The New-York Tribune Newspaper, July 14, 1866, Page 4

4 NEW-YORK DAILY TRIBUNE, SATURDAY, JULY 14, 186b. —————————————————————— et e et e e QAmnsements. . ER AND' A3 IT WAS—BO) d Tooss Cooke, o1, Leouard. Pope, Geabas o, Mrs. Mark Swich, Mise Chas. Fi Carman, Miss Barott, WINTER GAR NG at 8l E OF BUSI J.C. Daon. CONSTRUCTE D~ . Joln Brovgham, Miss ™ A Eumily ETTY P Meivil TINS KITTY st FVENINO_FRA FROM CORK. The W O'Ngil and full company. FOX'S OLD BOWERY THEATER. . RATED MIN THIS EVENING, st 8—SANDFORD'=- CELEB, STRELS — BURLFSQUE OFLEA TKOUPE — THE BKASS BAND wid KEYSTONE BOYS, Mativee to-duy. po , W BOWERY THEATER. IS SPIRAL MOUNTAIN — BOUBLE LECHE L ¥ LAGE APOTHECARY, The Buiskey Fuu Mous. Agousty, Matines st 2 p. . RARNUM'S AMERICAN MIUSEUM. DAY AND EVENING—JACK AND GILL Mr. G. L. Fox and foll company. ONE_HUNUKED THOUSAND CURIUSITIES. THE CAROLINA TWINS. S GARDEN. HE CONSURIPT=THREZ.FACED e, Signcriva Pepita, M. Ve Hawe, suce of the Ruvels in America. C TH i THIS FVENIN FRENCHMA Young Avwerica. OLYMP! THIS FVENING ot 8T full courpay TEATER JCTOROON. Characters by the NTINEL— THIS EV iwriuis Roysl Spasish Circus, Equestriau, Gyamastic sud Acio batic K Matinee at 24 ju m. THIS EVEN] ORCHESTRAL Prograuisie vasied every oveniu OARDEN CU! LOWE'S AMPHITHEATER. TO DAY, BA JON ASCENSION. NIAGARA. . ot TR I 2 TR M man AT TR TS Vneincss Notices. COxGRESS AND ENPIRE WATERS wro used with the gre sccens [u the treatment of dyspepsia, wm, aud acrofula, coustipation eous diseases, gout aud rheum: with e fu puluonary complaints. | disorders of tie kidueys and biadder find aa effective remedy in CoLuMBIAN WATKR, which is aluo, especially excellent in discases PreoLiar 1o Woney. “Thass waters buing vk, NATORAL, UNADCLTERATED, avay be tiken with 8 safety whic ARTIFICIAL PREPARATION Theis oot and efccts are wike pleasant. They impar canrival & frastiness and besuty to the complexion which can oaly be rotaiund m is free & Their persevering uso estors health and vigor . At wholessle oJly by Horouxiss' Soxs, Huise's Prorecror from Cholera, Cholera Morbus and Bowe! € Othier articles sre intended to core after you is apreveutive and o keep you i This p silently have taken the disense, w. of beatt ectar is ever with you, your vsual whareser you g0, consta: 4 painlenly fortifying the discase. Thousands in this systom and wazding off the treschero *eity and elsewhere te 'y to the benefits they bave derived from woacing them, aod feel (ull confidesce iu sdvising all to pot them on prevented by proper procastiou, and ANl this class of diseaes are easily 0o articie yet discovered has come 50 vear beinz a sure Prophyla At this ped. For sale by Drugeists generaly, or wholosale by Hatt & Rookte. J. V. Howss & Co., Proprietors. We Vichy, or any aud cal pestics aie wouderiul, sud iuvigorato the LAvies por SARATOGA, Loxa Braxcnw, &c. 16 you wish beautiful Eoots and Snows, for yourseives and families, s00d articles, woderate prices, patronize Mivten & Co.. No. 3 Can Macming, with all Tre IMPLOVED the latest improvemwen LIPTIC SEWING: and attachn ents ; mcomparsoly the best for ity we. . Covert & Co., No. 563 Brosdway, N. Y. Agests wante " MorT's CHEMI < Gray Hair, heg) d the finet drose- it gh iug used. d drugeiste_ Tk TNA Macuixe wanufictured by NOtsuLEss Prasex, Brav Sewing-Machine. No. 501 Broadway. FiNkLE & Lyown's New Fami Agente wanted. One macuioe free of by AMERICAN Porunai Live INsuRANCE CONPANY, Nos. 419 und 421 Broadw . Presents ten new fea tures in its cireular. Call o Cartes Vignette, §3 per dozen: Duplicates, $2, atives registersd, R, A, Lewis, No. 166 Costham-st., N. Y. Fror in the wedld. Iyprovep Lock-Stiren MAcHINES fof Tailors and Manufactarers. Onover & DAKER Skwine MACMINE COMPAXNY, No. t!BPlr’ldr-v GROVER & Bager's HiG Srivci SEWING MACHINKS. for (am o PrEMioy E wse. No. 495 Hrondway. Howr SEWING MACHINE COMPANY. jr.. President, No. Brosdway. Agents wanted. Neww-Dork Bailp Cribune, SATURDAY. JULY 14, 1866, To Correspondents. Ne notise ean betaken of Anouymwous Comniunications. Whateveris intended for ertion mast be authenticated by the name and ad dress of the writer—not necessarily for publication. but as aeuar anty for bis good fuith. Al business lettars for tiis oftico shioula be addressed t une,” New-York We canaot uudertake o return reiected Communications. “The Tris The Tribune in London. (American Agents for Livraries. 17 Hentietta aner. We undersiand it is beiug kept by the s mid Grocees Lyon's Insger PowER, for exterminating Roaches, Auts and \ erwin, aad preserving furs and clothing (rom Miothe. The oniginal and g All others are iuitations. Tako no othar | Sold by all drugzists, snd of water gud diet. re sour stomach. y cure Dyspepsis and Constipation. Tiey cura Liver Complaint and Nervous Hesdacha. Y NTATION BTTHRS have cured more cases of ehronic weakioss, onervat ancholy and want of vital energy, thas auy | ’ oduced. Iy are particulaly adupted and occupati Observe s of sedenter sisuip over the cork Teport to of each bottia. 1f any P. M. Drakr & Co. uE BLoov oF ALL IMPURITIES and you rus of mauy diseases st their source. Inall disorders of the Skin, the Glands, the Fleshy Fiber, the Secretive Orge and rofulous Complaints, Cancer. &e., Dr. JATNR's A the Bones, FRRATIVE 15 3 atandard curative ; snd while it is u Gult in many medi- cliow that belore they rdach the disease, the patient is prostrated beyond rocovery, uo such drawback attends this remedy, for it sus taios the strength of the wufferer, while eradicating the cause of his t £old evarywhers. TO ALL INVALIDS. RUVIAN SYRUP Iupor @npplion the hiood with PLRMENT, IRON, infusing STRENGTH, v 1 Nuw Lu the_whole systim. For DYSPRPSIA, Wronic DiAtrEs, DERILITY, FEMALE WRAKNESSKS, apecihc. Thousands have been changed by the use of this adicine from weak, sickly, suffering crectures to strong, healthy o happy wen sl Wouen. A R2ph. amph et sent free, P e S T ixswomz, No. 3 Dey.st., Now York. Sola by Drugs b ¥ SCROFULA. D § Axven's lontys WATEE czes SCROPELA in ol its manifo'd 5 : 1t acts upon most pow- by P Dixax CugvaLiga’s Live For Tug Har FALS to restors gray Lair to its original color, freshuess and + will PostTIvELY stop its falling out ; will SURRLY promote its growth; #s CRRTALY to fmpart Iife and vigog; will INVARIABLY keep (he head in 8 cosn, cool and bexlthy condition; containe uothing iu- Sutious; has No Equat as & LAtk DressinG, aod is fodorsed by out vt physicians. | amure you, ladies und gentlemen, it isall you require for tho hair. Sold by all druggists. Samam A, Cuevavien, M. D. Jury HeaTs are prostrating to the system, causing Languor, Lioss of Appetice, aud other direases incidental 0 the season. Maxspixs Canisara Tonio will give fustant relief restoriog the exiausted system to healthy ac- emoving al causes of disease. Depot, No. 487 Broadway. [ l b TRIBUNE A Avemmien o o | s aeed hornton, newsman boys sell it ou we price. ot Sarntoga, sells the TRIBONE for five oo i front of the prineipat Lo, All letters relating to subscriptions, or advertise- ments, should be addressed to * Tg TRist Nk NEW YORK." As & specimon of the ingenuity displayed in au effort * How Not to Do It,” we annex a copy of alelter addressod—" Mossrs, . New York.” e dncl el 1 d two copes of Mra. H. C. Aruold, vou seven dol Bior W ERKLY Williame Peck. * Sand Lake, July 10, 1856." Stevens Brothers are agents for Tue Tripusk in London, Eng.. and have becu published as such, but not otherwise, ‘When our friends learn to follow our directions, in addressing their business letters, we hope to have fewer complaints on ne- count of the non-reception of papers ordered by them, Our friend, at Sand Lake (who ommitted signiog Lis name), forgot to name the State. ‘Thousands of otlers are equally careloss. The name of the Post Office and State should always be written plaialy. NEWS OF THE DAY —~— FOREIGN NEWS Farly yesterday moruiog in the Canadiau Parliament a vote was take on the motion of want of coufidence in the finan- cial nud commercial policy of the Government, which ro- sulted in & majority for Q‘Iinhlry of 55. The debate on the motion lasted three days although the thermometer ranged from 96 to 95°. This is the last session of the present Par- liament and will close in about two weeks. A movemont is on foot in Ottawa to obtain subscriptions for the sufferers by the Portland fire. A new office, the Minister of the Nary, which consists of a single ves.el, bas been created in Canads, CONGRESS. In the Senate yesterday a joiut resolution was introduced from the Committes on Finanos respecting the payment of interest upon the war debts due the severa! Statos with an amendment. From the same committes was reported the bill to amend the seversl aots to indemnify the States for expenses incarred by tham in defenso of the United States with an amendment. The TProsident was requested to farnish Any information in bis pos session regarding she mction, if any was taken, of the Court of Inquiry upon the wurder of 23 United States soldiers, at Kingston, 8. C., by the Rebel Gens. Hoke and Picket, under the alleged charge of being deserters from the Rebel army. Tue Niagara Ship Caval bill was taken np on the expiration of the moraing hour, the question being on the motion to post pone the bill uutil December. After considerable discassion the bill was so postponed, 24 to 13, Mr. Willey (West Va. introduced a bill to provide for restoring to States lately in insurrection their full politioal rights. A joint resolution was passed authorizing the Commissioner of Internal Reven to suspend the collection of Internal taxes due prior to July 5, 1466, in the First Collection District of Maiue. from perdons owuing property or doing business in the burued district of Portlund, until the elose of tho next session of Congress. ‘The bill to secure the spoedy complation of the Northern Pa- cific Railroad was taken up—20 to 19: but without further ao- tion upon it, the Senate weot iuto exscutive session, and soon after adjourned. Tu the House the Civil Approptiation bill was takes up ia Committee of tho Whole. During its consideration the House rose temporarily, and a bill was reportad to protect the Teven nd for other purposes, which was read twiee, and made the special order for to-day. After fur- ther action on the I Apprepriation bill it was read o third time and passed. The House then took up the Dawson- Faler election case, and adoptod a resolution, withoot di vision, giving the seat to Mr. Dawson. The Conference Com. mittee on the smuggling bill made a report, which was adopted; and the House, at 4.4) p. m., sdjourned. An announcement was then made that a caucus of Union Senators aud Representatives would be held this evening at 7 o'clock. NEW-YORK CITY. During the week ending yestordsy, 37 cases of supposed oholera were reported to the Board of Health as baving oo curred in this city, of which 11 were genuine. Eight of the 11 proved fatal. 1n Brookiyn, 2 cases of supposed obolera bave thus far been reported to the Assistant Senitary Super- iptendent. Of these, 10 were genuine, 12 were not, and 4 are still undecided. Oue-balf of the whole number occurred inthe Twelfth Ward, At the oeeting of the Board of Health yesterday, 1,532 orders were issued for the abatement of nui sances in different parts of the Metropolitan Health District, makiog & grand total of 43,56, Xu view of the fiithy condition of the Fourth, Twelfth, Sixteenth, and Twentieth Wards of the eity of Brooklyn, and the negligence of the city authorities iu remeving garbage, the President of the Board of Health, and the Sanitary Superintendent were yesterday suthorized to emyloy a sufficient force to clean the streets. ‘The race for §300, best three out of five, mile heats, on tho Fashion Course, L. L, yesterday, in which Fenian Chief, Dan Mace, and Shark were entered, resulted in the winuing of Shark in two straight heats, Fenian Chief having been with- drawn before the race ced, and Dan Mace at the end of the second heat. Time: flrst Loat, 2 min, 274 sec.; second heat, 2 min. 30 sec. I Judge Betts, in the U. 8. District Court, has rendered a | Qecisiow condemning the steamship Moteor, on the ground that sufficient evidence had been given to prove a violation of The wother can rely upon Mas. WINSLOW'S SOOTH= | pogerylity, the parties haying control of her. Subsequent to o 8 the child from poin, but Tegulstes the stomach aad bowels, cures wind colic, softens the gums, Teduces inflammation, and. will earry e tafat safely through the oritical period of teething. ~Cos E.—It canses h, CoSTIVENESS, THE SOURCE OF Dis) Headache, Dirziness, Bilionsness. Sour Worma, lodigeation, he. Di. Hanxiso et “wariasted to core all thete, and the. oniy cute for PILES, o1 otherwise. Rold by DEMAs Baxes & Co., Hzax- AN & Co., CAswrLL, MACK & Co., and all Drugzisis. Tup GREATEST DISCOVERY OF :n Aux.;l)r. e e e, o owe .':':-: de :I»-’-".iu. ot Nt %s Coveendi st New-Tork. Price, 3 2o WiLLcox & Grass BEWING MACHINE. in . than the uh:-"l_-_ (-::'F:‘:-l Jews lisb'e to e or wear. the Bend for the © 4 atiteies o6 the same place of Tug Ary AxD Lza, by B. Flflt.s:l;l‘! LL o, Boston. . ELASTIC STOCKINGS, SUSPENSORY BAND- kL omee c.—~Mansm & Co.'s Radical Cure Trus Office Oppression, PrxisTaLTic :.‘nlaa v—v‘ Lady # 1 give rest and health to ber child. It not only relieves | the decision, the Judge granted a motion to board the vessel. The Highes bounty case was continued before Commissioner Osborne yesterdsy. The examination of Provost-Marshal Gen, Fry was concluded and the prosecution rested. The case was then adjourned until Wednesday next, whea a motion to dismiss the complaints will be argued. At the weeting of the Excise Board, yesterday, Judge Bos- worth severely reviewed the course of Julges Brady and Car- dozo, with reference to the Excise law. The total collections for the Portlund sufferers in this city up to last evening smounted to §79,979 64. (Gold was quite stesdy yesterday, opening at 1524 and closing st 162}, afier seliing st 152). Goverument Bends coutinue very active snd strong, sud transsctions are large. The misceilaneous sheres aie dul's with but few transsctions. The Rallway List opened dull and steady’ Atthe Second Bowrd the market was dull and stesdy. Money con tinues essy st 5 to 6 per cent to brokers, with occasioual transaction &t 4 on Goveruments. Forelgn exchange is firm, A fire broke out in Cineinvati, late on Thursday night, in tLe Academy of Music building, corner of Fourth and Home- sts., oceupied by Kelly & Lyou's Minstrels. The building | was totally destroyed. , The sodience bad just left. Loss on the building, 825,000 Amount of finsurance unffnown. Cooper's blacksmith shop, Geer's turning shop, Lopes's plan- ing mill and Kalper's stair-building establishment, all on Lasurel-st., Cincionati, were destroyed on the same evening. ‘Soonp-HAND SAFES in large numbers, of our own -a.u-:.g:.:u-yn: m‘& cur new patest ALUN and ' A and 721 Chestaat at., Phis. et WiLso¥'s LOCK-STITOR SEWING Mavmine sud BorroxnoLe Macuixs No €25 Broadway. AGUR.—STRICKLAND'S AGUE Ruusor is o certain stood Lhe of yoars in the Y. E—'l:'dum. overeigy feedv o &l . i o Uhnss infacted - of "“"'m&" closed by the Mayor. u Loss 20,000; very little insurance. The remains of Senator Lane huve been taken to Lawrence Kunsas. Ho will be buried on Sunday. Gen. Sherman's progress throngh New-England is l.lluln" the character of an ovation. He is at present in Bostoo. The gambling dens of Now-Orleans have been orderel | supporters of McClellan and Davis, and keep out and Tennessce line. bitween Alonso Groonlow and A. T. Tay- lor of M emphis, The lattter was killad at tho first fire. The Rev. Nelson Merry, a freedman, pastor of the Colored Baptist Church in Nashville, Tenn., on the 28th ult., married William A. Johnson (white) to ¢Conico (colored): w! fore, Mr. Merry is to be fingd $500; while the hushard ) each to pay the fine im- The Repubii- Josephinc is arre: and wife, not having posed on them, are in prison; for (saj can Banner), “The Court fined them 85 each, and they are likely (0 work thai out among the auvil choristers of the Work-Howe stoae yard, —We trust this case is to be taken up to the U. Supreme Court for adjudication under the Civil Rights wt. Let us know if, in the 8tate where the wemar- ried cohabitation of Whites with Blavks is notoriously a 8. frequent and scarcely censured, their marriag thus be punished. Judge Bosworth, yesterday, continued his eriticism of the opinions of Judges Brady and Cardozo upon the Excise Law, before the Board of Excise. He shows, we think, conchasively, that a license is er contract, nor property, and that the Legisls- ture may annul it at any time if the health, morals, and good order of the community demand it. THis array of authorities is strong; and in justice to nearly 6,000 persons, who have paid over $1,100,000 for licenses under the new law, ke calls upon Judge Brady to favor the couvening of the Court of Com- mon Pleas, in General Term, toreview the decision of Judge Cardozo. Mr. Juo. Minor Botts replies with a mass of argu- ment and testimony to Mr.J. B. Baldwin's state- ment, denying that in bis interview with the late President Lincolu, in 3361, any proposition was offered looking to the withdrawal of troops from Fort Sumter in case Virginia refused to . Either Mr. Baldwin's account of this interview is essentially false, or many witnesses, with unquestionably good memories, have badly misconstrued the facts. The evidence presented by Mr. Botts is minute, cirenm- stantial and respectable, and history is likely to take Lis word for it Ou the second page of this paper may be fonud a number of miscellancous Literary Items; on the sixth, Judge Bosworth'’s Criticism upon Judge Car- dozo's Decision against the Excise Law, and our regu- lar Law Reports; on the seventh, Articles upon the Commencement Season, Steam as a Disinfectant, The Metropolitan Board of Health, An Extraordinary Banking Operation in Hoboken, The Turf, The Homi- cide in Pearl-st., The Portland Sufferers, The Ttalian Demonstration, The Matrimonial Market, and other interesting matter. The Civil Appropriation bill being under considera- tion yesterday in the House, Mr. Price of Iowa made the sensible motion to strike out an appropriation for a Medical and Surgical History of the Rebellion, and to leave the publication of such works to private pub- lishers, He found ouly ten members to support him, asmall number, but as Mr. Price remarked, larger than the number of just men found in Sodom. On motion of Mr, Washburne, a section of the Act of July 24, 1864, which allows the payment of bounties to the Joyal masters of enlisted slaves, was adopted. The vote stood, , 82; Nay Mr. Morrill has bronght in a Revised Tarifl bill, made the epecial order of to-day. the new bill is a duty on cot- | which has b Among the p ton of three cents a preparations of which distilled sp part of the ciief value, o duty not less than that im- posed on distilled spirits. ons nd, and on all compounds or tsare a component Upward of $40,000 have been subseribed for the Portland sufferers in New-York and Brooklyn. We notice, also, that a joint resolution authorizing the 1 of Internal taxes in Port land was considerately offered by Mr. Fessenden in the Scnate, and passed that body prom —_— suspension of the collecti Senator Wilson has demanded the record of the Tuquiry on the murder of 23 United States soldi Kingston, N, C., by.the Rebel ( Pickett. Both the als were well satisfied with their work ne; but we have ne heard from the C: The discussion of the Niagara Canal bill Senate took a wide range from the subject, leadi some vagaries of speech on the part of Mr. endricks, Dbut the bill was finally brought to the vote, and post- poned by a vote of 24 to 13, Mr. Guthrie's bill for the indemnification of States for war expenses provides that proper accounting | officers, under the Secretary of the Treasury, shall re- port all money actually due each State on account of legitimate expenditures. Senator Williams of Oregon has moved the recon. sideration of the vote on the bill intended to repeal | the retrocession of Alexandria, This bill was defeated on Tuesday, —_— CABINET CHANGEN, The call by the Randall bLolters of a Convention to reorganize and nationalize the Union party has already achieved a success only paralleled by the colored gen- tleman's experience in coon-hunting. * I chased the coon up & tree,” he narrated to a’sympathizing friend, | ““and followed him away out on a limb, and I shook, | and shook, until by and by I heard something drop— and what do you think it was, Sambo 1"—* Why, the | coon, of course !"—** No, it wa'nt the coon—it was this —nigger.” Ko the call of a Johnson Convention has served the Johnson party, How men of professed Republican convictions could remain in Mr. Johnson's Cabinet after hearing or reading his 224 of February speech, we have not beag able to comprehend; and the mystery still remains mgsnln-d. Most certainly, the author of that specch can never have expected or purposed to act thereafter | with the great body of those whose votes made him Vice-President. John Tyler never assailed the Whigs s0 unsparingly, so truculently, as that specch assailed the Republicans. o Still, * while there is life, there's hope;” and we canr ealize that a Cabinet Minister may have clung to ' the least glimmering of possibility that his chief did | not really mean, after all, to desert and (if possible) destroy the party which elected him. But the Ran- dall bolt admits of butone explanation. Had its pro- jectors been deceived—had they even hoped to carry with them the mass of the Union party—they would have called a Convention of that party, and trusted to official patronsge and manipulation for its con- trol. They so shaped their call as to let in the nearly all who voted for Lincoln and Johnson, ‘becanse they knew that to let in the latter would insure their own extinction. The signers of this call are doubtless sanguine men; but, whatever their hopes may be, they do mot expect te realize them throngh the power of the Union party of 1564. They'made 4 square issue between their own ante- cedents and their aspirations; they called a Conven. | tion, whence all who mean to act henceforth with the | Lincoln-Unionists are pointedly excluded. Henceo | the Cabinet dissolution, preclnding other disruptions. As to Mr, Harlan, we believe his seat has been at M. Johnson's disposal for months. No one expected | him to hold it long; and it would have seemed uu- gracions, if not positively disconrteons, had he insisted | on retiring at once, though the President had not yet | ples and policy do @ot admit | mercial; and all of them are | dea B0 giae i o oub of the G-} owu § ernment was Jeft in doubt as to his thorough, active sympathy with the champions of Tmpartial Freedom, by whom he was recently reélected a Senator of the United States for six years from the 4th of March next. Messrs. Dennizon and Speed have been more reti- cent; but their abiding sympathies with the Union party have been concealed from none who intelligently sought to know the truth. Especting in due time to go ont, they might have still longer awaited the Presi- dent's convenience as to the time of their retirement, but for the Randall bolt. A call to define positions sometimes aflords opportunity for improving them. Mr. Stanton was formerly considered the Radical, par excellence of the Cabinet. Of latehe is understood to have been brought to realize that great practical difficulties beset their way to All Rights for All—as if such difficulties did not confront every attempt to right a great public wrong. We do not as yet know whither Mr. Stanton will go; yet there is just one place wherein he canuot stay if he would, and that is the Cabinet, after the Sham Democ- racy shall have openly resumed the reins of power. Tiat party is prepared to do and forbear much in its cager quest of office and its incidents; but we judge the acceptance of Mr. Stanton as one of its chiefs would overtax even its appetite for **spoils.” Mr. Stanton may be willing to remain; but if the Sham Democracy is to be fully reconciled to the sup- port of Mr. Johnson's Administration, he will have to 80. Whatever may be still contingent, it is no longer doubtful that he who adheres to the Randall-Niblack movement terminates thereby his cennection, if con- nection he ever had with the Lincoln-Union party. The ideas and aims of the two are so widely diverso that it were madness to seck their reconciliation. The Convention that meets at Philadelphia under the Randall call will be cssentially a Copperhead Con- vention; its chief end will be the reéstablishment of the shaken power of Caste and negro-hate throughout our country. He who goes into it must not plead, if driven or kicked out, that he did not fairly comprehend it. —_— NATIONAL ECONOM Political economy, so far as its subjects are capa- ble of scientific array, must necessarily be limited to such altract general principles as are common to all ions, and to such conditions as are common to all n, in all times and places. In the matter of inter- onal commeree, it bas but little to teach beside the necessity of exchanges between nations which are dis- similar in their natural or acquired capabilities of pro- duction—of all things in which they can be mutually elpful—in all complimentary reciprocities. It teaches abstinence from war, the establishment of in- ternational law for the government of their intercourse aceording to justice and amity, with freedom of com- munication as to all things that may promote their moral and material interests, It may find authority for auch doctrines in the reason of things, fortify them by the bistory of the past, and interpret all its data into rules for the guidance of the present toward the future; but fartber than the common law of all na- tions rules the well-being of a particular nation, it cannot go without losing its science and practical use- fulniess in & dreamy and abstract philanthropby. But we seriously doubt the claim of political econ- omy to the title of a science in anything like the sense that the term is applied to chemistry, astronomy, music or physiology. To these, first principles and eneral laws apply, because their subjects are fixed, orderly and perfect, while the affairs of men in society are variable, disorderly and imperfect, and, therefore, their treatment is necessarily remedial, and its prinei- of being thrown into atiable and universal applica- 1 undervaluing of the practice of logical formula of i tion. This is not medicine, legislation, or any of the supirical forms of charity required by the condition of things, and well adapted 1o the service. - We only wish (0 escape the tyranny of words which mean too much, and to avoid the imposture of systems more remarkable for sym- metry and seemings than for actual service. . A system of political economy to be of any segyice must be adapted to the special conditions of the peo- ple with whose affairs it is concérned. But there are ions in the savage state; agricultural; others, turing, ands others, nufacturing and com- yet further varied by their respective degrees of advancement in each of th Moreover, some of them occupy the frigid, some the torrid, and some the tempera with their capabilities and destinies inflexibly determined or greatly influenced by climatic laws. Nor is na- tional eharacter to be overlooked. They are not all | equally eapable of everything, nor can all the races of men be treated a8 homogencons or equal in the things with which economical systems are concegned. or have we yet exhansted the diversities of condi- tions with which a practical system is necessarily oc- cupied; for the same people, if they are favorably situated in a temperate climate, with a sufficient ex- tent of territory and variety of industrial agencies, mbst, in the progress of their fortunes, pass through all the stages from the simplest agriculture up to the most complete diversification of productive industry and international commerce. Now, it is apparent that no code of doctrine and practical economy can be true for all these differences of condition in which States are actually found, and that no system will suit the same people in circumstances materially changed. The Esquimanx of the Argtic region may have en invariable public law, simply because they need none of any kind. In the Torrid Zone, there is such con- stancy of physical condition, and such limitations of industrial productiveness, and their communities are 0 far removed from the class of progressive nations, that the primal laws of nature need but little modifi- cation for their political uses, oples who caunot considerable diversify their industries, and who de- pend upon a monopoly of their special products, have their affairs well out of the reach of legislative inter- ference. For all such as these, the *let alone” policy, or no policy, is precisely the thing from the beginning to the end of their career. A theory of their interests is just what a work on botany is to the vegetable world—descriptive, but not in any gense directory; that is, they can have o logical and invariable doc- trine of industrial and commercial policy, because they need none whatever, as the planets held their courses before astronomy was invented, —and had eclipses still occur exactly as thougH they never been observed nor predicted. These are the countries in which the maxim * buy cheap aud sell is the whole philosophy of trade; there lie the nations for which Adam Smith's summary philoso- phy of political cconomy suffices. ** Light taxes, in- | ternal order, and general peace” is their system, and the whole of it. With them, exchangeable values is everything, the growth of national power nothing. | Only secure ‘heir national independerte, und unre- stricted trade, or trade without law, is their rule, In | thié, the extremes meet as in other things—the people who have no industry to protect against forcign ag- gression, and those whose industrial supremacy makes it their interest to practice aggression upon all the world beside, are naturally enough out-and-out free traders, But nations in the temperato climates, well pro- vided for progress, and with & future before them, | have their fnfl:h.o make or mar by their own man- agement, ‘Their destinies are not determined, nor their conditions fixed, by & vertical sun in the heavens or a continent of ice on the earth. . They are to master the efements, not submit to them; and that * natural law,” or naturalness of law, which rules wild aui. mals and men who cannot materially modify their Loy now existing in the world n: others, pastoral; others, purel mixed agricultural and man still, who are agricultural, ma 2000, I s e chowe ot MR WL Vi B Lol o morgh pmouns that uman wotlyes wdge. is idle to treat their understanding with the simples of a quack philesophy, for they are not simpletons. Tell them that market gluts, ruinous fluctuations of prices, enforced idleness and money revulgions, must happen, just as the locusts come, and they will want to know the reason why. Tell them that supply and demand form the see-saw of business, and they will want to know why the one sometimes tilts the other off the plank. Or, try them, finally, with that sagest of all free-trade oracles, ** water will find its level,” and they will answer that the best use that can be made of water is to dam it, turn it out of its course, puf’ it to work, interfere with its natural tendency and drift, compel its gervice, and never surrender the con- trol of it till it has served human ends to its utmost capacity—then let it seek its level as it may. “The earliest settlers of a new country understand very well how unrestricted trade with manufacturing and commercial nations promotes their welfare, makes their exchanges profitable, supplies them with imple- ments and fabrics which they are not yet able to make for themselves, and in how many ways the inferior profits by commerce with the superior, up to that point where such trade begins to repress the growth which before it had fostered. In all the stages and circumstances of national growth, legitimate trade consists in the mutual supply of the things in which the parties are respectively deficient. This condition of exchange exists, therefore, not only as to products and commodities of which either has the natural monopoly, but also as those things which cither may be accidentally or temporarily incapable of furnishing on demand for use, A country of even the highest prospective capabilities, while yet in its infancy, thinly peopled, and with little material, capi- tal or skill, is greatly benefited by free trade with na- tions which have reached maturity or an approach to it in such things. But it cannot be too strongly in- sisted upon that all foreign trade, like domestic ex- changes, must be merely complementary—the divisi of labor wisely extended over the globe—and nothing else or more; for, all else, and all beyond #his, is domination of the one party and dependence of the other. An emigrant to one of our Western prairies, without capital to stock and work bis homestead, may advantageously, because he must, work in his neighbor's corn-field for a year, and take his wages in corn and pork; but if he continues to sell his labor thus, in its raw state, for a dozen years together, he is at the same time selling or losing the possible produce of bis own land to that neighbor for nothing, and losing his ownership be- sides. S0, a whole nation may profitably exchange its raw materials and provisions, its lumber, wool, wheat and flax, for their varions manufactured forms, until its own labor and capital can supply them for domestic use. In other words, exchangeable values may be the aim of national trade, while they promote productive power in constantly improving forms and stages of advancement; but when trade begins to cripple production—when it arrests its growth or abates it, it must be subordinated. In a country hold- ing the highest rank or approaching it raw materials and provisions have their highest, if not their whole, value in home consumption and internal trade—of which more hereafter, AMERICAN ANA. A recent scandalous affair in this city revived the almost forgotten gossip of Gen. Jackson's first Ad- ministration, and the memory of that great Cabine dissolution which at the time created such a wide- sounding pother. That was not the first occasion even in our own history, upon which ** a ladies’ quar- rel,” as Gen. Jackson called it, mounted to the dignity of public consequence. It is a singular fact, how- ever, that we Americans, renowned as ‘ve are for somewhat unmannerly intrusion upon the sanctity of private life, and, fond as we are of persona! anscdote, have never cultivated that branch of literature which prescrves the memory of events with colloquial familiarity, and, discarding both dignity and eulogy, lots us into the secret of men's motives in coing well or in doing dishonorably. French memoirs have loug been the delight and the despair of other nations, and although we might not have imitated them very suc- cessfully, the wonder is that we, who in literatare must try our hand at evergthing, should never bave thought of ithitating them at all. For a vain nation, we have been singularly sparing of antobiography, although the charming Tttle fragment by Frank- lin worth its weight ten times over in gold. Adams and Jeflerson have edited with ‘n solemnity and a ponderosity truly re- spectable and & little repulsive. The same is true of Madison, and of Hamilton, and of Jay. It seems to be getting every day more and more impossi- le for us to figure the great men of the Revolution as human beings, not by any means perfect in their morals, or fit tenants of a pantheon. There is a little pamphlet, printed by Hamilton when Secretary of the Treasury, in which he plaioly and plumply con- fesses a delicate misdemeanor, and which has been so effuetually suppressed that we are aware of the exist- ence of ouly asingle copy, although there may be others hidden in the rubbish of old libraries, John Adams wrote, with ummistakable distinctness, his views of his cotemporaries upon the margins of his books; but his books are packed away in the back room of a lawyer’s office in a Massachusetts village, and are not at present either much cared for nor easy of ac —-('h« letters printed by us in Tug TRIBUNE some years ago being the only account ever given to the public of this unique collection. There is a pleas- ant little volume by Miss Adams (Mrs. Smith) con- taining her letters and journal, while abroad with her father, in which the old jealousies and quarrels of the time peep out queerly, as when she speaks of Dr. Franklin. as “this man on whom the world bhave pdssed such high encomiums, and perhaps justly"— there being quito a smart scratch at old Madame Helvetius upon the next page. ‘There are two painful but inevitable results of the literary deficiency which we have indicated. The first is that our original great men are fast becoming as mythical, as shadowy, and as unsubstantial as the heroes of Homer or of Ossian, Washington, we are afraid, wo must give up. That he was a human being, that he did eat and drink, that he wrote to his tailor in Philadelphis to make his next pair of leather breeches **more roomy,” that he sometimes kissed little girls and perhaps great girls, that his artificial teeth were too large for his mouth, that he danced a minuet with stately grace, and that he conld some- times make a broad joke—this we know in spite of the precautions of Mr. Sparks, But the majority of Americans have long ago ceased to regard Washington with anything like familiar affection; he has been only a little while dead, and we ‘already speak of him as the Romans spoke of Romalus, and as Englishmen speak of Alfred, A second evil result is, that knowing little or nothing of the per- #onal character of our great men, tradition treasures up all manner of falsehood concerning them, and al- though wany of the prominent leaders of the Revolu- tion were far from saintly, popular aneedote makes them worse than they really were, The dull medi- oerity of human nature has a sure way of avenging itself for the reverence which great actions extort from it. Althongh- Washington has escaped traditionary scandal, Jefferson has not, nor Franklin, nor Hamil- ton. The two last-named havo fared the best, princi- pally, wesuspect,because they have confessed the most; but the morals of Jefferson are still under the imputa- tion cast upon them by bitter and unserupulous Feder- alists,” One cannot sufficiontly admire the courageous wisdom of Franklin, who saved himself from the sus- picion of worse follies by publicly avowing those of which he bad been guilty, When an old statesman like the Swedish Chancellor tells some young friend to noto “with how little wisdom the world is gov- is been lie the most heroic actions, ahd that natural passions aro the motive force of the liveliest or the etate. liest of public puppets. There is nothing beneath the dignity of the historic Muse exceph falsehood. Great men who maintain their authority and position with their cotemporaries who know thenr best, surely afford to let us view them at least & little a8 they were. There is neither kindness noe true respect in hoisting them to Olympus, in claiming for them infallibility, or in trying them with absolute judicial blindness by a standard of perfection. To know them at all is to know them as they were. Ta worship manufuctured demigods in the plaee of them, is merely & mockery of their'real virtues, and a dese- cration of their honest fame, A SHORT, EASY LESSON. A Postmaster-Gen. Dennison lately transmitted to the Hon. J. B. Alley, Chairman of the House Post-Offios Committee, the following official letter. It strikes & very square blow at ome of the most scandalous abuses of the age; and none but Members of Cone gress, with those who hire the use of their frankiog privilege, can fuil to appreciate its force: Post-O81cr DipARTMENT, WASHINGTON, Juse 14, 1868, S1i - Complaints bave been frequently m: to this Department of frauds upon its revenues by the illegel ueg of the franks of Members of Con by claim-agenis and other persons in this ¢ity, to which the attention of Senators and Represeotatives, whose names bave been so bat beon called. This abuse of the frankiog privilege Las be come a serious evil, lessening considerably the postal reve. Bues aud bringing reprosch npon the Department. The Postmaster-Geueral 18 powerless to arrest the evi) while Members of Caggress permit their clerks or other por sons to write the:r names upon_envelopes, and use. or the ase of fac simile stamnps, neither of which bas the sanction of law., 1 trapsmit herewith for the information of yoarself snd Committee and for such use as you may think prover to make of them, copies of two letters recently peceived at thin ‘ment from reliable parties. and copies of statements made by 10 an ofticer of the Department. sbowing the used the franks of mem- manner in bers in thelr business. 1 should regard the repeal of all aws authorizing such privi- lege as most ealthy legisiation, 1n harmony with the principle on which the Post-Office_Department is ized, and motive of good morals, Tam very respectfly, you~ obed servant, W. Dexsisox, Postmaster Genersl The Hon. 7. B. Arrry, Chairman of Cow. ou P. 0. & P Ry House of Kepresentatives. AMERICAN OPIUM CULTIVATION, It has long been known that the species of poppy from which opium is obtained is indigenous in North- ern Mexico, where it grows in great profusion in the extensive plateanx of that country. According to tha Report of Major Duffield, Uvited States Marshal in Arizona, this plant is also found growing in its natural wild state in the valley of the Sauta Cruz River, Mr. Emanuel Weiss, of Pennsylvania, has reccatly visited the regions where the poppy is found, for the purpose of examining the country with reicrence to its availability for opiumenlture. In a circular which he has just issued he exhibits the China trade with England and the United States, from which it appears that the British Govercment exchanges opium with the Clinese for tea, and transfers a large quantity of the latter article to the United States, for which wa pay in gold, Ifit be true, as set forth in this circular, that * two families, with but two able field hands, can put teu acres of poppies under cultivation, whick will yield about 1,200 pounds of merchantable opium, containing nearly ten per cent of morphine,” it will prove one of the most profitable crops iu this country. The poppy matures rapidly, and is harvested within one hundred days from the date of planting. The greater part of the year could, therefore, be employed in the production of other crops, in stock-growing, oe in mining operations, for either of which the Territory of Arizona affords ample facilities. The production of opium as an article of export wonld add materially to our commerce, and would remove the necessity for a large exportation of the precious metals, —_— We began to publish in THE Seywr-Weesry Trrs- UNE last Tuesday John Ruskin's * Crown of Wild Oliveg,” or three lectures on Work, Traffic and War, recently delivered hefore & workingmen's institute at Camberwell, We shall give the concluding discourss in our next issne of the Semi-Weekly. Mr. Ruskin has an odd conception of the Ameriean war, of popu- lar government, and of the English Church; but these essays are the vigorous efforts of an eminent moral mind. We trust that no man who works—be it in the sweat of his face or with the toil of his braim, will fail to read what one of the best of living English writers has to say about the difference Detween work- ing foolishly and working wisely. Gen. Howard has put to a test the question of is- suing rations to the Freedmen's Burcau by his letter to the Governor of South Caroliva. Gen. Sickles had, on Gov. Orr's supposed statement that the want of rations in that State is muoch exaggerated, disapproved of the ration retums. The offer of Gen. Howard, accordingly, to #limit the bounty of the Bureau, on an_authentic statement of facts has had the good effect of showing that the Bu- reau cannot be spared. Gov. Orr names a dozen dis- tricts where the people of both colors are crying for relief. The case is much the same in other States where the Bureau is popular for its rations, if for nothing else. Mr. Secretasy Welles writes, favoring the Phila- delphia Couvention: *The President has labored with devoted assiduity and fidelity to promote union, harmony, prosperity and happiness among the States and people, but has met with resistauce, mis- representation and calumny where bo had a right to expect coiperation and friendly support.” Is Queen Anne dead ? v It is stated, we know not with what truth, tha$ Gen. John A. Dix has written a letter favoring the Philadelphia Convention, and will probably bo & member of it The Express so understands the mat- ter; but we shall wait before we quite beliove that Gen. Dix has surrendered his sword, The N. Y. Times most butr’ngeou‘sly-uyn; “There ara bat few leading journals in this country thet could be guilty of attacks of this kind. or of the grosy inde- cency of publicly assailiag an_estimable lady. Wo know of but oue, aud that, we need not is Tue Twisuse.” ~The Editor of The Times knows better. could ever tempt us to speak of his lady or ladies. In the case to which he alludes, the paragraph wad inserted at the urgent request of one whom wo undet- stood to be a devoted friend of the lady in question, and with no other purpose, either on his part orom ours, but to vindicate her from a groundless impata~ tion. We supposed it prompted by and gratifying 80 herself until she saw fit to take exception to it—s8 exception unwarranted by anything we ever printeds AP., jr., certifies that **out of thirty-five officers of the Free Trade League, only six are at all connected with English trade.” Very good: Now will he favor us with o complete list of the contributors to the funds of that Leagee, and the amounts paid in by eacl ! We have asked foe this repeatedly, and received ouly abuse. The proposition by Mr. Hale of our State of & Joint Committee ou Retrenchment is very good, 80 far as it goes. To make sure that it shall go some- where, we suggest this additional provision: Resoloed, That every bill,amendment, pmmw or resolve, or_sllywence whereby a new place is created. or an) raised, shall I)orpqlmrulm this Comnlllie. ulwlu tuoreea i eitber House sbail await said Committee's report. Gov. Orr of South Carolina complains: **Wo are without representation In Congress T T Y y impoverisbed by lguhlmndl . Iu.l.n wa are allowed 1o voice of protest even in the counsels nation, Our loyalty to mocnr—:"f the United States 15 impagaed in 1he face of 0ur oaths of af takon emuly and in gowd (aith, and the poor privilege of an denial is withlield.” “This is but one pact of the chaptor. If the Govornof will turn back o fow uages, he will find the it - ; neitber oe®