The New-York Tribune Newspaper, January 1, 1867, Page 4

THIS EVENING-THE B Troupe. WINTER THIS EVEN APOSTA CLIO. Nir. BROADWAY THE THIS EVENING—THE VICTINS Mr Jolo E. Oweos. t 1y o'clock YAMIY BALLET. MPIC THEA HUGUENU THIS EVENING—THE AIN~Mr. Charles Barron. g i . LD BOWERY TH R H THIS AFTE! AND EVENING—THE RAG WOMAN AND ER DOGS, &e Miss Fauny lerring. Afiersoon st o'clock. A SRICAN. MUSEUM. DAY AND EVE ROBINSON CEUSOE. Mr. €. W. Clarhe and a full company. TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND CURIOSITIES— VAN AMBUKGH'S COLLECTION OF WILD ANIMALS. James E. Matinéo | | L~ LEON.—THE GRa™ KELLY IN CLINTOS HALL. THIS EVENING—Mr. VALENTINE VOUSDEN MENT. FIFTH AVENL Y & Magcus, JRwRLERS AND SILVERSMITHS, No. 22 Johu-st,, N. Y., Reepecttully foform the pubiic that thes have ndded 0 tha. swgk of rich JewkLky and SILYEKWARE & superh assortmert of the Goauax MANUPACTURING CONPANY SILTEK-PLATKD WAKR. This ware is the first of 13 & ed fu this country, and s destined to surpass any male by u of Birmingham, Dixon of Sheffield, or Christofe of Iu quality of metal and platiog, variety of eiegaot designs aud Suish, we commend it to s favorable coa- sideration. To prevent imposition, all art hear their trade mark thus: NN, e in being the iutroducers of these goods, a8 & refued taste, to whose good o perfact harmony with the beautiful arts 1l our prodactions of jewelry as well & Co, SiLyRrsMiTHS, New-York, Have made an arrangement vith ¢ GORMAN MANUPACTURING CONMPANY, of Providence, For a full supply of the i D WARE, R e <4 any other house in the country. VERWARE, DiAMoxps, FiNg Jew- CELEBRATED GO &) @IANATO, OFFICER IN THE ARMY.— # At inspection I noticed that & large pr ion of the men's knapsacks eoatained & box of Trockes, being geuerally used by them for Colds, ete., Broww's BaoscuiaL Trocses should be used upongie rst appearance of & Cald or Cough, which by neglect may term aste in some incurable Lausg Disease. Pry 0. K. SoAP, SALERATUS, AND Criaw TARTAR. Gray the fuest Horins T inu!m Meerschann is bought at Ruri's No. 415 Broome- A FiNkL €0 CLERGY MEN—, Beud for circular, No. 857 Frox Revensible Feed Srwine-MAc 2 the world Frokexo 8 M. Co,, 500 Browdway. No. per dozen; Duplicates, $ xwis, No. 160 Y the only perfuct dra—black or Geolne sigued Wi A Baxpacrs St Office 'mlyAll HoLinay CRARITY, — W HEELER & @25 Broadwny.__ Tue How 56 Macmves. esident, No. 639 Brow The_Best HoLipay Pi kE PIL s PiLe INSTRUMENT. ut by wail on receipt of #4. 4 ev »x; where. Address ¢ Positivels cores Clrculars free. J.B. Rowmarse, one of the wost desi nese. Balisfactory reasous giv CRISTADORO factured. - —[* Judges' decisior LS e teers Brevet Lieut.-Col. George W. Chandier, " . v, from Co. B to Battery ¥, i without delay, Pirst-Lieut. FL. ¥. Brewerton, Brevet 5t Artillery, aod will Join bis IS Brevet Col. . W. Kirklacd 8. Army, s ondered to dutios of Acting Chief of Commissary Departwent of Califordia. oo g o ity NAYVY GAZETTE. s BY TKLBGRAPE TO THE TRIBU CTACHED, Dec. 24 —Acting Ensign W: rd, from duty at Leagne Islazd, Pa., aad placed oa sick v OF RESPECT. superintendents and ned on Mon- RESOLUTIO At a meeting of the officers clerks of the New-York Post-Office, day, December 31, for the purpose of 1 suitable ac- tion in to the recent h of Mr. rge A. Kel: lmfer. 1 Assistant Supe dent of the Foreign ,l:“t:r Department of the 3 A vk Post-Office, the fol- g preamble and resolutions were unanimousl a00pted and ordered tobe published : v , The recest death of our c. i, ore, “Resolved, That by bis demise we—iho have, during & loag & ith i, dally fousd reason to ecord L our erteem 1 & come onr adwiration aud_regend sy s ‘oocial compenion and & fithiul friend-have expericnced & = Jhick we cannot contewplate without 8 prif which the recallection of v ual wd which, s mtar amiable gual en, snd which, we fee: sure, to i by nearer L. Jmupol the sacreducss of eey! bl f the utter hed amor us. Wil sitend the fusers), of onr departed frerd lna Ti ‘and that & copy of these resolutious bt forwaried to bis family. W Kontor, deretas: funss Knian, Chairien. Over Tv RESULT OF THE RECENT -A number of leading citizens, residing of Washington Hights, last evenin, rejoicing over the recently announ the ocean yacht race, in recoguition cf the of their neighbor, Mr. James Gordon Bennett, . The burning of tar-barrels and loud cheering for owner of the Henrietta marked the occasion as m‘mb‘ remembered by his many friends in result Ezxa Cornell, Ithica, and at the Astor House, The , 18 at the Hoffman House. J. G. Blunt of Kaas, T. and the Hon. C. €. Wash- the Bt. Nicholas Hotel. Brow) NEW-YORK DAILY TRIBUNE, TUESDAY, NewDork Daily Cribune. TUESDAY, JANUARY 1, 1806. 170 ADVERTISER We will thank our advertising customers to hand dvert ot s ear); as possible. I received after + beads. TS. tions. Whatever is 70 CORRE M fotice can be taken of Anonymous Communical {utended for insertion wust be autbenticated by the name and address of the writer—not ecessarily for publication, but as & guarauty for his good faith. All business letters for this ofice should e addressed to “ Tiw Trin- vxn," New-York. We cauzot undertake to return rejected Commupicatious. —— Tur Trisese Ausanac for 1867 will be ready {0 a few days. Orders will be filled In the order of their reception. 7 This being New-Year's Day, we shall not issue our usual evening editions, and there will be no_paper published from this office to-morrow morning. 1% On the second. page to-day will be found a letter from Dublin, a criticism of Ristori as Mary Stuart, an interesting letter from Savan- nah, the Money Awticle, the Markets, and other matter. The seventh page contains lhr';:mcerd- ings of the Civil Courts and the Court Calendars for Wednesday, reports of the Police Courts and the Eighth Ward Homicice, beside City and Brooklyn News. Wo print this morning the opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States in the Milligan ease. An abstract heretofore published informed us that the Court had decided that in this case a writ of habeas corpns was right- fully issued, that Milligan ought to have been discharged from custody, and that the Military Commission assembled for the purpose had no legal ju ction to try and sentence the ac- cused. This, however, is merely a technical statement of the points decided. In the deter- mination of them all the Cowrt concur, but they differ in some important particulars re- specting the validity of Military Commissions in general. These differences and the scope of the decision we shall consider hereafter. THE EXCISE LAW. We call on every good citizen to rejoice with us that the Excise law is at last judicially and impreguably established by the judgment of the Court of Appeals. In other colwnns of this morning’s paper will be found the opinion in full of Mr Justice Wright, overruling all exceptions and appeals, and affirming the judgment of the Supreme Conft in favor of the constitutionality of the act. The decision covers the whole ground. I is not merely a settlement of the particular cases bronght before the Ceurt; it is an affir- mation of the validity of the Excise law in its length and breadth; and mnot merely of the law, but of the complete legis- lative power to deal with the traffic in intoxicating drinks. “There is,” says Mr. Jus- tice Wright, “really but one question involved .| “in the present appeals, viz: the right of the “Legislature to control and regulate the traffic “in intoxicating drinks.” The act relating to New-York is de d to be less rigorous them any in force witlin the State for half a century. If they were constitutional, so much the more is this, and “it is a bold day, that there is any- State or United States “assertion, at this “thing in the “ (onstitution conflicting with or setting “Lounds wupon the legislative discretion “or action in directing how, when, “and where a trade slurll be conducted in ar- “ticles intimately connected with the public «‘morals, or public safety, or public prosperity; “or, indeed, to prohibit and suppress such traf- “fic altogether, if deemed essential to effect “these great ends of good government.” Again: “ A law prohibiting the indiseriminate “traffic in intoxicationg liguors, and placing “the trade under public regulation to prevent “abuse in their sale and use, “no constitutional restraints.” more strongly the Court affirms “It “js a groundless prétext, that “the act in question conflicts with any pro- “vyision of the Constitutien of the United States, “or of this State. It falls within the legisla- “tive power, exerted not for the first time, “but unremittingly since the origin of the “Government.” We quote these emphatic sentences at length, in order that the scope of this judgment may be thoroughly comprehended. They are the sober and matured declarations of the highest judicial authorities in the State of New-York. The Court of Ap- peals, in announcing its decision, places itself on theside of order, of temperance, of pub- | lic welfare, against lawlessness, license, and that utterindifference to the best interests of all, which isthe boast and the shame of the liquor-dealers. These latter proclaim their purpose to maintain what they call their own rights. The courts decree that the rights of the public are para- mount, that the rum-sellers shall not prefer their private interests to the good of the peo- ple, and that the law shall be enforced. We are bound to reiterate our belief that there never was a plausible pretext for the litigation which the lquor-dealers have fo- mented and protracted. The injunctions of Cardozo and his fellow magisiwates were a fraud on the public. There cannot. be a competent lawyer in this city who would have advised a client to apply for an in- junction, or to pursue an appeal on it, ex- cept for the purpose of gainvinz time to fol- low his destroying traffic in deflance alike of ‘public opinion and of law. For the time the plot succeeded. Mr. Justice Car- dozo granted injunctions literally by the hund- red, and there was no den o vilo that he was unwilling to become the champion of its pro- prietor. To all appeals in behalf of order and law this Judge closed his ears, He and they like him suceeeded for months in nullifying the law. The city which the Legis- lature had done its best to make orderly and temperate, they delighted to Laud over to un- checked debauch and the turbulenceof a judge- led mob. They would not abate their purpose when the Supreme Court frowned onm it; we wresume they will uot shandon it 4 there still violates Still therefore, bo left a Jegal devico which can postpone its defeat. But it is too late to deceive public opinion. The decision of the Court of Appeals must be respected, both by the lower courts and by the clients of Mr. Justice Cardozo. There may have been danger that the bench would be brought into contempt by its disregard of law and its patronage of law-breakers; the danger is pas we hope, when the two higher courts unite in vindicating the statute, and in rebuking both the judge and the liquor-sellers who wonld violate it. We look for a reign of order in this city henceforth. We look to see the Legislature, fortified by this judi- cial determination, resist strenuously all efforts to tamper with the statute, or to im- pair its efficiency. We warn them that they cannot touch the Excise law (mless to muke it more efficient) without bringing down upon themselves the just indignation of their constit- uents. Long despised and trodden mnder foot, the law-abiding and anti-rumselling sentiment of New-York find, itsell at last trinmphant in the Court of last resort, and it will expect heneeforth from the Legislature the amplest means of securing and perpetuating its lard won vietory. e THE YEAR AND IS CHANGES. It is a long while since we have bid onr readers a Happy New-Year with such well- founded satisfaction at the history of the year just passed, and such confident an- ticipations of good fortune in the year to come as we greet them with to-day. The last twelve months have been a period of trouble throughout the wor but out of the trouble has come peece, and tlLrough much tribulation mankind lms made long strides in the way of proz Ficreo battles in Europe have resulted, w hope, in that mational wnity for the s which Italy and Ger y have suffered and struggled o long. Conservative England Las been aroused to a gense equal rights and justice cannot long be denied to any class of men in any country. Even the unhappy of affairs in Ireland, pregnant as it is with in- dividual sufferings, and full of Dbitierness to the ardent patriots who looked for the Dbirth this year of a new republic, and the over- throw of a giant wrong, is not withont a prospect of better things, and we have good reason to trust that the rights which Ireland has failed to conquer by revolution she may attain in part when England, terrified by gath- ering troubles at home and abroad, is con to adopt a policy of justice and gencrosity. Mexico, republican principles have reecived a cheering vindication, and almost in the very when petty kingships and feudal princi- palities were toppling to their ruin in the Old World, the daring attempt of European sover- cigns to impose an empire upon unwilling sub- jects] was being signally discomfited in the New. In South Ame 50, liberty comes ont of long wars with redoubled strength and Tuster The whole world seems to have studied the lessons of our own contest, and taken fresh heart, and given new promise of the future. ourse 1f we look at home we e surely every reason for gratitude and hope. The echoes of the late combat are still reverberating but order is gradually coming out of the turmoil; policies ave shaping themse Ives; Issues are grow- ing clearer; men of good heart are and less perplexed to know the right from the wrong, and the people are learning to distin- guish more earefully their true frie nds from their false, the guides who would lead them to permanent peace and prosperity from the gnides who would lead them to destruction. The firm stand which the people’s representa- tives have taken in the defense of the right, and the enthusiasm with which the people have applanded and sustained them; the firm- ness with which Congress is now following up the path which it traced out last year; the passing of the Civil Rights bill and the Dis- trict of Columbia Suffrage bill; the resolute inquiry into the New-Orleans massacre, and similar wrongs—all these things afford us cer- tainly abundant food for satisfaction. And in | matters of a more material kind, the progress made during the year has been no less marked and gratifying. The great enterprise, so long deferred, so often defeated, of | bringing two continents into instantaneons communication with each other, has at last been perfected ; and another enterprise—that of laying an iron rail acréss the whole of our broad continent—an enterprise which twenty years ago would have been, like an Atlintic telegraph, thought a wild chimera, is rapidly advancing toward completion. The year 1866 has seen the railway laborer digging up the Great Plains of Kansas and Nebraska, sacred only yesterday to the Indian and the buf- falo, and its close hears the whistle of the locomotive on the summit of the Sierra Nevada. And just as we are about to bid farewell to this year, news comes to ua across the t sub- marine wire that America, having again vindi- cated her reputation for daring and enthusiastic adventure by sending three yachts on a race across the stormy ocean, has shown also the superiority of her naval constructors by beating with these little sailing vessels the great steamers of England’s favorite passenger line. S0, proud of what we have done, confident of what we are going to do, thankful for the past, resolute for the future, let us turn to, good friends, enjoy ourselves for the day, forget cares a few bours, and wish each other all a Happy New-Year, — Much is said in praise of the yacht race, but public opinion has not yet shaped itself indo giving full credit to whom it is due. We be- lieve that the honor of the recent victory be- longs, so far as seamanship is concerned, to Capt. Samuels, the sailing-master of the Hen- rietta—the same officer who commanded the clipper ship Dreadnought when she made, some ycars ago, tho fastest of sailing passages across the Atlantic. ‘We are compelled, by the pressure npon our columns, to omit the Report of the Bank De- partment of the State; & paper of interest and value. Its most important facts are that the circulation outstanding last y £27,000,449; this yoar it is $10,002, that there has been o decrease of over $16,000,000. The docrease of securities is £14,463,009, and the circulation 1ssued $094,- 851, In September last but 85 banks reported to this Department, whereas at the samo date in 1805 there were 114. Eight of the nou-reporting bave become National banks, aud the rest are about to close their corpo- rate life. By reason of these statis- tics, Superintendent Schuyler again com- plains that Congress has “imperiously re- “fused to grant even the negative reliof apvlied “for on behalf of the State banks,” and that the State banking system is undonbtedly pass- ing away, swept by the current of new finan- cial exigencie EUROPE IN 1867, In the annmals of the Old World the year which closed yesterday will in many respeets the most 1iemorable since 1 The ¢h for so tiany years had been draw- qrrived. The social fabrie which the cellian stat smen of 1815 so laboriously 10 longer ti reatens ruin, but has fairly to collapse, and the stu.ty of the Euro- pean sta‘esman is not now how to prevent re- construction but how to secure a controllingin- fluence over it. Some years ago it might be considered doubtful whether 1arope was actu- ally in a process of transformation; now every one is inquiring what the issue of this grand process will be. Whatever people may think of the the nationality principle which wounld recon- struet Europe on the basis of the political sep- aration and independence of every nationality, it will be admitted by all that the principle act Wly justice of is the great motive power which sets the whole of the European world in commotion. The disturbed condition of Europe in 1866 chiefly na- arose from the efforts made for effecting tional reorganization, as in Germany, Austria, or for achieving national independ- ence, as*in Treland and Turkey. The cession of Venetia has removed one of the most dan- ZeTOus eause of national discontent, but the re jon of Italian aspirations has at the same time given a powerful impulse to other nations. During the t days of the year louded, fore- ion of the i have no other meaning than of the Prussian Government to con- co which it has tacitly concluded with the Lib party of Germany for carrying | through the National Union movement, despi all opposing influences. The Sclavi of Cr Wl the neighboring provinees of Austria and Turkey have reeently assumed an attitude which indicates the imminence of a contlict. All Turkey is pervaded by cannot last much longer without bringing on explosion. The Fenians and the Poles carry their national hatred over into the new year, and the reported reconciliation of the Hun- wians with the Austrians rests on the frail s of Austrian promises. Thus we meet, in all quarters of the Old World, with the pros- pect of new and great conflicts. Europe has many statesmen, who, from dif- ferent motives, have come to look upon the success of the nationality principle as inevit- able; but no one has as yet found the key for a peaceable settlement of the intricate question, and Europe enters the new year with millions of people eager to scize the first opportunity for breaking the yoke which binds them to a foreign prince. A pe le solution not being tinue the caused France, England, Austria, and many other powers, to increase their armics and their taxes. —_— THE ADVANCE OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETILS IN ENGLAND, A very interesting statistical paper, which has recently made its i rance in England, gives the annual return, and ins the accounts, for the year 15865 of the iudustrial and provi- dent cties established in that country, and registered in accordanee with an act of Tiu- par 1863, Though small | cooperative had previously existed in the manufacturing districts, the first co of cooperative truling on a scale of importance was the ishment, more o, hidale cers, when a number of working scribed a sufficient s of money start a store in which the could be purchased at a little wholesale cost, Their primar supply of their own requirem were open to all who chose to purchase at tl counter: and as they went to the wholesale des ers, money in hand, for their supplies, they were enabled to offer to the public greater advantages than could be obtained elsewhere. It is no cause for wonder that their trade was rapidly in- 1, and that, while their ¢ wants were provided for with good articles they conferred a great their neighbors as, though not united with soci ment passed in the ) Stores in- Lancashire, of the tha Equita men st 1 20 years necessaries of in advance of the obj e was the p rate, ady, wes. As the Association was open to all | or s who felt inelined to invest their ings in it, the number of members was spe: year it counted up to over 5,000, while the cash ived for groceries and provisions during $051,170. It is ctions of ther tukes and sales, Te 1865 amounted to not less than worthy of remark that all the tran the Association are for cash—it n s credit in its purchases Nevertheless, a small portion of its capital is composed of loans made to it by persons who derive great advantage from the invest- ment. The share capital of the Association at the end of the year was $346,535, the loan capital $1,610, and the value of its asscts and property 08,800, The nses for the year were $48,610, and the year's profits #125,780. It paid $14,250 for interest on shaves, #101,370 for dividend on purchases, and & for educational purposes. From these it will be seen that o fair business profit is placed upon the goods sold, and that at the end of the year, after deducting ¢he expenses and interest on capital, the net profit is divided among the purchasers, in proportion to the amount they have expeuded at the store during the year. The interest paid upon the share capital appears to be about four per cent, and the average profit upon goods sold about twenty per cent; but considerably more than half the latter was returned to the purchascrs in the form of dividend. Since the Rochdale Equitable Pioneers led the way, coiperative societies have so multi- plied m England that, at the close of the past year, tie number whose rales have been certi- fied by Mr. Tidd Pratt, the Government olli- cial under whose charge those institations are placed, was 609, The return to which we 1 referred gives the accounts of 417 carying on business as grocers, dealers in provisions and in dry goods, and as shoemakers. At the close of 1805 these societics had 148,586 members; their share capital amounted to 3,506,563, and their loan eapital was $363,605, They paid $15,815,440 for goods bought during the year, and received 16,869, 185 for goods sokl during the same period. They state their profits realized within the year to have been $1,806,180, out of which they paid dividends on the shaves, and dividends on pur- chases made from the societies, and provided for reserve and deprecistion funds. At the end of the year the value of their assets and prop- erty was $5,625,425, the money in hand $584,615, snd the trade linbilities $1,307,400. Ninety of tho gssociations in the lst are i Yoskshize, JANUARY 1, 1867, probable, the success of the Prussian army has | 1o | - | manual benefit wpon such of | them in the enterprise, were ready to reap its | ily augmented, so much so that in the past | and about 100 in Lancaghire. The Rochdale Pioneers stand at the head) trading during the year to the amount of nefrly $1,000,000. Two or three other codperativefsocieties in the north of England sold goods in the year to the amount of more than £500,000. The gratifying results of the codperative sys- tem in England should be a strong inducement to the operaiives of this country, and especially of this city, to follow the example of the Brit- ish workmen. A few well-managed codperative stores for the sale of gr es, butchers’ meat, and other nece: of life, would have a pow- erful influence in breaking down the conspiracy to keep up high prices which is now so com- mon in almost every s of trade in this me- tropolis. There are certainly many manufic- turing establishments in this city the employés in which ecould support a respectable store, while the coiperation of the persons employed in half a dozen might start one on a scale that, with future adhesions, would soon mike it as great a trading concern as that of the Rochdale Pioneers, The people of Tray, in this State, have already taken the initiati They bave in that city a codperative grocery, which is a fair success, and which is doing a business but very little less than that of the largest and best established retail groceries in nothing to prevent the ¢ followed. TORGIA. In a paragraph which is making its pilgrim- age through the news are informed, to our excecding gratitication, if the intelli- gence be true, that sundry young women in Georgia, meml of families formerly opulent, but now, through the dire influences of Seces- sion, pauperized, are engaged in setting type in the printing oflices of the State. We do not, of course, ungallantly rejoice that these damsels can 1o longer pass their lives in dressing and undressing, which seems to be the main busi- ness of those girls whose fathers have not yet lost their money by that odd and disagrecable combination of circumstances which is com- pactly styled “a revulsion;” but we do re- joice to find the Geor; sses, nfter their edu- ation in a quite opposite theory, so spec dily convinced that in this bustling land, now that “{he institution” has become a destitution, “nothing can come of nothing,” and thit the best signification of a verb is not *to suffer,” nor even “to be,” but “to do.” To sleep is pleasant; to eat is agrecable; to daintily ‘array a comely person is a tasteful amusement; but | the slecp which has been earned, the food l which has b honestly won, the garments which represent intelligent exertion are the the most palatable, the bravest. Type- setting is an extremely respectable avocation when the “copy” is respectable and the “proofs” turn out tolerably dean; and the .us and matrons of Georgia “formerly in affluent mstances” might have done worse —they might have betaken them- selves to the bad habit of reading croeus- covered romances; they might have sub- | mitted with the stolidity of despair to | their fate, or shrewishly worried through the | remainder of an uncomfortable existence, a tor- ment to themselves and a comfort to nobody. They will now be not only in a paying position (if they are not cheated out of their wages), but they will have the opportunity of improv- | ing their minds, if they are not compelled to pat in type too many fieree and flabby editorials. The extracts from Tre TriBuNe alone, which will be given out to them, will at least the | foundation of aliberal education. These Geor; | girls are “ministering augels™ in more seuses | than one, for they will be setting not only type, | but a lwudable example to their fathers, broth- | ers and lovers, who will, we trust, be too voudly chivalrous to live upon the scanty s of the ompositors, There is nothing for the white men of the South to do but go to work—the only alternative is a miserable, dawdling_hand-to-month existence, if existence it can be ealled cluonically eomatose con- dition agitated, if at all, by the excitements of | shooting, drinking, smoking, and playing cards. [ It is easy for whole clisses, especially Shere labor has long been disreputable, [ to lapse into these habits, and it i ard, | when they are once established, to get the [ better of them. The young men of the South | “formerly in affluent circumstances™ have had | an ewcellent opportunity of knowing what a “Poor White” is; and they may rest assured that it is into precisely the squalid and bestial condition of the *“Poor White” that they will sink if through pride or constitutional indo- lence, or from any other reason, they now fold their hands and content themselves with sigh- ing for the soeial status which they have occu- pied in the past, and witich has now become a thing of the past altogether. We trust that there is manliness enough in them to save | them from such a contemptible and ignominious fate, especially when the ladies are so bravely contending againsi adversity, and are proving themselyes so worthy of cheerful and energetic cobperation. There is plenty of land to be cul- tivated, and hoes, spades, shovels, and plows can be obtained at the North by all those who can give reasonable sccurity that they will use them. God and the capitakists of the country will help those who help themselves; but no- body can help those who give themselves up to a loose life and unruly passions. We wish the (ieorgin women all possible success, not only in their own immediate enterprise, but in proving to their friends in pantaloons the necessity and } the beauty of labor. best, m; Seeretary MeCulloch truly says in his annual report that “the duties upon imported com- “modities should not be so low as to subject “the home manufacturers, burdened with heavy “internal taxes, to a competition with cheaper “Jabor and larger capital, which they may be “ynable to sustain.” Those last few words sum the wisdom of international economy. In using them the Seceretary of the Treasury has prescribed the true principle of the revenue policy of the United States, and furnished the plan for framing a Tavifl. *“Competition “with cheaper labor and larger capi- “tal,” Any Tariff scheme that is not in- telligently and liberally based on the dif- ference between the cost of labor here and in Europe, and the difference between the quan- tity of capital and the interest of money here | and there, will be unscientifically made, and will fail of its purpose. Mr. Morrill's commit- tee, in the last session of Congress, framed a Tariff that did consider, and did allow, for these differences. The House passed it by a Jarge majority, disregarding the differences | only in respect to railroad iron, glass, and cer- tain chemical products. The influence of foreign importers availed to hang up this bill in the Senate, in order to give time to contrive and bring in a new revenue scheme that should not re- gard “the competition with cheaper labor “and larger capital.” Six months have rolled by with their judgment on this action of the Senate, The failures, and the stoppages, and hull-time working of ingumerable manufac- / —~——— e b e e tories, the throwing ont of employment in mid. winter of thousands of owr laborers, male and female, the stagnation of business caused by the glut of our markets with foreign goods, solemnly admonish us of a great error, and point .Atm'ght to the reparation. That is the mlmodmt;a mb:nn b‘:& the Ways and Means hill, or of a better bill framed i of that bill. b pdnu?lo —— The Court of Appeals has decided the ques- tion at issue between the Market Fund @om- missioners, whereof Police Commissioner Man- ierte is the most prominent, and the City Coun- cil of New-York, on a motion for a mandamus to compel the latter to enact an ordinance ereat- ing a market fund or stock, pursnant to s Legislative act passed in March, 1865, under which Commissioners were appointed. The Board of Aldermen refused to enact such an ordinance. A mandamus to compel them was granted by the Supreme Cowt, affirmed at General Term, and is now finally reaffirmed by the Comrt of appeals. “Dntics upon imports are not only necessary “for revenue, but also for the protection of “those home interests upon which heavy mter- “nal taxes are to be assessed.” So says Secre- tary MeCulloch in his annual report. What do those words confess logically? Why, that pro- tective taris create national wealth, What do they avow shamelessly? Why, that this Ad- ministration’s motive for permitting an addition throngh a tariff to the country’s stock of wealth - is to enable its citizens to stand taxation! Thauks for even this confession that free-trade Jimpoverishes a nation, and takes from i its power to sustain government, and that the State can only solidly stand on the foundation of protected manufacture The Committee on Banking and Currency have decided to report to Congress against any new inerease of the currency. Upon this point we are glad to hear that the Committee are posi- tive, and (his by a large majority of their number, The Republicans of the Legislature yester- day sed inJcanens upon Mr. Edmund L. Pitts of Orleans as their candidate for Speaker; and after a quarrel that would shame the choicest episodes of Tammany, the Demoeratic caucus pledged its vote for Jarvis Lord of Monroe, The election of Mr.Pitts will undoubted- 1y satisfy the Lest interests of the State. In all the reformatory measures of late camied through the Legislature, and especially as & friend tothis city, and an enemy of its rob- bers, Mr. Pitts has been an earnest and able worker, ——— BARNUM'S MUSEUM. Sueh of the pleasure-seekers of the town as may bend their steps to Barnnm's Museum to-day, or any day, may see, a$ 1L o'clock in the forenoon, the exifi- bition of we performing animals; at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, the performance of “ Robinson Crusoe,” and “Trying it on;” and in the evening & repetition of the latter entertainment. The Van Amburgh Menagerie, which we lately deseribed at length, may be seen at all hours. WINTER GARDEN, “Othello,” with Mr. Dawison and Mr. Booth in the prineipal characters, will be repeated at this theater on Wednesday and Friday evenings of this week, To-night *“The Apostate” and *Katherine a Petpus ito” will be acted, and on Thursday e 3 will play Richard III. The next great event at this theatar will be the prodnction, with ample a ;Pl.-n-lu.l scenic appointments, of ** The Merchant enice. OLD BOWERY THEATER. An aftornoon performance will be given at this theater to-day, at 24 o'clock, in addition to the evene ing performance, at 7. The combination eompany of the Old and (late) New Bowery Theaters will el pate in the representation of “six pieces, This amme should satisfy even an _Oriental New-Yoar- ay appetite for pleasure. On Wednesday evemng, by the way, another Smmmnme will be given for the benefit of Mr. J. W. Lingard. . ¢ WALLACK'S THEATER. “Ours” will be played at Wallack's, for the time, to-night. It has steadily gfown in popular fae vor, and deserves its suceess. It will, probably, res along smoothly I veral weeks. 3 g NIBLO'S GARDEN. The "113th performance of * The Black Crook” wit be given at Niblo's this evening. The tweusioth wookly Matinéo §3 announced for next Saturday NEW-YORK THEATER. No change lere, nor any like to bs. *Cendrillon® draws the multitude by the powerful magnet of the baliet. The spectacle will be presented every night, and at o Matinée on Saturday nexs. MR, VOUSDEN, The reader’s attention is once more called to the eutertainment given by the “ polynatioual mimic " a8 Hall. Mr. Valentine Vousden is a positive and bLis entertainment is really enjoyable. e his pro o continually by the intro- duction of new es, jokes, and songs. NEW-YORK CIRCUS. Afternoon performances, at 2 o'clock, are givea here every day. We note this fact for the especial behoof of persons who may wish—as everybody ought to wish—to contribute ¢o the happiness of children, A varied entertainnent is given by aa good n cirens tronpe as was ever organized in this country. Mr. Lent displays untiring enterprise in his management of this circus, and is very @ ly sisted by one of the most experienced of managens a this peculiar line, Mr. W. 8. Adams. MR, HARY: the illnsionist, continues his exhibitions of magic 8 Dodworth Hall. 'We have alluded to him in terms of praise, That praise is merited. Tosay that M. Harte is the most ablo musician whoever appeared in t city is to speak the n, unvarnished truth, foats, entitled * The Head in the Aie” and ** Multum s Parvo,” amply prove it. They continue to constitute the leading features of the entertaimuaent now night given at Dodworth Hall, and we o gl to that Mr. Hartz's performances are o1y attended He gives, for the accommodation dies and dren, a Matinée on Saturday. THE MINSTRELS. 720 Broad- Messrs. Kelly & Leon’s Minstrels, at No, 720 Iro way, are engaged in mn\dngi" New Year's Cally” oa the public. adworth's Minstrels, at the Fifth Avenme Opera-House, are do likewise. We trusé that the fun-lovin yntlic will respond to the com plient and make New Year's ealls on the Minstrols THE FENIANS. o —— THE LATE TRIALS AT SWEETSBURG. BY TRLXORAYK TO THE TRIBUNE. ToronTo, Dec. 81.—The remainder of the Feniane here, nambering 82, will be tried next Assizes, com- mencing Jan. 10. They have been notified by the law officer of the Crown that they must be ready for trm then, No delay will be consen 10 unless spec cause be shown. "I'he Toronto Leader, in commenting on the Sweets- burg trials, says: “he juries failed to conviet v the cloarest evidence, and a plain failure of juatice has oco in most of the cases. The three Feniana sentenced to death at Sweetsburg will probably share the fate of those at Toronto, to whom, it is belie the Royal elemency will be ‘extended, notwithst: . ing Rolierts hoped to force us to hang them. . gPHENS IN NEW-YORK. JAMES STEP ¥ i s o At a late hour last evening celved 6t THE TRIBUNE offico that James Elo '!: . R., had been boarding at No. 308 Enst 4 t.near ‘Second-ave., ever since his mysterious SO Arauce some weel ago, untll within Twe days, under the name of Willim Bcott. TEC or three of Stephens’s prineipal adherents S conversing with the Head Center on Sunday, the e December, and becoming slarmed it lll'l!"'n m‘ in Tie TRIBUNE, which stated that Mr. - New-York, ho suddenly decamped the su ‘“a A Pl omost seat Ieience 1o New-York § friends of Mr, Steplevs, and ‘the tha 4 will X no 'dltmbt huoom P | h“'l R no nsurrection s Irelaud under the aus : the l?:dd Center, 1t hat f ulso been ascertained :‘m < M"“' moMmmota«.n-lM e oy k ‘ mows will no douby creato @ terrl & § Stephens, During the time of upu.-“ Ttoenth-st. ho had plckets thrown N watched to prevent itruders, but even dh}anmu-;: |~ “%15:-‘:' l‘:rr w ] oviden 10 o ;lnnun’l be i 158 British Goveruimens can