The New York Herald Newspaper, October 2, 1876, Page 5

Was followed in succession by the dignitaries of the _ Promunently urges the nocessity of diffusing kao. o THE NEW SULTAN, |e The War in Servia—Advance on Deligrad. , DERVISH PACHA DEFEATED. Result of Blacque Bey’s Mission to Bulgaria. BULGARIAN RELIEF SOCIETY. ConSTANTINOPLE, Sept. 15, 1876, ‘The grand ceremony of the investiture of the sword caine off somewhat unexpectedly on the eighth day after the accession of the new Sultan, Probably bis Ministers were anxious to endow the new Sultan at nce witb all the traditional prestige attached to tho Sovereign, and which is not complete in the eyes of the bation so long as he has not girt on the sacred sword df bis first ancestor, Othman, The costumes and other preparations had been ready for many weeks in cx- Pectation of Murad’s investiture, which never took place. The only change, therefore, im the programme Was thatof the principal person concerned, To the saztng crowa and the shouting soldiery 1t signified very little whether they were welcoming a Murad to the throne ora Hamid. ‘Tothem their sovereign becomes a being apart as soon as heis raised to the exalted rank of Padishab and Caliph, With this feolng swelling in their bosoms the loyal Osmanlis turned out in thou- sands on Thursday Inst, forming a double hedge of red “fezes’’ and bright-colored ‘‘iereghees,” with an inner aiming of troops, along the line of the procession, ex- tending over a length of about sx miles. At noon the long expected signal was given, and the guns of the lron-clads announced His Majesty’s departure trom Dolmabagtche. GORGEOUS IN WHITH AND GOLD CARVINGS and erimeon veivet bangings the imperial caique, ac. companied by a flotilla of other state caiques, emerged from the white wreaths of smoke created by the ‘alutes, and, gliding swiftly over the waters of the Bosphorus to the Golden Horn, landed His Imperial Majesty at Eyoub, There the official hierarchy of the Empire, in garments of state, were in watting to re- ceive their sovercign and to conduct him to the Mosque of Eyoub, where wo must leave him for a while, as none but “true bolievérs’”? may intrude within tno Sacred precincts of its walls. Tho religious ceremony and the girding on of the sword over, Abdul-Hamtd IL, Bow im reality an Ottoman sovereign, reappeared mounted ona richly caparisoned steed and took his place ir. the brilliant procession, which was uow form- ing. The weather was fine and clear, but hot and dusty, and the services of a squad of water carriers who pro- seded ihe procession was much appreciated. Outriders, In scarlet uniforms, preceded each section of the caval- tade. In rich robes of state his sable highness, the thief canuch of the palace, headed the procession. He third, seeond and first grades, the richness of whose costumes increased 1n splendor according to their rank. Each party of’ officials was followed by a number of led borses, richly caparisoned and preceded by a | body of the ulema (clergy), variously attired in purple, brown and green robes, with gold scarfs and bands en- wwined tn their white turbans, THE SMRIK-UL-ISLAM, the superior head of the clergy, attracted special in, terest, as much by his imposing appeurance, his: hana- some mantie of bright green and gould, his numerons retinue of servants on foot, as by the influence he has exorcisod on the fate of three successive Sultans. Without his consent and signaiure no Sultan can bo proclaimed or deposed. Following the Sheik-ul-, and immediately preceding the Sultan, came the Min- isters, all ablaze with gold embroidery, ribbons and stars, Surrounded by an imperial guard of baltadjis, or battle axemen, on foot, rode the Sultan, in the plain biue uniform of a general officer, without ornaments, save ihe newly assumed sword, studded with diamonds and the star of the Order of Osmaine. The absence of the diamond aigretto and plume trom is foz, the traditional insignia of an Ottoman sover eign, has tormed the subject of much private com- mentary. The absenco of finery on his person was tally made up for by the uniform of bis guards, who woroasemi-Oriental costume of scarlet cloth, with Bigh caps and loug flowing plames of white feathers, their brazen battle axes glittering in the sun and ro- flecting a blaze of ight around them, Tins body guard is tho modern representative of the Gothic Varangiav gaard, which wus adopted by the Uttomgn Sultan from the Greek emperors. From time to time the troops raised ihe shout of “Long hve the Suitan”--Padtshah (chok yasha!/—ana, ag atthe time of Murad’s accession, the crowd took up and swelled the cry. Previous to and during the reign of Abdul-Aziz the method ot showing reapect to the sovereign was by maintaining a strict silence—a siience which was, however, ivoluntarily broken by the erowd in their anxiety to maiptain jt, by repeat edly using a sound implying “bush,” but which, in 1s continuous form, resulted in a strong resembiauce to a bisa The s10n was closed us usual by the tag- Fag and bodtail of a Sultan’s everyday suite, composed of sccreturics, cbamberiains, tchiboukgees, &c. At six P. M. the show was over, the Suitan bad crossed from tho Scragiio Point to Dolmahaguche 1n_his:caique, the guns of the iron-clads bad announced bi: le re: turn into the bosom of his tamily, and the sightscors, Bo douvt greatly gratified, but bot, dusty and bungry, trudged buck to their respective homes. The diplo- Matic body mustered in iurce; special tents bad been | erected jor their accommodation und the Sultan on passing hulted a minute and politely sent a message Ly a chamberlain to thank them tor having so numerously honored by tueir presence the ceremony of the day, THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH arrived from Besika Bay on the morning of the inv titure, but Hix Royal Highness was too teut to continue his journey to the Cri mea, where he was to meet his wife, to Waste time on state pageants. He proceeded at once on his journey in the Russian imperial yacht Eiryklyk, which bad been sent to meet him. Sultan Hamid hardly tooks bis age. He isa small, spare man, bis complexion and bair dark, his jeatures aquiline ahd warked, He wears a long mustache and bas vot yet adopted the regulation beard, It was observed he ‘wore white kid gloves, a detail of dross | highly unpalatable to a Turk of the oid school, and I bave it on reliable authority that during their uncle’ Hiletime the two bro did pot scrupl their heads, destined some day to been of Islam, by covering them with the abominated chim- ney pot ol the Europeans, the betier to preserve their incognito when indulging in private escapades into Pera in search of amusement. THE INAUGURAL ADDRESS of Sultan Abdul Hamid | the *‘hattt hounayoum,”’ ‘was read at the lorie on Sunday afternoon, This doc- ument is addressed to the Graud Vizier, and is sup- posed to be a forecest of tho intentions of the sover- e1gn as to his modo of government. It is sald that ree haits had been drawn up—one by the Grand Vizier, another by Michat and 4 third by Hamid him- sel. Yb the first two being submitted to the Sultai © the Grand Vizier as ning dapgerously ad- vanced ideas—and elected to abide by his own compo- Huon, which gives ihe impression that it is the pro- duction of a man who has studied his subject, who is riectly are of the Dumerous difticulves he will we to encounter and who modestly suggests what, 8 Opinion, are tho best remedies to be applied to numerous evils that have overrun the Empire. His bhatt differs irom former hatts in this respect, that itcontains po promises, and on this ac- count has cau: some disappoini ment among the pon- Musselman ulation; but, considering that such promises ro iuifilled, their absence from the Present batt may be taken as a proof of the sincerity of purpose of the Sultan, who, avoiding the mockery pf words, puts forth a modest programme, which, if only fairly carried out, may still do much toward amoiiorating the condition of bis people, His repoated aliusion to the hitherto imperfect observance of the ‘Shes’? (sacred law) as tue origin of much evil is thought to be ominous, as revealing the fanatics of bis character, At the same time His Majest is people that a degree of education and vent must result totaily incompatible with bigotry and fanaticiem, lt was ri Humid’s accession that he contempi “A Ministry,” said bis friends, to had Bhelved two suvercigox in so short a time, and that bad, s0 to speak, become skiliul operators in that live, could not but be looked ‘apo! with some apprehension by the new sovercign.”? The rainor was in far | based on fact that tne Grana Vizier actually did tender | bis resignation and returned the imperial seal of office | conferred on him by Morad, Whereupon His Majesty begged him to retain bis office, and further proof of big confidence sont bim his own private seal en- closed ina haudsomo box set wiih diamonds. Since then the whole Ministry have beon officially contrmed by the imperial hast. NEWS FROM THR FRONT. The government is in datly receipt of telegrams from the seat of war; but the accounts i publisues of its victories are as vague 1 as the Vins it gives of its deieats are obscure, and hence with the in- fyrmation uflorded us it is dificait to fellow closely the progress of the war, The serdar Ekrem scents to rest Bu iéfied With having masked Alexiuatz, and while a portion of his army under Aimed Eyoub bus es liblished tS portion = wiehin — ganshot — of the town, which the artillery have not vegan to shell, another corps d’arméc, under Ali Satb, bre rut off the retreat of the Servians irom Alexinatz and marebed with little opposition to within artillery range of the :otrenched camp. at Delicrad. Since tho of the 1st no important engage! it, official balletios. bas been tought THE MONTRXEGRINS have obtained another advantage over the Turkish arma Dervish Pacha, whose advance to relieve Mukhbtars Pacha, bad been announced with so much flourish of trumpets, appears to have got a licking svortly after his arrival within reach of the Montene- grin army. It isrelated, unofficially, that bis troops were seized with a great panic and that he only stop- ped @ precipitate flight by turning his own guos against them. Notwithstanding this confretemps a telegram from Ragusa, received yesterday, annowuces bis arrival at Danilograd, a piace within twenty-two mules of Cottinje, the capital of Montenegro. THE BULGARIAN OUTRA I believe Biacque Bey’s report on the Bulgarian atroci- ties is not intended to be published, but the result of bis lagairien is that the early massacres were com- mitted by the Mussulman population, who were taught to believe (bat they were attacked, and that it was a case of kill or be killed; that it would be as impossible to trace home individual guilt as it would be unjust to Fe we whole villages; but that in the case of the ircassians and bashi bazouks, who were organized bodies aud commanded by officers, there can be no extenuating circumstances adduced, In pursuance of this idea the Porte has ordered the arrest and trial of 811 officers who commanded such troops in the Bulga- rian district, and it 1# believed there will be some salu- tary hanging done betore long. THE TURKISH ATROCITIES, THE INSINCERITY OF THE ENGLISH HORROR AT THE BUTCHERIES. Loxpox, Sept, 19, 1876. The liberal party is doing its best to make political capital out of the atrocity business and has already, | fear, overstepped the bounds of common sense and political wisdom, To road the papers one would imagine thatthe people of England are to a man thoroughly indignant at the Turks, and that a change of Ministry isthe unanimous demand of the nation. As for the indignation of Englishmen at this moment it igas hypocritical as itia absurd. They have an | indefinite feeling about some wrongs done by the Turks to harmless women and maidens; but a very deilpite | feeling about some other wrongs, equally heinous, of | bringing ruin and privation to many thousands of Eng- lish families. Tho word “atrocity” te simply a good war cry for a large party who think that the biggest atrocity the Turks have yet committed isin not pay- ing their coupons, I do not plead the CAUSE OF THE TURKS, but only warn against believing the sincerity of these “atrocity” demonstrations in England, which are as shallow and_rotten a8 can well be imagined. It would be woll for the clamorers to remem- ber just now-Mr. Lincoln’s story about coang- ing horses when crossing the stream. The very men who applauded Disraecli's wisdom to the skies after the Suez Canal purchase now. greet the Minister with hisses, and charge bim with all the crimes that have been committed in the Slavic provinces. Al- though Mr, Gladstone does not say this openly yet he insinuates as much in bis reckless cargos, made in bis effort to impugn the foreign policy of the present Ministry, and he has succeeded in evoking from the couptry, or at least the party to which he belongs, an ebullition of feeling which 1s based in entire ignorance of what the government really has done and is doing. The two meetings yesterday were like all the others that nave been held, enthustastic, certainly, but biassed and rather turbulent, A conservative gentleman, who at- tempted to addrow: the Guildhall meeting, was pissed down, and the iollowing gushing resolutions were sed unanimously :— THR CITY AND THR TURKISH ATROCITIRS, I, That the almost univeral misrule which reigns throughout Turkey entaiis continual suffering upon 11 people, which entitles them to the sympathy of Ep, jand, #0 that, while we feel abhorrence at the inhu crueities practised recently by the accredited agents of the Turkisn government upon the aged and delenceless, upon women and children in Bulgaria aud elsewhere, we sce in these crueities only another proot of misrule, and the promise of fresh sufferings to the people throughout the Empire. Il, That the favor shown and the protection a corded for so many years by Great Britain to Tur! entail upon us grave responsibility for the act of the ‘Turkish authorities, and in view of this responsibility wo urge upon the Queen’s government the necessity of taking immediate steps to obiain reparation for the wrongs already done, to prevent the recurrence of such atrocities have recentiy been committed, and espe- cially that the government do all in its power to pro. vide lor the independence of Slavunic provinces now subject to tho rule of Turkey. IIL That the toregoing resolutions be presented to tho Prime Minister and Foreign Secretary by the Lord brilhant Mayor: 1V. That the following addrese to the Queen be pre- sented to Her Majesty through the hands of ove of Her Majesty’s principal Secretaries of State:— May 17 Pixase Your Masxsty—We, the citizens of Lon- don, assembled at Guildhall, lave heard with horror of the atrocities perpetrated upon defenceless men, women and children in Bulgaria, Bosnia and other provinces of Turkey by th sradited agents of that government. cannut be denied thi that Power to M s. uo considerations of political expe- dioncy cam justity us in practically remaining tho accdm- plicts of » despotixm which has been long condemam the voice of the civilized world, and we pray that Her Majesty's government will do all i cure the reparation from Turkey of the provinces inhabl Slivonic race their independence of a govern- which they Eave hitherto been subject and which ‘oved itsalf unworthy to rule them, feel it, moreover, our duty nt tho present mom most respectfully to pray Your Majesty’to cuil the attention of your government to the necessity of, without delay, co- tring that the children which have been carried off from luges of Bulgaria by the Turkish troops anJ others, should be immediately restored to their parents, or where these have been murdered, to their nearest friends: that the av-ea!led insurvents now languishing in the prisons aria shoal y to the satisiaction. from such prisons; and ty F xiivuld at once enit the arte to the destitute evndition of those Christian inhatitants of Bulgaria and Bosnia who have not been exterminated, and arge that they may be supplied, b fore the appronch of winter, with food’and shelter, of bot which they have been deprived by th of the Turkish government, MIS® FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE has eddressed a lotter on the subject of the atrocities to Alderman Sir Jono Bennett, tn tue following char- acteristic terms :— Loxpoy, Sept. 15, 1876. God speed Sir John Bonnett in collecting help tor those iunocent Bulgarians, martyrs ot a persecution like which (here has nothing been scen in Kurope sipce the persecution of the Christians under a Roman Emperor whose name was cruelty. In the midst of | their rose garden industry, their women and children ate all at once attacked aud butchered with never-to-be forgotten horrors, or worse, their valleys, beautiful as our own Derbyshire valieys, where every stream once | turned its wills, are laid waste into “literally bowling wildernesses.’? Their very mpeans of lite are gone— burned, P aged, destroyed; and this in a country in whieh, ducation has mot yet raised it- if to lever with be West, American missionaries bad but to lant *chools, At once these spread and multiplied a hundred fold in the peopte’s own hands. Theso schoo!s—those particularly, ate sll destroyed, the mistresses and mas- ters tortured, girls sold into slavery. 1 say that a poor little country which could do so much in fifteen years under such ‘a brate force of a government, a govern- ment to which one bad to pay tribute not tobe burned, plundered or murdered, is itself not only struggling into our Western Iife, but up to the highest ieve! of civil- izauion. To the country thus bravely, industriously struggling imto life comes the brute vile rapine with nameless crimes. And some tell us the same things eto be in Servia. Alreaay they are there in Bosnia and the Herzegovina in » chronic state intolerably ag- gravated now, ©! let us help them back to the strug- gle into hfe; let as who have everything they have Jost—bomes, schools, security, good government, in- dependence, freedom to worship God—show how wo value these by giving each our mite to help them to theneelves. ith @ check for £10 103, Sir Jouyx Ssxyerr. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE. PRESS COMMENTS UPON MR. BARING’S REPORT. {From the London Times. ] It {8 quite certain from Mr. Barin, report that scenes ax dark as over diggraced the most backward civilization or the most degraded savagery prevailed for days tu a province of the Turkish Empire almost at the gates of Constantinople. This fact being estab- lished, the condemnation of tne government under which It occurred is } tid! A strong and jus! government, for at least a generation, would probably bo needed to enable the provinces to’ récover in any degree {rom the miseries this report depicts, and the tusk, equally diMoult and imperative, of the European Powers 1s to provide some such authority. A COWARDLY APOLOGY FOR RAPINE AND MUR- DER, [From the London Standard. } Thoy (the massacres) prove to us the folly of those who would provoke still worse atrocities by driving to desperation a people who have shown in so terrible a maoner that, if they are to perish, they will not perish alone. Nor mu#iwe in justice forget that the ins: gents first set the example in massacre, Their deed: of blood are slight In comparison with those of the Turks, but Mr. Baring makes it plain that they ore s0 only Jor want of opportunity, DISGUST AT THE TURKISH ALLIANCE. [From the Loadon Daily News.) ‘We rogrot to votice that in the very first paragraph of his report Mr. Baring strikes a political note tndi- cating the same feeling which closod tho of the Ambassador to tho reports offered to Dim at the same time as to its correspondent at Constantinople, Note withstanding this animas, however, Mr. During’s testi- mony could not bat condrm the leading tacts which have been matic povlie, and a more damnatory states ment that tiat convened in his Fepurt was never se THE SPHINX SPEAKS, LOBD BEACONSFIELD ON ENGLAND'S PART IN THE EASTERN QUESTION—THE FAILURE OF MEDIATION. Loxpox, Sept. 21, 1976. From the dinner table of an agricultural meoting in Buckinghamshire has gone forth the oracle for which the people of this country have been so anxiously ooking, and which has enslaved tho atteation of Eerope Lord Beaconsield, the Sphinx of the Cabi- net, has condescended to enter upon a detailed defence of the conduct of the government in tne Eastera question. His hearers were the members of the “Royal Bucks Agricultural Association; but the few silent men of the press who sat within reach of his voice made all Europe his audience. The interest ot the occasion was heightened, for Englishmen, at least, by the fact that the banqaes was held and the speech delivered on the eve of the most importamt and interesting lection which has taken place since the tories tirst came into power—the contest for tho vacated seat of | Lord Beaconsfeld bimself—that seat which the conservative journals pronounced it an wsult to My Lord to contest, but which a liberal candidate contested notwithstanding, Mr, Carington having dared to come forward and fight 1t out in the ballot box with Mr. Freemantle, conservative candidate, It was felt on ail sides that a speech from the head of the government at such a time woud go far to influ- once the result of the election, aml, as party feclings now rup high in England, it was with no common in- terest that Englishmen of all classes hung on the hvs of the ‘noble Earl.”” DISRAELI RISES TO RXPLAL Rising amid enthusiastic cheoring the Prime Min- ister commenced his speech with an explanation of the causes which had led bim to retire from the House of Commons, in which tor so many years—generations, indeed, as he himself said—be bad represented the county of Buckingham. “I had physical warnings,” he said, *‘that [ could not have remained in the House of Commons longer and perform my tasks m that as- sembly iu a manner which would havo been satisfac- tory to my so" ug and my country, The late hours of that House tell upon one who {8s not so young as he was when, forty-three years ago, he addressed in this very town « largo assembly of the people of the county of Buckingham. There are secrets which one wishes to keep, but they are secrots, unfortunately, which, in the long run, it is impossible toconceal, My private secretarics were more discreet than Gil Blas, but 1, geatlomen, am not 80 conceited as the Archbishop of Granada, (Cheers and laughter.) ‘The jate hours of the night in the House of Commons, calling tor struggle and exertion, which in the old days were hours of rapture, certamen gaudli, came to mo at atime when I feit my’ euergies wero decreasing and aiminisbiag, and, therefore, 1 bad, under those oita cumstances, in my mind only one course to take, which way at the beginuing of this year respectfully to ‘mform curgracious sovereign that alter the conclusion o! the session she must not count upon my humble ser- jceson her behalf, 1 then contempiated that my political career was concluded. In my opinion there were those among my colleagues who could } have filled wih perfect competence tbe post which I ocoupiod—(cries of ‘Nu, no!’}—vnt Her Gracious Majesiy was pleased to take a difforent view of the situation, Sue desired that I should retain my post, and suggested that I might aile- viate lubor by taking my seat in the other House of nt, That I should not have wone—tnat [ should not have presumed to bave done—bad it not beep at tho unanimous desire of my own colleagues, Under these circumstances—iecliug that which every Englishman does feel, his peg to his Q: @-n, and how much he 1s bound, as long as Hor Majesty thinks that he can, to serve with effect by remaining im her ser- vice—I occupy the post which I now wll, and to the health of which you have drunk tnis day.” This statement was received with general signs of interest, and will gratify the curiosity of those who like tv know the minutest detatls of tne career of pub- Vic men, But it was not the statement wich tho Audience was so anxiously awaiting, and when, pro- eceding with his spcech, a burst of cheers broke ont when he mentioned the subject now uppermost in the minds of every one— KASTERN POLITICS— he at once realized the signilicance of the Interruption and delivered himseif of the momentous words whica aro now being so widely read. Aliuaing to the dillicul- tes which beset the position of the goverument he said:— ‘I can truly and frankly say tvat I boliove there hever was a governinent in this country which had more difficult matiers to deal with than the govern- ment of the Queen at this moment. The novie Lord, the Secretary of State, who on tho part of the govern- ment is ROW conauvting negotiations, has to tuill two most dificult tasks and accomplish two most impor: tantends, He has at the same tine to secure perma- nent 4ritish iterests of the highest smportance,- and he has to seeuro the maintenance of peace in Eu- rope. Under ordwary circumstauces a British Min- {ster so placed, whatever might be bis difliguities, would bi the consolation of knowing that he was backed by the country. It would be affecta- tion for me to pretend that this the position of Majesty’s government at th moment. Unquestionably there a largo party, a Jarge portion of Her Majesty's subjects, whose thoughts d KeLMents are atiracted and absorbed by other Usings than the mintenance of the permanent inter- ests Of this country or the maintenance of peace. These are matters whi hb require and are receiving the most earnest and constant attention of the government. Bat, unbappily,a great portion of the people of this country, promptea by teelings which bave drawn their attention 1o extraneous matters, bave arrived at a con- clusion which, in the opinion of Her Majesiy’s govern- | ment, if carried into effect, would alike Ue injurious to | the permanent and important inte: tatal to any chance of preserving the peace of Europe. BRITISH ENTHUSIASM, “The people of England were the most enthusiastic in the world, if not the most excitabie, and ciearly in- formod aud weil directed enthusiasm was the finest support a Ministry could. possess, Even if not well in- formed and rightly directed 1t was always a fecling tend- ing toelevateacountry, Itinvolves danger, however. ‘The danger at sacha moment is that designing poll- ticians may take advantage of such sublime senti- ments aod may apply them forthe furtherance of their sinister ends. (Great cheering.) 1 do not think thera is any language which can denounce too strongly conduct of this description. (Renewed eheers.) He $18 of England and | T: who at sueh a moment would avail nimself of such a commanding sentiment in order to obtain his owa in- dividual ends, suggesting a course which he may know | to be injurious to the interests of the country, und not | favorable to (he weilare of mankind, 1s aman whose | cunduct no language can too strongly condemn. Ho | outrages the principle of patriotism, which is the soul ot iree communities. He does more—he influences in | the moat injurious mani the common welfare of bu- manity. (Cheers.) Such conduct, if it be pursued by | any man at this moment ought to be indignantly reprobated = toe people of England; tor ym the general havoc and ruin which it may bring about it may, I think, be fairly de- scribed as worse than any of those Bulgarian atrocities woich now occupy attention.” (Loud cheers.) THE, KNGLISH PART IN THE PLAY. Lord Beaconsfield proceeded to say that he was quito wiles to teil is audience what the government now thought of the prospect of maintaining peace and of maintaining what ne thought was not of inierior impor- tance—the Vital interests vi this country, He recalled the rejection by the government of the Berlin meta- oranduam, “Ine government had boen blamed for nut accompanying this rejection by a proposal of ubeir own. They did, however, make a proposal of their own. Lora Derby, who 1s described every day in tho news- | papers ng a Minister wno does nothing and suggests | nothing, lost no time im laying down the priuciples | upoa which he thought the tranquillity of the East of | Europo might be secured. He taid down the principles | upon which he tuought that the relations beiween the | Porte and its own Coristian subjects ought to be | established, These communications were occur: coustantiy, | may say, between Her Majesty’s govero- ment aaa the five other Powers, and I wilt suy that there nover was anything more monstrous in invention than the story which has Deen generally circulated that at this time we were | carryiug On # sort of war with Russia; thut everytuing she proposed wo opposed, and that everything we sug- | gested she circumvented. Frem the moment that wo dechned, und gave our reasons why we declined, enter- ing into the Berlin memorandum, there was, on tho whole, | should say, gn the part of every one of ttc great Powers cordial attempts.to act with us way which would bryng about a satisfactory termina- tion, but by no Pow as by Russia.” As the it was the veltef of Lord By m the lute spring peace—and peace oh principles which would have been aporoved by every wise and good man—might nave been accomplished. But then came the . WAR BETWEEN SBRVIA AND TURKEY. “Servia declared war upon Turkey. That is to say, the secret societies of Kurope declared war upon Tur- key. In the attempt to conduct the goverument of thre world there are pew elements to be woich our predecessors had not to deal with. We have now to deat with pri and with mi % societies, 4 element which we mast take into account, and whicu at the last moment nay aflle all our arrangements— societies which have regular agents everywhere, wuich countenance a: ination, and which, if necessary, couid produco a massacre, ' Well, there was an end, of course, to our negotiations. The war went on—'this outrageous and wicked war, for of all the wars that ever were waged there ifable than the war mad the Porte. The Porte may have ten thousand faults—I will not say ten thousand crimes, but ten thousand its—and those ite its weak government and other circumstances may lead unbap- pily to crimes, But still there ts not the slightest doubt that, as regards the, reations between Servia and the Porte, not only every principle of international law, not only every principle of pabiie morality, bat every principle of honor was outraged. What, bow. over, did te goverument do alter this fatal mistake had been made? ENGLISH ATTRMPTS AT MEDIATION. “The moment that Hor Majesty's government ascer- tained that Servia was beaten, exhausted and m a state of much despair We communicated confidentially with Servia, We sart:—'Wo cannot otter to mediate, be- cause that would be liavle to misanderstanding, and it was a war jess } by | Servia corded by the agent: one goveroment against nother government with which i is im friendly Utanee, wight be said hereafter it was becauso of our oforing to mediate taas you did aot make the defence of whica NEW YORK HERALD. MONDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1876—TRIPLE SHEET. you were capablo; but if you find yourself in a position 10 Which your aflairs are desperate communicate with id we wil! give you the fricadly offices can.’ Well, what happe: In a very @ Servia came to Ei nd and said what you can for ax’ We by tor them. (Loudcheers.) Lord Derby, the Minist a thing—(lauguter)—earried through a succe: Mediation under the most difficult circuinstances. Tur- key was triumphant, she bad crushed theso ungrate- | tw! sabjegts of the suzerain, But Lord Derby not only induced all the Powers to act with him in mediation; he obtained the most dificult thing in the worid—an armistice, Now, what was the next step’ Why, the Next Step was tor Lord Derby on the part of the gov- ernment to recur exactly to the position which he oc- cupied betore the Servian war. That position wi 2 attempt to settle, with the concurrence of allt! ers in Europe, the future relations that should subsist between tbe CHRISTIAN SURJECTS OF THE PORTE andthe Turkish government. Why (asked Lord Beas consiield) are wo to ve opposed, why are we to be at- 5 THE, ASTRONOMERS’ SEARCH The Scientific World in Expectation of the New Discovery. VULCAN'S = PUZZLING TRANSIT. Leverrier’s Calculations, Labors and Predictions, tcked, because such 18 our object, such our aim? The ‘country m some of ite exbibivions has completely | THE PROBLEMS OF THE SPHERES. out-Heroded the must extrava:ant conceptions. They pea us that nothing will satisfy them ox- pene cept the expulsion of the Turks from Eu- Tope and the ‘estitution of Slavonic govern- Inthe Hawa of September 97 the position ofthe ments—whether imperial, royal or republican, 1 am atalossto know. Now Her Majesty’s government, and as I believe (he goverument of every country, are periectiy aware toat if such plans are attempted to be carried into ‘flect we shall be landed in a European War of no slight duration, The question for Engiand | 1o consider was, Is it wiser that we should Aliow the | government to goon and to earry, it they can, their Plans into effect or not? As tar as I can form an opiaion, Lord Beaconsfield proceeded, “there is a sin cere desire on the part of all the great Powers at this | moment at once, aud without aby unaccessary waste | of tune, to come to genera? conclusions Upon the sub- Ject, aud the principles of the English sottlement are principles which, in my mind, are favored by the other Powers. What more.can you want?’ (Cheers,) Tho poble Earl, in concluding bis remarks on the Eastern question, recommended the critics of the government to follow Mr, Gladstone’s example, and recall any preposterous notion they might have had that they can suddenly turn all tho Turks out of Europe Sending 1,000,000 Moors and Jews out of Spain a good mauy years ago so cow vulsed that nation that it bas never recovered itself, aud Kurope sult even at this moment from that act. I am quite eon- vinced that Mr, Giadstone, on reflection, never in- tended anything of the kind. It he had gone to the House of Commons and proposed to the House of Com- mons and to the Spoaker to attend Greenwich Fair and | to go to the top of Greenwich Hill and all roll down to the bottom, I declare be would not have proposed any- thing more absurdly incongruous.” The speaker then ajluded to the approaching elec- tion, and humorously concluded his speech by propos- tug that while he wished the best man to win he would expect any friend of his who loses to-morrow to accept his imvitation to dine with him and the asso- ciation next year. THE TWEED CAPTURE. OPINIONS ON THE CAUSES AND PROBABLE RE- SULTS OF HIS ARREST—THE WHEREABOUTS | OF, WILLIAM: M, TWEED, JB. The return of Boss Twood, the causes which led to his being handed over by the Spanish authorities and the results that will foHow his arrival here, forma hhvoly and interesting topic of conversation among our local politicians, not a few of whom were tn the ranks when be was in the zen:th of his power, A few of them, wo have graterul recollections of him, cling to the bope that Tweed is not in: custody, and that the man now on bis way here is Secor, as Hunt insists, One of the friends of the Boss remarked, “What a huge joke it would be it it wasn’t him, after all, and ‘how sore some of the republicans would {eel over it!"” .“Why do you think so?” asked the reporter, ‘“Bo- cause I look on the whole business political deal. If it 1s Tweed, now that they’vo got bim in the hole | again, they hope to make him peach on some of his old partners in tho interest of the republican party. But it he has anything to give away ho won't doit. He’s | got plenty of nervo and they can’t make him weaken. Thero’s another little point in his coming tbat shows the object of bringing him over just at this time. You planet Vulcan in the solar system, its physical con- dition, # movements and probable path were de- scribed, The researcucs of Leverrior which led to his prediction of Neptuno’s discovery wero explained in the Heraup of the 29h. It remains to sea how the | same celebrated astronomer, now gray in years and in science, comes, in a similar manner, to foretell the transit or passage of Vulcan between the earth and the sun, After Leverrier’s triumph of 1846 he undertook the gigantic task of exploring tho paths of all the Planets of the solar system with a view to ascertain what further disturbances took place among those worlds in making their endless circuits about the sun, If disturbances hitherto unnoticed were now observ- able, 1t would follow that other planetary spheres un- seen to men should exist to producethem. After throe years’ labor in this domain of science Leverrier read belore the French Academy of Sciences memoranda of further researches into the movemenis of the planets. In 1863 he had so far progressed that be presonted to the Academy tables of the sun’s rotation, with a com- piste description of that group of numerous litte bodies, called asteroids, which ly round the sun like the other planets, yet always keep between the/path of Mars and that of Jupiter, SOURCE OF A FRESH DISCOVERY. At length, in 1859, he observed a slight perturbation in a pomt of Mercury’s path, which, in sstronomeal parlance, is called lis perihelion. This term simply donotes that point of a planet's track which is nearest to the sun. Leverrier observed that this point of Mer- oury's tack sbifted a litte irom time to time, His conclusion was that the change was duo to the pres- ence of ono or more planetary bodies wheeling bet een the sun and Mercury's tr In September of the sume year he communicated those views to the Academy. ‘The pubitcation of this paper called forth the account of an observation taken several months previously that caused a stir in scientitic circles. On | hearing of Leverrier’s supposition Lescarbault, a prac- Using physician in the Department of Eure-et-Loire, Who was algo an amateur astronomer, declared thas in the alternoon of March 26 of that year, while examin- ing the sun’s sarface at Orgéres, he had seen a round body, like a pitchy speck, smaller than Mercury, mak- ivy w transit across tho sun’s face, It drifted, like the | other interior pianots 1 transit, 1rom east to west, bet | its velocity was greater than that of either Mercury or Venue. Impatient to heur the details of the new phe- nomenon Leverrier, wo at that lime was invested with the tle and full authority of Director of the Ob- | Servatory, ned to Orgéres to see the physician LEVERRIEK?S VISIT TO THE DISCOVERER, Tho mevting o1 the two observers was raver stormy. Leverries, nervous to find out whether his views were correct and cqually fearful of deception, rashed into the amateur’s office and, m anything but a pacific tone, exclaimed:—"then, itis you, sir, who pretend to haye observed tho intra-Mercurial planet and commit- ted the unpardonable offence of keeping your obs tions secret ior nine mont The mild phys | excused Limsel( and endeavored to calm the agi scientist by declaring that he could not have presumed to trumpet his observations hike a professional as tronomer, and that he ailing Jor accounts of ob- | servations of the same occurrence that might have | been made by men moro prominent than himself, Leverrier impatiently interrupted him, saying:— “Where are your records of this? I want to see all soe, they've been giving it out that the Frankin { ‘can’t carry Much coul, and that it will take | her about thirty days to make the passage. } Why, tv’s only a short time sinco sho was ordered to | be at Hampton Roads withia twenty days of the day | she @as ordered there. Now, here's the point, They want to bring him in‘a few days before election and | spring him on the country asa sensation to hurt the democratic party ; but it wen’t work.” | “us au extraordinary piece of business, and one I can’t quite understand,” said an old ward politician on the west side, ‘why the government should take such au interest in his capture. I doo’t think it cao have any political siguificance, Tweed cannot bo identified with the democratic party of to-day, and brs arrest | will have no more eflect than Morton’s bloody shirt, Thoy’re both played ont in the way of political capital. It may be -that Sherif Conaer got the government. interested in the matter so as to save himself any re- sponsibility.”? P “Wnat do you think will bo th return?” 3 “It wou’t amount to Anything more than bis | imprisopment. They* can’t get muci money out of him anyhow, for bis lawyers have got the mosi of it already. As an example to other pubiic officials bis arrest may do good, but I don’t think New York city will get engugh of the money back to pay for bringing him over.” | Another politician who was on close torms with Tweed ‘good old days,” spoke of them, said:— “He's all right if he 1s arrested. They couldu’t have caught him if he wasn’t wiljing, He knows what he’s about, and the ehances are 8 made some arrange- ment for the tip bome. Why, look at the way thoy treat the old man on voard tho Franklin. Do you sup. | pose they'd give him the best quarters on board if there wasn’t something in it?” Such ig the tonor ot opinion among tho workers for | many Hall under Tweed—men who sported in | tho:r bosoms in those days miniatures of the headlight diamond worn by the Boss himsell. But these ui mouds have beon sold ata discount, and thei shirt bosoms are crumpled and sotled, and they lor back with regret to the days when they drew their monthly checks the year round for “working their devstrests’’ around election time. WILLIAM M. JWEED, JR. The whereabouts of Tweed’s son has been a matter of doubt, and contradictory statements are received daily. The man seen in Hunt’s company, who regis- tered as R. Sands ata hotel in Vigo, is said to be him, bat from another source he is claimed to be a son-in- law of Tweed, named Maginni New Orleans. The latest report is the statement of a gentleman residing in this city, who knows young ‘Tweed. He claims to have seen him about four or five days before the pews came of his father’s capture in Spain. He saw him crossing Union square with a companion, who was apparently @ laboring man. ng Twoed was walking toward Fourteenth street very rapidity, and his companion alvernately walked and ran at bis side to keep up with him, He was drested ina handsome sky blac suit. He carried no luggage with him, but is por ie he may have lett for Vigo immediately on receipt of the news of his father’s capture. result of his THE CENTENNIAL REGATTA, FURTHER DENUNCIATIONS OF THE MISMANAGE- MENT. [From the Pall Mall Gazetto.] The accounts which are given by New York papers of the later days of professional racing at tho late Cen- tennial regatta fuily bear out the opinions which we expressed whon telegrams of results first reached England, Wo now learn how it was that the Thames professionals did not perform so woll in the races for | sculls and pairs as thoy did in the four-oar roces. They were set to row their heats for sculls end pairs on the saine days that they rowed for fours, the 1our-car races the papers myself.” The doctor wont aside and rum- maged amon, some old papers. Ho drew forth asad looking manuscript which, Leverrier said, ‘was covered | with audanum and grease,’? Without w: ine all this document forth, well; but the tustruments, sir; where are all your ap. pliancgs? your chronometer?” Lesearbault pulls out of his vest pocket an aatediluvian watcti of gigantic di- mensions. ‘Ho! that 1s useless for observations; it is four minutes wrong now, Besides, it has no hand for secouds, How did you count seconds”? THE ASTRONOMICAL PENDULUM, Tho physicum assures him that bo kept the time well, and produces an ivory ball with a thread ted to ) it, Waich be used as a pendulum, Levernier hangs ,it ou a hook and sets it swaying to and fro, He times it | with bis owa chronometer watbb, ‘Yes; that 1s not so bad.” tu a sunilar way the great asiropomer pro- ceeds to investigate every instrument and paper used by Leacarvault uuring the supposed trensit. Many of the calcalations jacidenial to the mata features of the work, however, are not tobe found. ‘The physician assures him that he has not had sufficient con- venienees for keeping them, and shows a huge, smovld plank, speckied with squadrons of figures in lead pencil, which he used during tho observation, and which, when it was full, he brushed off with a few sweeps of a pianc, His various meusuroments of the planet's position on the sun and its distances from the rim during Various stages of ite transit were still extant in. chalk on a blackboard. (Leverricr compares ali tue notes with the observor’s letter respecting the phenomenon and finds some slight discrepancies between thom, whereupon le again becomes fired und avows that the observations have been faisitied. of the diflerences, however, anu aiter a long and labori- ons Investigation of the cnure affair, Leverrier arrives at the conclusion that the work was genuine, and furthermore |bat the observed phenomenon wat planet. From tho statistics furnished by Lesmroault, the indefatigable astronomer made an ESTIMATE OF TIK YLANKT’S POSITION and path, and in the foliowing year be commur.mas to tho Academy the detaiis of the observation anu um own deductions, From the statements then maue, jt would appear that the clerents ot the new piapet’s po Gition aud orbit are:— Lougitude of ascending node, 12 deg, 09 min, Inclination of orbit, 12 deg. 10 min, } Semi-axis major, 0.143. Daily betiocentnic motion, 18 deg. 16 min. Ye Sun’s apparent width (his apparent diameter to us being regarded as unity), 6.79. Mean distance from the sun, 23,082,000 miles. From the observations made by Mr. Lummis, of Man- chester, in March, 1962, and those of Stark and Schmidt, which were alluded to tn the HeraLp ol Sep- tember 37, the following table has been eonstructed by Vi Longitude of ascending node, 62 deg. 22 min. Inclination ot orbit, 10 deg. 21 min. Daily heliocentric motion, 20 deg. 32 min. Daily belioceutric motion (a second estimate), 17 deg. 30 min. Distance from sun, 12,076,000 miles. Semi-axis major, . 152. Rauau offers tho following as the most probable fig- ures respecting Vuican:— Semi-axis major, . 144. } Hetocentric vaily motion, 18 dog. 5 min. Solar distance, EXPLANATION OF THE TRANSIT. If we conceive Vulcan's track to be ‘ing of silver round the sun, we, in going round, would see the run apparentiy colliding with opposite points: of suid ring twice d year, These two opposite potnts of that circle are Vaican’s nodes. Every ro we pass the same pomts of that track, Vulcan passes through thom every three weeks. But Vuican plays asort of hide- and-seek with us, #0 that when he passes through a node the earth is either too early or too late to seo him move directly between her and the sun. Sometimes 1t happens, however, that both get there about the same time, in which case un observer over @ savere three-milo courso coming first and tho the earth may perceive the planet ing between other races afterward, the Thames mon meeting fresh | 0” ‘he carl may permetve tie iolnuned ts anit tobe itn antagonists while they wero already tired by | transit, ‘The oarth passes ono of the nodes of Vulean about April 2 and the opposite node about October Previous exertions. Higgins, the crack London | Yoruyen days belore or alter these dates, 11 Vulean sculler, seems to havo tried his luck, tired a8 | happens to pass the node, he will appear like a dark ho was, against a fresh opponent of tho name of Luther, in the sculls, and to have hada foul with him. The race was then ordered to be rowed again on tho | following day, when Higgins, having other races on hand, withdrew from the sculls, Green and Thomas, who are fair London scullers, though by no means at the top of tie troe, lost their sculling heats, when pitted, after the fours, against untired antagonists, ‘Tos exertion of rowing more than one three mile raco eich day for two days in succession no doubt made the Thames men somewhat siale on the third day. They | then met the Haiifax crew in the foal heat of the fours, | ‘The Halifax men had rowed in other races than the | four-oar raco on the first day, and had a thorough rest on the second while tae Thames men were Spot projected on the sun's face. ‘The riag wade by Vuican #o hes tp space that half of it jres below the level of the earth’s circle and haif above it, Vuleau is at preseft moving upward and will pass from the to the upper part of bh: k during the comin, nsit, Henee this node of Octo. ber is called the uscending node. THR OCCURKENCK AS VIEWHD FROM THR SUN, To an observer at tbe sun today the earth would seem sweeping gradually toward this point of her \rack, considerably abead of Vulcan. Mut the latter orb would be seen to move inach faster and gain kept up until the morning of the 3d inst, when Vul can, in race track parinnce, Would come up neck and rth, and, afer a momentary ssruzgle, ach body would puraue its own course toiling in other races. Any one who knows how veiore, The point at which tho earth is caretul Henley and U crews aro to | outstripped is the piace and time of the transit, havo a orough «di the day before | Could the solar observer sean the surince of the earth Henley regatta or betore & University match, and who | knows the vaiue of such a rest will anderstand what a | heavy handicap it must have been for the Thames men to not only have to rest on the second day, but alto to row a double amount of races oa the first day. At tho samo time, this Halifax crew seem to™have been by no means despicabie antagonists. They rowed the Thames inen a bard race to within halfa mile of home, when ‘Toames led by a short distance. Thames then, been fouled by their antagonists, eased ap and tet Hi itax go in tire without furtl for ing the raco upon the foul, and saving themscives could for the (inal heat of pairs, wi This Halitax crew was twenty-three pounds per man heavier than the Thames crew. ‘@ said at the time of the Thames regatta that this Thames four was too hght and did not oy any means contain the four best men of the Thames, thong it was a good average far as thi bad to follow, four. turned out they may think themselves very fortunate to have won the four-oar race at Paila- daulphta, tor % plain that American rowing ts 1m- proved since the oared race ound Gi ae 4 pitted against of Hamill, in 1866. The pair- tho best Thames hardly nope to win if t to row, and #0 It proved; but whether Thames conid have won under any rirsnemstences it wo donot ifer avy opinion, . he woald see it decked with parailel telescopes and o handred eyes turned sunward watching the planetary struggle as intently as though {t were a race with the fiery .oas and their fortnues were staked on the result. The reported transit of 1862 as viewed by Mr. Lammis “was in all probability not that of Valean, inasmuch as the date of the observation (March 20) was tuo carly to admit ofa transit. Iv further EXPLANATION OF THE STATISTICS above enumerated, it may be that t viewed from Vulcan Brewt as 1t seems to us. & suriace looks tiity times as I amount of light and heat poared down on the Valean orb are proportionately intensified, By the term ‘greatest possible clongation”’ is signified the greavest apparent distance to which Valcan ever moves out from thesun. Tho figure .143, denoting its semi-axis, relers to tue halt breadth of Vuican as compared with that of the earth. ‘The inclination of Vulean’s orbit 1s the angle at which the earth and Vulcan would (to the solar observer) seem to come together, while th wor's “longitade of ascending node’ denote how meeting point Is from a certam la reed upon by astronomers. The hetiocenire motion is the apparent velocity of a planet as surveyed from the centre of the eun, INCIDENTAL, DISCOVERIES, The rosults of Levorricr's researchua breadth of the sun seven times the wi respecting Vul- Lescarvault explains the trivial pasure | rapidly upon theearth. This piabetary race would be | ean were that astronomical science has becn vastly bone- od especially on the theory and tables of Mars, firmed that between the sun and the path of Mars there exist pumerous asteroids whose combined ight ie equal to that of the planet Mercury. He also asserted that between the carth’s orbit and the solar sphere there 18 a group of similar bodies whose uzited masses must equal one-tenth that of the earth. He was of the opin. fun that the asteroids in the zone between and Jupiter would weigh one-third as much as the earth, ‘These estimates must, however, be modified by the ro- sults of the transit of Venus, which, by reducing the sun's distance, will proportionately diminish the masses = of 1 the celestial bodies, the moon, compared with the the earth, ‘Several years ayo, determined to explore the entire circle within the earth’s orbit, he advised mass” of others to make similar investigations be; the earth's orbit, with a view to the discovery ol mal- ter yet unknown that might exist there 0 has given more attention to the movements of the inferior Planets than any other astronomer, it is highly prob- able that the scientific world will witness once again a ot genius. Should the expected transit will be nothing daunted at his fauure, an tiess continue bis researches until he ucvetls the mysterious force which has Jed to tho threstold of a gew discovery. The astronomical world is astir on the eveof the eventful day. Preparations have been made in the important cbservatories throughout the world for due observation of the phe- nomenon. It is to be hoped that fair weather may contribute to the success of the day's labors, THE WEED-STEPHENS CONTROVERSY, ANOTRER LETTER FROM MR, WEED—GENERAI PLEASANTON’S KECOLLECTION To tux Eptron ov tHe HxnaLp:— Much tomy surprise the Hon, Alexander H. Stephens reappears in the Hxxatm I should be quite willing to yet him have the last word, as he had the first, in this controversy, if the truth of history would permit it, Mr, Stephens has been enabled to protract this diseus- sion by taking advantage of an incomplete sentonce in my first letter. While my statement, that the ques- tion of admitting California as a free Stave occasioned j the “stormy imterview” of Messrs, Steph. and Toombs with General Taylor was trne, yet inmm~eot the whole trutn, When tt became apparent that free California could not be kept out of the Union eight members of Congress, as Mr. Stephens bimself sayt (including Messrs, Stephens and Toombs), mol and londed down the California State Admission bill with bills extending slavery into free territory, paying the Texas debt and enacting a siringent and vindictive Fugi- tive Slave law. These measures were known asthe “Com- promise” or Omnibus” scheme, to which President ‘Taylor was inflexibly opposed. Mr. Stephens apd Gen- eral Toombs both admit that they endeavored to change the President’s views, but deny that in thp im. terview referred to there were threats of disunion on one side and ot hanging of the other, My own distinct recollections of that interview have been Iully and specitically confirmed and corroborated by a letter from ex-Vice President Hamlin, who saw those gentlemen pass out of the Executive apartment two or three min- utes before | met them passing from the White House to Pennsylvania avenut Tho last lettor of Mr. Stephens would scarcely have calied for a reply but for the following paragraph :— Mont rite loosely nro otten utterly upset in their crew cy by Aw single little tact. It is Oliver Wendell Holmes, I believe. who so beautify illustrates the mishap and disaster which often « most, brilliant conversations in this way. The x bubble, with its rainbow tints, is burst b: ot the point of i fact. cortuinty overdid the mutter, informed him “that he had told them (Messrs, Toombs and Steptens) that if thoy atempted tu carry thelr threats into execution he wouid personally tae command of the army, aders taken i rebellion would be hung with tuan he hung spies and traitors in Mexivo.” ‘This ts cortainly » higuly wronghe patciotie x bat the gorgeous bubble, ay it is here produced, eannot stand the touch of « single bat notorious fact, lilsturical in ite character —and that is, that General Taylor. in his whol campaizn in Mexico, the shedding of human blood except in the bi Nov less fortunately for me than unfortunately for Mr. Stephens 1am enabled to confirm and corrobo- rate that part of my letter which Mr. Stephens has un- dertaken to discredit, The letter of Mr. Stephent attracted the attention of General Pleasonton, a highly } Intelligent officer, who served with distinction bota 10 the Mexican war and in the Union army during, the rebellion. His letter, which follows, 18 so full and clear as to require no further preface or comment;-— GENKRAL PLEASANTON’S LETTER, New Yor, Sept. 22, 1876, Hon. Tavriow Wren, Now York city :— Dean Sin—l have justroad in the New York Herne of September 19 a letter of the Hon, Alexander tt. Stephens, of Georgia, in reply, as be state: Weerl's last communi oft history, which appeared ia the Hexavp of the 2ist | of August Inst. |. Mr. Stephens in this ter attempts to show that- You were mistaken in the report of your interview with General Taylor, in which be qioies you in the following language, viz.:—He says that General Tay. lor informed him that he (taylor) had told them (Messrs, Toombs and Stephens) ‘that il they altempted to carry their throats into execution he woald per- sonaily take command of tho urmy and that the leaders taxen in rebellion would be hung with | hesitation than he hung spies and traitors in Mexico.’ Permit me in support of your s\ n some facts coming within my own q ¥ the simpie touch Now, Mr. Weed in this statement te nsys that G neral Taylor ‘Taylor did regard the Southern loaders tuen in Con- gress as encouraging and promoting disanion and that such conduct be looked upon as treasouable, I served in the army in Mexico under Generai Taylor and knew him weil, On more than one occasion be confided to me tmportant and responsible duties, and he alwaye treated me with a kindness | shall never forgot, At the end of the war I moved with my command in the summer of 1848 to New Mexico, that country havi deen annexed tothe United States by the treaty of adaloupe Hidaigo. I remained there until spring of 1849, whon I we to California, and crossing the country I arrived there in th pars of the summer, returning to the Eastin the spring of 1844, and Iwas in Washington in April of that year, Shortly after my arrival in Washingtua I called to pay my respects to my old conmander, Geaeral Taylor, who was then Prosidept. Ho received me very cor. dially, and when he discovered I had visited both New Mexico and California since the conclusion of the war he was very desiro f obtaining all the informa. tion | could impart concerning them, and during my stay in Washington I had several tengtby interviews with him 1n refereace to both New Heo and Califoruia, 10 which the politcal condition oF each formed a pro inent feature, the efforts of the South to legislate siavery into both of these countries during Genera Taylor's administration being well known, In the latter part of June, 1850, 1 suddenly received orders to join my command in New Mexico, aud I called upen General Taylor on the Ist of July, only erght days bofore ho died. He was 1a excellent health, was vers glad to see me, and upon my mentioning my orders for New SMexico, ue said :—*'1 am glad you are going to New Mexico. 1 want officers of judgment and experience there. These Southern men in Congress are trymg t¢ bring on vivil war. They are now organizing a military force in Texas for the purpose of taking possession of New Mexico and annexing it to Texas, and { have ordered the troops tn Now Mexico to be reimforced and dorected that no armed fores {rom Texas be permitted to go into.that Territory. Tell Colonel Monroe (com- manding to New Mexico) he has my entire confidence, and if he bas not force enough [ will sond tne whole army out there to support kim, and then chis features assuming the firmost and most determined expressiog) those people shall go into that cotntry or have a foot of that Territory. The whole business is infamous and must be put down.”’ This was my last imterview with General Taylor. Mr. Filimore succeeded him as President and hastened to countermand General Taylor's orders jarding New Mexico and yielded to all the demands of the Southera leaders, who immediately passed through Congress ali those measures which Mr. Stephens declares were necessary “to conciliate the opposing sect terests and to promote GP tual and union of coequal States.” The South #: by these measures, as we declared war ou the Union and tho such was their hatred of the Union they Unron flag and fought the rebellion under a flag repre- wonting disuuion, The rebellion was created for union, and the measures brought forwar’ at thas time and opposed by General Tavior were | ded to pros duce it, General Taylor was a South man and large slaveholder, but aoove all ho wasa patriot in t Jargost sense, and knew the South and its lead better than any man of his timo, Mr. Stephens says that Goneral Taylor could have addressed himself to you as represented, as (General Taylor) bad stated im a@ letter trom Baton Rouge, La, August 1848:—"‘Not_ a drop of American blood was 5 by Ae tay order whije iu Mexico, nor that of a xican, except in the heat of battie.”? In this letter General ressed himself as @ soldier, ad never, in aD arbitrary maoner, ordered an Ameri- canto be shot, But men were shot in Mexico by sen- tence of court martial or military commissions; for | was present myself at Camargo when eight soldiers wore shot at the same & General neve or er cen bs aud Stopbens y his simple order; in case they were ouught, tried and convicted of treason be 7 tence of death to be carried out and they need pot ex- | pect bet Bayt Beeb "4 Gener “ alone, as ing some ot tho Southern leaders of Nutcase (retora, | oned to hang Mr. Callsoun as & traitor 1 sou th resisted: course of rosidents re leaders of the South were for oth oxpressed the opinion, it they were ally aqueiched, they would’ eventually war, Neliher lived to neo thate Mr. Stephens 1s unduly sensitive eth % vou and had wi : Proportig great endurance comes the owt and trainers of ani mai to disparage his proportions remaia, with very great reupect, your rg ‘Yours, reapectfalr — 8 at tho time, which contirm your evidence, that General © Iwill be with you mysel!, but I will be there before |