The New-York Tribune Newspaper, August 10, 1866, Page 2

) b O THE SOUTH. —_— EHE SOUTH AND THE PHILADEL. PIIA CONVENTION. e 14 ER OF SOUTH CAROLINA MEMB OF CONGRESS ELECT—THE NEW K NOTE TO BOUTHERN TON udence of The New-York Tribure. Cuariestos, 8. C., Jaly 1 State is terril g of tho D WHO SHALL GO? Cony Our rallant little time about the ass: he South [t Iphia on the 14th of 4 think a break in the elou have fo long overspread her sky; aud expects to ile” in the grave rations of that t as The Daily | News of this eity—the organ of the rampant Secession el- mont of the State—after commending and applanding the movoment for some time, suddenly * snuffed treason iz ‘This sudden sun the tarated gale,” and sounded aretre mersault was ¢ nsed by from a trustwo. gont on, 10 an article w But it has recovered from its temporary spasn wheeled into line again, following the lead Gov. Ot It is proposed by some of the N Licad pa- her South shall sen: pers, that t members elect to Congress, Thi $y some of our leading journals. Now let juire, mbers elect from South Carolina? Out of who fonght through the Rebellion, ngain in the dy to Lgh portunity pr federate Aiken Charlestol sorvative of is the only 1, 3 1 take a seat in the Cony )x' she ignores free suffr: that her number: indne! eils will be an 1npo! degrecs, and ully s to viobilize and consolidate who ¢ of consistoncy or prop The South knows th Qisfranchises t the national cou «* growing small b neW wove is desig eassion, State Rights, their Copperbead svi form u party that may be respoetable in hope, if b0 more, to he able to Lol the balance of pow And when our representatives are admitted into Con and arc able toact i cert with their Northera al the old war cry will bo ruised, will again be arrayed in hostile attity s they have boca Yor the last 35 vears, with, perbaps, o small cha tho programme. The key-note—the “abclition of Slavery— will bo struck out. Hut hatred to the nigger " will ofore wo have loved bim, ud: vonlnp“ him, but now we Late him becau oisafr AL ith a hoe in his hand, he was all right an honored him; but with a vote in his hand, be is a @ Sud we detest him. ply its place, The o GEORGEA. . ¥UB STATE OF THE CROPS—FRERDMEN'S LABOR—EX PERIENCE OF NORTHERN PLANTERS—STATE OF PUBLIC FEELING. ®josisl Correspondeace of The N. Y. Tribune, SAVANNARL Aug. 5, 1375 The cholera has raged fearfully at the quarantine on Tybeo Island, butas that is fifteen miles from here, our citizons are not greatly alarmed about it. Up to the last eport we learn that 95 men had died of the disease, and 51 more were ill with it; 38 were elsoill of other M'his is exclusive of the deaths among deseriers ia the marshes. This does not leave more than two-thirds of the 473 men who were landed from the San Salvador. Thedisoaso hae assumed a milder type, and is now reported to be abating. We have had one genuine case of cholera in the Tty during the past week, and one su! suspocted cage of yellow fever. The total number of ileaths the past week wasonly 19. The general bealth of the city during July hasbecn rerarksbly good. Theoldest hysicions hiere never saw a July with less sickness. This ue to the fact that our sanitary condition is it bas beu in past years; the streets and lanes clean. T he th was dry, for the past ten s been very fine. Though the first por- lays we have Doen blessed with copious showers. The mercury bas not yisen above 98 in the shade when fairly expo ud judg from heat jng from all accounts, we have suffered far than our Northern nds. nd cotton have suffered severely in eome , the recent ruins have saved much ntly doomed to dest ac- eounts from { are of amore cheerful character. 3 have talked with a great many pl s of late—men wh e cultivating rice aud long” staple cotton on thoe § Talands or vear the coast, both in Georgla and South Car- While co: ortions of t ‘which was appa olina. The Southern men all agree in saying that the negro won't work either for himself or for them, and that with fow except ¥ are untrostworthy; that the new pysten isa fuilure, and that nothing Lut the lash will usko & full crop. Most of them expect to make only wbout half & crop, have uo faith in free labor, and talk dismally of the fat On the other hap eonvorsed wi e. all the Northern men whom 1 have ough having nuwmerous difficul to contend with are expecting to make from 200 to 600 per cent on the capital invested this year, and many of them have pold their crops in advance at that rate. Not a single man T soen who does not say that he is making money by a of cotton or rice, aud that almost auy ell.” Every man of them ser profits and better crops next year than this, because the land had grown uvp to weeds, and they et many difficultics which they will Lot encounter next oar. ’Mounx man from Massachusetts leased a plantation of 5,000 acres last Winter on the Savannah River, within 10 miles of the city. I wentallover the rice fields with him s month azo, and he informed me that the total expense of cultivativg the place, including rent, would be about $20,000 for this year. 1lis crop. as estimated by good l:d 08, will be at least 55,000 buskels of cicar rice, worth 1860 $1 per bushel on the [!-Iwcv. Of course, it awill be wortl much wore now. He has old overseer— Ihu{mllhim Superintendent now-a-days, and the hands jorm the same tasks now which they did under the old stem. He will cultivate the same land next year if no eocident befalls him, and expects to make o larger crop if hould be 8s favorable es the present has been. Col. , also a Northern may, cultivates a rice planta- tion on the Ogeechee River, and is doing well. Me com- plins that some ofLie hand oht their work, and get with their tasks at 11 or 12 o’clock, instead of 1 or 2 o'clock p. m., the usual hour, and though he will not ave 80 large a crop by it, still he will zet a good average rop, aud make sbout a8 much as our Massachusetts friond. Another year ho will plant by machine, and prob- mbly hoo and Larvest also by machinery. He is perfecting akind of horse-hoe, which will c e between the drills, hnd cut up all the weeds, leaving little for the hands to do afterward. He is daily expecting a reaping-machine, to harvest his crop, as it will undoubtediy do, with slight modifications, and thus dispense with xonln ng by band. A gentleman from Maine called on me last week. He, Yo _company with nine others—all discharged Federal poldiors, from different States North—came to South 'Carolina last Winter with from $1,000 to $3,000 each. Mboy found one of the wealthiest men in South Carolina on Lis tation near Beaufort. He had several thousand scres of land, but 1o tools, stock or money, and bhis old jpervants moetly lying idle on the place. They rented 000 scres of his land, for one year, 6t §2 50 per acre, and mmediately divided it into ten farus, each man owning & farm. 1‘23 agreed that they would cut loose entirely from tho old system of task work, sud make their bands Babor o full da, as all farmers o North. Each man bired z:-do—' 0 had alweys worked on the place—and w them 50 cents per day, or $15 & month when wor] “M‘:fl o secept ouly good work, and de- duet for lost time, bad work, $1'per day. To compen- pate for the long day, they added (o their rations, to the r week over (he old allowance, feeding their bands better than anybody else,and puid thew nnnl every Mnhdnfiht, reserving only the value of m‘l for & week vance, and discharging them whenever they desired to leave. At first, the hands declared that they could not work without & aud then, st 1 o'clock . m., they left the field, because their day’s work was done. It took them soms time to understand that (h:{ would only receive pay for hall 8 day if they returned s that hour, but finall accustomed to working a full day, and lik E—. system better than the old.~ He assured me that ork is about one tagk aud @ half on e aver- ng or “long staple” ocoasionally leave their .ittle farms a week and hiro themselves to him, to purchase rations, their capital hav- been too small to support their fawilies a or till crop was harvested. They invariabl, 50 o riod, and return to their own crops in from suffericg. It is generally 0 hire those men next to &) their fami- g:ln crop for them- . They are very sme when he began the and need to n""mmm, and that n.“fi.:%?na before he saw me. This Bl H L E ¢ ! peam of v & WAL of i B foesn. Young s © can resoen, Young farmors in the North with a little capital will come wvmmum three times as much as 'E:Z ‘ean st home, and more than double what they can W 1t will not be before they will find this ouit, and learn ithat the tem| bere during Summer is Dot high to {njure Norther wen or prevent their labor in old. cannot only get nearly double the labor bands the new system, but it is performed "Ibe kindest fecling cxists between these North- mflnna the old land-holders, and between %’ aad their former masters, as far as they can ob- perve, Any defictency of manual labor in the South will eoon ‘o supplied, when such facts as theso becows generully ‘nown Nogih, aad Lugsoved wmachiuery will be buiuduced gH tives to which we are now entitled, two | 2% to tako tha pl roara will not pass away before the South will e vate 4 third more land, and raiss @ third larger crop, 1t over before, if the country continnes at peace, witnin and without, But will the country be-at peace? Will the politics, and work industriously warees ! What are the foclings of tho g from the toue of the and from ail we see and hear in this ity cem fr from being coptented o satisficd . tion, and evince r long as they are obl n man is popular here, or conld pos lie votes necessary to elect him Re s from tis district, or any other in_the nor could such a wan be sent to the Phila- \tion by a fair majority of the voters hero. le ly will not allow a Union man to repra. emn any where, On + good Confed- | e . 3 the s all great and who | v 18 which he held during the war, is the man to do 1 none other cau of ought to as they fe el now, s of the be sports to Southorn society is a good a Confederate soldior. 8o strong is this foeling v who deserted their army before the close of the t to prove that end, and are 8o t, an Ono ¢ rocord that n man, an ex-Feleral soldier, or Unio s s here, and they will endure to trade with him, but the doors of society are closed against him, unless he'will renounce his princi and that 2. Then, to use an expression T he last weck, “they would bo cordially welcomed in our 1 from Southern nt Johnson, be- nhabitants speak well of Pres they think he would have st Oath” modi- d admit them to repraser wmediately, 1f t they llll‘lnl t hoy do C the orthern ceable express o belief and an have another chance to d that unless they are d as they ar don't care how soon er 18 again i caanot avoid fecling that wo have cause for some uneasiness. 1 know several mon camo South last yaar, willing lmost a z, 1o admit nber elect s immed not wil T animosity towa i , I should hope that ¢ Faise the Confederate f 3 t everythin sacrifice principle; men who were gool Democrats— aliwost Copperh Hundreds of such men, after resid- here for three or six months, have left for the North, d will no longer opposo Congress or the Republican party. Some have bosn so disgustod as to have become extrime Radi Lot all the conservat for themselves the true vo man who can eome South and se0 tatcof affairs, Let them reside hers, ot one, but threo or aix mouths, and talk frecly w body, witners the spinit_and temper of Southern people, and return North. 1 venture to say thhy would never con- sent to havo tho © Oath” abolisfied, until satisfied, h'\' actual observation, that theso people had entirely changed ence of Liberia was col- ry- reaary of the Tudepen 5 the colored people An oration was delivered 98 p T very quieti by a colo from Philadelphia, namod Sanford. Ho 18 3 Presiding E the A. Methodist Chureh, and a vory fiue speaker, superior to Sella Martin, in my opinion. Mrs. Jacobs and duughter, who were refused o passags on the steamer Leo a short time since, on account of «he wother being an octaroon, and were put off the boat— after they had purchased first-class tickets of men who ble to distinguish them from whits people—have en. They sccurod o first-class passage on the next | steamer for New-York and carried with them the tickets purchasod for the Leo. SCIENCE. BRI NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. — THIRD DAY'S SESSION—ANALOGY BRETWEEN LINGUISTIC AND PIVSICAL SCIENCE—LIMITATION OF HOMOLO- ES—NEW METHOD OF OPTICAL ANALYSIS—RE- CENT SOUNDINGS IN THE GULF STREAM—RRPEATED LINEAR SUBSTITCTIONS—TiIR METRIC SYSTEM. Spacial Dispateh to Tho N. Y. Tribune. NORTHAMITON, Mass,, Thursday, Aug. 9, 1806, The National Academy of Sciences went into its third scientific session at 9 o'clock this morning. Prof. Whit- ey of Yale Coliege read the first paper on *Grounds of Analogy between Linguistio Science and the Physical Sciences,” He reviewed briefly the considerations which prove the stady of languages to be a moral rather than a phyei cal solence. Yet lingnistic science bas many striking analogies with the physical sciences, especially in its method in collect- ing and observing facts, and drawing from them each of the uses, principles and laws of speech. Speech is & conscions a8 a system,the usages of specch are wholly inconscions, Langusge is nota mere human tavention, but adevelopment wronght by the changing needs and advancing kaowledge of the races of men. A prolonged and lively discussion followed the reading of this paper, in which the effort was to make out that linguistio science a physical department. Prof. Whitney agreed that sound is a pbysical produet, but the neience which is devoted to thought bearing scund is not & physical science. Language is a growth which is bistorical. Tho mext paper was by Prof. Agassiz, on the * Limitation of Homologies,” in which be showed tho entire difference of structure between vertebrates, artioulates, mollusks. and He argued from it against Prof. Dana’s principle of tion. In the absence of Prof. Dana be did not dis- cuss the bearings of his views at any length. Prof. Gibbs of Harvard College read o paper on & new method of optical apalysis, which he thought would bo of ereast value when fully developed. Mr. Henry Mitchell then read a paper on recent soundings in the Gulf Streaw, giving the mode and results of work near Southern Florida and Cuba. in which he had been engaged. Some discussion on Lis statistics followed, and also questions. J. E. Oliver then read a matbematical paper on repeated linear substitutions, which was warmly praised by Prof Peirce, who' considered it a great forward step la mathe- watics. The Hon. Samuel B. Ragples of New York was then in. vited to sit with the Academy, and present any papers he might bave tooffer. Ho came forward, and spoke at seme length of the success of the efforts of the Académy and others to introduce the metric system of weights and meas- ares, and especially of the five cent coin, v iich is five grammes in weight and onefifticth of & meter in breadth. The cube of the breadth of five of these colns is a liter. He urged the Academy to contiuue its effints, and spoke of tie desira- bility of & uniform colnage for the world, and the prospects of realizing such s good thing. At10'clock, the Academy sdjourned on aeconnt of the many papers remaning unread. An afternoon session will be held at 3 o'clock. ¥ ulogy on Dr. Edward Hiteheock will be delivered to-night by J. P, Lesley. Theo. Strong of Rutgers College, Gen. Barnard and Mr. James Hall of Albany are tue latest arrivals of members. SECOND DAY'S PROCEEDINGS. From Our Special Comespondent. NORTHAMPTOY, Mass., August 8, 1266, The National Academy of Sciences reassembled in scien- tific session this morning at 9 o'clock, Prof. Henry, the Vice-President, in the chair. In my last letter I wrote you that the last paper of yes- terday was ““ On Traces of Glaciers under the Tropics,” by Prof. Agassiz, who has just returned from Brazil. It em- braced the result of his explorations in the Valley of the Amazon, and gave many most interesting statements as to the traces of glaciers there found. Prof. Agassiz spoke of the first observations made in Switzerland, showing the much greater extension in an- cient times of the Alpine glaciers, which filled up the wholo valley between the Alps and Jura, and rose to the hight of 3,000 or 4,000 feet against the latter chain. In making these observations end deducing their results, Prof. Guyot had done much the greatest sbare of the work, without receiving due credit. Here his (Agassiz's) own part in the work began. He did not believe that this extension was due to local causes, and went to searching for traces of like glacial action elsewhere. He found abundant evidence that Britain had once been covered with continuous glaciers, as is Greeuland now, and, after along and hard fight, the English :oalogia‘l had fully accepted the truth, ~ He bad found evidences of the same ection in this country as far south as South Carolina. T’ whole north of the globe had been covered by jce down to as low as latitude 32 deg.,, always pushing southward, not from the llu{:ln! of the land iu that direc- IEW-YORK DAILY TRIBUNE, FKIDAY, AI{UJJS;' 10, l866 from the atmosphere: it needed more heat to raiss so nt on to diseuss the causes whi hange of general tewperature, reject! of internal heat of the earth, and show- ~hange in the sun's power, or in the coustitus tonts of the atmosphere, would bo sufficient. ot, who is the best ar ity in the country on ¢l t 10} Prof. (n) all matters relating to the glacial period, spoke of his own sories of years in Norta Carolina, and nd in that region any scratches—(such as mass of drifting 1ce in more Nort! re found with more or less f explora from the to Pennsylvania, but especially in New-Es i was therefore inclined to receivo with doubt the t s of glacial action in the V of the Amazon until the data were more complete and convine- e further discnssion was ently desired, and st in this important matter was manifested. It 1 that the subject bo continued to this morning's scicutific meeting. The subject of the origin, format. ovements and effects of 13 one very ch mooted by geologists, and unow receiving an es- lly large share of nt! The discussion was st lively and interesting, and questions wero very fre- quent, At this morning'ssession, the subject was again brought atinued for about two hours, siz, after somo explanatory remarks, called f the Academy to some facts which had not roviously been clearly cousidored. Wherever scratches L.u! bean observed near th coast, it was secn that they extended under the wa <'the eyo could reack. This was true on tl 10, on Lake Erie, &e. Ho thought that temperature between the water and ice would hiave prevented this, if the water bad been at its present lev Assume that it is pi up, and ¢ Prof. Az the attentic «d that glaciers extended all ovor the country as low us 32 or even , what must have been the témperature of the earth’s surfice? Ho had reachied the conclusion that a temperature of 172 Fabren- hioit lower than now would ans the ditions. He believed that circumstances mado it highly probable that ciers mizht exist in the valley of the Amazon, and that oryth tended now prove that glaciers were much moré numcrous and general than has been supposed. His referenco to the small quantities of mattor and periods of time with which physicists deal, a3 compared with the masses of matter and vast periods of time with which geologists have to do, togother with the wide differ- eonen of view between himself aud Prof. Guyot, called up the latter, who again referred to the lock of evidence of glacial action on the North American continent south of tho 32d degree, and urged extreme eaution in nxsignxmf causes and drawing conclusions while the facts were stil w and 8o far from exhaustive. Prof. Agassiz explained that he had entirely abstainod from trying to set causes or press them in any way, but Bl kept silent as to them, in order to press the facts wore earnestly, Prof. Peirce apprehended that it was necessary to sup- pose that the heat of the ocean was as great in thit day as now, while he thought the result of Prof. Agassiz’s views must give a far different temperature, With the depth of icson f. Agassiz insistod, there must have been greater evaporation, ‘Ihero must have beena n because there was a greater surface, co of the ocean bad od 1,500 feet, 03 many had claimed, with so elevation of snow upon the land. juyot held that at fi\. temporatare of the atmos- imed it could not have coutaiued more than an nch of r 3 Prof. Frazer continued with similar viows. said that, before Prof. Agassiz's discovenes, tty th 4 clusio which Ho had supposed , 88 Wi pre- forth. d below viously L that the Winter deposition of snow was greater than the Summer meltin The question, then, 15 whence eamo the leat which finally elted this mass of ice! He was inclined still to bold to 1 view, that the heat came from within the carth, Peirco gave it as his opinion vesterday that 220,000,000 years had elapsed since the surface of the earth had been affected by internal heat,) He thought the fu introduced by Prof. Agassiz belonged to what were called “outstanding facts,” which were to be Leld for consider- ation until their proper bearing aud value could be more fully determ! J. P. Lesly mentioned or carry forward powers of erasion have b author even holding that thoe great lakes wero scooped Now he thought that this erasive po red in this discus- the fagts given by ¥ Agassiz, such f & glacier 1,000 Tect thick, 3,000 miles f indefinite breadth, where did wll this come ower ? that the 1ffici- 1 line tches He could not conceive that the icein its de grooves in the Carolinas like n States, and yet that those scratches Iy obliterated whils those in the d intact Prof. Agassiz insisted Passing th ency of the evi of Pennsylva made zation. Prof. Guyot explained that his observations in North Carolina shiould not be considered as conclasive eviderco that there were no ice-seratchies in that region. Ho had explored the country with a view chiefly to topography et ho thought it very improbable that ‘scratchies sho Bave existed and yet have escaped bis observations. P Agassiz added s word as to the heavy rains of I thoir great power in ying rocks and format in sical records might ctherwire be found. The t, Laving occupied two hours of the session, aud called out much interesting and lively discussion, as well as broad diffe on, was Low passed, for lack a4 f. 2il, and of time to de g : Tho next ho Seeular Acceleration of the Moou's Me stion,” Ly John N, Stockweil. This paper was presented by Dr, B.A. Gould, as the author was Lot & member of the Acaden Mr. Stockwell gave first o history of the discussion of this important subject. The acccloration of the moon's motion was long regarded as nnr‘qunux able by the theory of gravitatic d as casting doubt that theory, till Laplace, by accountiug for it by the change in the eccen- tricity of the earth's orbit, verted it into as brilliant aud striking & proof of the theory. The assigned causo was recorded as fully explaining both the change aud its amount, till Adams, by s new discussion, 10 years sgo, showcd that the amount which this cause would effect was very different from that which appeared to be the ob- served one. Adams's views were stoutly contested, but at last generally accepted. Now Mir. Stockwell submits the whole problém to o new consideration, and_endeavor- ing to prove that Adams bad failed to give due force to one cause, the variability of the su perigee, which, if properly employed, would got rid of ull the disturbing fac- tors which Adams had introduced, and leave the result of Laplace the correct one. Other consequences of great importance were also derivablo. The moon's motion os- eillated back and forth about & mean, which was quite different from its prescot value; the moon was now more than six revolutions in advance of its real mean place. Mr. 8. had constructed s table giving tho mean sud true lues for some hundreds of thousands of years. Prof. Peirce acknowledged a very strong prejudice against this paper aud the theory therein presente La Place's opinion on this -ulijm:t #tood unchanged until Adams overthrew it, and since that time the highest cometrical science deepest investigation of Europe £ad sustaimed Ada view, There isno such example of discordance between observation and theory, 1f tho views of this paper are sustained, an_unknown man will be found to have overthrown all the European geometers. He was on this sccount prejudiced against the paper, be- cause of its magnificent claims. If its views wore sus. tained, it would be & ¢rand triumph for America. Ho thought that the Academy ought to examine it very thor- oughly by a committee. Tt owed this asof duty to the author and to science. If the Academy gave an’ incom- plete survey to the paper and an erroneous decision, it would be disgraced.” He would edd that he Lad looked at the paper, and that it looked right—written in a right spirit aud preposscssing manner. Ho nevertheless felt bonnd to say that he did not think it could be sustained. Profs. Peirco, Newton and_Dr. B. A. Gould were ap- pointed a committee to exemine the paper and report. The noxt paper was “On the Origia of the Solar Heat,” b Prof. Peirce. He spoko of the various theories frame to account for the maintenance of the sun's of carbon of that size would burn itself out in about 5,000 yeans; o ball of molten iron would cool down in ot far from the same time. We had no knowledge of any sub- stance which h{m combustion could produce for any geologie period the heuting effect which the eun produces. A very current recont theory accounts for the undimin- ished supply by the constant fall of meteors into the sun, producing lieat by their impact and loss of motion, Toa refutation of this theory Prof. Peirce devoted the bulk of bis paper. The variout considerations which he offered tit, drawn from the gradual increase of the sun's ts effect on the motions of the planets, and so on, were in at part of oo techuical and detailed & character to reported; but his final reductio ad ab- surdum, which dismissed the theory with langh, was the effect that the conditions of the meteoric hypoth were such that if the sun’s heat was actually thus kept ur, the earth must also derive an equal amount of heat directly from the impact of its share of the meteors upon it; it must 5_«!. from the meteors just as much as from the sun. He id not attempt a satisfactory explanation of his own, but at the end that condensation £ the sun had been originally of the diameter of Mercury's orbit, it would by contractin rather suggested than arg: would answer the purpos tion, but because the lnp&{lngm of snow accumula- ted in the north, and d_outward. He had gone to Sonth America pre] to look for sigus of ico there, and had found them. There were no glacial scratches t‘k&n, been D~ as the ngpwpumoflh rocky strata had tegrated by the peculiarly powerful meteorological forces of the tropics, which dissolved them as they lay, for hund- reds of fect in depth, and made them dlmnguflnbh from drift materials ouly by the htn;genlly and mixture of the latter. Ho had distinguished drift by thess and other mdionionn,l and bad found so many of the usual signs that he could pot but hold that the Amazon Valley had been once the bed of an immense glacier, moving u:iy'.n] from the Andes. Its terminal moraine had been swe) awa; the ocean, which had encroached on the land for hund of wiles on the east; but of alateral moraine it R S S Sierra. iers in the mountains, in various directions. He closed with pointing out the exceeding interest and importance, not to geolo- sts ouly, but to physicists and astronomers as well, of o question respecting the changes and conditions of climate which should have brought about the era of ice and of glacial action. Prof. Peirco said that it was natural to supposo that that ora was caused by & colder climate of the earlh, whereas it might as well be the 3 it of a hottor one; in fact, ouly tho lgtter could exp’ e areatlv increased depositian have given off its pmoul’hen for 30,000,000 of years; and, being still only & quartor as solid as the earth, it might go fn!oeontnct and give off the same heat for us much onger. Prof. Frazar by quest: 13 bronght ont some interesting statements as to the \clocity of meteors, sud comets which were considered to be larger meteors. Prof. Stephen Alexander expressed his gratifieatien with the glpd and with the uvurlgmi of tho meteor theory, and brought out from Prof. Peirce further explanations of his views. The next paper was “ On the Morphological Value and Relations of the Human Hand,” by Dr. B. @. Wilder, one of the invited guests of the Academy. He began by defiving morphology and teleology ns the law of forms and the law of ends. He, however, espe- cially applied unphuln(’ to internal forme. The paper was uteresting discussion of previous opinious of the relations of the human limbs, and of the author's views of the same subject. The statement of former opinions and definitions were most amusing. He considered the human form to be s geometrical ligure, with two sides and two ends, which were polar to cach other. Thus the arms wers, 80 to 8] supplementary to each oth d to the lower limbs. The morphological value of the b s and foet he d'd not co: 1o bo gxcat, hocause they wore 59 lable to cbauge iu guality and 0 in adaptation to their uses. Extremit i :?:Hm! %t ‘which the physiolegist would look mining specios, dee. In looking at any vertebrm, back-bone is not examined at efther end, where groatest vagiety in form, but in the middle, where the least, The natural position of the thumb is outw corresponding to the little tog, while' the little fin, responds to the great toe, Prof. Agassiz spoke of the intoresting character of the of the valuable work in this department of others, He discu S an » two sides in the various classes 3912, WS I paper, on motion of Prof. A Conto, A. A. Gould ee consisting of Mossrs, and Agassi ‘e next paper offered was by P. E. Chase, on The Corrclation of Gravity ond Temperature.” Mr. Chaso, also, i8 one of the invited guests. is paper wet with some severe cri . Prof. Stephen Alexander of the Collego of New-Jersey is the only member who has arrived in town sinco my last lotter. Ten or fifteen of tho invited guests are here: among thom, beside those who have been mentioned ahove, ae Prof. 8. J. Brush and Elias Loomis of Yalo Collego. g The following papers have been entered for reading this week. Tt will be seen that the Academy will not reach the end before Saturday : ). On tue influonce of the hour of the day on the hights ob- taitied by barometric measurements—A RXOLD GUYOT. 2. On the grousds of avalogy between linguistic scieuce and the physioal sciences— WIITNET. 3. 0n meteorology—J 4. On the drift of the W 1008 to tho glacier and ioeberg theories—E. On the Liwitation of homologles—LOUIS AGASSIZ, On a new method of optical analysis—W. Giups. . On astronomical photography—TL. M. RUTHERFORD & On the relation of photographic observations, with a deter. tion of tho Pleisdes from photographs by . Gorip. ear substitutions—J. E. OLIVER. in its economical sm. 4. On repeated On tovestigation in regard to sound applications—J os. HENKY. . 11. On the study of young animals and its bearing upon the progress of Palwontology and Zoology —~ALEX. AGASSIZ, 12 On the geographical distribution of the fisues in the waters of the Amnzons—LOUIS AGASSIZ. 13, On the tertiary formation of Mississippi and Alabama— E. W. HilGARD. 14 On the staturs of American solliers—B. A. GouLn. 15 On recent soundings in the Gulf Stream — HEN: MrrcELL. 16. On 4 new theory of planctary motion, fllustrated by ap- plieation to the determination of the orbit of Neptune—Tug0. DTRONG 17. Un t! e linear evolution of surd forms—Ws. WATSON. EDUCATION. merican Institate of Instruction. From Qur Special Correspondent. Buruisatoy, V., August 7, 1866, FIRST DAY. The thirty-seventh annual meeting of the Amorican Jn- stitute of Instruction, composed of teachers and others en- gaged in educational work in the United States, commenced in the City Hall, Burlington, to-day at 2§ o'clock p. m., Mr. B. G=Northrop of Massachusetts, President, in tho chair. After prayer bad been offered by the Rev. Mr, Morss of the Baptist Church, the customary speeches of reception and congratulation were exchanged, Professor Matthew I Bucklaw of the University of Vermont welcoming the members of the Convention to the city and State, and Prosident Northrop rejoining. Theso preliminaries wero quite bri nd, when finished, the Convention—which was very large, and which included a great number of the most prominent educators of the country—proceeded to the serious work which the directors had planned for the present gathering. On motion of Mr. A. P. Stons of Portland, the Chair was anthorized to appoint the usual Committees, and also a Committeo toc er the subject of amending or re- vising the Constitution of the Association. Subsequently the Wllowing were announced by the Chairman, viz: OX NOMINAT10NS. —Messrs, Stone of Portiand, Ladd of Providence. Higgius of New-York, Adams of Vermoat, Law- yor of Connecticut. and Haar of Salem, M 0N TEACHPRS AND TEACHERS' PLACES, —Mesars, Walton and Littlefield of Mussactusetts, and Morrison of California. ON AMPXUING THE CONSTIT|TION.—Messra. Philbrick of Poston, Northend of Hariford, Stous of Fortland, Richards of New.York, and Foster of Chic ky! asurer, Mr. Willism E, 8heldon of Boston, pre- sented bis repe sm which it ui;,. ared that the receipts wero $524 8 tho expanditures $633 30; and, $191 52, ort and documents were Hubbard, Superinten- o the my ecting for remarks was that of Commerce, Manof Stone of Po 2 address, directed to show the influ al interests of our country set forth, was one in which Ke ur as & branch of learn f the land. H of imculeat- and other interest i ou the comu other propositi troduction of the Spanish language g 10 be taught in the High Sch dwelt vpon the importance to mere ntile i i school instruction punetuality, atfabilit xul.d’ blic morals. The vencrable Absalom Pe M.D, formerly editor of The Ame our: and College Review, o being out, interesting line of rearks L pursuance of the hints given by previots speakers 1. Sheldon, master of the Hancock School for girls, in Bosten, d s the author of the system of moral tr influence now practiced in that large sehiool, Mr. 8. baviug abolished physical punishument as & means of disciplive, Mr. 8heldon spoke entertaine ingiy and narrs al incidents from his personal ricrces. His address tended to show the effect of pub- e education as admiaistered by his systom upou the gen- tovens, Superintondent of Schools at Fall Mass., next spoke, He stated duriug some remarks ng tho influsuce of education on masufactures, that when certain sew mills in Fall River shall have been put inoperation that city will be shead of Lowell in point of the extent of her manufactures, the numbor of spindles then runoing st Fall River being in excess of those now running st Lowell. Professir by of Dartmoathi College spoke collo- quislly with Mr. Sheldon of Boston relative to the moth. oda of thelatter, as before alluded to, after which the Rev. Dr. Mineragain addressed the Convention, narrating per- sonal experiences in college discipline. He stated that the present Sopiomore Class in ‘Taft's College biad, in response o what they had supposed to be the wishes of the Faculty, and out of 1 moral sense of the heretofore disgraceful practice of * hazing” freshmen, presented to him & series of resolutions agroed to with entire unanimity by them, demning the practice as unworthy, and pledging them- Ives to o nore diguitied and gentlemanly trestwent of the incoming class of that institution. Mr. Ladd f Providence fore, in s amusing manner, some edviee to lady teachers of the smaller couutry schools, a8 t the most effectual methods by which to se- cure the eobjeration of parents, aud to becomo successful n Imnfinflsurdm and discipline in the school-room. “I'he Comnittee, at this point, took a recess until even- ing, and at 87'clock the mecting reassembled, the hall be. ing deusely filed, both floor and galierics, Mr, Moses T. Brown of Circinnati was introduced to deliver s lecture upon * Readirg as a Fine Art.” MR, M. T. BROWN'S LECTURE. In mmmm‘ his discourse, tho lecturer quoted a selection ffon Goethe's Faust where there was a dialogue between Faut and s student s to declamations from the Greek tats, the rules of elocution being enunciated with great dearncss and power. There has been no change in thesws of oratory from the days of Horaco and Quintilias till the present. Horace said: * You will not touch the searts of men with your oratory unless it tlows from you own heart.” Tho lecturer congidered the objections raisd against this general rule, and urged that the law of natiralness is not oo general, but is alike ap- plicable to paiiting, statuary, music aud elocut| ‘The commor enticism of pulpit orators is that they are dull, and it woud really seem thut with the body of pulpit speakers dullnes is méant to be synonymous with picty. ince ‘ho deah of Starr King, Mr Beccher is the most conspicuous exanple of those preacliers who rise above the dead lvel of julpit oratory and eutrance men with their power of utteraice. The speaker reforred soverely to the clergy, styling tieir style in the desk a8 usually self-cou- scious, and dullin the extreme. ‘Thesecker aft'r kuowledge in this line of inquiry asks: 1. Hov can power of elocution be gained ? and, 2, What are the nics and underlying principles to guide the utterancs 1 It is inoratory, as in art and musie, that simple and identi- cul rules are to be held 1n constant view, inusmuch 08 they underlie the scene of vocal expression equally with the sciences snmed. Theso aro to beobserved with reference to thoughy, feeling emotion and pussion, 8s in art and music, Hence the evident claiw of reading to be regarded s one of the finearts, The English cortnbutions to knowledge tonching this science hwo been chiefly, Steele, Sheridan and Walker. Of Amorians, the most’ eminent have been Dr. Jawes Rush, Prd. W, 8. Russell and J. E. Murdock, The dis- tingulaing characterics of the Greek orators and tho En- lish elocnionists were reviewed with great nicity, Dr. ush's sysem_ineulcated, primarily, fidelity to the na- tural mode of utterance #s the wost importaut guide to success in elocation. The lecturer took up aud exum- ined the o Dr. Rush, end viewed with much care- ful analysisthe correllative ideas of quantity, form, time, strees and fiteh, ‘The inguiry comes whethor these ideas are mlmthn they have such a foundation in nature. ions were abundantly given, with fine effect, to sbow that the laws of oratory are equal aud natural. Art is thr attemot of the soul fo create expressions of nature, eiter visibly or audibly. The creation is God's ket ubordir ately man ropeats thi o ifold w jch the varying tastes and babits of ty races suggest. Tho prssions, wants or tastes of men thu find expression according to circumstunces, s said racifind subjectsor incitives to art. In readiog we biave th printed page, tho arbitrary symbol, and the inflections 5f the voice, us the two instrumoutalitios wherewith o depict the emotions of the soul. Hero & parallol wwdrawn between reading and elocution, to show the etial elaim of the former to rank with the latter. The tones dthe voice are the natural means of expressing the emetiozeef the soul cqually with the notesof music or thest] ' “dho brush. It was this which gave to ———————————————eee s do this adsquataly is the work of an_artist, and the dovel oping of this science is the consummation of the finest art, The leatare abovaded pughout with illustrations from Shakespeare and other dramatists, and was brought to a ! Ve yon‘enllvn conclusion by some practieal suggestions to 50 eugaged in educating tho young how best to de- velop their taste for ine reading. i With the lecture of Mr. Brown the sessions for the day weére brought to AN ART JOURNEY, i i From Our Special Correspondents PriLADELPIIA, Jul 1 When a TrisuNg letter came, with marching orders for Philadelphia and Washington, how could it be belped that Cowper's molancholy lines rushed tuto,my bead— + Man's inhumanity to Makes countless thoussnds monrn 1" For, when Fifine brought the portentous envelops, I was stretobed at ease under my apple-tree reading * Romolay’ looking up every now-and-then, from the Itafian splendor of those wonderful pages, to cal the spirit, stirred to its deptls by Tito's story, the most tragic, perhaps, of modern fiotion, with the pastoral beauty of our shining river, gliding ssaward between its peacoful shores; while, overhead, the cat-bird sang; and, near-by, amid her womanly labors with the roses and petunias, the wearer of the little round hat came and weat, the white dress shone, and friendly challenges shot back aud forth across the languid air, But, what is “Lome” to a mewspaper editor, who cries, “ Heads off,” on the sligltest symptom of mutiny 1 I knew bet- ter than to disobey, and with an alacrity that was distressing to lazy people to sce, Tordered Fifine to tell John to sea that the trunk was brought down. Fifine is a desr little paddy with dark hair and a low forobead who bas been induad with a little frilled muslin-pancake on the top of ber head, and who is ealled a “bonue,” aud takes care of the chillren. Ier real nawe is Bridget O'Shaugenessy, but * Fiflue” is shorter, aud so ma nicer! 5 Thank the lords of Trvington and thereabonts, wo are gra clously delivered from the nuisance of the Hudson'River Rail - road in Summer. Nomau, now, noed be choked with dust, blinded with cinders, covered under a shower of dirt and deafoned with clatter anless be be obstinately set on the en- durance of these torturss, For my part, I should as soon think of leaving my quiet writing-room and taking a little camp-stool for a quiet smoke in the middie of Broadway at the Fulton-st. crossing, about 3 o'clock iu the day, s of using the cars when I could take one of our new boats, It would show o perrerted mind, No, Ieame down in the cool of the morn- ing in the 5 Hollow, —which is the name of one of the boatsa company of rich men in Irvington and Tarrytown have built for their own accommodation aad that of the pub- lic. Pleasanter boats naver were nor could easily be. They are said to bo mot s fast as is desirable, but that is a point that troubles me very little; and I should think them fast if fault-finders wouldn't say to the contrary—but [ am sure carp- iog oan pick no flaws in the way they are managed. Think of it. You can actually ask the oflicers for information sad not bave your head bitten o1 And I heard s gentlemau the other day make a alight complaint to the elerk of the Sunuy- side and receive tho nssuraace that the thing complained of should be rectified. In short, the boats seem managed with a quiet but perrading desire to make everybody a3 comfortable as possible, There is no noise, thoy take no treight, there are no unnecossary rules, thero is abandance of room, pleaty of chairs, and s man is earrielon a sort of Alladin’s carpet to his home or to his business, talking, smokiug, reading, sieep- iug—out of the dust and noise of the city, through this en- b d landscape, this delicious air, and filled with a wild er that anghody should think the fivo or ten minutes, ylilch he gains by taking the cars, worth the sacrifice of this ambrosial hour. And 50 to the city, and with only the stay that Delmonico made necessary while he fod us with the delicate roll, the swast briocte, the coffoe of the prophst, and the silmon croqast—to bemads into which might woll seem a roward to the salmon for all his eataract-climbing—to Philadelphia, where the “Continental ” gives us its large weloome, and where, as under tie shadow of a great rock, wo have pitched our teat for & week out of the blindiag sunshine and the blazing heat. 1 suppose you would langh at me if T were to attempt to tell yon aaytbing about the ride to Philadelphia; for, to New- Yorkers, 'tis a_highway they know by roto, and, indeed, with all my looking, I saw little to note. Only this struck me—that everything oue sees is as ualike the Hudson River country as possible. The towns are neater, botter built, have a staider, older look, and, after 5) miles or so of this moznotonous plain, there comes iato the mind aa impression of steadiness as if things wouldn't move If they could, beesuse they couldn’t if (Ley wonld. Te that clear? Iamuo traveler, but are there wany such tlat places on the surface of the earti? How hard | it must bo to convinen the plcaninies of this region that the earth is round ! Can’t they see that it is not 7 The pedagogue's favorite proof, from the shiy's topmast, seen first as she comes up from the under-world, wou't answer here, where, as far as yuu can see any ship, you seo ts whole of ber at once, from keel to peunon! Well, flat as it was, I found it pleasant, It had a soothing, tranquilizing effect upon the nerves, and gradually rubbed the Hudson River hill-country clean off memory's siate. I remember New-Branswick, with its old-fashioned college building, and smile as T remember the brick ** Tomple of the Winds " o the corner, and ery inwardly, ** When, oh when, will this'infatuation for classic architecture be got rid of t* At New-Bruaswick, two young persons took compassion on s trav- elers, ad offered us, with & good deal of insistance, appearing simuitaneously, several times in succession, at opposite ends of the car—the mild refreshment of fce-water and boilod eggs ! This would seem to be the principal diet of the inhabitants in this region, for, with the exception of ham-saadwiches, which wore urged upon us at Dristol by & young person whoso temper did pot appear to be under control, and who accompanied every offer that he made with a really dexterous jork of saliva over kis basket, not hitting the ham-sandwiches as often as one would have thought—this was all the refreshment that was offercd us on the route. But, wo know how unwise it is to goneralize. Wo remember the Frenchman who wrote in his disry that all the people of an English village had red-hair, because the only one Lo saw from the stage-coach had that grace, and we do not rasbly conclude that off the people of this region live on hard-boiled eggs and fced-water, becausa that was all we could get to eat; nor that all the malo inhabitants of Elizabeth wear ogg-plant-color coats and Turkey-rhubarb trousers, becanse one young man in that place came down to the Station to show us his taste in colors. There was the Canal, too, with its heavy barges trailed by slow, bat, appa- retly, vicious mules; and, who does not think a canala pleasant foature in a landscape? I believe this was the first T ever saw out of & pictare! I am no Geologist, bat I was struck with the absence of rock, particularly of isolated rocks or boulders, which in our region, aud forther east, are so com- mon. There did not seom to bo enough pebbles even for the boys tokill the birds with. But at Brunswick the stratifica- tion of the rod sandstono {s curious. The trecs along the route looked familiar, but our Hudson River codar, if it were ho Isaw, is less plotaresque than with us, has o thinser foli- age, and slonderer spray. And not a daisy to bo seen! Can't the tarmers get] the seed? Perhaps they don’t want it! Bat 1liko the dalsy—" Margucrites,” we call them—for all, the farmers damn them, Mut instead of daisies, thero was heaps £ beape of * dodder,” which is rare with ns. Do you Lnow “ dodder 1" Well, if you know a girl that is a beauty, and wants a head dress tlat whl make ber twice a boauty, got ber dodder in flower, and let her make a net for her gold hair ofit. 'Tis a parasits that grows by road-sides and i damp plrees—a tangle of delicate orange-gold threads set at odd epaces with the Littlest white roscs, pin-head-small, perfectly formed, and most deli cate to see. ‘With & wisdom beyord my years, as foon took the fine coach of the Continontal Iotel. and mouuted the woat with tho driver, and saw all that could be seen from Kea- sington to Chestnut and time rolied back with me 30 yeara as I heard tho long whip erack, aud looked down on the four flne horses, and I sat again by Mr. Winchester— off with your bats, Expresswmen, for be was all your fathers and set you up in business 1—and rode spankingly out of Salem and along tho ocean shore, and spankingly into Gloucester, ia days that are no more ! . Don't 1 know how the first fossil man will look, when he is piekod out of bis stone mold * He will look as I looked yester- day, whea I survoyed wysell fn the great horse-glass (bow queer * cheval glass " sounds in Eglish !) in my room at the hotel. wasn't T buried nndor strata of all the soils from horo to Jersey City? Under gravel, aud sandstooe, and marl and clay? What a prize I should have been for some Phila- delphia geologicnl cabinet. But, 1 suppose the other 300 pass- engers, all looked the same. 8o, here I am in Philadelphia, and very still it is. I slopt last night the sleep of the just. It is not 0 qaiet fn Irv. ington, whbro there are more cocks and hens than in any otber place in the State, es 1 know, for the greator part of them prefer to roost on the fonce, under my bedroow window, where they greet the rising sun every morning With a shout like the Hallelujah chorus! Tut here, ob, peace profonnd ! the first hen I was aware of was sauté a ' Espagnole on my plate at breakfast ! C G Tlef: the cars T . Tug Wasniserox-3v. HoMICIDE—ONE OF THE AssArcaNTs SugeeypRus HDGELR.—About the middle of February Iast, Frank McCormick, Patrick Duffy, and two other men, entered the saloon of William Carll, located in the basement of the building at the north-west ovrner of Court- Iaudt and Washington-sts.. and soon became engaged in a row, during whioh tho proprietor wus shot l{ccwrnlok. The entire party then their oscape, Y Trranderod MsoIf to Corgher Widey, and was ‘Ie:;!llywn:!l in m:uu of $1,500 to er the oharge of complicily in the s PR SIS TerRIGLE LEAP FROM A WINDOW.—At an early hour yesterday morning, while laboring nnder o temporary fit of fnsanity, Miss Elizaboth Young Jumped from a garret | Window of her residenco to the stroet, dis-ance of forty feot, Laviug, at the thne, an iufant in Ler arms. Sbe was taken o i au isensible condition by OMcer Eldridgo of tho Thirtist Whitfieky and Clay, and Jenny Lind, and Madame Rachol their mageal and yet varying power. Al weadiog is tho | Preciuet, and couveyed to St. Luke's Hospital, ‘The surgeon a attendance prououtioed bor injuries, which are iaterual. nog attouspt 9 eagress tho writlyn thouslit or ewwiien, Tu | of o fatal chacanior, Dirauge (0 sak, Lo JLsal Wad wubijs LAW INTELLIGENCE, =iy U. 8. COMMISSIONERS OFFICE—Avo, g ‘issioner OsBowN. Dot O MOR? COUNTERFPEITING. The United States sgt. William Gurney, Tha d'e&;udmn! was sted for having in his poge aa intent t) pass tho same, a 830 Ucited Tn--{ry\'nuu "lhu tollowing is tha:;stmnny. e A ombe sworn—tostifies: 1know G. W, Youa s putity the 830 bill showa mo as eiven we by Mr. Young 1.5 e ”.'mh i »mm it ns » counterfxit Treasary note; K “Cross exambuat -l s ke ot et ross examined—I have known Mr, Young for th lfllJllw::’ll‘r:o; udm! T8tood between Mr, Young and 1 t trapGurey; I did not uj h X 2 o Ly ; pproach Young w o §50 bl T B revious to Gurney's nrtest; when I Srst not arrastad; Yuunf s3id ho got it from *1 bought the bill from Gurney:” I did not gi money to buy the bill; befors Young bought the bie bad no cooversation sbout the bil or Gurs: Young told me had bought the bill of Gurney; he more; I then took the bill; at that time You the next time I saw Youug it was at the expiration of twe days; it was not & meeting by appointwent, but merely sa accidental ous; afterward I went to Young's house to aee participation in conuterfeiting was; at thaf sime Young nnd I were talking about conuterfeiters genorally aad we eadeavored to tracs the bill to Gurney; 1 did uot aee rest Young at that time; T af rd an appointment to meet Young at Sweoney’s Hotel; 1did not know that ¥ Was a counterfeiter, oF o iad been Lo prison as a con. firmod thisf; Young told me bis brother was 1o troubls; that he possessed some information of Imgcnancox I dount kaow what indnced him to come to me with ke bill; when Young handed me the bill be said, * I got this from Bill Guruey.” ou the 7th of August Young was arrested in this building; Yoing :u ironed and sent to prison; he was brouglit to our oftics to- in irona. A" D, Hatch, being sworn, testifisd—I am an operator la tha Secret Servics Division of the Government: 1 rocoguise the 830 bili shown me; it has my initials on it; I was present wheu Young handed Newcombs the bill; when I went i the room Young and Nowcombe wers iu conversatioa aboat the bill; Newcombe suid ha had received the bul from Gurneyy T kiew Young whils ha was in Boston. Cross-examined—1 live in New-Bedtord, Mass.; Thava boeg in the secret servica since Docember, 1865; I received my aj intment from Washington; Ifirst became nequainad wii oung about two montos since, in Boston; whils ia Bos Young said ho would like to bavi rrangement made bis brother might be released from prison; the first time [ saw the bill it was in Newcombo's hauds; Young was the time; being an expert, I closely examined the §0 bill; wade o particular toquiry about the bill, either as 1o where it came from or ia whose possession it was; I do not know who arrested Garaay; all 1'oan think of I have told the Coars T merked the bill for faturs identification: Newcombs asked we to mark the bill; Young was prese® at that time: Young did not tell me ke got the bill from Guroey: be said Lo got it 09 tho 7th of August; Young told te it was the same bil e Gurney; bad previously slowa ma; I supposed this bill was to agal did not rson who might be arrested for passiog it i g ipyuuhlnz(.‘umfi"hh A view one tune when I saw Young he sail Souri t> ses bis brother; Youog told me his some. k'mwc\!l You wuumbu;‘l “:‘ ‘;:(‘ ; Lasked Gui & ul ere [ conld get a $: at e one if he could; the next time I saw Gurney Lo said be a1 the bill I wanted, 3ad I gave bim 81250 forit; it was e connterfeit; ha said these bills were worth $25 xer 100, he seid he got it only for my accommodation; I paid the 91254 to Gurney; the bul I got from Gurney Lput in my pocket, howed it to Mr, Hatoh; Ilatch told ma to ehow 1§ combe, who in tura told me.to sbow it to Woody n afterward; this 1a the bil I originalyhal 8 my posscssion. Tross examinad—T have been 1n the State Prison only onse in my life; that was 0n a charge of robbing the mail; [ nsvee was arrested for passing counterfeit money; I tirst saw Hatch s Boston; Hateh referred me to Newcombe as jto the matier of having my brother reieased from prison; Ihad eogazed with Hatch to meet him in New-York to see Newcombe, Hatoh told Newcombe toat I wauted to get somo informstion; thet my brother was inprison; Uwanted to get bim out and be thougbt T might ba of some service to the Government; thed we could get the origins! 830 plate; Mr. Newcombe #aid he had no authority bat he woul to Me. Wood about ity Mr. Newcombe then reforred mo to Mr. Wood about brother getting out of prison and he said he would advise wisl bis department; Mr. Wood said if my brother could turn ap this plate it would be of service; I first saw Sam Guruey ig Jauae last; some man introduced me to bim; the pame of the WAD Was .Allotyl Wiite; I was introduced to Gurney b, Whito becauss I knew something about counterfeit moaey. did not then want auy; after this I got this $30 nots from himy 1 got the pote from Guraey to show it to Hatoh becanse Hath wanted 1o show it to Mr. Wood the Lead of tio Dee artment; Hateh as me in Boston to get the dill got it and gave it to Hatob, who said he waated it; w l firat showed the bi'l to Newcombe, Hated was prescat; whem Hatob, Newcombe and I were togetber, we had somo coavees sation about this bi I; Newcombe, at that time, did not know where the bill came from; I did vot tell them where it came from because I was not askad about it; shortly after this, Mr. Wood told me that if I eould turn up the plate from wkich this bill was struck, Le could probably help oy brother; at thay time Newcombs was present; I told them I thought I could get at the plate through Gurney; at this time the bill was stll in My possession; 7 e now out of prison, but I dou's kaow where e is; I got the 812 5 out of my pocket; it was not farnished wie to buy this bill from Guroey; Iam not eas aged in counterfeiting; I decline to aoswer whether I have ea engaged in buyiag and selling counterfeit mouey, I de not know but that my answering the quostion might crimiaate me; Tknow of several persons who are engaged in countars feiting, but cannot call them by name; I marked this 650 bill a day or two sinc it had been in my possession up August 7; siucs then, however, tha officers of the Goveram bave bad chargs of it; bave mever gooo by any other thaa my present name; when I wae sent to prison on a charge of biag tho mall, 1 was sentonced for 15 years: I was sentefted in 1858, shortly afterward I was pardoned by President Bucbavan, my pam don fs now on fils' In the State Prison; 1 have never seeu i Dbut at the time I was pardoned the Warden of the Prison me [ might go home; that 1 was a free man. To the Commissioner—When I met Hateh In Boston I 316 notknow of any partioalar couuterfeiters in New- V. 1. P. Wood Chief of the Secret Servi called by tle defonse and testified. I bavs a very slighf koowledge of Young, but from what I know of him I say whether T wocll believe him ender oath or rot; Iis. structed my operators not to trost Bim; that be was ot @ trustworthy man, and that he was a dealer in counterfeld woney; T also instructed my -snn not to believe Young oae less his atatements were corroborated by circamstances; z information led mo to believe him a ‘counterfeiter, aud reputation as such was well keown, aad even more, as gazed in fraudalens entorprises. Adjoarned to this morning a1 10:30, THE HUGHES BOUNTY CASE. . United States agt. James Hughes. In this case in which the defendant, with others, lg charged vil’h‘;ludlm‘ ono James Reilly ont of Lis boun! end which, its conncctions with the Provost Marshal's Department, bas excited coasiderable interest, Mr. Commier stoner Osborn has rendered the following decision: gxposted o writien opinion at 1ength o8 n in conses U4 saw quence of the time ment, aud also on_account of the importance 2%, aftor carefully examining the decision of Judze Field ia tb¢ case of the United States agt. Peter Riley and others, I have deemed such a task supererogatory for the reason tat the ques- tions whieh arose in that case were so ably and judiciaiy treated by the Court, and their application to'the isiues hore #0 portinent, that it would seem oversealons on wy part to el ress de noro, in my own language, the opinion. of the learned fvmp, when I fally concur with hit on the construction of the dopt bis decision as autbority dence,” which determinecs $he tion before we, although it the fou ction ot the of the coms statute governiog this case. onthe question of **actanl glst of the offeuse in the 1s claimed by the prose Act of Mareh 3, 1855, does not o) plaint by reason of his being Q soldier, bayi served two years in tho wil.iary service, and therefors liable to earcilment and draft. Tam of the opirion that the section referrad to upon the oeastruction laid down by the lsarned Judge i the case of the United States agt. Peter Riley et al., and understanding the object and parpose for which the law was enacted, that every person except alieps and minors capable and com| . tex form military duty, whether Jiable or ot to evroliment, # e voluntarily eulist'in the service, is brought within the restrictive clanae of the section, and must be oredited to the distriet whereia he resides and not elsewhere. Such being wy view of the law. James Liley, the complalm ant, was not entitied to the bounty in question, sud has no jast canse of complaist.against the aconsed under the statat canse the evidence shows that at the time of his enlistmont of Hoboken he was an actual residect of New-York. Another important question is presentel in this cass, and that is. the jurisdiction of the alleged offense, but since I have deciced that no fraud or deprivation of bocuty bas been comm mitted by the accused ag: dered in the fillowing cases in w! about 42,000 cirars and taising spirits found in East T issned by Judge C :;on {;lnl-mg with batchers generally in driving roug! the plaintiffs (Charies lowing is the order in the case: Charles Cooper and auother Cn;‘v of New-York on August 9, 1806, waterial what my vie that an [ndictment ba tho defendant is discharged. Mr. Courtney, United States District-Attorne Reoorder Smith for tho prosecution; Mr. Shupe an Stuart for defense, — UNITED STATES DISTRIC T COURT—AvGUsT 0.—Bafore Judge SHIPMAN, RETTURN OF PROCESS—DECREES OF CONDEMNATION AND SALE. On motion of B. K. Phelps. Assistant United n and sale were States Attorney, decrees of conder ch returns of process United States agt. 3 barrels of dis arshal'.” U, 8, ‘agt. 13 barrols dis tilled spirits found at No. 120 Eim-st. in this eity. U been previonsly m uilled spirits marked U, 8 5 barrels whisky stored at No, #3 Centrest., N, Ufl ¥ Mariony . agt. 4 barrels of distilled spirits marked * V, T. cusea cigars addrossed to Pearval, Schoidt & .c: otographs. mock jewelry* ke, U, . agtoi barrels ot spirite " U. 8. agt. 5 barrels distill ite " found at jed spir] No. €3 Cedarst. U.S. agh certain tobucco marked .0 barrels wiisky, 1 sieam eagine, &, at No found 8t N n Liberty-st. U. 5. agt. 5 Pure Spirita,” 0one —— COURT OF COMMON 5!.!‘.’43.—1!.‘0. 2.VBefors Julge ALT. THE OATTLE-DRIVING NUISANCE. This morning Judge Dalymodificd th by Tuds n“n‘ofi M!Illht the Board of I . tho streets, so that the injunction will apply ooly te (Cooper ‘:Jl«l aaother) alons,” The fob e art. Juckson S. Schults and others. At a Special Term of this Court beld at the City Hall in the Hon. Charles resent—1ho P. Daly.—Tha order to show oanso herein coming 00 to be beard, and Mr. Lawrence appsars ing for the plaintifls, and Mr. Tracy aud Mr. Bliss appearing ou behalf of the defondants, it is, on motion, o injanction berotofore grauted herein be vaoated snd diss cliarged, s far as_the sawe f. #03 OF persons with the busia tuan tha pluntily and their agonts. and ibat the moiion 8 over for fu 8 Wo~Lhaioa R Daly, d—that the srbids interference With auy par Other than the plaintiffs and thelr agents, and 304y aud places of basiness of auy persuns othee or boarisg tie Mosdwr, Augus! 13 1ebd &b