The New York Herald Newspaper, January 25, 1879, Page 6

EW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. « JAMES GORDON BENNETT, TROPRIETOR, Hite THE DAILY HERALD, published every day én the year, 7 Op! lays ex lent). dollars per ths, two dollars and fifty cent dollar per month f day edition included, awe. Y HERALD—One dollar per year, free of post- ec NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.—Remit in drafts on New York or Post Office money orders, and where neither of these can be procured send the money in a registered letter, All money remitted at risk of In order to insure atten- tion subserihers wishing their old as well as their n All business, news should be properly sealed. ot be returned. ee PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—NO. 112 SOUTH SIXTH SS y ICE OF THE NEW YORK HERALD— R AMUSEMENTS TO-DAY AND EVENING. WALLACK'S THEATRE—Ovns, Matinee. UNION SQUARE—Tnx Davourer. Matinee. BOOTH'S THEATRE GERMANIA TH STANDARD TE Pinarore, Matinee. BOWERY THE, NIBLO'S GARDEN--BEN GH. Matinee, END, Mutines. NAFORE. Matinea. ors, Mutines. ACADEMY OF x FIFTH AV: vaRD Batt, Matinee. Matinee, yN jatines. WINDSOR THEATRE. EGYPTIAN HALL—Vaie TONY PASTOR'S—Vanu CHICKERING HALLS: TRIPLI ‘The probabilities are that the weather in New York and its vicinity to-day will be warmer and partly cloudy, followed toward night by gradual clearing. To-morrow it promises to be cool and Jair. Watt Srreer Yesrerpay. ket was very active and strong. Government bonds were higher, States steady and railroads strong. Money on call lent at 11g a 2p per cent, closing at 2 per cent. A Pecutiarn MARRIAGE, for conscience’s sake, was explained in court by Mrs. Overin yester- day. Biuiarps are as uncertain this week as poli- ties, but a great deal more interesting. See re- port of the tourname: Ir Now Arrears that the matchless magi- cian, Robert Heller, failed to learn one of the most brilliant and satisfactory of tricks—that of saving money. New York Pouicemen must look to their laurels. Two of their kind in Italy gazed quietly at an attempt at larceny a short time ago and allowed the baffled thief to saunter leisurely away. Cuanrry, like eggs, butter and Cesar’s wife, should be above suspicion, and not have its tes- timonials, certificates of incorporation and ad- dresses of incorporators out of reach, as was the ease with Mr. E, BR. Taylor’s aid association yesterday, ix Axorner Cotumn Mr. Michael Dunn de- acribes his new mission for ex-conviets. The motive is excellent, but public benevolence is not complimented by the reflection that while such an institution has always been needed a Tepentant ex-convict was the first to put the plan into operation. How tue Fraternity which blasts rocks and tosses stones in air without regard to life or property will be astonished to leurn that one of their number was arrested yesterday for his careless method of working! It such arrests continue some uptown neighborhoods will miss @ great deal of excitement. Yesrerpay, while the nation was bewailing the butchery of the last of the runaway Chey- ennes in Nebraska, a member of the same tribe was making an intelligent and sensible speech toarvom full of representative New Yorkers. Indian agents made the runaways what they were ; a soldier remade the student-speaker. Wuen tHe Coroner holds his inquest to-day on the remains of the sailor Madden the jury will view the body and probably the gun from which the fatal shot was fired, but will any one think to analyze some liquor from the bottle from which Madden had been drinking! 11’ not their verdict will hardly accord with the facts in the case, U or Rates on through freights from » West has again begun, and a hundred pounds of wheat can be brought a thousand miles for less money than an expressman would wecept tor carrying a paper bag of popcorn from New York to Brooklyn. Railroad man- agers call this sort of thing business enterprise, no matter what the holders of stocks and bouds may think of it. Tae Wearner.—The depression which was in the Northwest on Thursday is moving very slowly over the northern lake regions, the «© of lowest pressure being now over the British possessions. The intluence of the dis- turbance extends into the Ohio Valley and the northern sections of the Middle Atlantic aud New England States. The barometer is ahest off the South Atlantic coast, where weather generally prevails. It is rising gradually in the extreme Northwest and falling in the Western Gulf districts. Rain has fallen in the Gulf States, and light suow is reported in the Northwest. Cloudi- ness prevailed in the lake regions, the Middle Atlantie and New England States and fuir weather in the West, The winds have in- « ed considerably over the lower lakes, the gradients on the eastern margin of the disturb- ance becoming steeper in that region. They have been fresh to brisk in the Middle Atlantic and New England States and geuerally ight elsewhere. The temperature has risen in the Northwest and = the Gulf districts, has been variable over the Jakes and bus fallen in the other sections, The gradients will become more steep on the Middle Auantie and New England coast to-day, and the winds will increase from the southwest. tu the vicinity of Nova Scotia and northenst- ward toward Newfoundland the weather is ikely to be stormy until Monday or Tuesday, The weather over the British Islands 18 uy tied, The weather in New York and its vicinity today will be warmer and partly cloudy, tol- JowTE toward night by gradual clearing, To- tiorivw it promises to be cool and fair, NEW YORK HER Progress of the Negroes—Senator Win- | Of the country is our politics,’and it would dom’s Emigration Project. The United States have been conducting, since the close of our civil war, one of the most interesting social experiments in his- tory—one of the largest in extent and one which is likely to be far-reaching in its con- sequences, It is an experiment fraught with the future condition of that one of the five great sections of the globe whose in- terior has so recently been trodden for the first time by the feet of a civilized explorer; but an experiment whose more immediate effects will be felt on the large popula tion of African descent which seems des- tined, ior several generations, at least, to toil and thrive in the Southern half of our Republic. ‘The civilization and Christian- ization of “the dark continent” belongs to the far off times of the distant future and is dependent on the success of the African race in the United States. It is possible that there may be intermediate steps and that the West India Islands may become the seats of flourishing negro com- munities before the native home of the race in Africa shall bask in the light of Christian civilization. Nothing was further from the thoughts of the inhuman slave traders who tore cap- tured negroes from homes and sold them into slavery than that they were preparing the way for the ultimate redemption of a continent. Abhorrent as American slavery was to all the best impulses of humanity, that inscrutable Providence which is ever at work, ‘‘from seeming evil still educing good,” seems to have used it as an agency for developing the enslaved race. What the negroes have gained from generations of servitude is capacity for steady labor, the most difficult lesson for savage peoples to learn, but the indis- pensable prerequisite of any advances toward civilization. It is in consequence of the long training of our negroes in the school of labor that the first results of their emancipation compare so favorably with English emancipation jn the West Indies. The negroes on the sugar plantations in the West Indies were so constantly decimated by the climate ‘and by harsh treatment that the supply had to be kept up by fresh importations from Africa, which prevented that steady transmission of acquired hubits from generation to genera- tion which finally transformed the United States negroes into a mass of patient toilers. The habit of labor had become established in our negroes previous to their emancipa- tion, and this habit formed the secure basis of further civilization, whereas in the West Indies the slave population consisted so largely of negroes of the first and second generation of captured Africans that they easily relapsed into the old habits of savage indolence. It is owing to this difference that the pre- dictions founded on the results of West India emancipation have been so com- pletely falsified by the event. Our freed- men have not turned out to be a mass of lazy vagabonds, as is proved conclusively by the statistics of the cotton crop since the war. ‘Che production of cotton has in- creased since emancipation, and the pro- duction of cereal crops in the South has in- creased in a much larger proportion, which is an incontestable proof that negro in- dustry has not fallen off since its emanci- pation from the whip of the slave driver. The negroes in a state of freedom have proved to bean industrious and valuable peasantry, and, this great point being as- sured, we may look with confidence for a steady improvement of their condition. How far this improvement has already gone is an interesting question to which there will be no complete or satisfactory answer until we have obtained the result of the next census. But the tax lists of sev- eral of the Southern States ghow a most gratifying increase in the possession ot property by the negroes, and the educa- tional statistics are said to be still more ta- vorable, The interesting statements made in the House on Thursday by Mr. Cain, a colored Representative, are in the highest degree encouraging if they can be regarded as authentic. Mr. Cain presented statistics to prove that in four Southern States the number of negroes who can read and write is larger in proportion to the whole colored population of those States than the num- ber of whites who can read and write is in proportion to the whole white population, The federal census of 1880 will determine whether these representations are correct. It is to be hoped that provision will be made by law for gathering very full statistics of the condition of the Southern negroes. Time enough has passed since the close of the war fora very con- siderable development of the results and tendencies of emancipation, and theseshould be ascertained and recorded for the in- struction of the present and fature genera- tions. So great, so gigantic a social experi- ment will always excite enlightened curi- osity, and it will be a crime against civili- zation if the next census, taken at so im- portant a stage of the experiment, should not furnish the basis for an intelligent judgment. The census takers should be instructéd to go minutely into all the details of the condition of the freedmen, The prop- erty they own, the form of that property, the kind of houses they dwell in, the taxes they pay, tho education they receive, the churches they support, the watches, jews elry and personal ornaments they wear, the number of children born in wedlock and out of wedlock, the mechanical trades they pursue and the wages they earn as me- chanics—everything, in short, which can throw light on their condition should be carefully ascertained and set down for present information and as the basis of future comparisons, Tho attention of the country has been too exclusively directed to the merely po- litical results of emancipation. All the numerous investigations which have been set on foot are directed to what is done at the ballot box or in the electioncering can- vass which precedes voting, This has its importance, but it is the least important of all the questions relating to the negroes, What a perverted idea of Northern society would be conveyed by persistent in- vestigations relating solely to frauds aud wbuses in elections! The great uleer of American society in all parts be strange if polities were managed with greater purity in the South than they are elsewhere. In estimating the fruits of emancipation it is more important to be ac- quainted with the industry, thrift, educa- tion and morals of the negroes than with the nature of their participation in the dirty politics of their section, which cannot be much worse than the dirty politics of the country at large, especially in the great cities, What we really need to know about the negroes is the amount of property they are acquiring, the me- chanical trades they are learning, their fidelity to the marriage relation, their at- tendance at churches and schools, and whether there are young men of capacity among them who aspice to be engineers, architects, physicians, lawyers and mer- chants. It is only this species ot informa- tion that will enable us to judge of the ad- vances they ave making toward a higher condition, We believe that they are sur- passing any expectations that could have been formed at the outset of the experi- ment, and if the next census fails to furnish information on these points the neglect will be inexcusable. Senator Windom’s bill for appropriating money to enable negroes to emigrate will prove as futile in result as it is benevolent in intention. ‘There is no more reason why the Treasury should pay the travelling expenses of black men than of white men. Such a “paternal” scheme would be subject to all sorts of abuses, Any able bodied negro who desires to change his residence can earn in a month money enough to take him five hundred - miles by rail and a much greater distance by steamboat. If any negroes think they can better their condition by removing to the Northern States or the Western Territories they can easily earn the means of making the jour- ney. A concentration of the colored popu- lation in one locality would be a disadvan- tage to them, because it would deprive them of the civilizing effect of contact with the superior race. To scatter them thinly over the North and West would be almost as bad, because they are admitted only to servile employments in a preponder- ating white community. In their pres- ent locations they have the advantage of white example, and also the ad- vantage of entering all pursuits and professions tor which they can qualify themselves, A negro mechanic or doctor or lawyer has no chance in the North, since white people will not employ him and the people of his own color are not numerous enough to give him a subsistence. But in the South he can find patrons in his own race, and during this generation and the next his best opportunities for rising will be in a community where white civiliza- tion supplies him with models and the patronage of his own race is sufficient to furnish him employment in the higher de- partments of activity. Cheyennes in the Last Ditch. Our special despatch trom the scene of the last ditch of the Cheyennes recites all the particulars of their ultimate slaughter, and its simple narrative gives a vivid pic- ture of the most remarkable battue in the history of Indian wars. It appears that the difficult trail of the Cheyennes was only iollowed successfully in their last escape by the Sioux, Woman’s Dress, and a half breed scout, his as- sociate, named John Changrot. These two followed the trail till stopped by the fire of the hidden enemy, who were in a hole near to the edge of a high bluff, the precipitous side of which is over the bed of astream now dry. In this hole they were so well hidden that they could completely command the advancing troops but were not themselves under fire. As soon as the troops came up pickets were posted to cover the edge of the pit with their fire and thus keep the Indians down, and to this movement is due the fact of our small loss ; yet all our men that were killed were killed in this period of preparation for the coup de grace. With the line tormed in a semi- circle, the right and left at the edge of the bluff, only the line of the bluff was left open for an Indian run; but this was only open on top of the hill, for men were posted below on that side to prevent escape in that direction. With the line formed the inter- vals between the men were three yards ; but as they advanced, the circle grow- ing smaller, they came closer at every step, and the Indians in this dense line could not have missed ao shot but that the steady fire of the line itself kept them now and their nearly exhausted ammunition compelled economy. Once begun the ad- vance was continued to the very edge of the crater, and there each soldier fired into the heap and stepped back to reload, and this was continued till ‘‘order reigned in Warsaw.” An attempt to spare some, under the apprehension that they had surren- dered, nearly proved fatal to Captain Wes- sells, and indicated once more for the last time that there was no other solution of this trouble than the systematic annihilation of the band. Disease in Brooklyn, Diphtheria, scarlet fever and pneumonia are the diseases. named as particularly active on the Heights—in the best neighbor- hood of the neighboring city and in the best houses of the district ; that is to say, in the houses of the richest men—houses intended to be the best—though what can really be worse in the way of a residence than a house with pipes contrived tor the accumulation of sewer gas and its discharge in the sleeping rooms it would be difficult to sa Pneumonia simply as an in- flammatory disease might prevail in that district from its high position and liability to be swept by bad winds, But this is probably what is some- times classed as typhoid pneumonia, which is really typhoid fever with o pul- monary complication. Doubtless this dis- ease and diphtheria are the direct products of sewer gas, and invade house after house through the pipes from the sewer; and though the scarlet fever does not originate in that way it is certain that where there ia sewer gas in houses that fact gives gravity to scarlatina and makes fatal many cases that otherwise would end in recovery, Sewers from that district descend almost perpen- ALD, SATURDAY, JA dicularly to the river level, thence run to the river, and at. low tide the mouths are exposed. Then the west wind. whistles into them, and. they are like chimneys whose draught carries mephitie vapors into the houses. In Mr. Rockwell’s residence it was found that ventilation of closets, &c., was practised by communications with the leaders made for the drainage of the roof. Here the gas was very fatal, and for a sim- ple reason. Snow and ice plug up these leaders every winter, and thus there was no escape for vile odors except into the rooms. The Dill introduced in the Legislature to prohibit the Metropolitan “L” Railroad Company from constructing its east side road on Second avenue is one of those un- timely and offensive propositions which are h»rmful only to their authors, Every citizen of New York, who has the interests of the city at heart, desires to see the sys- tem of rapid transit, from which such decided advantages have already been derived, carried out thoroughly and made as nearly perfect as possible. ‘The Metropolitan Company has given us a splendid road on Sixth avenue, both in construction, equipment and management, and it proposes, by tuking lessons from the experience it has enjoyed, to make its east side line even more perfect and popular than that on the west side. ‘he New York “L” company has in the words of its presi- dent, been ‘taken off its legs” by the enor- mous flood of business that has overtaken it from the start, and, while it promises im- provements, has not yet afforded the facili- ties demanded by the public, When the Metropolitan ‘‘L” Railroad runs on the east side, alniost parallel with the Third avenue line, there will be business enough to make both roads largely remunerative, while the competition will spur the New York Com- pany to efforts to meet the public expecta- tiou, both as to facilities, comforts and con- veniences, The east side travel is sufficient to sup- port two roads well and to enrich the stock- holders of both companies. If we had a Second avenue line to-day running parallel with the Third avenue line the latter would still be one of the most valuable franchises in the city, despite those drawbacks which it is to be hoped time will remove. The Second avenue route will be a most effec- tual destroyer of the present objectionable tenement house system, and will give even agreater impetus to the improvement of uptown property than has been imparted by the Third avenue road. Competition in rapid transit, as in all other enterprises, is the soul of business, and the greater the facilities afforded to passengers the larger will be the travel. It is difficult to understand what interests can have originated the absurd bill in- troduced in the Legislature to ob- struct the building of the Second avenue line, but the probability is that it owes its appearance to the common desire of new members to interfere with something or somebody. In this respect our represen- tatives in Albany are too frequently like the Irishman who, having been ship- wrecked on a barren island, made his way to the highest point he could discover to survey his new quarters. Discovering no sign of 9 human habitation or of human life, ‘Och, hone!” he cried, ‘“‘what willI do? Niver mind—begorra I’m agin’ the government, anyhow!’ The author of the Second avenue prohibition bill only knows that he is against rapid transit anyhow, but after all this may not prove a profitable op- position. Activity Among Walkers. The interest in walking contests and: in walking generally this winter is simply un- paralleled. O'’Leary’s famous victory in England, where he mowed down the best men all Europe could produce ; his crowded houses in the races with Hughes and “Sport,” the shorter contests, where such good men as Harriman, Howard and Holske have made good records ; Mme. Anderson’s astonishing feat, and the performances of the Westchester and Ladies’ Walking clubs, combined with the twenty-seven hundred quarter-mile race now going on in Washington and the three thousand one to commence on Monday at Brewster Hall—all evince the sudden and great fondness for foot work which has sprung up among us, No better evidence could be offered of the improvement in the pace, and stay too, of the best goers of to-day over those of former years than the comparative indifference with which the very fast times now frequently made are received, When Christopher North walked forty miles in eight hours, or Captain Barclay one thousand in one thousand hours, all thought they had done remarkable work. But now Mr. Lind, an unknown man from Newark, asks permission to take a few turns on Holske’s track, and makes the astonishingly fine score of fifty miles in 9h. 30m. 40 1-4s., while Downey does the same distance in 8h. 39m. 39s., while Barclay’s task is not to be named in the same day with Anderson's, When “Blower,” “Vaughan,” ‘OCorkey” and the other distinguished foreigners come over in’ the spring to get the champion’s belt away from O'Leary it will be in no way strange if some American dark horse should quietly step in and show the whole party, O'Leary included, a clean pair of heels, and so either protract the stay of the visitors or send them back to their native land sadder but wiser men. The Sudden the Afloat with Boyton. At half-past eleven last night Mr. Paul Boyton with a Hxnatp reporter in tow started from the Battery and moved down the bay on a voyage of discovery for the Narrows, Staten Island, Coney Island or any other isiands that lic in that direction, It may be that the gulfs will wash them down; It may be they will reach the happy isles, And see the great Achilles whom they knew, For our part we have no doubt that if Achilles is there they will see him —for it is not to be believed for a moment that Boy- ton in the indiarubber overcoat that was made expressly for a voyage down the Volga van possibly be overwhelmed by this famil« iar and well intentioned bay of oars; while as to Henatp reporters it is well known that they can keep their heads above water in . NUARY 25, 1879--TRIPLE SHEET. . the most adverse circumstances, and that chosen specimens can dive deeper, stay down longer and come up dryer than any other man, with, perhaps, the two excep- tions of Boyton in fact and Davy Crockett in history. We shall chronicle at the earliest moment the arrival at neighboring ports of these adventurous navigators. Jeff Davis on Responsibility to Con- stituents. The conspicuous part played by Jefferson |. Davis in a dark period of Southern history will cause the public to keep track of him in his old age and melancholy isolation, and we probably gratify curiosity by re- producing from a Mississippi contemporary along political letter written by him last month. It isin substance » stilted decla- mation on the duty of representatives to .obey their constitnents. Knowing no other reason for such an effusion we presume .it 1s intended as an attack on Senator Lamar, who voted on a memorable occasion against the in- structions of the Mississippi Legislature, and whose whole public course has been too liberal and patriotic to please men of | the stamp of Mr. Davis. Senator Lamar cannot be injured by shafts aimed from such a quarter. Every representative naturally desires to stand well with his constituents, but it is his duty to promote their interests even against their opinions. As Burke told his British constituents, a representative must not follow the flash of the day, but such opinions as both he and they must have when mature reason shall have taken the place of passion. It is for the interest of the public to be represented by able men, but men of the highest capacity will not consent to be servile echoes of a mis- guided constituency. Mr. Davis supports himself by the alleged authority of Web- ster, whom he calls ‘‘the statesman who has been called the expounder of the constitution when the wild waves of abolition were beating against it and threatening its subversion.” But he does not correctly state Mr. Webster's position. What Webster actually said was that he would obey such instructions of Massachu- setts as affected only her own interest. “But,” he added, ‘if the question be one which equally affects the interest of all the other States, I shall no more regard her particular wishes and instructions than I should regard the wishes or interests of a man who might appoint me a referee and then instruct me to decide in his favor.” Promises and Pay. We have no desire to discuss the merits of the suit which was brought against the Brooklyn Tabernacle by one of the sub- scribers to the liquidation of the debt of that edifice, but.some of the correspond- ence offered,-in. evidence points a moral which churches should consider.. The pe- culiar method of debt raising which has be- come popular among churches within the past few months hasits merits, but.common reverence demands that this or any other system should be controlled by the highest and most honorable business precedents. For the members of any church to enthu- siastically subseribe the whole amount of the debt encumbering their building ‘is ad- thirable in the extreme, but to arouse en- thusiasm by fictitious methods is insulting to the sentiment which prompts the organ- ization of religious societies and the build- ing of houses of worship. In the language of one of the laymen approached with a well meant but covert proposition for the benefit of Mr. Talmage’s church, ‘‘frankness, earnestness and faith, without deception, will command success.” Nor can ordinary business sentiment approve the custom of rejoicing over liquidated debts when the truth is that nearly all the subscriptions are in the form of promises to pay, and in some cases to pay at dates so far distant as to suggest the chance of a number of fail- ures to receive the subscriptions in full. Let church members work earnestly to re- duce the debts of their societies—a mort- gage is nowhere so unbecoming an ap- pendage as to a house nominally presented to the Lord—but let them never forget that a host of the outsiders tor whose reéemp- tion the religious ure praying have an old- fashioned way of estimating a man’s re- ligion by his personal virtues, among which straightforward honesty deservedly holds a very high place. ‘Well Earned Honors. The gruffest opponent of woman's rights cannot help rejoicing at the appointment of Miss Ida Lewis to the keepership of the Lime Rock light, This lady, whose clear head, stont arms and great heart have res- cued strong men from watery graves has for years been assisting her father and mother, who were successively the keepers of the light ; but her merits fully deserve the spe- cial public recognition conveyed by the ap- pointment and the increased salary attaching to it, No money or fame can compensate a person for risking his life to save that of another, but unselfish deeds of daring are so rare that whatever tokens of appreciation are within the public gift should be heartily and openly bestowed, particularly, when the recipient is of that sex which the civil- ized world by common consent excuses from ont-of-door risks. ‘Through all the years in which her skill and bravery have made her prominent Miss Lewis has been noted for that shrinking modesty that characterizes all true heroes, but neither her own reserve nor her secluded home can save her from the hearty good wishes which the announce- ment of her appointment will call forth from every American home that is visited by @ newspaper. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. Well, Senator-elect Matt Onpeatee is picturesque, anyhow. ‘The Earl of Fife killed seventy-nine woodcocks in one day. General Sherman will start South on his tour of in- spection to-day, A little boy in New Jersey wants to know what Adam's second uame was, Senator Don Cameron is a good treater and is pop- ular among the Senators, The Chicago Tribune bows to Senator-elect Jack Logan, but it cam never, never love him, A daughter of Judge Harlan, of the Supreme Court, ia the most graceful skater in Washington. James Skead, of Ottawa, has been clocted unani- mously president of the Board Trade for the current year. " Norway is the smallest nation of Europe in most respects, but its commerce is such that its fleet is the third largest in the world. Dr. Linderman, Director of the Mint, is sinking slowly. His physicians have no hopes whatever of hisrecovery, but say that he may last a day or two. | + B.W. Thompson, Secretary of the Navy, lectured at Chester, Pa., last night before a very large audi. ence on “Personal Recollections of Adams, Jackson and Clay,” A certain amount of the flowers in the White House couservatory must be sent to various federal officials, 80 that, for instance, # Senator will receive one bou- quet in a week, A lady in Delaware put a quart of dried apples to soak, without thinking of their swelling qualities, and for an hour it was thought that the whole State would be submerged, Senator Conover, of Florida, sat in the Senate for four years'without being known to any one. For @ moment he exhibited his painful littleness to the country and was superseded, On Thursday the honorary degree of LL. D, was con- ferred upon Earl Dufferin by Trinity College, Dublin, ‘The hall of the college was filled by a most distin- guished assemblage and the Earl received a warm welcome. Sir John Astley is backing Weston for a feat of walking on the public roads of England distance of | 2,009 miles in 1,000 hours. Weston will go from Cornwall through Lancashire and Northumber!and to London, not walking on Sundays, and making speeches at each stopping place. This speech making part of the programme is one which might have been omitted, , London World :—By the way, General Grant does not believe in bayonets or sabres, and said to some of our officers that he would not have a bayonct or @ sabre in his axmy if he ever commanded another. ‘The extra weight on the soldier would be better as ammunition orrations, Our oficers did not share these opinions, and believed that the bayonet and sabre had done and would again do good work.” OBITUARY. J.T. WILLIAMS, ‘The flags on the Stock Exchange were at half-mast yesterday on account of the death of J. T. Williams, one of the founders of the Exchange. Mr. Williams was born in this city on the 29th of October, 1817. His father, Jabez Williams, was one of the oldest shipbuilders of this city, and when young Williams came of age he was admitted into partnership, the firm being then known as Jabez Williams & Son. At this time the business of the firm was removed to Greenpoint, and it was one of the first to start ship- building at: that ‘place, In 1850 the deceased retired from’ the peep? business and entered Wall street as a broker. le was one of the original fifty that organized the old Open Board, and on its consol- idation with the present Stock Exchange became a member of the same. Ever since that time he has been in active business on the “street,” and for tho past, three years bought and wold on his own agcount. le has been the witness of a great many panics, but always managed to pass through them unharmed, and leaves behind him a handsome fortune. In the early history of Brooklyn, Mr. Williams was elected » Supervisor, but refused further political advancement. For a short time back he has been complaining of an affec- tion of the liver, and it was this malady which eyen- tually caused his death yesterday morning, at his residence, No. 1,016 Fulton street, Brooklyn. deceased leaves a widow and one son, Mr. John J. Williams, who is in the brass business, being a mem- ber of the firm of Davol & Co. The funeral will take place to-morrow at half-past two P. M., from his late residence. President Ives announced the death of Mr. Williams to his fellow members of the Exchange, and ay pointed the following committee to draft suitable resolutions and to. attend his funeral:—Jemes Mitchell, W. H. Johnson, L. H. Niles, C. Benedict and D. $. Norbury. REV, JAMES FAIRBAIRN, D. D., SCOTTISH THEOLO= GIAN. Rey. Dr. James Fairbairn, minister of the Free Church of Newhaven, Scotland, died there January 3, at the age of seventy-four years, after an illness of several months. Dr. Fairbairn was a cousin of the celebrated engineers, Sir William and Sir Peter Fair. bairn, also of Principal Fairbairn of the University of Glasgow and of the late Rey. Dr. Purves, of Jed- burgh. He was born at Lander, Scotland, December 16, 1804, received a good collegiate education, ‘bes came assistant pastor at Dalkeith, and in January, 1838, was ordained minister of Newhaven, over one of the recently formed territorial churches organized by Dr. Chalmers. The greater part of his co: gation consisted of fishermen and their families, and this fact gave a special imprint to’ his labors, which attracted the attention of Charles Reade, the novelist, when residing in the vicinity. The graphic picture in ‘Christie Johnstone” of a pastor giving consolation to his parishioners after a case of drowning was drawn from Dr. nat Newhaven. He was a genial and cultivated man, sessed great literary taste and formed a fine collec- tion of Shakespeare's editions. He travelled in the East, resided many months in Malta, and gave an in- teresting series of addresses upon those travels, but could not be persuaded to print them, having an aversion to authorship. Dr. Fairbairn was active in many philanthropic und literary associations, and was instrumental in the rebuilding of the fishing fleet at Newhaven upon an improved model furnished = himself. He was identified with the “Free Church” movement, was a supporter of Dr. Bees. in the Union controversy, and, though an ardent theo- logian as well as politician, enjoyed the esteem of his adversaries in both capacities. was never married, ERNEST BILLAUDEL, FRENCH N/VELIST. Ernest Billaudel, a young French novelist and military writer of great promise, died in Paris about the 3d inst., at the Sainte Anne Insane Asylum, where he had been placed some mouths before, his mental faculties having been deranged by excessive labor, He was born at Lille, February 13, 1436, graduated at the military academy of St. Cyr in 1858, was ap- pointed sub-ieutenant of laucers and served in the army until 1864, having meanwhile writsen several romances. On leaving the army he bécame the mil- itary editor of Le Pays, and wrote for that paper and the Constitutione! & number of romantic which opened the way to engagements on more important journals, such ay the Gaulcis and the Opinion Nationale, He was one of the most ace tive writers for the Journal Pour Tous and for the Grand Journal, in the columns of. which appeared his hamorous mili sketches, afterward collected under the title ““The Men of the Sword.” For some ears he edited Le Journal de la Garde Mobile, M. iMaudel was one of the earliest voluntecrs for the war of 1870-71, in which he distinguished himself and received the Cross of the Legion of Honor. After the war he resumed his literary labors with ‘great ardor. Among his writings were the ular novels “Ma Taute Ly: ‘Les Serupules de Chi ine,"* “Une Fomme Fatale, Reliquaire,” “La Chambre d’Ebene,” intoire areuse de deux coups > (1874), “Sons Ja Casque’’ (1876) an imentine Lerambert” (1876). These works proved constant improvement in literary workmanship which bid fair to establish tor him a wide reputation, MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM GREATHED, Major-General William Wilberforce Harris Grea~ thed, C. B., chief engineer of the first class in the Department of Public Works in India, and joint secretary to the Government Irrigation Branch, wha was home on furlough, died in London on Sunday, at the age of fifty-two. He entered the Royal En- gincers in December, 1844, and served in the Punjaud campaign of 1844-49, throughout the operations before ‘Stooltan, at the surrender of the fort and rion of Cheniote, and the battle of Goojerat, was appuinted aside-de-camp to the Governor of the Northwestern Provinces at the outbreak of the Indian Mutiny, and for his services in this capacity was inted a Companion of the Civil Division of ‘ne Bath. He was next appointed extra aide-de-camp to Sir H. Barnard and the successive commanders before Delhi, and served throughout the siege ax director of the left attack, having his horse shot ugder, him in repelling the sortie of the vth July, and being severely wounded at the storming of the city, He was field engineer with Seaton's force at the actions of Gungeree, Puttiatce and Mynpoory, and was a directing engineer throughout the siege and capture of Lucknow. He subsequently served in the China expedition of 1860 as extra aide-de-camp to Sir Robert Napier. JEREMIAH SIMMONS, Jeremiah Simmons, a native of New York, died yess terdaey, in the eighty-seventh year of his age, at hie residence in Newport, BR. 1. The deceased served during the war of 1812 inthe navy, He was in an en- gegement off Block Island, and the veasel on which he ‘was engaged caine to Newport for repairs, In New York, he shipped to go to Havre for aems for the American government. His vessel was captured by an English frigate, and he, with others, was taken and confined in Dartmoor ¥ ay He remained in prison until the signing of the Treaty of Ghent when he was fors warded to Boston, le subsequently served on board of the United States frigate United States, and wan in the Tripoli war, He never received a pension, but was tendered a land warrant for 160 acres of land in recognition of hie services, After hid 1104 removed to Washiagtouy ihe 'hae Yaided ny removed to ae resi in Newport since 1870, ’