Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, February 3, 1912, Page 12

/i @m MANURE AND ITS PROPER APPLICATION cially for The Bulletin.) hear of a farmer with T mean, of course, r, farming a real farm. with the idea of getting Farming it with the hope o Farming it of Tuture years and the time in the back Aue to them. That letter did not ap- pear in the manufacturers next sea- son’s “testimonials” ‘There {8 no oc- casion to doubt the truth of the stor- fes these advertisements actually tell. But there is strong ground for sus- pecting that the stories of failure are apt to get into print as those of Most of us farmers would do better | d only save all of our own anures, and use them in as to do the most good. Years ago, I remember reading & sin- | gle phrase which has clung to my | memory. It referred to “the splen- | did econemy” of dally drawing out | “The longer 1 farm if, the | more 1 come to appreciate the possi- bilities of this truly “splendid ecun», omy." Now, don't get huffy, and abuse me for a crank, because you may have ! tried that very scheme and found it { unprofitable. My dear brother, there | t any one single farming Mmethod device in the whole civilised world of such a pro- ed farmer s that manurd he felt he ver did. 1 don't| could exist in & 1 happen te De | manure. me people never think | ng manure, They pick sections of new en storing thousand and ralse Ferth . . so e 48990 | which is a sure thing on every farm, i i year. 1 haven't the slightest gk g <P B ol that there are some farms where | Some Sattne of | drawing wouldn't pay. If yours e Slore o1 | happens to be one of them—snd you | T Rt iy know it—all right. Don't get mad; | - haven't any com- | 1o o "alking to you, but to the b what farming is, nor | [ HEL P it @ farmer really l00ks | . K . n the same i1 R R T % - bt them 7| It depends a good deal on your soil; | farmers—never | somewhat on the kind of manure your | lkely o be.|Dbarns supply; not a little on the way | land-robbers; | it is appiied, I don't think manure | aps: but they | spread during the winter on a steep, | the | wash-y side hill with a brook at ma! | bottom, would be a wise investment, {1 dont think that manure spread | dally during the entire year on “leachy,” thin-solled land would be apt | to stay near emough the surface for | are about farming what is They™ doubling generations which | with great labor | the fertility | the plant roots to get much good | misspend- | from it, eight or ten months after it parasites; | was put on. I don't think that coarse, straw -y manure thickly spread in June | over half-grown grass, could help the | their 1 those vermin | hay crop one littie bit. e land nndi et ¥ then deserting has been| Some years ago a farmer out in | sucked dry by their foul rapacity. Schenectady county, N. Y. bought a | I'm not talking about this sort of | truck farm, without any good lences; Coupon for the Bulletin’s Corn-Growing Prize Competition for 1912 Mr. BOWE; . o soabiveanmn "COUIY, .. o35 80 S5 T Enters the competition to grow an acre of corn according to the plans set forth in The Bulletin’s announcement on Jan, 1st, 1912, the prizes being $100 to first; $50 to second; $25 each to third and fourth; and $10 each to three others; and suject to all the rules and requirements of the contest. farm ] m thinking of real|on it. He had eight head of stock be- side his horses. The latter, of course, he kept stabled the year round. The young stock he made a pasture for in one corner of the farm. The cows he “'staked out” on odd grass plots among fir You of the latter class will agree with me \e great manure ques- ne in real farming. you own up that | the various truck patches, around the ads more of | buildings, etc. Next season his atten- ne only had | tion was attracted by numerous circu- ar any such short, every us would be know some way in supply our need can buy comm lar-shaped areas in which the grass stood eight or ten inches higher than the average, was thicker and greener. In a moment it flashed across his mind that these were the places where the cows had been tethered. If their drop- pings, Iying out all winter, showed such results the succeeding summer, why wouldn't manure drawn out during the summer and spread on the land do something similar? He tried it. As a result he finds that corn and grain and hay all do markedly better with him on land which he covers with fresh manure drawn and spread daily from his stables and yards. Last year, which was a mighty bad corn year, from four supply from draw But this is not expensive form of ma- far from satistactory, od, at 1 hold any retainer fal fertilizers, I've criticised for defending an T ever shall be for abusing t they do cost like sin; that we all know. And they don't always |acres of sweet corn thus treated, with- work, that everyone knows who has |out a pound of commercial fertilizer tried them. No doubt they are often |added, he sold over 200 hushels of of great value: no doubt they some- |roasting ears, and filled with the cut- times more than pay for themselves | up fodder a 25x18 feet silo. n increased crops. Heaven forbid that R stion u | know that this was pretty good work—for 1911. T also know that the doctrina is not adapted to all soils and conditions. 1 have in mind one farm where the stock go all through the fall, winter and gpring to a brook near the barnyard for water. When the snow | melts away In the spring I have seen | the surface for 25 feet back fram that | little brook covered with clear cow- | dung so deep that the farmer used to | £0 out and scatter it around, so as to | expose the turf underneath. Yet never has there been any apparent increase I've had experience with “complete would have made goad in every such case, it was pought the raw materials n myself, with & shovel, fioor, varying the proper- every few hundred pounds, to requirements of the different | which they were applied. | had sxperiance with theny | in the growth of the grass in that cor- iy Dhvigey ““xi“znur There are probably reasons for failed 1 f this queer result. I simply state the tact, used, or a i R L S without attempting to explain it the normal yield one. of thm frare | Why such fertilization sheuld pro- 4 amall shipment :ducl fine results for a Schenectady B At 221 eounty farmer and no results at all for trathfa] | MY neighbor may be because of differ- "} "haa | cex In the soll or because of any one . he. » ozen other things. As you an k -m‘,f;fi dpien Bar- T don't own either of the farms, the R real question for ue I8 which nf the " two ours most resembles in its recep- tion of manure. crops; 4 spinach the o - . Have you ever tried the experiment, to find out for yoursel? If you haven't wouldn’t it be worth trying? If it should turn out to be ineffective with rou, you'll be no worse off than now ARE YOU FREE —FROM— will lose nothing by the test. 1If it | . should tarn eut 4 £00d thing, why then Headaches, Colds, Indigestion, | —~ou remember the old song: “When | vou've got a good thing, keep it, keep | Pains, Constipation, Sour Stomach, | it Dizziness? 1f you are not, the most | effective, prompt and pleasant| method of getting rid of them is to, All one needs for the test i= a wagon th manure spreader into which nure can be thrown diract fr. It isn'L essential that ine stu d be drawn actu: every « take, now and then, a desertspoon duy, regardless of the weathe > | 0 whether the wagon is filled or 1 ful of the ever refreshing and truly | 1:. tever you have a load r. 3 e thing is sure: this method saves beneficial laxative remedy—Syrup | i ixira handiings of the nasty stat of Figs and Elixir of Senna. It js | 2 icaxes you free to use the precions : s wirs of the opening spring in more | well known throughout the world | -frective work thap digging out manure | rom half frozen hea as the best of family laxative reme- dies, because it acts so gently and | strengthens naturally without irmi- tating the system in any way. Why not try it on that acre you're | 9oing to put into corn in The Bulie r-growing competition this comin ason” 1 hope you're going into th nywa Brace up, and if It isn’ &oing to be possible to win a tidy little | premium with a tidy Jittle corn crop on your own farm'! Wouldn't it be do- ing something to take the biue ribbon away from such common places as Granby, Mass., or Collinsvile, and hang it up in New London or Windham y? 1t's worth while making a Send your name in to The n the coupon, and then—get THE FARMER. | with fhe expeuditure of considerabie | money | miles Presidem Taft Recommends Their Construction in Alaska, But Not Necessarily Their Operation Approves Recommendations of Interior Department in Mes- sage on Conservation and ing of Alaskan Coal Lands—Proposes Federal Control of Water Power Sites and Favors International Commis- sion on the High Cost of Living. | To the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives: There is no branch of the federal jurisdiction which calls more impera- tively for immediate legislation than that which concerns the public domain and especially the part of that domai: which is in Alaska. The report of the | secretary of the interlor, which is i transmitted herewith, and the report to him of the governor of Alaska set | out the public need in this regard with | great force and in satisfactory detail. | The progress under the reclamation | act has made clear the defects of its limitations which should Ve remedied. | ‘The rules governing the acquisition of | homesteads of land that {s not arid or | semiarid are not weli adapted to the petfecting of title to land made arable | by government reclamation work, 1 concur with the secretary of the | interior in bls recommendation that, after eatry Is made upon land being | reciaimed, actual occupation as a home- stead of the same be not required un- il two years after entry, but that cul- | tivation of the same shall be required | and that the present provision under | which the land is to be paid for in ten | annual instaliments shall he so modi- | fled as to allow ¢ patent to issue for the 1and at the end of five years’ cul- tivation and three years' occupation, with @ reservation of a government | len for the amount of the unpald pur- chase money. This leniency to the | reclamation homesteader will relleve him from occupation at a time when the condition of the land makes it most burdensome and difficelt and at the | end of five years wili furnish him with | a title upon which he can borrow | money and continue the improvement | of his holding. 1 also concur in the recommendation of the secretary of the interior that all of our public domain should be clascificd and that each class should be disposed of or administered In the manner most appropriate to that par- ticular class. The chief change, however, which ought to be made and which I bave al- ready recommended in previous mes- sages and communications to congress 1s that by which government coal land and phosphate and other mineral lands containing nounmetalliferous minerals shall be leased by the government, with restrictions as to size and time, re- sembling those which now obtain throughout the country between the | owners in fee and the lessees who work the mines and in leases like those which have been most successful in ' Australia, New Zealand and Nova Sco- tia. The showing made by investiga- | tions into the successful working of | the leasing system leaves nc doubt as | to its wisdom and practical utility. Re- | quirements as to the working of the | mine during the term may be so fram- ed as to prevent any holding of large mining properties merely for specula- tion, while the royalties may be made sufficiently low not unduly to increase the cost of the coal mined and at the same time sufficient to furnish a rea- | sonable income for the.use of the pub- | lic in the community where the mining | goes on. In Alaska there is no reason why a substantial income should not thus be raised for such public works &8 may be deemed necessary or useful. There is no difference between the | reasons which call for the application | of the leasing system to the coal lands | stili retained by the government in the United States proper and those which exist in Alaska. | There are now In Alaske only two | well known high grade coal flelds of | large extent, the Bering river coal field and the Matanuska coal field. The Berlng river coal field, while it has varying qualities of coal from the bi- | tuminous to the anthracite, is very | much lessened in value and usefulness by the grinding effect to which in geo- logical ages past the coal measures have been subjected, so that the coal does not lie or cannot be mined inlarge lumps. It must be taken out in aimost & powdered condition. The same dif- | culty does.uot appear to the same ex- tent in the Matanuska coal fields. The Bering river coal fields are only twen- ty-five miles from the coast, They are within easy distance of an existing railroad bullt by the Morgan-Guggen- heim finterests and may siso be reach- ed through Centrviler bay by the con struction of other 2nd competing rail- | roads. Controlier bay is not a good harbor, byt conld probably be made pract The railroad of the Morgan- ! Guggenhcim interests. running from | Cordovs, could be made a coal carry- Ing road for the Bering river fields by the construction of a brauch to tho; fields mot exceediug fifty or sixty It is practieable, and if the | conl measnres were to be opened up doubtiess the branch would be built | T the present condition of things there is no wmotive v build the road, | | because there is o title or epportunity | 0 open and mine the cogl The Matanuska conl fields are - | er distance from ihe cosst. They are | from 150 to from the harbor of Seward, ou R ection bay. This is one of the finest barbors in the wotld, and a reservation has been made there for the use of the navy of the United States, A road copstruct- ed from Seward to the Matanuska coa] flelds would form part of a system reaching from the coast into the heart | of Alaska and open the g | | struction beyond this hav been dis-| | backing of those engaged in the enter- | ownership where the same certainty | viding that the president may appoint Labor—Alse Advocates Leas- valleys of the Vuion gud ianana, which bave sgriculturai as well as great mineral possibilities. The “Alasks Central road has been consiructed some seventy-one miles of the distance from Seward north to the Matannska coalflelds, but the con- couraged, first. by the faet that there has been no policy adopted of epening up the coal lands upon which igvestors could depend and, second, because there seems to be a Jack of financial prise. The secretaty of the interior has ascertained thnt the bovdholders, who are the real oWaers of the road, | are willing to sell to the government. and he recommends the parchuse of the existing road. such recoustruetion | a8 may be necessary. its coutinuance to the Matawuska coal fields and thence Into the vaileys of the Yukon and the Tapana. It would be a great truak line @nd would be an opening up of Alaska by government capital. I am not in favor of government and efficiency of service can be had Ly private enterprise, but I think the conditions presented in Alnska are of such & character as to warrant the government, for the purpose of en- couraging the development of that vast and remarkable territory, to build | and own a trunk lime rallroad, which It can lease on terms which may be varied and changed to meet the grow- ing prosperity and development of the | territory. There is nothing in the history of the United States which affords such just reason for criticism as the failuve of the federal government to extend the benefit of its fostering care to the ter- ritory of Alaska. There was a time, of course, when Alaska was regarded as so far removed into the Aretic | ocean as to make any development of it practically impossible, but for years the facts have been known to those ‘who have been responsible for its gov- ernment, and every one who has given the subject the slightest consideration has been aware of the wonderful pos- sibilities in its growth and develop- ment if omly capital were invested there and.a good government put over it. I think the United States owes it, therefore, to Alaska and to the peo- ple who have gome there to take an exceptiond! step and to build a rail- road that shall open the treasures of Alaska to the Pacific and to the people | who live along that ocean on our west- ern coast. The construction of a rail- road and owoership of the fee do not necessitate government operation. Pur- suant, however, to the recommenda- tion of the secretary. of the interior, I suggest to congress the wisdom of pro- 1 2 commission of competent persons, in- cluding two army engineers, to exam- ine and report upon the available routes for a railroad from Seward to the Matanuska coal fields and into the Tanana and Yukon valleys, with an estimate of the value of the existing partially constructed railroad and of the cost of continuing the raflroad to | the proper points in the valleys named This proposal is further justified by the need that the navy of the United States has for a secure coaling base in the north Pacific. The commission | ought to make a full report also as to | the character of the coal fields at Ma- tanuska and the problem of furnish- | ing coal from that source for mercan- tile purposes after reserving for gov- | ernment mining a suficient quantity | tor tfle navy. | T bave already recommended to con- | gress the establishment of a form of | commission government for Alaska. | ‘The territory is too extended, its needs are too varied and its distance from ‘Washington too remote to enable con- gress to keep up with its necessfties in the matter of legislation of a local | character. The governor of Alaska in his report. which accompanies that of the secre- tary of the faterior, points out certain laws that ought to be adopted and em- | phasizes what T have said as to the immediate need for a government of much wider powers than now exists there if it can be said to have any government at all. 1 do not stop to dwell upen the lack of provision for the health of the in- habitants and the absence or inade- quacy of laws, the mere statement of which shows their erying need. 1 only Press upon congress the imperative ne- vessity for taking action not only to permit {he beginning of the develop- ment of Alaska and the opening of her resources, o provide laws which shail give to those who come dmder their jurisdiction decent protec- bat | should be turned over to the states. | | Under such a syssem the federal gov- | EBRUARY 3 1912 _ be adopted for the betterment of con- ditions near the mouth of the Colorado fiver proves to be so dependent on a free and full agreement between the government of Mexico and the govern- ment of the United States as to joint expenditure and joint use that it is un- ‘wise to move until we can obtain some agreement with that government which will enable us to submit to congress a larger plan better adapted to the exi- gencies presented than the one adopt- | ed. 1t is essential that we act prompt- | Iy, and through the state department | the matter is being pressed upon lhe“ attention of the Mexican government. Meantime a report of the engineer in charge, together with a subsequent re- port upon his work by a body of ex- perts appointed by the secretary of the | interlor, together with an offer by the Southern Pacific railroad to do the work at a certain price with a guaran- | ty for a year, and a comment upon | this offer by Brigadier General Mar- shall, late chief of engineers, United States army, and now consulting en- gineer of the reclamation service, are all herewith transmitted. Water Power Sites. In previous communications to con- | gress I have pointed out two methods | by which the water power sites on | nonnavigable, streams may be con- | trolled as between the state and the national government. It has seemed | wise that the control should be con centrated in one government or the | other as the active participant in su- pervising its use by private enterprise. In most cases where the governmen | owns what are called water power | sites along nonnavigable streams, ‘which are really riparian lots, without which the power in the stream cannot be used, we have a situation as to ownership that may be described as | follows: The federal government has land without which the power in the stream cannot be transmuted into elec- | triclty and applied at a distance, while {1t 18 claimed that the state under the | law of waters as it prevails in many | of our western states controls the use of the water and gives the beneficial use to the first and continuous user. | In order to secure proper care by the | state governments over these sources | of power it has been proposed that the | government shall deed the water pow- | er site to the state on condition that | the site and all the plant upon it shall | revert to the government unless the | state parts with the site only by a lease, the terms of which it enforces | and which requires a revaluation of | the rental every ten years, the full | term to last not more than fifty years. | A failure of the state to make and en- | force such leases would enable the | government by an action of forfeiture to recover the power sites and all | plants that might be erected thereon, and this power of penalizing those who | sucoeed to the control would furnish a motive to compel the observance of the | policy of the government. The secretary of the interior has sug- gested another method by which the | water power site shall be leased di- rectly by the government to those who | exercise a public franchise under pro- visions imposing a rental for the wa- | ter power to create a fund to be ex- pended by the general government for | the improvement of the stream and the | benefit of the local community where the power site is, and permitting the | state to regulate the rates at which the converted power is sold. The lat- | ter method suggested by the secretary is a more direct method for federal | control, and in view of the probable | union and systematic organization and | welding together of the power derived | from water within a radius of 800 or | 400 miles, T think it better that the | power of control should remain in the national government than that it | ernment would have such direct super- vision of the whole matter that any honest administration could easily pre- vent the abuses which & monopoly of absolute ownership in private persons | or companies would make possible. Bureau of MNational Parks. 1 earnestly recommmend the establish- ment of a bureau of national parks. Such legislation is essential to the prop- ' er management of those wondrous | manifestations of nature, g0 startling and so beautiful that every one recog- | nizes the obligations of the government to preserve them for the edification and recreation of the people. The Yellow- stone park, the Yosemite, the Grand canyon of the Colorado, the Glacier National park and the Mount Rainier National park and others furnish ap- propriate instances. In only one case have we made anything like adequate preparation for the use of a park by the public. That case is the Yellow- stone National park. Every considera- | tion of patriotism and the love of na- | ture and of beauty and of art requires | us to expend memey encugh to bring | all these natural wonders within easy reach of our people. The first step in | that direction is the establishment of tion Lower Colorade River. There ie transmitted hevewith a let ter from the secretary of the interi getting out the work done wnder joint resolution approved June 23, 1910, au- thorizing the expenditure of $1,000,000 0 much thereof as might be ueces gary. o be expended by the president for the purpese of protecting linds and properiy fn the Imperial valley and elsewhere along the Colorade river in Arizopa. The money was expeaded and the proteciive works erecied, but he disturbances in Mexico so delayed the work and the fioods in the Colora- do river were so extensive that a part of the works have been carried away, and the need for further action and ex- ‘penditure of money exists. 1 do mot make a definite recommendation at present, for the reason t @ respousible bureau which shali take upon itseif the burden of supervising | | the parks and of making recommenda- | tions as to the best method of improv ing their accessibility and usefulness. International Commission on the Cost | of Living. There has heen a strong mevement among economists, business men 3 others iaterested in economic inves tion to secure the appeintment of an | nternational commission to iook wto the cause for the high prices of the uc cessities of life. 'Ehere is no doubt but | that a commission could be sppointed | of such unprejudiced and impariial per- sons, experts in investigation of eco- nomic facts, that a great deal of very valuable light could be shed upon the reasons for the high ?flce! that bave so distressed the people of the world and information given upon which action might be taken to reduce the cost of living. The very satisfactory report | impossibility of making any accurate | the subsequent investigations for which correctly to apply sound principles to the facts found. For some years past the and steadily increasing cost of has been a matter of such grave public con- mitted to the various governments, for an international inquiry into the high cost of living, its extent, causes, ef-| fects and possibie remedies. I there-| fore_recommend that to enable the presifient to invite foreign govern- ments to such a conference, to be held | at ‘Washington or elsewhere, the con-| gress provide an appropriation, not m! exceed $20,000, to defray the expenses of preparation and of participation by the United States. The numerous investigations on the subject, official or other, already made in various countries (such as Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France,| Germany, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands and the United States) bave themselves strongly demonstrat- ed the need of further study of world- wide scope. Those who have conduct- ed these investigations have found that the phenomenon of rising prices is almost, if not quite, general through- out the world, but they are baffled in the attempt to trace the causes by the | international comparisons. This is be-| cause, in spite of the number of inves- | tigations already made, we are still without adequate data and because as yet no two countries estimate their price levels on the same basis or by the same methods. As already indicated, the preliminary | conference itself would entall a com-| paratively small expense, and most of | t would prepare the way could be car- ried out by existing bureaus in this| and other governments as part of their regular work and would require little, if any, additional appropriations for such bureaus. Commission on Industrial Relations. | The extraordinary growth of indus-| try in the past two decades and its| revolutionary changes have raised new | and vital questions as to the relations | between employers and wage earners | which have become matters of press- | ing public concern. These questions have been somewhat obscured by the| One essential part of the proposed in- | words. | and they will necessarily continue to | gation, which in any event cannot long | be postponed. better suited to the mewer conditiona special investigations, of- ficial and unofficial, have revealed con- ditions in more than onme Industry B which have immediately been recog-| nized on all sides as entirely out of harmony with aceepted American standards. It is probable that to a great extent the remedles for these conditlons, so far as the remedies in- volte legislafion, lie in the field of state But such a comprehen- sive inquiry as is necessary to furnish a basis for intélligent action must be | underfaken on natlonal Initiative and must be nation wide in Its scope, In| view of the results that have followed the activities of the federal govern- ment in education, in agriculture and in other flelds which do not lle primar- ily within the fleld of federal legis] tion there can be no serious argument against the propriety or the wisdom of an inquiry by the federal govern- ment into the general conditions of labor in the United States, notwith- standing the fact that some of the remedies will lie with the separate states or even entirely outside the sphere of governmental activity in the hands of private individuals and of voluntary agencles. One legitimate object of such an official investigation and report Is to enlighten and inform public opinion, which of itself will | often induce or coipel the reform of | unjust condltions or the abatement of unreasonable demands. The special investigations that have | been made of recent industrial con- | ditions, whether private or official, have been fragmentary, incomplete and at best only partially representa tive or typical. Their lessons, never- theless, are important, and until some- thing cowprehensive and adequate is available they serve a useful purpose, be made. But unquestionabiy the time i8 now ripe for a searching inquiry | into the subject of industrial relations | which shall be official, authoritative, | balanced and well rounded, such as | only the federal government can suc- cessfully undertake. The present wide- | spread interest in the subject makes this an opportune time for an investi- It should be nonpar- tisan, comprehensive, thorough, pa- ' tient and courageous. There is already available much in- | formation on certain aspects of the | subject in the reports of the federal and state bureaus of labor and in oth- er official and unofficial publications, profound changes in the relations be-} quiry would naturally be to assemble, tween competing producers and pro-| digest and interpret this information | ducers as a class and consumers—in | go far as it bears upon our present in- other words, by the changes which,| qustrial conditions. In addition to among other results, have given rise | this the commission should inguite into | to what is commonly called the trust | the general conditions of labor fn our ‘ problem. The large scale production | principal industrtes, into the existing | tions for the sake of our own comfort characteristic of modern industry, | however, involves the one set of rela- tions no less than the other. Any in- terruption to the normal and peaceful relations between employer and wage | earner involves public discomfort lnd‘f in many cases public disaster. Bnch‘: interruptions become, therefore, quite | as much a matter of public concern as restraint of trade or monopoly. Industrial relations concern the pub: lic for a double reason. We are di rectly interested in the maintenance of peaceful and stable industrial condi- | and well being, but society is equally interested in its sovereign civic eapac- ity in seeing that our institutions are | effectively maintaining justice and fair | dealing between any classes of citizens | whose economic interests may seem to clash. Raflway strikes on such a scale | as has recently been witnessed in France and in England, a strike of | coal mine workers such as we have | more than once witnessed in this coun- | relations between employers and em- ployees in those industries, into the va- rious methods which have been tried for maintaining mutually satisfactory relations between employees and em- | ployers and for avoiding or adjusting trade disputes, and into the scope. methods and resources of federal and | state bureaus of labor and the meth- | | ods by which they might more ade- quately meet the responsibilities which | hrough the work of the commission | above recommended would be mon’ clearly brought to light and defined. Misbranding Imported Goods. My attention has been called to the injustice which is done in this country by the sale of articles in the trade pur- porting to be made in Ireland, when they are not g0 made, and it is suggest- ed that the justice of the enactment of a law which, so far as the jurisdiction of the federal government can go, would prevent a continuance of this misrepresentation to the publle and try and such a wholesale relinquishing | fraud upon those who are entitled to of a public service as that of the street | USe the statement in the sale of their cleaners recently in New York {llus- | 800ds. I think it to be greatly in the trate the serlous danger to public well | Interest of falr dealing, which' ought being and the inadequacy of the exist- | 81WAYS to be encouraged by law, for ing social machinery either to prevent | €Ongress to enact a law making it a such occurrences or to adjust them on | Mmisdemeanor punishable by fine or im- | any equitable and permanent basis | Prisonment to use the mafls or to put after they have arisen. !lnw interstate commerce any articles In spite of the frequency with which | 0f merchandise which bear upon their we are exposed to these dangers and In * face a statement that they have been splte of the absence of provision for dealing with them we continue to as- | sume with easy going confidence that | manufactured in some particular coun- | try when the fact is otherw Building For Public Archives. vance, that will meet these consiantly | somposition were much in favor. One occurring and cleariy foreseeable emer- | uuihor, for example, would compose | | zencies, not a makeshift to tide over a1 | vopgas’ with some particular letter | existing crisis. Net during (he rain- | ,pitved from every stanza. Others storm. but in fair weather, should the would write in suck a way tkat the | paired in each new case somehow or other the | I cannot close this message without parties to the dispute will find some | Inviting the attention of congress agaiu solution which will be agreeable to|to the necessity for the erection of a | themselves and consistent with the pub- | bulldiag to contain the public archives. lle interest. We all see the grave Oh-; The unsatisfactory distribution of rec- | Jections to strikes and lockouts, how- | ords. the iack of any proper index or ever necessary they may be in extreme | guide to their contents, is well known cases, and we are ready to criticise the | to those familiar with the needs of the more extreme phases of the industrial | government in this capital. The land | confiict, such as boycotts and black- | has beeu purchased, and nothing re- lists, but we leave the situation such | mains now hut the erection of a proper that industrial disputes lead Inevitably | building. 1 transmit a letter written | to a state of industrial war in which | by Professor J. Franklin Jameson, di- | these are the only weapons left to the | rector of the department of. historical | two combatants. No more clumsy or | research of the Carnegie institution of | expensive method of determining the | Washington, in which he speaks upon rate of wages and the hours and con- | this subject as a member of a commit- | ditions of labor could well be devised. | tee appoluted by the executive council The sueccessful operation of the Erd- |of the American Historical association man act as between interstate raliroads Bed bring the matter to the attention of and their employees shows how much | the president and congress. WM. H. TAFT. good ean be done by proper legislation. | The White Honse, Feb. 2, 1012, 4 At the moment when the discomforts | & snd dangers incident to industrial strife g are actually feit by the public there is T usnally an outery for the establishment LITERARY FREAKS. ?‘ of s riby he immediate set 3 ) | R#oR0s £ e the immediate set- | o i . gyvies of Compesition That'| tlement of the particular dispute, but Atgused Old Time Writers. what is needed is some gystem, devised | wun manc writers, especlally in by patient and deliberaie study i 30- | ;igen times, various curious styles of | P leaking roof be examined and Te-|jine read the same backward aud for- | ward, and still others made auagrams, | 1t was fashionable st one time to write verses in fanfastic shapes The form of a bottle, 4 giass ot u fan | was imitated, and this was dong by | engthening or shoriening the lines as required, though with sad detriment te the verse. Where tbe design was a bottle a number of short lines would g0 to form the neck; gradually length- ening, the shouider would be formed and then body. There were alsp verses arranged in the form of a pair of gioves, a pair of spectacles, etc. Specimens of this kind of literary frivolity are to be found in French, Spaaish wad Boglish-books of The magnitude and complexity of modern industrial dispotes bave put upon seme of our statutes and our present mechanism for adjusting such | differences—where we ean be said 1o have any mechanism at all-a strain | they were never intended to bear and | for which they are uusnited. What is | urgently needed today is a re-examina- | tion of our laws bearing upon the rela tions of employer and employee and a careful and discriminating serutiny of the various plans which are being tried in several of our own states and in other countries. This would seem to be the first natural step in bringing these relations | bag already done more to i the sixteenth century. { Both In China and Japan such lit- erary feats are held in great esteem even at the present day. In the lat- ter country the poet not infrequently arranges his verses in the shape of & man's head, thus perbaps giving a fa- cial outilne of the subject of his verse, and though the Chinese may not malggy 80 nice a chofce, choosing perhaps & cow or other animal for the desigm, they display greater ingemuity. Among the most curious of all liter- ary freaks are the lpogrammatie ‘works composed by the old Greeks, works in which one letter of the al- phabet is omitted. The “Odyssey” of Tryphiodorus is composed in this way. He had no aipha in his first book, no beta in his second, and 50 on with the subsequent letters one after another. This “Odyssey” was an imitation of the lipogrammatic “Iliad” of Nestor. There was an ode by Pindar where- from he had purposely omitted the let~ ter slgma. This ingenuity became & lterary fad, encouraged even by those who, it might be thought, would be the first to oppose such literary trifling. In Latin there is a work by Fulgen- tius divided into twenty-three chapters according to the order of the tweniy~ three letters of the Latin alphabet. From A to O are still extant. The first chapter 1s without A, the second with- out B, and so on. The Perslans also appear to have been given to this freakish work. There is a story to the effect that a poet read to the celebrated Jami a gazel of his own composition which Jami did not like. The writer contended that it was a very curious sonnet, for the letter alif was not to be found in any one of the To this Jami very appropris ately remarked: “You can do a better thing yet—take away all the letters from the words you have written. The oldest material used for hats is felt, which was in use at the time of the Conquest, while in the Canterbury, Tales a merchant is spoken of as wear- ng “a flaundrish beaver hatte.” Ladies probably did not begin to wear hats until about the tenth century, if so early, and then it was the lofty head dress draped with some material, ‘which it must have been most trying to keep on even indoors andl quite im- possible to wear in a wind. According to the “Anatomy of Abuses,” written in Queen Elizabeth's time, ladies’ hats 'were very nearly as perplexing then as they are today. “The fashions be rare and strange, so is the stuff whereof the hats be made divers also; for some are of silke, some of velvet, some of taf- fettie and some of wool, and which is more curious, some of a certain kind of fine haire, these they call bever hattes, of XX, XXX or XL shilling, price, fetched from beyond the seas, from whence a great sort of other va- rlety do come besides.” In the reign of Henry VIIL hats assumed a ‘‘greate richnesse and beautie,” but in the time of the first James they became even more ornate, jewels of price and occas sionally small mirrors being used in their adornment.—London Spectator. Tomb of Omar Khayyam. Omar Khayyam's tomb at Nishapuy 1s in one wing of the mosque erected in memory of the Moslem saint Imam. zadah Mohammed Mahruk, Although the poet’s prophecy concerning his tomb—that it would be in a place where the north wind would scatter yoses over it—is not literally true, the garden of the mosque is so rich in roses as almost “to make one in love with death” There is no inseription upon the tomb, a simple case made of brick and cement, to tell the story, or even the name, of its occupant, al- though it is well known to be Omar's grave. “Vandal scribblers,” Professor Jackson, who lately visited the spot, says, “have desecrated it with random scrawls and have also scratched their names upon the brown mortar of the | adjoining walls, disclosing the white cement underneath. A stick of wood, a stone and some fragments of shards profaned the top of the sareopbagus when we saw it. There was nething else. It is to be regretted that some of Omar’s admirers in the oceident do not: provide a suitable inscription en the spot to show the renown he enjoys in the west.”—Argonaut. | Passing of the Toligate, The passing today of the old tof gate at the northern entrance to the | city is well worthy of the fireworks, oratory, and general jubilation whick | it has inspired. Strangers entering Baltimore by the Reisterstown road could hardly believe that this was really a city of the fifth order, when a village functionary had first te Jift a bar and demand their pennies be- fore they were permitted fo enter the sacred metropelitan econfines. The good reads wovement, o intelligently urged and fostered by - Governor Crothers and the Democratic party, till lite and enterprise and a mew epirit into the counties of this state than all oth- er movements of recent years com- bined. The passing of the old toil- ‘gate is symbolical of the new order and the larger spirit of enterprise and progr: Baitimore Sun. USSP e vy To Commune With Sphinx. While Uncle Andy takes the stand and tells things, J, P. Mot Aiscrest v goes to Egypt,=8t, m.;- Globe- Democral, "