Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, November 19, 1915, Page 8

.| We want to * run-down, PO stGets-1t"* Puts Your Feot in Clover. :hm 5" the ! wn.&;flug tx'u una;&z 3 .| Connecticut. P E LE oosens the corn from the true : * | HEBREWS 'TO DOUB ™ , and then makes it come “clean 5 2 2§ ours. ends corns. for kun{ Sees . WAR RELIEF. FUND. H.v- ‘Already’ Raised $1,000 = 'lnuld Send Another n,h From Nérwich. & surely, m.lnhssly—..msfleufly.——'llhl tion The Hebrews of the ¥ “Get than “ever, ‘who ts.” For warts and b\mlonl.l { part already. ed and $1.000 for It's the 20th-century way:* the ordlr is taking in th-,;.mvunem.w ""u‘ relief ete 1t s aold. by a1l drageists, . créate a stronger national spirit:ana|fund for the Ty the war 1 % 2c_a bottle, or_ sent direct by E. 3 todln:ul;m; reas m-l"r:e ;;t‘ sountry, eflir.m n E“Nvfl o g?nd in = e, e \" Lawrence & Co., Chicago. “* = T e han Gwalt upon the wonderte) sps| in furtherance AT by | & i -Copley 8q. e e E ; , Jwelt upon the wonderfu) ob- | ranging to bring hers on December 12 H-- Library. fo g e portun! two of the most influential men of. Shopping and Theatre | “ Pilgrim’s Progress lllustrated at. the 53 an. organizatior like the Knights of Friends of the Bev. Willlam F. their race to uldr- a public meet- ,_ Y. M. C. A. Keete of - Plainfield Have. * recently | poinrs Whose basic principles are. | ing.” Theso will be Dr. Schmarya Lev- A&m !"9"- Crstheng < 41 i Sondan s ar 330 28 the ¥ M. G, & | learned, with a: great deal ‘of pléas-| Holy Name Influsnce Extended. | "fnd ,f‘,,,"“,,“"{l‘;,,‘;"“"fl,_, | Near Sub lllthn i Cuisine. ~ building_Pilgrim’s Progress will be il- | uTfe, that he has been &ppdinted It the new director applies to | e in this undua & 00 rlai’”g.u lup : lustrated by the'stereobticon-and beau- i ocior. of “Holy Name w“dn duties of his ‘position -the same camp, No. 76, .0. B. M and Work- R‘d = 82.50, - < tiful colored views will . be shown.|New London, Windham and Middle- | ficient methods which, In the organ-|ingmen’s Circle hranch Not 128, which Man’s Store du!b, too—mth Department Store (Good Garages — 2 minuses’ waik) Music by Swahn's’ orchestra will be ‘a| oy counties.. Fhe appointment seems | ization and administration of the af- | have the following committees in Just i Ent SIS ot e mestas and. s o) o ot iseniiotios SN s | SRt e K 06 s o Wl e b s Jases, st | OGO, sepet the Main Street Entrance and 5= S RN ey w ‘welcome. 0 e ner Scl 5 1 The plan in this service each Sun-| P2 ,fiél‘é‘:?m::i‘in the state. He | the growth of the spirit of Columblans right next to the Post Office Sub-Station you will find t--i-—ml-& day is to have everything brief and| s an eloguent and earnest.speaker, | ism ip Connecticut. It will undoubted- hm—- SHORTSEATRIPS Norfolk,. Old Point Comfort, Rich- mond, Washington, Bermuds, Savan- Hanken, attractive, and the men will find it a e organizer, and | Iy lead to a notable extension of the| B. Mandel, B, Goldberg, D. Gordon, what you are ‘looking for and at a reasonable -price. profitable hour. :‘I::}?;;t N‘me yso:?e:l:« in the dlutrlcl l:flnence and ‘a greater 'knowledge| Goldblatt, and M, Sirkin. A‘ that will come under his direction,| of the principles, which the Holy| Rabbi Joseph Silver, who is princi- Why pay more Whl! you can N the same style and will find in him a counsellor ‘and ad- | Name societies foster, in the counties| pal of the Norwich Hebrew school, 1 Louis Mabrey left Thursdsy morning | visor who will be an inspiration’ to]of New London, Windham. and Mil-| and is on the press committee, writes qull:ty for less money. P for a visit of| them in: their effort to promote the dlesex. . : as follows regarding what the Jew- 3 9 . . vs with his daughter. Mrs. ish_people are doing for the welfare We want to get acquainted with you. Everett G. Champlin. z & of humanity: W -, Mabrey in- ‘CORPORATIONS MAY Here as well as abroad, the Jew- e 2 2 nah and the South. (onvhle in Syracuse Mr.,Mabrey in-| VERY LITTLE TARDINESS ; o B o R TR R i e We want you to get acquainted with us. Dot v be e st iasi. Tamast drawing big crowds during his special AMONG 3,103 PUPILS. £ - most in their charitable -deeds. I do - p 3 \ rates. Panama Pacific - Esposition y o o But 88 Cases in Norwich Schools in{ Not Willing o Atcept Rulings of the| ot auote this, to gain credit = for|} Heavy Weight Ribbed Undérwear. .. .. v S conducted Tour Parties. To Europe o= Month of October, Board of Egqualization. not claim othrwise. No, I ciaim this s.lll'll', Fleece-lined lm S 1 by all lines. Also: lndmndant tickets FREE TO The attendancs for all'the'schools of | Disakreement over definitions of the| o mtcs noro facts presented to. me Natural Wool Underwear- T5¢ lfl . by water and ram. ¥ 25 term “gross earnipgs” as in part 2 of S o ¥ os.0.0 a0 Wage.o JOHN A.. DUNN 80 MAIN - -STREET the town of Norwich for the mionth of As a rabbi teacher, occupying pul- ASTHMA SUEFERER October was. as follows: the corporation tax law. passed at the | pits and presenting institutions in dif- "Heavy Ribbed Union S\Ilh. Ceeie....$1.00 and : Number enrolled, including kinder. |1ast session of the general assembly | ferent parts of this country, I made ~ New gartens," 3,103. n.‘l' sz.fl) d “,“ L oo Mame Ot TARL Abyone O ames o7 fardinesk 58 ‘ public utilities compantes in this state | ferent charitable. ingtitutions support- e out Discomfort or Loss of{ . i des |to contest payment of the taxes as- | eq by th. ish Per cent. of attendanee ,in grades y the Jewish people. Time. sessed against them: recently by the How many. orphan asylums, houses white 3 .00 and $1.50 M8l Asthma, and we want you to fry 1t at| gotene. 886, torm in the superior court. The taxes | (or_ [h€ S85Q, homes for that white EERR R ‘CoAL ‘\"Q LUMBER T P s Sy noner our | ®*The ow per cent. of attendance in |became pavable Monday, and If they | fionalMies. besides, loan socleties. aid One-piece anet Pms LY .$1.25 Gelopment, Whether it 15 present as oo. | the Laurel Hill school was caused'by |are not paid by Thankselving day{ societies, homes for send for a free triai of our method. Mo | for three weeks on account of a case erected in._ this country since they matter in what climate you live, 10|of scarlet fever, and excliding the|the tax. Up ito the present time no | poie“migrated here. : Boys’ Domet Pajamas . AT, A e T matter. waat your age Of oceupation|prothers and sisters of pupils in that [utilities company has definitely an- | " VGO ISR ik subject to method should relieve yom promptly. tax law, but statements made at hear- 5 m Wo. gapecially want to ‘send 1t to| ~The stgtistics - for .the, dffferent | "o R 20 fof TRt 2 A0S o have by our great rabbis to give at all WE CARRY THE FINEST ASSOR’ OF HALF- those apparently hopeless cases, where | schools were as follows: times, and give secretely, but for ALw‘v‘ ."mm preparations, fumes, “patent Smokes,: iko Norwich, t of 2 ; BT AV Farleu v et 15 oot sivins aay wil bess without all the | | ool wori for & momina) wese - A. D: LATHROP everrone at our own expense, that 18 'S eing o - Zew metnod i aesigned to | R tax law will go automatically before could g0 beyond their reach. By pass- ‘ Office—cor. Market and Shetucket Sts, U reathin; all wheezing, an. - those terrile paroxyems.at énce and Part 2 of chister 303 ot e poblic §xt rex mom;gat fotl;.‘ the suf!eflnffl\‘n , - = Telephone 463-17 or all time. acts of 1915 provides that water, gas, | PUmanity amidst the present strife cloctric ‘and ‘power companics “shatl | abroad. more so by the movement on _ . 18141915 is expected to lead some of the larger| my" aim- to gather facts of the dif- ‘Wool Union Suits Ceis . 3 lizati t -th oy We have & New Method.that -cures{ Per cent. of attendance :in-kinder. [board of equalization and to test the| g, the aged, homes for that and tto; Gene; Hinma Vi casidnal or Chronic Asthma, You shousd | the closing of the ‘intermediate room | Attorney General Georte B HImman | many others, have the Jewlsh “peone || Wool Flannel Outing Shirts. ........$1.00 and $1,50 if you sre troubled with asthma, our | TOTRETE BRSSO O B e nounced jts' intention to contest the | ;o JiCs s ox we are strictly Insiracted Free B.m“x “ [.M‘h * all forms of inhalers, douches, OPUIM| o e ::gt:":;filobfl:fl':‘:d:"‘&z?":‘éitufilgkm!: the mere reason, that a community DOLLAR NECKWEAR IN TOWN ®ew method Is designed to end all dif- byt L i g over a thousand dollars in the ‘This free offer is too important o0 Doy an anmue vaE womapaes enall | hand; fo double the amount, by over- *15OpRID up WUVPUNIY JO Jus) Jod . meglect a single day. Write now and then begin the method at once, Send no money. bxmply mzn coupon below, Do It Today. | SCHOOL o R anitl (o Shon E0%s cam. |icoking the expense” fo bring’ ostr Jobn A.Morgan'& Son the rate of 1 1-2 per cent” -The com- | here the most influential men among panies must make sworn reports to | the Jewery. CcO A | 5 their gross earnings-and shall be as- The two most influential men to be . SIIUIPILY, JO §OSTD **SudlIeSIapU] Uf ‘Wiuowr B1y} Paq(oaus ‘ON 20UBPUNIY JO Jud) 0 * FREE ASTHMA COUPON suslresepury Sugpniouy 0 sessed by the beard ef equalization on brought here by the Jewish people _‘ ] Ne. 2 Nut FRONTIER ASTHMA CO. Room > © | the basis of this statement,.and if jt| of Norwich are Dr. Schmarya Levin, Office 485M Niagara ahd Hudson Sts., is not pald within ten days from the | the great reformer and orator, and Buffalo, N. Y. g 425 18 date it becomes payable, Nov. 15, the | Hon Louls ‘Efi;fi’.’h e g oo _ Send free trial of your methéd to: 180-.3 S Tracy Seneral Shall SpDly to & Judge | 0. doubt leave 'his impression: upan ; 3 fts payment. The assessments have | tho people of Norwich as-a journalist| REACHES OASIS AFTER EASTERN CONNECTICUT Srdearialosesobebonssinstis. Slreatt . The total e Y nglish speaker, one o R 5 Trenta for the. public. utilides om: | the forerunners of the Zionist Move- HOT SANDS JOURNEY sranc at.mvstic.| This Is Gas Heater ‘ g 7 Penies of Connecticut amount to 31— | Ment o o @ erva Levin, was a| Seventesn Hardy Travelers at Cere- ou.mrly Meeting of Woman's Board aole ffg 6 The only definitions of the direct |member of the first Russian ruma, and | - monial of Sphinx Temple of Mystic Missions Heard Speakers From Wcathcl‘ 515 .39 basis of the tax contained in the stat- g;:et; tm;t rlelglislat{:'; body w!nsmclo-t;d Shrine. Ind-- and Turkey. R 1 ute is in the claim quoted above and e czar, he, with many of his col- 3 . - . PLUMBING AND GAS FITTING |W. Thames St 142 3 in"the following clause: “Gross earn. | lcagucs, went 19 Viborg and signed the | _Seventeen hardy travelers jour-| The quirterly meeting of the Eastern | With the sudden drop in'the o H iny for th e of assessment|NOw famous org petition, which re- t P Phone 581 e A B and taxation, shall be as follows. In|eulted in the arrest or exile of all the| 2¢¥ed across the hot sands at the| Connecticit branch of the Womau's|temperature, the absence of £ Great Pidin 40 1 SO ket g e on bus. | daring and patriotic men who thus at. | ceremonial session of Sphinx Tem-| Board of Missions, which was held on £ i atbiheat hias Shsein BB B R o Rty within: e otar Tthe. tempted to chec‘(‘ the czar's abeolutizm. | ple of the Mystic Shrine at Foot-| Thursday at the parish house of the Steam and ot ating, : amount of gross earnings from opera- | Dr. ‘Levin went into exile, leaving his| Guard armory in Hartford an Wed- | Congregatio stic, 5 MODERN PLUMBING S L Hons, In case of 4 company carrving | position as government rabbi at Viia, : . sl Errivet sty Wb e mal church'at Mystic, bad | brought discomfort to many. & SRR Boswell Ave. . 81 4 on business, a part of which is out- {and separating himself from his family nesday evening, and arrive ely an attendance of about 75 when the is as essential in modern house as |Long Society.. 40 0 side of this state, such earnings from |and all his connections there. Dr. Le- | the oasis of membership. Tilustrious | session opened at 11.30.a. m. A GAS HEATER electricity is to lighting, We guaran. | Scotland Road 12 8 operations determined under the pro-|Vin was one of the modern day Zion-| Potentate Henry S. Strong, presided,| After the reports of the tee the very best PLUMBING WORK s, 536 | yistons of section 11 as is represented |sts, ‘and, by his remariable oratorical So8 :P‘;;o;i;““:\e“"‘m;lgg o g L F e Wvedie s b ower, coupled with his brillian: o W en - :,’_},:P.n omey At e fiie EASTERN CONNECTICUT i ;g:s.“se: rr‘r‘::l\rtfr glt_ r::l:cs"z;é thought, he. succeeded - in making for | the social features of the evening. A | ferest were given of the meeting at{ GAS STEAM RAMTQR wires operated by such company with- | himself an international reputation. and concert by the Sphinx Temple | Burlington, Vt. These were by Miss Ask us for plans and prices. 3 in this state. » * * to the number| As a journalist he has contributed |and, under the leadershiy of Thomas| Abby Willard of Colchuhr Mrs. E. 8. . CHRISTIAN ENDEAVORERS. |7 miles of water pipes, gas mains or |to leading Russian and Jewish maga- | W, Morgan, preceded the Initintion: & ‘4‘2‘;',?;“:: of s e&z, Terstacy | Will glve you immediate com 3 electric res operated by such com- | zines, being at one time e _editor of manf Miss E J F. TOMPKINS Annual Conference at.New.London on | ° 1005 Til, Tefinitions. are amend- | the. Jewish Vol in Wilna. Dr. Levin | evening. The Arab patron ‘Save an| bullen of. this city, Mrs. fort in the Home'" or” Office, - Saturday and Sunday. ed by the provision, “no deductions | came to this country shortly after hav- | exhibition drill under the hip | of New London, and Miss = E shall be allowed for such gross earn- | ing taken part in the framing of the|of Captain Edward W. Alexand®. Learned of New, London. Full, new:stock efithand. 67 West Main- Street The annual conference of the Chris-|ings for any commission, rebate or|famous Viborg petition, and addressed | ~An invitation had been exténded | “Luncheon was’served at nodn and = A tian Endeavor societies of_ eastern|other payment, except a refund result- | one of the largest demonstration meet- | to the afficers of Alleppo temple of | in the afternoon session, Mrs. W. Connecticut ‘will be held in New Lon- - n N Dr. Boston. The Boston officers, ~Who | Zumbro of Madura, India, held the at- (3o Z e il D2 held fn New Lon-|ing from an error or overcharse. ings ever held in New York. Dr. Levin ra, eld the af m c-" of ll In spite of this restriction in regard {interested Mr. Schiff and others in a|arrived early iy the aft/noon, were| tention of all as she spoke of- their Robcrt J Cochrane |k, Thesentertainment: committea| o reductions, most of the objections |plan to estabiish a technical school in|taken about the city for an auto-|home lifs and her soclal work has been asked to provide!for 200 dele- : to-the law are based on-allegations |Palestine, To this project he devoted | mobile ride and given a dinner at| poys. . d Hml GAS FITTING,’ gates who will come from all the towns | that certain reductions from groes | six years of his life, visiting America | the Hotel Garde by the officers of | Afiss Gertrude Rogers who was one GIS L ,,,_u,“m > and cities where there are’ Christlan | earnings should have been allowed by | several time sin the interest. of this|Sphinx Temple: . Potentate, Walter| of those who was driven from Van, G, STEAM FITTING, Endeavor societies including and east|the board of equalization. At the |institution. ‘W. Morrison; chief, Rabban F. H.| Tyrkey, thrilled her hearers as she Mai: Sm "-“ &lfldil!' 10 West Main Street, Norwich, Con | °Z, NeW Haven and Hartford. equalization iboand- hearings, a num-| Three years ago Dr. Levin was elect- | Appleton; treasurer, J. W. Work, | told of the wonderful work done thefe » 3 v The conference at the western sec-|her of deductions were asked, one of | ed one of the body of six who lead the | and past potentate, J. S. B'““--“ by Mrs. Reynolds and Mrs. Ussher of Agegt for N. B. O. Sheet Packing. |tion, of the state was leld last Satur- [ which was -the deduction from gross | Zionist movement. Dr. Levin hae madé | lustrious Potentate August M. her own departure from Van amid the day and Sunday at South Norwalk and | earnings of all the expenses of oper- | extensive propaganda tours in Russia, | gelhard of Pryamid temple, Bfldte- perils that surrounded that troubled T Y Wwas the biggest conference of a relig- | ations. This' would ‘make’ the tax prac- | Austria, England- and America. He | Dort, was a-guest at the ceremonial| section. Ga A Mm Roh 3 2 ious nature that Norwalk has seen for | tically a tax upen net sincome instead | speaks fluently in either German, Rus- fon. Mrs. A; A. Dewitt of New London . a £ some time. The Norwalk Sentinel re-|op gross income. ‘Another deduction | sia , Hebrew or Yiddish, meng those from this city who at-| read a paper which was a testimo- ported a large attendance ‘and said of | asked was the deduction ®f the cost of | The second, Hon. Louis Lips] who | tended ‘the meeting were James C.| nja] and an appreciation of the -work for your automobile. 'lh, it: “The talks and reports were all|raw material when this cost was paid |is the chairman of the exncn':x:"g com- | Fitzpatrick, Arthur H. Lathrop,*John | of Mrs. Reynolds at Van. . - 4 Heaflng and Plumhmg !a‘;fi $)y, sotistactory. and, enthusias- | out of the company’s capital. A third | mittee of the Federation of -American | Kukla. John B. Ford, William R Stev-| .|are wind ‘and watet-proof. . deduction asked was the dedubtion { Zionists, will speak in English. ens, Emil A. Stevens, Lawrence, B. < . About the same programme will be | from the gross earnings.of the amount | - For a mumber 0f years Me. Lipsky | Brockett, Alfred B. Biiven, J. Herbert 1:"!'; D"Vl‘;" P‘n':‘ T"'"".nf" A surplus stock of “Moyer” 92 Franklin Street carried out in New ‘London. One. of | of earnings derived from: operations | was the editor of the Maccabaen, the| George, Aubrey W. Jarvis. and,.Or- e police ‘court’ hert 3 ursday the strong speakers of ‘the conference |incidental to the main activities or |Zionist monthly magazine, and was as- | ville Brockett. morning. George O'Leary of New "':n"; will be. Judge Edgar M. Warner of |business in the company. ~An Iluse rew B R o TR . Putnam on the subject Hope: for the Eum:” cited m the incgme o‘; a city ?gf’.?f»ireffi;efiihentfifl?&flflm. Plymouth.—fl. O. Danfels of l(kfllo- traffic regulations in driving his auto- . IRON GASTINGS | o= Heip for the.Undeserving, - sale_of gas|iributor of damatic literature to - | igW% £, E: Housh of Naugstuck: snd|mobile by a troliey car ffom which e SR T T x qnoe‘;u m.;s;’?" fl;w I:, is ar- | number of daily newspapers. Al W \2::::\‘:.“%! SPanL on various —r:::..vn e Pl m LL mfl co- E New Milford.—~In " the ban B t mad niess of a gas| Mr. Lipsky. was born.in Rochester. F'm 2 g K 253 L, FURNISHED PROMPTLY BY | New Miord_in. the bankrupicylkued that ihe main business ot o gna| e Lipsky was horm'in Bochester | PR Sghes. thi (rriday) Srening in n was 336 eet, Ne several witnesses regarding the af-|is in the nature of a public utility is|the Rochester Free academy. Subse- 5 '“E VA[]GHN FOUNDRY C0 fairs' of' the New ' Milford Hat Co. |the supplying of gas to consumers,|quently he studled law and attended — =——— ) . which - has been in bankruptcy for | that the sale of gas stoves is a dis- | Columbia university as a special stu- y : No. 11 to 25 Ferry Strest several months owing $184,143.37.. = [tifict business in which there is com-|dent. He has been connected with the : ! 3 Detition, and that a tax which may be | Zionist organization for the past 15 ve an equm:ble asuln-; a nuhll:: mngueba1 co;- years, comtributing articles_on impor- - 4 = T ‘ poration as such cannot equitably be|tant phases of Zionist thought, deliv- 1y STETSON & YOUNG, U Af.ld p ‘ . |1ala against a business done by. that | ering addresses and. ensastoe i ean- : iy X ] ) L ric 0! SOfl company which Is not of a public ser- | eral organization work. FoOr the past ; 3 eTS : ; m fi Ca,l‘ nt'ers and Buflde 3 vice nature. two years he has devoted himself| ° : i 4 Ufldermfl\e!flealfl\ The “opposition. to the payment of | wholly to Zionist work ag the chief ne ] 3 ? P Best Work ‘and maierfals at right ealon fonites. onty Grain. pable it | Cocutive ofiter of “the’ éséxmsation: |~ X 2 : e 2 _of ‘nm prices by skilled labor. Rheuma D it f compan! . s e Insist upon bE T'lawhom. S WEST MATH BT uma Drives it from the System and | ties fes. - The ‘other companies Slosson Wins Three Mate! i Eliminates’ Rheumatism. = taxed under the corporation .tax law New York, Nov. 18.—Welker -Coch- . . 7 or 8 alices of white of the_ last legislature are taxed in NICE Cove Ever since Rheuma.has-been sold in | Jifferent ways. . The railroad 4nd street zan. “":nd"“’ ,.‘}’,“"‘;fl"‘.,,*"thx"“n -y X %‘W "d -fl‘ Dr J M KIVG this vicinity. the.sale of. this marvelous | raflway compani€s are taxed apon ¢ s [2o%s, aol Geowon Non: e New ‘water or milk to 4 h theumatism remedy has ;f'fle"f“o 3l | market value of thelr capital stock | XorK., stefan, 'won_their inatches in goeevent: Lor 3w orm h':—- . | fhet- that Bnctma: o narentent Sig B S oratiohs ~ are | iord tournament. relesa ke e IS’I climinate rheumatism or money. back. - glochran (300) ‘made his '(‘a’i'o' while | . & ;to::l);ancee the ' systemn : of urlc acid _ Song Dedicated to Mi‘l:‘.h.. l"i.‘ 316 3 hjfl‘o ), was 5 -~ May Buil Read this proof:. “After treatmeént| At the Connecticut College Weekly | In the afternoon match srm (375) JaniTuWF y ilding *| by three. doctors, without Tesult. I have | convecation, a song written by Miss|ran out his total while Joseph. Mayer been cured of a very bad case of rh Beatrice Ashe, formerly of Norwlch. (325) of Ph“ld.lphll ‘was 279 matism . by using. two bottles of to whom the melody was suggested in | points. Zra Rheuma. It is now two_years. since 1| @ dream .and for whi have : s J‘OJEPH BRADFORD e T S ey | Boer sobosed by SRS eI | Wit b s 52 e well as ever. Previously 1.was a crip- | H. Sykes, was sung by Miss Ashe. The | ajumnae assoclation of the BOOK B]NDER ple, walking with tches.”—Judge | Piece is entitled Alone. ~The words| Hospital Training school had a ban- Johm Barhorst, Fort Loramie. Ohio. are dedicated to Miss Ash: quet at Stueck's Wednesday nuung‘ £ Rheuma is sold by Lee &.Osgood S Miss' Amelia Jones is the _president % aunk Buoks Made and Rul.d ‘%o Order, | and all druggists at 50 cents. Get the| Gromwell.—There was a very the . asse fine genuine—in Tiquid ‘form display of - vegetables at the meeting | was Dr. C. M.ld, Following ‘108 BROADWAY use only. 3 of the grange the other evening. . banauet as enioved.