The New York Herald Newspaper, July 7, 1879, Page 3

~- LIBERIAS FUTURE. + The Pate that Awaits a Colooy Established by the People of This Country. BOUGHT WITH AMERICAN MONEY How the British Browbeat the Negroes. THE REPUBLIC MUST BE AIDED. A Chance for Some Ambitious Congressman. UnrrEep Starzs Steamsuir TiconDEROGA, Ove SoLyman, WEstT Coast AFRICA, } April 24, 1879, , After more thanthree months of patient waiting ‘and attendance upon the movements of the commis- sion appointed to settle the long disputed question of the northwest boundary at Liberia this vessel sails to-morrow for Monrovia, on its way south, in pursuance of the original plan, which was entirely of acommercial nature. To-day the commission ad- Journed sine die, having accomplished nothing save to leave the Libefians in still greater doubt of the ebility to maintain their rights to a section of eountry which is undoubtedly theirs by every law of justice. In giving the results of the working of this com- taissioh I-can think of no more satisfactory way than so sum up the whole affair from beginning to end. Some twenty-five years ago the dispute as to terri- torial boundaries first arose, and at that time the French, whose interests on this coast are manifold, flesired to-be represented in any commission that might be appointed. Nothing, however, was done at that time, and it was only of late years that the ‘matter of a commission assumed definite shape. Mr. Boker, of Philadelphia, was first invited to act as the arbitrator, but he declined. Then Commander Brad- ford, commanding the United States ship Marion @n the European station, was appointed to act in that capacity. A delay occurring in the meeting of the commission, Commander Bradford returned in the Marion to the United States, and hence it came about that the position of arbitrator was given to Commodore Shufeldt, who was to touch at Liberia on his cruise around the world. WHAT WAS EXPECTED. The invitation to the United States government was to the effect that they should appoint a commis- sioner, and Commodore Shufeldt’s instructions were to act in conjunction with the English and Li- berian members. When the commission first met @ Bierra Leone the Liberians claimed that the arbitrator should preside at all sittings. This was strongly objected to on the part of the English, in their view. the arbitrator had nothing to do until called in to decide any question that might be submitted to him. Mr. Streeton, one of the English commissioners, remarked that should Commodore Bhufeldt have @ voice in the discussions there ould. be virtually three Liberians against two lishmen, He evidently regretted making such a Statement, ax he attempted to withdraw it, but the Liverians insisted that it should appear upon the minutes, of the proceedings, ‘That question was fiually compromisea by the Liberiaus requesting the Commodore to be present as a visitor ut ull ses- dions, and the English informing him that ho could do so if he chose. The Commodore was present Boe st a or two, aud then withdrew to await their action. At the very beginning the question Brose as to the point at which testimony should be and to agree the commission ad- journed until April 1 without so much a8 consult- ig With the arbitrator. ( FINAL MEETING. Then the Ticondercga sailed south, touching at @jifereat ports of the Liberian cosst, and anchored off Solyman on the Ist of April. In the meantime the Liberian government, dissatisfied with the man- nerin which their commissioners had conducted themselves, appointed new ones in their stead, aud on the send of the English, Commander Allington, of Her Majesty’s ship Boxer, was appointed us super- Bumerary to act in cde of sickuess of oue of the others. The choosing of Solyman as » place of meeting was the work of the English, und it wasa oint they rigidly adhered to, It is here that Mr. Farris has his factory, This Mr. Harris is theone who alee frequent trouble with the Liberian govern- ent, and has ever been one of the chief agitators of the boundary question. It is through his in- fiuence and that of his agents that the English have been enabled to collect such a mass of native testi- mony in their favor, and from no other place could such @n advantage be gained. So Svlyman was chosen, despite all the objections raised by the Liberians. Solyman is only a tew miles below nd the landing is not only difficult, » trom the very heavy surf that is ever beating ou the shore. No ship's boat can live in th surf, and even the boats built expressly tor the pu: pose and manned by expert kroomen oftentimes tome to grief. Every paper, letter or perishable article of that nature dent trom there is wrapped in oilskin to pre- Gallinas River, vent its destruction by any possible accident. There is only one surfboat here, and that is owned by Mr. Harris, All the houses on shore belong to hun or bis dependants, and therefore it is only through ‘his courtesy that any one can vi the shore with any degree of saiety. When the com- mission met here another invitation was extended to Commodore Sbufeldt to be present; but he couid only ao A using Mr. Harris’ boat and accepting tne bospitality of his house. ‘This the Commodore did not care to do. He suggested that the commission meet on board the Boxer, and on this not finding approval he named Cape Mount or the Sugury River, eighteen fuiles below, us suitable places. No change was made, however, and the Commodore has remained on board during the whole time. When we found it necessary to go to Sierra Leone for coal and pro- visions the commission objected to the arbitrator leaving the ground, asserting that they should need his services in a tew days, As the © mmodore waited so lony to suit their convenience it was not asking much from them to wait a day or two should his services be needed before his return, aud we Gailed to Sierra Leone. TAMPERING WITH THE WITNESSES, No such contingency arose. however, and on our return we found still nothing to be submitted to the arbitrator. But this news did greet us. There were svout fourteen handred natives and eighty or ninety chiets on shore, who had come from the interior to testify against Liberia. These natives were St rum of Mr. Harris and eating the ice that had n expressly sent down to them from the government Sierra Leone. A great deal of testimony was taxon and the purchase papers of the Liberians examined, and this rather peculiar state of QSilaire was arrived at. In these Lrberian papers the country claimed was expressed as the | ee country, the Sugury country, and so on. the final int was reached the English said that the Liborians had established no cluim to vhat countrydn the first place, and, ir the second, y had not proved that such couutries existed. je Question was that of a boundary line and they hud tailed to show that there was any boundary line. The Liberians wished to refer the matter to tho arbitrator, but to this objection was raised on the round that they had no case to submit. “Let us it to the judgment of the arbitrator whether or not we have a case,” said Liber but, mo, the English would consent to no such thing, snd all the Liberians could do was te journ the matter sine dis, for it was clearly impossible for them to accomplish anything, to gain one single point in their tavor, fore P journed, however, it was moved that the record of the proceedings should be submitted to Commodore Shufeldt, Strange to say, English objected even to this, saying that as no question had bown submitted to him there was no necessity for his having any copy of the record. It was only by the Liberians refusing to adjourn at all unless such S step was taken that they managed even this, ‘WHAT I8 TO BE DONE. The commissivn, therefore, has adjourned, and the question is still an open one, What will be done now is A question not easily answered. It is hardly probable that the United States will take any action n rian government to protect them, This the Liberiaus may possibly do; but in the face of all this uncertainty of the future of this country the only newspaper of Monrovia comes out with an edi- torial denying that there is any need for Liberia to ary to cultivate friendly “ Page yo eo peril uch = policy is | perry folly, and if pursued will assui ly end in the extinction of this Republic. What is the effect produced by this coma: it buudred of them eating and drink- mee of the English yovernment, the rice crop of the interior and food is weareo, The Colonial government will sup- ly them and for presont keep them from waut. Ria these natives are those who occupy the lands @lsimed by Liberia; but they have been #0 skil- fully od upon by Harris & Co. th it will not now be safe ior Lil il, much less attempt to govern it. ground fs already lost to Liberia, so far as their own power is concorned, ‘The natives are armed and oul- umber three to one, aud there would be a seo ‘on the natives fag ‘ut tho expe e There ign failure the matter uniess explicitly invited by the Libe- | or make an alliance with any Power; | NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 7, 1879.—-WITH SUPPLEMENT. ond Zulu massacre if it became a question of fight- ing. Harris will sell them everything cheap because he pays no duties, ‘They look upon him as their friend, and to-day if he should give the word they would wage open war against Liberia. NOTHING Fain. The whole action of the English part of this com- mission is certainly open to criticism. The stand they took in regard to the arbitrator appears to be unprecedented, but there is little doubt that they acted in accordance with instructions received from the Golonial Office. Hardly had the ‘Ticonderoga sailed before the English Min- ister at Washington sent to his govern- ment a full account of the intended 9) dons of the ship, and also & complete record of Commo- dore Shufeldt'’s service. It was well known that the Commodore was the Vice President of the American Cvlonization Society; that he was interested in and had w great sympathy for Liberia, All these facts were sent trom England here, with what instructions we of course know not; but there has been such an inflexible live of policy pursued by the English, such a bullying of the Libe- rians, that it cannot fora moment be doubted that special instructions were being followed. At the first it was evident that the English considered their own case a weak one, snd they no doubt feared to trust the Commodore's dropertiality, Certain it is that practically there need have been no arbitrator. POLICY OF COLONIAL EXTENSION. Mr. Streetor, the Chief Justice of Sierra Leone, is a genial, fair spoken man; but he is naturally ambi- tious to serve his covutry well, with a view to a title, haps, or any reward that may be given him for Ropes he hus played. So with Consul Hopkins, the only diplomatic representative of England on the coast. I ain sure oe iy Allington would re- joice if he has here gained his promotion. Astor Governor Rowe, of Sierra Leone, he is the most eager of all to annex this disputed territory to the colony over which he rules. He is now at Sherbeo waiting the result of this commission, and it would be a matter of no great surprise if even under the present circumstances he should plant the flag of England on this territory and issue a proclama- tion of annexation. Assuredly had it been decided that the land should be ceded to the natives three months would not pass before it would be sold to their champions. It only remains now to see what will result trom this new state of affairs. AMERICA’S RIGHTS, This very country was bought for Liberia with American money. The Colonization Society seut out $30,000 for the purchase ot this very territory in which the commission has been sitting. The United States has fostered Liberia for fifty years, and, unless material help comes again and speedily trom the same or another quarter, Liberia will be swallowed up and in less than ten years will cease to exist, The Liberians invy talk and theorize asthey will, they cannot help themselves. They have neither money nor ability, not even good judg- ment, and to this fuct they will now soon awaken. In a few days we leave their coast and proceed with our craise, which has already been encroached upon by this long delay. All knowledge of Liberia's status must come to us now from other sources than our own observation, but nothing good can ever come from it under its present management. LITERATURE. “{N TENTS IN THE TRANSVAAL.” Few savage countries have ever attained the notice of civilized nations in modern times equal to that now bestowed upon South Africa, The Zulu war being the only war on the carpet at present attracts worldwide attention, which the killing of Prince Louis Napoleon has served to intensify. Anything, therefore, that gives us a better understanding of Zululand and its inhabitants is bound to hold our interest. ‘In Tents in the Transvaal,” by Mrs. Hutchinson (Richard Bentley & Son, London), gives ‘us a womitn’s idea of that country,and the prospect is hardly pleasing. Mrs. Hutchinson is the wife of an officer who was stationed in the Transveal until just betore the breaking out of the late Zulu war, when he was transferred to a better position at home. A person who voluntarily gives up the lux- uries of civilized life to rough it among the Kaffirs must be made of tough material. at the time this lady was in the Transvaal Cetywayo would not fight without great provocation. The author thought then, in March, 1878, that there were not wanting evidences of a tendency in colonial quarters “to distort and exaggerate any of the Zulu King’s pec- cadilloes, which if not suppressed must eventually neutralize all the efforts at that time being made for peace.’ She sees the great advantages the Zulus would have in war. ‘Lightly clad and hay- ing no baggage to carry, they can move in i bodies twenty or thirty miles in at least half the time that a column of regular troops, encumbered with wagons and spans of oxen would take to get over the distance.” The wagons in Natal are described as cumbersome machines, cal- culated at their greatest rate of speed not to exceed two anda half miles an hour. Of the Zulus she says:—“Although doubtless they can be ferocious enough when excited, as one can seo from their gestures and general demeanor, yet there is ® simplicity about them which makes them seem almost like children after all.” As fcr the farms in the Transvaal so temptingly described in the advertising columns of the Englfsh papers, she says they are barren wastes. The future of the Transvaal, in her opinion, lies in its mineral deposits. Coal and iron lie close to the surface and may be had for the picking, and labor is very cheap, The climate there is wretched. You may melt on one side of the house and freeze on the other, and a drought sometimes lasts fortwo years. Mrs. Hutchinson can hardly be called an elegant writer, but she is pleasant and graphic and paints a picture ot the Transvaal that proves what a devoted wife she was to share a husband's exile to such a terrible country. “THE ZULUS AND TH BRITISH FRONTIER.” In “The Zulus and the British Frontier” (Franklin Square Library) Captain Thomas J. Lucas, of the late Cape Mounted Rifles, gives @ more exhaustive ac, count of the Zulus, their country and their methods of warfare than Mrs. Hutchinson pretends to. Hav- ing had some service in South Africa and being a soldier he offers a number of suggestions. He modestly thinks that a company answering to the late Cape Mounted Rifles would be very efficacious in defending the British frontier: These troops would be distributed over a number of different posts, communication being kept up between them by continual patrols of small parties, carrying the mails and derpatches. The ns at these posts might be supplemented with small parties 0: infantry or militia (dismounted), if neces- sary. In this way, ® constant surveiliance would be exercised over the frontier line, without interfer- ing in any way with the susceptibilities of the Zalus or actually crossing the boundary line. ‘They would convey intelligence of any hos- tile movement among the natives, and would be always available to recapture cattle stolen or carried over the border, which, being mounted, they could easily achieve; their presence would gjve contidence to the settlers living upon outlying farms, and would be an adequate protection. This regiment should not consist of less 800 or 900 men; it would possibly do away with any necessity tor the employment of infantry at all, and would be the most economical in the end. The Zulus have shown them. selves incapable of successtuly attacking intrenched ven of a very slight improvised construction. , therefore, would not be very formidable but mero earthworks, * * * At the ‘would appoint residents or magistrates, le, among the nativ the decline of Cetyway: hie death or deposition. The authority ot these resi- dents or magistrates should be supported by # large body of native police. ‘The friendly n tives woud be no doubt available for this purpose. My beliet is that if security to life and property could be secured to the natives of Zulu Land by this system, which has been already successfully carried out in other rts of Katfir Land, the force of public opinion on 6 part of the natives of Zulu Laud woulu soon in- erpose # barrier to the excess of despotism like that of their presont king, and would be the most efiec: tual method of initiating a mew order of things in that region of South Africa. Zulu, in the native language, he tells us, means heaven. The Zula army at tue lowest figure is esti- mated at forty thousand men, who range trom mere boys to old men, The uniform, if such it can te culled, differs in each regiment. The married nen, tor iustance, shave the centre of the head and wear the ring. This ring is made of sedge, formed into a sort of coronet, Over this the hair is most ingeul- ously plastered by means of a glutinous substance which they get from the leaves of the mimosa tree, aud which i» said to be the production of the larva of some insect. This ring, When well manipulated, has all the appearance of @ band of solid leather, The unmarried men wear the hair in its natural wt The formor are further distinguished by white or parti-colored shields; the lavter by their carrying bleck shields. The laws with ard to marriage are most despotic in that countr; jo one, male or temale, can marry wishout the permission | of the Kin On the average, soldiers do not marry until they are forty years of age. With regard to the defenceless state of the camp at Isanduls, Captain Lucas says it is inexplicable to him that Lord Chelasford’s experience of Kaftir warfare had not taught him the necessity ot parking his wagous or going into “‘laager,”” when forming his camp. That is precaution Which was always taken as a matter of course in former Kaflir wars. “The old Hulting Seventy-third, under Colonel Eyre, would never have made this mistake, [can remember that they never camped out in the bush without securing macives in this manner, The ‘“‘laager’’ w: formed by drawing up the wagons as they arrived the ground, so as to touch each other in a continuo impart, Legg te | « hollow square in t! were then lashed together by thin strong ropes or “trek-tows,”” which were passed over tho front wheels and made fast in the rear, Inside the square were disposed the officers and soldiers’ tents, | in the popular eschatology” disqualifies him from i , for the men were often unprotected | they had ton the ground, covered up in their | and simply slep' field blankets, with the horses and cattle. Outside laagered wagons @ sirong picket was posted. ore retiring, and from time to time during the | uight, these pickets were visited by the officer on duty. In case of alarm the sentries fired, and if necessary retreated through the intervals of the wagons; and the little garrison was on the alert and safe from surprise. It is evident that ha’ the camp | at Isandula been formed in this « @ mere handful of soldiers might have resisted almost any number of less disciplined natives. Captain Lucas has very decided opinions about Zulu campaigning, and what he says appears to be sensible enough. A RELIGIOUS NOVEL, “The Felmeres,”” by Miss S. B. Elliott, daughter of ® promiuent Episcopal bishop, is a novel with a pur- pow. The heroine, Helen Felmere, is the only daugh- ter of a tather who has been deserted by his wife at the instigation of a priest because he was a disbeliever in Christianity. He educates his daughter to be- lieve as he has done, unconsciously makes selfish intellectual demands upon her, and finally dies atter marrying Helen to a cousin with # religious, scheming mother. The sorrows of the heroine, great enough because of her isolation from one of the greatest sympathies which the world has, are increased by the meanness of various relatives and acquaintances professedly religious, and she endures trials, growing worse as they succeed each other, until death comes to her rescue. The object of the book seems to be to prove the truth of the Christian system by the necessity which humanity manifests forconsolations greater than it can itself afford. ‘Though not 9 great book, or one altogether success- fulin tho attempt it makes, “The Felmeres” is in- teresting, but the inevitable sadness of the story will repel any one who reads, a novel only for its plot. “(HISTORY OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT.” The prominence which our War Office has occa- sionally gained since the birth of the nation, and the fact that no special history of it has heretofore been published commends Mr. L. D. Ingersoll’s new work to public notice. As the author has prepered his book at the request of the present Secretary of War it is to be assumed that he has written with accuracy so far as the facts go, and has therefore made an in- teresting work. The volume is an octavo of about six hundred pages, two-thirds of which are devoted to the subject proper and the remainder to bio- graphical sketches of the various secretaries. Mr. Ingersoll writes without pretension, but with a posi- tive ability for expressing his personal opinions about men, measures and events, and his style is faulty, particularly in point of diffuseness, but the facts tor which the reader is solicitous are plainly and consecutively stated, and many of them appear | head that she has undertaken the task, for the first time, we believe, in this volume. Francis B, Mohun, of Washington, is Mr. Ingersoll’s pub- lisher. LITERARY CHIT-CHAT. Paris is still reading ‘‘L’Assommoir.” Elizabeth Stuart Phelps’ last story is “A Narrow Escape.” Henry Greville has written eight novels within three years. The August Scribner will be the midsummer holi- day number, Eugone Schuyler’s “Peter the Great” will appear serially in magazine form. Dr. Schliemann and his Greek wife talk of making their home in Indianapolis. George MacDonald plays Greatheart in his drama- tization of ‘Pilgrim’s Progress.” “The Philosophy of Music,” by Dr. Pole, is pub- lished by Houghton, Osgood & Co. The last number of the Franklin Square Library is Thackeray's “Henry Esmond.” Judge Shea’s “Life of Alexander Hamilton”’ is just published by Houghton, Osgood & Co. Harper & Brothers publish Tennyson’s “The Lover's Tale” in their Half Hour Series. _ The Appletons will not publish Lieutenant Greene’s book on Russia until September. The Ladies’ Journal, just published in Philadel- phia, is edited by Mrs, Mary E, Lambert. Every one who has ever been to South Africa is brushing up his recollections of the Transvaal for publication, “In the Toils” is the title of a “realistic narrative, under the guise of fiction,” announced by Dixon & Shepard, of Chicago. “A Scotchman’s Views of America—Black and White,” by Lord George Campbell, is announced by B. Worthington. . The piéce de résistanceof the August North Amencan Review will be an article on the theory of music by Richard Wagner. Harper & Brothers have issued Motley’s ‘United Netherlands” in handsome library form, uniform with Hume and Macaulay’s histories, . A subscription has been opened for the benefit of Paul H. Hayne, to take the form of an edition of hiscomplete poems, Mr. Hayne has long been an invalid. ‘The Athenaeum has a higher opinion of Alexander Stephens since reading his “Life and Letters,” and finds in him ‘‘aclose resemblance to a New England Puritan.” Mr. William H. Bhees’ complete history of the Smithsonian Institution is, in spite of its subject, at times quite lively reading, for the author has an eye tu anecdote. : Mme. von Rakowitza’s memoirs of herself and Lassalle furnish a great deal of fun for the Vienna comic papers. One of them says, “She has loved much and much must be forgiven her!’ The Atheneum does not care as much for Mr. Mallock’s “Is Life Worth Living?” as for his “New Republic, In the former volume it thinks that his arguments are manifestly inadequate. “In response to a flood of letters” the Toledo Blade Company have kindly consented to publish in book form “Andersonville; a Story of Southern Prisons.” We are assured that the author has no wish to “ex- cite partisan hatred.” “The World's Checker Book,” published by Henry A. Young & Co., of Boston, indicates more than three hundred original games and twenty-four original positions of the well known game, the designers being W. R. and C. F. Barker. ‘The latest addition to Appletom’s “Handy Volume Series” is that charming collection “The Last Essays of Elia,” which thus appears in a form cheap enough | to be owned by every one. A better book for sum- mer reading can hardly be found, P, W. Joyce, LL.D., has written a grammar of the Irish language for the use of schools in Ireland. It is mentioned with regret by the London literary pa- pers that the Irish language is fast dying out. Societies have been organized for its preservation. Praser’s Magazine for July contains an article en- titled “Bibliomanis in 1879: A Chat About Rare Books,” by Shirley. It is not the same Shirley so well known to New York bibliomaniacs. Fraser's is now under the editorship of Principal Tulloch, of St. Andrew's. ‘The revised edition of Marsh's cheap, handy and satisfactory little “American Guide to London” has just reached us. C. L. Marsh, London, is the pub- lisher, The map which is bound with the book should be studied by American publishers of guide books and directories. Mr, John Phin has published, through the Indus- trial Publishing Company, New York, a third edition of his excoilent little book om lightning rods and their construction and erection, Any man of or- dinary intelligence can, after reading this short treatise, protect his house against lightning without any assistance from any vender of patented or “im- proved” rods, “English Composition,” by Professor John Nichol, of Balliol College, Oxford, is the latest of the litera- ture primers edited by J. It. Groen, the historian. It contains nothing which has not already been pub- lished under the same title; but, on the other hand, it is extremely valuable on account of the quantity of unimportant material it omits. “Epiphanies of the Risen Lord,’’ by George Dana Boardman, is written in ® reverent and devotional spirit for the use of those worshippers, without re- gard to sect, who believe in the divinity of Jesus Christ and find eternal as well as temporary signifi- cance in His various appearances in supernatural form, as recorded by the four evangelists, D. Applo- ton & Co, Some time ago it was announced in London that Edward White would write @ memoir of his sister, Mrs. Ranyard, founder of the London Domestic Mis- | | writing the book Lady Kinnaird announces over his Mr. White, therefore, quietly withdraws rather than cause a dis- turbance over a recently closed grave. Biarnois’ “Self-Instructor in French” is arranged on a logical plan, with which ceaseless iteration has & great deal to do. The exercises, sentences and even vocabularies refer word by word to rules and principles enunciated in the grammar by the same | author, or to a series of rules and exceptions printed in the “Self-Instructor” itself. This method will particularly commend itself to teachers of pupils who are slow to remember and apply gram- matical rules, Published by D. & J, Sadlier. The July number of the Sanitarian seems unusually full of papers peculiarly valuable to persons who have learned that good health is essential to the higher developments of physical and mental effort, Among other important articles we notice one on “How Typhoid Fever is Propagated.” Another, that comes closely home to New Yorkers, on that most unsavory topic, ‘The Long I and Stench nd Professor Doremus’ essay on “Epidemics from a Chemical Standpoint,” in which he demonstrates the absorbing and transmit- ting power of building materials, particularly stone | * and plaster, and the fatal facility which the walls of most houses have for retaining the germs of disease only to give them up again when least looked for. ‘There is also a paper on “Our Public Schools; Defec- tive Ventilation and Brain Poisoning,” in which the line of argument is similar to that of the many arti- cles which the Heatp has published on the same important topic. This article is to be commended as stating in plain terms the manner in which schoolroom air is made foul, and the effects of the same upon mind and body. Mr. Allen Thornkike Rice, editor of the oldest American review, has done the reading world a po! tive service by republishing from the North “Ameri- can & dozen essays which, although by noted men, and the best of their kind, have, until date, been se- eurely hidden iu the back numbers, which are treas- ured by many an owner, but never looked into, Among others, we find Prescott’s long and excellent article on “Sir Walter Scott,” Caleb Cushing on “fhe Social Condition of Woman,” Longtfellow’s ‘‘Detence of Poetry,” George William Curtis’ incisive yet appreciative essay on Haw- thorne and his works, and Oliver Wendell Holmes on “The Mechanism of Vital Actions.” Most of these papers were written for the last generation, but the topics are of perennial interest. It would be gratifying to the lovers of true literature and beneficial to the general reading public if this book were to be received so favorably as to justify addi- tional collections from the same source, and to jus- tify the publishers of the <AUanttc, Harper's and other old magazines and reviews in exhuming from their own back numbers many valuable papers which in their present form are practically buried. NEW BOOKS RECEIVED. Hotty’s Boarder. Loring. publisher, Boston. The Game Laws of the State of New York. ‘Printed for ao A As Association for the Protection of Game. ‘une, 1879. Plain Directions for the Construction and Erection of Lightving Rods, By John Phin. The Industrial Publicu- tion Company, New York. The Classical Elocutionist, A collection of gems in pootry and prose, adapted for elucutionary exercises, Com- jed und edited by W.H. McDougall. From Brentano, kseller and publisher, Union square, New York. ays from the North American Review. Edited by Allen, Thorndike Rice, D. Appleton & Co., publishers, ‘ew Yor ‘ Epiphanies of the Risen Lord. By George Dana Board- mun. D. Appleton & Co., publ ASaddle in the Wild orado, New Mexico and Ari D Appleton & Cv... Around the World with Ge Parts 3 and 4 New York. The Quadrature of the Circle, contaluing demonstrations rR. A Glimpee of Travel 5 a. By William H. Rideing. ral Grant. By John Russell American News Compavy of thee of geometers in finding the approximations iy use, with an appendix &e.. By John A. Parker. Jobe Wiley & Son, publishers, Yor! ow f' the United Nethoriands from the Death of @ Silent to the Twelve Yours’ Truce—1609, BY Lothrop Motley. In four volumes, with portraits. Harper & Brothers, publishers, New York. Hurper's Half-Hour Scries:—Hallam’s Constitutional History. By Lord Macaulay. The Lay of the Last Min- A poem in six ca By Sir Walter Scott. Th wars Tale. By Altre myson. Harper & Brothe publishers. Franklin Square Library.—The History ot Henry By William Mukepeace Thackeray. sheers. guide to Providence, Newport, &c,. and all the famous Seaside resorts ot Rlivde Istand, With s map of Narre: aisett Bay. “By Rov. Denison, AM. J. A. YA’ Reid. publishers, Providence, R. I. JOHN MITCHEL. CANON O’HAGAN’S LECTURE ON THE LIFE OF THE DECEASED IRISH PATRIOT. Quite a large audience was present in the Brooklyn Academy of Music last night to listen to a lecture on the life and trials of John Mitchel, by the Rev. Canon O'Hagan. The lecturer introduced his sub- ject by a rapid survey of the history of Ireland up to the struggle for Catholic emancipation. When England granted emancipation, he said there was in Ireland a population variously estimated at between eight and nine million souls, of which the vast bulk were Catholics and voters. This eman- cipation was then simply throwing too much in- fluence into the hands of the Catholic element. So thought the English government. And the English Premier, Sir Robert Peel, by act of Parliament, disfranchised the “forty- shilling freeholders.” Now the owners of large estates had no longer an interest in having their estates cut up into small holdings and peopled with a dense population whocould not return to Parliament their sons and nominees. Hence eviction by the wholesale became the order of the day, and 1,000,000 human beings were cast out on the high- ways. So that the same hand that emancipated the poor Catholics drove them forth from the home of their fathers, and of generations before them, on the mercy of a cold and pitiless world. Such were some of the reasons to account for the spirit of revolt that maddened in the veins of the young Irelanders, and that Davis and Mitchel and Smith O’Brien and the others dwelt on and brooded over. ‘ John Mitchel was born on the 3d of November, 1815, at the little market town of Dungiven, county Derry, His mother belonged to the Haziletts, au old aud highly respectable fainily on the banks of the | Foyh ‘The Mitchel» were of the old Irish family of it name, Such was ever their boast. John Mitch- el's father was the Unitarian minister ot Dungiven, an outspoken volunteer and United Irishman, As a recognition of his ability he was called to the wealthier and more aristocratic congregation of Newry. He was # mun of the samo sturdy, lofty and unbending nature as his disting wish son. John was destined ior the ministry, and so was sent to study at Trinity College, Dublin, Here he turned his atteution to the law, and, atter a brilliant course of studies, took his degrecs with great éclat, Returning to Newry he married the . and accomplished daughter of one of its merchant princes, Mr. Richard Verner, He settied in Banvridge to practice his profession, Some injured Catholics employed him. The caso went against them, He appealed to higher court. Here again there wag no justice for the down-trodden Papists. id 5 HE BECOMES A NATIONALIST. This outrageous case threw Mitchel into the arms of the followers of O'Connell. His lite of “Hugh O'Neil” gave him name and fame, bringing him re- cognition as a leading spirit in the movement. An attcle of his, ae T have suid, in the Nation got A iuto trouble with the government, and on May 27 1848, in the thirty-third year of his aye, John Mitchel was arrested by the government tor seditious lan- guage and writings, A Jury was packed, ax the ernment virtually admit afterwars, and Mitchel was sentenced by Judge Baron Lefroy to fourteen years’ penal servitude, He wus exiled to Bermuda and thence to Van Diemen’s Land. ‘The government officials who came personally in contact with him could not understand that one so refined, so intellectual, would be the heartless dema- goyue that they hud heard him described, He would not descend to ask tor any grace or alleviating tavor from England. His frame was racked with the deadly pangs of the asthma, yet the spirit of the man was lofty and haughty, unswerving from what he thought his line ot duty, He was # martyr to his principies, And his seizure, trial by @ “packed” jury and conviction were, he said, a clear refutation of the doctrine of etul an tation. His spirit was that o! In his idea no man was fit to unless his spirit was that of a martyr to suffer, if need be, praises ot Meagher aud Martin and O’Brien, t they showed the sa spirit, and his scorching sarcasm on G in Duffy, whom he weknamed “Give- in Dufty,” because he memoralized the government during is trial, were clear proot of this. As to the untortu: in Tipperary, he ever deplored it, in that it was un- fortunate and unsuccessi ul, Join Mitchel escaped from Hobartstown and ar- rived safe in America, Here tor o quarter of a century he devoted his talents to the press. Another genera- tion of nationalists Lad sprung upon Ireland, and to it Mitchel gave his sympathy, Iu 1874 he lett tor Ireland to see it once again before tis death, Some time after his return to the States he was called back to represent Tipperary in Parliament. The old spirit of the agitator was stirred to ite depths in him, He returned again to send bis last shaft at English institutions, Tipperary elected him, Mr. Disraeli, the Prime Minister, declared him ineligible aud the election null, He moved for a warrant for a sion, It, however, being thought that his “disbelief | new Parliamentary election in Tipperary. ite rising under Smith O'Brien, | FINE ARTS. THE ART JOURNAL. If it were not for the matter and illustrations added by the American publixhers, D, Appleton & Go., the Art Journal would in general be decidedly behind the age in comparison with other similar publications, and insufferably-commonplace and dull. In the present number, that for July, the American additions are an interesting, valuable and well illustrated first | article of a series by Maurice Mauris on ‘Phe Iron the fifth instalment of Lucy Larcom’s | “Landscape in American Poetry,” exquisitely illustrated by J. Appleton Brown; Lucy H. Hooper's first article on “The Paris Salon in which, by the way, she calls Carolus Duran’s portrait of the Countess V***, which gained for him the grand medal of honor, weak and sketchy, and says that the artist, ou the whole, does not show at his best, and Charles E. Pascoe’s opening paper on the Koyal Academy. The steel engravings, which ali on the present occasion hail from the other side of | the water, are a plate unsatisfactory in parts, but | gvod in textures, by C. W. Sharpe, of C. W. Fisk's picture, with its stumpy ures, which was exhib- ited in 1863, of “The Old Noblesse in the Concier- ;*’ Outrim’s rendition of the late E. M. Ward’: 1794," and Holl’s after G. Richmond’s (R, A.) portrait of mself, There is more of the “Land of with its good illustrations. The “lIllus- Catalogue of the Paris International Exbibi- with its series of advertising cuts, is, we are tion,’ glad to say, finished, and Mr. Pascoe also ‘has some- thing to say of the summer exhibition at the Gros- venor Gallery. STUDIO NOTES. A little girl catching butterflies in a field is the pleasing subject of a picture which A. F, Bellows is at work on, and which promises well, The face isa sweet one and weil treated under the sunshine effect, ‘The artist has just sketchea out the motive of a large picture—a young woman carrying a chiid down to bathe, Some boys are playing with long poles on the edge of water, near large oaks and under a cloudy sky, in Robert C. Minor’s latest canvas. A morning effect onalake, with the sunlight breaking through the clouds and illuminating the hills in the middle dis- tance, is also successfully treated, A sunset is very real in effect and in the cold greens of the river meadows, J. G. Brown has finished for Mr. King, the London banker, a picture called “The Light of Other Days,” and similar in subject to his very successful Acad- emy painting of an old man playing a tune on a violin, while his hat, hanging from his coat, solicits the charity of the passer by. It was catalogued “A Merry Air, with » Sad Heart.” Another recent pic- ture is of a red-headed little bootblack, seated, smok- ing and leaning his arm on his box. Homer Martin is jutiug 4 gorgeous and very decorative sunset on the shores of Lake Champlain. ‘Trees arch over the waters on the left, and the opal- escent sky is mirrored in their calm surtace. A sunset at Nahant, with sail off a rocky headland, is the subject James Lyman, Jr., is engaged on, HOME NEWS. Preston Powers isto do a bust of Reuben Springer, the honored Cincinnatian. William H. Vanderbilt is said to have enriched his collection with an additional $50,000 worth of psint- ings during his recent European trip. Sir Randal Roberts will spend the summer making marine and coast studies along and off the Maine shore. The Quincy statue by Thomas Ball will be un- veiled in Boston on that city’s natal day, Septem- ber 17, Joseph Millmore, the Boston sculptor, leaves for Europe in September to superintend the erection in Hyde Park of his statue of Lori Dufferin. The statue, which is nearly Anisbed from Mr. Millmore’s designs, 18 of bronze and of heroic size. The - tal, twenty feet in height, is to be of Aberdecn granite. ‘The new St. Louis Museum of Art will be built in the Florentine style. There will be four galleries on the lower and tive on the apper floor. Each story will be twenty feet in height. ‘Lhe Art Interchange will issue arubricated midsum- mer number, which will contain a supplementary colored plate of original design. Harper’s Weekly tor the 12th of July has a fine full page drawing by Howard Pyle, called ‘A Love Affair in the Olden Time—Consulting the Wise Woman.” The poses and expressions of the old crone and the lovesick spinster are excellent. The cugraving does much credit to Lagarde. The M of Art for June has an admirable woodcut of Sir Thomas Lawrence’s portrait of Lady Blessington, also one of the ar' portraits of himself, Charles Robert Leslie, R. A., is written about under the head of “American Artists and American Art.” Acut is given of his picture, “The Rivals A. F. Bellows, after sketching for afew weeks along the Massachusctts coast, gous to his Skaneateles Lako studio, hosters Colman is sketching down at East Hamp- ton, L. R. M. Shurtleff is at Hartford, Conn. William a fey sailed on Saturday for England. Robert C. or has now decided to go abroad in a few weeks. ° George W. Maynard is at Marblehead, Oliver J. Lay is at Stratford, Conn. M. F. H. de Haas is at Southampton, L. I., whence he studies. to York Harbor, Me., tor his summer T. W. Wood has left for Montpelier, Vt. W. Whittredge is at Summit, N. J. FOREIGN NOTES AND NEWS. Sandro Botticelli’s “The Story of Nastagio Deyti Onesti” brought £441 at a recent London sale, anda “Leda with the Swan,” by Leonardo da Vinci, £44. At the same sale £136 were given for twelve old Sevres plates, and £378 for a Louis XVI. cabinet. A collection of sixty-seven pictures by artists of the Austrian school is on exhibition at the new Con- tinental Art Galleries in London. Munkacsy’s “Mil- ton” is there, together with six others of his works. Pettenkoffen, Vou Thoren, Defreyger and Vacalar Brozik are also represented, Mrs. Thompson Butler is painting ‘The Chargo of the Scott’s Greys at Waterloo.” The cavalry come head on, and through a break in their ranks they are seen to be followed by the Highlanders. One young cavalry man, badly wounded, has begged not to be left in the rear, and is supported round the body by one of his fellows, while another holds his reins; a man falls to the left and his neighbor shakes his fist at the foe. Mrs. Butler also contemplates scenes from the Afghan and Zula wars, A very fine example of Perugino has been acquired | in Italy tor the British National Gallery. It has been for years in the private gallery of the Della Penna tamily at, Perugia. The Virgin stands on a kind of stool holding e sacred child, while St. Girolamo | is on one side and St. Francis on the other. Two | angels hold a crown suspended over the Virgin's | head, and in tne background is a faint landsca; | lake aud low hills. The painting is on panel, about | six feet square and in excellent condition. The owner has in his possession @ fac-simile of a docu- | ment lying in the archives at Perugia, showing that it was ordered of “Ser Pietro” in 1503-7 at the | price of forty-seven florins, forty bologuini. The | price paid by the National Gallery was 80,u00f. | The London Academy aunounces that James Jack- son Jarves has acquired lately # collection of upward | ot #ix hundred drawings with the view of securing | them for this country. ‘Che collection was mainly made in the last century by Count Maggiori, of Fermo, an art critic and member of the Academy of Bologna. It is considered by good judges to be one of the best in Italy, and contains many examples of the Spanish, German and Flemish, as well as of the Italian schools, its strength lying chiefly in fitteenth | and sixteenth century work. The A:ademy sensibly | “No such collection has ever been obtained says: | by the United States, and this one, both in number | | and importance, will place them in a high position among the possessors of such important works of art. * * * In the movements aow in progress in America for the formation of museums of works of art of different descriptions, of casts and copies, no more important step could be taken than the acquisition of original draw:ngs and designs by a considerabie number of the most tamous artisis of the past. The drawings are #0 good, and their | preservation is so perfect—in this respect, indeed, they are of rare quality—that their possession must prove of inestimable benefit to the fast rising Amer- ican school of artists,”’ A new monthly magazine, called The Etcher, and devoted entirely to works executed by the etching needie, was to appear in London on the Ist inst. Nearly fifty artists have promised contributions. Prince Deopold has bought Sarah Bernhardt’s largest oil painting, “A Spanish Beauty Selling Paim Branches. Wallace Mackay’s “The Piccadilly Peep Show; or, Round the ‘K. A.’ in Twenty Minutes,"’ is « satire more clever by pen than by pencil on the present ex- hibition of the Royal Academy. So far 9,000r, worth ures have been bought by the Muihouse Société des Awis des Arts trom the walls of its prosent and brilliant exhibition. M. Steinbach has presented to the Museum Bon- guercau “Flore ot Zéphire,” which was at the Uni- versal Exposition, aud is valued at 20,000f, M. La- lance, Berne Bellecour's “Chasseur & vied Enfac- tion” and M. Jules Dollfus Michel's “Hétres de ; Retournemer.’’ Among the purchased pictures are ' examples of Appian, Brown, Koeehlin, Henver (La Ma (wine), Pabst, Robinet, Veyraasat, Laurens, Lo- mute, Lalanne, Steinheil, Benner, Feyen Perrin, ‘Youy-Kobert Fleury, Lobrietor, Passiui, Lansyer, Kreyder, Hebert, bernier, Jacque and Lambert. The Freuch budget of Fine Arts for the present year amounts to 8,094,500, The city of Paris has bought from the Salon, so | tn Aubé's “Modéle de In Statue de Daute,” Fer. | rary’s ‘Le Belluaire,” Gaudey’s “Le Moissoueur’’ aud Gautherin’s “Buste de le République.” The statues will be cast im bronze and the bust executed ee “Pont Neut* | in marbie. Of the pictures, Herp! | and Luigi Lotr's “L’Inondation dans un Coin do | Bercy” have been secured, | The work on the decoration to surround the great clock of the Pari Ville has been awarded as follows, and at the following sums:—Charles Gauthier, two winged figures decorating the peili ment, 14,000t.; M. Gautherin, the statue “La Ville de Paris,” 6,000f.; M. Miolle, the composition which frames the clock, 24,000!., and M. Aimé Mullet, the recumbent figures “La Seine’ aud “Ua Marne,” 16,000f, Clésinger, the well known sculptor, has now in Paris au exhibition of lis works. Among the moat prominent pieces are “Phryne Nue,” ‘Un Taurean,” “L'Enlevement de Dejanire” aud “La Deélivrance a’Audromede.”” Two works by M. Vidal, the blind sculptor, attract much attention at the Salon. They are a “Gagelle,”” which las been purchasea by Mme. la Baronne de Rothschild, aud *Pauthere de Java,” which theeritie Camille Guymon says is worthy of Bayre, ‘The following prices, in tranes, were obtained at @ recent sale at the Hétel Drouot of lection of old | Marters:—A ‘Madeleinue,” by Murillo, given by | Ferdinand VII. to the Queen Dowager Christina, 25,000—this would have brought a higher figure if it had not been damaged in spots by c: remarkable snd “Vierge i 1’Enfant 7,000; Jan Steen’s | his most important work meurs,”’ of but little importance, 2, | “Village Pres de Harlem,” 4,000; “La Vierge, l'Enfant et Sainte Catherine,” 5,700, and & superb portrait of a woman, catalogued to Leo nardo da Vinci, but thought by some to bea Kar | phael, 12,200, TEMPTING PROVIDENCE, INSECURITY OF EXCURSION BOATS ON THB HARLEM RIVER—OVERCROWDING AND CARE* LESS MANAGEMENT. Unusually large crowds of visitors were attracted yesterday tothe Harlem River and High Bridge by the cool inviting breezes. From an early hour in the day they poured upon the H.rlem Bridge from all directions, and continued flowing to that point until latein theafternoon. Large numbers on arriving there hurried down the steps on both ends of the bridge and quickly disappeared up the river. The bridge itself was so crowded by people the whole day long that it became a slow and painful task to cross it, Up at High Bridge a simi- lar state of sight seeing and pleasure seeking waa going forward, and the bridge and hilis and floats and shady nooks looked more like the Bowery on Saturday night than a suburban retreat. The river was covered with boats of all kinds and sizes, car- rying ® most miscellaneous collection of crews and passengers. Although the weather was pleasantly cool and invigorating, no ripple disturbed the surface of the water, and the ladies were especially favored by the circumstance and took edvantage of it, A great many of them sat in the stern sheets of the boats, being swept through the stream by pairs of friendly brawny arms, and not a few laid gentle hands upon the oars and sought exercise as well as recreation. At adistance the river appeared impassable, and the steamers plying between the bridges found it a difficult task to keep out of the way of the small craft. They were obliged todo alithe watching and steering and shouting, tor many of the people in the rowboats were on the water for the first time, and just as one seemed to be pursuing @ course entirely away from the coming steamer the bow oar would suddenly put in a couple of vigorous strokes, and bring the boat immediately under the steamer’s bow. By some lucky chance the steamer would get by, leaving the boats in every kind of position dancing in the wash. LOCOMOTION BETWEEN THE BRIDGES, To get over the distance trom one bridge to tha other there are various ways—some go in rows boats, some in sailboats, some in cabs and carriages, others on foot, and great many by steamer. The steamers ply to and from High Bridge and Harlem Bridge, making several landings on the way, from both sides of Harlem Bridge. The fare is ten cents, and they start when they are full, rarely otherwise, Of these vessels there are two, the Tiger Lily and tha Lafayette, capable of accommodating three hundred people each, The Tiger Lily is a sidewheel boat and the Lafayette a propellor. Four steam launches do the remainder of the service. These launches are boats measuring from forty to fifty feet, and con- structed to hola from thirty to seventy-five persons safely. ‘They are named the Edwin A. Hayes, G. C. Deane, Little Willie and Little Charlie. Speed is the all important element in the construction and management of these craft, and the desire to be the first makes them at times dangerous modes of conveyance. They have uo stated hours for starting—they simply go when they are as loaded as they can get,and then they go with all the power they can force. The Little Charlie made a trip about three o'clock yesterday with ninety-seven people crammed into her cockpit, which would seat about thirty; and returning down the river stuck in the mud just be side the first landing from High Bridge. One hundred and forty people—men, women and boys—arrived in the Hayes at Harlem Bridge « little after five o'clock, The Hay larger than the Charlie, and might hold fi sixty passengers without much comfort, but several ot her loads yesterday were extremely risky ones to take. Another little launch called the Willie, some- what of the dimensions of the Chariie, but broader, went into the dock under the Harlem’ Bridge on the Morrisania side of the river literally black with people. She was abso- lutely laden to the water's edge; and when it is taken into consideration that this was late in the day, atter six o'clock, and many of the men on board had been out all the forenoon, and were impossible of management in so scant space, the danger of the overloading practice suggests itself with disagreeable prominencs THE MANAGEMENT OF THE LAUNCHES. Two of these vessels have narrow decks, each less than a foot wide—stretching around their sides—but the other two lack any such footholds. The Deane has a roofed-in cabin, is open fore and aft, and is the largest launch except the Lafayette. Her last three trips down yesterday were made with ex- travagantly crowded loads, Men and boys hung on all over her from stem to stern. They sat on camp stools, on the roof of the cabin and around its edges andon the gunwale, with their feet hanging over the sides, sad were so thick one wondered how they retained a hold and kept on the launch. The slight est collision would have thrown a hundred of them into the river. A sudden jerk or stoppage oF swerve would have had the saine result sud proved equally fatal, An engineer, pilot and runner are the employés of each launch.’ The pilot has alla man can do to steer the boat; the engine demands the entire attention of the man hired for that service, and the runner is engaged to work on the landings, torcing people on board. In his eye and that of the owner. who either stands on the dock or works the boat, she is never too laden, and the runner must keep pushing them on as long a8 one cau obtain foothold, The runner, it is said, got drunk early | yesterday—probably fortunately for some people. It | was after sunset when she made her final landing, and then she smashed her flagstaff and got beside @ dock so high that a panic was almost created on board by the struggle to get ashore. With no one to look after the passengers or keep them under con- trol or assure them of safety, they became excited and some climbed up the side of the pier, while others rushed to and fro, and mischievous young men blew the whistle, adding to the frenzy and cone tusion. On one side was the high wall of the dock; on the other the high side of the Sylvan Stream, and wedged in between the two the little launch, with the two men belonging to her nervously endeavor- ing to make her fast. An accident at that moment would have cost many lives. To the amazement of many looking on the passengers got off with dry clothes. When the landing was fairly made it was over the stern, and ail who had not ventured their necks up the wharf had to pasa down that wa; Three of the engineers said no restrictions were put upon them in the number of people they carried or the quantity of steam used, und really it looked as if no restraining power what ever was in operation over the management of these boats, DANGEROUS CROSSINGS. The Lafayette went twice up to High Bridge with over five hundred passengers, and oue of her officers said she bad frequently transported over seven hun- dred, Her gangplank Was so slight, and at the land. ings had to bridge so wide a space, that it was feared each moment it would give way and sink a score of people. Even the deck hands saw this, and two of them at different places called out to the crowds to keep back and go slowly, as the gange plank would not hold them. The plink was composed of three thin boards, with little cross pieces for footholds and no railing. Women with infants in their arms and others hoid- ing on to their skirts ommrge over this and as they crossed it yielded and t in # manner t them of ati courage. On the Tiger Lily there spac vuse of her width, snd probably le ger because of the wheellouses, but she is by no ns free from the defects of the others, and is as much in need of the w ful eye of the authorities as any of the smaller . The young man who took the fares in the Charlie said the boiler was big enough for a boat double her size, but they could go fast, aud so they did—on the u A gentleman c Hayes said:—“These ara ticklish craft. The vibration of this screw is simply terrible, and must, in a very short time, split the beams ‘apart or open the seams. A collis to one of these things would be 1. Kothing could be done for the women, Chey would be held fast in the hold and nothing on earth could get them free irom the boat under water. It's @ wonder they dou’t break across. Every stroke of that fan fails upon her with a thud a steel plated man-of-war couldn't stand it, I'm an old sailor, but Vd walk ton miles rather than use these tube continnally, 1 know what steam is and how it otight to be handled, Why, they tell me the men here in charge of the engines simply hold certificates for machines and factory boi and here are the lives of thousands ip their hands daily, It's two much risk, even in the smoothest water. I'D | go another way in future.” The pilots get Heenses from the Custom House | and the engine men from the Luspectors of the Samic | tary Bureau,