Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, September 10, 1914, Page 8

This City. GAS FITTING, Clinton Han ¢ Groton is build- ‘- ‘PLUMBING, STEAM FITTING, |ing & frame bunsalow on Groton = weeks. Everything is in readiness for the recepticn of the instrument and no time will be lost in installing it in the new organ chamber at the right of the chancel, Altering Roundhouse Into Garage Main Street Building to be Occupied by W. F. Bogue —Addition to Totokett Mill Completed—New Houses DANIELSON. It was discovered on drawing up the contract for the alterations to the armory with Morris B. Payne of New London that a typographical error had been made in taking off his estimate, so that when it was. discovered his bid ‘ also exceeded the appropriation. The plans will be revised by Architects Whiton & MoMahon of Hartford to reduce the cost and new bids will be advertised for in the near future, 1y, & & & dence to be erected on Lincoln ave- nue for Mrs. Sarah McGee. It will be of frame construction,” containing seven rooms, which will be heated by hot water, lighted by electricity, and provided with all conveniences. Change at Donchue Mill. Contractor George W. Allen of Lis- bon has a force of men at work put= ting a new room on one of the Don- ohoe mills in- Baltic. The building is known as the old wooden mill and the work is now well advanced. The old rafters extend down to the eaves and the new roof will¥make the top floor a full story in height. . F. Bogue, owner of the local Ford 0:‘ at- the corner of North Main Past_Main streets,' has leased the 1d New York, New Haven and Hart- Im-d roundhouse on North Main Jmet Just south of the old Reliance worsted t and is turning it into a first class | R R reme 1o brlc:o“” -has been bullt., There large . large doorway on the North E-l‘mnhnr side of the roundhouse. ® latter is to be used as the garage %«n and the doorway on the _side MIDDLETOWN. Linus Baldwin is finishing Bohu- mil Stolba’s new two-family house on High street. i The two-family house being erected on Hotchkiss street for Max Press is now read for plastering. Donald McKenzie has just completed D. E. Davidson's new residence on Home avenue. The new bungalow being erected in Newfleld for A. E. Gilbert is now ready to finish. Linus Baldwin is the con- tractor. The new cottage he is build- ing at East Long Hill for Thomas Coleman is now ready for plastering. BUILDING AND BUSINESS. & is to Le used as tho exit. is % large runway between the e e o the nterios OF n the rior ::wb'gnn;s. The flooring will e | - House Nearly Done. cement, and other improvements are| At the house on Fourteenth street ‘made. which Contractor Allen is building for W. H, Stebbins, work is well advanced and the house is nearly completed. Two Story House. On Winchester street Contractor Al- len is Miss Elizabeth B. are now up and the roof boards are -1 Mill Addition Done. Aot Contractor C. M. Willlams has com- leted the erection of the addition to plant of the Tofoket company in and it is now in use. The ad- provides more space for ma- ‘and will add to the production | How the Past Week Compares With Same Period Last Year. @ the mill being placed. The cottage is to con-| The number of real estate sales i b |talnsix.rooms and it -will be fitted | tro State 1ast iy $ Changes Nearly Done. o|Fith all modern improvements, elec- iselugeretha:: gfigf:: ety yp$£ tric lights, hot and cold water, bath, ights, hot and cold water, bath, | of last year, there being 335 sales, with ete. mortgage loans of $881,427 last week, Ida and m, is nearing wood with hard wood floors. o Tho front of the new |The exterlor of the UPPEr SLOTY s t0 | loanc of $540027 Iemt yone TIOTUEAES Store is now completed with the ex-|be shingled and the lower story will . 5 During the past week there have been eight bankruptcy petitions filed, with assets of $7,640 and liabilities of $48,844, while last year there were three petitions, with average assets and labilities of $1,474. The eight incorgorations last week have a total authorized capital stock of $627,000, which compares well with the first week of September last year, ‘when there were six corporations, with aggrgate capital stock of $190,000. Bullding business, as shown by the number of permits issued in the prin- cipal cities of the State, continues to be very Hght, although the record com- favorably with the, first week of September last year. But 107. permits for buildings costing $177,805 were boarded. When completed the cottage will be a creditable addition to the buildings on Winchester street. Berkeley Avenue Cottage. cheaaons tarted A ek e a| Contractor’Allen has just completed house on Central avenue owned by the |% COttage on Berkeley avenue near the Potter Manor in Greeneville for Shetucket company and which 18 being | srortin Karakula. It s of two stories in height, contains six rooms, three i3 Double Piazza. on a floot, and is fitted ‘with modern ters are now figuring on the|improvements, including bath, electric for the new double deck piazza to lights, hot and cold water. The in- E erected on the front of the Shea |terior finish.is of natural wood with block on Merchants’ avenue, Taftville,|hard wood floors and the exterior is and it is expected that the construc- |clapboarded. Contractor Allen is fig- n work . will be commenced in ‘a|uring plans. for -several other houses week or two. The new cement walk | which he expects soon. to erect. in front of the building has been laid for several days past. < ' Progress at Gordon Building. . Noticeable progress is being made the brickwork of the new Gordon | Industrial building, corner of Chestnut Willow. streets. The walls are as the second floor on and Chestnut street sides wall is up nearly to the The second floor is part- 1y and on the Chestnut street side a tablet with the words “Gordon Buliding” has been placed in posi- lon_ of the painting, and the ine- lor work is well advanced. = Brick Foundation. this week to build KITEMAUG BARN HAS BEEN REBUILT F. W. Browning Places Motor in Structure and Erects Packing Shed. Within the past few weeks Frank W. Browning has rebuilt his barn at Kitemaug, which was destroyeq by lightning some time ago during a heavy thunder shower. The new barn fs built on_the old foundation, but it is some feet lower than the-old struc- =, ture. It is of wooden construction ture a Credit to Town. and ‘as there are no posts the roof is held in position by trusses. Mr. & ‘Browning has had installed in the barn an electric motor which he uses (Special to The Bulletin). to pump water and also to saw wood. | = Willimantic, Sept. 9—The town of The motor is a valuable adaition to|Windham is to be congratulated on the the farm equipment. N two fine new schools which are this Another new building on the farm |year added to its equipment for the is a packing shed in which Mr. Brown- | work of turning out the future citizens ing prepares his peaches for market. | of this community. The Natchaug It is of 1 1-2 storles in height and of | Grammar School, which is practically wooden _construction, the. dimensions | completed, and in which the school being 20x30. The upper part of the | secembled Wednesday morning, Sep- tember Sth, for the first time, 15 a bullding is used as a storage room for peace basket: building which gives = visitor an im- ‘pression of massiveness at the same time being well-balanced and con- venieptly. arranged with appointments _Lincoln Avenue Bungalow. ‘have been completed by Ar- itect C. H. Preston and estimates are now ng made for a new resi- g ”, PLUMBING AND STEAM FITTING oo bt scabtsich: e sotmd oo T Ol Sl Y g . T.F. BURNS Heating and Plumbing 92 Franklin Street ] obert J. Cochrane NEW LONDON. Contractors Having a Busy Season in street for F. C. Kent. It will be 30x40 leet, with improvements. 5 Oliver Woolworth is making extén- 10"West Main Street, Norwich, Conn. ‘Agent for N. B. O. Sheet Packing. ! Phone s81 DO IT NOW ‘There’s an economy as well as_com- fort reason why you should TALK MNEATERS WITH US NOW. ‘The September cost of steam, hot water or hot air heating is less than when workmien are at a pre- J: F. TOMPKINS 67 West Main Street " SUPPLIES for Plumbers, Steam Fit- ters and Mills Th: Norw:ch Pumbing ‘upp'y House Phone 18. Central Whart made. The house which H. R. Griswold is building on the Norwich turnpike for Frank Burrows is now being plastered. J. J. Murphy is doing the mason work. Jordan & <Cleary are doing the plumbing in the new residence which Taylor Douglas is building for himself. The Hopson & <Chapin Co. are in- stalling the heating. Contractor H. R. Woodward is com- pleting the new three-family house at the corner of Shaw and Steward streets for Michael Sullivan. J. P. Kennedy is doine the, plumbing and heating. Jordan & Cleary are doing _the plumbing and heating in the n&v R?}?t o store and tenement building at corner of Church and Meridian sts.,|in every way up to the modern for which F. W. Hull is the contractor, | Standard for such a building. It was built with an eye to the future growth of the second district, having a capac- ity of over six hundred, although the normal registration at the present time is 360 in the fall, and slightly larger as the term. goes on. Other than a few finishing touches, J. J. Murphy is doing the mason work. Estimates have becn received for the house to D@\ erected on Truman street by Joseph McNamara, the plans for which are by Architect James Sweeney. The house will be arranged | for two families, ‘with steam heat and all improvements. The work of installing the new Plant memorial organ in St. James' Episcopal church will be started this weelt, The organ arrived in this city ‘Saturday .after .a . delay - oft several the only part of the school equipment not on hand is the new desks, which were on Saturday somewhere between Buffalo and this city, in transit. If they do mot arrive in_time, the old desks and chairs, which are in posi- Call up 734 First-class Workmanshi ‘Thorough work is vital to the fam- ily's health in the installation of .I\Ilnbilll. Not only do we install the most modern bath tubs, closets and sinks, but our work is first-class in every detail, and our 'charges are reasonable. A. J. WHOLEY & CO 12 Ferry Street STETSON & YOUNG Carpenters and Builders. Best work and materials at right prices, by skilled 1sbor. Telephuae 50 WEST MAIN ST. IRON CASTINGS FURNISHED PROMPTLY BY THE VAUGHN FOUNDRYCO. N6, 11 *> 25 Ferey Street 'Contractors and Gwners should get our prices for TIN, COPPER aad GALVANIZED WORK hefore plac- ing your. orders. PIPING FOR STEAM HERTING Large stock of Mill Smyplies always on hand Specialty of HONEYWELL Hot Water Haating J. P. BARSTOW & CO. 23-25 WATER STREET, NORWICH, CONN. THERE s no advertising mediom in pastern Copnscticut equal to The Bul- ®tin for buainess resuits, THE NEW NATCHAUG GRAMMAR SCHOOL granted in the largest <Connecticut cities and in Milford and West Haven. Last year in the four leading cities 86 permits for structures costing $175,- 530 were issued. Very few contracts were awarded last week, the most important being for schoolhouse work in Bridgeport and East Hartford, addition to laundry plant in. Waterbury, factory in Tor- rington, store and tenement block in Stamford, and residehce work in New Haven, Hartford and Waterbury. Projects for which plans have been made include, store -and tenement blocks in New Haven and Hartford, schoolhouse .in Milford which will cost $18,000, theater costing $40,000 in Stamford, addition to factory in Bridgeport, and residence work in New haven, Hartford, Waterbbury, Bridge- port, Greenwich and Norwich, besides the usual amount of one and two- family houses in various parts of the State. There were four sales of real estate in this city last week .to five a year ago, the mortgage loans for the re- §L)§ctlve weeks being $5,260 and $12,- 5. : In. New London.there were eleven sales last week to three a year ago, while the loans were $39,350 and $10,- 250 respectively. BUILDING OPERATIONS IN NEW ENGLAND. The Statistics of Building and En- gineering operations in New England, as compiled by the R. W. Dodge Company follow: Contracts to Sept. $120,210,000 ‘Contracts to Sept. 118,003,000 134,957,000 [ Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Sept. 12 Contracts to Sept. Contracts to Aug. Contracts to Aug. Contracts to Aug. Contracts to Aus. Contracts to Aug. Contracts to Aug. ‘Contracts to Aug. Contracts to Aug. Contracts to Aug. Contracis to Aug. Contracts to Aug. Contracts to Aug. NEW SCHOOL BUILDI "GS AT WINDHAM Natchaug Grammar School Occupied and High School Could be Used as Temporary Quarters—Modern Brick Struc- tion now, will be used. Three-quarters of this equipment, however, has come and is now in place. The Natchaug ‘school occupies a triangular piece of ground at the corner of Milk and Jackson streets, and is a two-story brick building, with artificial stone trimmings, and rein- forced -concrete floors. It has a front- age of 1333 feet and a depth of 84, and owing to the slope of the land, the basement opens directly onto the play- ground at the rear of the school. The floors of the class rooms are of hard ‘wood, while in preparation of asbestos and cement on the corridors is hand- fome, durable, and practically noise- ess. Arrangement of Rooms. The two floors are arranged in a similar manner, with four rooms on the north side of the corridor, which runs from east to west, and five on the soth side. The main’ entrance is in the middle of the building, on the north side. and here is installed the old bell, purchased thirty-five years ago for the old wooden building of the second district. Wire outside coat THE NEW WINDHAM HIGH SCHOOL racks are placed in the corridor for the convenience of the pupils, and there are two bubbling fountains on each floor, and four in the basement. On the north side of the first floor are the ungraded, first, second and third grades, and on_the soth side a store- room, two kindergarten rooms, srade 4, and the teachers’ room. On the second finor are the 4 other 3 Princiral Harroun's office, the library and the sewing room. . & : s:uat of tne second floor mbiy room, so arranged time when the need be- comes apparent, it can be transformed into two class rooms. The basement contains two large playrooms, one for the boys and the ,other for the girls, with modern and highly sanitary lavatories and toilets, providing for automatic flushing, ven- tilation by means of an electric sys- tem, etc. There is also a room for manual training and one for domestic science. The boiler room contains two large Richardson steam bollers, a small heater for use in the spring and fall, the switchboard, and a large electric vacuum cleaner, with several connections, on each floor. Well Lighted and Ventilated. The class-rooms are well lighted and ventilated, and in most cases have connecting doors, for use in case of fire, or for easy communication be- tween rooms. The system of electric lighting is semi-indirect. room has a closet set into the wall, and the curtains at all the windows are ad- justable, so that any part of the room fil? be shaded, and the rest receive ight. Every room has a telephone, and the principal’s office can be called from any part of the building, but no communi- cation between the rooms is furnished by the system. The number of tele- phones is eighteen. The electric system is worthy of special notice. The clock in the office 1s regulated and run by electricity, and automatically sets all the other clocks in the bullding. In addition, it is provided with what is known as a programme system, so placed that at a certain time, a connection is made, and a gong rung in the main hall or in any of the rooms as may be desired. The whole echool is run under any programme which may be desired, and the teachers lose no time looking at the clocks or bothering in any way about when the period ends, the time for recess, etc. A buzzer on each floor when sounded gives notice to the prin- cipal that hesis wanted in the office. New Walks. During the summer concrete walks have been put around the school prop- erty, and with the permission of the Board of Aldermen the corner of Jack- son and Milk streets has been made into a curve instead of a sharp angle, and a space left for a grass piot be- tween the walk and the street line all around the school. The school yard will be used as a playground. the younger ones having the part north of the school building, and the others the south section with an imaginary dividing line for boys and girls. The architect of the building was Dudley St. Clair Donnelly, of New London, and Doyle & Murphy the gen- eral contractors. The electrical work was done by Elmer E. Young, and the plumbing by Moriarty & Rafferty. H. H. Lyman installed the heating and ventilating plant, and the interior woorwork was furnished by Hillhouse and Taylor, \ x Given by Mumy D. Lincoln Direction of Slope—Well Now. Owing to the increased demand and good prices for the various kinds of 8ood fruit, many people are contem- plating_the setting of an orchard this year. If well matured trees can be obtained this fall, it is feasible to set as soon as possible this year. Next spring when the spring work is rush- ing if the orchard gets blanted at all it will be a slip shod job. of carefully seti not be too.strongly emphasized. Fall planting is. preferable on well drained soils, particularly for hardy varieties of fruit like apples, pears and plums. If the ground is in good con- dition and the stock well matured, peaches can sometimes be set in Oc- tober with success. Advantages of fall setting are several. The trees become established during the open Weather in the fall, and usually make a start in the spring before the ground is hard enough to allow spring planting. This early astart not only means a better growth the first season, but what is more important trees which get a very early hold upon the soil endure the droughts to better advantage. It is also better to buy in the fall when the stock is full and the best trees un- sold. However insist that the trees are well matured and not stripped of their leaves which would seem to in- dicate that they have shed them and gone into the dormant condition. At any rate, whether the farmer is to set this fall or next spring he should be contemplating the location 40! his orchard and get what he can in con- dition. A few timely remarks on the selection of such land may save some from ire. ¢ different fruits, yet the same under- lying principles will serve for all. Many a fruit grower has been wise in setecting his gereral location for eme barking upon the orchard business, yet erred badly in locating the or- chard upon. the particular farm which he bought. e DOUERE seil Fertility. " 'Soil fertility is, of course, an im- portant consideration; yet not as im- portant as the general character of the soil. If the general character of the soll is good, fertility may be sup- plied by proper treatment. Run-down soils can be made fertile, yet the man who starts his orchard upon *“worn- out” solls is working under a big handicap. The skillful grower can take a peach soll and develop a paying ap- ple , the amatcur should al- ways bear in mind that under such conditions only the man who thor- oughly understands his business can hope for- success. X For Peaches. The peach thrives best upon a rather light soil; only the exceptional peach grower' can hope to succeed with peaches upon clay soils. and the heavy ciays should always be avoided. A sandy loam, or a gravelly loam is the soll for the peach. Apples require soils varving from a sandy loam to a clay loam. In apple culture the experienced orchardist soon learns that apple va- rieties vary greatly in their soil re- quirements. Pears, for the greater rather heavy solls, has seen. successful sandy solls. The secret of this variation lied per- et WINDHAM HIGH SCHOOL. Handsome Three Story Brick Struc- ture on Site of Burned Building. ‘While the new Windham High school is not so near completion as is the Natchaug echool, there is no reason, said Principal E. A. Case several days ago, why the school sessions cannot be conducted in the building while the finishing touches are put on, with as much or more convenience as could be found in any temporary quarters. ‘The building, which is located on the site of the old high school, de- stroyed by fire in the spring of 1913, is one of the handsomest and best ap- pointed ~buildings of its kind in the state. Spacious corridors, well heated, ventilated and lighted rooms, a large assembly hall, laboratories for the sciences, a gymnasium, kitchen, lunch rooms and all modern school conven- lences are to be found, and the build- ing itself is as n@arly fireproof as one can be made. The partitions and out- side walls are of brick, with concrete floors and indestructible staircases. The only things inflammable in the building are the hardwood floors, the finishings, the doors and window: Accommodations are provided at|haps in the subsoll, rather than in present for 500 puplls; and slight|top soil. All apple and pear u‘m- 1gxm.nges in the room pl will allow | should ‘hnvfi a‘:tulla:ou o;‘::l:yo:l;n m ; 8 sof rete or a healthy growth. The. work|loam s rege o ure and that . :\:l plant food. The roots of the peach demand plenty of oxygen to thrive well, hence the desirability of a top soil that allows surface water to set- tle away qulcl:ly t_:nd oan.lldw! air to readil: netrate e sofl. All yo‘rgehltd soils should be easily workable. The light sandy soils and the loams are ideal in this respect. Heavy clays and stony lands are al- ways hard to handle.In heavy clay one often has to wait for days after a rain before the soll can be’ properly worked. In sandy loams the teams can get upon the land within a few hours after the heaviest rains. of working soil also will materially cut down the cost of production. Very acid soils should be avolded, yet we should not lose sight of the fact that most fruit trees are very tolerant of acid and alkaline mndla tions of soil. All fruit trees demant some lime to give a proper strength to limbs and trunk. If a soil is acid some lime should be applied. Lime- stone solls are often favored for the apple. The writer does not belleve that limestone soils have any decided PR A BT e 2 emi department may lead to the ?l:veloc;;mnt of scientific photography, and much interesting work of lh:: na- ture is among the possibilities £ e ihern side will be the bio- which yet remains to be dome is chiefly in the hasement, where the gymnasi- um floor must be lowered 18 inches, and minor details which would in no way interfere with the carrying out of the schedule of class work. First Two Floors. The first two floors contain 10 rooms to be equipped with desks, ‘which have arrived and could be put in place shortly, and eight recitation rooms, be- sides separate dreesing rooms on each floor for the boys and girls, and the large auditorium or assembly hall, which is in an ell on the south side of the building, over the boiler room. This hall, which is a feature of the building, has a floor space of about 60x 60 feet, exclusive of the large stage, with dressing rooms. at either side. The stage will be lighted from overhead, with the same system of -indirect lighting used throughout fhe building, and provision is also made for porta- ble footlights. As the oppdsite and of the hall is a connection for a lantern, and a buzzer to be operated by the lecturer on the platform, to obviate the necessity of rapping for a change in lighting or pictures. The recitation and class rooms are well lighted, and especial attention was paid to this detail, with the result that no better lghting facilities can be found in a building of like kind, it is confidently believed. The general office and the princi- pal's office adjoining are located on the first floor, and an interphone sys- tem will be in place, with 30 connec- tions, so that the office can communi- cate with any part of the building, or the other rooms may talk to each other. A feature of the second floor is the commercial department, comprising one large room, with present accom- modations for 60, a typewriter room, new buil = ’!t‘;l: section in which the commercial oms are located at the west end of trgs building, is but stories in height, and its roof would make an ideal spot for an out door lunch room or 1 corner. It will quite likely e utilized in some such manner. ‘The roof of the main section of the build- ing has many possibilities of the same nature, and the view from either is superb, located as the building is, on top of a hill, ;‘Vl‘lt};dn wide vista of ills on sides. Ngl;‘tbo be forgotten in the general summary is the elevator or shaft, in case an elevator should be found nec- essary, and the spaclous air and 1ight wells running from top to bottom of the building. Basement Rooms. B In the basement will be rooms de- voted to sewing. dining and cooking, a lunch room and kitchen, two manual training rooms, the Jjanitor'’s room, ‘boiler room and gymnasium. On each side of the latter are the rooms devoted to dressing rooms and tollet for the boys and girls, with shower-bath facilities in_ each. ‘The gymnasium is to be equipped by the alumni of the school, according to the plan put in opsration last June. The heating Ofllltp-mel n: includes tv‘:o e te boilers, two enormous l:x:fiux:wmm. for the circulation of heated air passing over coiled radi- ation pipes, to be used in the coldest weather, a vacuum cleaning plant, with connections on every floor in con- venient places, a thermostadt system, and two others adjoining which can be used should occasion require. The room next to the typewriter room is connected with it by a window parti- tion, so that the teacher may be giv- ing a course of instruction in that room and yet keep in touch with those who are using the machines In the room adjoining. Laboratory Floor. The third floor is practically a labor- atory floor, the physical and chemical laboratories occupying suites of rooms at each end of the northerly side of the building, with a common lecture room for all sciences between. The equipment of both laboratories is com- plete, and gas, electricity and com- pressed air will be furnished to each as required. A dark room in the etc. Bubbling fountains on each floor will prove sanitary and thirst-satisfy- ing. In fact a tour of _inspection leaves little in the way of improve- mant which ohe might suggest over the carefully formulated plans of those wause cnarge the construction of the building has been. The floor of the corridors and the stair ways are covered with a composition of asbestos which s noiseless to walk upon, as compared with concrete or wood, and is resilient as well The finished pmduct will be a building of which ‘Windham will have no cause to feel ashamed, and which will compare in looks, convenience and suitadility for its purposes with any in the state, Timely- Advice On Orchard P.anting Director of County Improve ment League—Requirements as to Locality, Fertility, Matured Trees Should be Se advantage in growing peaches. Black berries thrive best on acid soils, peasn upon soils well suppiied with lime Humus, is always an important-iten to consider in choosing 2 soil. We haw no_previous articles, discussed- thi value of humus. Sufficient to stati ::j.xf ‘without humus all orcharding wil ¢ Hard-pan subsolls should always bl avoided. The subsoils should be o such a nature that the root systenm of the tree can easily 'penetrate it Soils under lald with hard-pans al ways suffer from drought, and teni to hold too much water about the roott of the tree during times of excessivi rainfall. The sub-sofl should be sucl that the root system can develop mnor: mally and furnish a good anchoragt for the trees. Orchards underlaid with hard-pan sufer more or less from trees being overthrown by heavy ‘winds. “5E All orchard soils should be drained. No orchard tree will thrive under “wet-feet” conditions. Standing water is always objectiomable. Til¢ drainage is a remedy for such condi- tions, and there are few orchards iy the East but would be bettered by thorough tile drainage. A tile drair bears the same relation to soil mois- ture that a safety valve does to & steam boiler. Gravelly subsoils should be avoided, as they allow the soil water to leach away too rapidly, thus ‘causing not only loss of molisture, but of plant food as well. Orchards with gravelly or sandy subsolls may grow and thrive until they come into bear- ing age, but are doomed to:fatlure as =oon as tthe trees begin to endeavor to grow heavy crops. Air Drainage. Alr drainage is a factor in orchard location that is far tco often neglected. Alr drainage Js just as important as water drainage. “Pockels” of dead are trees dry off quickly after rains an heavy dews; fogs do not linger long and the danger from frost is n In general, orchards should: not’ located upon level lands, es; those lands are surrounded by hills which pour their cold air down on to the orchard. The rougher. the sor- rounding land, the steeper should be the slope upon which the o iocated. In districts where the gen- eral toposraphy of the land is flat, vere slioht slones are all that is neces- sary to take care of air drainage. "An i elevation of only a few feet often means crops or no crops. It is sur- supplied with good air drainage. The and” air should always be avoided.- The lessened.. be prisine how slicht an elevation will. ter-killing of the buds. The slope, protect an orchard from frost or win- should always be great enough to carry off the cold air, and care should be taken to see that there I8 no na- tural obstruction at the foot of the slope that will prevent the flow of the cold air or cause it to bank up and He in the orchard. - Good examples of air drainage are to be found in someof the earlier peach orchards located In the Michigan peach orchard belt. The early orchard- ists not recognizing the valueof. afr drainage, located their orchatrds “wpom: the level lands, 1nd orchards suffer erely from as a result, these- The growers soon “got wise” to the hards #ituation and worked these orc] o% upon oty men from Chicago, Who “hards were anxious to own ‘péach orc! and get rich. orchards are sadder- but and while they. may not kmow much about orcharding they are informed upon the subject of nage. Direction of the Slope. ~ The db on of the slope is of su-. preme importance in some parts of the country, and of but little importance in others. It may make but little dif- ference with apples. and may make a'- great difference with peaches. more rugged the surrounding country and the greater the elevation, - the greater the importance of the direction of -the slope. For illustration, among the hills of northern Delaware, peach- es should never ba d southern or southeast: The. < upon & * posure, - * while in the more level portions of the state the direction of the slope is of but little importance. Southern slopes : are conductive of highly colored, early ripening fruits. Northern slopes tend to give a more slowly ripening fruit, and probably Tetter keeping fruit. In regions where - late spring frosts and winter-killlng of huds are a menace al a northern slope. Where sun scald of = the trunk is serious, avoid’ south- western Slopes. The direction of the,- slone js a subiect that needs careful study by the man who either expects to plant or to buy an orchard. Garden Soils. The soil of garden is often in bad condition because it grows the same crops year after year and there is no Eood sod to plow under. In order to produce good crops on such soils very heavy manuring is necessary. Some of the results of plowing under sod may be obtained by sowing rye, buck- wheat, rye and turnips. rye and vetch, or the like as soon:.as the garden crops are past the stage when they need the room. Sow at the rate of about 2 bushels rye per acre with small quantity of other seed. For very late sowing rye alone is the onlv prac- tical crop. With something to plow in each vear, the garden soll may be kept up much easler and at a less cost than dressing with manure at the rate practised by many growers. Permanent Soil Improvements. Now is the time of year to begin to set down the old jobs that need to be . accomplished Dbefore another season and as soon as the crops are harvested they should be started. The drainage of land is one of the great improvements that is certainly a paying proposition. With most other improvements hald the payment is in* the pleasure and satisfaction of having it done. Land drained does not show above the ground but the increased crops quickly pay for it and after that the increase is mostly profit. Almost everybody now except in main ditches uses the tile drains. Taterals that run to the ditch are gen- erally 3 inch on moderate slope. These only cost abont 2 1-2 cents per foot. The cost of laying the tile and filling up the ditch, averages about 25 to 36 cents per fodt. Your low land is the best paying proposition on your farm and vom con=ot afford to let it rum to_wild grasses. Removal of rocks is another source of meoft that shows up in_increased ylelds due to the amount of land made avai'able and also is beneficial as it dncreases the possibility of using the modern tillage machines which reduce the cost of production very materially. Cutting brush is another pieca of work that is in season now. It takes a long time to kill out bushes by cut- ting once a year but after a dozen yvears or so they will be well thinned. By pasturing this land is also - kept down and the cost of the oueration lessened.