The New York Herald Newspaper, July 4, 1879, Page 2

2 AROUND THE WORLD, General Grant’s Journey | Through Asia. LIFE IN CANTON. Temples, Monuments and History. *. MEMORIES OF THE TARTARS. Sea a At Sea, May 12, 1879, NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JULY 4, 1879.—WITH SUPPLEMENT. tt — tale im a horse, becati#e it enno- jes WOmalhood, becuuse it adds to her value a8 a part of husband's possessions. We stopped and looked at some workmen blowing glass. A glass vase ina rough state about six feet high was in the hands of the artificer, and although the pat of an infant would have ruiued its beauty the workman handied it as surely as though it bad been iron. The manufacture of glass is am important industry in Canton, But we found oun’ -gnewtest ure in ooking at, the | porcelain und ceramic ware, infinite in variety and | Deantiful,et the cary ory and hard wood, Can- ton excels in this and crépe and silk. Some of | the shawls and scarfs were masterpieces of texture, and especially some which had been painted and em- broidered, We looked at men beating gold leaf, und threading our way into narrow streets and out-of- | the-way places found ourselves among the weavers of si ‘The rooms in which the silk looms were iu | operation were small and dark, We notieed cotton | weavers who were at work in the open air, The | looms were primitive aud scemed to have been | Duilt for affording employment to the largest number of laborers. ‘hat Chinese labor will not | stand is cheap Ameri labor saving machinery and although attempts have been made to introduce it which Would enable the workman to treble the quantity of his work und the farmer to hull and clean ten times the quantity of rice, the feeling is #0 strong among laburers ax to forbid it. Laborers here, no matter in what calling, belong to guilds or | trade unions, aud any attempt to enforce & new | machine or @ labor saving nicthod of labor ix re- | i commend 5; Dies aud san We had many pleasant hours in Canton, notably | sisted. AN the cipital in the world could uot induce | ‘he hours taken from entertainments and given to The weather was warm, and this in a lengely built city, where the air eaunot come and the people have familiarity with the grosser forms of nature that the European cannot acquire, was an ‘There were many sights to be seen, and the Doctor and I, Jeaving Mr. Borie and Mrs, Grant among the dealers in silk and ivory, started | out with list and an interpreter to see them, But the interpreter had woodeu ideas of duty, and, not khowing English, was disposed to march us off to shops where cats and dogs were sold, to the execu- sion.ground where Yeh, the old Viceroy who fought | the English, cut off 70,000 heads of the diaturbers of | work by the peace, to the Temple of Horrors and other that there ike shops. imeonveuience. rugful shows. We found, however, was nothing so interesting in Canton as Can- ton itself; that all was so new that it was better to wander at will and pick our way back again tothe European quarter. We had taken chairs, but the chairs were a burden, and the coolies dragged them after us until the rain came, and we | were gindto-take refuge in them. I can see how 4 | stroll through Canton would grow in interest if only you were allowed to stroll. But somehow the com- ing of General Grant bas upset the town, and our appearance in the streets was a signal for the people toceme out of their shops and the boys to form in precession and escort us. I haye some idea of the sensation of Crazy Horse or Red Cloud going down the Bowery with a train ot ragamuffins from the Seventh ward. The moment we appeared in a street acrowd swarmed, and if we went into store the doors were at once b!ocked with a dense mob, staring ahd chattering and commenting on us with a free- dom which it was well we could not understand, But you go'around the stores and into the workhops in a free and easy manner and pull things about, and if you are not pleased you have only to say “‘chin- chin” and leave, I saw nothing in our journey but courtesy—only curiosity, as far as we could make it— and yet we lost ourselves in the town and went where we pleased. ‘TEMPLES AND MONUMENTS. One notable sight was the Hall of the Five Hundfed Disciples of Buddha. The street boys, divining our intention, some knocking the gate was opened and we entered under % covered way into a penstyle, attendants and priests personally giving us weltome. We passed through granite cloisters and into the hall where there are 504 statues of clay, gilded, to the memory of certain disciples of the Lord Buddha, famous in the religious history of China, There sre imayes of Buddhas, or rather of threes Buddnas; one of the Emperor Kienlung, a highly beloved monarch, whose image sits on the dragon throne. The other statues are of Buddhist disciples, whose names are given, each statue being as distinct from the others as the Apostie Peter from the Apostle Paul in Catholic religious decoration. Each of the Sigures has a special place in the affections of wor- shippers. . Before some of them we noticed people in adoration or meditation or prayer. Before others we noticed gifts placed in propitiation or entreaty, after the fashion of Buddhist devotion. There was nothing striking in these statues except their indi- viduality. Each was type, a portrait, the repre- grain having six ears, and presented them to | sentation of some human type that had been in the aftist’s eye, I could understand how there could be a whole literature of theology based on images so di¥ersified and peculiar, if one could only enter into the legends of the Chinese faith. Some of the statues were nierty and laughing; others were in tears. Some “showed by their apparel wealth and high station; others were in rags like = miendicant “friars. Some wore shoes, but the majority were shoeless. They were said, a8 Aisciples of Buddha, to have bad various snpernat. aral gifts—the power of subduing beasts, destroy- ing reptiles and, like the apostles in the Scriptures, the power of being able to speak in strange tongues without any previous application. In this they re- sembled St. Francis Xavier, whose footsteps we crossed.in India and Malacca, and who was blessed with this unique and convenient power. The wor- ship of these Five Hundred Disciples is encouraged, says Archdeacon Gray, because it is in their power not only to bestow long life on all who do worship them, but to dispel all vexation and bring to the de- votee peace and joy. CANTON STREETS. ‘The streets in Canton are very narrow and very dirty. The average width is trom three to five feet. On the oevasion of our visit they bad been cleaned up, but they were, even with the clesning, in a cou- ditfon that would gratify a New York Tammany Alderinin in the days of the empire of Tweed. They ate paved with long, narrow slabs of stone, with no | sidewalks, Every house that we passed on our way ‘was a bazaar, and consisted of one open door, that led into a spacious. room. In some of these there were spital stairways that Jed to storerooms or dwelling chambers. Wé found some idea of the wealth of Canton, and of the wants of the country which it supplies, when we remembeted how vast a trade these bazaars represented. In looking over # plan of the city I had been struck with the names of the etfeets, the poetical aud devotional spirit they expressed, here was no glorification of mere human kings, and you couid almost fancy that you were reading of some allegorical city, like what Bunyau saw in wis dream. Thére was Peace street and the strect of Benevolence and Love. Another, by some violent wrench of the imagination, was the street ot Refreshing Breezes, Some contented mind had given a name to the street of Karly Bestowed Blessings. The paterns! senti- ment, 80 sacred to the Chinaman, found expression in the street of One Hundred Grandsons and the wireet of One Thousand Grandsons. There was the street of a Thousand Leatitudes, which, let us pray, ‘were enjoyed by ite founder. There ‘were streets consecrated to Everlasting Love, to a Thousandtold Peace, to Ni old Brightness, to Accumuinted Ble sings, while a practical soul, who kuew the value of advertising, named his avenue the Market of Golden Protits. Chinese mythology yave the names of the Ascending Dragons, the Saltiting Dragon and the Reposing Dragon. Other streets are named after trades aud avocations, and it is noticable that in Canton, as in mo ern towns, the workers in vari oud-callings cluster together. There is Beteluut street, where you can buy the betelnut, of which we saw so much in Siam, and the cocoanut, and drink tea, There is where the Chinese hats are sold and where you can buy the aney of 4 mandarin fora dollar or two. There is by! you choose to buy aconipass there is no harm in romem bering that we owe the invention of that sub- tle instrument to China, Another street is given to the tmanufacture of bows aud arrows, another to Prussion bine, a third to the preparation of turs, ‘The stores bave sigus in Chinese characters, gold let- ters‘on @ red or black ground, which are hung in tront, @ foot or two from the wall, and droop betore you a# you pass under them, producing a peculiar effect; as of ait excess of ornamentation, like Paris The habit to which you are accus- tomed in Paris of giving the store a fanciful or po- One merchant calls his house “Honest Gains.” Another, more ambitious, al on @féte day. etic name prevails in Canton. names his Lose ‘Great Gaius.” proglaims hiv store to be a while his ueighbor’s is “Ten cesstul” There is the sto: One satisfied Never Ending Suc: usand Limes Su Hed “E: by ™ noms” and “By Heaven Made Prosperous.” pair of spectacles. STREET sfou'TS, ran ahead, and after | egiess street, where the comp se is sold, and if Endur- jug," nd others adopt a spirit not common in trade wking Oo: their shops a “Heavenly Happi- Others amore practicas siguity by some image the nature of their trade, and over their stores you see represen- tations of & shoe, aiau, ® hat, @ boot, scollar and # | The cook was ki the silk weavers to introduce the Jacquard loom. What would then become of the nimble tingered led whose business it 18 to pull the strings and arrange | the warp before the weaver propels the shuttle? | | Even more interesting was the time we gave to | artists in lacquer work. Lacquer work is so uti+ ful when finished aud in peace and glory at nat "oa my lady's toilet table that it is | | not well to inquire too curiously into the | ip ‘8 of its manufacture. Our artist friend sat proc the finshed work with his needle and brash | and his chalk powder, The powder enables him to | shadow forth the design, which he paints in vermil- | jon. Over this vermilion dust is rubbed very much | ax gold and silyer and bronge printing is done at | home, and the picture comes out at length in silver | or gold, Lacquer work requires a trained hand, and | as you saw the patience and skill bestowed upon his | the artist aud knew what a triflo it would | bring when sold, it was nie mre But the first thing you learn in China—and the lesson is always present and always coming before you in & new shape—is the cheapness of human labor and the | protusion of human life. BOAT LIFE, | This question—this sclemn and expanding ques- tion which wise men must stand up and meet some day—comes upon you in the boat life, You must know thatin China the selling of children—of fe- mule children—is permitted, Ihave heard and read a good deal about the delibérate putting to death of | new-born daughters as a matter of domestic henge | I have not gone largely into evidence on that sul | ject, believing that human nature may be trusted for | something éven in China. Butin Canton the expos- ing of female children on the street, selling them into slavery, or for a purpose worse than slavery, that they may be raised and educated for prostitution, is @ conceded evil, arising | out of this over population. Archdeacon Gray prints | aprcclamation against infanticide, from the tresa- | urer of Heapeh, which reads like a temperance lec- ture, an exhortation to people vot to indulge in a | practice which is dishonoring. Heaven's retribution | und the wraiths of the murdered children will at- tend on the parents, and “thus not only fail to | | hasten the birth of a male child, but run a risk of | making victims of thethselyes by their behavior.” In other words, if parents do not stop killing their | daughters ghosts will come aud avenge the slain. | | The boat life has a pleasant feature to visitors, as it | is pleasant when you come and go to your ship, as I | do every day to the Ashuelot, to see a floating world around you, to see the flower boats, to hear | the sound of music and singing far into the | might. These boats swarm along the river banki | They .are called sampans and are a | boat, varying in size from ten to twenty feet. ‘The centre of the boat is arched over, and this forms kitehen, dining room and sleeping room. | ply up and down the river, doiog what odds and | | ends of work may fallto them, They cluster about our boat like bees around a flower garden, If you | go to the gangway and make # signal a dozen will come hurrying ud. scuffing. and you can go on | shore for ten cents. Once that you sclect boat the | proprietor stteads you while you are in port, waits | tor you at the lunding, at the vessel's side, some of the boats, called flower boats, are fitted up for tertainment, aud Chiuamen in search of recreation ‘o on board and hear the music and take supper aud ‘float up and down the river. The boats ure in all cases—in all that I observed—managed by women and chiidren. The men go on shore and work as laborers and return to their homes at night. Their life is on their boats, and thousands—taking the whole Chinese coast I might easily hundreds of thousands—of families spend their lives on these frail shells and know no world beyond the move- ments of the tides and the dipping ot the oars. AN ANCIENT ITY. Caxton, next to Pekin, the most celebrated of Chi- nese cities, the one at least best known to foreignu- ers, goes back to the fourth century before Christ, | | and is amotg the most ancient cities ot the worid, It was supposed to have been a muddy #1 rounded with bamboo detences. It was culled the city of rams, and Archdescon Gray, whose book on Canton is valuable, tairy legend 4s the origin of this appellation. “Five genii, clothed with ger- meuts of five different colors, met at the capital. Each of the rams bore in his mouth a stalk of the people of the district, to whom the genii thus spake:—‘May famine never visit your mat- kets.’ Having uttered these words, the genii disappeared, and the rams were turned into stone.” So from that day Canton has been known as the city of the five rams or the five gerifi, and the five stone rams may still be seen by those who care to verify the legend. The good wish of the genti has not ai- ways been respected, for Canton has known fainine and pestilence and war, and has had at times an ex- | ceptional run of ill luck. The story of one war. goes ik to the second century before Christ, when the people, being in rebellion, defeated the im- perial forces aud biood ran tor miles. In the sixth century after the coming of our Lord there was a martial emperor whom the peoble sought to pitiate by sending 4 piece of fine cloth. days, as in the present, there were nimble fugers in | Cauton wifo knew how to make cloth as light ond free af down. But the Emperor thought the fine cloth sn évidence of effeminacy and weakness, and he forbade the manufacture of it. In the early there was a great trade between India ahd China, Canton being the gateway through | which moat of the commerce passed. 1 presume” | that it was through Canton that the Buddhist mis- sioneries passed when they came from the holy city ot Bensres to spread the subtle faith of the Lord Buddha. More than 4 thoussnd years ago the mer- chants of Canton had venturewon land and sea. But — | wild and savagt princes came to the throne, aud we read of-ware and devastation aud cruelty, which it ts not useful fo repeat. We are remit too vividly of our modern civilization, But a king came some nine centuries since Whose reign was marked with good owens, “all the stars flowing to the north.” and with this prince came peace and tranquility. Under him and his successors witebes ana wizards were suppressed, expensive ornaments were forbidden, it was not allowed to sacrifice men pgm ar] demons, and wars for the annexation territory, aysiust Cochim China especially, were stopped. In the six- teenth century Portugal put her foot of Chinese territory, It was during that bright and evanescent period of Portuguese glory, when it seemed ae genius of Albuquerque and the faith ot Xavier would establish Portugal as master of Asia. In Uhese.days the Ming dynasty reigned, and the patriotic China- man will tell you, with @ sigh, that the Ming days were the golden days of the Empire. Among the first ports opened to Kuropean trade as result of the pressure of the Portuguese was Canton. THE TARTAR DOMINATION. The Tartars came in the seventeenth century, and about the time that the Stuarts were fighting for their throne tu England the Miugs were fighting for their throne in China. There were wars and rebellions consequent upon this Tartar irruption, from which . Canton suffered and about which it is sad enough to read. pied is it, that in @ world of sea and sunshine and flowing rivers, where nature teems with cen ny all things Seemed for men, that he may enjoy them and appy, you cannot open any ¢hronicle—Indian, ‘Kuypesn, Chinese, Knglsh—without reading of crimes, of war, of crucity and desolation? ‘There is no sudder page than that which tells how, when Cromwell was sweeping through England, the Tartar came to Canton and took the city and put » hun- dred thousand to the sword, “1 the Jesuit tather Marth: time, “was there heard any speech but ‘Kill, kill, Kill these burbarous rebeis.’*’ Lalmost fancied I was reading an account of how the English took Delhi ater the mutiny in 1857, Itia said that the total number ot those killed in the Tartar wars was 700,000—"that every house was lett desola The story of the detence of Canton redounds to the credit of the Chinese character, for although de- feated it showed the existence of # loyal aud patriotic spirit. The Tartars came and remuin, and among the gréut persons who are to welcome Gen- eral Grant is the Tartar General, of the the men Who'took Canton, and in d stroyed 700,000 lives, After the himself into the stirrups in Canton, dispute his sway, matters began t selves, commerce revived and nels, For the Chinaman ts a docile, fragal creature, anxious to work and make money, and since he could uot throw that Tartar from his shoulders he made up his mind to carry him as patiently as possible. From that time Canton bas bad compara- Live pe In 1442 the British took the city, with the loss of only fourteen killed, and exacted @ ran- fom ot $6,000,000, Iu 1857 it was again taken by the allied torces ot France and England, and occupied for nearly four years. Not much harm seems to have been done, although I read one story of the right them- lowed into old chan- occupation which iliustrates the methods em- poyed by our superior civilization to edu. cate and govern the heathen. During the occupation the cook of # | French of-war, the Cotinat, came to the city to purchase f fish and vegetables jor the ship. He ® guard of to sailors armed with cutlasses, the elty being in an Uneasy condition on account of the war. While in A provision shop they were attacked by a mob. fled, the men with the’ cutlnave: | escaping to the whip. ‘The Freuch Commissioner at once gave orders that the street should be entered at We wandered about amony the shops, strolling in | each end by troops, and that every man, woman and id as though our inter: followed by the erowd, ple in honor of virtuous women, but won # Hot hold a position in Ching high enough us to feel an interest iu monuments to her virt Was proprietary, We louked at the ebild in the street she ld be put to the sword, The order was carried out aud ninety-six persons were killed, I have not heard what was done to the quard with «os who ran away, leaving the cook to his fate, I snppore they were given posts of honor in the work of massacre, je sure | In hone | it the | mau: | SUMMER ROME. | vicrory OF THE CLERICALS AT THE MUNICIPAL, | SERCTIONS—sTEAM AMONG THB RUINS—EX- | ermsions FROM ROME TO TIVOLI—G@AKI- BALD!'S DIVORCE svuIt. PU Aah ee | he attention of all who take interest in Italian affairs has been so much occupied of late with the disastrous inupdations of the Po and Adige, in the | North of the Peninsula, andthe volcanic devasta- tions of Etua in the South, that it requires some event of unusual importance to concentrate general | observation on Bome, which usually becomes the | quietest capital in Europe as the summer advances, | It happens, however, just now thafwe have here | several occurtences of really great interest varied nature, The one which de- ing defeat of the liberals by the clericals at the municipal elections, which took place on Sun- day morning, for the nomination of thirteen mu- nicipal and. three provincial councillors to replace an equal number who are annually designated by lot to resign their seats in the two councils, Since the decided encouragement given by Pope Leo XIII, to his partisans, to claim their legitimate share in the administration of municipal affairs, clerical candi- ates have been frequently successful in competitive elections in provincial towns, and it was understood that the present renewal of the Town Couneil in home would afford a fair opportunity for a stand-up fight between the principal political opponents in the metropolis. POLITICAL RARTIES, Without taking notice of slight shades in opinion we may divide our politicians into three leading groups—clericals, liberals and radicals, neither of which is able to command an absolute majority of votes if the other two coalesce. There are 21,500 natnes inscribed on the municipal list of qualified electors, of whom the clericals claim to dispose of 6,000, the liberals 12,000 and the radicals 3,000, but the majority claimed by the liberals is neutralized by the indolence or indifference of most of their members, who, principally shopkeepers, will not leave their business to go to the hustings, persuaded that their municipal administrators, whetner black, white or red partisans, would be all about equally @efective in the practical part of their duties. The clericals, on the contrary, are well drilled and compact, and their votes may be relied on, As to the radicals, their energy makes up in some degree for their numerical weakness; but betore the elections came on they felt that in their case it could only be “union que fait la force,” and so they held a prepara- tory meeting at the Argentine Hall to decide in which direction to extend a hand of alliance. The moderate liberals declined the proffered hand, finding it more practically useful to adopt a joint list with the clericals, and there was no hope of « radi- cal alliance with the latter since Garibaldi sent his fulminating telegram to the radical assembly— “Throw the priests over the Tarpeian rock, but | ao not allow them to sit in the Capitol!” | Sixty deputies were then requested to draw up a purely radical list of candidates, but they could not agreo in their choice, and therefore the radical party virtually abandoned all competition, The result startled the liberals as well as radicals, for of the thirteen municipal councillors elected on Sunday | morning nine belonged to the clerical card of the Unione Romana, of whom five were of the purest Pontifical: type—viz., Prince Paul Borghese, Princo Chigi, Duke Salviati, Marquis Ferrajoli and Count Malatesta—while of the three provincial councillors elected two were clericais—viz., Prince Bandini | Giustiniaui and Chevalier Ramelli. Itis certainly advantageous to have an opposition in all adminie- | trations, but if so large ® proportion of | resentatives were to get hold ot seats in Parliament | instead of places in municipal councils the policy of | | Itely, and perhaps the sovereignty ot Rome, 7 incur very important modifications. | STEAM TO TIVOLI. | _ If the first half of Sunday in Rome was thus pro- | ductive of rivalities, with feelings of triumph on | one side end disappointment on the other, the after- | noom brought unmitigated enjoyment to all who had | the privilege of forming purt of the inauguration | steam tramway excursion to Tivoli. This enchant- ing @pot has hitherto been almost a closed book for. | people who visit Rome with only a limited space of time, especially in winter, since a four hours’ di | across the dusty and deserted Via Tiburtitia to reac! ‘Tivoli, and ap equally long return, hardly leave time | for the excursion 1m a single day, including Hadrian's villa, and Th teep whence Anis loaps I sffow white foam. Henceforward a visit to Tivoli will occupy no more time than an afternoon’s drive slong the Appian | Way, ana residents in the capital, with the tacilita- tion ‘of communication offered by the new tramway, will rr) exclaim with Horace, in the summer months, Mibi Jam now regia Roma Bod vacuum TiMr plucet, ‘We started in six cars, drawn by two locomotives | of Belgian construction, from the termini sta- tion, and proceeded on the Ancona line as far as the Portonaccio junction—four kilometres distant— | where we left the Roman railway forthe Tivoli tram- way, and reached the famous Albulw waters in little | more than an hour. The station here will again among the ancient Romans, We accomplished the ascent to Tivoli from Ponte Lucano easily in twenty | minutes, whereas a pair of good horses require an hour, at least, to rag uP an ordinary carriaye. The Mayor and authorities of Tivoli, uuder a yay vilion at the entrance of the town, received the visi- tors, about two huidred in number, including, of | course, official dignitaries and persons connected with the enterprise, which belongs to a Bel- | go company. The Bishop of Tivoli, surrounded his clergy, in pontifical robe and mitre, solemaly ) oI the locomotive and train, after which rite | the whole company marched through the town with | banners flyipg, accompanied by four musical bands and the thundering crash of hundreds of petards | placed on the Monte Cutillo, to the Villetta, where the quet was out in @ public garden pie- turesquely situated at the point where the river Auio cade. The Bel Minister, Van Loo, the Minister of vulture and Commerce, the Deputies inter- en in the province and other orators held forth after the = ne, aud yng wishes = ex] r concern. | Sintore returned in'the tame’ feative form to the ata: tion and got back to Rome mort vob while the good people of Tivoli kept up their jollitications with fireworks, petards, iliumination of the and temples with Bengal lights, and unlimited music, until ‘after midnight. EXCURSIONS MADE EASY. It will be some time yet before this tramway will be open to public traffic, because the Roman Railway Company will not permanently allow the tram cars to run in and out of their central station, as on the inanguration Occusion, #0 that there will have to be separate stations forthe tramway, either nt | the termini station or at the San Lorenzo gate—! | mean the new proposed gate which is not yet be- gun—for the tram cars could not drive through the narrow and low arch of the ancient aqueduct which for so many centurics has figured as the Porte San Lorenzo or Tiburtina, But in one way or another the company promises to transport le to the new bathing establishment at the sulphurous springs (aqua Albulw) by the Ist of duly. It is certain that Tivoli, thus brought within strik- po | distance of Rome, and with the advan ofa half-way establishment of mineral baths, will a tormidable competitor to Albano, Frascati and the other towns get re round the Alban hilis, in the attraction of residents in search of summer vi giatura, Garibaldi continues to occupy the ville Lelieure, between Albano and Ariccia, but he feels rather the clerical tendencies of the Spproseed by Albano folks and their unbounded veneration for their new Cardinal Bishop, whose procession and ec- clesiastical ceremonies they seem to prefer to the republican eccentricities of the veteran General. | AM INTERESTING DISCOVERY. The last event of archmological and artiatical in- | terent in Rome has been the discovery, in that part | of the Farnesina Gardens which is being cat away to restore to old Father Tiber, of another room, deco- rated with exquisite mural paintings, belonging to the aacient Roman residence o2 which two rooms orridor had been already restored to ligh' asin the previously ¢xcavacated rooms, t! fare of two styles—the richly colored pie- | tures chiefly representing familiar and frequently erotic subjects and the simple outline delineations ot divinities and rie resembling those on Grock | end Etruscaa vase the Augustan age, ‘his residence, evidently of ust have been udoned and the soil raised in consequence of repeated fluvial inundations; but it will highly interesting if, in the course of the excavations still being coutinued, some inscription will be found revealing the ownel name. THE VATICAN, The intelligence from the Vatican is good with Tespevt to His Holiness, who las resumed his recep- tion of foreign and national visitors, drives about the Vatican yurdens with his prelates, and has de- seonded into the crypt of St. inapect the ntly completed mosaic picture of Sts, Peter and , ordered by Pins JX. and executed by the artists usardi and Ubizi, Leo XML, has insialied in the jcau observatory the distinguished Jesuit t Father Ferrari, the friend and pup rated Father Secchi and his su ryatory of the Roman College, trom which S65 Ts the Ttalian government authorities receutly ejected m. General Garibaldi’s action fot divorce trom his Milanese wife, on marriage, is Ii with th on lea of non-consummation of the ww then prevalent in Lombardy, would be to legalize his present union dive legitimacy to his younger children, Guri- ldi's son-in-law, Major Canzio, has been con- teem t prison for riotous resistance to the pub- ores e) 0 AU! the reau | bring into vogue this mineral spring, so celebrated | enters the Gtegorian tunnel to torin the great cas- | prove | LONDON GOSSIP Sarah Bernhardt Still the Rage in Society. SHE DESIRES TO SEE AMERICA. Miss Kellogg as Aida at Her Majesty’s. THE “RESOLUTE.” Lowpow, June 21, 1879. Sarah Bernhardt is as much the rage in London as in Paris, London has her on the brain. She has come, been seen and has conquered, with the greatest success, and if, to use the metaphor of one of the Journalists in the train of the Comédie Fangaise, the company as a body have carriad the town by storm, Sarah has certainly captured the citadel. To see her act at the Gaiety Theatre is not enough for fashions ble London. The unfortunate man who has not seen her in the “Parid’une Grande Dame” at a private house is an object of pity. Then, too, there is her gallery of objects of att in Piccadilly— pictures, statues and bas-reliefs—which is crowded datly. The accomplished lady has not only van- quished us, but is looting us, and she will carry beck to France s most substantial evi- dence of the enthusiasm of “Ces bons an- glais,’ Sareh Bernnardt desires to be known rathor as & sculptress than an actress, and prefers 8 good word for ‘‘Aprés le Tempéte,” the | young sailor dead on his mother’s knees, to the loudest “brava!” for Dons Sol or Mrs. Clarkson. Coffins and skulls are inseparably connected with this extraordinary lady, and a touch of her eccen- tricity is to be seen in her little figure of a jester who has thrown aside his bauble to play with a death’s head. The pictures, however, ate not be neath notice, forin all of them there is a strong feel- ing for color and effect, especially iu & little canvas called “Le Dame aux Perréches,” a fair haired -girl in white playing with her parrot pets. Mr. Whistler would call it an arrangement in green, white and yellow. Pictures and marbles, however, were quite secondary matters on the private view day of her gallery, for the celebrated lady herself wae there and absorbed all attention, while she chatted with the consummate ease and grace of « Frenchwoman with Mr. Gladstone, Sir Frederick Leighton and the scores of lesser lights that revolved, satellite-wise, about her slim and mignonne person. As one of the papers saye:— Poors, politicisns ‘And weademicians worship at her shrine, and anything she does is chronicled. I, therefore, must chronicle that ma brief conversation—it is not possible to have more than ten uninterrupted words at a time with such a | celebrity—she remarked to the correspondent of the Heratp that she does not like the climate of England; that she likes the people—two: very different things,” she said—and that she wasits to go to Amer- ica, So you, in your turn, must prepare for invasion and unconditionsl surrender. “AIDA” AT HER MAJESTY’S, “Aida” was produced at Her Majesty’s Theatre on | Thursday night, with Miss Kellogg in the title rdle, Trubelli as Amneris, Campanini as jand Foli as Ramphis, The audience was s brilliant one, and contained s good proportion of Americans, who \‘had gathered to witness the entrée of the trans atlantic favorite. Miss Kellogg's voice did not seem to be in strong condition, but her singing was irre- proachable for tunefulness and melody. Like every one else she was under the baneful influence of the weather, and it was, to say the least, amiable of her to stand in the aud consent to sing when she could notdo jus toher well snd long known ities, At the state concert, at which she was mmanded” to sing, she was congratulated and | thanked by the Prince of Wales, who hoped she would sing again at another, and recalled her former his country in gracious and flattering terms, 'a’’ ia essentially a spectactilar o: ‘and the main feature of the first performance at Majesty's was | the triumph of the scenic artist Signor Magnani, | under whose supervision the opera was mounted at the Scala in Milan, ‘The advantages of his co-operation were apparent in the splendid and accurate scenery which he has | pre} for Mr, Mapleson. Nothing more grand or more complete has ever been seen in London ¢! the temple interior of the second scene; the sky, | and the eflect of light and shade, the massive | hierogiyph-painted columns, were startiingly real, and the hands of the whole audience gave 4 salvo of applause which brought the agtist to the front after | the tall of thecurtain, with Radames and Ramphis ou | either side ot him, the contrast between thecostuine | of 1879, B. C., and 1879, A. D., being sufficiently | quaint, All through the opera and at the end the audience gave Signor Magnani # perfect ovation, and the euacaiy poe old ONT a pis be — was continually popping out from e wi | and bowing his ea wlotgments ot the ‘sdmiration | with which the audience regarded his scenic pic- | tures. He was certainly the hero of the performance, Atter him came a dance of little negro slaves, which | was so comic —_ coro was te cn naga | redemanded, jext Monday wi! iveu again, and the performers then "be able . do | better justice to it than they on the first night. THE METEOWOLOGICAL BUSINESS. But what can you expect in # climate in whieh on | the longest day of the years good fire in the grate is acomfortable thing? On this very day, the 2ist | June, mn is sl in & damp, chilly fou, t through which the rain comes pouring down. was cruel to send us “rain-, gales and lightn' | forthe iongest << the year, but the Hrxatp we should have them and we have. So the matinées | | at the theatres are spoiled, Nileson and Sarah Bera- | hardt and Adelina Patti are cross, polo at Hurling. ham is almost impossible, the Prince of Wales cannot | land on the Eddystone rock to found the new hthouse. The Egyptians were not so sore! ed by the ten plagues as is societ; | by this incessant bad weather. Says the Sporteman on this subject :—‘‘Meteorologiats on the other side of the Atlantic are doing ® roaring trade in bad weather. Every morning we seem to receive advices | of a coming storm, accompanied, as it were, with an | electrical bill of lading, and direotions ae to the best method of clearing the imyport. So clever are our cousins across the big water in pred: the afffer- ent of wet which now make up the climate | of these islands that the westherwise st home are otherwise abroad when dealing with the subject from an unscientific standpoint. Time was when » man’s corns pained him in the morning he took his umbrella sadly from the stand and prepared for the worst, But now that we import our weather from abroad the old signs of wet, from birds flying low, aucient wounds asserting themselves, and corns si@oting, have gone quite out of fashion, and accord- ing to the Darwinian theory should 1d graduaily disap- with the advent of their uselessness. It seoms, owever, that foreign’ weather prophets are not to have it ull thelr own way, a gentleman of Hands- KRALD cablegrame shat shade of which we have such plontiful supply | on hand. Behold how the Handsworth seer un- bosoms himselt:—‘Thee; weather. Sir If it may in- terest you, of the meney reeders of v ha widely sir- culated and vaiuavle Journall, That Judging the futer by the past we may espects verey disturbed state of the atmosphear attended with aiormings storms end great local rain fallea—this disturbance should comence a bout the eleventh of Jane and end | about 5th of Juley. but it Dr, Darwens observations bo true—then # flue dry Sumer Season.—but ifthe | observations of Roger Bacon be cofect which i ave taken particular notice ot for mor than Fortey years, that is the early or iste operance ot folage on the oak and ash.—the oak Early a fine dry summer, the ash late aliso porteness a fine dry summor—the foleg on the ash is this season Early and the oak late con quentley acording to this difereng, we myay expect » wot season.’ Thus, according to Koger Bacon and his uvorthographic correspondent, are we promised a bad spell of bad weather,” THE RESOLUTE, The proposed destruction—unnecessary and Van- dalistic—ot the old Arctic ship Resolute, whose witnessed an historic scene when Captain Hustein, on behalf of the government of the United States, handed the vessel over to the Queen ot gag in persou, has calied torth protests published in the ‘imes, John ‘row now writes tu raise his voice against the breaking up o nel with stich ® lin tory, “It would be a poor compliment,” he says, “to the United States, which #0 nobly and generous! aided in th One would have thought that in ail the wide seus that roll round these islands— those hi te seas of which Englishmen are #0 prow wre would have been found a permanent mooring tor the stanci old ship, whose louely drift of 1,200 miles in the polar seas and subsequent interesting history would appeal, one would think, to the feelings of the imaginative and ‘emotional people of England, according | fieid's estimate of their character, — Tu view of the fact that law or vested interests, or | whatever the insurmountable reason may be, have decreed the destruction from root to threshold of the church immortal to the memory of the Broutés, and that Shakes; "s house, in Aldersgate street, y for new warehouses, oue not be rept the destruction of the Resolute. inativeness of Lord Beaconsfield, r of increasing Wouder to those who would | like to know upon what facts he grounded his fa- | mous ut a Royal Academy banquet, The | eee, noble Bast were probably inthe sas} ny AMRRICAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION. THE PRINCE IMPERIAL, yond has been “the first to record im verse England's sorrow at the death of the young Prince Imperial, He sings :— Desi Behind bim'els s hands ‘That fain would rule the human race, Viotor of many hostile lands, He falls Ti peace—to hit disgrace. ‘The iron ‘yirate round Sedan ws He fights for doath, ein eral ean flys ab dues Pe Not then il ‘Above a om tot tgtfing ‘Por But, cast out by hiy peoute votes, os, Ike his yromt ancestor... | At Chisel Kmprose we if hp sete ‘wave: AMERICAN OOMPETITION. ENGLAND'S ESTIMATE OF OUR EXPORT NESS—A STUDY FOR THE FOURTH. (From the London Globe.) The United States may justly claim to be “going ahead” in their export business, whatever may be thought of their boasted progress in other direc- tions. Unhappily for us thid form of prosperity chances to be the very one most likely to be secured at ourexpense, For while our transatlantic cousins are sending us largely increased quantities of their goods every year, they show less and less inclination to return the favor by taking our commodities, From some valuable statistics published in the Man- chester Courier it appears that while the value of the totsl exports from the States was only £66,122,805 in 1068 16 bed reacted AULLAIE AB du 178 belag tn in crease of £85,602,835, or at the rate of about £8,500,000 annum. In the last | eee however, of this de- cennial ‘iod the Pe beens was close on £19,000,000, a strong tion that the com- petition our manufacturers encounter from this quarter is likely to become more and more embarrassing. On the other hand, the net imports ot merchandise have fallen off steadily since 1873, although the popolation must now be considerably lmger than it was at the former date, and the demand for European ought, therefore, to be so much fea otto -~ ae yordsr to be drawn from these suggestive statistics seems to be that while American ‘masurufacturers ‘tre graduafly monopolizing the whole of their own markets, and thus ousting from them our merchants,they are also attacking With nota little success the ohief centres of demand in Eu: . This latter theory receives support from the that in 1878 the States sent abroad brgannt iron and steel manuf: to the yalue of nearly £1,000,000 sterling in excess of the previous year's exports. Within comparatively short period the markets of Europe knew no Yankee prod- ucts under these heads, except a few miscellaneous “notions,” which had no 3] le influence on current rates. True, the quantity ex} yd wtill remains compared with w: we our- selves send abroad. But every trade must have a beginning, and it must be confessed that Cousin Jonathan has made a very good start in foreign business. In cotton, és) 1, he seems deter- mined to make the most his advantages, for the quantity produced in the States last year was oe 4 nearly double what it amounted to in 1870, althoug sane ‘was supposed to be utterly stagnant in every FOREIGN NOTES. ‘The restaurant and hotel of Versailles have intimated their intention of withdrawing theit sup- port from the Republic. M. Gambetta is, according to m, ® monster of iniquity, a demagogue, in fact, their personal enemy, for he has ported the idea of returning to Paris in direct opposition to their interes! The government council of the Canton of Bern have issued a very wise ordinance. The beautiful {ikoet disappeared in many” mountainous, dis: alniost jany mountaino' ro Tin stalo baa beet sod aa an excuse for beggary, and so the coun determined to # atop to the extinction of the beautiful plant. Bore sons plucking ‘“‘edelweiss” up by the roots will be fined trom five to fitty france. ture ouly the full blown flower may be taken. f London Vanity Fair is “quite tired and reading that stale old French doctrine thot all‘knes lish women have latge feet. It has until it has me so much men are and teeth , mouths. But the truth if is not English women but Frenchwomen who have bad feet. They qver walk, and they imprison themselves in the tightest and smallest chaussure human nature can bear. The Spaniards, who have the finest feet in Europe, laugh at and despine the French buot es a foolish barbarity, and point at their own type of chaussure, which is broad over the toes. And yet our élégantes some- times make s point of ig their boots trom Paris, when, if they knew, they would send for them to Madrid—or Montreal.” The Berlin Borsenseiteng, writing on the 17th of this month, the tenth anniversary of the foundation of the German navy, observes that ten years ago the idea of aGerman navy only excited ridicule, while now it has become an bers oar A fact, which is not only recognized but respected by all tho mari- time States, and by means of which the German government is beginning to take w ag strong position in all parts of the work The number of the ships of the German navy is already over seventy; some are ships of 6,000 tons burden, and the total tonnage is nearly one hundred thousand tons. These vessels have a steam power of 120,000 norses and are armed with upward of four hundred guns. The estimate ot the naval expenditure of Germany for the year 1878-9 amounts to 24,000,000 marks for ordinary and 34,000,000 marke for extraordinary expenditure, Most Continental rth, 0 have described Prince Alexander, who by the th of his elder brother has just become Prince ot Orange, as totally unfit to succeed to the throne of Holland. A Dutch corre- spondent of the Xcho du Parliament, who writes from e Hague, and professes to have the best sources of intormation, says that this is acomplete mistake. The Prince has not the rovust health which his brother enjoyed; bat, according to him, he js a you map of considerable intellectual and lms devoted his life to serious study. has made himself expecially familiar with the working of the Dutch constitution, and is known to be deeply interested in measure for oting the national welfare. ae he fogularly attends the ittings of the Council of State, and investigates the condition of every ss branch of the public ser- vice. “The House of Orange,” concludes the writer, “has lately passed through heavy trials; but in Prince Alexander it has s representative who, if he were ealled to the throne to-morrow, would realize free netion can cherish London M P the life of the heir of the Napoleons—an existence uliarly precious; and we can hardly affirm bnety we acquitted ourselves with any appre- Post:—*T@ our care was confided ciation of the trust reposed in us. an English Royal Highness been attached to the staff of Lord Cheimsford, what blame would not have heen iniputed had he been allowed not once, but repeatedly, to proceed upon small and dangerous reconnoissances? A strong feeling of in- dignation would have infallibly been aroused had we learned from the newspapers that s member of the royal family had been detached, with one other ir, six “whites” and a few “blacks,” to ride ten miles into the country of a savage foe to sketch out @ camp. Yet to this purpose were turned the talent and energy of an in- experienced young soldier who was emphaticglly the child of France. His place should have been by the side of the Commander-in-Chief as his side-de-camp, and had he fallen, as Lord Chelmsford might, when so bravely exposing his own life, at such a battle as Gingihlovo, no blame could have attached to those who should have cherished the welfare of their stu- dent volunteer.” A popular and perfectly innocent form of amuse- ment is that kuown as writing “confessions” —a pastie much in vogue at English country houses when all other entertainments have been exhausted. When Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Prin- cess of Wales wore visiting Belvoir Castle in 1865, they were in turn requested to contribute to the confession book, and “confessed” their favorite hikes and dislikes as follows:— My Favorite— +» Mary, Queen of Scots.Queen Dagmar. <.. Leopold, King of the Belgians ...........Miebard Gaur de Lion, ing. Forget-me-not. | ed mo jaying the piano anting. ding. W Motto........"leh Dien “Hont soit qui mal y pense” Dislike.......Cowardice and ava- rice. Slander, Locality.. Great Britain, Ambition.....To attain fame with- Non - interference out seeking it, in other people's business, Auuent Epwanp. ALEXANDRA, BeLvotn CastLe, 1th April, 1465, FRIGHTENED BY A FIRECRACKER. Some mischievous boys on Monday evening threw ® cannon firecracker into the laundry of Sam Hing, No, 165 Clinton street. It burst, spoiling clothes, extinguishing the lights and frightening the Chinaman, He rushed in terror to «friend who spoke English, and together they came to Essex Mar- ket Court, where Hing charged Theodore Kiune, #ix- teen years old, of No, 186 Olinton street, with at- tempting to murder him, A warrant was iseued and Kiune was dued $4 yesterday, HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF TH) JEANNETTE. [From the San Francisco Chronicle, June 26.) The exploring steamer Jeannette nade a satis- factory trial trip at Vallejo-yesterday, ami is to leave that place to-day for this city. She will remain here until she starts on’ her. adventurots voyige to the Polar Sea, escorted as tar as Oypalaske by the United States steamer Alaska, The Jeannetté is tted up with coal and stores for her long voyage, every hole, corner and cranny being utilized, ‘There is \iterally no unused space in her well arranged interivr for = mouse to turn round, and the Alaska will take extra coal and stores which will be transferted to the Jeannette at Ounalasks of St. Michael, to replace those already used on the exploring vessel. The Jeannette is & Dbark-rigged steamer of 420 tons register, and long, low and rakish looking, Experts in Arctic navigation who have examined her model say itis admirably suited for encountering heavy'ice. She is what is called » long-legged ship— that is, she hase sharp wedge-shaped floor, and if caught between two heavy ice-floes she will be lifted on to the ice instead of being crushed between them, as too often happens to flat-floored, wall-siaed ves. sels, She was built’by the British government for a despatch boat and tender to the Mediterranean fleet, was sold out of the royal navy and Picctines by Si Allan Young, au enthastantio Brit Yaohtethan ant Arctic explorer, who had accompanied Sir Leopold McClintock in his successful search for relies of the il Franklin expedition. Sir Allan Y. fitted e Pandore af Bis own cost, ond mate " in ue ic seas, 6 was & felend anid admirer of Lady Franklin, snd also s friend of tho late Honry Grinnell, of Arotioexploration fame, The Pandora was purchased about eighteen months ago, and by®authority of s special act of Congress was registered as an Ameficati vessel and her name changed to the Jeannotte, Lieutenant George W. De Long, of the United States Nayy, waa laced in charge of the vessel, with the approval of tie Secretary of the Navy. brought out to this port via the Straits of Magellan, sailing most ot the way. On her arrival 5 ober ier y to the naval suthorities at Mare Island, and put in perfect condition for her voyage. Her bow is filled in with solid timber and heavy beam: cross the hold at short dtstances. These are so thor- oughly shored and braced that the crushin; nities ‘would seem to be impossible, She lao hes a heavy extra planking on her bottom and bilges, and on ber 10 two fect above her deep load Her bow is further protected on the ou by thick iron straps to protect itfrom being cut by the ice when she may be forced to butt against -it to open a.channel. A large poop cbain has also been added to increase her stowage room and offi- cers’ accommodations. The Jeannette is provided Whalebouts, ants folding boot, whlch will carry w oats, and a folding wi six men in case of need, and may be handily carried upon a sledge. She has extra composition screw bindes, an extra rudder, duplicates ot those parts of the engine gear that are most lable to break, and a full assortment of machinists’ and ‘ters’ tools, In short, the outfit {s qs full and complete as the most thoughtful foresight and unstinted liberality on the score of expense can make {t, engine has had. adbomaeh overhauling with renewals where they were likely to be needed, and s new boiler was it in the shtp by the Mare Island machinists, who ve given extra care and attention to the work, and have turned off a most creditable and excellent job. The surgery is one of the most complete de- partments in the ship, and in this, as in all other provisions for maintaining the offi- cers and crew in health and comfort, ail has been done that was possible. The forecastle has been ly well cared for, and it is questionable whether any ship of any nation ever started upon » cruise with such roomy and well arranged accommo- tions provided for her crew. The supply of woollen clothing, , &e,, seems to be endless, — is Sones ality, pe of the ae mi 08) ly for men who are 4 to wear them. Three hogsheuds filled Srith tur clothing, prepared for Howgate expedition and transferred to this expedition, arrived from the East a fow days ch, and are now stored on the Jean- nette, In ition to this liberal donation it is understood that the Alaska Fur Company is prepar- be sent on The ing & supply of fur suite, which will board the Jeannette at Ounalasks or St. Paul's, voyage of the Jeannette will for tl m~ stance of their port being selected as the port of de as also from the fact that it is the first expe- started to reach the coveted goal of Strait. As all other routes have been tried without success—. namely, by Parry’s attempt by the ocean route be- tween Greenland and Spitzbergen, by Kane's, Hayes’, Hall’s and Nares’ efforts by way of Smith’s Sound, and py the Awaieien « expedition Ay ot ey ot Bare, pete la—we may claim, Captel ng 8 succeed in ‘Teachitg the Pole, that the only "Tiveck and easy route to the North Pole lies by way of the Golden Gate, [From the Montpelier (Vt.) Watchman; July 2.) ‘The steamer Jeannette, of the Av:srican Arctic Bus pedition, has arrived at San Francisco, and is abouts ready to sailon its romantic mission. She has alli her stores and equipment on board, and, with her full complement of officers, made a trial trip down the bay on Thursday last, the steamer behaving splendidly and the crew exhibiting ths discipline of trained soldiers. Thi officers are said to be a splen- did set of men. Not one is under twenty-five years of age and not one over thirty-five. In the seleo- tion of the eighteen members of the érew 1,300 appli- cants who presented themselves were personally ex- amined, and none were accepted but those without spot or blemish and free from physical ailment or immoral habits. Captain De Long has the fullest confidence in his crew and says that while the strict est discipline will prevail in the government of the expedition and an adherence to navy rules and regu- lations will be exacted, they start out as members of one family. This object. adds, the. officers who have the responsibility of directing the crew will assist in attaining. Everything that human fore sight could suggest or provide has been seen to. WESTERN ASIAN. EXPLORATION. PROPOSAL TO EXPLORE THE BIRTHPLACES OF ARTS AND SCIENCES—WEALTH OF TRKASURES TO BE FOUND. ‘There is a talk in England, says the London Globa of the institution of a fund for the exploration of certain spots {n Western Asia, just as a similar work has been carried on in Palestine. The interest of scholars in this part of the world has of late been immensely increased, and it will be very surprising if s scheme for a systematic and competent research in what is now generally recognized as the birth- place of all our arts and sciences, does not call forth a considerable degree cf enthusiasm, not only among those learned in Uriental matters, but am all who are ible of understanding the kind of knowledge to which such exploration would pretty certainly lead. We already possess relics of the ancient Babylonian Empire which cannot but fill with astonishment any one who will take the trouble to examine them, showing, as they that in an age of the world which we are accustomed to regard as an age of al but universel darkness and ty, there flourished a degree of learning and civilization which seems in many respects to have been but littie behind our own. It is realiy startling to find » lib: catalogue compiled some 4,000 years ago, appen to which is tion to the student to write down and hand to the lib: the number of the book he wishes to consult, just as he would have to do to-day ‘at British Mi or the Guildhall Library, There are now in the col lection at Bloomsbury, Assyrian bas-relicfs teatifyi to an extinct, but advanced, civilization to an of which comparatively few persons have any idea, Fortunately, the ancient libraries of Mesopotamia were largely made up of tablets composed of clay, and the'fact that many of these have survived the wreck of the empires, and the extinction of the learning and civilization to which they testify, and are now in our possession, of course affords abund- ant reason to believe that Western Asia still possesses hidden treasures of @ similar kind, such as would certainly have the most protound interest for every department of learning. So great an addition hag recently been made to our knowl of this old world that it is a matter for wonder that men and money and State influence have not by this time been secured for the prosecution of earnest and ex- tensive exploration, NATIONAL GERMAN FESTIVAL, <esconios ‘The representatives of one of the princtpal German societies of this city, Jersey City and Brooklyn, mot last evening at Turn Hall, Fourth street, to consider the arrangements made by the Executive Committee of the approaching National German Festival. The | meeting was large and enthusiastic and the arrange ments made by the committes were agreed to, President Hermann D, Busche announced tnat the Germans were taking & great in the festival and that almost all the societies ot the country, ineluding the Liederkranz and Arion, had siguitled their intentio to participate. The festival will commence on 5' day, the 2th inst., and continue to the 24th tuciu- sive. Most extensive ay ag ure now bein; made at the Schuetzen ‘k, Union Hill, a programme never before attempted ii introduced, There will be and another for the sharpshooters. hoot dancing, however, will be curried on every day, gate receipts are to be devoted to the pital of this city. STILL THEY COME, Seven hundred and ninety-two immigranta were landed at Castle Garden yesterday, The Greece, from Liverpool, brought 241; the Silesia, from Ham. burg, 283; the Algeria, from Liverpool, 191; and the Poreire, trom Havre, 197, f hos