The New-York Tribune Newspaper, May 23, 1866, Page 1

yor. XXVL...N® 7839 N THE YOUNG AND RISING GENERATION, bat In e few yesr he vegelative powers of lifs are strong, Bow often the pallid hue, th. lscklaster eye and emaclated form, and the impossibiity of wpy effort, show Mo Boreful influence. 1t soom becomes evident to the obeerver that sowe depres infliesce s checking the development of the body. 1 the patient be a female, (he restraiute of fash ihe ball-zoom, with the body huif clotbed, the mind eagerly intent o pleasure. When one excitement is fivished, snotber ip prospective ¢ and sbsolutely forbids the exercie Exposare to night air, and bedy timate effect, ond stion to mental fonsble dress, nnd &eeps the mind morkidly we indiepensible to orgunic strength. reeking with excessive dancing, preduce their Jogit she unfortunste ferale, regardless of the plain dictates of anerring sature, becomes an unwilling rubject {0 medica) wreatment. The up- proach of the besutiful and wenderful period in which body snd mind endergo so fascioeting s change from cLild to woman, sud v which mture ix to show ber eaving powers in diffusivg the circolation end siniting the oheek with the bloom of hesith—in Jooked for in vain Consumption is talked of. Alsa! increase of appetite has grown by what it fed ov, the evergies of the rystem are jrostrated, eud the whale economy is deranged. Wy, reviewlng the causes of these distressing complaints, it is most poinful to contemplete the sttendsot evily consequent upen them. 1t e but simple justice to the eubject to enumerste 8 few of e meny wddstional canses which 8o lusgely affect the life, bealth and Lappivess , sflect, more o lese ciety, apd which, consequi of the eutire boman family, and ot the same time fal classes of #rectly, the placing In thedr bands & remedy for the removal of the consequences. HELMBOLD'S FLUID EXTRACT BUCHU, FOR WEAKNESS ARIfING FRON FXCESERE O IKDISCRETION, BXISTING IN PERSONP or poTm sEx Attended with the following symptoms Tndiepesition to Exertion, Low of Power, Loss of Mewory, Difb suity of Breathing, Geners! Weekoess, Horror of Disesse, Wesk Nerves, Trewbling, Herror of Deeth. Night Sweats, Cold Feet, Wake- fulness, Dismuess of Vision, Laogaor, Universal Lassitade of the Mos suler System, Often Enormooe Appetite with Dyspeptic Sympton Hok Hends, Floshing of the Boey, Dryness of the Skin, Pallid Co wnnce and Exuptions oo the Face, Paia in tbe Back, Heaviness of the Pyelide, Frequently Black Spots flying before the Eyes, with Tem. gorary Suffasion sud Loss of Sight, Want of Attention, Grest Mobil 4XD AT EYERY PERIOD OF LIFR te iy, Reetlessuess with Horror of Soclety. Nothing is more desirable to sach Patieits than Sclitade, and volbiog they more dread for Fear of Thesose'ves, no Repose of Mauner, 1o Earnestness, no Speenlation, ot & burried Transition from cne question to another These symptome, if sllowed to go ca—which this Medicive fovari- llow Lous of Power, Fatuity, and Epileptic Fits, wbly remov 0 cue of which Daring the § Anylum, this sad result occurred to two patieuts; remson bed for o Aime left them, wnd both died of epilepsy. Wio can ey that tbese excesses sre Dot frequently followed by thote direful diseases, INSANITY snd CONSUMPTION! The socords of the Insane Auglums end the melancholy deatlis by Convumy: #ien, bear ample witness 10 the truth of these sasertions. Tn Lunatic Asylams (he most melsncholy exiibition appears. The countenance S0 sciually sodden and guite dertitute—neither Mirth or Oriel ever wislt f1. Should a souad of the volce occar, it is rarely exticalate “With woful meseures wan Des Low » Jlen sounds Lis griel begul Wnile we regret the existence of the above disenses and eymptoms, we ere prepared to offcr an invalusble gt of chewistry for the re- oot e petient may eayie. pesintendence of Dr. Wilson, at the Bloowingdale novel of e conseguences— HELMBOLD'S I1IGHLY CONCENTRATED FLUID EXTRACT OF BUCHU. % THERE 18 NO TONIC LIKE IT. & M 3o v anchor of kope te the worgeon and patient; this e the eotimony of a4 who Leve vred or prescribed it. HELMBOLD'S FLUID EXTRACT BUCHU »ou hen Retention or Jucontinence of Urine, Irritation, oflammation er Bladder o1 Kidpeye, Diveases of the Prostate Gland, Stove fo the Blsdder, Calealus Gravel or Brick Dust Deposit, and al} Dis ewrer of the Bindder, Kidneys, and Dropaics) Swelings. HELMBOLD'S YLUID EXTRACT BUCHU, S affections pecalisr toYemslen, is unequaled by any other prepars Slow. a» in Chlorosis o Retention, Jrregularities, puinfulness or sup- pression of eustomary eva ustiaos, Ulcerstion or Scirrhous state of the Uterus, Leucorrhes, sud a!l complsints incident to the se whelber arising fiom babite of diseipation,. imprudencies, o in the Decitne er Change of Life. HELMBOLD'S FLUID EXTRACT BUCHU, AND IMPROVED ROSE WASI, exterminate from the system Disenses of the Urinary ©vgans erising from habite of dissipation, st little expense, little or ro chasge in diet, and no exposure, completely superseding those vo- plessant and dengeross remedies, Copaibs and Mercury, in curiag those unplensss ANGEROUS DISEASES. USE HELMBOLDS FLUID EXTRACT BUCHU 4w o enses of the Urivary Orgaus, whether exiatiug o male or feu from wistever csase originating, and no matter of how loug stand 19 in pieassut fo taste snd odor, immediste in St nd more sirengtliening then rny of the preparations of Bark Those sufiering from Brokeu-down or Delicste Coustitutions pro- cwre the remedy at once. The resder mast be awnre that however slight may be the attack of the sbove disense, it is sure to affect the bodily besith, mental powers, Bopyiness, sod that of posterity. Our flesl aud blood are supported Bom (Lo pources. PHYSICIANS, PLEASE NOTICE! t of the Ingredierts. HELMBOLD'S FLUID EXTRACT BUCHU is composed of Berties, selected with grest care aud prepared fu vacuo by H. MELMROLD, Droggist and C) sbe City of Philadelphis, snd fs prescribed by the most eminent physictans IDr Kxyskn s s pbysician of over thirty years' experfence, aul s wredonte of the Jeferson Medical College and of the Univer Mediciue and Surgery of Philsdeiphis. | M. B, 7. Heiupoup—Dear Sir: 16 regard to the question wsked we ea to wy opinion about Huchu. I would sy that 1 have ased and T Uleersiion of sold the srticle in varions forms for the past thirty yesrs. [donot | thduk there is any form or preparation of it I have uot used or known 1o be nsed, in the various diseases where such wedicate agent would o dudicated. You are aware, ss weil as myself, that it has beeu ex Jensively employed in the varloos diseases of the bladder and kid weys, aud the reputation it has acquired is wy ) ot is warranted by the facts. 1 have seen and used, as before stated, every form of Fuchu—the | powdered leaves, mple decoction, tineture. Auld extracte—and | i mot coguizant of any prepar of thet plant et all equal to 1 thiok. to give me the right to judze ut prejudice of partisiity | give yours prece. value your Bochu for ite sffect on patients. 11 red with it kidueys than 3 have ever sean cored with any other Buchu, or any otler proprie tory eowpound of whatever oame. Respectfully yoors, &e. GEO. H. KEYSER, M. D. No. 140 Wood-st., Pitisburgh, Peun. Aogust 11, 1668, HELMBOLD'S FLUID EXTRACT OF SARSAPARILLA, HIGHLY CONCENTRATED. One bottie equivaient i strength Lo one gallon of the Sycup or De evetion. 1t senches the sest of the disease tmmedintely, oxpalling ! MU MORS OF THE BLOOD, sad BEAUTIFYING THE COMPLEXION! These articles, being of such strength, the doss is exceadingly wmall. From this fact, it s used io the United Btates Army Hospitais nd peblic Ranitary Institutions throughout the laad. PRINCIFAL DEPOTS. HELMBOLD’S PRUG AND CHEMICAL WAREHOUSE, NO. 394 BROADWAY, N. Y., axp HELMBOLD'S MEDICAL DEPOT, NO. 104 BOUTH TENTIHST.. (RELOW CHENINUT) PHILADELPHIA, BOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHEKE. BEWARE OF COUNTERFLITS. ABB POB BELMEOLD'S. \ chu, Cobebe and Juniper | T. audst of sixteen years' experience i | FROM WASHINGTON. e —.—— OUR SPECIAL DISPATCHES. ——— Political and General Matters at the " Capitol. — CROPS IN SOUTH CAROLINA. ——— Appointment of Visitors to the Military Academy. ——— PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS, Sundry Military and Bounty Bills before the Senate. CONSIDERATION OF THE FUNDING BILL, —_— ELADORATR SPEECH OF SENATOR SHERMAN. —— The Freedmen's Bureau Bill to be Continued in Foree, ———— The Bankrup! Bill Passed--68 fo 59 —_— WaAsHINGTON, Tues JEFP. DAVIS'S TRIAL. George Shea, esq., of New-York, who Las been Lere for the past week attending to the preliminaries on bebaif of the defense of the great state prisouer, left to-day en route for Fortress Monroe. The benofit of counsel has now been permitted to the accused, and it really begins to look aeif & few weeks will bring on the grand trial of the age. AN APPOINTEE. Judge Hughes, who is appointed Cotton Agent for the Treasury Department, vice Mellon, removed, is from Indiaua; is of the firm of Hughes, Denver & Co., Claim Agents, of this city, and recently figured in court as the friend and couneel of Mrs. Colb, toe female pardon- broker, whose trade Gen. Baker, the detective, so suddenly broke up with the approval of the Supreme Court. THE BAEERUPT BILL. The fate of the House Bankrupt bill in the Senate is very doubtful. It is a matter that will be made the sub- joet of protracted debate by the lawyers in that body, and b the session is drawing rapidly toward a close, and the Senate is far behind the House upon important measurcs, the loss of the Baukrupt bill is rendered almost certain, even if it could command suflicient strength, which is bardly prol able. MR. CAMPBELL'S INSTRUCTIONS. The State Department is engaged in preparing the instructions to Mr. Campbell, our Minister to Mexico, They will not be completed, however, until the return of M. Seward, who is understood to be opposed to giving any decided aid to the Liberal cause. The principal reaton why Gen. Logan refused to accept the mission was that | Mr. Seward would not permit bim to use his position, ae | Minister, in favor of the Liberal party. | TOR JUDICIARY SYSTEM. The House Judiciary Committee to-day, had under con- sideration the Senate bill reorganizing the present Judici- ary system of the United States. Letters from leading lawyers in various pasts of the country bave been received against this bill. It will probably be reported in a few days, and put upon its pessage potwithstanding the oppo- | eition to it ¥, May 22, 1666, INTERNAL REVENCE. Receipts to-day ouly $309,460. SENATOR SHERMAN'S ARGUMENT to-day in favor of the funding of all the Governmexnt se- curities into a five per cent loan was an exceedingly inter esting and valusble presentation of financial facts that will repsy careful perusul. He occupied nearly two hours in | its delivery, and demonstrated clearly the uecessity for, | and feasibility of, reducing the rate of interest to at Jeast five per cent. Senntor Fessenden will speak on the ANOTHER POSTPONEMENT. The serenade to the President is again fixed for Wednes- day might, but the non-arrival of Mr. Reward may induce a further postponement a6 he is now deeted theonly trustworthy man, out of the whole Cabinet forsuch aspeech as Johuson's policy needs. GOVERNMENT OF THE DISTRICT. | A wajority of the Senate Committec on the District of Colombia are now thought to be in favor of governing the District by a Commission, and doing entirely away wit the clections for Mayor and Councils. Should th port the bill it will be passed by the Senate and House THE RAILROAD TAX. The travelers by railroad, in New-York in particalar, and in the whole country generally, should be gratful to | Representative Giles Hotcbkiss for his amendment— | offered this evening—takiug off from passengers the two | and a half per cent tax which the Internal Revenue bill had saddled them with. The corporations will bave to bear it. PARDON OF RIOTERS. The President pardoned to-day thres of the Alexaudria rioters who kept last Christmas by killing negroes, and | who but recently were sent to Albauy penitentiary. | CROPS IN SOUTH CAROLINA. The Commissioner of Freedmen's Affairs last week | received dispatches fiom Charleston, 8. C., in which it is | stated as probable that the people will not raise es large | crops a8 those produced before the war. 3any planters who made fair beginning with the hope that some turn of fortune would furnish them the means to carry them throngh, will be compelled to abandon the idea of raising a_crop for waut of provisions to feed tho freed people working for them, while & number of | the planters failed to attempt to plant on their own re- | spousibility, but turned their plantations over to the frecd people, to be cultivated by them, they giving the owners | of the lands some share of the crops. This is the case | more particularly on the Sea Islands, and along the | coast, for miles into the interior; &lso through | that portion of the State where the armies | passed in 1564 and 1865, Tho colored peoplo there finding {hemselves suddenly free, with no power to guide and di- rect thew properly, supposed that with freedom all other things would be added, and in 1365 weds little provision for the future. There are a groat numbsr of people, both | white and black, who find themselves with a fair crdp, and {0 many instances with & large crop planted, and with no means to fead either themsclves or their laborers, until the time when the products of their labor cau be gathered aud sold. b lated Proms. Cy ek W asHIxGTON, Tuesday, May 32, 1566, BILL APPROVED. . The President has approved the bill making appropria- tions for the service of the Post-Office Department for the next fiscal yewr, Tho ag te amount for internal and foreign service is $13, In addition to this, $150,000 18 appropriated for the € mail serviee; ,000 for the mail service between San for the Overland Mail transportation between Atchison and Folsom, end for marine mail transportation betwean New-York and California. The Postmaster-General i« thorized to einploy ssiling vessels for the transportation of the mails between the poris of the United States and any foreign ports where the service may be facilitated thereby, sllowing sud paying therefor a compensation not exceeding the sea postages accruing on the mails so con veyed. Lig bill also vrovides for the edvestising of all bill when it comes up uext week, in oppotition in part. | jited States and Brazil | Francisco, Japan and China for six months, and $)00,000 | p the Execntive Departments in two dail 8 in the City of Washington having the largest ’c.}'p’.?f.mn..mx in 0o others, Heretofore the law was for publication in the two papers having the largest circulation, and @ third to be selected by the President. This latter, therefore, i now precluded. THE METHODIST CENTENNIAL AT BALTIMORE. _Prominent at the Centennial Methodist celebration last night were Secretary Harlan and Bishops Simpson and Amee. The Rev. Dr. DeHass n:n:mlmgx that he had re- ceived $5,000 from a friend in Baltimore, given in the name of Gien. Grant, toward the erection of the Metropol- itan Church in Washington. Contributions were then made for this church to the amount of $24,300, for Dick- inson College $2,050, and for the general fund $1,200—the latter being for the pn; of aiding the Educational In- etitutes and Theological Seminaries througbout the coun- try. _THE BANKRUPT BILL. Tht:lfollowmg is o summary of the Bankrupt Law, as it passed: The first section constitutes the District Courts of the United States Courts of Bankruptcy. The sccond section gives the Usited States Clreuit Courts general superintendence and jurisdiction of wil cases and er the et 3 to 7 mclnsive, relate to the administration of the law in Courts of Bankruptey. ‘Seotions 8, 9 and 10, refer 1o appeals and practice. ‘The eleventh section provides that if any person residing within the jurisdiction of the United State, owing debts over 300, tition to the Judge of his Judicial Dis- o7 bis debta in full aud bis exs to surrender his estate for the benefit of bis cred- itors, the filing of which sball be an sct of bakruptey, and such petitioner shall be adjudged a bankgupt. A warrant shall then be issued by the Judge. directig l“e Marsbal of toe D trict to take possession of the estate and keep the same until the uppointment of an assignee. Notice e then 1o be given to the ereditors to hold 8 weeting ‘and choose one or more assignees. Sections 12 to 18, inclusive, define, in great detail, the duties 9t0 24, inclusive, relate to debts and the proof Bection 25 provides for the sale of perishable propertv. Section 26 proy des for the examination of buskrupts before the Court, and exempts them from lHability to arrest during the pendency of the proceedings in bankrupiey in ciy Section 27 relates to the distribution of the baukra tate. Al creditors whose debts are duly proved and allowed are to be entitled to sbare in the bankrapt pioperty prosiate without any priority or prefercnce whatever, except that wages due from him to any operative, clerk, or house servaut 10 an amount not exceeding §50 for labor performed witkin six_mouths next preceding the m:rgwuml.un.nnnkuptcy all be entitled to Jroperty and shall be first paid in full. Tn the order for a dividend the following claims are te be entitled 1o priority of preference and to be firet paid iu full iu the fol- lowing order: First: Fees, costs and expenses of suits, and for the custody of property. Sccond: Ail debis due to the United States and ail taxes and assessments under the la Third - All debts due to the State in which the in baskroptey are pending, end ell taxea uts made under the laws of sach State. Fourth: Wages due 1o any operative, clerk, or house servant, o amount not exceedin, for labor perfurmed wilin six wouths next preced rat publication of the potice of proceedings in baukruptey. Fifth: All debts due to any per- sons who by the laws of the Uuited States are, or may be, ea- titled to o priority or preference in I'ke manver, as if this sct bnd not been pus:el, Always provided tbat nothiog contained in the act sball iuterfere with the assessment and collection of taxes by the United States or any State, Section 29 und the five following sections relate to the bank- ruptey discharge and its effect. 1f it sball appear o the Court that the bankrupt has in al) things conformed to Lis duty under this act and thut he is entitled, under the provi- slons thereof, to receive , the Court shall grast him & discharge from all bis debts except oa thereinafter pre- vided, and sball give hizm a certificate thereof ander tbe sesl of the Court. Sscxlul 35 deciares preferences and fraudulent converances void. Sections 36, 37, and 38 relate to bankruptey of partnersh and corporations and to dates and dtponlmu‘yv oz ' Sections 39 to 12 fnclusive provide for the cage of involun- tary baakruptey, o departure from the State, avoiding the ser- vice of legal process, removal or concealment of property. frau- Tuiont et Prnt of propersy, artest and detsation for debt for o period of seven days; coufession of judgment or suspen- #ion of payment of commercial paper for fourteen days shal be deomed ab sct of bavkgaptes. Section 43 provides for the suspendiog of the backrupt pro- ceedivgs by arrangement. Section 44 provides penaltien agaivst bankrupts for conceal- ment of property, falsifying books or pupers, fraudulest Slgument or COLVEYAnee of PIoperty. speauiug in Kaiing, pe witiing a fietiti goods on credit fraudulently withi menoement of proceedings in bankruptey; these are to be | deemed wisdemeanors, pasisbed by imprisonment with o1 without bard labor, for a term notexceeding threo years. Bections 43 and 46 provide penalties aguinat ollicers iv sd- ministering the law. Section 47 regulates fees and costs, Section 48 regulates stamp duties on petitions, warrants, &o. Sections 49 and 0 defive ke weanivg of terws and tbe com- | putation of time, Section 81 and | v ebt 10 Do proved against biw, obtainiag three mouths of the com: | nncts that this act shall commence and pointment of the officers created hereby of ral d femd orders from and | of s app provided that mo petition or otler proceeding under this act shall be filed, received or com wenced before the first day of November, 1666, VISITORS T0 WEST POINT. | The President has appoiuted the foll #ons 10 be Visitors at the appronching ¢ United States Military Academy st West ¥ menciog on the first Monday in Ju Vermont, the Rev. John Newman C. Turner of Providence; New-Jersey, ue of Trenton; Penusylvania, Wm. F. Jolinson of Pittsburgh Delaware,; Wm. 8. Macauliy, jr., of Wilmingtos; Vir- iuia, the Hon, B. J. Barbotr; Florida, the Hon, Wm. arvin; Missiseippi and Arkassas, the Hon. Josiah Snow; Texas, Major Auson L. Mills of Washingto Missouri, | Gen. J. Stevenson; Tennessce, Judge W. Luckey; | Kentucky, Judge Emeree; Indiana, J. L. Campbell; Il | nois, Dr. Jos, M. Ralston of Quincy; Wisconsin, Jobn G, McMyun; Kansas, Col. John P, Martin of Achison; Ore- gon, the Hon. J.'W. Nesmith. wili report themselves to Brevet their arrival at West Poiut. The ¥ | has made the following appointments at large to the United States Military Academy st West Point: William | Wier of New-York; Jacob Bell, jr., of New-York Hein, D. C.; Thowas Towssend, D. C.; Dougla | son of Gen. Grant. NO RIXDERPEST ON THR ISTHMUS. | ctor of Customs st Pavama roports to ibe rtment, under date of May 13, 1866, in ref- ease among the cattle which bas broken wus, and which was reported to be the atter a thorough investi oln : For the Siate of Rhode Island, Thos. | | | |, The Tus Treasury | erence to the out on the lsth Rinderpest. Having given the | gation, he is confident that nothing like the cattie plagne | g:l)‘el appeared in those countries. The disease prevail- ing there, fi nys, i8 the usual distemper caused in the dry season by U le feeding too frecly on the young grass | which springs up after the first rains, and i# not conta- | gious. | PARDONED. | | The President yesterday granted a pardon to B. Palmer of Murfreesborough, Tenn., formerly a Brigadier-Gene in the Rebel army, on the strongest recommendations. The President of the United States has granted pardons 1o the following persons, held for criminal offenses: Chi E. Mould of llfiunxl, now under arrest for stealing letters from the Post-Office at Chicago; George Coates of Now- | York, convicted of smuggling and sentenced to 30 d | confinement and_to pay a fine of $100, and Jumes W. | Bowling of New-York, also convicted of smuggling aud | kentonced to pay a fine of $100, and be imprisoned for 60 days. Contes and Ihthu{l having served out their pe- | riods of confinement, and being unable to pay tho fines imposed upon them, they were pardoned on_the | recommendations of many respectable citizens of New- | York. TO MILITARY OFPICERS. General Order No, 114, dated War 1 tant-General's office, Washington, Aug. iting officers on leave of abseuce from ing Washing- ton without special permission, is rescinded. The atten- tion of all officers arriving at the seatof Government is directed to the regulation requiring them to report st the office of the Adjutant-General, and record their names and | residences in the ciiy. CLERKS IN THE WAR DEPARTMENT. | The Secretary of War, in response to resolution, to- day communicated lists of clorks in his own office and tho | various Bureaus sttached to that department, from which | it appears that the total number is about 1,200, Of the | whole, 685 have served in the Union anuy. The Secretary | says that one person only (Doty) in the Department had been in the Rebel service. He was @ doserter from the | Rebel army; appointed by the specific order of the late | President Lincoln after ho bad joined the army—the pur- | page of detaining bim being to kave bim from the hazard | of death to which he would be exposed in case of capture by the enemy. rtment, Adju. 1862, prohib- CONFIRMED. The Senate to-day in Executive Seasion, confirmed the | nomination of Willism Tripp to be Surveyor-General for ; the Territory of Dakota, vice George D. LLill, resigued. | PORTO RICO TRADE. 5 | _ The United § Cousul at 8an Juan, Porto Rico, un- | der date of A 1866, reports that the royal decree of | October huttiog to the general trade of imports of national'and foreign products the ports of A Arecibo and Naguato, within this Consular District, 1 Dbeen repealed provisionally; therefore, the said ports will continne to be open, as before, as ports of entry, The above decree of tober 19 has been .Imd‘y p-m( re- pealed by another royal order dated January 27, o far the port of Agusdills was concerned. CERTIFICATES OF INDEBTEDNESS. | Official notice is given to the holders of Certificates of | Indebtedness, issusd under the acts of Congress approved March 1 and 17, 1862, that the Secretary of the Treasury, in aceordance with said acts and the tenor of said certifl- is Ym red to redeem, befors maturity, all Certif- eates of Iudebtedness falling due in Juue, July or Angust, 1866, with accrued interest thereon, if presented for re- demption on or before May 31; and ' that thereafter such cortificates will cense to bear inter»st, and will be paid on resentation at this department with interest ouly 10 the |, said 3lst inst, | INDIAN AFFAIRS. Colonel Maynadier, Commander of Fort Loraine, Dacotali Territory, who is also one of the Commissioners appointed by the Government to treat with the Indiaus in that locality, reports the recent acrival of a number of the | different tribes iu the section of Fort Loraine, whither | they were forced to come through destitution aud hunger. | Provisiogy werg insugd 10 thew. for whieh they werp very NEW-YORK, WEDNESDAY, MAY 23, 1866. | tho claimant is identified b; | they are required to make oath J YO Dl T T <> gratefal. No signs of a hostile disposition were observed on the part of any of them. Cominissioner Cooley of the Indian Bureau baving left Washington for a few days absence, Clarles 8. Mix, esq., Chief Clerk of that Department, is. by npguinun(m of the President, Acting-Commissioner during the interim. XXXIXti CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION. FENATE.... WAsHINGTON, May 22, 1866, BQUALIZATION OF BOUNTIES. Mr. Wrison, from the Committee on Militas Aflairs and the Militia, to which was referred Senste bill No. 207, to provide for the equalization of bounties to the soldiers in the Inte war of the Kebellion, preseuted o bill and o written report. The report sn'y: ’ 1t has ever been the policy of the Government of the United Biain o kaep 440l S A 0 ek of i rely o) Lism el ns ¢ ranks hifibpr.y"h-uum of war. The experience of three. quarteis of a centary has amply vindicated the wisdom of this i ted States, linble to do mili policy. Every oitizen of the Uni l-mnty. is jastly held to owe to the Government in_time of K:‘. “IL i retern (-’»l the ctection given bim, his scrv- and, be, bis lite, while | the eitizen milit services to his eountry, the ‘eountry retarn lumll{ bound to recognize and justly reward the military services rendered by the citl- 2on.” At the outhreak of the Rebellion, and at varions times during its continuance, the Government snmmoned its citizens to il the ranks of its militmy forces, and wore tran 2 500,000 ed to the call of their conntry. They relinquished the parsuits of geace, the comforts of home, and periled their Tives that the Kebellion might be suppressed ‘and the country 'he sums paid or agreed to be paid to soldiers, sailors bounty aud other allowauces doring the ‘years of the war, were certaiuly not ade- n for the services rendered aud the sacrifices the last year and s half, owing to the im- ame ne- uate com) eadred. pensatior During ronse drain upon the arme-bearing population, it e osary to offer additional inducements to retain thowe in the service who, by metnal experience in the field, had become veterans, s well as to secure enlistments 10 fill the depleted rauks of the ariay and to man the large nayy created durin the war. ‘These adaitional mmiurran»l-»d by law amounte 10 #100 per anuum for redalisted or for volunteers for gue, two or three years; 8100 er aonum may therefore be considered a8 the mensure of the highest boanties paid by the Government In order that those who entered the service doriog the firat w0 and a balt vears of the war, and who bore the keary bur dens of the condict, may be placed npon ap equal footiog with those who entered the service at a iater day, the bill provides 1hat each and every soidier, sailor, and werine sha)l receive a and one-third dolars for each month of service, ms paid and to be paid in bounty and prize money, shall be deducted therefrom. An erroneons impression generally prevails a1 (0 unt necessary to equalize boun- Ues, and varions eetimt he amount required bave been . The whols nu { troops eredited throughout the war on all enlls wis 2,652,062, and according to the ofticial statement of the War Departmert, 1,745,278 wen lave already been paid tue full amount of the one hundred dollars year. Aoccoriing to the most relable data that can b \he actoal amount of money required o “fl? out the provisions of the Dbill,’ snd mete ont equaf Justice to all, estimating eight and one third dollars for each month of service, without any deductions, would be as follows: 19,965 three months' troops, 825 en 799, 625; 19,076 six months' troops, §50 each, $953,600; €7,000 niue monthe' troops, #75 ea 86 5068 troope, 8100 each, $w5,0; 30, 095,000, each, ; 1,132,570 three oops, 200 each, 226,514,000, total BM,E7, 1'%@ three years troops in the above table ve already received #100. Al that served ont ful) terma will be entitied to €200. A large number (136,507) redalisted e * veterins,” and a deduction of $200 each must be made for them; also for deserters, Kebel rhon. roll of dischargea, discan:ges of test, &e., &o. Lo total number of deserters !w the war was 298,000, many of these belog probably re ported neorrcctly. ‘The actaal number is estimated 5t 200,000 being seven and a-balf per cent, to which add two and one-balf per cent for the othier causes enumerated, the amount neeossary will then be as follows, without deduo- tion: $242,634,575; less 10 per cent, as above, §24,563.487; less for veterans, $27,90),400. Total, 841584667, Net amount, 8191, 249,968 from which deduct #25,000,000 for sbort payment Jn acconnt of discharges prior to the expiration of service, the net amount N will be in round numbers 8185,000,000, sdding 10 per cent for full paywent to soldiers discharged on account. T ision= of the bill respecting purchase or tranafer of Alscharges believed to bave been Miudr:{ Agents 10 ex- pectation of a bill of this nature are conside effected though o deduction s estimated ov that aceoust. 'The stteation of Coagress and the conntry has often been called to frauds vpoa soidiers, and to prevest this ond secure direct payment ihe Paywaster General is autborized to make the payies aod asents aud attaracys are entirely excluded from any parti ti0a in the prosecution or sectlemeat of claims for sol lvivg. ‘This will protect the inerests of the soldiers and 6ot add to the labors of the accountiug and disbursing ofticers more than is actuall in 8 work of such mag- nitade. The deduction of beoause large nutbers of mea for disabilicy and Boldie seharged bounty for the full & a8 man Lelyiews, 2. ' wnable to return tL pursuits the; Wwithoni ame. oF at the eall have fought with sach elf- tee tave bot been unmindful of the effect Ahcharged n 1 cary par of the WAF re in the ear! er ceuses afler afew i’:mh service. aceoust of woands are estitled to them and the finances of the country, but they have faith in the patriot- Jsm of the American peoj e atr -hu: of their gratitnde 1o tae BALID'S jers, and o the rapid devel of the vaut mineral resoarces of ti oouotry, believe thal credit of the nation will not be impaired by mruunl this mensare, which will remain for all time an endaring ex- aisp'e of ihe faith, bovor and gratitude of the nation. The bill to equalize the bountice of soldiers aud sailors 1. That overy soldier who has served in tke war, bout distinetion of color or race, and Lns been bonorably charged , shall be pald o honnl' of eight and one-third dol- Jars per month for each month of service. It excepts Home Guards and other troops for local service, or that are now ex- cluded from bounties by the War Departwent, or by their en listment, from said bounties, Section 2 provides for a dedaction of all bounty agreed to be paid, beretofore; excludes deserters, soldi cruited from joldiers discharged at thy request, 0 00 request of par or other guardians, oron the d of mino except discharged for promution, or trans. v, or after two years, aud provides that soldiers discbarged on secount of wounds, and the widows and heirs of soldiers doceased in the service, shall have the same bousty as though the full term of eulistment had been served. Section 3 excludes from this or any otber bounty any soldier who has bartered, sold, assigned, transferred, or iu way dinposed of bis discharge, and requires an oath with the aj plication setting forth that vo such disposition has been made of the discharge, and probibits accounting or disbursing officers from entertaining any claim for bounty unless sccoui- panied with the discharke and said oa! Section 4 mukes it the |I||I{ of the Paymaster-Geoeral, under dfrection of the Secretary of War, to examine the acconnt of every soldier who makes application for said bounty, to ascer- tais the amouns due and indorse it upon the discharge, to bo retarued o the claimant with a warrant for the amount due, the warrant to be drawn upon an authorized depositary or disburaing officer, but not to_ be negotiable or payable uotil the affidavits of tvo mpmd- o an d, or witnesses, residents of tle same county or district, tested by the Clerk of & Court, who shall also require the dis- charge to be presented to bim, and aball compare it with the Tant to sce that it agrees therewith. tion 5 excludes entirely all agents and attoroeys from any participation 1o the prosscation, collection, ment of remittance or pay- cluims for said bounty (o soldiers now living, aod pro. ¥ of assignment of any bounty shall ed by any accounting or disbursivg ma must bo presented within twelve passage of the act, or the claiwants will b ed. Section 6 provides that claims of widows and heirs of de- coased soldiers shall be settled by the proper accountin cers of tie Treasury; when presented by agents or atto that the; ointerest in the claim beyond their legal fees, fixed at ten dollars for all sums over one buudred dollars, and ten per ccut gpon all sums under one hundred doliars, said fees to include all ex penses, except ufdarit ‘acknowledgments. It inflicts & penalty of not less than oue thousand nor more than three thousaud dollars, and exclusion from further collection of Gov ernment claims upon auy agent who accepts, directly or judi reetly, more than the above fees in any case. Seotion 7 directs shat the mcoounting officer of the Trensury ahall be governed by the same restrictions in the settlement of widows' and beirs' claims as are prescribed for the Paymas- ter General, ‘The warraut may be transmitted to the agent, but cantot ba negotiated nor paid unless indorsed, witnessed and attested in tho same manser as berelubefore provided. Boction § gives the same bountv and provides for its pay. ment by the proper acconnting officers of the Troasury under Tules and regulations to b prescribed by the Secretary of the Navy to sailors and marines, and to their widows and he Il bounty and_prige-money paid or to be paid, be ded in ke manner, Claims of sailors and marines now living aro to be presented within four yeurs, and those of their widows and heirs in one year from the passage of this act. Beotion 9 provides that the bounty due widows and heirs of deceased soldiers, sailors and marines sball be paid first to the widow. 1f there be no widow, then to the children. 1f there be no widow or children, theu to the next of kin. But no bounty shiall be paid to any persou ot a resident of the United ates. ‘The bill and report were ordered to be printed. SALT LAKE RAILROAD. Mr. WiLLiAMS offered a bill graoting land to aid in the construetion of a railroad from Salt Lake City to the Co- Jumbis River, which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands. A bill to incorpor INSURANCE. rato the National Life and Accident Tusurance Company of Washington, D, C., was taken up us the unfinished business of yesterday, and after & brief discussion was postponed until to-morrow. PUBLIC LANDS AT THE SOUTH. - Mr. Kikgwoop called up a bill in_relation to the public lands in Alabama, Mississippi, Arkan Lonisiana and Florida, which provides that the pul lands in these States shall be disposed of according to the provisions of the Homestead law of May, 1862, aud that no entry shall e wade of more than 80 acres, the price of the pr for which shall be $5, and there shall be no discrimiz account of race or color in the per to whom the land shall be sold. It repeals the pro sion of the old law, which provents any man_who took part in the Rebellion from securiog public land, and substitutes for it & require- ment that the settlor shall swear future allegiance and fidelity to the erninent. Mr. HeNDRICKS moved 5o to amend the bill as to allow the settlor to secure 160 instead of 80 acres, which wus agroed to Mr. KIRgWoon, in response to a question, said thers were 46,000,000 acres of public land in the States named. Tho bill was passed. THR FUNDIXG BILL. At 10'clock Mr. SperyAN called up the bill to consoli- date the yubhc debt aud reduce the rate of iuterest on the same 10 O per cent. The emendwent of the Yinavce Committee, striking out the Provieio Makivg the cost of gousing, priot- and disposing of the loan not to exceed two per cent, inserting in i.zi% Mr. SHERMAN said this bil) came in the ordivary way the of the Treasury, with & view to cent loan. It present seseion V public debt reduced to not five pe the Secretary of the hes somewhat whether he could negotiste a loan bearing that rate. After full consideration, however, the Sec {:mud this bill a8 containing the terms upon whicb, in hi {;d‘ment this loan could be negotiated. It came to the Firance Com- mittee and h] gencral consent was reported to the Seuate, and printed for the purpose of attracting the attention of the ~country snd -calling forth such eriticism a8 might be " made upon it. It was subscquently considered and reported from the Committec. Be- foro cousidenng the subject Mr. Sherman said At would be necessary for him to state briefly the condition of the public debt. By the statement of the Ix{ of May it appeared that the pubfic debt at that time was $3,847,- 1, and from that is properly deducted the amouut of currency and coin on hand in the Treasury. To this must be added quite a large nwmber of items, some of which have been acted upon during the present session of Con- gress, and same of which will be acted upon before the adjournment, the mere statemevt of which will show tho Seuate the probable condition of the debt within the next year. The largest sum now pending in any Lill before s is in the bill from the Committee on Military Affairs for the equalization of bounties, which will take, if passed, from $100,000,000 to $200,000,000. The bill for the Pacific Railrond will require in the course of the next fiscal year something like $59,000,000, provided the various branches fultl their contracts in flni-gin! a certain amouut of road each, For tho settlement with the States for expenses in the military services we have already approprited about 2,000,000, Missonri, Kaneas, Penneylvania and West rginia, aud perhaps other Stafes, have made claime, and there are other elaims to be presented. Indisua, Kentucky and Obio will have small clains each. The probability is that this class of elaims, When ajjusted, will tako at least $20,000,000, The largest claim was that of Missouri, which amounted to nearly $7,000,000. Then there i8 8 question presented by a prominct member of the House of Representatives which 1 hope will not pass. It is a proposition to assume a portion of tbe expenses of the States in raising men, a proposition generally known as Mr. Blaine’s bill, which would take $116,000,000. As I see but little offort to pass this bill, 1 presume its saccess is not likely. ‘Then there is o class of prigpte ciaiws which will take millions. A bill passed the otber day for the re- lief of certain iron-clad coniractors, Then there are claims by the border States for dawsges in various forms, amount- ing to hundreds of millions. But I take it from what bag ulready oceurred that for the most part they will be rejected. Itis therefore very certain that in the most favorable aspect of affairs the public debt might be stated st $3,000,000,000, It will be observed that this debt is of & most diverse character; it consistsnotonly of uuliquidated cloims, but is covercd by 27 diflcrent laws, and 1 thiuk, some 30 or 40 diffezent forms of e- curities, perhaps oven more. The table of the public debt contains o list of these various loans. covering a space of six or seven pages. There are at t thirty different laws under which loans are pow outstanding. Under some of these laws there are a great variety of jesuce, _For instance, there are three diflercnt serics of Seven-Thirty notes, and there are five different series of Five-Twenty notes, with different provisions. He (Sher- mav) merely referred to this to show the nceessity of eon- solidating all these loans aud putting them in some tan- giblo form, It s difficult now for the people to understand myl more than two or three of these loans. Nome but a skillful financier can tell the differenee in value between these loans. There is another necessity growing out of the condition of our public debt, which"js that we must fand it. It is not a question of policy, but of necessity. A large portion of it matures very soon, and it wust erther extended as to time or paid off. 1t can ouly be paid off ).‘)Ltbomwin other money. A table in the report of the Neeretary of the Treasury shows when this debt ma- tures, One hundred and seventy-eight millions of various kinds of indebtedness accrues witbin this year. Dauring the next year, there will be within the power of the Secretary of the Treasury to redeem, $065,607 891, Mr, CLARK inquired if there would be that amount fall- ing due, or whether it would not simply be witkin the option of the s«m.r{ to redeem. Mr. SEERMAX said it would be within the power of the Secretary to redeem that much. A large of this is the first series of 5-20s; & portion of it is the 7.30 notes, $231,060,000 of which would either be redeemable in woney or convertible into 5-20s. It is plain, then, that there is & necessity of providing some way of funding these various classes secarities into one loan of a simple form. Bat there is another argument o ubject, derived also from the table before me. It is that all modern nations who have now a public debt Lave reduced it as & matter of policy to some simple country there is & specitic form, 80 that iu ev: R R i i "o-ibh. In st of interest she &ublkdobthpuflnthnkm a8 800N A8 nigland, both before and after the wars of ‘the same diversity of debt which wo have, and it bas been the policy of her statesmen, from William Pitt down to her present leaders of public opiuion, t0 reduce this into some specific form, and the result has been to reduce tho debt, with the exception of £1,000,000, 10 & three per cent debt. In France the debt hes been consolidated in the same way. In Russia it bas ali been funded into three, four and one-half and five per cent stocks; that every nation in Europe where a public debt bas cxisted, in sume cases for conturies, they have adopted it asa principle to reduce the debt to as simple & form as possible, so that interest in the loan should be chargeable to the Treasury oand a sinking fund should pay off the principal o8 far as policy ‘would allow. The oply ~question, Mr. Sberman said, was whether this was the time to fund the publie debt. He thought it certainly was. He believed a better time would have been the commencement of the session. Con%:'ml had wasted five montbs in his opinion, and it would have been easier to have done it st the commencement of the session than now. It could not bo done at all unless it was done be- fore the return to specie payment. The present rate of in- terest was t0o high, and this high rate of interest was a source of continued evil to the country. It was the ciuse of high rents, becauss it mado the United States compete with owners of houses. Great Britain paid $132,000,000 Of interest on $4,000,000,000 of her cousoliduted debt. The United States pays $159,000,000 of interest on $2.200,- 000,000 interest bearing notes, and o English Consols sell at 86in London, while Ameri- can 5208 are only 66 by last quotatious. In France the rate of interest is sometimes a little more than four per cent. Mr. Sherman then examined the details of the bill, dwelling at length upon that portion exempting the bonds of the proposed loan from taxation. At the conclusion of Mr. Sherman’s speech Mr, CLARK ross and said be desired to speak in upfionilwu to the bill, but was not prepared to do so now, He moved that its further consideration be postponed natil to-morrow. Mr. FESSENDEN said the special order for to-morrow was the reconstruction resolutions, Mr. SHERMAN said he would not antagonize his bill against the reconstruction propositions. Mr, CLARE'S motion prevailed. TREASURY BILL. Mr. CuaxoLER introduced a bill supplementary to the several uets relating to the establishment of the Treasury Deportment, which was referred to the Committee on Coinmerce, It provides, 1st, for the appointment by the President of a Commissioner of Customs who shall have the direction and superintendence of the execution of the laws regulating foreign and coasting trade, fisheries, and the collection of duties on imports and tunnage; who shall Lavo the franking privilege aud & salary equal to that of Comuissioner of Internal Revenue; 2d, for the appoint- ment of & Deputy Commissioner of Customs at the same salary a8 1glt of Deputy Commissioner of the Excise, and two Assistant Deputies, one to have super- vision of cases arising under the laws for the issue of marine papers, the regulation of foreign trade and fisher- ies, &c.; the other to have supervision of the collection of duties, warehousing, drawbacks, &c. . For the ap- pontuent of a Solicitor at the sate salary as that of the Solicitor of Internal Revenue, dth. That the Secretary of the Treasury may transfer such additional clerks or mes- sengers as may be required into the Bureau of Customs. 5th. That the present oflice of Commissioner of Customs upder the act of March 3, 1849, shall bo called Third Controller of the Treasury, and in addition to his present duties as accounting officer, he shall examine and adjust the internal revenue accounts, and shall have transferred to his office the clerks employed in the office of the First Controller of Internal Revénue Accounts. 6th. For the agnniuflon of & Burean of Accounts comprising the offices of tho five Aunditors, the Register and the three Controllers of the Treasury, whose salary shall be $6,000. 7th. Defining the duties of the Chief Controller. Sth. That the Chief Controller may order the imme- dinte settloment of any account when delay may be in- urious to the United States or any party in interest. ith. That he shall direct prosecutions fn‘r ebts due the United States growing out of the adjustment of public ac- counts; shall have custody of bonds for the security of the United States b"gublic officers, and possess the same au- thority as the retary of the Treasury for certifying i accounts sud documents. ~Other sec- preacribe further the duties and powers of the Chief Controller; authorize an np?d to him from the decisious of thy First, Second aud Third Controllers, snd giviog him the hnhu priviloge. WEARING KNIVES ON SHIPBOARD. Mr. CraNpLER, from the Committee on (Commerocs, re- portad a bill to prevent the wearing of shoath-kuives by American seamen. It provides that the sam probibition earing knives on shipboard shall be extended u;‘:::d cabl all the merchant ser. an i o amen in - e sop e of registored under the laws of form every person en- the United States is req: i s gaged a3 seamon of this provision, A to require his com- pliance, under s penalty of $30, the fine to go, one balf to the informer and one Lalf to the fuad for the relief of sick and disabled seamen. ROCK ISLAND MILITARY DEPOT. b Mr. WiLso¥ called up & bill making farther provisions for the establishment of an srmory aud militury depot at Rock Island, IlL, which was X THR PUSTAL LAWS. » The House bil) to amend the Postal Juws wa tuken ul _"ug.!ulnm{. yrn:;ion that the :ou of mm'fl of 1t &l not exc one cenl was agreed 15. o ’ or more thau double rates, | PRICE FOUR CENTS,, that money orders shall be for but_one MMM:‘:‘M ring Jetters es in the public streets at & of $500, or three yenry infllnmv. . RAMSBY offored an amendment, that whenever th Postmaster-General shall employ special agents heo'lm: aid security of such sgentsy was then paseed. At 4 o’clock the Senate went iuto Executive session, on motion of Mr. DOOLITTLE, and soon after adjourued. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. PENSIONS. 4 d:;flsrmfl o{:)m) offered o ‘mm , which waf , Secretary Interior- formation in ;olenm to the oo of scm'elp-m in the Rel paid or claimed, and the amount esttiated 10 be necessary to pay arrears, ete. : CIVIL APPROPRIATION BILL. Mr. McCOLLOUGH (Md.) introduced a bill to amend the Civil Ap})mpflldon bill for the year 1859, s0 a8 to the proviso to the 17th seetion read * that where no collector st the plaze of location of any public therein specified, the Secrotary of the Treasury power to appoint a dishursing agent moneys -i for the eonsttuction of such publ.@ ""fk" with such compensation as he may deem equitebio and jus ‘The bill was read three times and passed. ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE SAVY. The House then procesded to the consideration of the g-;uu ill ;o u::u;;ruv the uh(f:imeanl an M= retary o avy, on whid wain question ki h.on{md mrda’ s iy, Mr. Ross (lfl.; moved to lay the bill on the table. Mr, BRANDAGEE (Coun.) wauted to kuow whether i8 would be in order to_move to amend the bill 80 ae 10 led the Seeretary of the Navy go to Europe. A member added- nd to stay there.” Mr. BRAYDAGEE repeated the words “‘and to stay there.” [Laughter.] The SPEAKER thought that such su amendment would hardly be in order. : The bill was passed by a vote of 69 Yeas to 41 Nuye. . THE FREEDMEN'S BUREAU. Mr. Evtor, from the Select Committee ¢ Freedwen, reported back the bill to continue in force for three yeur, aud to awend the act establishing the Freedmer's Bureau. “While the bill was being read the morning hour exe pired, and the bill went over till to-moriow. REPUNDING MONEY. Mr. Dr16as introduced a bill to punish attoreys and others for withbolding moneys collected for officers. roi- diers and sailors, which wes read twice and referred to \he Committee on Military Affairs. . AN EXECTUTIVE MANSION. Mr. Rice (Maino) asked leave to offier a coneurrent weo- lution constituting the Standing Committees’ of toth Houses on Public Buildings aud Grounds ss & joint eom- mittee to examine the several sites that way be proposed for a new Executive Mansion and residence, and to inquire a8 1o the necessity and e ieucy of such secciLInLUR- tiens for the dent. Mr. FARNSWORTH objected. TAX ON COTTON. The House went into Committee of the Wloie ou the State of the Union, Mr. Dawes in tbe char, aud resinod consideration of the Tax bill, commencing at the graph imposing @ tax of two centsa pound on cc upon 1o tax has been levied. 'l paragraph 1 posing a tax of five per cent on all mavufactures not cuer- wise ;wnded for was, on motion of Mr. SFAULIING, amended bfilddln’ the following: Provided jurther, That brown earthen and eommon 76 ‘m shall be sabject to a tax of two aud a Lall per m} 1‘ alorem, and no more. THE BANERUPT BILL. The House then proceeded to the considerstion of the Baokrupt bill, to which some immaterial swenduents were, on motion of Mr. Jeckes of Rhode lslund, wade, Mr. JescRis said: Mr. Speaker, in closing this debate wish to state and to reply ngnmgeunlmvf»pnim thas have been raised to legislation this subject. The first objection is that no law should be passed which au- thorizes the a debt without payment in full or which cancels the o tions of a contract. All bankrupt laws on this prineiple would be inexped ent aud unjust. My reply is, that in the progress of civiliza- tion it has become rej it to the consciences of en- lightened nations that there should be any longer se;vi- tude for debt. There are m‘rml to every coutract, and there are uncertaintics with regard to the . ance of it by each. All “commercial natians ion of mercantile honor, and the Wr:"" sd dnumm provide a remedy for the honest, unfortu- nate against the persecution of creditor as to ddc.md!hihawm : fraudulent debtor. The secuy !y‘onn the life of tiade, %flhnfin‘ ided by law should h&ltul. ¢ law provides the desired 5 and it rather than weakens the credil rights snd powers, i rewards unfortunate honesty emancipation, after, if this bill becomes a law, imprisonment for debt, that relic of barbarous usages which still liogers in rome of the States, will cease to exist aud can never bo restored. The ene; of the unfortunate debtor will no longer be lost to his family and Lis country. 'Ti , with ilg retrospect of embarrassment misfortune, will ko longer cast its baneful shadow over his mind, his future will no longer be uncheered by hope. Ihe pursuit of hap- piness, the road to honor, a career of industry and enter- rise, with its rewards, will again be opened to him, and e will enter anew, as & redeemed man, w0 the life and prosperity of the State. 4 An- other objection is, it ‘althor the power to puss A system of laws on the subject of baukruptey 19 clearly granted to Cougress by the Coustitution, yet it is inexpedicnt for Congress to exercise it. Such am argument might have weight if this bill were brougbt for- ward as a party measure, or if it were partial sand uneqoal in its operation, and did not tend to produce the lLene- ficial results it aims at, But the most ingenious and sus- picious wind has failed to discover auy partisan character 1u it, and the closest eriticism, in and out of C , has not disclosed any of the other obnoxious qualities, It can- not be pretended that State legislation can afford adequate relief, for it er over the subject is limited, and over rson. s entirely at the States’ bounderies. A% of the adoption of the Federal Constitution, g Rl sland Lad o perfect ban! t law, disc) ing the debt as well us the pler:nn of lh}?&tflt but the .p‘mno Court declared it to be uncoustitutional and null. "New- York-once passed a similar law, which met the same fate before the same tribunal. The power resides solely here; and being sole and exclusive, it impyes & correspondu duty, which is the exercise of that power for the benefit of tho people. The Republic has a right to the free and unfet- tered services of all its citizens, aud every interest of the State demands that they should have the free exercise of their faculties in all the pursuits of life. It is contrary to wise policy to permit one class to hold another in & bond- age where lom from incarceration only makes the euf- fering more intense. With ruined fortunes, blasted boy e, paralyzed energies, how ean those irretrievally iu- solvent contribute to the welfare of the family or the prosperity of the State? Not alone the miseries of these men, but the material interests of the ublic demand the exercise of this beneficent mr. or I8 there any considerable opposition to it that cines who ma) pposed to be benefited by the it atate be of the h’v. ‘The great credit or interests of untry— to their honor be it spoken—have appealed to you to nationalize the relation of debtor and creditor by the pas- sage of this bill. After one unparalleled revulsion in trade, and another caused by unexpected war, and after the vast fuctuations of & five years' state of war, they have discovered that their true interest requires tbat the law should be 8o framed a8 to Mn{h:bofl" msmy. settlements, and give each party quickest and most thorough relief. 1 had the pleasure of sul to this House the most weighty testimony ever on this subject to any legislative body in the world. These Cham- Ders of Commerce and Boards of Trade, and their constit- encies do not fear that any rogue, or willful rebel who threw his property into the scales of rebellion with him- self will escape through the meshes of this bill while creditors are vigilant and courts are honest. They wish to meet their debtors, North and Bouth, under the common protection of national law. The enlightened self-interest has risen to the degree of wise statesmanship, Cannot this Congress be as magnan- imous, as just, a8 wise! 3. Others object to the sys- tem because they #ay it 18 rotroactive, aud avow their w lingness to le to it were it wholly pros) snd ) plicable only to contracts mads after the b 1 shall hsve be- come & law. If this be urged on constitutional grounde, it meets with & answer gr Chief-Justice u& stitution uuder which this bi contains the bition upon the States. gent, if not . Pllftgo:c'low;.l‘h gument against legislatio! coutracts. '5m must be fixed fore which contracts must which they may be annulled. The must goon, with or without such & must be contracted on the mounth after the day L contracted within that month he ma; hzhmm n;nun in the a:;&:n'fil all al h they may run rough lnv::&!,uth vl’\‘hne. of debt may specialty, A to all debtors on this %mclplo, unless ita operation should be postponed until 2 yoars after its Such an enactment would be an absurdity. Asa present mess: Qire of relief, a purely prospective atatute, to take effec from its date, would be worse thau e 5 it man into fractions; it severs his business and hislife; onc- half, or some other fraction, of him, may be pond, tho other frea. 1t broathes tue spirit of tho" terrible ll:‘m-l: statute which gave the living body of the l”" ¢ in pieces by bis creditors—a Lo dividend, It wou! A8 injust 0 the creditor as to the deblor; they be treated alike and stand equal before diseriminate £ 5 't ] s o H