The New York Herald Newspaper, September 26, 1876, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1876.—TRIPLE SHEET. « NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year, Four cents per copy. ‘Twelve dollars per year, or one dollar per month, free of postage. All business, news letters or telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York Henrarp. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- burned, EE PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—NO.112 SOUTH SIXTH STREET. LONDON OFFICE OF THE NEW YORK HERALD—NO, 46 FLEET STREET. PARIS OFFICE—AV. 1 DE L'OPERA. Subscriptions and advertisements will be received and forwarded on the same terms in New York. AMUSEMENTS GRAND OPERA HC SIROFLE AND GIROFLA NIBLO'S GARDEN, BABA, at 8P. M. UNION TWO MEN OF SAND BROOK UNCLE TOM’S CAB BOW FLYING SCUD, at 8 wi THE FATALIST, at 8 CONCERT, at 8’, Ly GIROFLE-GIROFI BOOT, SARDANAPALUS, at 8 PD Booth. EATRE, Bangs and Mrs, Agnes A THEATRE, GERMA LUFTSCHLOESSER, at PAR CLOUDS, at 8 P.M. WAL THE MIGHTY DOLL ence. CHATE VARIETY, at 8 P.M. Mati or VARIRTY AND Dii COLUMBIA ©. VARIETY, at 8PM. THEATRE », TARIETY, at 8P. M. TIVOLI 4 FARTETY, at 8 P. M. MURRAY Performance attern PARI #8 P.M, Matineo at SAN FRA atSP.M. KELLY & LEON atsP. M. THIRD VARIETY, at 8P. 3 E BURLESQUE, OLI NEW YORK, TUBSDAY. SEPTEMBER 26, 1876, From our reports this morning the probabilities are that the weather to-day will be cool and clearing. Wat Srnerr Yzsterpay.—Stocks were generally lower and a feverish feeling pre- vailed at the close. Gold opened at 1101-8 and closed at 110. Government and railway bonds were in the main steady, although not active, Axucrens is uneasy over the prospect of another outbreak against French rule, but the Arats have not another Abdel Kader. An Eantuqvaxe 1s Inprana.—Indiana was more shaken up on Sunday night than New York, and a fine field of inquiry is opened for the philosophers who may deter- mine whether the great explosion, expend- ing its main force downward, so disturbed the equilibrium beneath the crust of the earth as to give a contre-coup under the prai- ries. Free Cuuncues.—The consecration of Grace chapel yesterday by Bishop Potter, of the Episcopal Church, was an interesting peremony, and indicates an energetic deter- mination to provide church room for all who want to worship God whether they can pay fora pew or not. The reverend doctor's re- marks on the progress of the ftee church movement deserve attention. ° Cnowpep Horets are not a bad indication of the return of better times. That the merchants from the interior speak hopefully of business prospects is encouraging ; that | some of the transient visitors are economical and beat down the price of room rent and hack hire is not a bad sign. It is something new to our hotel and hack people, but we ‘Tue Dreany Catanoavr of diss is swelled to-day by the foundering of a steamer bound from one Australian port to another, with a loss of seventy lives. A British ship with three hundred coolies on board is aiso reported missing. The foun- dering of the steamer Liberty on her way to this port from Havana was, happily, unat- tended with loss of life. An Exouisn Fortress on Spanish soil makes trouble. Gibraltar has become a smugglers’ nest, and from the course of the taptains of the men-of-war stationed, there it would seem these violators of the Spanish customs laws have a quasi protection ac- torded them. Spain has remonstrated warmly against the latest high-handed arrest bf Spanish revenue officers, and the English have liberated the prisoners, whose offence seems to be merely doing their duty to their government. New Yonk has had enough of the Beecher scandal, Heaven knows. We do not want any more of it. For our part we should be quite willing to have the Moulton malicious prosecution case tried in Saturn or Neptune. The affidavit and counter affidavit laid be- fore Judge Westbrook yesterday in this case and the flavor of sulphurous personality that pervaded the remarks of counsel recall the days of the long trial in Brooklyn just as arose recalls the summer—only the recol- lection is not a savory one. ~Cooler and clearer wen- ther will prevail for some days, as an area of high pressure advances eastward over the entire country from the Rocky Mountains. In New York State the weather will be af- fected by the depression now moving across Canada, but only fora short time. Partial cloudiness, higher temperature and possibly light rain will prevail in ths northern part of the State; but in the southern portion and at New York city cool and clearing wea- ther will be experienced to-day, ? Attorney General Taft's Defence of His Circular. We printed, yesterday, a despatch from our regular correspondent at Washington conveying the complaint of Attorney Gen- eral Taft that the Hrratp has done him in- justice, and defending his circular against the criticisms which have been directed against it. Weare constrained to say that Mr. Taft’s arguments and citations fail to convince us, but we are not sorry that he has given an occasion for pointing out what we conceive to be his mistakes of law and faults of logic, Weare aware that his position as the chief law adviser of the government creates a strong presumption that he is cor- rect and we are in error, We ask no reader to accept our assertions, but only to examine our proofs, . We will first show, by evidence so clear as to forestall contradiction, that Attorney Gen- eral Taft, in preparing his circular, pro- ceeded with slovenly haste, which precipi- tated him into gross and glaring inaccura- cies. In the very beginning of his circular he asserts that ‘‘elections at which members of the House of Representatives are chosen include by law elections at which electors of President and Vice President are ap- pointed.” There is no statute which gives the least countenance to this opinion, and it is in flagrant repugnence to the constitution. The authors of the act giving the federal government supervision of elections were too sound and well instructed as lawyers to make any allusion to the appointment of Presidential electors in the bill which they prepared. They were careful to limit it to “an election for Representatives or Delegate to the Congress of the United States.” The reason of this limitation lies in that sec- tion of the constitution which declares that the electors shall be appointed by each State ‘in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct.” The federal government has not the slightest right of interference. Any State that chooses may appoint its Presidential electors by its Legislature, and thts method was actually adopted by several States at an earlier period and was continued by one of them down to the time of the civil war. Many States will choose no members of Congress next November, but only Presidential electors. Vermont and Maine have already elected their Congressmen ; Ohio, Indiana and several other States will elect theirs in October; New Hampshire chose hers in March and Connecticut hers in April. Does Attorney General Taft really think that the federal government has a right to interfere with the November election in those States when they are to choose Presidential electors? The choice of electors stands on the same footing as the choice of State officers and is subject to federal interference in no other way. Why, then, does Mr. Taft include them within the scope of the statute? Such looseness and inaccuracy show with how little care or discrimination his circular was. prepared and justifies us in inquiring whether other parts of it are not equally at variance with law. The Attorney General asserts that the de- cisions of the Supreme Court last March declaring the Enforcement law unconstitu- tional referred only to State elections and not to federal elections. Now, itis true that the offence charged in both of those cases was committed in connection with a State election, but the reasoning of the Court was equally applicable to elections of every kind. Mr. Taft instructs the marshals in relation to “tho peace of the United States, which you are to preserve, and whose violations you are to suppress.” But the Supreme Court said:—‘‘Certainly it will not be claimed that the United States have the power or are required to do mere police duty in the States, If a State cannot pro- tect itself against domestio violence the United States may, upon the call of its Legislature or Executive, lend their assist- ance for that purpose.” Mr. Taft's instruc- tion to the marshals to preserve the peace and prevent its violation without any call from the State Executive or Legislature is in open defiance of the decision of the Supreme Court, which said, in another part of its opinion, tha¢ ‘‘the powers of internal police are not surrendered or restrained by the constitution of the United States.” The Court recognized no exception to this prin- ciple in the case of federal elections, but applied it alike to all cases in which no application has been made by the State authorities after their own power to preserve or restore internal order had been exerted in vain. On the subject of elections the Supreme Court was very explicit. ‘‘We have decided that the constitution of the United States has not conferred the right of suffrage upon any one, and that the United States have no voters of their own creation in the States.” ‘The right of suffrage is not a necessary attribute of national citizenship, but exemption from discrimination in the exercise of that right, on the ground of race, &e., is.” From these principles the Court deduced the conclusion that federal inter- ference for any other purpose than the single one of preventing discriminations on ac- count of race or color is a plain violation of the constitution. But in the Attorney General's circular the instructions are not confined to protection on that single point. On the contrary they cover everything re- lating to elections in which members of Congress and Presidential electors are to be chosen. He instructs the marshals to ‘‘se- cure voters against whatever in general pre- vents or hinders them from a free exercise of the elective franchise.” The circular thus strikes at the very foundation of the Supreme Court decision, Itis the very gist of that decision that the United States cannot inter- fere ‘in general,” but only for the one specific object of preventing discrimination on the ground of race. In the face of tho emphatic declaration of the Court that the United States have not conferred and can- not confer the right of suffrage on anybody Mr, Tatt insists on their authority ‘to enforce the right to vote which they have given.” But the most surprising thing of all is the list of references to the Revised Statutes which Mr. Taft gave to our correspondent to be communicated to us. In that list he re- fers for authority to sections which the Supreme Court have explicitly declared be void in whole and in every part! mq f position maintained by the Supreme Court | is that the Enforcement law is unconstitu- tional because it mixes up provisions giving protection to voters in general with provis- ions relating to race and color. The Court declared that it had no power to disentangle and separate the constitutional from the un- constitutional features of the law and that the whole is made null and void by the un- constitutional parts. And yet Mr. Taft cites these nullities in defence of his circular! If a law is void in toto it is, of course, void in its application to fed- eral as well as to State elections, After deciding that Congress has no power to interfere at all except for the one purpose of preventing discriminations founded on race or color the Court concludes by saying:— “We must, therefore, decide that Congress has not, as yet, provided by appropriate legislation for the punishment of the offence charged in the indictment.” As the only thing it has a right to punish in connection with the suffrage is its denial on the ground of color it is clear that there is at present no constitutional law on the subject. The principle applies equally to all elections, whether members of Congress are to be chosen or not. In conclusion we will subjoin some per- tinent excerpts from the Supreme Court de- cision:—‘‘It remains now to consider whethor a statute so general as this in its provisions can be made available for the punishment of those who may be guilty of unlawfal dis- crimination against citizens of the United States while exercising the elective fran- chise, on account of their race, &c, There is no attempt in the sections now under consideration to provide . spe- cifically for such an offence. If the case is provided for at all, it is because it comes under the general prohibition against any wrongful act or unlawful obstruction in this particular. We are, therefore, directly called upon to decide whether a penal stat- ute enacted by Congress with its limited powers, which provides in general language, broad enough to cover wrongful acts with- out as well as within the constitutional jurisdiction, can be limited by judicial con- struction, so as to make it operate only on that which Congress may rightfully prohibit and punish. For this purpose we must take these sections of the statute as they are. We are not able to reject a part which is uncon- stitutional and retain the remainder, if there be such, from that which is not.” * * * “The question then is whether we can introduce words of limitation into a penal statute soas to make it specific, when, as expressed, it is general only.” * * * “This would to some extent substitute the judicial for the legislative department of the govern- ment. Within its legitimate sphere Con- gress is supreme and beyond the control of the courts ; but if it steps outside of its constitutional limitations and attempts that which is beyond its reach the courts are authorized to, and when called upon in due course of legal proceedings must, annul its encroachments upon the reserved power of the States and the people. To limit this statute in the manner now asked for would be to make a new law, not to enforce an old one.” The whole was therefore declared void by reason of repugnance to the consti- tution. We wish Attorney General Taft would tell us how it can be dead for all pur- poses and yet alive for controlling federal elections. It is true that the decision was not pronounced in a case growing out of a federal election, but the reasoning of the Court is fatal to the annulled, act in every application. European Peacemakers. The value of the armistice was too well understood in Constantinople to have left any doubt that the Porte would refuse to ex- tend it. Persons who believe the Turk isa creature only ‘‘childlike and bland” in the hands of the diplomatic agents of the great Powers and that the cunning of statecraft isa ‘game he does not understand” may be surprised to note how opportunely he con- ceded the ten days’ armistice ending on Sunday last. So long as his soldiery swept triumphantly through Bulgaria and over the Servian frontier, driving their enemy before them, every proposition for truce met with an absolute negative. He would treat when he had taken Alexinatz, and not earlier, That was the imperious answer to every: ap- peal. But it became evident that the defeat of the Servians in front of Alexinatz had not been so decisive that the Ottoman army could safely pass that point and rush for- ward to the sack of Servian cities, And as they were halted there it further became evident that stormy weather would render immediate operations of any sort impracti- cable, and that this delay would be advanta- geous to the Servians, and might result in o Turkish retreat. Then there was a sud- den change of heart at Constantinople, and an armistice was assented to. Tho Turk agreed that the importunities of Europe should compel him to stand still at that pro- cise moment when he found it impossible to goahead. This armistice will be fully as advantageous to Abdul Kerim as to Tcher- nayeff; for the Turkish commander had, when it began, many wounded on_ his hands that he can get out of the way, and it is altogether likely that his army will be all the better for the reor- ganization of the service of hauling supplies from Nisch to the front. The paragraphs from Vienna and Constantinople which hint doubts of the chances for peace are party re- ports ; they are in the nature of preparations on one side or the other to demand more for concessions, Turkey's advance into Servia cannot bo successfully carried out this year with the resources she has in hand, and Servia grows stronger in her defence every day. This is as well known in Constantino- ple as anywhere else, andit isthe reason why Turkey will accept any peace the Powers may make. Ler tHe Man who loves to seo his girls well dressed rejoice as he reads that car- dinal red and hunter's green are the fashion- able colors. How much cardinal and how much hunter would make a judicious mix- ture we do not pretend to say, but we should think that the proportion between one ripe tomato and a dish of boiled spinach would approach the correct thing. Those who dif- fer with us on this point must read the article elsewhere and decide for themselves— more spinach or more tomato, Effects of the Blast at Hallett’s Point. In order to form a correct estimate of the result of the great explosion on the Hallett’s Point Reef we must first recall in our mem- ory: its condition previous to the commence- ment of the excavations. It was then a well recognized danger to navigation ; its ragged shelving surface, projecting outward into the channel of Hell Gate, was like a great trap set for the unwary navigator, to touch which was destruction. The shallow water that whirled over it had sufficient velocity to draw a vessel right on its most dangerous ridges, and in order to avoid it the pilot was compelled to steer so close to other obstructions that it became merely a choice between two evils both equally threatening. Now, however, the series of carefully made soundings over the sito of the reef shows that this monster obstruction has been completely shattered. The col- umns that supported the rocky roof and the roof itself lie in fragments at the bottom of the great excavation, like the ruins of a mighty temple crumbled almost into dust by the shock of an earthquake. Where the shallow currents rolled over the reef the sounding line now indicates a depth of water in which an iron-clad might float in safety, and, instead of edging away from the shoro and risking destruction in order to avoid it, the steersman can bring his vessel within fifty feet of Hallett’s Point without endan- gering her. Such is the result of General Newton's work at Hell Gate. At one blow he has demolished the rocky structure that has taken untold ages to form, and opened wider the gate of the river for the commerce of the future. But let us not grow too san- guine of final success over the rocks and reefs of Hell Gate because one of them has been conquered last Sunday. Tho great blast that was witnessed with exultation by so many thousands of New Yorkers was but the opening gun, as it were, of the great bat- tle. We have carried an important position ‘and have demonstrated the skill of our engineers in this initial suc- cess, but many explosions must take place before the obstructions of the channel cease tobe. Here let us suggest that in future a short-sighted and false econ- | omy should not be permitted to delay the prosecution of this grand undertaking. Until it is completed we cannot boast that we possess in reality all the advantages of a perfect system of water ways which are nec- essary to the prosperity of New York. The Hell Gate Channel must be thoroughly ' cleared of all its obstructions and present a perfectly safe inlet and oatlet for ships of the heaviest tonnage. With a high- way for commerce so free from danger a wonderful change will take place in the ap- pearance of the upper East River. Great steamships and tall masted barks will line the wharves. Factories, villages and cities will cover the now vacant spaces on Long Island and Westchester close to the water- line and send their productions to the shore for shipment to every part of the globe. New York will outgrow the narrow island on which she stands and will spread over such an area as will make her the rival, in size as well os wealth, of the great English metropolis. Mon Who Ought To Be Defeated. The democrats of North Carolina appear to have made a blunder in nominating one Vanco for Governor. This Vance, who seems to be a person of very little sense, on the 15th of this month, at Shelby, in a pub- lic speech, said:—‘‘Remember, that all of our brave Southern heroes who dipped their hands in Union blood, and all their leaders 1n the South are for reform and Til- den.” If the people of North Carolina are wise they will not vote for a man who has so little sense, so little humanity, so little patriotism as to utter such a brutality as this. Judge Settle, the republican candi- date for Governor, very rightly, in his reply to Vance, warned the people that it was such persons as this Vance who injure the State by keeping emigration and capital out of it and by stirring up strife and hatred within it. Mr. Goode, of Virginia, democratic candi- date for Congress, seems to have about as little sense as Vance, of North Carolina. His republican opponent is Mr. John B, Sener, an old Virginia whig, who opposed secession, and of him Goode recently said:—‘‘Can you cast your votes for the man who in 1861 voted men and money to aid in preserving the Union?” Such phrases onght to secure the defeat of those who utter them. The war is over; we at the North are trying to forget it, and sensible men of both parties here pro- test against the attempts of Northern dema- gogues to revive the war issues. It is not prudent for Southern democrats to force them into the canvass. The defeat of such persons as Vance and Goode would show that the Southern whites sre sensible and moderate ; their election only helps the worst demagogues we have to deal with in the North, and vitally injures the South. Typhoid Fever in Philadelphia. Some time since we had occasion to call the attention of that portion of the public which proposes to visit the Centennial Ex- hibition to tho necessity of taking all proper precautions in regard to tho preservation of health, and we referred to the fact that an unusually large numberof cases of typho- malarial fever wero reported as occurring among those recently returned from a visit to the Exhibition. In Philadelphia, where they seem to have a talent for taking a pro- vincial view of things, this was regarded as an assault on the city and an attempt to hurt the Exhibition by frightening away visitors, and some of the polite journalists of that neighborhood said that the whiskey, and not malaria, was the causd, In the part of the country where the observations were taken upon which that article was based the women and children do not use whiskey, and they were and are the principal sufferers; so that this Philadelphia suggestion was as erroneous as it was coarse. One painstaking inquirer has shown that in the Italian department at the Exposition seven persons have had typhoid fever, and that is a very large proportion to be afflicted with one disease in so small a circle without some more specific cause than mere carelessness as to personal habits, We need scarcely say that we have pub- lished the details in order that people may, with the facts bofore thom. form their own opinions, equally witnout any desire to hurt a great enterprise or any re- gard forthe small spirit that would cover up an evil lest it should keep away the peo- ple rather than acknowledge it and find a remedy. Let Judge Billings Go Back. Governor Chamberlain, of South Carolina, is not the only Southern republican poli- tician who chooses to leave his State just when duty demands his presence. Shortly after the meeting of the Louisiana Republi- can Conventiom a correspondent of the Henatp sent us from New Orleans some ac- count of the plan by which Kellogg, Packard & Co, hoped to carry the State. Among other particulars, it was stated by this corre- spondent that Judge Billings, of the United States District Court, would leave the State, not to return until just before the election; that arbitrary arrests of prominent demo- crats would then be made, and these would have to lie in jail, in the absence of Billings, and that thus a_ general system of intimidation’ would be car- ried on. Well, it seems Judge Billings has duly left Louisiana, and the Democratic State Committee now make a public appeal to him, in the name of justice, to return. They write to him:—‘‘We havo every reason to expect an abuse of authority; that arrests will be made arbitrarily and without just or legal cause, and for the purpose of intim- idation and harassing quiet and innocent parties. A person arrested by federal authority cannot be relieved by a writ of habeas corpus except by a justice or judge of the United States. Your absence at this time, when our people are engaged in saving their crops, and are threatened with arbi- trary arrests and imprisonment and to be dragged from one end of the State to the other, may work irreparable injury to the material interests of the State and inflict unnecessary cruelty on individuals, Your absence is tantamount toa suspension of a writ of habeas corpus in a time of profound peace—a writ of such dignity that the Pres- ident alone can suspend it in case of rebel- lion or invasion, and then only by authority of Congress. You are the only one to whom we could appeal for justice and redress, and wo do most respectfully request that you will immediately return to your home, that we may enjoy those rights and remedies which are secured to us by the constitu- tion.” It may be said that the fears of the demo- erats are groundless, though they have the experience of former elections to warn them against such republican tricks. In 1872 and 1874 arbitrary and illegal arrests were made under the orders of Marshal Packard just before the election, and purely for political purposes, ‘But whether the democratic fears are groundless or not common decency and fair play demand that Judge Billings shall immediately return to his post, and this the more inasmuch as public report foretold his absence and explained its pur- pose. If the Northern republican leaders are wise they will quietly send Judge Billings back to his court and tell him to do justice there. It is better forthe republican party to lose Louisiana than to lose the North, and the majority of Northern republicans are not inclined to see glaring injustice done in any Southern State in the interest of a parcel of political gamblers who call themselves re- publicans, and who have brought the party into ill odor all over the country. Points ‘Worth Remembering. A Presidential election is always of im- portance, as it decides the political status of the national government for four years, At this time it is of more than ordinary interest, inasmuch as the country is just now espe- cially in need of a sound financial policy and an honest and economical administra- tion. But there are other matters involved in the approaching election besides that of the choice of. » President in which the peo- ple of New York are deeply concerned. We shall elect a Mayor and other local officers in November who will have control of our mn- nicipal affairs for two or three years to come. The Hxenatp has advocated a separation of the charter ‘election from the general elec- tion, in order that the important local interests of the metropolis might not be lost sight of in the heat and passion of a political contest. We have insisted that the people ought to be allowed to vote singly and un- derstandingly for local officers, so that they might have the opportunity to securo an honest city government without being held fast in party shackles. The voters of New York agreed with ‘the Hrnaxp on this issue last year, but they were cheated by the politicians after the election. The New York city government expends thirty- six million dollars in a year. This is a large amount to handle, and upon it the politicians who hold power trade ond in- crease their influence. They fill up the public departments with their political hangers-on, and burden the taxpayers with- out improving the city or advancing the value of property. It is of great importance to every citizen of New York that the city government should be in honest and com- petent hands, and the electors should take care that they do not, under the cover of the Presidential and State tickets, vote for dis- honest or incompetent men, or for mere tnachine politicians, for the local offices to be filled in November. The city laborer has been ont of work because of the stupid do- nothing policy that has prevailed in the city for the past four yenrs. Property is de- pressed and improvements are at a stand- still from the same cause, Rich and poor are alike interested in securing a progres- sive, honest and capable city government, and no intelligent clector should lose sight of these importnnt local interests even in the excitement of « Presidential battle, Intsu Concnaturations. —The gallant body of riflemen who represented Ireland in the late shooting matches here have had some very complimentary things to say of Amer- fea throngh their spokesman, Major Leech. We now learn by cable that O'Connor Power, M. P., is cn his way hither for the purpose of presenting a congratulatory Cen- tennial address to President Grant on behalf of the Irish people, Ireland seems deter- mined to acknowledge, as far as utterance can convey, the warmth of her affection for the country which has given, a home to so many millions of her children. Give = Poor Dog # Bone Mr. John Kelly, the boss of Tammany, ia a shrewd political leader. He nominated Tilden for Governor and Wickham, “my candidato,” for Mayor, two years g0, and elected them only to lose them, He nomi- nated Frederick Smyth for Recorder last year and did not elect him and has not lost him yet. He opposed Tilden’s nomination at St. Lonis, on the ground that he was an impos- tor and a dishonest man, and Tilden was nominated by over two-thirds of the de mocracy of the Union over Kelly's head. He opposed the nomination of Lucius Robinson at Saratoga, and four-fifths of the democracy of the State, with nearly half the New York delegation, decided to make Lucius Robin son their candidate for Governor, Now Kelly believes that if he throws a bone to some self-constituted anti-lammany leader he may nominate whomsoever he may please for Mayor, put his creatures into the good, fat offices of Sheriff, County Clerk, Surrogate, Marine Court Judge,.Coroners, Aldermen and Assembly« men, and the people of New York will vote for and elect his Tammany ticket. Does Mr. Kelly believe that the indepem dent and honest democratic voters of New York would have allowed him to take pos- session of the District Attorney's office, the Recorder's office and other judicial positions last year if he had thrown a bone to some rival ward politician? Does he believe now that he can make a bargain in his secret chamber with some noisy sorehead, and by this concession be permitted to seize the city government for the next two years? If he does he had better wait until his predecessor, Boss Tweed, comes home with all the honors of war, and consult him on the subject, Secret Socictios. Lord Beaconsfield said at Aylesbury that “seoret societies of Europe, acting through Servia, had declared war on Turkey,” and that in government “there are not only sov- ereigns and ministers, but secret societies to be considered.” In his novel of ‘Lothair” he pictured tha political world of Europe as mainly moved by the underhand agency of secret societies. In short, this idea may be said to have had for along while, as it still has, a firm possession of the mind of the English Premier. This opinion of the om- nipotence of secret societies was an impor tant part of the intellectual furniture of that other very successful dreamer, the late Emperor of the French. He was at cne time himself a member of secret societies, and it might have been thought that he would have regarded them with a healthy contempt, yet it is believed that Venetia would not to-day be part of Italy, © nor Italy free from foreign rule but for the influence of the secret societies on the Emperor's mind. The faith in secret socie. ties as effective political agencies isan ap- panage of characters radically timid an& secretive, in whom an apparent temerity flows from conscious adroitness in jugglery rather than from bold confidence in theme selves, and in whom the imagination domi- nates all other intellectual attributes, The Premier has reached the most exalted station in England in defiance of all the principles that have’commonly con. ~ trolled such an advance and by a sort of hocus-pocus in political art, and he has, con- sequently, an involuntary faith in hocus. pocus. It was the same with Napoleon, Men must account for things in some way to the satisfaction of their own minds, and when they could not comprehend how the earth was sv ;pended in space they held that it was supported on the back of a tortoise, The faith in secret societies as great moving agencies is as puerile in politics as the faith in the tortoise was in planetary science, and has the same origin—incapacity to under stand the real sources of political impulses, Boss Twxup did not feel the shock of the rending rock on Sunday, but when he sees the Franklin steaming in to Vigo it may be surmised that his shirt bosom will experience a slight vibration. He would be a poor sub- ject just at that moment to join in the chorus of the Star-Spangled Banner. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE, Satire overdonc is apt to produce a reaction. Kant cortinues to be the philosopher of Germany, Baron Poschini Finetts, of Italy, is at the New York Hotel. Pensive Pascal has had astatae ercoted to him in France, Mrs, Abbey Sage Richardson is lecturing on English Mterature. Captain Luiz do Saldanha, of Brazil, is at the Buck. ingham Hotel. Judge Charlos Duff, of St John, N. B,, is at the Hotel Brunswick. Seeretary Chandler ts expected to return to the national capital to-day, Mr. Murray Ballou was yesterday elected President of the Boston Stock Exchange. Professor H. Miyake, of the Imperial Board of Healtl of Japan, is at the Gilsey House. General Schofield, while on the Pacific coast, mad fome money in mining stocks. The Commissioner of Indian Affairs rvsumed bt duties at the Indian Bureau yesterday, Associate Justice Stephen J. Ficld, of the United States Supreme Court, is ut the Buckingham Hotel. The Baroness de Rothschrit and daughter will ge yachting in the Mediterranean after the equincetia Tho Russian army can now be brought up t 2,500,000 men, without counting the national militia, George Eliot's husband, Lewes, !s of Jewish descent, which may accounts for the plot of “aniot Deronda” Postmaster General Tyner has returned to Wasbing- ton from the North and was at the department yes terday. Lord Nicbester, of England, was at the Brevoort House yesteraay, on his way from Newport to Phila. de phia, All metaphysical tusight, as opposed to scientifio comprehension, 18 nothing bat direct vital self-con- sciousness; and, similarly, all oar conception.of the outer world presupposes an at of spontancous activity, or, in other words, of will, We have 6,990,000 tarmers, 1,209,000 trades people, 2,700,000 mechanics, 2,600,000 pr tonal men, 43,000 clergymen, 40,000 lawyers, 128,522 teuchors, 62,00 doctors, 2,000 actors. 6,200 Journalists, 1,000,000 lanors ers and 975,000 domestic servants. At Ceylon, the headquarters of pearl fishing, the ehelifish are sold by the thousand io small specu. Jators, who either open thom themeolves or retail them to all who are inclined to try their inck, a general sale of fiah taking plico every evening when tho boats rive, asthere are iow persons at the fishery who do not speculate more or less, Menu tor a small family :—1. Oyster soup, mate by Boiling twenty oysters, with their jmice, in a pint of milk, with five ground bulter crackers for two hourag 2 Stewed died of beefstenk and potatoes, with mush. rooms (which are in season); vegetables—beets, dolled cabbage; 3. of watercress ont fine, with dressing Of sweet oll, vinegar, pepper, salt, mustard; 4 Mush fried in slices and buttered; 4 Rice pudding, cooked vory thin, with raisins; & Sweet cakes and gra coffee (emall cuval, a nee | #3