The New York Herald Newspaper, January 22, 1879, Page 6

- 6 NEW YORK HERALD enema BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. —_—_ JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, —— THE DAILY HERALD, publish? every day tn the year, ‘Three cents er copy (Sundays excluded). ars for six months, two dollars and fifty , oratarate ef one dollar p my for than dae months, Sunday edition included, tae. LY HERALD—One dollar per year, free of post- TO SUBSCRIBE! ‘Ten dollars per ents omit in drafts on Now ni where neither of these ean be procured send the money iu a regiered letter, | All at ney remitted at risk of sender. Tn order to insure atten- 1 i ig their uddrens changed must give ir new address. se, uews letters or teloxruphic despatches mast de uiidrexsed New Hexanp, Letters and ‘should be properly sealed, Rejected comm io: bg returned. PUILADELPETA oFrr . 12 SOUTH SIXTH "LONDON OFFICE OF THE NEW YORK HERALD— NO. 46 FL STREE' DE LOPERA, DA PACE. will be received and MAabecrint! dad Subscriptioux and ad forwarded SEMENTS TO-NIGHT. LYCEUM amie INO BROADWAY THEATER: MASONIC HALL—Tom Tuuma, - Boots 1 GLOBE THEATRE—USKNO OLYMPIC THEATRE—Nevii GRAND OPERA HO! GERMANIA THEATRE BOWERY THEATRE—BaA PARK THEATRE—Dor. _ EGYPTIAN HALL—Vani WINDSOR THEATRE—Vaniery. TR IPLE RK, WEDN . The probabilitics are that the weather York and its vicinity to-day will be warmer and partly cloudy, with increasing winds. To-morrow it will be colder and fair or partly cloudy, Watt Street Yesterpay.—The stock mar- ket was active and strong, with a general ad- vunce of prices. Government bonds were firm, States steady and railroads strong. Money on call lent at 11, u 21, per cent, with the closing Auotations at 2 a 21, per cent. Tne Street CLeaninG Beureav is still frozen op. Tue Prospect in Washington for free ships is rather blue. Savannau led off yesterday with the first of the spring racing meetings. Pork, it seems, is going up. The more it goes up the less it will go down. Tne Ctosxr of the Pinckney investigation is something to be thankful for. THe Corroration Arrorxey’s turn has come. An investigation was ordered yesterday by the Aldermen. Next. Is Turre No Wax to enjoin the Potter Com- mittee from opening up their cipher despatches investigation in this city? Tue Gaknacs that is being dumped in the Narrows cannot certainly come from this city, as there has been no perceptible diminution of it here in a long time. AnoTneR Memner of the New Jersey Ring has been convicted. According to the present outlook they will all have an opportunity to re- unite in the Penitentiary before many weeks. With Prorer Errort and encouragement our militia strength, which, according to the In- spector General's report, is a little over nineteen thousand men, could be mide much larger and more effec! Ir aur Decision in one of the fire insurance personal property cases is sustained by the Court of Appeals, to Which it will, in all proba- bility, be taken, our taxpayers will have some substadtial reasons for congratulation. Ir Wut Be 8 from our London letter this morning that the prospects of the American horses which will appear on the English turf the coming season are pretty fair. Their arrival has made something of a sensation in racing circles. ‘Te Contract which Mr. Sherman has suc- ceeded in making for the placing of a large portion of the four per cent loan in Europe insures beyond all question the success of our present funding poliey and is a cause for gen- eral congratulation. Following so quickly upon resumption it is a great personal triumph for Mi. Sherman. East Sipe Resipenrs will be glad to learn from our columns this morning that work is to be immediately begun on the Second avenue “L” road. That the construction is to be pushed with vigor is shown by the fact that the iron contract forthe entire line has been awarded to the most energetie of the firms that have been engaged on the Sixth avenue road. It is said to be the largest iron contract ever made in this country. Tue Wrarngr.—The pressure fell very rapidly within the depression that extended over the northern lakes, and a centre of disturb- we was érganized which moved through the northern districts and Canada during yester- day. The barometer is high in the Gulf, South Atlantic States and on the Middle Atlantic coust. In the latter section the gradients are becoming more steep, so that increasing winds may be expected north of Cape Hatteras. Very littic suow has fallen, the lower lake region being the only district, where it is reported. Clear weather prevails south of the Ohio and Lower Misseuri valleys. ‘The winds have been fresh to brisk on the Middle Atlantic const and in the lake regions, brisk in the West and generally light elsewhere. A slight fall in tempera ture has occurred in New England. It has been variable in the Eastern Gulf and has risen in the other districts. The depression will con- tinue to move over the northern districts, with gradually decreasing pressure, until it reaches the Atlantic off Nova Scotia, where the weather is likely to be very severe during the next few days. The tem- perature will rise considerably to-day, ‘but will commence to fall again to-morrow. The stormy weather continues over the south of the British Islands with unabated violence, as will be seen by our special weather cable. The steamer Oberon was wrecked while trying to gain shelter during the tempest. The weather in New York and its vicinity to-day will be warmer and partly cloudy, with inereasing winds. To-morrow it will be colder and fair or partly cloudy. NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 22, 1879—TRIPLE SHEET. True Economy—Reform the Diplomatic Service and Strengthen the Army and. Navy. No one will discourage Congress in any sincere effort to reform pur expenditures. The main thing'to be considered is that we do not reform in the wrong direction and lose more than we save by sham reforms— by cutting down salaries to please dem- agogues and voting large sums in the way of public improvements to please constit- uencies. It will be of little use to the Treas- ury if the bill which reduces the salary of the General of the Army a couple of thou- sands of dollars also votes a hundred thousand to improve Roaring Panther Creek or some of those Indian streams in Penn- sylvania which are always clamoring for appropriations, and of which it has been said by one of our Congressmen that the only way of improvement would be to mac- adamize them. ‘True economy in the dis- bursements of public money will consist in legislation based on the financial wants and resources of the country. The government isa vast business, and should be handled on business principles. We need so much money every year and we have s0 much in- come, There shuld be no difficulty in ad- justing our disbursements to our income, and even as a nation putting away some- thing for a rainy day—such a day as came in 1861, when the Southerners fired on Sumter and threw us into a civil war. The department of business requiring the first reform is diplomacy. A good deal of sentiment is wasted upon Ministers abroad not having enough pay. We are told how an English Minister at a certain court will have fifty thousand dollars a year anda palace, and the question is asked, “How can we expect Hon. Augustus Sniff- ens, from Council Bluffs, our Minister to the same court, and who has been a man of the people, to spend as much money as the Englishman?” Well, we don’t expect it. And the fact that Sniffens is in a position where the temptation to spend and the mortifica- tion at not being able to spend make his career a burden shows the folly of our diplomatic system. England is dependent upon her diplomacy for prestige. Her Em- pire spreads into all sections of the globe. She has relations more or less delicate with every Power. There is not one of these Powers which could not in a moment throw- her into war. She already has two wars in Afghanistan and the Cape Colonies, and she is not quite free from Russian complica- tions. So vast an empire needs ships and diplomatists, and when England pays large sumg of money for her naval and diplomatic service she shows that shrewd business sense which governs her Empire, Moreover, in England diplomacy is a science and a profession. Young men en- ter as cadets, just as lads go into our naval and military academies. An English Minister or attaché is sure to know his busi- ness. With us there is no profession in diplomacy. We suppose that the number of gentlemen in our diplomatic service who know even the rudiments of their craft could be counted on the fingers. We regard diplomatic positions as the prizes of Presidential patronage. Even when Mr. Hayes, in the flush of his new administration, began civil scr- vice reform, he excepted the diplomatic appointments, He had to keep something for his friends, and so he kept the foreign places. Mr. Hayes showed sense in this, for he showed that he regarded the diplo- matic departments as the least useful. We hope that Congress will agree with the President and give us a real measure of economy in the reduction and rearrange- ment of our diplomatic service. Nothing is easier. America, unlike Eng. land, has few countries with which she needs diplomatic relations.. We have no outlying empire to defend, we have no am- bition to push our flag into other seas. England, Spain and Mexico are the three neighboring nations with whom diplomacy is a business. Frontier questions arise with Canada, Mexico and Cuba, and the interests of peace are served by efficient ser- vice in London, Madrid and Mexico, We have interests in China and Japan, growing every day in magnitude, which might be encouraged by the presence in Pekin and Jeddo of men of force and ability. When we have named these capitals we have namedall where any sound business reason exists for the presence of an American Minister. The other reasons are those of courtesy. Of course we desire to stand well with the great Powers—with such, a Power as Ger-. many, for example, whose citizens aro com- ing to us every year. We have reasons for being on friendly terms with France, while with Russia we have always had friendly relations, ‘Therefore, considering what courtesy requires, our diplomatic service in Europe should be reduced to the five capitals—London, Paris, Berlin, St. Peters- burg and Madrid. Men should be sent who would regard the diplomatic service as jan honor and not as a place in which to save money. ‘ho salaries should be re- duced to an allowance necessary for ex- penses. Men shouid be selected like Longfellow, Sherman, Sheridan, Belmont, Lamar, Gordon, who would appreciate the honor. Such a man as General Grant would be o fitting Minister, because our naming him as Minister after having been Presi- dent would show the democratic character of our institutions. There are other reasons for the reform of our diplomatic service. Diplomacy is an appendage of the monarchical system. This is a republic, and the further we with- draw ourselves from any policy which en- courages or recognizes the monarchioal system the better. Thus we would show that we belicve in our principles. We become ministers of democracy, peaccable and not offensive. We reduce our diplo- matic system toa democratic footing. We do not send Ministers abroad whose sole business is to walk into throne rooms at the tail of a feathered and embroidered pro- cession. ‘I wo-thirds of our diplomatists are court appendages, whose busi 3 to whizz around royal centres like the sparks of a whizzing fire-wheel. That should be abolished. While doing this and cutting off the ornamental ond pyrotechnic mis- sions we should strengthen our consular service, Woe should have as consuls and consuls general hard-headed business men, and we should give them a rank higher than Ministers by recognizing them as use- ful in pushing commerce. This is a reform that could be made with intelligence and energy. It would be useful and popular, and a much better business than the pro- posals to destroy the army and cripple the navy, which, although pressed under the name of economy, are really the lowest form of demagoguery. The Dash of the Cheyennes. Once more the Cheyennes have got away from the soldiers, having, it is thought, crept in the night of the 17th through the intervals between the sentinels on post. As it has snowed in that country since then it is possible that the trail may be lost thereby, and what is left of the band may thus get away. But pursuit was begun next day with commendable energy, and the officer in command is under orders to close with the Indians at any cost if they areagain found. Sioux warriors have been secured to assist in the hunt. Some further particulars of the original escape of the Cheyennes from! the custody of the United States troops and their subse- quent pursuit and slaughter of many of the tugitives is given in our Omaha despatch. All thesé details are gathered on the spot by Lieutenant Schuyler, of General Crook's staff. Some intimation that an attempt was intended by the prisoners was, it seems, given to the commander of the troops only a few hours before the attempt was made, yet he did not belicve the story, and gave it no thought, But a more practical evi- dence of the temper of the prisoners was given by an actual rush on their part, which was suppressed by the fortunate presetice of plenty of men under arms. In fact, it appears that the Indians, with a well-planned purpose to get away, sougkt vigilantly their opportunity and found it on the night when they were left under a so-called guard which was in fact a mere formality, a guard sufficiently nu- merous to watch the issues of a prison—and sufficient for the present service, there- fore—if the Indians had been confined to any edifice that could be called a prison. However, as the Cheyennes were in a place from which they could escape at any mo- ment but forthe guard, itis evident that only a guard strong enough to fight them could have prevented their escape. The Vote at Versailles. Tho London despatches give the sub- stance of what is said by the Paris corre- spondents of three London papers in their pretended accounts of what occurred in the French Assembly on Monday. There is a line from the London Telegraph that is near enough to the truth, and a good deal more from the Standard and the Times, the first of which journals misunderstands the event, while the other deliberately misrepresents it. In thgse malicious attempts to dis- credit the influence of M. Gambetta may be seen the voice of official suggestion chagrined at the fact that the Ministry was compelled to strike its colors with. out even an attempt to fight for the ground it desired to hold. Repub- licans were agitated over the absence from the ministerial declaration of certain pledges which they expected to find in it. Had the Ministry maintained in the Cham- ber the silence of its official programme on the points in question .it would have been deteated by a larger vote than the one that sustained it, But before the vote came on the Ministry gave ample satisfaction to the susceptible majority—not by secret or un- known compromises or pledges, but in open words uttered by M. Dufaure. Who- ever cannot see in M. Dufaure’s words an ample assent to the republican demands has simply not understood those demands, But the correspondents who had misrepre- sented the republicans must continue their misrepresentation to make events square with their false reports. Improvement in the Special Sessions. Awell considered bill to secure better administration in the Courts of Special Ses- sions of the Peace in New York has been introduced in the Legislature. Its pro- visions will commend themselves to the favor of all who are conversant with the de- fects of the present system. The bill con- templates the appointment of two justices of that court at salaries of five thougand dollars each, and does away with the attend- ance of the three police justices who now form the court, to the detriment of the busi- ness of their legitimate positions. The new justices are to sit daily on alternate months, and no doubt one judge whose qualifications cannot be questioned would be preferable to three police justices chosen, as the latter officers frequently are, without regard to ‘character orcapacity. ‘The advantages of the proposed law will be felt in the police courts as well as in the Court of Special Sessions, ‘he business of the former courts’ is subject to serious interruption, and per- sons are put to great inconvenience by the absence of the police justices at the Special Sessions, while the Court of Special Ses:ions is irregular in its meetings through fre- quent unavoidable delays in tho attend- ance of the police justices. It is desirable on this account that the Court of Special Sessions should have its own justices. But the proposed change is rendered still further expedient from tho fact that under the ex- isting system the police justice who has committed prisoner not unfrequently sits as a member of the Court of Special Ses- sions which tries the case. The jurisdiction of the Special Sessions is left as at present, except in cases of official misconduct and cases which the District Attorney elects to send to the General Ses- sions. Provisions are made for the more speedy disposition of cases, so that a pris- oner who may be subjected only to a fine may receive his sentence at once if he pleads guilty, instead of being kept in jail until his case is reached. The expenses of the Court would be reduced instead of in- creased under the new system, because it is proposed to dispense with many of the officers, who now receive twenty-three thou- sand dollars yearly in the aggregate, and to require detailed police offiters to serve the subpomnas and other processes of the Court. The bill is in the interest of justice, effi- ciency and economy, and it isto be hoped that it will become a law. Free Ships. In 1849 the British Parliament passed an act repealing the restrictive navigation laws and establishing free trade in ships. ‘This was the abandonment of a policy which had been upheld for nearly two centuries, the famous ‘Act of Navigation” having been passed in 1651. Its repeal in 1849 was the fruit of protracted agitation, and it was carried against strenuous opposi- tion and gloomy predictions of the ruin of British commerce. But those predictions were rendered ridiculous by the subsequent amazing growth of British shipping, which was nearly doubled within the next twenty years. In 1848, the year preceding the repeal of the navigation laws, the total British tonnage was 4,052,160 tons, but in 1867, eighteen years after the repeal, the total British ton- nage had risen to 7,232,671 tons. Most of the great lines of on steamships which ply between British ports and all parts of the world have been established since the repeal of the navigation laws. The two nations which are maintaining a successful rivalship with British lines of ocean steamers are France and (sermany. The French and German lines were estab- lished by owners who were permitted by the laws of their respective countries to go into all the markets of the world and pur- chase ships wherever they could find them cheapest, and to sail them under the protec- tion of their respective national flags. At the present time the lucrative business of transporting freight and prssengers on the ocean is almost entirely in the hands of nations which permit tree trade in ships. Our own country is bdhind the age, and its adherence to obsolete navigation laws is depriving it of the advantages of a great mercantilé marine. The navigation laws of the United States are almost a literal transcript of the obsolete and exploded navigation laws of England. ‘They dono good even tothe interest which they are supposed to pro- tect. For example, the fourteen steamships which form the new Unicorn line just started between New York and several ports of Europe are all foreign built, and the line would not have been established if its owners had been restricted to the use of American built ships. Now, what difference does it make to American shipyards whether these vessels are owned by Americans or by foreign- ers? The freights necessarily go in ships of foreign build, because they are cheaper, and our American shipbuilders resemble the dog in the manger that could not eat hay if he was willing, and whose growling and snapping kept away the oxen that could eat it. Our navigation laws do not secure the building of the great steam- ship lines for American shipyards, and can- not prevent these lines from transporting the greater part of our commerce. The great mass of freights go and come in for- eign built vessels in spite of our navigation laws, which are, therefore, useless to our native shipbuilders while they obstruct the rehabilitation of our prostrate navigation interest. It makes no difference to the American ship- builder who “may. own a line which he has no chance of constructing ; but it makes a great,difference to the American merchant and navigator, and to the country at large whether we are permitted to participate in the large profits of carrying ocean freights. We are paying annually nearly one hundred million dollars to foreign’ ship owners, and the greater part of this sum would go into American hands if we were permitted to buy ships on the same terms as rival na- tions. The Cipher Despatches To Be Investi- gated. After a debate in which much warmth of feeling was exhibited by ‘several of the speakers the resolution appropriating money: for the cipher investigation was passed yesterday without a division. The longest speeches were mado by Mr. Potter, chairman of the committee; General Butler, another member, and Mr. Hewitt, who made a vigorous and even vehement appeal to the House to let the investigation pro- ceed and thereby afford Mr. Tilden an opportunity for vindication. ‘The first part of Mr. Potter's remarks were de- voted to a personal explanation of his connection with the committee. He was not a volunteer, and he had no previous understanding with Mr. Tilden when he consented last winter to propose tho inves- tigation of the Southern returning boards. Although first appearances gave a different impression, we are convinced that Mr. Potter acted on no cue from Mr. ‘Tilden and had no understanding with him when he |: yielded to the pressure of political friends and offered the resolution in pursuance of which the Committee cf Investigation was appointed. Mr. Potter also yielded to pressure in offering the resolution yes- terday, the committee having overruled his judgment and he acting merely as its organ in applying for the appropriation. He thinks the cipher despatches are outside the jurisdiction of Congreas, and his im- puted relations with Mr. ‘Tilden inspire him with a strong personal reluctance to expose himself to the misconstructions which might attend his participation in this now investigation. It is impossible not to respect this delicacy, since there can be no doubt that it is unfeigned. General Butler argued strongly, both as a lawyer and a member of the House, against spending money on this investigation. He contends that Congress has no power to punish Mr. Tilden, who is merely a private citizen, and that no investigation by the House is justifiable which is not intended to prepare the way for legislation. Wo think this view is too narrow and technical. Congress has powers of supervision as well as of legislation, and as a sentinel on the watch towers of the govern- ment it is its duty to descry abuses and inform the people. There is, indeed, a great deal of needless and merely partisan investigation, but frauds in selecting tho highest officer of the government should not pass without exposure. There is a more important reason for this investiga- tion. enco is of deep interest to citizens, and it will hardly be said that an investigation of the theft could not lead to legislation. The cipher despatches were stolen while in cus- tody of a commitiee of one branch of Con- gress, and the act was not only a contempt but a grave misdemeanor. ‘There should be a law for punishing such misdemeanors, While punishable merely as contempts of one or the other House the perpetrators eseape unless detected before the expira- tion of that Congress, and the culprit may be shielded by party favor or exposed to party vengeance. Definite penalties should be attached to this offence, and the offenders be tried and sentenced by the ordinary courts of justice. We insist that this branch of the investigation be prosecuted with keen and unsparing scrutiny, and that Congress pass a law for punishing any tampering with telegrams or other private papers while in possession of its commit- tees. Drop the Pen. 3202") | 117 The action of the War Department on th communication of the Secretary of the In- terior in relation to his controversy with Lieutczant General Sheridan, and the letter of General Sherman in which he informs the Lieutenant Generai that, in his opin- ion and that of the Secretary of War, the controversy should end, wilh meet with almost universal approval. The Secretary of the Interior, asa politician and a theo- rist, seeks to bring before the public a case he has chosen to make against army officers who, in discharge ot their duties, have ex- posed the evils of our present Indian man- agement, and to entice the War Depart- ment into a battle of words. ‘The officers of the army cannot afford to measure swords with a politician. ‘their duty is ful- filled when they have drawn the at- tention of the department to existing abuses, and, as General Sherman pointedly says, a continuance of the controversy with Mr. Schurz isin no manner calculated to reconcile conflicting opinions, to improve the condition of the Indians or to make the instrumeitality of the army in Indian man- agement more harmonious and effective. A quiet but not the less a severe rebuke is administered to the Secretary of the In- terior when Generals Sherman informs Gen- eral Sheridan that his first communica- tion in reply to Mr. Schurz was ‘‘all-suf- ficient and perfectly satisiactory,” both to General Sherman and the Secretary of War, and that Mr. Schurz's rejoinder does not require any answer. The blunders of the Indian management often oblige the army to use the sword. It is well that the most ingenions apologists for those blun- ders cannot provoke our military leaders to use the pen except in the strict line of their duty. : PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. Congressman Conger is the short stop of the House. “Soft money turneth away wrath’ is Dan Voor- hees’ motto. ‘Talmage is the only mam who never had any one to detehd him but himself. Captain Samuel Brooks, of the Inman steamer City of Chester, is at the Everett House. e Lower California papers speak highly of a girl of fifteen who shot a large sized catamount. She wants to know what docs a catamount to, anyway. ‘The Venus de Medici is still the belle of Florence. Tho girl who was the model for that statue never thought that she would be @ marble belle in 1879, ‘The Marquis of Lorne, accompanied by Princess Louisé and party, arrived at Nixgara Valls yesterday afternoon from Toronto. They expect to remain until Friday. Lieutenant F. V. Greene, United States Army, who accompanied the Czar’s forces in the /furko-Russian war in the capacity of military attaché of the Amer- ican Legation, arrived in Washington on Monday, and yesterday puid official visits to the President and Secretary of War. London World:—‘Many of the Americans you meet in London say that Grant will be next President of. the United States. Others who look more calmly at America’s peculiar politics say that the last elections mean 4 civilian, and that Grant will not be a can- didate, His position ut home is so exceptional and so much like that of Wellington in England after the Duke retired from political office that he would not care to risk it in another canvass. Time will show which opinion is correct. A man who has been President for two terms—as long as Washington, for instance—ccn well afford to let some one else have a chance.” Evening Telegram:—"Probably the White House has not seen such poorly attended receptions for # quar- ter of a century. Of course the gencral dulness of politics has something to do with this dulness of the social side of official life; but this administration never could be a brilliant one if it were prolonged to the end of the next quarter of a century. The only really interesting thing that has happened st any of ‘The protection of private correspond. | the White House receptions thus far was the presence of Chief Joseph last week. This savage, having slaughterod a large number of United States sol- diers und bailed their commanders and shown him- self a man of genuine abilities, was the object of no little attention. ‘The presence of the President Was quite forgotten, and Chicf Joseph was the lion of the occasion—‘a biger man than Old Hayes,’ to speak after the manuer of Fitzhugh.” ~ OBITUARY. _ GEORGE STILLMAN HILLARD, Mr. George Stillman Hillard, who dicd yesterday morning in the town of Longwood, near Boston, was one of the old school of Massachusetts politicians, writers and jurists whose reputation was known the country over. As an orator and scholar he ranked high among his contemporaries, and as a lawyer he had few superiors, He was born in Machias, Me., September 22, 1808, his mother being a daughter of General Stillman, He spent two years of his boyhood in Lebanon, Coun., where he was a pupil of Rev. Zebulon Ely. He went next to Needham, Masg., where he was under the tutorship of Mr, Kimball? In 1822 he entered the Boston Latin School, which then stood on the present site of the Parker House, on School street. Among bis sehool- mates were Robert C. Winthrop, Patrick Grant, Dr, Henry 1. Bowditch, J. Wiley Edmands, Rev. John T, Sargent, John H. Jenks, Charles Francis Ad&ms, Dr. J. B. 8. Jackson, Rev. Cazneau Palfrey, D. D.; Nathan- Jel P, Willis, George Tyler Bigelowy ‘George William Bond, Rev. James Freeman Clarkg William Gray and Joseph H. Buckingham. In the “Boston Book,” published in 1850, there was a contribution from Mr. Hillard in regard to the old schoolhouse which was then in process of demolition. Mr. Hillard was ono of the two boys in the Latin School who received the Lioyd gold medals in the years 1825 and 184, James Lioyd, who represeuted Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1808 to 1415, and who was himself ® Latin School boy, gave to the head boys of the Bos- ton Latin School and tho English High School each # heavy gold medal. He proposed cstablishing a fund for perpetuating this mark of distinction, but the city authoxities deemed this unwise and only two medals in all were given to cach school. The first of the two given to the Latin School was taken by the late Thomas Kemper Davis, in 1823. In the following year, when Mr. Hillard waa the recipient, the cere- inony of presentation took place in in August, Josiah Quincy delivering the addyoss to the twoboys. In 1824 Mr, filland entered Harvard College, where he graduated four years later with distinction. Soon after leaving college Mr, Hillard went to North- ainpton, Mass., where he apent some time as a teacher it which Geor, in the Round Hill School, "80 was at that time prine Subsequently he entered the. Harvard Law. Bel en he uated in |, wh 1832, He was admitted to the bar the following year, | after spending some time in the law oftice of Charies rooms tne second floor of Brooks Buik , No. 4 Court street, corner of Washington, This bullding became celebrated as the headquarters of many distinguished lawyers, among those who were there when Mr. Hillard iirst opened his oflice or went there subsequently beipy Rufus Choate, with whom Mr. Hillard always ‘maintained a warm friendship; Thomas ©. Amory, Jr.; Peleg W. Chandler, Theophi- Jus Parsons, John A. Andrew, Lunt and George P. Sanger. In 1933, the year that witnessed his entrance to the practice of law, he also began that carver in literature which has beou marked by so much brilliancy and success. He became one of the editors of the’ Christian Register, which was then the eenng cues of Unitarisnism in the United pigs. Was associuted . Ge ley. A few yours later Mr. Hillard became one of the ‘princi owners and editors of the Jurist, his co-worker bei the late Charles Sumner, In 1856 he became one of the owners and principal editors of the Boston Courier, ‘This paper was purchased in that year by Messrs. Hil- lard, George Lunt and John Clark, the consideration being the payment of its debts, which amounted to 37,000, Mr, Lunt took the position of responsible editor, and had Mr, Hillard as an associate, the lat- ter furniabing editorial matter quite often, though continuing his legal practice, At the outbreak of the war Mr. Hillard gave notice through the paper of his relinquishinent of all connection with it, but still wrote more or less for it, Mr. Clark went into the army and the Courier s"condueted by Mr. Lant until some ti i close of the war, Tn 1835 he was elected ¢ Loyislature, where he served with W. B, Washburne, afterward Governor: H. L. Dawes, now United: Statos Senator; Amusa Walker, Pliny Merrick, Joseph T. Buckingham, Charles W. Upham, Benjamin Seaver, who subsequently became Mayor of Boston, and others who now hold high positions, He was a very successful legislator and served for a@ number of years iu the Boston City Council. He went to bakin in 1887 and spent several months abroad, one of the results of his trip being the pub- lication, after his return, of a work eutitled, “six Months in bees i which was received .with great favor here was republished in England. In 1850 he yas a member of the State Senate, the late Vice President Wilson. bei ene of his associates, A member of the Constitutional Conven- tion in 1853, he was active and prominent, and in re- ply to one of several attacks which on that occasion were made upon Boston, he made an carnest and well- timed speech in defence of that municipality. In 1854-56 he was City Solicitor of Boston, and in 70 was United States District Attorney tor Massachu- ts, taking the oath of office October 22, 1865, as suc- jor of Richard H. Dana, Jr., who had resigued the ition. In his political affiliations Mr. Hillard was un active member of the whig party while it had an existence, and when it was lost in the uew parties that sprang up he became equally active in the democratic party. ‘The union canse, however, found in him a firm friend when the nation was passing through its great struggle, and while the contest between North and ‘South continued he was one of the political class Known as war democrats, Asa bookmaker Mr. Hillard carned a wide and well deserved popularity. “Hillard’s Readers” are well known throughout the country, The publication of the series was begun in 1856, and as. text books the readers became popular at once, commending them- selves to the teacher by the'evidence of scholarly caro seen in the character of the compilation, and wiun! the favor of pupils by the freshness and interest o! the selections, While they became very generally used in the United States these re: wou favor in other countries, and it has been stated that by or- der of the Emperor, Dom Pedro IL, they were use@® in the schools of Brazil to give the pupils the best possibic idea of the English language. In 18389 he published “The Poetical Works of Edmund Spenser,” which were well received by scholars and students. His ‘Selections from the Writings of Walter Savage Landon” were published in 1856. Mr. Hillard made several translations, and among his published works of this cluss was a translation of Guizot’s “Essay on the Char- acter and Influence of Washington.” Among his other publications were a number of addresses v= ered ares various occasions. In 1864 he published the “Life and Campaigns of George B. McClellan.” - He began to prepare for publication the hfe and letters of George ‘Licknor, but was unable to finish the work, which was completed by Miss Ticknor, ‘The book was printed, but not published, REY. DB. BENJAMIN ARTOM, CHIEF RABBI OF THE BRITISH SEPHARDIM. Rey. Dr. Benjamin Artom, the Chief Kabhi (Haham) of the Sephardim or Spanish and Portuguese Hebrews of the United Kingdom, died suddenly at Brighton on the morning of the 6th inst., probably from exhaustion consequent upon fasting the whole of the previous day in commemoration of the begin- ning of the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar (10th Tebeth). After breaking his fast on Sunday night he was attacked by angina pectoris, of which he died at two A. M. Monday. Rabbi Artom was born at Genoa, Italy, in 1834, and was a kinsman of the Chevalier Artom who was secretary to Coun$ Cavour and Sonator of the Itahan Kingdom. He received his theological education at Padua under the celebrated Hebrew scholar 8. D. Luzzato. He officiated for severa] years as minister of the Jewish congregation at Naples. Some twelve years ago the . well known philanthropist Miss Anna Maria Gold- smid, while travelling in Italy, heard him preach, and was so impressed by his eloquence and strong personal magnetism that she sought an introduction. to him, and on her return to London spoke of him in high terms as a fit person to fil} the position of Huham or Chacham. This position had then been vacant for forty years, ever since the death of Dr. Meldola, the Spanish and Portuguese Jews being at a loss to find a suitable man for the office. On Misa Goldsmid’s recommendation to Sir Moses Mon- tefiore, the most eminent Jew in the com- munity, Dr. Artom was invited to ga to London, He went, and after a short stay was elected for life to the office so long vacant. When first elocted he could speak no English, and his sermons were delivered in French. He soon mastered tho lish tongue, however, and his ministrations in the Bevis Marks Synagogue and in the branch on Bryanstone street effected something of a revival among the Spanish and Portuguese Jows. His sermons were of the most cloquent and impassioned character, und their etfect was greatly heightened by the preacher's Kad arr: Soa Dr. Artom was very tall, broad-shoul |, With a flow- ing brown beard, large and lustrous brown eyes and a voice of peculiar sweetness and persuusivenese. In the pulpit he wore a black silk robe trimmed with velvet, a velvet turban and a white lace cravat on @ ground of purple satin. His appearance and his bearing made him fora time a lion in Anglo-Jewish circles. Though an orthodox Jew, Dr. Artom was! ® liberal man. One of his first acts after his election to offico was to, abolish the position of body servant, which up to that time had been an invariable, albeit useless, appendage of the office. He abolished. the wearing of Uniforms in tho Portuguese Jewish charity schools. He reory the schools of his community and introduced several new features, in- cluding the study of inusie and French. Dr. was a most popular man in London. Ho was on terms of personal intimacy with @he Rev. Dr. Nathan Marcus Adler, the chief rabbY of the German Jows, and the Rev. Professor Marks, the chief minister of the reform Jews, both of whom assisted at his funeral. At one time it was hoped that when the position filled by Dr. Adlor should be- come vacant the two communities—viz., the Spanish and Portuguese and the German might be united under Dr, Artom’s . Had he Hved this result might have boen achieved. Dr. Artom was accustomed to illustrate his discourses with parables from the Talmud. A volume of his sermons was printed at the wish ot his synagogue, ‘Three years ago he marricd a lady of the family of the emincnt Parsee merchant, Sir Albert Sassoon, but left no children, His funcval took place on the 8th inst., in the famous old Portuguese synagoguo in Bevis Marks, London, where he had long minis- tered, Ho was buried in the Mile End Cemetery, Dr. N. M. Adier, Chief Rabbi of the United Cot hy Poenws ern of the British Empire, pronouncing the ‘uneral discourse. Nearly every distinguished Jew of London was present. REV. RICHARD LOW, LL. D,, SCOTTISH EDUCATOR, Dr. Richard Low, late head master of the Dundee High School, died at Home Lodge, Broughty Ferry, on the 4th inst, in the éighty-third year of his age. He wes born at Dundee in 1798, was intended for the Church of Scotland, educated at the old Grammar school at Dundes, and graduated both in arts and theology at the United College. St. Andrew's, in 1820, He became @ lis of the Church of Scotland, preached frequently, and “camo out” at the disruption of 1843, after which he sometimes offidiuted In Free Church near Dundee. He was, however, never set tiny chureh, and the worl his life was After teaching z Sale! Grater” Sc, wha g ar School, where pepe head ted to. Mend Master.” In that pact prepared for the universities many 0 -" roa uently attained eminence, In 1861 it lic dinner was clalty of his old pile, under the presidency of Mr. W. E. ‘i BER ana in 1873, when he retired from the ship, # handsome testimonial was presented him, CAPTAIN E. HARTSHORNE JACKSON, Captain E. Hartshorne Jackson, a highly esteemed citizen of Squan, N.J., and formerly @ well known shipmaster, sailing between New York and South Atlantic ports, died very suddenly on Sunday last, on his farm near Squan, at a ripe old age, Captain Jack son was born December 26, 1795, near the plage whero he died. During the war of 1812 he was engaged on a stoall coasting vessel plying through the many inlets that indent the Jersey coast. About 1815 Captain Jackson entered the port of New York with a nine- ton centre-board vessel, called the Little Ys which he built. Ho claimed to be the inventor of the contre board, which succeeded the lea-boards that were in gencral use about that time, He built asmall contre-board bunk skiff several years bo ae! ‘hich was used on Squan River, Captain a widow, a son, the present keeper of life waving eve. ed = Z and several married daughters, reviding in jew Yor!