The New York Herald Newspaper, January 24, 1879, Page 5

~QUERETARO. |& Maximilian’s Generals Review the Desperate Situation. THE FAILURE OF MARQUEZ RUINS ALL Heroic Defence by the Imperialists and Capture of Republican Artillery. SRVENTY DAYS’ HOPELESS = STRUGGLE. Nocturnal Visit of Gplonel Lopez and His Re- porled Efforts to Save Maximilian A ROYAL SWORD SURRENDERED. Republican Arraignment of an Imperial In- truder and His Way to the Scaffold. AN HISTORIC TRiAL. It is not intended here to follow the progress of the siege of Queretaro, but to lay before the public such leading features of that memorable struggle as are not generally known. The sources of information have been ample and the writer has endeavored to ‘use them to as great advantage as the limits of a newspaper article would admit. They are derived from the official papers of Mr. Juan de Dios Arias, sec- retary to General Escobedo, the captor of Maximilian, from the mouths of some of the foremost public men in Mexico and from the writer's own knowledge of the events treated of. From the 8th of March, 1867, when the siege was established in due form, the situation of the im- perialists became more critical daily, and the action of the republicans correspondingly daring, until finally the staff of the former became convinced that the critical hour for solving the momentous question had arrived, It was absolutely necessary to do some- thing decisive, and to this end Generals Miramon, ‘Mejia, Castillo and Arellano drew up a plan of opcra- tions which, had it been boldly executed as it was ably conceived, would doubtless have enabled the imperialists to break through the besieging lines and make for Mexico, Morelia, or Leon. ‘The document drawn up by these leading imperislists, never before published in English, will be tound worthy of perusal. It says:-— A REMARKADLE IMPERIALIST PAPER. ‘The undersigned gencrals, in compliance with tho supreme resolution of Your Majesty relative to the report which they should submit touching the con- dition of the defence of this place, as well as the ac- tion that should be adopted in presence ot the situa- tion in which the imperial army is placed, after hav- ing conscientiously studied the grave questions just indicated, have the honor to make manifest the fol- lowing suggestions to Your Majest; ‘To form an exact opinion of the state in which we find ourselves to-day and cordially resolve whut is most convenient to do, it is necessary to take a re- trospective glance ut the events which preceded the plan of operations that was traced for the army, 60 that it might face the politico-military situation at the cnd of February and the beginning of March last. The advice of the gencral staf having been had when Your Majesty reached Queretaro, and when the enemy decided to take the initiative swinst our troops, the Juarists effected a concentra ton of their forces without difficulty, a thing which we ought to have prevented at all hazards by defeat- ing them in detail at the time of their approach to Queretaro, When the copareanty, which ‘was presented by the xpertness of the enemy to destroy him in two battles whose results were secure for the imperial arms—battles which ought to have been delivered ist the great frac- tions of the armed torces of the Juarists—and the opposition of General Marquez was tenacious against attacking the enemy, whereby we could have saved ourselves, the actual, difficult and dangerous situa- tion was immediately created, and the imperial army ‘was reduced to detend itself in this place. THE MONARCHISTS IN BQRE STRAITS. Once the policy of remaining on the defensive was in tact adopted, which would bring, as a necessary consequence, the ur of this place, tle first general staiY of the two which Your Majesty had did not oc- cupy itself in any of the preparations indicated by the rules of the art of war for similar cases. Pro- visions and forage were not stored, nor was a fortifi- cation raised, as the defence required. ‘he rich haciendas in the approaches to Queretaro, some of these not five hundred yards trom the city, remained filled with all sorts of grain, facilitating im this way the commodious su! tence of the besieging army, at the same time that the ‘plies was deprived of the principal elements of & long defence, which are provisions and forage. After the general staff of which we are speaking had proceeded in this manner and in cight days acter the Juarist army was sighted, it atiacked this place on the Mth of March with more than 20,000 imen, but was repulsed by the 8,000 of the three arms which then composed our troops. ‘Lhe faults of the general staff caused it to be thought by some on the 20th of March that the situation in which we found ourselves could not be sustained for @ longer time, and weak characters or those easily trightened ventured to propose to Your jesty a re- treat, if this should be necessary, spiking the artilles and abandoning the trains, The indications in this direction went so far as to pretend that Your Majesty should enter ii ® capitulation with the enemy. Your Majes' energy and dignity, your heroic resolution to combat in favor of the national saivation, and your faith in the triumph of a cause which is that of social order and the independence of Mexico, influenced you to submit the matter to the resolution of # council of war, celebrated on the same 20th of March, with ab- solute liberty and without Your Majesty's bei: present while the deliberations lasted. The council resolved to continue the defence of Queretaro with more vigor than it had been conducted up to that time; that the whould be conveniently fortified, acd that establishments for the construction of war audterial should be established, which was vifered to be improvised, and which was done in such man- ner as enabled the army to count upon as much am- duunition as it would need for a long time. MARQUKZ AY LIRUTENANT OF THE EMPIRE. Your Majesty was pleased to approve of the opin- ion of that council ot war, and you deigned to name General Leonardo Marquez Lieutenant of the Em- pire, he being at that time chief of the general stall, ranting him in &. new capacity full powers to work in Mexico. wont there (the capital) from this place in company with General Vidaurri, who had been appointed Secretary of the Treasury aad President ot the Cabinet, leaving here on the 22d of March, escorted by 1,300 horses, with the principal mission of returning to sid Queretaro with the lurgest number of troops that it would be possible tu concentrate, The undersigned chief of the general staff by Your Majesty's will replaced General Marquez. Tho undersigned yeneral-in-chief of the infantry army torps commenced, with the previous authorization ot Your Majesty, to engage the enemy, mak: frequent sorties against the besieging army, which have proved to be so mi triumphs tor the imperial arms, The raids onthe San Juanico road aud on that of Celaya, practised on the 22d and 23d of March, Pg forage and provisions and gained some me for the army. The surprise of the 19th of April of that portion of the troops which cover the line tron! San Gregorio gained a great number of risouers and two mountain howitzers tiken trom wo enetus. The sortie of the 2th ot April the approaches on the weat and cast of the city cost the besiegers a great portion of the Battalion Supremas Poderes, who were taken prisonérs, The attack of the 27th of April against the brilliant positi it the Cimaterio coustitated a complete victory, in which 3,000 men of the im) army defeated seventeen Juurist battalions, whose total force came up to 10,000, taking from them in this glorious deed of arms 21 pieces of artillery, 6v0 isouers, provisions, for- oge, equipments, &e, The sortie of the ist of May jainst the of Calleja and tho toll-gate on the sued to M effected atter the former had been battered in breach by General Arel- lano, resulted in the dis ment of the enemy from that hacienda and in oe in portant losses at the Mexican tollyate. tly, the attuck of the dd of May against the Cerro de San Gre- jorio, which it was necessary to suspend after hav- ig dislod, the enemy trom his positions, on ac- count of the favorable news that was recetved through the Juarist prisoners, news which assured us of the arrival of General ew to succor tho place. All this, Sire, has put a it to the besteger # impetu- Foy o reducing him to @ critical position, in which he has everything to hope for from time, but nothing from the power of his troops. ‘THE REPUBLICANS NARKOWING THE CIRCLE. ‘The Juarist army, on its after being repulsed on the léth of March rem in its positions be sicging Queretaro; but, reinforced by 10,000 addi- tional men, attacked the city on the 24th of the same mouth, bringing some sixteen thousand men into action against our line on the south, Your Majesty saw the valor and onthtsiasm with which our troops rotarned to repulse this formidable push of the be- pieger, Who was dually convinced of his impotence to NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, Queretaro by assault. After the 24th of March the enemy ph himself, as he had done before ate and after the 14th to, a rigorous siege, con- stantly harassing our line with his artillery and in- fantry fives. ‘This line of conduct was not modified until the might of the Sth of May, in which the be- siegers, under the influence of intoxication, attacked Boss were sucegsticaliy repuieca” ey were energetically 5 When, on the 26th of March, General Marques left this place to return im aid of it as soon as bossible, many considered the situation as lost, and among these was the same general himeclf. From that time | until now the firmness and heroic valor of Your jesty, the labors of the general staff in the organ- ion of troops, their payment aud maintenance, the attacks of the General-in-Cnief of the infantry army corps upon the enemy; which, partially de- stroying and wresting from him his provisions and forage, kept up the morale, the discipline, and the en- | thusiaam of the soldier; and the efforts of the director general of the artillery, which have sutliced to-fur- nish during the siege the powder, projectiles, ammu- nition and caps that the army has required—all these united efforts have sustained the situation and neu- tralized the fatal results which the want of prevision of the chief of the general stat!, who was’ at Your jesty’s side, have brought about. When the council of war of the 20th of March de- cided to continue the siege of Queretaro, and when Your Majesty confided to Genera! Marquez the im- portant and ylorious mission of returning to aid the Rnperial army, Your Majesty and that counctl of war justly believed that fifteen or twenty days, at the most, would be sufficient to resolve the grand uestion which we are deciding. It seemed that des- tiny had reserved to General Marquez the grand satisfaction of favorably terminating the dificulties which he himself had created; but, through some highly deplorable fatality, this has not turned out to be the case. ‘ A SEVENTY DAYS’ SIEGE. ‘The imperial army, at whose head the most noble of sovereigns is to be found, has now endured seventy days of siege, and for fifty-four havo been hoping for assistance from General Marquez. ‘This has been done in an_ open town, which was neither opportunely fortified nor provisioned. Besides, it is commant by heights of the first order dominating the greater part of its points, which are occupied by the enemy, whose forces ascend to the number of 30,000 men, while those belonging to us, diminished, first by the 1,800 horse that went to escort General Marques, and afterward by typhoid fever, and the fire of the besieger, have been reduced from 8,000 to 5,000 men, the insignificant number with which we cover 4 line of eight kilometres in length; which, according to the rules of the art, would require an army of 35,000 men for its defence. Audaciously attac! mo the enemy, working without rest in the keeping payment of the troops, extracting nitre from its crude elements, earbonizing wood for the manufacture of powder, melting bells from which to tound projectiles tor the artillery, tearing the roof from the theatre to make musket’ balls, constructing percussion caps from paper, venting guns without ma- chinery, &c.; maintaining the army and the people, first with our horses, and afterward mith the mules of the train, the soldier lacking bread, corn, whest, coffee, spirits and even wood much of the time—this is how the siege of Queretaro has been | rolonged beyond the time marked for its duration by circumstances. But this heroic defence—the first, on account of its nature, of so many that have taken place in our country—had an exclusive object, which has not been accomplished. This was to await the assistance of General Marquez, in whose hands the fate of Your Majesty, of the arwy and of the country was abandoned from the moment in which he received full powers from Your Majesty to save us from the situation which he himself created, FIGHTING AGAINST BIG ODDS. ‘The hess pape yer generais will not now enter upon the grounds of the just charges which we believe could be formulated against the old chief of Your Mujesty’s general staff; history will take care of this ungrateful task; but it is due to the heroism of Your Majesty and that of the army, which has been truit- lessly sacrificed in Queretaro, to make the followin; facts clear in the face of the world:—That, without elements of any kind, when there is no sulphur to manufacture powder, and after the best generals in the army have perished in battle, 5, soldiers to-day sustain themselves in this town atter seventy days, established by 30,000 “men, who can count upon the resources of ali the country. During this long period, titty-four days we have uselessly waited for the assistance of ‘General Marquez, who ought to have returned from Mexico in twenty; and finally, during the defence of Queretaro, the enemy has been frequently attacked by our troops, defeated in his own positions, deprived of more than half of his artillery, repulsed trom our extensive lino of fortifi- cations, which he has never beei able to force, nor even to occupy any of its points. NO HOPES FROM MARQUEZ. ‘The absolute absence of news trom General Mar- quez, who hus not addressed to Your Majesty a sin- gie communication in fitty-four days, while in the meantime some word has been received from Iribar- ren, the Minister of the Interior, has. kept Your Majesty and the army ina horrible doubt from the day in which Gene Marquez went out from this place to Mexico. In presence of the fact that Gen- eral Marquez has not succored Queretaro after a lapse of fitty-four days, and of the declarations of risoners of the enemy, who represent General Eixcques as bein, till in the ‘capital of the Empire, whic! now. an undoubted fact;the moment has arrived for terminating a de- fence which is already materially impossible while the army and the are the pt of the plague of hunger, which, within a tew brief days, will make all its horrors felt, and kill at a single stroke the sufferings of the people and the morals of the sol- diers who are reduced by misery, hunger, and the hardships of the rainy season (which has set in at an unusually early iol), and by all sorts of suffer- ings in which they have existed since the 6th of March last it. Your Majesty and the entire army have a right to the prideful satisfaction of having placed the na- tonal honor and arma in ® very high position, giving to the world wn example of uncommon heroism, which is capable of the boldest enterprises when a” truly patriotic energy and will direct it. The im- mense responsibility of the dire consequences which are about wo precipitate themselves upon Mexico are entirely unconnected with Your jesty and with your valiant and suffering army. HONOBABLE CAPITULATION OR DEATH. At the juncture in which we find the military ques- tion now debated, the undersigned would propose to Your Majesty its resolution by writag- on @ capitula- tion with the enemy; 4 legitimate and honbrable termination in such cases, established by humanity and sanctioned by the laws of natioas among all civilized people. But this is not possible when the struggle is with a savage enemy, without good faith and without honor, whose principle it is to violate cupitulations entered into, as was done in Puebla, Guadaiajara and Colima; who assassinate their pris- oners in the darkness of the night with- out rospecting their wounds, and who raise bloody hecatombs with the vanquished as they did at Tepetates. In so hard an extremity the under- signed t believe that they fulfil a duty to thelr con- science, and as soldiers, in saying to Your Majesty that your elevated character as Sovereign, and our rank as generals, impose a last duty, which will also be a costly and heroic sacrifice. It is to at once attack the enemy until he be completely vanquished, de feating him at all points of his line, If the imperial troops should be repulsed in this attack. to immedi- ately evacuate the place, first destroying the artillery and all the trains, and then forcing the siege at all hazards as the only means of saving the largest possi- ble number of soldiers of the imperial army from the barbarity of the enemy. Such is, Sire, the conscientious opinion of tho undersigned generals, and which y subinit to Your Majesty's sovereign will, protesting that, in any event, they are disposed to sacrifice themselves at the head of their troops to comply with Your Majesty's orders, 100 LATE TO KAVE THY MONARCHISTS. As Sefior Arias writes, it was now too late. This memorable report revealed to the Archduke the de- plorable fact that all was loxt, and he thought of sav- ing himself, He had a confidential friend in the person of Colonel Don Miguel Lopez, whose name has been coupled with the black- est treason and direst ingratitude that it is possible to conceive—the alleged crime of selling to the republicans the entry into Queretaro for 1,000 ounces of gold; and although General Escobedo, as wollas President Juarez and his Cabinet, including Sefior Lerdo do Tejada, have declared Colonel Lopez not guilty of the charge, it would be difficult even now to find any one outside of his own circle of acquaint- ances who believes him innocent. Lopez, who became a favorite with Maximilian, was consequently much disliked by his fellow officers, even by those of far higher rank than himeeif, ‘THE FATAL MISSION OF LOPEZ. From the papers of Sefior Arias it appears that Maximilian confided to Lopes tho mission of passing over to Escobedo for the purpose of asking the concession of allowing the defeated Prince to leave the town with an escort of a single squadron, undor the solemn promise that the troops should serve only a# an escort until some point on the Gulf coast could be reached, where the Archduke might embark and nevor again return to the Republic. On the night of the 14th of May Lopez obtained an interview with General Excobedo by means of a secret agent. Upon ival at the tent of the General, who is credited with having declined overtures for the betrayal of the city on the = of some foreign officers, the imperial agent made known the nature of his mission. Gen- eral Escobedo orders repeated and ex- press to enter no capitulation, nor to make even the smallest concession, ‘The govern- ment was pirgees tor the inevitablo result and Lad determined that there and then tho most feared lead- ers of the tinperialists should be crushed, The Gon- cral-in-Chief was, therefore, obliged to absolutely deny the request of Maximilian, Lopez, who had not asked for any tees on his own account, implored Escobedo in the most fervent manner that he would give oven @ vague promise of some guaran- teo in favor of Maximilian, who had reposed confidence in him. bt tag | to himself his companions in arms, panic stricken by the disaj nee of their {m- porial chief, uselessly secrt themscives without a guide or a flag, he made heart-rending js to the republican commander to t suc a course as would obviate new difficulties. bedo refused to concede anything becaure ho had no per- mission to do otherwise, and Lopez, with « thousand warring sentiments in his breast, overcome by the lnssitude which takes possession of a man who has Jost hie last hope, returned to | vise his master of the imminent terrible bosoin of the Prince when this stern refusul reached him, for he heard it with apparent calmness, but gave no outward signs of feeling. Perhaps he hoped for a more opportune hour to give expression to his | | Wishes, but he showed no interest in hae geen any- thing anew, nor in the execution of above plan which his generals had submitted to him that very day. 13 WAS IT TREASON, OR A DIRE DESTINY? ‘Thinking that Maximilian might try to escape, Escobedo redoubled his vigilance and prepared tor the assault. Janes the Archduke’s agent, who com- manded the position of the Convento de ia Cruz, felt deoply disheartened by the resolution of the Prince, who had thought only of his own personal salvation, according to Sefior Arias, without taking cave al the fate that might befall those who had foliowed his banner and defended his cause. concerned defence and resistance were considered as at an end, It was about eleven o'clock the same eventful pat of the 14th of May when General Escobedo had dictated his orders to take possession of the Convento de la Cruz, where the diminished garrison of Lopez lay, and also to deliver a general assault on the following morning, when General Francisco Velez was charged with the delicate duty of taking the convent with the two crack battalions, ‘Supremo Poderes” and *‘Nuevo-Leon.” He organized his troops in such manner as not to be seen by the enemy, and followed by General Feliciano Chavarria and Colonels José Rincon and Augustin Lozauo, with two or three other superior officers, advanced with the greatest silence to seek a practicable road. With noiseless step they were able to reach an old embrasure without encountering any obsta- cle. Here they found a tired sentinel who was sur- L poy and captured. Velez made Colonel Yepes and jieutenant Colonel Margain advance with their bat- talions, und also the Commandant General of Artil- lery Francisco Puz to cover the convent garden, which was already almost in his power. While these approached, Velez and bis comrades advanced to recon- noitre the garden, Colonel Lopez, who guarded it, pied a his rounds found himself suddenly con- fronted by the republican chiefs, who threatened him with death if he should make the least movement. Velez, with his pistol pointed at the head of the sur- prised iny fist, obliged him to conduct them by a safe road to the interior of the convent. The trans- action was a matter of moments. Resistance was | useless; and Lopez, tortured by the idea that Maxi- milian was about to fall prisoner, appears to have beon desirous of doing anything they might require for the purpose of obtaining an opportunity to ad- ger Which sur- rounded him. CAPTURE OF THE FALLEN EMPEROR. ‘The defenders of the Convento de la Cruz and the Prince himself were steeped in the profoundest sleep when thus the slim garrisons of the different fortified points of the convent were successively surprised and captured, Owing to the manner in which the attention of the successful republican chiefs became distracted by the rapidly multiplying changes of the scene, Lopez was able to have the news of Moximilian’s immediate danger reach him, He could still have made a detence, as there was at least one trusted battalion that slept in the cloisters where he was quartered; but, according to Sefior Arias, he and his generals must have been under a Lerner 4 influence, because atter losing time during whi- | they might have been captured, they at last went out in the midst of the confusion, which was now gen- eral, and were able to pase out under the cuise of cit- izens, without knowing whither to direct their steps. Lopez, who had given his word of honor as a pris- oner, perceiving the favorable circumstances for tho Archduke’s escape, furnished him with a horse in order that he might the better elude the vigilant re- publicans. At this transcendent moment the attention of some of those around was called to the person of Maximil- ian, who was about to leave, when Colonel Rincon said:— “There goes Maximilian.” General Velez, to whom this obscrvation was ad- dressed, turned quickly round to his comrade and commanded :— “Hold your tongue; it is but a citizen who has been in the troops’ quarters.” Colonei Rincon and the small group of ofiicers who were on the spot with General Velez felt convinced that the retreating figure was that of the so-called Emperor, but perceiving that there must bea reason for the order given to Colonel Rincon, they made no further remarks, This hitherto generally unknown incident has been variously interpreted; but the truth of the matter is that Velez had instructious to act as he did, and had Maximilian succeeded in gecmping at that moment tho overnment would neither have been suprised nor isappointed. Instead, however, of profiting by the few precious minutes at his disposal, he vacillated some moments and then mounted the horse that was offered to him, giving orders to Colonel Lopez, whom he still thought to bea free agent, to the effect that such portion of the troops as had not been captured should march in all haste to the Cerro de las Campa- nas; to which fatal spot he went himself without THE DOOMED CITY ENTERED. y Having taken possession of the Convento de la Cruz the assaulting forces ot Velez were speedily reinforced by those of the rexerve, and the republi- cans penetrated to the plaza and to the Convent of Sau Francisco, whose brazen tongued bells now rang out onthe night airthe knell of an infant empire and the fate or a royal personage, the brother ot an emperor and the of princes. The hour had now arrived when the besieging forces, leaving their lines, advanced to the general assault in serried masses and with # fearful determination in their looks, but the dotenders of the first line of the fortified perimeter of the city, among whom the news that the republi- cans had forced the defences and taken them in rear began to circulate, gave way at all points and re- treated to the centre of the city. General Miramon, who became alarmed at the sound of repeated cannon shots, lett his quarters aud made for the principal plaza; but in that of San Francisco he was met by the advancing republicans and at once opened fire upon from his revolver, which he continued to use until a trap bullet wounded him in the face, when he hastily retreated in est of a surgeon. He was soon afterward accidentally discovered and con- ducted to prison. MAXIMILIAN CAPTURED. The principal streets and avenues of the town wero in possession of the republicans by daybreak, and the imperial battalions cooped up in the intervals, finding themselves surrounded by enemies, either disbanded or were taken prisoners. Some of them directed their march to Cerro de las Campauas, where Maximilian, fully aware of the contusion among his troops and the catastrophe to his cause, had taken retuge. He saw around him groups of dis- organized troops who were unable to oifer au efiective resistance to tne besiogers, who now ad- vanced from all parts and were surrounding the Cerro in a circle of iron and fire. Maximilian, who felt convinced that all was now over, hoisted a white flag—so Escobedo’s secretary says—gave orders to cease firing and to sound a parley, sending, dt the same time, two or three of his aidos to seck the republiean General-in-Chicf and adv: him of his surrender. Theso officers were first conducted to Generals Ramon Corona and Aureliano Rivera, who, when they iearned the mission of the flag of truce, Fn orders to sound cease firing and sent word of the surrender to General Escobedo, who, at the time, was on his rounds along another part of the line. Before the General-in-Chief was found an imperialist force, which was posted at the foot ot the Cerro, approached in a peaceful attitude to where General Corona was, and one of the officers came up to tell him that Maximilian wanted to s; with him. Corons and his staff moved in the lon indi- cated and went to where the Archduke was waiting him. According to Escobedo’s secretary Max- lian at once to Corona that he was not then mperor, having abdicated that title in the presence of his Council of State in Mexico. The republican chief replied that he could not then enter into any discussion about the title of Emperor; but he as- sured the Prince and those who were with him that they would be protected from molestation pending the Ei arrival of the General-in-Chief. A few moments after- ward General Escobedo, accompanied by a numerous staff, rode up. Maximilian advanced to receive him, and, after a grave but courteous exchange of salutes, said that he wanted to speak privately with the Gen- eral. Escobedo went apart from his following to hear what his illustrious prisoner had to say. Sone matter was most serious. The Archduke made tho same proposal that had been advanced by Colonel Lopes, The Prince —_ “Will you permit me to march, accompanied by an escort, to a point on the coast where I may embark for Europe, with the promise which 1 will make on my word of honor to not return to Mexico ?” bscohedo, arrayed in the simple undress uniforth ot the republican army, adjusted his gold-bowed spectacigs, surveyed the fale: Emperor with visible signs of admiration and sympathy tor his misfor- tunes, then, beating his bootleg with a not very clogant riding whip, said, deliberately, sontentiously and calmly :— | is not permitted for me to concede what you ask.’ A dark shade, as if the shadow of the grave— though he did not know it—passed over the frank, haudsome, but not firm features of Maximilian, and he replied :— “Seeing that this is the case I hope you will not permit me to be ill treated, and that you will treat me with the considerations due to a prisoner of war.” Escobedo contented himself with remarking, “You are my his risoner,”’ whereupon the Prince wnbelted ord and of it to General Escobedo, who red his chiet of staff to receive it. us terminated the attempt to establish an em- pire in Mexico, and with it the careor of a brave sol- dior but a mistaken prince. THE ARRAIGNMENT OF MAXIMILIAN, In accordance with the law of the 26th of Janu 1862, which was passed by the Mexican Congress imore than two years before the advent of Maximilian, and which imposed the death penalty upon those takon in arms as disturbers of the public peace, General Escobedo could at once have ordered the in- stant execution of the Archduke; and thongh he felt that his prisoner must die he believed it due to the Prince, to M aud the civilized world that he should have @ fi and be allowed every priv- flee in the way of counsel, us well as all comforts durmg his imprisonment in the old Capuchin co: vent. The real crime of Maximilian was that of usurpation; but the constitution of Mexico con- tained no clause under that head, nor was thore law to punish usurpers, and to pass one covering the case of Maximilian after he felt would have been to try him. upon the merits of an ee post Jacto enactment. Boxides this the government ‘and the people looked upon his ephemeral power as an emanation from the French invasion and the Chureh party, against whom the law of January, 1863, hed bean directed, and therefore the government ordered his trial under ite provisions. 6 law pro- vided that persons coming Under its operation should be tried by an ordinary court martial, composed of ® Geld aud six live ollicers; and therefore aristo- | | tay. |, struck: with emezement, to see that @ nation of radical republicans hac no more respect for royalty than to try an Archdake and the brother of an Ewperor by an ordinary court martial, But so it was, Although General Marquez had been beaten by General Diaz at Puebla, loa that important city; andalthough he heard that ximilian was @ pris- oner, he still held out in the city of Mexico; but after a brief resistance to the republicans, who were now strongly reinforced by Escobedo, he was obliged to give way before the national will, and with tne br ina nae the capital the Republic was once more THE ORDER YOR MAXIMILIAN’S TRIAL, The order to try Maximilian by the law of January 25, 1882, was issued by the Juarez government over the signature of General Ignacio Mejia on the 21st of June, 1567, It was addressed to General Escobedo, and ran as follows :— ‘The city of Queret arms, you have com 400 chiefs aud officer among th been styled Emperor of Mex! Before dictating any ing boon oceapted by a dead of od tive fact {Hat 84000 soldiers were there taken prison lian, of Hapsburg, w 0, ion asto the the nid resolutis vernment desired to deliberate with that inure which correspond to the xravity of the circ prisoners jim stances. It has laid aside tae sentiments that might be spired by a prolonzed war, wishing only isten to the volée of its high duties toward the Mex! wuple. Tt has thought not only of tho justice with which the laws J, but also of the necessity which there is to {ae meditated as to w y wit ity for securing peace. assuring the rights an guarding} 5 loxitiinate all the future of the ublie. Aftor Mexico had suffered u civil war of fifty yours’ dura- tion; when tho poople had at last obtained a respect for the laws'and the constitution of the country; when some cor- rupt |, who to satisfy crificed all national quillity Will of the poople a who wished to suitocate it—then the most spurious ré of the vanquished classes appealed to the foreigner, hoping with his assistance to satiate their cupidity and their ven- eance. ‘They went to work jon and the stupidity of « foreign monarch, and they, prosented them- selves in the Republic iniquitously associated with foreign intervention und with treason, Tho Archduke Maximilian lent himself to be the principal instrument of this work of infquity, whieh for five yoars has Hicted the Republic with all sorts of erimes and ever; of enlamities. Heeame to oppress 4 people, rien ing to destroy their constitution their luws without more title than some votes devoid of all value, as they wero forced out by the presence and the strength of foreign hay- onets, He has voluntarily contracted the gravest respon- sibilities, which ure condemned by the laws of all nations, and which are provided for by various pro-oxtat ws of the Republic, the last of these boing that of the 26th of January, 1863, sanctioned to punish crimes a; the in- dependence and the socurity of the nation, tt rights of nations, against individual guuvantecs and against public pe and order, MPRISED IN THE LAW. imilian’s conduct comprise the nices specitied by the law. it himself to servo as ai instrument of a foreign intervention, but also to make on his own account a fiibustering war by bringing into the struggle other forvignors, such as Austrians aud Belgians, the subjects of nations that were not at war with publ He iried to subvert forever the political institutions and the government which the nation had freely chosen, pre- tending to abrogate the suprome power, without 101 than the votes of some persons named’ and delegated by the foreign invader or acting under pressure of the pres- ence and throats of foreign forces, Without any other right or title save that of force he ais- posed of the lives, properties aud interests of the Mexi- cans. He promulzated a decree containin; tions to axsassinate Mexicans who defended, or even d not denounce those who defended, the independence and of their country. tration of very numerous executions at harbarous decree, and began to en of distinguished Mexican patriots, apposed that they knew of its pro barbarous preserip: m force it_ou the per even before it eould Ho ordered that his own soldiers, or consented under the ve title of chief of the nution that the foreign inyader paid burn r y entire towns in all the Mexi- n territory, especially in the States of Michaocan, Sina- Coahuila, Chihuahua and Nuevo Leon, ordered that his own agents, or consented that for- eign agents should assassinate many thousands of Mexi- cans to whom the crime of defending their country was im- put W Power rotired him, he still If by some mon who were most inal in the civil war, emplo; all the means of vio- and depredation, of death desolation, his false title to the last moment; and of which he had not Attompted to deprive himself until brute force and violence obliged him to lay it down. MIKAMON AND SHILA INCLUDE hen the armies of the invading forei and he saw the whole Republic risen agai wished to surround him ¢ Tent Among the men who have endeavored to sustain him till the last’ instant, aspiring to consummate all the con ences of their’ treason to the country, Generals Don Higual Miramon and Don Tomas Mejia figure cipal leaders wlio ¥ ct as the prin- e Leon in Queretaro as Generale-in- 1's AFMY Corps, 28 of the law cited provides that the penalty ilicted on culprits eaught in flayrante delicto oF in any action in war, upon identification of person. ‘Asin the present both circumstances concur, the notoriety of the facts wre slone sufficient to justify’ pro- ceoding’s in accordauce with the provisions of that article 0 uw. otwithstanding, ample facilities so as t the proceedings in thi . tho triul ordered by the same law this way the defeuce may be heard whic to make, and that the sentence corresponding to justice may be pronoun nt of the Republic has, therefore, determined that you order forthwith the trial of Fernando Maximilian, of Huapsburg, and his so-called Generals Don Miguel Mira: mon and Don Tomas Mojia, proceeding in tho ease in entire accordance with the sixth to the eleventh articles, inclu- sive, of the law of the 25th of January, 1862, which relate to tho form of judicial proceodings, With respect to the other chiefs, officers and function- aries apprehended in Queretaro, you will be ploased to send the Kovernment a list of them, specify’ positions whieh they had among the enenr ‘ever corresponds to their respective cases, a circumstances, inay be resolved upon. MAXIMILIAN NAMES HIS TITLES. Such was the republican arraignment of the royal prisoner, and in signing it the Mexican Minister of War had as irrevocably fixed the fate of the defeated Prince as when he put his name to the death war- rant. The court martial, consisting of six captains and one field officer, empowe to take cog- nizance of the case, was named without de- It consisted of Lieutenant Colonel Rafael Piaton Sauchez, president, and Captains Ignacio Jurado, Erhilio Lejero, José V, Ramirez, Juan Rueda i Auza and José C, Verastegui. Lieutenant Colonel anuel Asperoz, aide to Escobedo, was appointed a Judge Advocate and Counsellor Joaquin Escoto assessor, or military judge, All of these officers were, comparatively speaking, very young men, the oldest hardly exceeding thirty, and the youngest twenty years of age, or leas. The government, though inflexibly resolved upon the death of the Prince, desired to go through every jorm of law applicable by the act under which he was tried, It was determined to make the proceed- ings cover a month's time, and then to let the law take its course, But if it should have happened—a thing quite out of the question—that the Court ac- quitted Maximilian, there is authority as high almost as Juarez himself for saying that the ex-Kmperor would have been escorted to the coast and allowed to embark. The government would have respected an acquittal, but it took good care that there should be none to give effect to. ‘The trial commenced on the 24th of May, 1367, just nine days after the capture of Queretaro and six be- fore Maximilian’s lieutenant, Generad Marquez, gave up the keys of the capital of the Republic. In his first declaration Maximilian described himself to be dernando Maximilian Joseph, born in the Palace of Schonbrun, near Vienna, on the 6th of July, 132; Archduke of Austria, Prince of Hungary and Bo- hemia, Count of Hapsburg, Prince of Lorraign and late titulor Emperor of Mexico under the name of Maximilian, e was tried in the old Capuchin Con- vent, and hardly ever left his cell pending the pro- ceedings. A ROBBERS’ RAID. THREE HOUSES VISITED AND A WHOLE FAMILY CHLOROFORMED—THE THIEVES ESCAPE UN- MOLESTED, There is considerable excitement in Springficla, L. L, over the events of Wednesday night last, when a gang of thieves paid the place a visit, and, after breaking into three houses and rifling them, made good their escape. ‘They first broke into the Southern Railroad depot, and stole therefrom two banjos, two hats and an overcoat belonging to the agent. They also appropriated an iron bar and @ long chisel, which served as @ yjimmy.” They next visited the store of Charles Smith, and, notwithstanding the door was bolted with an iron bar, they forced it open. In the store is the Post Office. Tho thieves appropriated about $40 worth of postage stamps and $50 worth of cigars. CHLOROFORM USED. From the store they went to the residence of Mr. Smith, forced open the kitchen window and entered the house. They unlocked and opened all the doors, so as to make escape casy, In the dining room they found ® child’s baak ‘containing €5° in silver, which they took, Ascending to the second story they ontered the room where Mr. Smith, his wife and two children were sleeping, and chioroformed them all. They ransacked every room, closet and bureau in the house, In Mr. Sintth’s room they found a quantity of clothing, from which they made selections and dressed theniselves, leaving their own clothing on the floor, even to their boots and stockings. Mr, Smith's trou pocket contained only $12. He had beon in the habit of keeping his money in a box under his bed, but on Tuesday night he secreted the money in anew place, and luckily, as the thieves dragged the box from under the bed rifled it, On Monday night it contained 1 $400. Six Weeks ago the store was robbed, but hieves made no attempt to enter the house, where $800 was stowed away under the bed, They carciod uvery article of clothing belonging ‘to the metubers of the family to the yard, whore they sted the best and escaped. Mr. Smith says he heard # noise, but could not rouse hintself suih- ciently to get up for some time, and when he did he was in He found all the lights out and the hin every part of the house. When hi ms the ae he heard a stir and @ voice »! come!” A PREDICAMENT, In a few minutes the cold air had revived him, and he took in the situation. He could: not tind clothes enough ta his room to cover him, so taking his pistol went back to the kitchen, aud there found an old pair ot shoes. Going into the yard he found articles of clothing scattered about, and some pieces of linen. ‘hese he gathered up from them dressed him- sell. His lose is about $350. The boots left by the thieves indicate that there was a very sinall man and a lame man among them. It in thought, trom the patches on one boot, that the wearer came from the County Poorhouse on Barnum Island, There is no positive clew, Search in tho houses of several suspected persons failed to reveal any thing, JANUARY 24, 1879.-TRIPLE SHEE7. ive. No one knows what passed in the | cratic and monarchical Europe was horrified, ANOTHER CHARITY SWINDLE sotvtiiderelinadl How a Peculiar Association Cares for Widows and Orphans. UNPARALLELED PHILANTHROPY. What a State Commissioner of Charity | Has Ts Say About It. | A letter was sent to the Hrratp oftice asking for a | notice of a new institution, non-sectarian and for the | benefit of all. The epistle was signed by Mrs. ©. | Pullman, one of the managers of the concern, which is located at No. 5 Winthrop place, opposite Dr. Deems’ chapel. The style and title of this institution is ‘The Widows and Orphans’ Benevolent Association of New York, Brooklyn and Jersey City,” and as becometh a charity for such a cause its apartments | are exceedingly modest and furniture ditto. A safe, & sofa, table, two or three desks and a few chairs constitute the outtit of this assoviation, which pro- poses to take care of the widows and orphans of | three cities containing two millions of people. The institution seems to be run mainly in the interest of three women and one man, who were found at the place named yesterday by the Heraup representative who was sent to investigate. Mrs. Pullman, who took interest enough in the association to ask for the Henanp's aid in making it known, had not a word to say in its behalf, but reterred the writer to Mr. E. R. Taylor, who calls himself “secretary and manager.” Mr. ‘Laylor, ac- cording to his own showing, is a very disinterested individual. Indeed, he ought to be much more ap- preciated than he is. In the first place, he is # man of great experience in the conduct of charitable insti- tutions, having for many years been associated with the Brooklyn Relief Fund and Columbia Mission. He isaresident of the “City of Churches” and the son-in-law of a clergyman, but he comes over to New York every day out of pure benevolence to look after the interests of the widows and orphans of three cities. He is a journalist also, as his cards and cir- culars indicate; is a special correspondent of Chicago, Philadelphia and Boston papers, a contributor to local papers in the three cities named, an advertising agent, &c., &c., and yet the benevolence of his heart prompts him to make all these things secondary to the care of widows and orphans in New York, Brook- lyn and Jersey City. WHY SUCH DISINTERESTEDNESS? But he does this in part because the late Dr. Muhlenberg, founder of St. Luke’s Hospital, and the late Dr. Ogilby, of Trinity parish, were of “the opinion that a practical system of providing for the respectable needy by personal visitation was a want that had never been supplied in the metropolitan districts of our large cities. Dr. Muhlenberg strongly recommended that some effort be made in this direc- tion, and many eminent clergymen and members of the different churches have felt confident that more good can be done in this way to reach this class than any other yet devised.” Mr. Taylor’s large experi- ence in ‘Brooklyn among the poor satisfied him that a large nuinber of respectable fam- ilies in the three cities who would never send or seek aid from charitable institutions often pawn their clothing and household goods to procure small amounts of money with which to purchase food. Mr. ‘Taylor and his lady assistants will seck out all such persons and aid them. The association was organized in 1876, and last year, from its headquar. ters in Park row, its secretary and manager about four hundred widows and children ona tree excursion to Rockaway and back. The circulars of the concern are full of extracts from nearly all the local papers of the three cities, aud contain only ful- some praise of the institution. One of the circnlars says it was “originated by the late Dr. Muhlenberg, founder of St. Luke’s Hospital,” and all of them convey the impression that that godly man had bad something to do with the concern. On the very face of it this indicates fraud, and when this use of Dr. Muhlenberg’s name was objected to as manifestly deceptive Mr. Taylor turned it off by charging it to a newspaper par- agraph, which he did not deem it necessury to cor- rect. But he failed to add that he was the author of the paragraph as well as of the circular which gives currency to the lie. And the only advantage person- ally that Mr. Taylor derives from the institution to which he devotes so much time and labor and care is desk room free in the association office. His cor- respondence must be large. He showed the writer what purported to be letters from Colorado, Nevada and other distant places asking for information about bogus business firms here, and for boys and girls for adoption and widows to perform various works of service in families. ‘The Widows and Orphans’ Benevolent Association, E. R. Taylor, secretary and manager,” pays the expenses of such persons out to those distant regions, feedsand clothes such as need it here, cures for the sick and pays medicine and doc- tors’ bills, gives free meals at its headquarters to the hungry, sends homeless girls across the street to the Midnight Mission, and thus heips on the good work. But such an amount of effort must cost a large eum of money? Not at all, The association is ex- | ceedingly economical toward its beneficiaries. The secretary and manager showed the writer his book, evidently the only one to be seen as representing | the concern, and it showed that Mrs. A., with five children, receives $2 a week; Mrs. B., with threo children, $1 50 a week, and so on. And according to the last annual report, which for lack of funds the association has not yet printed, 286 beneficiarios were thus helped in their homes in New York, Brooklyn and Jersey City, ‘in the association’s headquarters with food, cloth and medical attendance, pay- ment of rent and transportation to the t for some, and all for the trifle of $918 86. Why, the amount ought to have been $19,000 instead of $900, and would have been were less economical managers: at the Lend of it. Reports come to this office, how- ever, that the association has a great-auany solicitors out, and that much more money comes litothe con- cern than gocs out to the poor widows and orphans. Mrs. Jeaunette Lewis is the visitor of the associa- tion, but in reply to @ remark about the labor and distance to be travelled by oue person Mr. Taylor added that all the lady managers visited as well. | THE ASSOCIATION BEFORE THE STATE BOARD OF CHARI- | TIES. In confirmation of the foregoing the following re- port was presented to the State Board of Charitios at its meeting in Albany, on the 16th inst., by one of the Commissioners for the city of New York, Mrs. Josephine 8. Lowell. It was made after two or three visits by the commissioner and ineffectual efforts to yet any account of receipts or any report of the re- puted treasurer, Mr. Kendall. The presont treasurer is W. L, Lewis, but there is only one official book in the ussociation’s headquarters, and Mr. Taylor has gole charge of that. The report will speak for itself :— renin: Was called to a society supposed to be frandulousiy | “The Widows and Orphans’ Aid at No. & Winthrop place, and | nee preeinet |, the state we sovioty was called Association.” issued circulars 1 «that it was vf the society and nid asked to see his 5 there was a list of provisions and other contributions had boon received, a short financial #tatemont and helped during the winter wed, no books, no minutes of ould give me appears ot the pant six eting no information. the circulars, had, ho suid. the and Dr. John Hh he president, G. A, Greene, 1 ; cretury, B. Rt. Taylor, were among the incor. . but the Aames of the ineor slightly wed) appear among those of the diree f the society in one of the cireal vit Lewis, nor ry eaid there Addrestes he did wot know, one ‘and tho janitross. The latter lived at throp plice, received the provisions coutributed aud n out At her the beueticiarios 0 on Ww whose Avo the The secre nhurg foun eo sociaty ; it was alla mistake o ens. A few days afior my Visit to the office of the soviety the secretary the visitor and. Ji 8 to my howee. Bach brought @ little book with her name written on the cover whieh pu ely a record of visits made for the beeasion. Nayainber 20 1 revolved the following “cony x special, mocting of the truste of mine the Wid- said articles of proper der of the fill consent of t KT beinded. By ot Notwithatanding th 5 the change was made because of her adverse opinion of the eoncern aud for the purpose of imposing stiil further upon the public by an old swindle uuder a new name. The patrons of the institution in- elude the names of Thurlow Weed, © Brothers, R. Cornell White, Rogers, Peet & Co., Wheeler & Wil- sov and many others equally well known, and prob- ably without their knowledge or consent. “ALWAYS WITH YOU.” CASES OF DISTRESS THAT APPEAL TO THE PUB- LIC FOR RELIEF—CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE Poor. The following eases of distress have been investi- gated aud found worthy of relief:— Among the cases of want published in Sunday’s HenALD a family of seven, at No. 121 Norfolk street, were mentioned. It should have read a family of four, at the above number, in the rear, on the first floor. They are in great want. In the rear of No, 239 Henry street, second floor, in a family of six are iu distress. The father and one of the children (an infant of seven weeks) are ill. A family of three, consisting of a very aged woman and a widow with her little girl, are in extreme poverty at No. 483 Monroe sireet, back basement, On the third floor, frout room, of No, 426 West ixteenti: street, a man and his wife aud their two children are nearly starving. They have but scanty clothing aud very little bedding, and that of the aost miserable description. The man has been out of employment for some time. In room No. 12, of No. 113 avenue A,a German widow, her child and her aged grandmother are in great distress. At No, 237 Monroe street, rear house, second floor, a family of five are in necd of assistance. ‘An aged couple and their orphaned grandchild are it need of assistance at No. 17 Sullivan street, nd floor, back room, ‘There is a case of great destitution at No, 413 West Thirty-uinth street, second tloor, back room. A Vrouchinan and his wife and their two youn children need immediate assistance at No. 1 West Third street, top floor. At No. 334 East Thirty-fourth street, second floor, a pg his wife and five children need food and cloth- ng. In a basement room of No. 18 Monroe street a family are in need of assistans ‘Three little children almost daily lack the neces- saries of lite at No, 526 West Thirty-ninth street. Their father can get no work and their mother is sick and unable to do anything for them. Word was brought to the Sixteenth precinet police atation day before yesterday that a poverty stricken family were suffering from want and disease in @ rear tenement house iu Ninetcenth street. It was Dr. Denslow, of West Twenty-third street, who made the report. He said that he had been summoned to attend a sick man, and had found on the third story of the house, utterly destitute of means and without the bare necessaries of lite, a car conductor, Peter Rooney by name, surrounded by his wife and five children. The man was suffering from an affection of the lungs, and the Doctor believing that unless he had better treatment he must succumb repatred to the station house to bring the case to official notice. Sergeant Blair, who was at the desk, sent the particulars to Bellevue Hospital, and an ambu- lance was despatched to No. 240 West Nineteenth strect. There wu painful scene ensued. The family, in spite of their poverty, shrunk from parting with the husband and father whose helplessness entered him all the more, and they objected to any interfer- ence on the part of otticials. Mrs, Rooney, in partic- opposed the removal of the sick man to a chari- table institution, ‘and said that while she had life and strength no other hands than hers would tend her husband. The result was that the ambulance had leave, and the Rooney family reconciled themselves to their poverty by retaining in their midst the man they looked to for protection and support. CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED. The following contributions have been received at the HeRacp office K.," for general fund, 35; ” tor No. 286 Greenwich strect, $2; “Anony1- i5e.; “FE. E.,” for No. 150 for general fund, chi street, $2 E.,” tor No, 18 Cornelia street, $2; “Now Orleans,” for No. 404 East Eighteenth street, $1. Total, $12 75. COAL FOR THE POOR. The following complaint was recently received at the Henaup office from “A gratuitous visitor of the poor of the Fourth ward for the last two years:""— more than two weeks sinco our very efficient Super- ut of the Poor, Mr. Bluke, placed in the hands of ervices are given gratis) tickets for given to the deserving poor. ome yot, although we are now in the latter part of January. Tf the Commissioners had acted promptly and sent their orders to respectable coal murchants in the sev- eral wards the poor would have been aitended to promptly and the weight ot coal insured. Instead of xo doing the Commissioners contracted to have the coal delivered froia durges. ought to have known how the lee jams up the plers at this seuson of the year, This would-be econ- omy falls with vengeance on the poor, Pleaye, Mr. Editor, lot tho Commissioners understand that their conduct in this coal business is cruel. A Henawp reporter called upon Mr. Blake st the office of the Department of Charities and Correction, corner of Third avenue and Eleventh Street, to make inquiries about the matter. Mr. Blake admitted * that the substance of the letter was correct, but said that uo case of extreme suffering had been allowed to go unprovided for. The Commissioners were pre- vented by their charter from ordering any coal until atter the lst of January, and were obliged to pur- chase the coal by contract in large lots. The Super- intendent thought it might be better for the poorand for all parties if coal merchants in the different wards could supply the poor directly, but the Legis- lature had decreed that it should be done by contract to the lowest bidder The contract this year was made on the 14th in not more than a day or two, it at all, later than usual. Since Thursday, the 16th, the department had been delivering coal by lighter from Jersey City, bringing it to the nearest point on the New York shore to the district lieved. No case where there was ness was allowed to go unattended to. tended to be re- uffering or sick- In the latter part of December some families were sup- plied, and in the beginning of Januar; me extreme cases of want were relieved. The coal for this pu had remained over from last year in Bellevue Hospital yard, and after it gave out ‘the Commissioners bouglit more from private dealers with the surplus funds, The poor were not allowed to suffer. The lot of coal contracted for amounted to 3,000 tons, and more would be purchased as soon as the supply gave ont. They were delivering it as fast as possible. A boat load had already been sent to the district named by the complainant, and another would be sent there soon. There would be no inter- mission betwoen the supplics of coal, as one con- tract would be awarded fore the supply from the former one was exhausted. THE BALLOT BOX COLLECTIONS, To THe Epiton or tHe HeraLy:— Is it unfashionable to create an interest in domestica need? And is that the reason the suggestion about ballot box collections for “those we have always with us’ is neglected by the ballot box controllersi Messrs, Public Officials. out with your ballot boxes again. It won't hurt you and will help A FEW CENTS. FOR CHARITY'S SAKE, ‘The fair of the Dominican Sisters in Twenty-eighth street, near Fourth avenue, has up to the present time been but slimly patronized and the receipts have consequently been very ght, but the ladies hope that the remaining few days of the fair’s con- tinuance will be marked by an increased attendance, ‘Lhe Domiuican Sisters in tais city maintain and edu- cate a largo number of poor orphan girls, aud their list of outdoor poor whom they furnish with food it constantly increasing. The Reverend Mother Su- perior is ill at present and the Sisterhoud are in need of ineans to carry on their self-sacrificing work. STARVATION IN PHILADELPHIA. [From tho Philadelphia Record, Jan. 22.) In a little second story room of the house in the rear of 1,311 Ogden street the shrivelled remains of an infant five months old lie on a rough board, frigid in death, and covered with a repulsive looking calico rag. The emaciated body aud pinched features con- firm the decision of the Coroner that the little suf- terer died from debility caused by want of suffictent nourishment. The father of the released sufferer lies in acell in Moyamensing Prison, whore he has been since last Christinas, and whither he waswent for attempting to steal a turkey, being driven to the act by the cries of his famishing wite and chil dren for something to cat. His wife oni it was bis first offence and that she little dreamed of his pur- pose whea he left his hoine on Christinas morning to procure food to — them from starving. La the room where the family live the bereaved mother sat last evening moaning for the lows of her starved baby, while her children, five in number, plainiy showed in their wasted forms that they, too, had felt the pangs of hunger. These were thinly clad, one of them having simply a sewnt piece of calico pinned avound him to cover his naked shoulders and to pro- tect him from ga 3 wiads, The furniture in the room is ali comprised in the constable’s levy, which lay on the mantlepieco—a clock, stove and pipe, looking glass, table, four chairs and carpeting, the latter a more tay. These articles, all that the distreased family possess, wera seized yesterday in payment of $16 duc to Jacob Sehandein for two months’ rent. The constable came to the house to make the seizure on Mouday, ‘but while he was there the child died, and the officer, though used to scones of suflering, turned away frou the house without performing his duty; but the cruel tusk was pertormed yesterday. In the eveuing, their sufferings having been made publi kind. people called to tender the Hemen (Whose names, however, he the exception of those of one ‘ind dresses he and one pentloman, o! ro angel to organine & feds “The Widows aud. Orphans The Heranv representative saw this sign of the newly organized or reorganized association inodestly tucked at the base of the stone front of the door, and it gave the date of incorporation as 1879, Mr. Taylor accounted for the change of title by one word, “benevolent” instead of “aid,” by saying that the other interfered with an existing society, The new one of course Will Bot, dine, Ao well, however, thinks the number M J. De Kinder, gtocer at Girard Point, who at once offe ment to the hushand. ‘The broken-hea plained that her husband had “been sent below” aud could not work for them, Mr, De Kinder, however, has promised to give the husband work as soon a4 he is discharged trom prison. Provision has beem made for the interment of the child to-day Cathedral Cemetery. A more complete picture destitution and sutiering could not be imagined, nor one that appeals more directly ty the charity of tha benevolent. The canse of all this was rum, boik father aud motuer imduludug,