The New-York Tribune Newspaper, March 2, 1867, Page 4

i e en. Sherman’s surprising and shocking of hier 6,000 soldiers who perished in bat- DEMY OF MUSI AND PROMENA C. o < THIS AFTERNCN DE CONCERT. T WINTER GARDEN. THIS EVENING-MERCHANT OF VENICK Batiude at 1 o'clock Mr. Bdwin Booth. NIBLOS GARDEN ; THIS RVENING- THE BLACK CKOOK Great Parisienne Dalled WALLACK'S THEATER - A DANGY ROUS GAME. Mr. 1. W. Wallack, IS FVENING i A Mr. Lester Wallack, Whiis AFTEKNOON=" OURS." BROADWAY THEATER THI8 EVENING—THE FAIRY CIRCLE; O, COX O'CAIL sl ECONTOM OF THE COUNTRY. Mr and Mra. e Wlisma Matioée at 1} o'clock NEW-YORK THEATKE st PHIS BYENING — KENTLWORTH (Burlesque) — THE PRETTY HOKSK BREAKER. Lady Dou. Math OLYMPIC THEATER. ! (G-STREKTS OF NEW-YORK. MatinGe at 1 0'clock Tills KVEN K ! THEATRE FRANCAIS. THIS RYENING-LA FAMILLE BFNOITON BOWERY THEATER THIS EYENING—THE OCKAN CHILD — ALBERTINE, THE DUMB BOY—THE SANCTUARY. BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSKUM. DAY AKD KVENING—CHRISTIAN MARTYRS-TWO HI ED THOUSAND CURIGAITIES—VAN ANMBURGH'S COLI 10N OF WILD ANIMALS. H NEW-YORK CTRCU R SHOWER—ACRO ANIS EVENING-SPRITE OF THE 81 BATIC AND KQUESTRIAN FEATS. New-York Circus Troupe. Mat Buce al 2} oclock. KELLY & L¥ IS KVENING — CINDER BALLET CROUPE. VAY W RENEAR: SAL OF THE PRILIAR TIIS AFTERNOON MONIC SOCIETY. - TOMORROW EVENING Y SEVENTH SUNDAY CON CENT CRRT. Muine pa. Miss Marie Gilbert, Mr. Ross, Mr. Colby, Theo. Thomas's Orebe " DODWORTH HALL THIS BVENING—M. HAKTZ THE ILLOSIONIST. Proteus, Wioating Head, ete. Matinée at 2 o'clock. G UNION HALL. THIS APTERNOON AND EVENING — BUNYAN TABLEAUX. Corver Tweat;-third st. and Broadway FIFTILAVE RVENING-THE BLAC RACK. Grifin & Chiisty A HOUSK. CROOK—THE GREAT OCRAN ‘o Miust New Acts, Music Dusiness Notices. MERICAN (WALTHAM) WATCHES. THE BEST IN THE W( 3 Sold Evervwhere. A JUREKA BRICK MAciiNg Wnakes 3,000 aplendid Brick per howr, with only nine men and one pair o7 4,320 per howr by steam powwer. Has wo comples machinery €0 b geiting out of order or breaking domen. ~Its great sunplicity aud Jaarvelous power command the approval of every expert, l sight We chiallenge the world to produce its m guar Anwax REQUA No. 141 Broadway, N. Y. Tie Fraxguy Brieg MaciiNe, dw rength, and o presing power, 18 GUAKA o and two borses wolf-teaper tho clay and make bricks per o 3.1, Re Koow “We would wuflering child, go at ovce and procure a bottle of Mus Winstow'y Sooruina Sykor. 1t will relieva the little ous ately, will allay \all pain, softeus the gnms, reduces inflammation, regulates the bowels' and cares wind colie. By relieving the elild from pain, it allows it quiet, and callfor “Mes. Wixs wataral steep, and cowforts the wotber. Be s baviag the fac simile of “ Curis & Prn Xins " on the outside wrappen. All “One cold after anothe titations, securely establish the seeds of Consumption in Those in need of & remedy will find in JAYNE'S KXPROPORANT 00 alwags prompt, thorough and eficacions. Sold everswh if T BeauTivun HAlR—CHEVALIER'S LIFE FORTHE Fam positively restores gray bair to s original and youtbful fheauty ; imparts life and strengih to the weakest bai 'out st ouce; keepa the head clean; is anparalloled hair drassing. 'S0 by all druggists avd fashionable bair-dressers, and st my off 3,123 Broadwar, N. Y. Saman A Cunvarien, M. D. wow's SooruiNG SvRur" hers are hasd Tmitations will, with many con- the syatem. stops ita falling CoLGaTE's HoNey TOILET SOAr. T Soar, in sveh unicersal demand, is made from ANTLY SCKNTED, and ¢ Iy Faney Gools Deal CuroNie Dys The unly positive co xtracted f ORIGINAL Kittatinny Res advertinsmont i another ealumn. Morr's Cremicar Hasir, keops it glossy and from reasing usc. iling out; No. 10 Astor House, and Druggist Pivk ng affection permanent enred. No surgical ope red. The worst casas succsssfully | treatsl. Apply at Dk. A. Urnax's Meodical Office, No. 39 Kast Fourth ql. third door from the Bowerr, and hetweem Bowery asd Broadway durty i Sworkd; Harmless, Relia rown. No disappointment, po ridiculous tints. I Druggists amd Perfumers. somfort and_cure for the RUPTURED. fpostage paid, on receipt Address New York USPENSQRY | ANDAGKS, BUPPORTERS, &C.—=Maksn & Co. al Cure Trus Mice onlv ab No. 2 Vesor-st. Lady sttendant. | ignette, $i }wr dozen; Dup stered. K. A ""'7!’" 160 Chatham- Best! it Beroxr ! Addrow Dr. Fatwrx only, Philade New-Y Eruieric 8. M. Co.s Lock S 3 ackins, No. 543 Broadway. Hlighest premiums Maryland lustitate, | Y. and Peun Stuts F - Toos. snxce 8 M. Co . e A 2 No. 905 Broadway. WheerLeEr & WiLsoN's Lock-Stiten | Burrox-Hovr Macwixe, No. 625 Broaiway & BAker's HIGHEST PREMIUM SEW- , No. 495 Broadway, N. Y Tue Howr MAacHINE Co.s Lock-Stiteh Sk Ao Macuines Erias Howe, jr., (on No. s.u»um. way, N. EWING MacniNe.—Improved Wheel, | — 7NAIVQ som, No. 613 Brow: + WILLCOX & GIBBS SE ®eaum ia leas liabia Lo rip than the lock st Grand Trisl ] Send for samples of bot! P S I R 7. AT T T S T OBITUARY. — AMOR J. WILLIAMSON. Mr. Amor J. Williamson, proprietor of The New- York Dispatch and Tax Commissioner of this city, died in WNow-Orleans on Thursday evening. Mr. Williamson was born in Lancaster County, Pa., pril 10, 1823, and after receiving a limited school e . ion was apprenticed to a printer in Lancaster. He ran mway from this master and found employment for three ears o the Book Concern of the German Reformed Church in Chambersburg. At the age of 13 or 19 he went 'to Philadelphia and thence came to New-York, working at his trade for about three years. In 1845 he founded | ‘The Star newspaper in this city, but it lived only three mber of the same year he joined with g Burns and Watson in the establishnient of The | WNew-York Di fch. Mr. Watson retired after the first rear, and Mr. Burns died in 1550, leaving the business in hands of Mr. Williamson aloue, who managed it with ability and success up to the time of his death. He was wl etor for a time of a weekly paper called The Universe, which was {Imperuun 1 his hands, ®hough it declined after he sold it. In 1845 he was a dele- te to the Buffalo Convention which formed the Free | party, and nomivated Martin Van Buren, and from "that time e was coustantly connected with local polities, having the reputation of a remarkably shrewd party smanager. Ho was Alderman of the Sccond Ward from 2853 to 1855, and since 1855 Las held offico as Commissioner ©of Taxes. He ran for Congress, on the Republican ticket, n 1859, but was defeated by Gen. Siokles, and again in nu,:’ nl-h; mm ;Muu-dc :lyinmuun;ln ro«fli At the e loath hie was Chairman of the Republic: Union Contral Committee. e Mr. Williamson had been suffering from pulmonary for oue or two years, aud iis death was not unex- pal nveator of be Soving M HONORS TO THE REMAINS OF GEN. WARD. BY TRLSGRAPE TO isoun. Swva 8inG, N. Y. March 1.—The remains of G Asron Ward were received here this llwm:n.gn'll: o:::‘y anark of respoct. A comuilittes of the citizens took charge the body at the rallroad dofim and it was conveyed to late n-.d‘e%ool.r The :hum be‘lk.w‘?:n tolied and flags alf mast on & (e re sorrow at his demise. s e THE HON, JOEL LOOMIS, New-LoNDON, Ct., March 1.-The Hon. Joel Loomi agod 94 yoar, died tils morning in this city. He was for: mlz‘ .h f‘uasgot the County Court, and a prominent cit- NAVY GAZETTE. e WY TRLEGRAPE TO THE TRIND) Placed o0 lears for discharge, Acting Rowig g Kasigo M BL. Whasler, Taines Sohlay. Honorably ting Awsistaut Pajmaster to every Mother who has a | | tntional Amendment. | protest unee. | sumers, one of the differen ACWLIOTR MUY ETIDINL, SATURDAY, MARCH 2, 1862, TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. Danry Trimune, Mail Subseribers, $10 per annum. SeMi-WEEKLY TrisuNe, Mail Subscribers, §4 per an WeekLY TRinuN ail Subscribers, §2 per anuum. Advertising Rates Dany TRIBUNE, 20 cents per line. SEMI-WEEKLY TBIBUNE, 2 cents por line. WeEKLY TRIBUNE, $1 50 per line. Terms, cash in ad Address, THE TRIBUNE, T0 CORE SPONDENTS No notice can be taken of Avoayimous Communications intended for insartion must be autheaticated by the oa of Abe writer—not necessarily for publication, but a8 & guaranty for his good fith, All busivess letters for thls of unE New York We cavaet undertake to return rejected Communications B Whatever is od address uld be addressad to * Tuw Trin ve" A letter on Life in Washington, from our ial correspondent, and the Money Article and speet A(lm/.n-ts willbe found on the second page. There is good reason to hope that the Loan Dbill may fail to become a law, and that the inflationists will be ehecked for the present. On the sccond page will be found a third Jetter from our special correspondent at Wash- ington, with a photograph of the House and ts of not a few of its members. le of Ohio has been nominated ancus for President of the Senate from ch 4 by a vote of 22 to 7 for Mr. Fessenden. Mr. Wade will be clegted and assume his duties on Monday. e Senator V in a Republic: The beauty and success of the great ball at the Academy of Music are fully set forth in our report this morning. The Opera House could not have been more brilliantly introduced to the world of fashion and art, and Mr. Max Maretzek, to whose energy the early completion of the house is to no small extent due, has added other laurels to those so well won in his long career as manager in the metropolis. e The majority of the Committee of the Mas- sachusetts House of Representatives have re- ported against the ratification of the Consti- A minority submits ratification under protest, decla chusetts does not recognize the the franchise by nd wants no reor- universal resolution of ing that Mas right of any State to abrid reason of*race or color, ganization except the suffrage. on basis of B — Aw important bill to regulate the building and management tenement-houses in this City and Brooklyn was ssterday introduced in the Legislature by Mr. Keady. We print a full summary of its sections, which provide for the observanee of sanitary laws, the convenience aud safety of tenants, nd for the general supervision of such houses by the Board of Health. The act is intended to take effec July 1, and it, or some other no less strin is urgently needed, and should be pressed early casy escape in case of fire ! to a passage. ——— The city railway struggle in the Legislature may be said to have begun yesterday with three reports from the Senate Railroad Com- mittee—one favorable, two adv verse reports were disagreed to, and the three bills went together to Committee of the Whole, Their progress and fate we expect to watch with an impartial euriosity, being irous that anxious above all things that it should give us some road. We can stand anything but an- other surface railw Against that we mean to singly The Tax bill was further amended in the Senate yesterday, the most important chango being the reduction of the tax on cotton to two cents per pound. The gas companics were un- justly authorized to add their tax to the con- between the two g branchies of Congress in which the House, bein right, ghould insist upon having its - An important section in regard to turpentine was stricken from the bill. An ineffectual at- tempt was made to reduce the tax on whisky to #1 50 and $1, the voto being 14 Yeas to 23 Nays. The Senate has wisely added little to the free list, and taken something from it. There was some talk in the Senate yesterday about the Tariff, but it came to nothing, and the bill was laid aside. The result is one of the cur es of legislation, one of the in- stances in which a minority proves itself | stronger than a majority, in which the known will of the people is defied by their representatives, and in which un- scrupnlous opposition outwits the cleyerness of the friends of an lhonest measn or conquers their patience. The F¥ree Traders exult over this as an evidence that their canse is gaining strength. They know better. They know there is a majority in either Houso for the Tariff. They know that Free Trade has won a triumph more disgraceful than any de- feat could be. And they well know that this momentary success of the enemies of American Industry will be turned into a vietory for its friends’ side, just so soon as the XLth Congress can deal with the subject of the riff. The bill to admit Colorado as a State was yesterday defeated in the Senate, receiving 29 yeas to 19 nays, and requiring a two-thirds vote to pass. jury not only to Colorado, but to the country generally, for the ewil inflicted upon the peo- ple of that Territory cannot be limited to them alone. Colorado is one of the richest of the Territories, will be this year reached by the Northern Pacific Railroad, and increases with amazing rapidity in population. The citizens have orgamized a State Government, elected members of Congress, and demanded of that body their recognition as a State, as essential to their prosperity and justified by their con- dition. We deplore the refusal of the Senate to yield to their desire, and hope that the XLth Congress will speedily reverse this unwelcome and impolitic decision. The vote was nearly two-thirds—three more ballots in the affiima- tive would have carried the bill. bSlcrmpig = - The Deficiency bill was considered in the House yesterday, and its appropriations some- wlhn! cut down, the total amount being in the bill a8 reported £11,500,000. The House con- cluded that the bronze doors for the Capitol were neither useful nor ornamental, and struck out the appfoptiation to pay for them. Anamend- ment giving $20,000 to pay the expenses of the Commission to investigate the Indian massacros was rajected, the debate turning We hold this failure to be an in- | the Legislature shall give us the best road, but | upon declaration that the “cxtermination of the “Sioux, men, women, and children,” was the only policy the United States could Psafely adopt. We shall spare comment on this, ex- cept to say that continual war for twenty years to come with the Indians would be more humane than systematic slaughter of women and child- ren by United States soldicrs. Another in- teresting part of the debate was upon the ap- propriation of §50,000 to aid Colonization, Messrs Thayer, Kelly, Grinnell, and others foreibly ex- posing the failure of the Colonization sehemis to get rid of the negrocs, and the folly of renewing them whilo the demand for their labor is greater than the supply. ——— THE ATTACK ON THE CONVENTION. Our Albany correspondent says that greater progress would have been | made with tho Constitutional Convention bill in the As- sembly yesterday, had it not been for the op- ponents of the plan for clecting 32 delegates at large. This is one of the disereditable facts that we have been compelled to com- ment on for many days. Had it not been for the opposition to the Littlejohn amend- ment the bill would have been long ago passed, and would now be a law. The gentlo- men who do not like that amendment, in order to defeat it, seem to be ready to kill the bill. Messts. D. I Wood, Hiscock, Parker, and Henry Smith are among the number who ap- parently would rather have no Convention than such o one as the people want, and Mr. ith is actually willing to postpone the Dbill to the T1st of April! In what school have Mr. Smith and his colleagues studied legislation The thir- teenth article of the Constitution provides that “the Legislature shall provide by law “for the eloction of delegates,” and the mandate is not to bo disobeyed. The minority, who are doing all in their power to baffle the wishes of the people, may study the Constitution with advantage, and must be made to remember that post- nt of such an important measure to the last days of the session is a plain neglect or a wilful distegard of their duty. It appears the opponents of the Littlejohn amendment are afraid to consent toa vote upon it, knowing that its certain passage wonld change the vole of the Senate against the plan for 32 delegates at large. Theso captions gentlemen should know that, with the certainty that the majority of the country is in favor of the plan, they have no right to persevere in opposing it and risking the defeat of the bill. We do not desire the passage of a bill haatily patched up by a compromise on the last day of the ses- sion, and warn the Representatives who consent to such an arrangement that they testing the patience and imperiling the sts of their constituents, Fortunately, Mr. Littlejohn's encrgy in the evening session defeated hus opponents, and the bill rece important amendment, and was at 1} o' this morning pushed to a third reading. May this victory be the prelude to perfect trinmph. ——— THE BANKRUPT LAW. The Committee of Conference on the Bank- rupt bill have had the good sense and intelli- genee to agree on a report, and the House, we are glad to say, adopted the report yesterday v vote of T3to 7. There was a good of filibustering, which was finally checked by an admonition from the Speaker, for which he is entitled to thanks. longer any doubt that this bill is to become a law. We trust it will prove so wise and 50 per- feet in its provisions that it will never require to be overthrown. We do not want a Bank- rupt law enacted for an emergency. We want one to stand always upon the statute And once fairly there, the ponemes int hook. established arguments for its repeal would gradually, “:uui even rapidly, wear awa The objee- tion to any new law being that it does { | | eruel oppessio injustice by creating relations between debtor which did not exist at the period engagements between them were en- tored into. This is really the most for of all the sond which the present law has had to encounter. And though the war made us used to the repudiation of contracts, by m of the Legal Tender act, which worked infinitely more injustice there is a strong latent sentiment against inter- ference with all private contracts, even where nt leads to a pernicious and It is a relic of the old bar- barism of imprisonment for debt, which in- cites the creditor to hold his grasp upon the poor debtor, even where his chance of wringing anything from him is well nigh hopeless. It is a spirit which ought to be ex- tirpated, and which a good Bankrupt law will do much to destroy. Under the more en- H their enforee | lightened reign of modern ideas, it 13 to be hoped we shall soon come to the unequivocal | adoption of the only sound rule on this sub- ject—that is, to regard debt wholly as an honorary obligation. We know nothing that would have a more healthful influence upon onur deleterions eredit system than to place all debts on the basis of personal honor. CONNECTICUT. The Republican Union State Committee of Connecticut have issned an address to she people worthy to be the text of the campaign. It 8o clearly defines the principles and pur- poses of the Republican party and the claims | of its candidates, that it should be placed in the hands of every voter in the State. The disgraceful ord of the Democracy is briefly stated, and shown to be fully indorsed by its present platform in the State. We take this | address as an earnest that the Republicans of Connecticut intend to make this sanvass per- manently settle the political future of the State; that they resolve to end all doubt of its fidelity to the cause of Freedom by polling their full vote on April 1, and that they will work to elect Gen. Hawley, their te ticket, and four Congressmen, by majoritics which will kill the Democratic party as completely as it has been killed in Vermont. We presume the Democrats will make their usual attempt to elect their ticket upon half-a- dozen platforms, and that votes will be sought for Mr. English on the ground that he went with the “War Democrats” in Congress for certain loyal measures. But he is the candidate of a party that since 1861 never voted for a single loyal measure, and has been conspicuous in Connecticut for its advocacy of everything that could serve rebellion and injure the Union. He is nominated by the party that adopted Thomas H. Seymour as its leader, choosing him as the open apolbgist for tréason, and the worst foe the Republic had in the State. That party is now precisely what it was when it declured the war for the Union a failure, and _whun its leading orators were wont to describe it as an outrage on the rights of the Southern States, and Mr. English is its candidate. Te vote for him is to yoto against the war record of Connecticut, and Lo iusult the memo- any Bankrupt law can, | tle for their country. And should Mr. English be elected, the disloyal party with which he now proclaims his full sympathy would rule Connecticut, and Scymour, Toucey, and their allics be as certainly placed in power as if they had been again run upon the Demo- eratic ticket. No man who has intelligence enough to cipher in simple addition can mis- take Mr. Englisl’s position as tho representa- tive of the worst party that cver disgraced this country. e———— PROPOSED DIPLOMATIC REFORM. The Senate Committee on Forcign Relations baving their attention turned to changes in the rank of our diplomatists, we commend them to an exhaustive examination of the whole subject. It never seems to have occurred to them, nor to our legislators generally, that the United States have really no placo in the diplo- matic system of Kurope. That system is onc catablished to guard and protect tho relative interests of European powers among them- selves. Surope is perpetually undergoing changes which disturh the balance of power among its peoples and potentates. One power is losing, or another gaining, or a third hang- ing its conditions, almost constautly. The diplo- matists are the picket-guard on watch for theso alterations and changes, both actual and threat- oned, and whose business it is to report daily to headquarters. This givea them occupation, often interesting, and sometimes important. They thus become a body, which, though in some sense composed of rivals, is nevertheless a harmonious body in the main, and, from iden- tity . pursuit, has a strong fecling of esprit du corps. Then the law of their organization changes the individual members from country to country, and in so doing widens their experi- ence, enlarges their knowledge, and makes them familiar with one another. Thus the body ac- quires a homogeneity of character. The diplo- matist is a gentlemen who lives and dies in his profession. He knows it in gross, and ho knows it in detail. He enters it before the mast, climbs to be Captain, and dies an Admiral. Wao sco in this what European diplomacy means, and is. It is a profession ; and it means a watchful care of small, sometimes great, in- ternational interests; an observation of local movements and sche which are seldom so isolated in their effects as not to impinge on outside relationships. Diplomatists are the guardians of little treaty stipulations, trading arrangements, political movements, small com- plaints and rival designs, growing out of ¢ tiguous possessions, old agreements, new reconstructions; all arising from the family character of European interests. Europe is property possessed by certain great families; and these are the stewards who look after the general business of their principals, the ne yances, the line fences, the trespassers, those who threaten to trespass, the suits, and | those influences, insidious and otherwise, which sometimes generate great and involantary changes. From this imperfect sketch, it is apparent | that the United States do not belong, natu- rally, to the European diplomatic system any more than China does, excepting in our com- mercial relationships, and © mostly these We hope there is no | L ence in their duties—duties which of such a light and | managed by Consuls, whose peen provinee | they are. Comparatively speaking, then, our diplomatists in Euroy ymmon with the European bod ordinary cireumstances, are a mparatively idle body, and a useless body. The ten thous- and little affairs which direetly and indirectly oceupy and interest the European diplomatis are of not the slightest concern to the Amer- n Envoy, as they have no bearing, near or ste, upon American interests, The conclusion is, that the rules which apply to the diplomatic profession in Europe have no | application to us, or our body of diplomatist We publiely r ze this in the fact th this country diplomacy is not made a career as it is there. Our diplomatists are not grown, they are made—sometimes out of whole cloth, often out of wood, sometimes out of putty or poor elay. Such as they are—good, bad and | indifferent —they are projected Juropean courts full grown, without practice or experi- \ppily, gene that there is seldom any balk in discharging them. These representatives thus spring into being, wmin visible a while, and then disappear from their orbits forever. But while this is the s, wo preserve the traditions of European | diplomacy, that to such and sueh Court there must be such and such a Kind of Minis- | ter. With European powers, there 1s an excel- lent reason for this, as we may sce from the organization of the Diplomatic serviee among them. There are the subordinates, and there | are the chiefs of a regular profession, and the | opportunitics of promotion must be preserved, or the system would break down, and it is essential it shonld not break down. But with us these considerations have no weight. As a matter of fact, our Government is under no constraint on the subject, and may do precisely as it likes in 1l to the quality of the representative it deputes to any European court. It is thus we come to the conclusion that it would be wise to reor; our diplomatie service on the basis of sending H ont to perform it only those who are necessary to discharge its plain and limited duties, And E | 0 have and, under we hold that, with few exceptions, we require nothing but Chargés des Affaires at the Euro- pean courts ; and that one of these is suf t | for two or three places, even where we now maintain Ministers at We could not, on au instant’s notice, venture | to say positively just what the necessities of | I case demsnded; but in the general we | think we see very plainly where some usefnl | reforms could be instituted. Perhaps we need ! a full mission to England, and at least a rvesi- dent minister in Paris. But we know no reas m why our interests in Spain and Portugal should | not be united and committed to the ecare of a | single Chargé des Affaires. We think that Austria and Switzerland would be well served by | a similar arrangement, and Italy and Rome by | another like it. Certainly a Chargé foxr Con- | stantinople and the East would be ample, as it would be likewise for Belgium and Holland. | Perhaps we shonld require a Resident Minister at Berlin and another at St. Petersburg; but nobody could say that Denmark and Sweden could demand anything more than a Chargé des Affaives between them, We offer these suggestions for the consider- | ation of the Senate Committee on Foreign Re- lations, and commend them to their serious at- tention. While those gentlemen appear to be for increasing the rank, and of course the pay, of onr representatives in Europe, at least in one instance, we are for diminishing them. Some of the members of that committee be- long to the progressive school; and we should be glad to see them progress in the right di- rection, on the subject which we have now ventured to call to their notice. They have an excellent opportunity to distinguish themsolves by a roform buged on tho ideas we Laye thrown little or nothing | Leome the diffieulties expe out, which we doubt not would .mmnl livclicat approbation of the public. sttt HANGING. Three capital exeeutions are reported in our columns to-day—that is, three more instances of the barbarism of our laws, which commit the monstrous anomaly of author- izing homicide in order to prevent it. Men may argue as they please on the necessity of hanging, but it is impossiblo to prove that it is of any effect in preventing crime. ‘T'he proof is perfect the other way. In those States wherein the death pemalty is abolished, the number of murders is less in proportion than in those where it Public executions especially, is legalized. encourage murder by familiarizing vulgar and B et hrown some additional light on the queries wo have propounded, they will be perfectly safe in leaving the existing tax on cotton to stand it is. X NEW-YORK MEDICAL COLL. N 4 LLEGE FOR WOMEN. COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES, Perhaps it was the unpleasant weathe have been the brilliant attraction at the Academy on thy next corner ; possibly, a public inditfegence on the sub. Jeet of medical edvcation for women; butone or all of these causcs, or some other circumstance equally dig couraging, prevented the attendance of a very large ay dience at Stoinway Hall last evening, on_the occaston of the Fourth Aunual Commencement of the Now-York Medical College forWomen. Yet the body of the houss way tolerably well filled, and the sympathy of thoss who wem present with the object of the institution was und Tho choir of Dr. Osgood’s church supplied the for the evening, and_after an anthem, prayer, and of the Dean, Mrs. C. 8, Lozier, M. D., the following ates received diplomas at the hand of the Kev. Dy brutal minds with death in ifs most horrible form, and we know that many executions of criminals have Dbeen more revelting than the murders they were meant to avenge. langing cannot be justified upon the argument that justifics war, for between equal powers there may be mo arbiter but force; and the final appeal between nations i to arms. But in the death penalty Society is confronted with the in- dividual; a nation takes the life of one miserable, helpless man. To Kill the offender is to confess that laws cannot restrain or reclaim him; that Christianity itself is a golden rule for the good, but that for the bad we must return to Barbar- ism. Every exccution makes the death penalty more loathsome, and hastens the day of its abolition. IHanging belongs to the dark ages; it is anti-humane, anti-christian,—the instinets of humanity shrink from it, the judgment of the wise condemus it ; it is a blot upon our civilzation, a bar to our progress, a disgrace to our religion. The horror of the secnes we detail to-day, the dead men, strangled in the light of day, cannot be fully apprecinted by us, for no people ever thoroughly felt their own barbar- ism, but another generation will read with wonder that such deeds were done in a Chris- tian land, and upon the insulting pretense of sorving Humanity and Religion. THE COTTON TAX. voted to reduce the The Sexate yesterds Cotton tax one cent a pound. This is an in- comprehensible movement. Because when you drop the imaginary principle which requires you not to tax the article at all, and make it a question of simply how much tax the article will bear, there would seem to be no reason whatever for diminishing the existing tax. We can understand why, in this view, it should be raised, but know no reason at all why it should | bo reduced. It needs no claborate exposition to show that of all our products nothing can more easily bear a tax than cotton. It is easy to raise, and the profits of raising, at pres- ent pri are enormous. Under peace and | specie payments, there was no agricultur I oc- ation so profitable as raising the ordinary fe of cotton at ten eents a pound. We suppose no competent authority will deny this. It was a price perfectly satisfactory to the | planter. With gold at 50 per cent. premium, which is more than its average for the last year or two, 15 cents is thus ample remunera- tion now to the cotton-grower. Now what does he get? What has he been geting? The price of average cotton now is 32 to 34 cents. Six months ago it was about the same. A year ago it was 45 to 50. Is there not in any of these figures ample gin for a tax? Tak- ing them as a basis, what more profitable em- ployment can there be than 1aising cotton and | paying the existing tax of 3 cents per pound on it? Hundreds and thousands of enter- prising people from the North embarked with alacrity in the business of raising it last ason. The season was bad, and the crops poor in many districts, and in such instanees disap- pointment and sometimes loas was the result. But with all these draw s the cotton-raisers, take them in a body, realized an immense suecess; the value of the 2,000,000 bales made in 1866 bringing as many, or nearly as many, hard dollars, as a crop of 5,000,000 bales did before the war, 1l We say, then, that the inducements to em- bark in cotton 1z for the present and fu- ture years have not slackened under experi- enee. here is nothing in the tax to hinder the most vivacious efforts to engage in its cul- ture. The fact that we had a bad cotton sea- son instead of Dbeing a discourage- ment, arded as promising a good crop this, in view of the uniformity of the suceessful experience of the country in culti- vating this great staple. Until, therefore, we come to the point where we see that cotton- ising is shunned as a hazardous pursuit, or regarded with distrust, threatening to check production, we protest against the statesman- ship which proposes to relieve such a great and prosperous intevest of its share of the burdens which must be imposed upon the in dustry of the country. We the best cotton in the world, and a kind which the spinners and weavers must have inorder to make their other sto available. India cotton is only worked to advantage by 5 mixing it with American, and the biting experi- o ars was wholly unable to over- need by English spinners in working India cotton by itself. This is well illustrated by the story told of a r clergyman, who was praying, dur- ence of five yi Manches ¢ ing our war, for an increase in the supply of | stton. In the warmth and nrgeney of his ings, he for a moment forgot himsell, claimed, “ But O Lord, no more Surat ! English capitalists, goaded by the most power- ful influences, did their best to increase and improve the Indian eulture. But in spite of all their endeavors, Surat cotton would be Surat | cotton ; and the manufacturers both in and out of the pulpit were agonized by the want of the u article. under these eirenmstances that the n producer réapy in the field. His mticle is eagerly sought for over all others, and at much higher prices than others. He enters the market, not in pursnit of buyers, for the buyers are in pursuit of i, And 50 long as he has a bale to sell, they will buy of him instead of his rivals, And the first ques- tion, the answer to which is necessary to de- termine the amount of tax his product will bear, i3: What i3 the natural difference in price between American cotton and foreign- grown cotton? And the second answer required i to the que How much American cotton must be raised before the demand will be so fully supplied that there will be any material fall of prices? And the third is, when the fall does eome, who of the producers is goiug to cease 1aising cotton first; the India, the Turk- ish, the Egyptian, the Brazilian planters, who failed to supply the market when it was half a dollar or & dollar a pound, or the American producer, who alwaysmade money when it was ten cents? We commend these views to Congress, and suggost that, until (ime aud exporionco have 'S Burchard, President for the eveuing: Mra. Alice J Camp. bell, Mrs. Fanny R. Coddington, Miss Mary H. B Mrs. Gertrude Hamwmond, Mrs. N. M. Miller, M. 4 F. Platt, Miss E. J. Plerce, and Mrs. Orsena Fowler of Now-York, and Mrs. Emily H. 8torr of Canada, The address was made by Prof, Willis, of the Fy Fourteen hundred years ago, he said, & woman, givige seope to her womanly nature, devoted herself to the fng art, winning for herself not ouly fame and hotor, by martyrdom as well. From that time to this woman given proof of her ability to walk the ruuu Whish custom had until then " forbidden: and tho speake citod n rous instanees in Bich woman hag excelled in various departments of arts sid sciengs, Ho said that two bundred fomale physicigng are now practicing in the cities of the United States some of them with Incomes of §10,000 or more per There is nothing to Krwent wowan from becomin, thing she may wish to be,or galning any post which she may aspire, in science, arts, or guvernment, jf sho only has op{;flfllmll‘. 8ho will do well what men gy bunglingl vo make the laws, but our feot logisfation shows that we need a new power in d that power lies inthe hand of w ne opportunity to work, and she will herself (o her work. A woman may conduct a farm, bup it is not necessary that she should plow. Let hor gy what she likes best, and she wilt do what suity her best. Because o woman i8 a physician, doca mnot follow that ehe sball find pl in the amputation of llmbs; yet he had an important and delicate surgical operation perforued by a woman with a tact and steadiness which but fey. men could command. He knew of one female physicay of this had removed 109 tUImMOrs—an eX perisny froy strong men would shrink—and she sty nly delicacy characteristio of b Tigh compliment to the m ating class, m{lng,(hal with sneg. knowledg 00ls and scholass, he hag never seon excelled the earnest purpose, porssveranes, and devotion to study exhibited by this class. Mrs. 8. L. Kilborn, also of the faculty, after complaig. ing that Professor Willis had said all the good things s intended to say, made some very pleasant and spiriieg remarks upon the duty of educating women to the med. feal profession. They are natural doctors. The kit chuld feeds ita sick doll with a spoon, the four-year gif dootors the baby, and the woman doctors the Lo We quote from The Atlantic Monihly . * Tiey wouid by cither educated practitioners, or indifferent quactitiy. ors,” and it was for the community to docide whiel should be. This served a8 a text for few hints on thy Imrpm’t‘nf giving in aid of the New-York Madical Gol, ego for Women. Mrs. Miller of this city gave the valedictory ad which she laid claim to 1o favor for 1..A,3,;‘£:: manded ouly jistice. A poem by George Lausing Talo, 80 thickly studded with classic names as t suggest § ward voting list of the ancients, but a creditable produe. tion notwithstanding, followed. Then speeches, pring. cipally brief and pertinent, “but ail agreing upon the necessity of medical education for womes, were mado by the Rev. Messrs. Frothingham, Blanchard and Armit and R. H. Chittenden, esq. Dr. Armitags mado interesting statement that a subscription of $10,0m had been made by a certain person toward the of poor women and children may be at. tended by female physicians. The Rev. Dr. Burchard woon afterward announced that the liberal dosor was Mrs. C. 8. Lozier, M. D., Dean of the Colloge—as sa- pent which waa tumultuously applanded. There have boen during the year 25 studeats, 17 reguls t , and 11 graduates, After the exerc wers conclnded, Mra Lozior wa presented with photographs of tho graduating clas wlegantly colored and frame —_— THE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE. eV ek COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES—NAMES OF Tilk GRADUATES —~DISTRIBUTION OF PRUZES The annnal commencoment of the Medical Departe ment connected with the University of New-York took place yost evening at the University building, oppe site Washington Parade Ground. There was a largs at idance, the softer sex being well reprosonted Chancellor Ferris presided, and he was assisted in his duties by the following-named gont smpriso the Faculty of the Medical I P Ftmont o w-¥ork University: Martin I LD, LLD, Profeasor Materia Madica and Therapeutics; Joha W, r, M. D., LL.D., Professor of Physiology and of the Faculty; Alfred C. Post, M. of Surgery; Charles A. Budd, M D, Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Chil- hn C. Draper, M. D., Professor of Cliemnatry, Al- M. D., or of Inatitutes and Wil D., Professor of who Profe m Darling, M. D. Demoustrator of As- Henry r [ Anatom atomy an £ M. 1., Professor of Physiolo Faculty; D. B. St. J. Roosa, Draper, and y of the . Clinical Profassor of Abraham Jacobt, M. D, Discases of the Eye and i Clinical Discases of Children; F. D. Weisi, M. D, Clin Professor of Diseases of the Skin. Sub- i 13 & list of the graduates (seventy-five in numbes) 1o session of 1566- oo, NY P L o brad Bob : Samuel Ay e V. G. Branscomb, Mass. , F. ¢ N.J.. WM. Cannon, P ;3. M. Cla i T B Dawher, N.J.; W % ; J. Denniston, N. Y., D v V. Ferris, Costa Ries H. D, Grindie, N. ¥.; K. Yolvayan, 8y N Y.: W. Hester, Ala.: G. B. fleydon, H. C. Houghton, fw( G. V. Hadson, M. Jobuston, N C. K A KuizBt, N W, P R. Kniche, N. N. Ku'inrean, ; R H. Lansdale, Oregou; D. B AMachesn, O K. H. R Macomber, Mass . B R Martices, W L L. C. Mitchell, N.Y.; J. W. MeA Oregou; M. M. MeDouald, N V. P J. O'Malier, N. ¥ H. Pu )y s F. J. Randall, N. Y.; A A | N Y.; H_ Rickaby, N. Y.; A M. um’{ N B: R I Re iuson, N. Y.: W. F. Sanford, Conff; B A" 8 sony Love, . A Als; F.. Segre. ‘osta Rica: N. M. Shafler, KX Y K. Sherman, J 3 S N A W, Sten N V. 1D, ¥ W, s NI W, R Thorn, Pa.; D.D. Toal N Y.; H €. Walke roer, N. Y.; J. B. Webster, Md ; B. Wiison, N. 403 ed recipionts of Certificates of Honor for nded a fuller course of instruction tian thab bened . Burn, N. C.; P, A Callan, ¥.J., W.J 0. N. B J W. Ferris, N. Y. feJ. Flores, Cow'a Ry, H D, o, XY Wia. Hester! Ala.¢ 37 C. Howe, N B.; G V. liwkeon, N. C; P J. O'Malley T, Loarey. L G. B Sherman, Cal DD Toal, Y.; C. Walkup, N. . prizes were distributed as follows: Mott medals d by will of the late Valentine Mott, M. D., ne C. Rogers of Minnesota, was awarded the r the best anatomical prepa nedict of New-York, received the silver the same studizs, and 1. Jolinston, " s A B Sturges, the bronze 'n to Charles Inches of New-Bruns- tt of leotures of one of the profession. res: First, Twl mortem case of instruments for the best report of Professor Loomns's Clinfe for the soxsion Just closed, to Wi, A. Johnson of N.C. 2d. Pocket wse of instruments for aecond best report of samao da- cription to Jas, T, Learcy of Ala. Budd prize cases of ob- stetric instruments for hést examinations in Obstetrics to Juan de J. Floves of Costa Rica, aud Wi, H. Johnson of N.C. Roosa prize for best report of Prof. Roosa’s Clinie s £ Al Welao prio for best ite of Va. Buttle ectures 1o Charl . N. B. of the @ raduates and adjourned to the corner of Seventeonth- adway, where the class nurp&r was partakon e, and the whole affair wis wost sont. ——— BROOKLYN NEWS. prize for be ———— Tur Wiisky FraUps 1N BrookryN.—The casaof the United States against certain distillery property ed in Junuary last, and claimed by one James Lynch, has been on trial before Judge Benedict of the United States Circuit, Brooklyn, for two days past. The property seized was valued at 0. Aftera thorongh fuvestiga- of the ease the Jury last evening returned a verdict rof the Government dist2llery of J. D. Dunloy, at the corner of Flush- 1 Uxford.st., Brooklyn, was seized yestonlay 3 sllector Didley and’Inspector Cochen. M. | Duy wecused of falsely branding the spirits manu- factured by him. Eight barrels of whisky wers soized, and the establishment placed under the supervision of the United States officlals. o —— Fies 1§ FEBrUARY.—Fire-Marshal Lawrenco of Brooklyn states that the losses by five during the month ¢ W Number of fires—Forty. Forty-third, 4; For'y: 7 ¥orty sevanth, The losses were 22500, ——— Excisk.—Maria Hodgson, a woman living at No. 203 Jay-st., Brooklyn, was yesterday brought up before Judge Cornwell and tined $30 for a violatiou of the Exeisa law by sellivg lquor without a license. John Doscler, & liquor-dealer at the corner of Bedford-ave. and Madison- at., was brought before Judge Cornwell and fived £ yes- h:rdu{ hrn- ;ell'llug Xéqmna v)v'nlmlul # license. D. corner of Nostrand an e-aves, was urrestod held for trial on & charge of keop n J= s eeping hus bar ope! midnight. Jawes Joyes and N, n?.'m T, two ph)-:wo- Fort Hammlton, were arrested for selling liquor to without u license. They were held for futiure trial Tup HoBOKEN FERRY INVESTIGATION,—The Joiud Committee of the New-Jersey Legislature vistted ho Hoboken ferries, on the Jersey side, ye the lerr{-hm '8, boats, &et. It is not clu?lon h:y cn;nu to.‘n«b:(. unl- ox oarly next week. [ ceut{y held at the Astor H take ln:q oom the condution of (e umi":\»..? iaa bosn the ing of the legal services o« John N. Whiting as for the peopls nst lari'rry The ¥ mittes appointed at %as above mention: meot at the office ot Bradley & Howe, Monday, Magol 4, at 4 o'clock p. w, =