Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, March 15, 1913, Page 9

RELAND, the land of St. Patrick and the shamrock, has at last shaken off the shackles which more then a cen- tury of poverty and oppression had forged upon her. ‘Within the last few years she has put behind her the memories of black despair and, with a new lease on life, is now step- ping forth fearlessly into the new era, the dawn of which has aiready burst forth over her rugged hills and verdant valleys in = brilliant radiance of rejuve- nated patriotism and prosperity. All Work for Ireland. Bvery integral part of her social and political ‘system is responding to the magic touch of progress, and from a slough of despair she is rising a reincar- nated spirit of ancient Hibernia, which, centuries before many of the now civi Hzed nations of Burope were aught but roving tribes, was the seat of culture and learning of the west of Europe. - With Greece alone does shé share the unparalleled honor of having preserved through the vicissitudes of two thousand vears an unbroken language and ltera- ture, though herself suffering serious Qecline. ° The little green isle has kept alive its mother tongue and rendered undying homage to the traditions of its birth. All Ireland ever may hope to attain she owes to the unfailing devotion of her patriotic sons, many of whom, llke Em- met, have given even their lives in her behalf. Today they are working all over the world, these Irishmen, to promote her industries. increase her prestige and Tevive her national characteristics, One of the most successful movements to renew patriotic zeal was that of the Home-Going Assoclation, which the first meason alone brought more than twenty thousand Irishmen back to the “ould s0d” at Queenstown. The president of this association, Mr. Francis J. Kilkenny of Washington, sec- rotary of the controller of the Treasury, in a recent interview spoke of the prog- ress of his native land with convincing authority and understanding, acquired through a recent tour of the island. His observations were all the more note- worthy because of the comparisons which his ten years' absence enabled him to make. To him, as to all other thinking Irishmen, the paramount topic of the hour is the home rule bill, which is gxpected to become & law within & short me. A Step Forward. In reference to this bit of legislation, which has been the political bone of con- tention in the English parliament for so many, many vears, Mr. Kilkenny sai “The recent action of the British house of commons in passing the Asguith bill 18 a great step toward securing home rule for the Irish, and it now looks as 4f home rule will become a fact in the near -future. "The léaders -of -the--Jrisi: ‘purlnaztne:t:ry pgrtyt h}xl;va workefl untir- ngly to bring about the passage of this bill, and John Redmond and his ocol: leagues and their allies among the Eng- lish democracy are entitled to an e lasting debt of gratitude from all lovers of liberty for their noble efforts in be- half of the Irish nation. ‘Should this bill become a law, out- side capital, heretofore timid about going into enterprises in Ireland, will un- doubtedly be attracted there. With home rule established, confidence will be re- stored, the mills and factories will start up and every line of industry will take on new life. By thus developing the re- sources of Ireland and upbuilding her industries the tide of emigration to for- eign shores will be stemmed and her poo- ple will find” employment, and thus be Efl.tll‘ffied lghremain at home. “From e American oint of the outlook for the Irish 1a &t srecemy mést encouraging. American senti- ment has always been in favor of home rule for Ireland, and the opinion gen- erally entertained throughout the coun- try is that with the advent of self government there will dawn a new era of peace, happiness and prosperity for the Emerald Isle. Inducements to Capitalists. “This opinion 1s mainly based on the remarkable change that has~ come sbout for the betterment of the Irish [egple within the last ten years. Lesis- ation on land and labor, passed through the efforts of her membars of parliament, has contributed largely to ihis greatly improved condition of af- airs. “The mercantile mind of Treland awakening, and Irish business men wit} be given an opportunity to extend thefir commerce and make their wares known in all the markets of the world. Pros. perous Irish Americans can do much now and later to encourage c#mmercial relations between this country and Ire- land. American capital can be profit- ably invested in TIrish factories and Irish stores. TIrish linens, laces, wool- gne._tweeds. frieze and kindred indus: ries can be easily developed state of efficiency. 2 to #tilsh “Ireland offers to the manufacturer many attractive inducements to Invest capital with every prospect of. there being very profitable returns. Not lone is the capital of the Irish-Ameri- can needed, but aiso his skill and ex- perience in modern methods and de- vices will prove of valuable service in the Industrial revival which 1s now only at its begining in the old land.” During the last two years the in- crease in export trade of the island has been most marked, and the gain in bank deposits unprecedented. The reatest relief has come through the and acts. The one of 1881, called the ihree F's, providing for fixity of tenurs, freedom of sale and fair rent, was es- pecially beneficent, inasmuch as prior to that the tenantry of Ireland could be dispossessed without notice by the landlord. This act conferred on the tenant a vested Interest in his holdings, thus making him a Jjoint-owner with the landlord. Real Autonomy. Relating to later legislatfon, Mr. Xil- kenny explained the benefits of the act of 1903: > “The land act of 1903 provides that at the end of a statutory period of sixty- nine vears the occupant of the land shall be the owner thereof in fee simple. The jtate advances the money to enable the enant to purchase outright the landlord's iInterest in the holding. - Repayment to the state of the amount of advance is ar- ranged for at intervals covering a period of sixty-nine years, and the installments so paid are much less than the amounts formerly paid as rent. Under the pro- visions of this act, Ireland is gradually changing from a nation of tenants to a nation of dandowners.” Dr. J. P. Lennox, assoclate professor of English language and literature of. the Catholic University of America, expresses his opinion of .the home rule bill in brief as_follows: “There is no \doubt that the bill, while not perfect, is an honest and well meant i take up arms if necessary to resist it. s AT £, JAUNTING OR = = QUTSIDE. SR train. It will confer on Ireland in regard to Irish concerns a real autonomy. I have no other opinion than that, when it gets into full working order, it will prove of inestimable advantage to Ireland, and through Ireland to the British empire. “Many things in it appeal to me, but the feature which I like best perhaps is that, for the first time in the history of the Engligh occupation of Ireland, the Irish ministerfal executive will be responsible to the Irish parliament and be dependent upon its confidence. That this responsi- bility and this dependence did not exist even in Grattan's parliament was one of that body’s fatal flaws. “I believe that the section of Ulster which now stands sullenly and petulantly aloof will, when the time comes, take an active, an intelligent and an honorable part in making the Irish parliament a success. The Ulster Delegation. “Those who can see nothing good in the bill and who are opposed to it root and branch are the members of the union- ist party in Great Britain as well as in Ireland. They are traditionally opposed to it, for their very name is derived from theif determination to maintain the legis- lative union between the two countries. They condemn the bill as a whole and in all its parts. They claim that it means the disruption of the empire, and some of them have professed their resolve to “The attitude of a certain section of Ulster_ seems_speclally threatening, but there is considerable misunderstanding on this point. I find that there prevails a general, but as it seems to me, a wholly unwarranted impression that Ulster is solidly opposed to home rule. Now what are the facts? The men of the nine countles of Ulster send thirty-three mem- bers to represent them in the British par- liament. Of them sixteen are ‘home rulers,” so that Ulster, so far from being solidly one way, would seem to be fairly evenly divided on the question. ““The home rule bill does not repeal the act of union, does not restore Grattan's parliament, and 1s therefore very far from realizing our youthful dreams. Neither will it bring the millennium to Ireland; but there can scarcely be a doubt that, coming in the train of beneficent legislation on the tenure of land, on labor and on agriculture, scientific and uni- versity education, it wil] tend to promote the peace, prosperity and happiness of the Irish people.” Beneficial Legislation. Irish Americans are jubilant over the brilliant future which the activity of to- day foretells. When the undeveloped re- sources of their native land become fully exploited Ireland should be one of the richest countries on the glebe. She hi 20,000,000 acres on which to farm and Talse ‘cattle. Her rich coal deposits are estimated at close to 200,000,000 tons, and she has ample stores of iron which, like her other mineral riches, have remained undisturbed for centuries. Belfast, besides the linen Industry, has one of the largest shipyards in the world, employing more than 22,000 skilled me- chanics and laborers, with a weekly pay roll exceeding $175,000. During the last ten years. Ireland has profited greatly through various legislative acts. The old- age pension Jaw—which gives to reputable citizens of three score and ten and over a small pension In proportion to What- ever 1ittle property they may possess— attempt to right admitted wrongs and to et a¥ rest the disputes and bickerings that the uniom of bas breught in its has worked wonders in restoring a self- respect and certain independence among the aged, by assisting them to finish their days without recourse to the poorhouse. Then, too, the laborers’ cottage board is a potent_ factor in the establishment of awalened energy and industry. Now, all over the rural districts, one sees neat cot- tages with their little patches of four or five acres of ground. These, 00, are only the privilege of the worthy citizen who has’ worthy people to indorse his applica- tion. He pays from 20 to 50 cents weekly rental for his place and occupies a house costing between $500 and $600 to build. These cottages are placed convenient to roads end highways. The old primitive industries, 50 peculiar- ly Ireland’s own, are rapidly passing away. No more are the roadside rock piles holding the industry of the stone- breaker who used to sit on his straw mat and with his little hammer break up the rocks into a certain size and carefully pile them up for the road contractor to measure and buy. No longer are the sons of Erin content to bask In sunshine and passing-g0ssip while, perhaps. a whole week's desultory labor yields them a dollar. Now the mod- ern stone crusher is a familiar accom- peniment of the road contractor and good Toads are becoming popular. Likewise, the picturesque thatched cot- tages are glisappearing, for thatching is becoming a decadent art. Thrashing ma- chines are a common sight and mowing machines and other farm paraphernalia are being sent into the country through the aid of American relatives, and in many communities are owned and worked upon a co-operative basls. The sewing machine and the automo- bile, too, bave intruded themselves and, with their speed, are shaming the primi tive methpds of accomplishment. The spibning wheel and the jaunting car, the little donkey with his creels of peat or his quaint market load, are so interwoven with Irish life that Ireland without their presence must lose half its charm. The thatched cottage, with its peat fire, and the story-telling groups, with their fanciful tales of fairies and their beauti- ful old legends of love and war, so dear to the hearts of the Irish, are still con-| trolling elements in their daily lives. With | all the innovations progress Has created she has left them their folk lore and their imagination. | tive literature are alone sufficient to mark Dr. 'Joseph Dunn, professor of Celtic language and literature of the Catholic University of America, the only endowed chair of the kind in the United States, places his faith in Ireland’s future wel: fare upon the revival into common usage | of her-native tongue. The language lived | on from vprehistoric time in spite of the | “plantations,” the penal laws of Crom-| well's time, which imposed fines upon those who spoke Irish and made educa- tion possible only through the medium of English until 1600 or 1700. Sald Dr. Dunn: “The truest indication of the survival of a national sentiment among a people Who are in conflict with a stronger pe- litical power is the preservation of thefr native tongue; So long as they possess that, though conquered, they are not as- similated. The native language and na- off the Irish people with a distinct his- tory and a distinct civilization; they con- | | | | stitute their title deed In the court of| nations, thelr charter to stand before the world as a political entity. ““The banning of Irish from the schools of Ireland was one of the greatest causes for the woful decline of the language. Then followed the series of famines and of emigrants. With all these it, the Irish language had but slender chances of exist- If we consider that at the begin- ence. ning of the nineteenth century there was probably not a man,«woman or child of | Irish race in Ireland who could not speak | or understand Irish, and that their num- ber has dwindled today to about 700,000, or, roughly speaking, one-sixth of the| entire population, it will haps not be too much to say that probably mo paral- lel could be found of such a wholesale, | rapid and almost complete blotting out of a language within the limits of a hal? century.” One of Ireland’s chief beauttes is her | Repr esentative Willlam C. Adam- son, chairman of the House commit- tee on interstate and foreign com- merce, can perhaps claim the record in the House for il- legible chirography. He will admit that it is sometimes im- possible for him to read his own hand- writing after it has grown cold. One day a client entered his law of- fice at Carrollton, Ga., and handed him a letter. “Mr. Adamson,” he Seld, “I received that letter in the mail yesterday and am unable to read it. I wish you would trans- late it for me.” Mr. Adamson took the letter, which was scrawled on a plain sheet of paper, and regarded it for a long time. Then he handed it back with the remark: ““That is not writing. Some lunatic has been trying to play a joke on you.” aStralgntwey the visitor handed Mr. env i tho letter had been matieq 00 = Which “This letter -evidently came from your office, Mr. Adamson: your name Is print- ed on the envelope,” he said, milaly. it Mr, Adameon's Temaiks were not 5 . ave from the record S i “From the Heart Out.” ' With the friends of Alaska, the late John L. Wilson, former United States senator, came to Washing- ton. There was a congressional com- mittee hearing on the subject of our neglected territory to the north. Sen- ator Wilson was discussing the fish: industry and ing made some com- ment about can- ning salmon on Puget sound. “Why, senator,” interrupted Delegate Wickersham of Al.ltsl‘t:,“;viv;e(}vldn't can s regon at_tha z I Rer ommented Senator. Wilson, who had been defeated that year for Te- election to the United States Senate, you only canned your senators. Charles A. Prouty, chairman of the interstate commerce commission, is the Dbrother of Representative Prouty of owa, who is one of the foremost author- fties on public utilities of the present Congresa. A Close Bargain. It i1s always amusing to those not ‘“‘seen” when a fellow - member of Congress is “touched” by’ a constl.ent. Not long ago, Repre- sentative Dixon of Indiana tc at length how a man had succeeded in Eothing - §10 - from him. “The old fellow said that he was proud to meet me because 1 was a distinguished son of 2 distinguished father. He said that my father was one of the most brilliant men he had met.” Senator Kern remarked to Mr. Dixon that he thought the compliment about his father well worth the temspot. ‘““Five,” said Dixon, skeptically; “for ten he should have thrown in my grand- father.” Representative William _Redfield of Brooklyn, N. ¥., is an expert in big heat- ing planta Alphonse and Gaston. Shortly after his election to the United States Sen- ate Henry F. Ash- hurst of Arizona gave a dinner in celebration of the event. When the guests had assem- blea the double doors were thrown open, revealing the dinner table, and they were asked to file into the din- ing room. In the party was a gentleman from New Jersey. He was the last of them all with the exception of the senator to pass through the door. The two gen- tlemen® reached the door at about the same time, each bowing to the other to proceed. Neither seemed inclined to give way to the other, and the bowing and the expressions of desire to go last con- tinued untll the situation became some- what strained. Finally Senator Ashurst, who had gained something of a reputation as a hot-head by coming down from the rostrum and literally throwing some heckler out of three separate meetings during his campaign, lost his temper. “Get out of here,’ he yelled, “who in the blankety-blank is giving this din- ner anyway! The man from New Jersey went first. _T.T1SMORFE. CASTLE, much enhanced € “WATERFORD COUNTY splendid old castles, of which pe best preserved is Lismore Castle, in Iismore, Waterford county loca: time Sir Alfred Austin pai more Castle and upon &pproac 80 _fascinated magni ruction and location tha ‘Lismore is much more Warwick!” St.*Patrick’s Cathedral in Dublin is most celebrated of all Irish churche since tradition says It was built over the well where St. Patrick baptized d preached Christianity.to the early pagan A small church Is said to ha ed on this spot by St. Patr 1190, the year of the great ©Comyx, - Archbishop I the ruins of the former church and ere ed a more spacious edifice This was partially 1362, the damage bet Archbishop Minot c . architectural grandeur St very conslderable cl tion carried out I la Lee Guinness, Bart, at £160,000. The dignity and the t thedral is not its only claim, as its varied history presents many f est. It has been use ‘a_grammar scol a prigon, a parlian for cavalry. 1litz a ner echoed to the o followers of Bar re engaged in battle h the mayor of Dt man, had nothing to do was ordered by holy every Corpus Christ! day barefoot through the city. Among its less exciting ceremonies, many notable assembly of bot within its wall ring upon Henry VIII of Treland, whose reformation, ck by despoiling the chu its ornaments and images. & 6, 1690, five days after the battle of Boyne, King Willlam came to tho chur and gave thanks for his victory James IT. The chief objects of Interest in ville street, Dublin, are the O'Connel emument Nelson's = pilart. and the atue of Sir John Gray, to whose un | selfish_efforts Dublin owes its 1 i magnificent supply of pure water brought from the distant Wicklow hi The O’Connell monument is one of t public memorials in Dublin. It forty feet high and is twelve-foot figure of pears habited in the * formed a rarely absent item of ing attire. The foundation laid on the Sth of August, 1864, and work was designed and ocommence Foley, the Irish sculptor. In 1874, when the work was very far advanced, Foley one died and the completion was left to of his pupils, Mr. Brock. A Picturesque Section. The bronze drum encircling: the central portion of the pedestal is ornamented with a grouping of fifty figures, each sig- nificant of some ennobling theme, the chief being the symbolic figure of Erl breaking her fetters and grasping her charter of liberty with one hand, while with the other she points trfumphantl to the central figure above. The churc arts, peoplo and trade have also t representatives in the grouping, wh at the base “In cunning allegory” a Placed patriotism, fidelity, eloquence and courage. The statue telis the story of this peerless patriot and defender of the Irish race. The Cascade of St. Btephen's green park, is one of the beauty spots in this place of recreation for the citizens of Dublin. Erriff valley, Connemara, flanks both sides of the river from Leenane for & portion of the way to Westport. The road and river combine to heighten the Dic- turesque beauty of the Scemery. Hers ona Sees the quaint thatched cottages and the huge rock piles and rock walls, which bear mute testimony to the struggle tho farmer must meke in order to get space enough to ralse his crops. The Colony, Dugort, was founded in 1883 by the Rev. Edward Mangle, a cler €yman of the established church, with & nucleus of two or thres cottages and about seventy-five acres of land. Through strenuous efforts and in spite of many obstacles he succeeded in establishin this Protestant colony in the midst of strictly Cathollo district. The jaunting car is the principal m of travel for the sightseer through country. It is peculiar to Ireland and from its construction might be callea; instead, the jolting car,