The New-York Tribune Newspaper, August 13, 1866, Page 2

“THE PUBLIC HEALTIL tll-‘_:\‘f\'}'l"\li Y The Metropolitan Board of Health | Bkotch of the Organization and Powers of the Board. THE DASIS REFORM. - SANITARY VALUE OF THE BUREAU QF RECORDS. TOW NUISANCES ARE DISCOVERED AND ABATED, 4 cits, to bo usod for th pur Statistics of Work Thus Far Performed. S The Impending Pestilence, and How it Was Avoided. It 15 comparat only a fow years since the laws of bealth were deemied of suflicicnt ce 10 the world as o induce those engaged in eclont!lc 1todarat wttention to the subj e, Iudecd, the question is not yot decided a8 to whick is the aut, the stody of norm or abnormal phenowens, 4 n of Coleridge that tle Yaws, both of the mind nnd b can be generslized from pathologiosd data scews 1o Lave be ost sstionod un xil very recently, aud 1s pessen (h “ s have boee wide to gen: 26 tho laws of discase, while very litls attestion, proportfonately, has beea paid to the phenomena prosentod in heaith. Now, there 8o RUIETO €8 Who Loid (hs thie Lugis ¢ ve tention bo the abnormal utterly uscless i ‘.. ANLEW YORK DAILY TRIBUNE, MONDAY, A FUST 13, 1866. gt e markets, rag-hovses, fat-melting, bone-boiling, ehell-burning and similar estal od the first attention. They bave been jwproved in kowe measure by the efforts of the Board, but they still exist in tho denseiy-popalated portions of ngh the Intorference of (h Courts with the work Li-milk etables, piggceries, offal docks, middes agoinst lifo and health have boen eack in fod, inspected &od 5o far as was possible aboliebed. A cole of Health Ordinances, the beat now in existence, bas been promulgated oud esforoed, all of which has been 5 in full as & part of tLe daily bistery of the Metropolitan Sauitary D 50 must ba familiar to all tho readers of the New-York jourcals. A kr wicdge of the more importaut funtions of the Toard mag bost be gaiod by 8 glance at tie provisions of tho law. THE 1OWERS AND DUTIZS OF THE ROARD OF HEALTH. Chapter ¥ of the Luwe of 1866 conferred upon the Metro. politan Board of Health .l the anthority, duty aud powers be- longing at that time to the oard of Hoslth of New-York and Sklgn, under the Lawa of the Stats, and all that belonged verson or offfoer under the Health Ordiuances of the 50 of preserving and protecting 1i%e and,health, and preventing dissase. All the powers of the Joalth Lawe of the Metropolitan Sanitary Distriot are placed 10 thofr Lande, to exarclvs the eame without the ndvice, assent, or coaperation ofeoy mwaniolpal bourd or officer, It must colleot the stakistios relative to birtbs aud marriages, and to lifo and doatls; decide upom nalsances, ard lave them abated; osuse any excavaiion, erestion, velicle, vessel, water-craft, room, s lace, sewer, pipe, passage, premises, ground, mat- tor, or thing in the Mesropolitan Banitary District regarded a3 dengarous or prejaldictal to life or heaith to be purified, disinfected, aliered, or fmpraved; aud it way require oard of 1'0lice 1o exocute its orders, or they may be exe- Mo £ tha Board of Health. U the officers of ading pestilence, or in the presence of great the olty, thre of refo and their tarn vi wil ton In sud iwmizent porid to the public bea'th, it is the duty of the ases of hmy Toard to take such mensures, snd do, order or cause to be Rone, such acts, nnd maike such expenditures as they may, in good faith, deelaze the patilio safoty and health to demand, ant the Governor of the State abnll approve. It is the duty of the Metropelitan Board of leaith to use all reasonable meaus for ascerssinisg he existouce and cause of discase, and the mears of aveiling the same, and to prom cause @l information fa tieir possession to bo seat to the looal heslth suthoritics of any city, town, or vil- | lage in the Sta%. This places the Board ia communi watd! very consideratl study of | oation, trough thelr Cerrepording Kecretary, with all morma! conditions; il i obscrvaiions, wlils thoy | tho world. by en extonsion of the rule applied to the State, s of scicnce, ill nover be able to | and while { seminate ol facts which come to them with acie they gatber fo themselves the Lighest trustworthy evides { teatizony of the ablost bygienists aud | knowledge an given to the investigation of the laws ekt Gocth nosue Yaty coxoellent fruis, | Wedical both of this country aud of They are b ooatrol disease which | Obliged (o muko the sanitury condition of any place knows to Ras, 108 certain exten, taken the piace of the desire to dis- | tho public, 80 far as such pellivation moy be doemed useful. covor curative agencles, aud Tuany very progfient scle and toadd t W ruggestions as their experience way men now believe tlat it is poscibi poisons on a level with sinati-pox, which D J has rendered almost Lo ¥ionaly, they are so yover tangible, that every « Pl 1o ex] futile. «pox ferment, ptauos, may be carried about, 7 o lungs or jutroinced into ably; but the systern once swhjecied to its ohen ot & second time go tlrongh th Wvery texture of the Lody is modiied aud of being thue modified aguin, TLo swme poison, which, it 18 geverally believed, origin wvercrowdisg of buwan belngs wents. This also may get into ¢ Syphoid ferment, born iu sewers, .t to place « ubstanttal, but whthal % them has proved a lude dry a place to pl s of the o air we | rise to s or cure lo to prevent them; b hyglotio mearures ition of ients of the dra human body, and cs: into the lu Dreathe, passes 10to overy orgun s t itered fusetions. We cannot explain Yhe diseases they produce, but it is wad tLis can only be accomplisbed by & and sauitary regulatioos as will wyest the decomp Mhiose subistances in which the vegets wie produced. g BANITAEY COMMIS{IGNS. Thio progress of kuowledge in the direction we Lave Indica jad in tho precediog ‘paragrapts, manifested itsctf in Health Laws and Sanitary Commissions for tte purpose of abating Mhose nuisances which experience hus alow were daugerons 0 lite and detrimenta! to health. The movemest has recently pecome prevalont among elvilized natious, In general teris, 1t 1s & combined effort on the part of scientific part of Europe and Avierica, to study disease deds aort to geeralize the laws of disease from ¢ nomens presented in bealth, and at o same timo to render curative agents secondary to preventive measures,or rather, by pushing an offort to render disease impossible; to some sgencies that they shall becowe har: through pataral laws upon external it sperations of externsl matare upon man alwaze ber Baaithiul s the propblem too profound? Not more ao, we opine. thay that which puzzled Hippocrates and baflad Lis followers ever sinoe medicine became an art. Tho worid has becn secking apecifios for diseases during many centaries. A few hisve hgeu foand; bat now, partiaily dissppointed in the first attewpt, the same mea turn their attention to health, in the 1 that they will thus be better able to study disease; aud this clange Las poen wrought almost within e fow decades. 1117 & century ago there was not a sioglo trostworthy work iu the Foglish \anguage upon bygiene. Now we Lave mavy; but many r and better oues are Woare beg the effoct of the of exterial $pon mwau. We are begiouing to learn Low operations may be bealtbfully monified by man's sgemoy; nay, better than all this, we have laws, Lased vpon tuis groat principle, orgeuizing commissions to put tie knowl have already gained toa practicsl test and to use the uitary science places in their hends for the public i | own THE METROPOLITAN BOARD OF HEATY. Nuthing which pertains to mankind can be foreisn to any man, laving e general iuterest in what is being doue ¢lse- where to alieviste the sufferivgs of our feilow-creatures, the Interest becomes special and absorbiog when we contempiate measures which pertatn directly to ovrselves, It is this that \nvests the Metropolitan Board of Healtl with such 8 growing and wide spread regard. New-York is not ovly the commer pial, but also the intelicctasl and selentific center of the Awer, Joan continent. TLe sanitery measurcs adopted in this city pave already found their way to tho far West, and the cities of the Mississippl Valley vee the same weans of preventing and controlling iofection that are now in use here. Thus theiu- Vabitants of the United States are interested in the safety of Manhattan Yaland, and thus the doings of the Metropolitan “Foard of Health become a subject of great concern sbroad and at bome. Strange as it way seem to those who regide upon thisIsland, she City of New-York has a better code of health laws to-dny #hau auy other city on the planet. Thoy have never been en- Joroed, we regret to eny, and perhaps never will be until the ‘conrts can be induced to punish fafringements of the statutes wf the State and the ordinances of the city; but the statement s none the less true on that account. Last February, alaw waa passed by the Legislature of New-York organizing a body fox the purpose of enforcing theee lawe, end to do such acts as ‘would tend to preserve life and protect the publio health. The Yaw was very carcfully drawn end is sdmirably adapted to the yurposs, It is minute, and embraces every subject haviog sireot tendency toward the object in view. It s capable »f improvement, but we doubt not amendments will come in good time. TN ORGANIZATION OF THE METEOPOLITAN BOAED OF HEALTH. “The Aot creating the Metropolitan Sanitary District and e Bosrd of Health was passed by tbe Legisluture of New- York after & protracted debate, and the most violent oppo- sition on the part of the reprearntatives of these classes to be most beuefited by it, on the 20th of Febrnary, 1866, and ‘went loto effect on the first Jday of March following. The Poard is composed of uine gentlemen, pamely: The Board of ‘Metropolitan Police, consisting of Themas C. Acton, Benjs- uin F. Manlerre, John Bergen and Joseph D. Bosworth; the Health Ofioer of the Port of New-York, Dr. Jotn Swinburne; and four others, appointed by the Governor, by and with the wdvice of the Senate, \hree of whom are physicians. The fol- lowing were appointed by Gov. Fenton: Jackson 8. Schults, They are reguired to gather and preserve fuforma. nd facts relating to destbe, disease and health, and it is ¢ all headth off cors and boards of health in the g e t0 (be Motrepolttan Board of Health 5 of the'r repopts and suck information as may be aseful ho Metropolitiu Sanitary 1 1t is tho duty of the Board of Hoalth to enact in cack year, on or before the 10th of State to co May, & codo of healik ordivunces, and to enforco the same by A p ¥ not exceoding €40 for each offe recoverable in coy Justied's or Dlstrict Court, and Gually to enforco ali laws of the Sia in (be Mefropolitau Sanitary District, to the ¢ haws Life, o b0 the care, promotion aud prot e powers of the Metropolitau Board of Health, in brief, in- and enforcing of repairs of buildings, houscs ; the regulatios and coutrol of the public wirkets, 80 far oo relates 1o cloaulivess, ventilation and drain- age, and 1o prevent the sale of, or offering for sale, lmuroper articles of food; the removal from the public sireets of any sing which ehall, o thowr opision, be liable to lcad 14 detrunental to the pablie, or davgerous to life or aion and licensing of scavengers; tho gre- vension of gecidents by which life or heullh may be endan, gered, and generally the abating of )} nuisances; but we wust now pass durriedly 1 the wewis by Which these powers are and other used. BOUKCES OF INFOKMATION. Tha step i not far frou: the abstement of nuisances to the seases, but it 18 quite @ difficult one to take. Sw ft and Rabelais elevated filih almost to the s scicoce; wo mako it an every-day companion, not, & tho fact that it every day disgusts us, and we velopments of science to assist in ridding vs of au enemy we have treated as a friend. The fm- ' to are the most difficult to coutend with, for they gible for the most part, and only mani’ fost themsoles 0 tho senses after they have begun their work of death. We build our sewers, water-ciosets and cloaca in 1 as to make them the natural allies of disonse; prevention of Swede dignity wi suck & wan; we pezanit our tenit-hoo-es to b g0 overcrowded that bealth i o, our courts protect the most gigantic causes of e most densely populated portions of the city; the Government establishes buge middes on both flanks of we shut air and sculight out of our dwellings; we ors 1o live in the darknees, dampuess and #; we permit stule vegetables, unripe frults, and putrid meats to be sold in our markete; we per- ased cattle o be slanghtered for food; we loathe our + i pustiog odors from putrescent or reglected stubles, from bone-bolling, fat- vdrecaing snd offal boiliug establishments, from Aecomyosing garbage, from miuswatio dsmpness, from ob- structed strects and sewers, from putrifying ordure, and we kuow that all these 1hingx are detrimental to healih and dan. vaus to life. o remedy these evils the Board of Health is npe.lod first to learn where they are located, what their and how they affect the public safety, before the remedy cun be appiiod. 1 It i now yery geverally admitted that whoever cats, drinks or breathes putresence must therefore suffer diarrbea. This opens one source of ixfurmation. Ten of the City Dispen- waries wwake daily reports to the Buresn of Records aod Vital Stalistiea of all cases of diarrkea which come to them for treat meat, and add, upon blask forms prepared for the purposs such remarks of the condition of the promises occupied by pa- tients as are deomed important for the information of the Reg istrar or the Board of Heulth, 2. Itis made, by law, the duty of every physician, every kecper of & boarding or lodging, house, hotel, inn, o restnaraut, every SOMmissioner, mans- ger or privcipal of every public or private institution, evory master, officer and consignee of every vessel not in Quarantine, aud of every person knowlng of any person sick of a conta- wious, infectious or pestiiential disease to report the fact to the Board of Health without delay, 3. The deatlcertificate is made a prominent source of inforwation as it gives tho name, age, color aud eondition of the deceased person, the date of death, term of illaess and the exact number of the house, nam. ing the streat and ward, in which the dewise occarred, and also the primary aud secondary cause of death, witl the length of time each cause existed. 4. From tbe information thus ob- tained & map showing the block in which every death from dinrrheal disease took place is made every week and placed in the Lands of the Eoard of Hoalth by the Registrar of Records, s0 that once & week, tho exact spot is positively kuown whore foul-air destroyed & human lifs, The same map shows the places where death occurred from typhus, typboid, swall pox, scarlet-fever and other ferments. 5. The Metropolitan I'o- lice Force is an important source of information; two thousand men, slways on duty, report the existence of any nuisance that sy oome to their notice, and by the aid of the telegraph any- thing dangerous to life or dotrimental to health, io sny part of the Sauitary Distriot, may be instantly made knows at the Central Office. 6. Every citizen knowlng of anytbing which, in bis opinion, is prejudicial to the health of bis ueigkborkood, may make s written complaint, whiok will lnsure an immedi- ate investigation. THE BUREAU OF RECORDS AND VITAL BTATISTICH. We bave alresdy wentioued the Buresu of Records and Vi tal Statistics as one of the sources from which tho Board of ‘Health derives information; bat the functions of the Burean are of such s nature as to demand farther explanation. One of the first resolutions adopted by the Board after their organ. {zation sppointed Dr. Elisha Harris Registrar of Itecords, and placed the Barean under bis charge. Thoroughly impressed with the importance of his position, and appreciating fully the object of this Dopartment, the Rogistrar prepared the forms now in use and put in operation the system which Dr. William Budd of Bristol says in many respocts is very much in advance of that adopted in England for the same purpose. ‘The Bureau is organized upon the principle that it is rot gunlc 1 weltiog, Willard Parker, M. D., Jobn O. Stone, M. D., and James | sufliclent merely to know that a person has died. Admit:fvg Crano, M. D.—the latter of Brooklyn—and are termed “Ban. | the importance of & knowledge of the prima itary Commissioners.” They hold office as suoh, respectively, nd secondary osuses of death, it is deemed of vastly more {mportampe, from fa the following terms: ‘Willard Parker, M. D., for one | 8 Lygienic point of view, that the causes of disesse, 80 far as [2 ames Crave, M. D., for two yeoars; Jeokson 8, Scbults | they osn be gathered, should also be made known. The death tor (hros yours; aud Jokn O. Btone, M. D, for four years, and certificate itself contains a history of the Individusl and the watil thelr sucoessors are sppointed and qualified. causes of death, oth immedlate and remote, and the length Tmmediately after their appointment, and on the very dsy on of time that each existod before finel dissclution. Foul sir which the law took effect, these four Banitary Commissioners | and ferments of all kinds sre bunted out by means of daily met [n the ofios of the Becretary of State and determived by | reports from ten Alspensaries of all dlseases of this clesn treated Jot their respective terms of office, took 26 required oath and | by the medicsl staff of each ome, on blanks speciclly prepared reoelved thetr certificstes of sppolntmert. On the zext day, for the parpose, giving the name and residence of the patient, Maroh %, the Bauitary Commissioners, the Board of Police and | the number of people in the bouse, and remarke by fhe physi. Yhe Health officer of the Port, met st ¢ p. m., in theroom of | elan on the sanitary condition and wants of fits occupants. Prosidont Aoton, of the Police Commissloners, and organized | The very blook, street and bouse in Which & contsglous, in- the Motropolitan Boerd of Health, by electiog Jackson 8. | fectious or pestilential disesse occur is knows within 24 hours Bobults President, Benjamin ¥. Manierre, Treasurer and Col. | after the enemy makes its appearance, its cause studied, if Kmmons Clark, Becretary. Dr, E. B, Dalton was made | necessary the place specially inspected, the deluctions eare- Sasitary Superinterdent, Dr. J. D. Cunkling, of Brooklyn fully drawn and the remedy recommended, to Le applied in Asstetant Banitery Superistendant, Dr. Ellsba Harrls, Rogis- | such mancer as the Board of Health may direct. Thus it 1s Sraz of Reoords, Dr. J. Cresson Stiles, of Brooklyn, Deputy | almost impossible for case of typhus or typhold fever, small Keglstrar, D. B, Eaton, who &rew the Health Aot, was selected | pox, scarlet fever, diarrbea or cholera to ocour without oom. 4 Counse! of the Board, and George Bliss, Jr., Attoruey, With Shis organieation, the Board of Health at ovco entered upon the ing to the notice of the sauitary officers, accompaniel by a fntelligent report upon such existing conditions as in the opin, xorolse of its duties. Thelr first effort was to cloan thecityand | fon of the physiolan would operste as predisposing causes. “ate ol it nuisancen, weloy wud winor, The slavglter pous, ‘Tho sauitary value of this luforumtion aud tie complotenoss of the plan by which it ts brought to the Board of Tealth can barcly be oves-estimuted. The broad principle tbat nnderlies the Bures of Records aud Vital Statistics is thet almost all dis- cuses may be prevented. Phystologicelly, there scems to be hy people should die, save from old ay Regard- idents aud preventable deaths an ciimes governed ed and anderstood, d by the application of the rules of eanitary ectence to every day life; and impressed with the belief that thie 'aw can ouly be discovered through a knowledge of its operations &nd results, the causes of phenomena are used merely o8 8 weans by Which their laws may bo studied. It is not only necessary to gather the facts, their succession and re- semllance must also be noted. The researches respecting tho cnuse of death are based upon the osuse of disease, and are used as the meteorologist uses his barometer, They fudicate the approach of danger to the publio bealth) they poigg out the place in which abnormal oonditions exiat, and show the exact epot where it s necessary to apply sauitary rules sud Bygienio priveiples to modes of life. All the exterual phenomens of nature sroe e0 constituted as to make Lie not ouly possible but & condition that cannot be avoided. Everything 1 alive or filled with life. The harmony between Living beings and the conditions in which they live is o characteristio of the fundamental conditlon of Life, and al- though ' {s barmo: y may be so disturbed as to produce death, its influence is g0 preservative that death should be referred to s single cause, namely, decay. It is tho businesa of tho Doard of Health, in the tact analysls, to prevent this harmony from being disturbed, and it s tho special duty of the Bureau of Records and Vits] Statistics to seek out the disturbiog ln- fluences, and to report them for the action of the Board. The functions of the Burean, therefors, relate particularly to the conditions ander which life and bealth and discase and death are found within the Motropolitan Sanitary District The Rogistrar of Records is also the Correspouding Secre- tary of the Board of Heulth, Ly means of the malls, commu- plcation is thus opencd with all parts of Europe and America. The laboratorios and all the storetouses of knowlodge of the 014 World are sought ont, and their oonolusions—the results of their resenrches ard experiments—added to the individusl experiences of tho members cf the Board. The pigeon-holes of the Corresponding Secretary ere the receptacies of informa- tion that perhaps conld bo obtained by no other means than by friendly epistolary infercourse, so thatall which is learved in Larope is immediately appliod in New-York and disseminated by the Board among the people of the United States. A new experionce, o new generalization here, is sent to the leaders of sanitary scignce in Europe, so that while the Board of Health are fully up with their compeers abroad, they become also tenchers in tmn. Sitting at the feet of the wisest and leara- tey apply oid rules in & new field, make new dis- coverlos in Lygiene, and change places with their totors. If, a8 Dr. Budd says, we have outstripped England in some points, 40, alwo, we huve been fully repuid by loarsing from Dr. Budd the fact that oholern poison may be destroyed by sulphate of iron aud carbulie aeid. THE SANITARY DEPARTMENT. The Sanitary Department of the Metropolitan Board of Health consista of o Superintendent, an Assistant Superin. tendent (whose oflice is in Brookiyn), an Engiveer, 15 Sanitary Tnspectors, who ure physicians, and a corps of 60 Pulicemen to execute the orders of the Board. The Sanitary Superictend- ent, nocording to tho Health law, must be an experienced and skidful physician and a resident of the District. It is made bis duty to exeonte the orders of the Board and to exercise s practical supervision in respect to the fnspectors, ag and other persors who bhave authority under the ac Ho s re- quired to make reporta weckly, or oftener, if neccasary, fn writing, statiog bis own action and that of bis subordiuates, the condition of (he public Leaitt, and any causes evdangering life or Lealth (Rat may kave come to bis knowledge duriog that period. T.e Banitary Buperintordent has the power to d minister onths iu matters pertaining to tue Board of Health, aud to enter, (xsmine and survey, withont fee or hinderas all grounds, erections, velicles, stiuctures, apartments, build: ings and jlces fn the district, Including all vesscls fa the ad Jacent waters, and all collars, sewers, paesages and excava tions of cvery sort and irspect the eafoty aud sanitary condi- tion, and make plane, drawings and descriptions of the samo according to the regulations of the Leard. The duties of the Assistant Sanitary Superintendent are the same as those of the Superintendent, but he commanicates with the Board o through bis superior officer. The Seni- tug wisdom, the duties they have performed. and of suck facts aa may come to their knowledge, pertaiuing to the beaith of the rict, a8 may e deemed worthy the attention of the Toard, or their regulations may require, The Engineer s required to make and superviso practical and sclentifio sanitary luvestigat and to prepare | and roports relative there The Police are required to execute the sanitary rule and orders of the Board of Heaith; to report all threatened darger to buman life or bealth; ¢1l viclations of the eode of health ordinances and of the health laws, aud all useful sanitary in- formation. ‘The Police Roard are required to coiiperate with the Board of Health for the promotion of the public heaith and the eafety of human | fe, and are aathorized to nse the appro. priate persons and means for thoso purposes. Indeed, without this covperstion the Bourd of Health would be couparatively powerless. The City of New-York fs &isided into seven Sanitary Dis tricte, each one of which is under the charge of an Inspector. Each district is divided four sectious, with an Assistent Inspector to each —the city baving elgbt—who is assigned to duty in the office of the Sanitary Superintendent. The City of Brooklyn, which ban seven Luspectors, is divided into six districts, iu tLo same manver, with an Inspector for each districs, whick is also divided fnto four sections, each of which is urler the charge of an Assistant Inspector. The Towns of West Farms, Yoo kers, Stapleton, Peekskill, Astoria, Irviagton, Flush- ing and 8! ng, each hnv Assistast Banitary In, spector, making a total of 15 Tnspectors aad 33 Assistents now attachied to the Sanitary Deju ut. When the danger of & pestilenco shall bave passed, this number, however, will bo reduced somewkat, to bo increased in should occasion require it. The Ssuitary Tnspectors number 15, of whom 10 are required by law to be **physicians of skill aud practical professioua! experience,” while the remairder are to be sclected with ref erence to their practical knowledge of scientitic and ssuitary matters, which may especlally qualify them for the duties that may devolve npon thew. The dutiex of the Juspectors, apart from those already named, are prescribed by the Board; but the powers conferred by the Health Act vpon tho Superin. tendent and bis assistaut extend also to each of the Inspectors, who may enter and examine all grounds, buildings, vessels aud places in the district, according to such regulations us the Board may sdopt. ‘When a complaint is made, in writing, to the Toard of Tealth, that any matter or thing in the Sanitary District is in 8 fou), unwholesome or offensive condition, the letter is in- dorsed and numbered in the Complaint Department and sent atonce to the Sanitary Department. Here it passes (nto the bands of the Inspector of the District in which the alleged nuf- sance is located, who visits and examines it, searches out ite causes, stadies the manner iu which it may affect tho publio Bealth, and reports misutely and in detail al that may ccme to Lis notice concerning tbe thing about which complaint has been made, together with an opinion based upon personal ex- amination, as 1o whotber it is in reality dangerous to life or prejudicial to health. The report is returned to tho Sanitary Superintendent, who examines it, and if ia legal forms, trans- mits it to the atlorney for the Board, who makes s proper order, in triplicate, which is brought before the Board at their ext meeting and passed. Two copies of the order then pass into the hands of the police, the original beiog filed in the office of the Secretary of the Board. One is served upon the owner, occupant, feasee or teaant of the premises to which it rofors, whils the third is retarned accompauied with an afli- davit of service, COFIRS OF Tili VARIOUS ORDERS ISSUED DY THE HOARD OF HEALTH. Tn cases where thero exists in the minds of the membera of tho Board of Hoalth no donbt concerning & nulsance. and where there Is immediate and urgent necessity for its abate ment, n peremptory order is issued iu the following form: Form 2.)—Order No. —. Copy, Order, avd Notice, he Mairopoltan Health Law Orrice ov Tin MyTROPOLITAN HOARD At of the Metropoliten Hoard dsy of . 1608, . st sl office. proces Naid Board declares, that it regards tie —— meutioned low'ug Order, & in & condition daugerous to life snd detrimental to besitls. and hereby mukes the following Usder, to wit O:d-red that ——— and that the saie be served nidlaw pro- vides; and that the Eoaid of Metropolitan Police do rxecute this Drder, unless withia five days aiter fho sereice therect, this Bosrd otherwie direct. (A True Copy.) , Besretary of Said Board of Heaith. To the Owners, Occupasts, Leasers, aod Teoasts of the wabject-matter to which the o Order relates. You will plesss totake notice of the Order of the Metropolitan Board of Health of which the sbove is 8 copy, sud that If, within five du after the service thereof upon you e 18 not complied with by Fou, (0 & far complied with or seid Board mey roasouable, a0d s not thereatter speediiy and fully executed,) cese o same wiil be exncuind ae thereln dieeted, cuted at your exponse, and thet of the liable there! Act, o1 cither, as Uie liorizes | #ud Bo faither notice will given you frelative to the action of the Board, or the execution be bereol. — + Becretary of said Board of Hewlth. ORDEB UNDER WHICH A HEARING MAY BE HAD. The following is & copy of an order under the First Classe of Section 14 of the Metropolitan Health Law under which the person rotified to abate nuisance mey spply for 8 bearivg, withia three days, for the purpose of Laviug the execution of tue order stayed or moditied: Orlar No. ——, Opinion, Docmetion snd Ordor, nnder the Pirs Claase of Section 14 of the Metropolitsu Health Law—Ch. 74, Laws of 1068, Urrice o Tae Marnororirax Boaxn ov i1 5. 371 Mott-st., New York Cit Ats uaetiog of tte Mutoportzax Bosk oF Hravin, beld on the sy of » 1666, e ing in the opinion o Bosrd e e 1 i oo 0] aniong ita records what it regards mu! i 8itiorise its declaration, ¢ aken wnd what i eaffglent u::m vulsance, LY gutes e , that th lika ma basibs pad Bomid dows tary Inspectors are required to make sewi-weekly reports of | axme in fte pecords as & nuisance, and makes, in respect thereto, the der, to d that,= and that frsed ad . order to be 2id Law teqoires reed cuted by the Bord o e it be 1ot commenced unti We fur.ber e siguature of (A true copy.) Secretary of wid Board of fles! b, GUSTENFION OF ORDER AXD KOTICE OF HEARING. ‘When an order s issued under the Fizst Cluuse of Section 14 of the Metropolitan Health Law, and the person upon whom it may be served applies, within thres days, to bave its execu- tion stayed or modificd, it is then the duty of the Board, save in cases of imminent danger from impending pestilence, te give such person an opportunity to pilsent facts and proofs against the declaration and the operation of the order, in which case an order like the following I issued: Form No. 8. Order No. ——. Suspension of Order aud Notica of Hesring under Wie Finsi Ciaave of se-tion 14 of tbe Ne.sopoiitan Lieaih Law, an but order of this bic Clapter 4, of Laws . ‘Orvica or Tun MrTROPOLITAN BoAnp 0» imarta ; No. 391 Motbat., New York, e This Board baving, on the — day of —, 185 " l)m-: Iative to ——, and sy ! effect that — w 106, been served upor ——, (Ve ug Order N 16 be = and to the gon baving, on of sbout the — day of being the proper party. —— having requested the oppor! n-"{ to 1 said see ion suti be heard before tiis Losid wheh eaid clane: i fzes, the execntion of ssid Ordet is bereby suspended it tie arder of this Board, And natice is bereby given to opportunity for a heatiiz, that facte snd proofs, ss suid law and before this Bosrd. st i offi e as at —— on that dsy, or a8 soon th wust take notice of the urnm od regulstions, aud « final Order io this matter, red t procesd In said mstter, at eaid time and atany aubarqroit meetiug. as the businsss of waid Bosrd willtlow s wad ol without farther vetice, beyond the service of & 3 oature —_—— copy hareol, As witneds Lhe signg e ity of said Board of Hoalih. FINAL ORDER. Aftor such facts and proofs have beon heard, the eae comes bafore the Board for finel action. If sufficient reason for & modification of an order cxists, a pow order 1 issued recitiog the origiual order and stativg the manner in which it has Leen modified, An order of this kind is also issued in cuses where 1l ginal has been partially complied with, but not folly: further ug_ean be ha of this Boar 1 no such reason has been given to the satisfaction of the Board, or if after three days the party dves not apply for a hearing, then o final order is issucd, from whiol thero is no appeal or oscape save through the medinm of an irjunotion resiraining the Boards of Health and Polioe from its execn tion. The following is a copy of the fical order, which in the blank space recites the original 10, First Clanss of So-tion 14 of iap. T4 of the Laws of 1956, no 0g be-u demand-d. or g MeTROPOLITAN Poanp or HraLr, No. 201 801787, NEW- Y ORK € ITY. This Board bhaving. on the — o wit: Crdered, { upon ——. the of 66, made the foll wing st ¢ ¢ % Aud the same § 3 Lorther Bletropolitan Board of Teaid order bo y As witiens tho sigaature of (A true copy,) Secrotary of said Board of Heaih. WHAT THE BOARD OF HEALTH HAS DONE. We have taken o ropid su.vey of the powers, duties, orgat: ization, and sources of information of tle Board of Health and the methods by which they promote the heaith of the Sanitary District, and abate those cvils which bygiene de: nounces as dangerous to life by causing diseass. We wil' pow glance for a moment at what bas been done, and we osn- not present this i better form than by giviog the following table, taken from the books of the Board, up to the lst inst, which includes evory specios of nuisance, from a fithy water closet up to a gigantio fat boiling establishment Total nomber of complaints received. 48,530; total number of general orders fasued, 18,616; total number of general orders complied with, 11,5 al numbor of special orders issued, 4 49, total number of special orders complicd with, 2,231; totsl number of gumodifisd fioal orders issued, 1,516 total nomber of wodified final orders fasued, 509; total number of generalj orders executed by Sanitary Police, 2240, t nrmber of rpecial orders executed by Sanitary Police, 379; pretiminary noticos issued by Sanitary Superinfendent. |80; preliminary notices tssued by Sanitary Superintendent com- Jlod with 60, prelim uary Mot ces issued by Sanitary & Jntendent not complied with, 1,200; filthy garbage boxe ber of xinks And water-closets cleancd wht woll removed from oty limite Wozses removed from eity limits, 1,63 ows removed from city ved from city limits, 97; pumber of dead moved from eity liwits, 72; nutwber of dead hogs re number of dead dogs and cata re number of dead calva city timits, 1,131; uosound veal 20,045; unsonnd B % unsound #0; ansound dond g sheep e wmovcd from eity limita, o frum ity limits, , removed fru posed from ity Nt . removed from city limits, a'{ removed from ity lial pousdd rewoved from city limin pounds. removed from eit ot offal rewoved from eity limits, 2 of barrelsof upsoand e gen removed from ity lim ber of pusnds unsound poultry, L6.0. IMPENDING PESTILENCE. The abeve statistics will give the reader a faist notion at Jeast of the condition of the Metropolitan Sanitary Disirict at the time of the organization of the Board ot Heoalth, The ar. rival of the Atalacta last November, laden with cholers poi pi destroyed 27 ons on Ward's . together with the fact that cholora llence in wany parts of Europe, made it it advent upon this continent. At v. Fenton iasied a proclamation nd before the needful measures for o Bobw' pocessary 1o prepare the reguest of the Board, of nding pestile {ts troatmest W ere com ia the city, ‘The sanitary officers were propared so fur as they could be by sanitary rosearches, and all that s anywh concerning the means of controlling of the poison bas been practioed bere. A bullding near the Five Points was secured as & bouse of refuge, the Darracks at the Battery wore fitied np for hospital purposes. arrangements were made to establish avotber hospital near Harlem in caso it should be needed, and & depot of disifectants was opened in Mulberry-st, near the central office of the Board. The streets wero cleaned, foul omells were destroyed, nt-houses were emptied and cleansed, and a complete plan organized and made ready to bo put into operstion at 8 moment's notice npon auy sudden or alarming outbreak of the disease. An effort was made to es- tablish quarantine station st Seguin's Point for the treat- ment and care of well passengers infected abips, but this effort failled from the o] 0 of the Staten Inlanders aud the inteiference of the courts. As yet an establishwent of this kind basnot been peeded; bui the mews of over 1,000 deatlis from cholera in London in 8 aingle week, and the fact the discase Las made 1ts appearance oa Staten Ilaud, leads us to believe that we may have another importation of the poison, and that those who so violently opposed this measuro on the part of the Quarantine Commiss'on and the Board of Health may yet wish they had taken 8 broader view of the danger and the means by which it could be partially obviated, if not entirely overcome, MEIHOD OF TREATING CHOLEEA. ‘Whenever a caso of cholera is reported to the Samitary §o- perintendent an Inspector fs immediately sont to the promi ses with modicines sud disinfectants, If no physician is at hand the oase is treated by the Toapector of the district in which the disease exists; the yard is treated with liwo end conl-tar powders, the privies flooded with salpbate of iron end carbolio acid, sud the entire premises thoroughly disinfacied. If & casa comes to the notice of the Tnspector of any distriot, e goes to the nearest Police Statiou and telegraphs the fact to the Contral Oflice, nsking assistance if ho needs it, naming the condition of the patient and tho prewises, and statiog what disinfectants arejacceassry, Where the case demands it, and tho case capnob Feeeio proper care upon tho prowises where Le is attacked by the disease, or where large numbers would be exposed to iufection, be is rewoved to one of the cholera hospitals ard the plsce iu which be siokezed s thor- oughly disinfected. Thus by means of the Pollce Telegraph and the Police Oflicers all cases are known instantly st the central office and immed!ately cared for. 102 DISINFECTING DEPOT. The establishment at No, 38 Mulberr. is under the coharge of James It. Christie and elght assistants, who have also #ix horses and four wagons for the purpose of earrying Qisinfectants to all parts of the eity, and using them wpon premises which bave been invaded by the cholera poison. From four to eight carts and from 12 to 16 wen have been em- ployed in disinfecting the atreets and uaing chemical agents that arrest putrefaction and destroy foul odors in the publie places of the city. The following table siows the ameunt of disinfeoting sgents sud antiseptics used since the Depot was opened: Sulpliate of Jron 120,000 pounds; Chloriusted Lime 5 Logeheads; Pumanganato of Potassa 90 pounds; Carbollc 0 pounds; Coal Tar 25 barrels; Quick Lime 1,500 bur- Charcoal 1,000 barrels. Beside all this, fificen gallons of Dr. Squilb's diarrkea mix- ture, put np in ounce vials, have been grataitously distrib- uted o the poar from the police stations. Thus, in every way, from first to last, the Board of Health has fought the pesti- lence, step by step, wherever it appeared, axing all the weap. ons known to the medical art aud to sanitary sclence, with tho exception only of the romedies suggested aud used by un- orthodox medioal paactitioners, In the last aualysis this ex- ception will be foud to Lave little weight, for au effort to cure & patient is secondary to that which prevents citizeus from becoming fll. When prophylactlo measures are successful, remedies are unnecessary; and although peing were token to Areat the sick in the absence of & knows specific, and fu viow of the fact that all intelligent sicians of any school may control the premonitory symptoms of the disesse, the matter 18 ot of vast importance. % CHOLYBA HOSPITAL8—~CONCLUSION. Tlospitals for the reception and treatment of cholers patients have been established under tho suspices of tho Hoard of Health, both in Brooklyn and Now-York—two in each city - but their otility still remains to be proved. Iy whatever method the patlent i to be treated all the evidence now goes to show that it is fax Lettor to treat the ill in the places where they sicken, and if the bouses be overcrowded to remoye the well until tho premises oan be oleansed and again made habit- al It is not yet time, however, to speak of resuits. Tho diseaso is among us, not to an alarming extent, it is trae, and we may well wait for o final report from these lustitutions be- fore we attewpt any deductions. Thus far the city has beon spared frow & yioleat epidemis, walsly tbrough the yilvite of (he Toard of Mealth, and if wo have aided in any way in ths forexoiug article iu showing the pablic bow it has been dove, aud in giving the readera notion of the importance of sanitary and hygionio mensures innchieviog this resalt, our labor shall not have been dons altogether in vaia. —-— The Eléanb of the City, The only new feature concerning cholera that has boen developod since our last report is the fact thatit kills wore quickly than herotofore, It doos not destroy & greater number of lives in & given length of time, but it completes its work in a much shorter period. Of tho nine deaths reported yesterday to the Barean of Records and Vital Statistlos, four were ill 1:as than sevon hoors. ‘This is one of the peculiaritics of the disease, and iu the present instance, at least, may be partially charged apon the localities in which the outbreak 0o- curs, The epidemic on the islands seems to bo entirely under coutrol, aud it is mot jrobable there will bo avy very great mortality from this cause in the public institutions of the city, while the sanitary measures now In force are continued. In the oity the work of arresting putrefaction in the streets, by the nse of antiseptics, is being carried on with vigor; while the prompt disinfection of premises whers the disease makes its appearance, slthough it does not eutircly gvercome the enemy, thas far prevents a pestilence. Tho successful adoption aud application of byglenio laws to those exposad to the diseaso fa the public institutions verifies the truth of the prineiple upon which she Board of Health is acting. We again, for their own persona) safety, nrge our citizens to use sulphate of {ron aud carbolic acid in their sinks, watorsclosets, house-drains and eewors twice n day, as ono of the best means of keeping the poison away from thelr premises. The decrease in the number of doaths, favorable ea it s, is balanced by the new symptom we are compelied this morning to report, for the suddesness with which it kills shows the virulence of the poison. It is well that it iv not widely difticsed, and wo aope it will be confined to its present limita, by the use of the only means yet known to science by which that object may be attained. NAMES OF THE DEAD. We givo herowith the names of the dead sinoe our last re- port as gathered from death-certific Records and Vital Statistics: Avaust 11.—Catherine M. 0'Connell, 10, New-York, north- eost corner of Fifiy-fourthest. and_ Eleventh-ave, {1l 6 bours; Ellen O'Keefe, 50, {reland, No. 42 Hevry-st, 11l 6 houre; Julia Brown, 26, Leeland, No. 15 Washington at., died Battery Bar- hours; Eizabeth Hastings, 30, Ireland, recks Hospital, ill 0. 9 Rousevel ed Daiery Barracks Hospital, i e i , %8, Trland, No. 87 Mu berry-st, died i Rattery Barracks Hospital, 1l 7 hours; Susan Magaon, 2, Irelard, No. 212 East Thirty-seventhst,, ill 16 hours: Mary Edwards, €8, Ireland, No. 54 Madisot st.; Elizabeth Donohue, 40, Lreland, No. 54 Oak-st., 1l 14 bours; Bridget Kier Treiand, No 67 Mulberry- t 10.—Hridget Connully, Ireland. No. 31 Baxter st ; ) Gerwany, No. 113 West ‘Thirtr-firstst ; Mary ‘Atkius, rk, Battery Barracks Hospital; John Coliins, freland. Red House Hospital; John Carrol, Ereland, Ked House Hospital, Henry Littlowood, New-York, Red iouse 1. Jeuter, Geimany, Tiattory Barracks Hospisel: Neill, Irelard, No. 33 Groanwich-st.; Ellen Wal, SIXTEENTH-ST, GAS-HOUSE. Complalnt Las been made by a resident in the vicinity of the Sixioonth-st. gas-house us follows: * All day yesterday aud last night if you bad bappened in in the vieinity of the gas house, you would have supposed that every privy {n the city bad been poured out into the street under your very window, TIs this intolerable nuisance to be agatn revived? It bas cortainly been remedied for a time, and it can be eTectually.” Tue Board of Health, so long as it bas suthority to control the matter, will lasis. upon the gas comp living up 1o the instructions given them, They will be held to strict account iu the corduct of their business, according to the instractions of the Health Board, — Cholern in Brooklyn. They have a fresh outbreak of cholera in Brookiyn, spparently cbout once a week. On Satanday, 22 cases and 18 deaths wore reported to tue Sanitary officers, The causo for tho presout ontbreak may remain always unknown; but if it should prove to be the result of the recent discharge of prison- ere who had been exposed to the fufection, it would sarprise few porliags, save those who so bastily did @ very unwise thing. THE NEW CHOLERA HOSPIIAL. The new Cloleza Hosp apleted to-day. 1t is land-ave, itusted about 50 feet from Port 1 threstenod to suspend business {3 the Nay- o baflding is opened for the reccption of patients. We fancy it woeld be diflicult to trace a siogle case of cholera to the fact of using the Battery Burracks as a Lospital, aud haye bt the same event will occur in Brookiyn, main structure is of wood, 75 feet long by 25 faetin | width, and beilt with the vlew of specially adspting it to the sad purposes for which it is intended. The floor is elevated et from the ground. so as to avoid the dampness under- The ventilation is also we'l attended to. 1 is designed for the accommodation of 36 patients—I8 on exch side, with ample passage-way betwecn; waics and females will be separated by a partition. The kitchon is detached from the main building. Ttis13 feet square, and stards (as 1150 does tho privy) over o sower running throngh the Purk, and whick carries all objectionable matter into the channel vear Wallabout Bay. 1115 DIET OF THE PRISONEKS IN KINGS COUNTY JAIL, Sheriff of Kings County and Lis tarnkeys seem to Lavo a cult task ia settling the question of the dict of their pr one The aflidavit submitted to the Board of Health, a fow days ago, made by persons subject to appointment and re moval by the Sherifl, bes brought forth the following counter- affidavit from Dr, Willetts, phyaician to the jai Kings County, City of Wrooklyn, an.: Andrew J, Willsts. M. D, being duly sworn, dutts dej o @ an Tam physicin to the Kings Jail; that belorbend aiter the appearance of cholers in that o 1 bave persistenily urged inge i proper we of which o fmprovemen t ‘Spervi T of and that on the appesranca of the one of the wewbere of the sl Committes fn presence promed upon the the mecessity of Ang ko dist: b did not ¢ tim o of food been employed as a article as taging; that | have com. b food and the use of blsek cof: s injurious, and rendercd the ususl aed the keepers that oweetened with molasses B remedics employed for the cnre (f the provailiug diarrhes of vo the thre eholora in the §ail [ b ' four b wud, with threw tinies, and ou (wo o four tunes . and sowe of these visits occupying not n three hen recels lug from the keepers Botice of the sypear- av, | Liavo lisarily oboged Tho call and tiat | fave himcientiously smylayed what ability 1 am possessed of, sud devoted U tiie necessary to stay the Favages of the disrase. ww J. Wireers, M. D, Bworn to befure we this 11th day of August, 1963 Josxru Mox Commsesioner of Deeds. CASES ON BUNDAY. The following onses are reported to the Health Board as D rred in Brooklyn from 8 o'clock Satarday evening to 8 o'clock Sunday evening: Ellen Gillooley, No. 236 Washington-ave. Had eaten cad. bage, Dead. Haunah Folthart, nesr Nelson's Hotel, Flatbush. Dead. This is the ffth case in that neighborhood, trick, Hawiltou-ave., soutk side, near Swith- un Ciare, No, 17 Luqueer-st.; 1o Cholera Hospital. Mis. Margaret Hogg, Lugueer-st, near Colambinst. Alex. pan, N, E. corner of Vau Brunt and Sullivan-sts. ; bad eticnded o person sick of cbolers. Jokn Mehony, No. 44 President et. Removed to Cholers Hospital. ¢ Mre. Maria Clark, cornerof Conover and Partition.-sts Takes 6 p. m. August Mes. W, Teinetonn, Conover-st., near Partition-at, —— Rilcy, Van Brant-st,, near Willism-st. Ellen White, K oty Juil. August Butler, No 4 Furman st Dead. Mary Dougherty, 122 East Warrenst. Dead. No medical attendaoce, “Thowas Riloy, No. 61 Douglossst.; taken at 7 o'clock ye terday worning: died at 4§ o'clock ia the sfterncon. (%e- ported to the police.) This makes a total of 14 cases reported yesterler, op to 7 o'clock in the evening. Of this number six died. Since Friday noon the total number ef cases bave been-36, of which 14 died. There oan scarcely be a doabt that this great increase of oholera 18 ettributable to tue release of prisoners from jail, on the dth i and thet they buve scattered the disease over tho entire T ro several instances which prove this, emong them the following When the Jail was omptied, many of the prisosers wade & rush or Madden's drinking stiop, on the corner of Myrtie-ave. and Raymond-st., where they spent what little money they bad for liquor. ‘The place is kept by two brothers, One hes since boen taken with the disease and died. The other was subse- quently taken, but was alive at last accounts. A wan nawed Jobn MeGurn, 2L years old, wko hed been released, wont to his home in Twenty-firstst., Gowanus, He was taken sick on Sundey, and died on Monday. His grand- mother, Mary McGurn, aged 80, was taken sick on Moudsy night, and died next day. Same day, Hugh McQurn was taken gick, and was on Saturday reported ina state of eol- lapse. The nurse, named Maitha Cook, wae taken sick, and is also in a state of collapse. Thore ere similar oases of an equally distressing character, althongh the number in & singlo family may not have beeu #o ll';' s ro| above. 'he pationts in the Jail expected. Only one tionts now ocenpy ten! for their aoconmods Those laboring with tb gresaing favorably. It §raBBING AFPRAY.—On Friday night last, while Albers Poolo, residing at No. 130 Wost Teathst., was oo yersing with a friend at the corner of Broome snd Laurexs ste., ono Joho Frankie came up, and, passing his armn around ATe progressing as was reportod yeste hich Lave been erected Il a0 can be y. The pa- in the yard (iseaso (0 the Penitontiary are pro bolioved that but faw wili die. the bdy of Poole, stabbed Nim in the 1oft side of the veck, fuflicting & sevors wound. ‘The assailant was ot once takon into custody by OMieer Allason of the Eighth Precinct, and on Saturday ho was eommitted for trin by Jostice Ledwith, without bas, in the Bureau of 1 1 Brooklya will in all probability botween Caaton and Navy-st. The residents of the ity continue to protest against it, and Admiral Bel), we ard —it appesred so formidable to them. gentlewmen. some fine male qiartette singing. Institute adi “ 01l Hundred gentloman of many, and very importat the position. h capacities with great ability, while EDUCATION, ST 3 Americnn Iustituie of Nastruotion. THIRD DAY. From Qur Special Comespondeat. BURLINGTON, Vt., Aug. 10, 1868, Tho exerelses at tho opening of the third day of the Institute were attended by the usual large number of ladies and gentlemen. Among otliers present, not heretos fore referred to, were represontativee from Missonsi, Canada and other remote points, It waa ascertained that from the City of Providence alone 39 delogatcs wore ig attendance. Prayer was offered by the Rov. Mr. Were of the Unb tarian Chureh. Tho first subject for consideration being thet of Tuesdagy viz., the influence of achools upon our commerce, religion civil polity, &c., the Rev.d. K. Converse of Burlingtos took the floor, and made remarks tending to magnify the importance of the teacher exertinga proper persousl is fuence. Mr. Ladd of Providence made an eff.ctivo adiress show ing the relations of education to the body politic, and wad followed by Mr. Bawyer of Connecticut on tho same rol topic, “Mr. 8. expressed the hope that some sul text-book would be speedily written and issued to the very want now experienced in comamon schools, in the matter of imnparting education to young Auiericaus respeod m;i the iustitutions of their country. 'he Hon, Joseph White of Massuchusetts uphln‘dfl meaning of “polity” in contradistineticn from * policy, a8 applicable to political and ecclesiastical nfi‘-in,'fl stated that thero were already steps taken looking to! the publication of & text-book or b ks designs correet instruction on matters of civil polity. Mz. Dodd of Nantucket Mass,, made a speech narrating some of his expericnce as a teacher in imparting instrues tion to children about political afiairs. At this point Mr. Hoyt of Providence, from the Comw wittee ou Resolutions, pro the following, whiok were, fter addresses from Messrs, Hoyt, Prof. iillh\‘ of Brown University, and Mowry of Providence, mously adopted. The hour of 11 o'clock having arrived, the Tustitute listened to an addrees by the Hon. George ¥, Edmuu United States Senator from Vermont, on ** Learning ,rxnmEm safozuard of Liberty and Order.” (As this ade dress has already been reported at Middlebury College, wo foroear to republish any eketch at tho present time.) ‘The lecturer was rece with great cordiality, and his thoughtful utterances commanded close a:tention and elicitod warm applause. The Convention adjourned till afternoon At the opening of the afteruoon scesion the Chairmed road letters received from several dist s guished gentlemen, rogretting their inability to be prescnt, and commending the work of those engaged in teacking the young, A slection of officers for the ensuing year was then held, sad the list reported by tho Nominating Committce was um\nimousl{ chosen a8 follows: Whereas, It has pleased God to remove by destd ono of the_original officers of tue lustitute, Rev.” Frauols Wayland, D. D, and LL. D.; therefore, . Resolved, ‘Thatin his death we recognize ti loss of one whose pes, voice and personal influence Luve dor uch to ad- vancs the eause of education and mold the present age; and while we pay & tribute of resi 0 the wemory of one so em- inent as an edacator, we would gratefully recognize the serv. ices of the first President of the Awerican Lustitule of Ia straction. President: WiLLIAM E. SHELDOY, Boston, Moass. Russell, Lancaster, Mass.; lu-z el 8. e, Providence, Vice Presidents : Willi Barnard, Hartford, Conn.; Samu I.; Ariel Parish, New Haven, Cor ieorge B, Emerson, Toston, Mass.; Natban Ledges, Newark, N. J.; Z B ikl-}, Brooklyn, M, rds, Washington, D. C.; Jobn W. omas Sherwin, Boston, Mass.; David N. Camp, Newn Britain, Conn.; Jobn D. Phiibrick, Boston, Mass.; Alph Crosby, Salem, Muss.; Evesezer Hervey, ford, Muss,: THeury E. Sawyer, Middictown, Coun.; ward P, Weston, ' Farmiogton, Me.; Emery F. Sirong Bridgeport, Coun; D. B, Hagar, Belom, Cad A. P. Stone, Portland, Me,; Charles Northend, New-fril Conu ; B. G. Norturop, Ssxonville, Mas: Joln Knee Roxbury, 3 T, W. Valentive, Brcokiyn, N. ¥ ; J. B Littieficld, Bangor, Me.: Joseph White, Williaumstown, Mass. Charles Hammond, Monson, Mass.; Alner J, Poipps, Lowt Mass. ; Jobn W, Dickiuson, Westfield. Mass ; Mervick L Providence, R. L; Eloridge Smith, Dorcbester. Mass, ; b | M. Perkius, Broogiyn, N. ¥.: Ssmuel W. Mason, Bostom, Muss.; A. A, Miner, Boston, Muss.; Alvert Harkness, Prove donco, I6. 1.; M. H, Buckham, Buslingwn, V., D. W, Ste vens, Full River, M David Crosby, Nashus, N, H.; P, Atkingon, Cambridge, Mass, RECORDING RETARY—Charles A, Morrill, Boston, Mase, ASSISTANT RECORDING SECBETARY—tieorgo T. Littl:fiald, Somervilie, Mass. CorrespoNDING SEORETARES—T. D. Adams, Newton, Masey J. J. Ladd, Provideacs, K. L TreAsURER—Graovilie B. Putnsm, Boston, Mass, Criatoss—J. E. Horr, Lrookline, Mass.; Samuel Swes Boston, Mass ; Heary C. Hardon, Boston, Mass. CLyso! es A" Page, Boston, Max.; C. Goodwin, Bos ton, Muss ; Edward Stickuey, Newton. Mise. Covssriuors—Charles Hutchivs, Boston, Mase ; Georze W, Bigelow, Framinghao, Mass.; Williaz 1. Adems, Dostom, A. G, lh?dlu. Tridgewater, Mass.; W. A. Mowry, N, A. Calkios, N, Y, City; 4. W. Wi Ric! Y. (3 oston, A D. W. Jones, Roxbury, Mass. . A ew-Britain, Coun.; A. 8. Iliggins, Brooklyn, N, ‘wiop, Lutlington, Ve, aud D. W. Hoyt, Provk ntoken of respect to the memory of morbers cceated during the last year, were intros Zreod toy . Philbrick of Boston, fi < 5 Connths tutiona! amendments, reported an rmendmen! ing some change in the method and ter i propos: f membership whieh was of no public interest, and went over for actios until the next yoar's session, Prof. Harkness of B.own University was introduced te open a discussion on—** The r!m;u of clussic and scieutifie studies in a libersl edueation.” £ The speaker said a Lberal education should require, 3, culture and diseipline; 2, it ehovld spread all hmvl«‘gl before the person who seeks to acquire such an educationg Ao, it should provide such person wit constant sad varicd supply of ull knowledge. 1o this education may Dest be acquired is ono of the great problems of the day, and the speaker gave at cousidersble length bLis opinios a8 to the merits of the system for achicving that end, with some consideration of the prop: r place tor the scieaces the classies therein, nces briug to the seholar the sube stantial part of education; classics impart to it the lustes aud polish. Mr. William P. Atkinson of Cambridge, Mass., followed inu speech, explaining his peculiar views on the subjeet. Several other gentlemen were desiring to be heard, but the Lonr assigned to anotlier subject amved, and it became necessary to cut off the debate. - Miss Ellen Seaver of the Now-York Normal School s Oswego, gave aa exhibition of ** object teaching.” A class of ) brizht urchins was brought upon the platform, all of them unknown to the teacher, and sho imparted to them the kunowledge of transparency, opaqueness and semi-transparency, by means of some win: ow-glass, some tin and some vinegas which she prodiced before them. The suswers aud the maner of iastruction wero highly enjoyed by the eutire Convention, and the Chairman ex- presicd the thanks of the body to Miss Seaver for her ef cient performance. At the close of the exhibition, Mr. N. A. Caikins, Assistant Superintendent of Sedoole for the City of New-York, was then o iled upon # sy & few words upon subject of “Object Teacht « d listened remarked that it might be asked by some who A with so much pleasire to the class vxercise Why spend sa much time in teaching the class to repeat ¢hat “Tin is sal to be opaque because we can nof see though it; Glass is said to be transparent, because weo can see tl it; Vinegar is said to bo semi-transparcit, because we cannod soe throngh it clearly?” Why pet el them these fucts o8 onee, and require the pupils to cemember and recito them® Why lead the pupils to ser chese qualities before telling them what to say? In answering these supposed questions, he said: Why do teachers spend so_ much time in teaching readi Arilling th ‘-ng ar long upon the ssme lesson? W does the gymnast vhenbe would develop power of mu exorcise for day efter day for months? Ho knows that i 18 by cooreise and experience from use, that he can attain that strengs Which ke desires to enable him to accomplish 9 fents, hig fente, o know that it is throfigh exercise and ez rience that childron may attain the power of using and sccurately their mental fuculties 8o as most thorougl .n.'mxr«-!m{ly to attain that knowledge which con: jatos n good education. It is becuuse we desiro to develop y to their full powers, the mminds of our pupils that we thus train them to observe, which they see possess the pos reater stores of knowledge after the teacher's work is tinished, as well a3 10 hear and tell that and lear, Wo do this also that they may er of learning that they can casily acquire 1t is now nearly four yoars since object lessons were in- troduced into the Primary schools of the City of New- York. At first the teachers feared to nudertake the wock p'l"hoy were ;:‘- couraged to commence by ng some simple lessons, as z!n»% learned to un.lmytnm the subject somewhat better, to attémpt others, When remembering that 1,200 teach- ers were thon employed in the Pri: schools of thay city, all unaequainted with the real work of object teach- ing, end now observing the progress thut has feen made in the publie opinion of these teschers upon this subject, and tLe beneficial results upon the resl progress of the pu- pils in o/l their studies—reading, rllinf. arithmetics and ogruphy, as weil as tho specitic abject us, the resuls farnishes the stronzest argament in favor of its utlity. Our gim in the use of these lessons is ot t0 make object lesson itself the end of our aim, nor theinformation which the pupil roceives directly from the objeot lewson. The discipline and the power of aoquiring kuowl which these exereises impart to the papils is our chief ject fn their use. Adjourned till evening. 3 Thju‘e\'flling ifl‘duu \as devoted to Lcaring shord of the Institute from various By I ¥ wore sz bighly convivial salutations exchanged by Messts. Ladd of ode Island, D. B. O huseits, Morrison of California, Calking of New- York, Cn;lb‘o{) Ifi‘x-‘m’m :Llln.b‘:'dnm of Vermont, ichard of the ict o lum! seversl leggroess Ar. L. B. Monroe of Boston also contributed Some elocutionary performances, and there was Resolutions of thanks to the lo of Butlington for their unbounded hospitality to the lectarers, wnd speake at the Convention, and to the retiring and singers, cars of the shme, wero inicoduced axd siopted, and the quyvd sine die at 10 p.m., sfter singing sidont of the Institute, Mr. Sheldon, is & t qualifications for He has sorved tho sssociation in various he i3 an edueator with The new aims, and with a knowledge of his p'l\f'mivr:.l:'h_h As l.;‘" aequi h groster exporience, e is madt men aeqairo with much ¢ P e of the Hancgek Sebvol b Basion, sud aided