The New York Herald Newspaper, August 15, 1876, Page 8

6 CONGRESS. Mr. Randall in Defence of Demo- cratic Economy. REVIEW OF THE APPROPRIATION BILLS. How Retrenchment Has Suffered from the Senate. REPLY OF MR. FOSTER, OF OHIO. arte Message from the President on the River and Harbor Bill PASSAGE OF THE HAWATIAN TREATY BILL. SENATE. Wastnxerox, Angust 14, 1876, Mr. Sprxcer (rep.) of Ala., submitted a concurrent Feeolution, providing tor the appointment of a joint Committee to consist of three Senators and three mem. ders of the House of Representatives, to prepare a su able form of governmont for the District. of Columbia and report at the nest session of Congr: Passed, THE SCHOOL AMKNOMENT, Mr.Epucyns, (rep.) of Vi, moved to take up the proposed constitutional amendment prohibiting the ap- the Ppropriation of money for support of schools. Agreed to—Yeas ys 1 THY MAWIAN TEBATY, Pending discussion tho morning hour expired, nna tho Senate resumed the constderation of the untinished business, being the bill to carry into effect the Hawaiian treaty. Mr. KoMUNDS gave notice tat as soon as the unfin- Ished business should be disposed of be should Sonate to vote on the proposed constituiional amend- ment, + The discussion on the Hawatian treaty was then Tenewed, und the Senate wax addr by Mr. Nor wood, of Georgia; Mr. Morrill, of Vertaont of Louisiana, and Mr, Gordon, of Georg Son to the bill, and by Messrs. Log Its favor. The bill was then read a third time and passed— Yoas 29, nays 12. The vow was WE Yras—Messrs, Allison, Anthony Cameron, of Wisconsin: Christiancy sectarian in opposi- n and Boutwell in Tontwell, Burnsido, Traxin Dawes, Heaton, Forry, Frelinghuysen, lnry (a: Kelly Ket in. Lexan, MeDon Oglendy, Pandock, Kando! Btevenson, Wadielgh and Windom — Navs—Messrs. Fovth, Cooper, Coekrell, Davis Tones, of Florida; and Whyte—1. Messrs. Edmunds, Robertson, Gord Witvers, who would have voted aguinst the bill, were ired with Messrs, Conkling, Hitchcock, Barnum, Tight and Cis who would buve voted for it. On the motion o! “DMUNDS the Senate at half-past Sve P.M, took a recess until eight o'clock I, M. rrili, Norwood, Matverson, West n, MeCreery and EVENING SESSION, Upon reassembling at eight o'clock, Mr. Eom moved to inke up (he House joint resolution prop. an amendment to the constitution the United prohibiting the Df sectarian ¥che PpTopriation of money for the support 1 An oxtended debate followed, Mossrs Kernan, of New York, and Whyte speaking in opposition ‘and Mesers, Edmunds and Christianey in favor of the amendment, as reported by the Senate Committee, The Senate at one o'clock voted Btitutional amendment, and it was rojected—yvoi BS, nays 16, not two-thirds voting in the alfirmat: Is was deteaied by a strict party vote, HOUS# OF REPRESENTATIVES. WastxGrox, August 14, 1576, The House met at ten o'clock, in continuation of Saturday's session. Mr. Ranxpars, (dem.) of Pa., submitted the report of the Commitice of Conference on the Indian Appropria- Bion bill. Tho report was agreed to without discussion, MR. RANDALL'S SPrRCH. Mr. Raxpatt then proceeded to make some general temarks on the several appropriations, He said: | henrs aday to the serv | orders to the bureaus, that time b Mr. West, | nthe proposed con- | | appropriavie to sk the | } Depart duction tn the fores of clerks and employés of twenty | DBFICIENCTR: per cent, These two provisions, if fully iuppted, would | Appropriations last year. $4,709,659 18 have secured a much larger reduction of appropriations | Department estimate for yearending June 4nd the discharge of all superuamerary clerks andem- | — 0, IST7,.... ++ 2,723,471 79 ployés, of which there are stil a large number. It is | Res mended by House Committee on well known that all over the Jani private establish- | Appropriations. see 662,915 07 ments of every.sort and description have reduced the | House passed aide 671,456, rates of compensation (their emplayéa, A signal in- | Senate Comamittee recommended, 840,831 stance of thi 18 shown at Lowell, Masa, which is the | & passed. 840,831 27 #4ide, 1u & measure, of all New England.” The working opie (bere have themselves consented to a reduction of ten per cent as just and fair—not the tirst, either, to which they have recently been subjected. ‘The House considered th: bet an unreasonabio reduction in amount under the circumstances, But this reduction has aimost wholly fatied because of the obstinacy of tho senate and the Senato conferces in relation thereto. A reduction in the number et cierks and employés has | been only partially realized, as the House conlerees were forced to yield a part of their recommendations. It will suspriso many When they learn the fact that os inany «8 200,009 persons receive pay from ‘Yrowury. In order that no harm sboula possibly come from a | reductfn of iorces, we directed the executive officers to | the isting law in reference to the hours of jabor re- from the clerks and the employ és. ut in section 162 of the Revised Statutes, as fol- Sro.162.—Fram the Ist day of October until the Ist day of April in each. 1 the bureaw the state, y Post Ole ty and in and OfBce shall be open for the transuctio atleast eight hours in each day ; Wii nntil the Int day of October wach tay, except sunday and diye dipubtic holidays by law. Heretofore clerks have been required to devote six of the government Re- cently, on the coming inet the democratic House, by di been extended 10 seven hours, If, however, the terms of the law are adhered to, more actual hours of service will be so { under the reduced number of clerks and em- agreed upon than we have now with tho present ive force, PHANGH OF LAWS ON APPROPRIATION BILLS. {complaint bus been made against our change of laws upon appropriation bills, as though it were at this time a povel and unheard ‘of thing and never before aliempted inthe legislation of the government Let us see how that is. cuanges of laws which I append herewith w list of nave been incorporated Into bills during the years irom 1865 down and imeluding 1875. The extent to which such islation has been carried on wiil, I have no doubt, surprise m |, L regret to say, that curing those n role in both branches been in the penditures, Jon of increased appropriations and « pre n tion atew notable ipstances of such legisiavion, They embrace changes in the stafl and Line, both ofthe army and _ The Pacific Mail steamship subsidy found its place on such aet Nhe reorganization of the Post OMce Departmont. fhe reorganization of the diplomatic and consular fervice. The p: tem. ‘The prohibiting the pardon or amnesty of any claim- ntin the Court of Claims being admissible to establish his standing in court, ¢ reorganizavion of the civil service in the Treasury went, ° Levisiation as to the Enforcement act. The manner of settlement of judgments by tne Court of Claims and the Supreme Court as to capture of cotton. The section declaring that the General of the Army shuil be permanently” stationed in Washington, and only removed by the advice and consent of the Sen and directing all agmy orders to go through the General of the Army whether issued by the President of tho United States or by the Secretary of War, propriation bill last year the Fates on news- ere doubled, to the great injury of those in the rural sections especiaily, and the rates on third clas: utter Were so luereased as to take it from the tails aud drive it to the express companies I mention these iew to show the general character and wide scope vf tho legistation which has been put into appropriation bil's, and beg toretcr to the appendix hereto annex of lJegistation of greater or less importance which bi beeu irom time to time during the past ten years fa toned on such acts, relating as it does to almost. every conceivable subject. THK REVENUES OF TIE GOVERNMENT. Again, Mr. Speaker, as a siatural result of the pros- tration ‘of business, the revenue @ the government has diminished to an alarming exie&, and the warning hoid out to us Was one noi to be disregarded, as it might turn out in the coming fiseal year the reduc- tom would be so great that the reventie would fall b low the amount required to meet the expenditure of the government. In tuis emergency it was absolutely essential to provide for reduction of expenses rather than entatl any increase of our interest-bearing debt or uy addition tu our preseut taxation, Nay, more, if the tull measure of reductions recommended had been acceded to by the republican minority in this House and the majority in the Senate, then, even with a full revenue, th reduced to an extent of say $10,000,000 with compara. tive salety. ial reorganization of the sub-treasury sys- CHARACTER OF EXPENDITURES. Betore [leave ihe general discussion of these sub- jects and go to a detailed examination of the respective i wish to direct public atiention to mM sotue abuses in reference to expendi- ture which have gradually accumulated until they have become of dangerous ‘proportions, Under | existing laws we have a system of what is Mr, SreakeR—wefore the tinal adjournment of a pro- | tracted and laborious session it is proper to revie séiion concerning appropriations trom the pablic Treasury to carry on the government tor the fiscal year ending June 30, 1877, In the discharge of this taxk Iam sensible of no other motive than that there shali be a complete and impartial exbibit of the work an behalf of retrenchinent and relorm which we set out to do, and the difficulties and opposition which met us At every step in the interest Of (hese who saw in any Teduction of public expenditure loss to them of or place, notwithstanding there was con y our tage to the taxpayers, and the eft of the | | Pete alerg administration was inno cesree impaired, | © were met at the very threstiod by the incxorubie alternative of reducing expendstures to a ) economical basis, or by allowing appropriations to be made at the same figures of previous years, with in freused taxation; and this latter i wis our plighted aith and solemn duty to prevent in behall o freat body of the people borne down by a heavy load DI taxation, and who were further distressed beyo Measure by derangement and misioriane in every Bue of agricultural, manntactur rieal tommercial aciivity his end e f public expense, whether jarge or «my Jeverest Scrutiny, and an inspection of every Lureau ind department of the government nudertaken, with put paralicl, 1 believe, for a quarter of a contury LABORS OF TEE COMMITTER The Committee on Appropriavens gave this work Weir most earnest atieution. It required imeessunt fabor and much patience, Arrayed against us were ail ihose whose favorite, selieh echemes were obo frustrate jor the public — good; yager and greedy corporations, who sought ww fatten irom the public purse; ploce-bunters am place- bolders, and the friends and pur! Jow, Who were in any Way (0 be aifected by r tnd’ especially by tho marked unwillingn dands by chots of bur pd heaus 9) wo agree to any withdrawal of their oficia But we had omiorting assurance th ind us the people, who demanded that (her bh should be lizhteved by practical and nece Hong, and this consoled us ofventines in the discharge of an imperative public duty when we found ourselves fompelicd to deny appropriations to the extent desired, for objects dearly cheristed by our constituents. The Majority of this House of Representatives was elected bo reform manitol We assenibled In December that retorm element Assumed full authority in this pall and obtained partial evntrol over public expenditures, THK FIRST DIFFICULTY which presented itself to the execution of the trust tonfided to us was the existence of a rule im the House which prevented the repeal, or even modification, of any law as tO appropriations Upon an appropriation unless two-thirds ol the mem which number the majority did nor Mruction Which had been given to tdens Amendments to increase Compensation io oMicers, Blerks and employés, but adroitiy preveniod as out of Order any reduction Whatever. To overcome this ov. Struction a proposition was sabmi Fale as to allow the incorporation inte Dilla of such legisiation, which trenohed expenditures, (ius making & comp: tion in the operaton of the rule and turning legislative action im this House from extrava. nee into the Vetter and safer direction of econom: hat change, for the purpose 1 have indicatea, was vig vrously resisted by the republean of the House for the reason that, composing as they did and do mo than one-third of its mem ing existing Jaws could be no ment chan, te OF pat upen an appro- priation bill except when euch amend S inerease Salaries, as uber the old practice two-thirds were re- quired to suspe' he rules to allow the majority to nents, and that two-thirds, the minority in the House Without sich a changes any and alletiorts on the part of the House to reduce tue expendivnres of the gove ni would I the idle Here stood the repuvlican me r More than one-third to prevent and obstruct any such ‘Auction, with a Senate, as we allerward found, even wore determined in its purpose. Finally, througl the agerfey Rales, we secu: a desired, and the House adopted it by a majority cu exclusively of democrats, Alinost all the reaue tions we have accomplixbed bave followed as the result Of the first step, for it opened the way. CONDITION OF THE COUNTRY. Tt must not be forgotten that when Congress assem- bled the country was prostrated in all the e#sen': Vote evon on such ame: as F Barve already stot could ag anv time retus of the Commitice on abuses of administration, and when | the | t } and | known as “permanent xpecific and permanent in- tinite”’ appropriations. They embrace, among others, the sum necessury 10 pay the interest on the public debt, the sum ni y to pay the interest on the bonds of the ¥ ‘acitic railroads, and guaranteed by the United + nd the amount necessary to be paid in obedience of law to the sinking fund on account of the liquidation of the principal of the public debt. In so tar as the foregoing objeets are concerned, | do NOL raise serious Objections, Their pr us Ko to make easy the mind of the public er the cer. tainty of ho niteh in the prompt and regular payment ot our public interest. But the laws go further and include others, which, in my judgment, should pass under the annial ryis.on of Congress, among which are the sum necessary to collect the reven trom customs, Which 1s only limited as to amount « nditures by (he discretion of the Sceretary oi the & power too great for permanent safety; for ud equipping the militia of the several States; es and exp the return of the proceeds the sue of captured and abandoned — property to owners thereof; the commisssion to be paid to per- sons negotiating the refunding of the national one-half of one per cent; the salaries and ses of tho steamboat inspectors; the rewinding ol money due to owners or reputed owners of cotton Muproperiy seized alter the 80tu of June, 1863; allows ances and drawbacks in Ue Internal Revenue, Bureau; the reiunding of illegal internal taxes; the repayment of duties levied in excess [rom customs, as well as de. Dentures, drawbacks, bounties, and allowances in the cusioms Fervs Most, if not all, of the latter ctarac- ter shoud have the frequent inspection ot Congress and the people. would suggest, thereiore, at our next lo remedy these dangers, About mission; Session jegushition $18,000,000 pass cach year outot the Treasury under these heads, in excess Of the amount paid on account Of interest on the public debt and the sinking fund, Which is aa enormous sum to be wuder the control of executive ofivers without check, I shall now proceed (o an cxamination of the sev. eral appropriation bills, in order of date as they were enacted into jaw, reve Appropriations last year, Department estimates tor the June 30, 18 otnmendatid on Appropriations Honse passed Senate committee re pate passed, tnally enacted. = 25. ne respective cot houses and both nouses of Congress azreed im the amount to be appropriated for pensions, which was in full, as indi- by the esiimace, A pieasant inewent in con- on With this appropriation was the imct of its ommended nee! | being in committee and in the House im charge of a | menber of the committee (Mr. Atkins, of Tennessee), formerly an officer im the Confederate army aud a member of the Confederate Congress, Such exbibt tions give the deural to the political charge that the leading men of (he South still bear any hostility to the Union, tor he was scrapuious in seeing that no pen- sioner of the Uncen suffered in the least degre: Many retorms are imperatively needed in convection with the distribution of pensions, The Commitiee on Pensions recommended the trans. fer ot the Pension Barean trom the Interior Depart- mout to the War Department, where it formerly wa as appears by their report, for reasons, among other: as follows Pension agencies which now cost annually $448,000, the Comautice ow Vensious report could be dispensed with and twenty efficient clerks divided equally among the four classes of clerks Known to the law, at a cost ‘of $30,000, could do the work as eficteatly and with less delay than now occurs. The work, if under the War Depart nid be done in the main by the re- tired office the army, with one-half pay in addt- tion to the present retired pay of sueh officers, and the amount ot pay saved would be quite one-half. present more than one-half is dove at the Surgeon General's ond Adjutant Generai’s offices, Both taese bureaus now cinpioy 116 persons on this Work and an equal number of additional clerks. if the duties were transterred to the War Department 232 clerks in all woud be whereas the present foree m the Bureau is over = 4 nearly | 800 over what economy and necessity | require. report Uf tho alteration xo much | | which go to make the people prosperous, conteniwd and bappy. Macy of our manufacturing estayish mente were closed and most of those sull running | were working only a portion of the time, Of distrust widely prevailed, cansing capital to be an- usually cantious Almos) all new enterprises were sbandpned, and labor, then as now seeking employ- ent, Waa to tho extent of its activity inadequately ro rative. Our duty in such acondition of ailairs Was too piain to ve mistaken, It to lop off at once and resoluicly every extravagant and unnecessary 6x pense, This we bave partially accomplished and ina manner which will in no degree oripete the adminis rw its Jogn'mate functions, But to secure even thie partial result without producing friction has quired Jong and patient examination, imvesiigation and mudy. Alurther plan of procedure adopted was to red Sen por cont aii salarics over $1,200 and provide w Commerce | nguiahed, agriculiure went unrewarded, and a feeling | or deme m | from these separations of | The character of the Work is in a measure judicial, ree quiring legal Knowledge, and yet last year 128 employes were discharged at y new appointments mide—putting out experienced clerks and substi tating for sch men ignorant and inefiicient persons in thoi stead, This was dove mainly for political considerations. The truth is, 4 lisnes, the burn: Two clerks of the National Republican Congressional Committee of last year were entered on the pension rott and pard from pension fan the War and fen sion departments being separate, there was required last year 66,000 duplicates of rolis trom these two offices, requiring transtuission by mati and mossen which might ail have been done tn the same ofic The fact is, the delays now incident to appiicavions tor pensions OF increase Of pensions arise almost entirely duty, causing years of dela able to ‘boar — procrastnatio and those, too, who never ought to be sab: jected to such annoyances and privationa 1 will allude to another sbuse, and then leave this brench of my sutject. The finanee division of the Pouston Bureau can be dispensed with altogether, em- ploying forty-eight clerks. This is set forth im Mr. Clark's testimony. in reply to a question whether that division ought not to be lopped off he said :— “If the work in the Auditor's Ufice was up to dato the work in Une finance division would be aseiess."’ There cann rotore, be a reasonable doubt as to the evonomy rined and the general propricty of ior to those jeast ¥ ps of the Southern Claims Com: | trom | the federal | It is to be | 4, which will show the enormous mass | j ing | not be | tore, te, | reduc The taw os nally enacted. , Tbeheve these deticr heretofore, beeause of the knowled ments that 4 dy this year, pouce having been gi then democrati that the practice of allowing large deficiencies woula ountenanced. The departments are, however, entitled to partial credit, for their estimates of deti- ciencics this vear were considerably ‘ess than here.o- The same rigid rule will be again upphod, and tho departments must govern themselves accordingly. vORTIPICATIO: + $850,000 Appropriations lust year. we. Department estimates for year ending June 8,406,000 ‘315,000 816,725 56 pels are less than usual and by the depart. by the en last ye: ns at Howse Gominittee ow Appropriations House passed, . Senate Committee recommended Senate passed The law, as fnaily ‘ a This was a large comparative reduetion, bat I beheve no material interests will suffer theroirom, etther in re- pect Lo our fortifications oF A’ to experiments to be made inthe trial of armament or terpedoes, — the Jargest sized guns of our recent war are now considcred ineffective. Earthworks experience has shown to be the best pi jon against artillery on fand or iron- clads on water, The sims so lavishly expended since tho war baye not brougtt an respects. In the past ven years, up to and including Uns year, ending June 30, 1876, we sppropriated for these purposes more thun $13,000,000, a large amount of which could as woll haye been saved by the same character of reductions which we have made this year. i NAVAL SERVICE. Naval service appropriation last year. ...$17,001,006 40 Department estimates for the year ending dine 30, 1877.......06 +++ 20,871,666 40 Recommendations of House Commutico on Appropriations ++ 12,808,655 40 House passed... - 12\4 Renate Commitee recommended........ 16,167, Senate passed, . 14,957, The law os finally enacied 12, 140 ‘The appropriations ior ihe naval establishme largely reduced, It is a branch of the service wh dJurge savings can be prudently made. I need not al- Jude at length to (he sums heretofore expended and the names af their expenditure, The department, in Mts Wanagement, has been thoroughly examiped into by a commitice of this Honse, and their dndings are in print, whien renders a further criticism im this connec- tion imnecessury. These reduced appropriations came up to the full’ measure of recommendations by the m wal Com mitive, POST, OF FICK, Post Office appropriations lasi year, .... Departinent estimate for the year ending ine 30, 18 Be - 8,431,602 99 Amount recommended by House Commit- tee on Appropriations. 2,680,906 00 4,230,206 00 Anjount recommended by Senate Commu. | tee on Appropriations, , + 7,886,647 00 Amount passed Senate. 7,288,647 00 ‘The law as final 5,967,498 00 ihe reductions in this act arise mainly trum the cutting off of the salaries of the higher class of post- masters, Which have been confessedly too high, and the on of ten per cent on the amounts to be paid to the ratiroads for the transportation of mails, among which is woatis known as the ‘fast’ mail?” An er- roneous impression prevails as to this latter service, TUK PAST MAILS were not provided for by law. Speed was not taken into consideration in determining the compensation, Weight und the number of posial cars were and are the elements in fixing the pay to railroads, This extra line Was first established Jess than a year. ugo by throw- n increase In the quantity of mail matter on thes priucipal roads, thus tereasing the namber of postal rs and With additional weignt, causing an increased amount of payment to special Tanda, fhe compensa- tion as tixed by act of March, 1873, Was @ very great Increase over former rates, Prior to that time $375 per mile on all lines was the maximum rate. Under that act. the pay cn some Jines was increased to $705 per mile per year, and on the fast lines as high as $1,016 per milo per year. This Congress has reduved the rates for railroad service generally ten per cent, whica is a moderate reduction. } The compensavion on star lines and steamboat service has been reduced fur more than ten per cent since Murch, 1878—in fact, from ten to thirty per ceut, The | reduced price of every commodity which goes into ihe | cost of running a ratiroad is far greater than ten per | cent, | theit employds, and together with a genera | of values, it goes to show that the amount now fixed is | | comparatively b it was at the time the for. | internal and otuer Wixes could have been | | | | | | | eriticisms. | These roads have reduced the compensation of her t mer raic was agreed to, I am indebted to the gentle- man from Indiana (Mr. Holman) for these. tacts and conelasions, and any one who knows his care and ac- curacy in such matters will at once accept them as true and correct, RENEFITS OF PAST MAIL, After all that can bo said the benetits of the fast mail are divided between the railroads receiving the in- creased pay and the newspapers of our great etties in the quick transit of their papers, In this day of tele- phing the newspapers of tho various citieg of the Union are more on an equality in furnishing promptly the important news of tho day, which renders contunu- ance of these high rates unnecessary, even for the people, in rcesiving prompt public information, THIRD CLASS: MATTER, Tho Post Office Appropriation act for the year end- ing June 80, 1870, raised the rates of postage on third class wail matter, so as to take it trom the mails and give the monopoly of its transportation to the express compavies, while at the samo time the postage on hewspapers was doubled. This jutler imposition bag been removed by the legis- Jation of this year, but the ficst still remains a burdea upon the people in behalf of the express companies, and 13 estimated as warth to those companies $500,000 per anoum sn thereased receipts trom transportation of merchandise, &¢. The House at every opportunity to accomplish full repeal of both provisions, ne Senato Was obdtirate and refused to concede the repeal of the merchandise portion of the act ARMY APPROPRIATIONS, Appropriation fast year, $27,933,830 00 Dopariment estimate tory is June 30, 187 . 83,348,748 50 House’ Committ Recommendation ot on Appropriations. House passed. Senate Benate 3 . The taw as tinal ected. avs The Army Appropriation act does not sho tent of reduction which we intended and hid re hope we showid obtain at the opening of the session, because of our Indian troubles, and because of tho des, Of the administration tok large toree outh. The Honse bill fixed the army at 22,000 8, relatively divided betweon the three arms of the services, and souzht in addition to reduce the com- 08 wh 0 LO | pensutions of certain officers which were deemed dis- ! riionare and too iiga, Tbe manner ot payment | ese compensations is in some respects higely ob. jectionab’ uideTing it almost impossibie to compute with accuracy the pry received by otlicers in the army, The Senate was resolve the House was compell In securing the follow Here Mr. ‘inst all these changes, and to yield, and only sneceedea gisiatio andali quoted the secion of the Army | vill for the appointment of a commission to reform and reorganize the army and continued:— The result of the foregoing, it 1s believed, will ule timately remedy some deiects, Wo feit that they were too glaring not to demand immediate change. SUNDRY CIVIL. KIL Appropriation las* year, + $26,644,350 09 Dopariment estimates for year ending » June 80, 1877 Amount recommended by 32,560,475 29 House Com: mittee on Appropriations. .... 14,857,226 54 nate Committee recommended. . 18,501,601 24 Senate passed, 19,955,498 99 ‘The law as finally enacted 16,387,905 47 | This act, which covers tho sundry civil expenses of the government, ts that upon which {tts attempted to ngrafti all doubtint schemes and unnecessary expenses, Which to any other general appropriation bill would bo fuled out of order as not german. REPLY TO THE PRESIDENT'S MRSKAGR, In reference to Wiis particular act the President ef the United states saw fit, although approving the same, to oud a message condemning tho ctaracter of our reduc tion. 1 propose now, and here, with due respect to the Chief Magistrate, to inqmi into the justice of his in the first place he says :— one the titst class ix the reduction in the ordi. Annual appropriations for the revenue cutter servic he presudice of the enstouis revenne ‘This criticism t# completely refuted by a plain states Meni of the facts, which show that the amount appro- privted is in excess of the amount expended in the revenue cutter service dnrimg the iast fiscal year, Th expenditures forthe year ending Jane 30, 1876, were $542,000, and the appropriations for the year ending Jone 80, LSTT, $874,591, the latter exceeding the lormer more than $30,000, THK SIONAL SERVICR, Next, a8 to the amount given to continue the Signal Service. This service cost last year nearly $1,000,000, It has grown to be an immense bureau in is Workings and we think ts extravag conducted. It draws its resources [rom three appropriation bills—the-Lagisia- tive, the Army and the Sandry Civti—and aggregates, as stated, $1,000,000. We are advised by the manager of the West.rn Union Tol mpany that they can perforin t with equal satistaction to the pudtic for one-hait the money, aud he is quite will- ing to undertake itat that redaction — Tois, wo under- siqnd, 1s also the opinion of many officers hereto.ore in ot the War Department, Our rednetions, in of this statement, have been very moderate, amounting to $100,000 In the genera, expense provided for in the Sundry ‘Civil bill and of only litty enlisted men inthe army for this corps, At some ot the sta- tions the empioyés numbered as high as seven, and by cari! revision of the force at the several stations this reduction of fifty men will haraly be lelt, THE MINTS, The criticism as to the mints evidently arose from waut of Knowledge of the amounts appropriated in the several bil It would have been secn by examination ut fount appropristed tor running the mints was {ully Up to the necessities of the country, even taking Into consideration tue increased expense tor coining subsidiary silver recently aathorized by Iaw in suostitution of fractional currency. PORLIC NETLDINGS is te the objection urged 10 reductions of ap- Propriations for the construction of public buildin; throughout the coautry and the buddings for the State, War and Navy departments in the ety of Wash- ington, The pohey which guided the Honse was to make appropriations this year for no bullding the con- Structron of whieh had not yet been commenced, and in making appropriations lor those alrewdy begun to give astifciont sam to finish and furnish those of smaller size, such #8 the Custom House at New Ox. ably ai cratic House was to be in authority | minority of tue Forty-third Congress | adeqtate rovurn in these | rinkage | dé ‘stom House and Post fice at Raleigh, “ustom House and lost Otice at Port Huron, ston House and Po-t Oflice at Parkers- | burg, W. Va.; the Court House and Post Oilice at Lan cola, Neb., and the Custom House and Post Offee at | Rockland, 'Me,, giving the pulanee which we deemed wie Lo appropriate nu moderate degree to the larger structures, x0 a8 to go on with the work slowly. The appropriation is $2,000,000 less than last year, when the appropriations (or public buildings, new and Old, were upusually extravagant, AS to the approprintion (or a new straciure for the State, Warand Navy departments in the city of Wash. | Ington, it was under the same rule. Department, while this 1s under an engineer of the army, General 0. E, Babeoe NAVY YARDS. For the repa'rs and preservatfon of the navy yords We gave $100,000 against $500,000 last year. rds and stations and the proper at the diferent navy preservation of the xame $ | heved the baif million hereto! other purposes not properly chargeable to this particu: jar servi | ARMORIS AND ARMENALS. | In reference to armories and arsenals the reductions, except in one or tWo tustances of no small amount, were those recommended by the late Secretary of War, Mr. Taft, in his communication to Congress revising the estimates of his predecessor. | JUDICIAL EXPENDITURES, | In regard to the judicial expenses of the government, | reduction was made upon the recommendation of the | Committee oa bxpenditures in the Department of Jus- | tice and Justided alter thorough investigation by ox- posure of the most outraxcous Irauds apon the gover moni, perpetrated by warabals aud other United Stat | officers, thé most Hagraps of which were ta the Stuies of Arkansasand North Carolina, The justice and pro- priety of this rednetion are undoubted. SURVRYS UF PURLIC LANDS. The action of tue committee concerning surveys of the public Janda was taken after fuil conlerence with members on both sides of the Honse, representing Western districts as well as with delegates [rom the Territories, After quoting Mr, Dunuell, of Minnesota, in approval of this portion of the bill, Mr. Randall continued :— It 13 only necessary for me to add the Jurther fact that there are now 160,000,000 acres of the public do- matn surveyed and undigpored of, TUM LIGHTHOUBY SkRVICE. The President iurther complained that wo had im- paired the efficiency of the lighthou: rvice. Refer- ence to figures shows the complaint to ve without foun- dation, The appropriat on la hour $1,099,000, and for this year $2,018,600—the appropri.ton for this year being nearly $29,000 over that of last year, A, propriations for lighthouses, beacons und “oxhghts were made alter consultation with the proper officer having that service in charge, and we gavo a sum sulll- cient, a& were advised, for all that was absolutely nocessary during tho fiseal year, There were somo which wore desirablo for which we did not make ap- Ppropriation, but they were not such as wé thought to be demandod now. @DIsTRICT OF COLUMBIA, Appropriations tor the District of Columbia are gen- erally included im this act, and I need not stop to give the reason why We sought to be cautious in whate we did. Past expericnce has shown such profiigacy in the management ot the altairs of this Disurivt that common justice to the people required we should sur- round all our appropriations with every. passible sale. guard. We authorized an advance from the Troasury o1 the United States of the money necessary to meet the interest on the public debt of ‘the Distriat for tne entire fiscal year, thus preventing apy default of prompt paymont like that which has heretofore oecurred, al- though a portion of the debt had been reporied by a committee of this louse to have been illegally con- tracted, We also appropriated for tho various. cnari- ties and charitable institutions within tho District; authorized the repay of Pennsylvania ave- nue, a proportionace share of the expense to be borne by the government; provided for the paymont ot one-half of the ‘expense of she police and Board of Health; and, besides, allowed the government. of the Disiriet to increase the temporary debt to the extent of over $400,000, so that no omburrassment should or ts Likely te occur, The appropriations for the yoar ending June 1875, amounted to 2,963,251 11, aimost all of which was exclusively for the benetit of the people of the Districk Tho implied stotemont by the President that the aggregate appropriations of the Sundry Civil ofl are in amount not more than sixty-five per cent of those heretoiore made should command approbasion rather than censure, LIPR SAVING. For fife saving and lifeboat stations our appropria- | tions are in excess of those made last year, Wo gavo this year $237,460, while the amount appropriated last | year was $431,580. Surely we cannot ve charged with injuring this humane servico of the governincnt when we have, in this democratic House, appropriated more than was appropriated by the previous republican House. PUBLIC PRINTIXG. The nan sya for pabhe printing and binding we reduce largely, on the recommendation of the Com mittee on Printing of this House, which established the fact of gross abuse and extravaganco in the admin- istration of that office. ‘Tho amount giveu last year was $1,665,507 66. The amount asked jor tho current year was $2,206,056 66, The amount allowed this year, under advice of the Committee on Printing, 18 $1,133,737 50—about halt a milion dollars less than the appropriation last year. Tho report of this commitice, to which L have alluded, clearly establishes the fact that this sum should have been sufficient to have done the work last year if the proper prices had Ween paid for material and the run- ning expenses had beeu rightiully adjusted. For the support of the National Home tor Disabled Volunteer Soldiers we gave the exact amount asked— $668,733 44. The appropriations for the sundry civil expenses of the goverment for the year ending June 30, 1883, were $5,807,191 38, In 1870 they” had crept: up to $9,976,283 SL. In 1872 they further advanced to $24,161,773 86 Fimaliy, in A8i4, they reached the enormous amount of $32,186,129, In 1875, when the distress ia the country became so prevalent it could no longer pass unbeeded, even in a republican House of Representatives, ave find there was a small reductioa from $32,186,129 to $27,009,744 81; in 1876 to $25,044,050. We have reduced tho sundry civil ex- penses this year below the appropriation of last year $10,441,780, “appropriating only avout one-half the Emount. appropriated in 1874, being a reduction of about $14,000,000, * MILITARY ACADEMY. Appropriations last your, | Department estimates for year e Asi7.. Amount recom Appropriati Amount passed (he House, Senite committee recomme Senate passed. The law ns floally enacted, Chere was tn contre the question of vo: Point, The House being over $1,000 per annum, thoy were higher than for similar services in civil lite, capectally when we take into cousideration the oe hat these professors, without encountering any of fhe privations, hardships aod dangers of army hfe are, when they reach a con- dition of impaired sctulness, placed upon the retired hat and receive three-quarters of their pay at the time are retired, The Senate demanded the quostion of this reduction shonld be remitted to the vommission created ty inguite into she reorganization of the army, | and the Hou-e was compelied to accede thereto, RUVRR AND TARBOR RI ! River and harbor appropriations iast year. $6,643,517 50 + 14,301,100 00 . oe 290,000 y betwoen the two honses ‘ton to provessors at West in some instances, comod that 1 Departinent estimates for the year ending dune 30, 187 Amount recomm d tee on Appropriatio Amount passed tie House, Senate Committee recomm Senate passed. | The Jaw as tloa led, ¥ | Phas bill was not made up by the Com’ House ( on Ap: propriations, and theretore L have not that fall know- ledgo which Would Warrant me in speaking of its de- tails, In comparison with previous bills, with the same certamty that Lam able to do concerning the eleven other appropri I& Tt 18, however, a large re- duction on the amount appropriated last Year tor the same purpose, and an immense reduction, as will bo seen by the foregoing figures, upon the estimates of tho | department INDIAN ILE Appropriations last year, Department estimates for j . daneso, 1 totseveens Amount recommended by How tee on Apprepric Amount passed the House, Senate committer r Senate passed... The law ax finally enw The principal disagreen | related to the transier of the Indian bureau trom the | Interior Department to the Wor Depariment. The House believed that the management of Indian affairs could be more economically and eilictently adminis- vear ending 5,737,095 60 om Mm oude 4,955,301 2 4,670,117 02 eo two houses ofllcers, under Whom had grown up a Wadespread sys tem of peculation upon the Indian, as well as upon the overnment, One of the ground’ whieh induced the dian to go to war against white man was that treaty stipulations in reference tothe delivery of sne- sistence and other supplies were vot faithfully Mifiliod, An army officer holding a fife position dependent apon J integrny and g bohavior, and with @ Strong desire for promotion, = which = cam only occur upon the active’ and — faithtul discharge of his duties, 1s more likely to execute the | promises of the government toward the Indian than | the etvil officer who comes in and goes ont with every changa of Admmistrat And the present double- heated system of dispensing subsistence and supphes to the Indiana through the agenoy of civil ollicers whilo restraining and keeping them at peace with the inilitary arm, has been proved by long experience to be not only enormously expensive to the government, | but without any adequate benefeial reswits, either to the Indians or to the government The hand that feeds should be the hand to pauish in case ot wrong domg. Viewed ax an economic question, we havo General Sheridan tor authority, and almost all the offi. cors who bave come into collision with the Indians, to show that the opinion I hore express is the just one, There is a misconception as tothe army ollicer, Ho doos not desire constant wariare with the Indians, for, while he bas to andergo great privation and hardsbip, he att no time endangers his Hie in battle with the Indians without that honor which attaches to war- fare between nations. Indeed, ef all the people in the world, the army officer has loss to gain and more to lose by Indian bostilitres than any other of citizens, The House authorized the transfer in the Indian Ap- Propriation bill, having previously pasaod a separato Proposition on the same subject, which was teansinitted Vo the Sonate of the 25th of April last, bat which tho Sonate never took up for consideration of discuasion. Inewientaily, however, they did disct the clause in the Indian bill, and voted it down, upon the ground 9,000 is adequate, and be- | re given was diverted to | left nati!’ lately to resist the comtan tered by army oillcers already under pay thom by evil | NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, AUGUST 15, 1876.-WITH SUPPLEMENT, | | The expenditures | neither the propriety uor the absolute necessity of the for this strycture «re made an exception, all the others | proposed trans being under the supervising Architect of the Treasury | We | the army 26,000 men, 15,000 of them ip the military deomed that for the legitiinate purposes of repatrs | division of the Missouri, embracing the whole Blocx } | day directly negotiated and adjusted through the ocean ———— that it was a change of law upon an appropriation | he President in regard to the Rivenam1 Harbor ditt, bill. expect We thi from ik the the country had Senate more a right to consideration | of ais subject, and the House only yielded at last | when longer persistence could result in ublimited ex- tension of the session without corresponaing good. The iismansgement now existing, although unfor- tunat well illustrated by the fact that the hostile Stwux armed with betier weapons than the troops pul inio the field against them. At this very session we have bees compelled to pass a law prohibiting the Indian agents from further supplying to these hostile Andiany improved arms and ammunition, I doubt and only regret to say that the proposition has been defeated in the Senate, more by indirection than by open opposition. TUK COND ‘OF THE WAK Let me pause for a moment to state a fact which car- ries with it ts own commentary, While there are tn ilis country, where the recent tights and massacres occurred, eneral Terry and Gencrai Crook have been hostile Indians nder sitting Bull with a force of jess than 3,000 men, We are now asked to add to the army 2,500 cavalry, when it must ve apparent to the most catual observer that sneb addition is entirely annecessary, if the force was taken trom where it ix of no service whatever and transierred to where it is needed to win success to our arms 1 yet hope for tho transfer at the next session. ‘We have made reductions, even under its present ineffi- cient management, of $700,000 or thereaboata COSSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC BILL. Appropriations last your $1,374,985 00 Department estimates {01 ing June 30, 1877 1,352,485 00 Amount recommended by Hiouse Commit tee on appropriations. Amount passed the House. Senaie Committee recommended. . Sevate passed, ‘And this iat iy The House held that our diplomatic rervice was con- ducted with unnecessary expense und that the salaries paid to foreign ministers wero excessive when con- trasted with the salaries paid to other govermental ollicers, while at the aame time officers of the highest diplomatic rank were aecredited te governments where chargéa d'affaires with greatly reduced salaries would e equally efficient, The truth is that all important matters between this and foreign governmonts aro to- telegraphs by the State Department at Washington, and, therefore, in ny instances, the position of foreign minister little more than a costl sinecure. Under what js known as the ‘Orth Dill,” the salaries of these officers were increased, and | that increase in a measure we have taken of. It must not be forgotten that our Miuisters abroad aro not valuable for any serviee they render to our com. merce, but that on ihe contrary it 8 our Consular sys- tem which is brought into direct contact with the American marine; and therefore we would like to see thas thorgugh revision of the Consular system which will secure its improvement and greater efliciency. To claim, because the Consular system is not only self supporting but has an excess of receipts from the pa ment of fees, that therefore all the money received should be expended in the service, is about as jnst as to claim that the Custom Honse and Loternal revenuo, be- cutse of recoipts beyond expenditures, should likewise be administered with extravagance. We bave not secured the reductions wo sought, and, which we believed to be proper, but wo have atleast accomplished enough to reward us tor our effort, LEGISLATIVE ILE The appropriation lat year amounted to, . ,.$18,902, 236 ‘The estimates for this year were... 20,836, 307 The bili ws reported by the Comm: Appropriations wi 13,009, 807 As it passed the House tt was. 12,995, 395, ‘As it passed the Senate it wai 16,635,338 ‘As it became a law it was. Pel 18,273,980 ‘The great strngalo of the ad taken piace oa that bill, The House hail sought to reduce the for: compensation of government employs, and the Senate had with equal tenacity resisted uch reduction. The result bad been a compromise effecting a reduction of id 765, On the 10th of -Octover he detendea the position of the. Houso on the redue- tion of tho- President's y from — $50,000 to $25,000, and he oxpressed the sineere conviction tint the people would se the matter in its true light. As to the proposed reduction of the compensation of Scnators and members, the Senate had urged against it the abolition of the franking privilege; but the Senate had, since the passage of the bili, voted to restore tho {ranking privilege—action which cer- tainly would not escape criticism. Another valuable result which had been acoompitshed had been the en- actment of a provision agninat the political assessincnt of government employés, Ho gave the following reca- Pitulation of the appropriation bills :— RECAPITULATION. The estimates of the departinents for the your wore..... . + $203, 1,025 The bills as reported by the Committee on Appropriations, : + 187,233,135 Tho bilis as passed oy the 158,250, 598 Appropriations for last year. . . $177,603, 327 The biils as enacted into law ‘this session... «147,719,074 Total reductiors. Mr. Svnixexn, (dem.) of ing wi district, Mr. RaxDatt, in conclusion, said that early in the session he had stated it as bis belief that the expen- ditures would be reduced between $30,000,000 and $40,000,000, This statement of bis had been regarded as an exaggeration, but ovents bad demonstrated its cor- rectness Ho foegretted to say that, in the struzgio wit the Senate, the House bad been compelied to yield to the extent of $10,500,000. He hoped ond beheved, + $29,944,273 |, Suggested that tho eav- at the rate ot $102,009’ for each Congressional in wnother year, the Senate would concur with the | Tonse im that regard, and he asserted that with a chiet magistrate acting in harmony with the purposo of the preseat House, a turther reduction could readily be made of $10,000,000. These facts and lgures speak for themselvee and need no eiboration. On’ the result which they demonstrated the majority rested their claim of having earnestly and fathiuliy disgharged their duty to the people, It had not reduced expenditures as much as it had expected, but the jailure to do so was not its fant. He believed that the real, natural, safe and permanent way to the resumption ol specie payment was iu the reduction of government expenattures, Human foresight, how- ever, could not fix the exact hour or day when it | should take place, But the trath was self-evident that if $20,000,000 or $30,000,000 a year was «aved, not only would the means (ur speedy resumption be provided, bat that contitence would be establisued, which musi inevitably do tho desired result, ‘As. Mr. Randall closed sprech he was warmly applauded on his own side of the house, Mr. Fosrxn, (rep.) of Ohio, x member of the Appro- priation Camimitiee replied to what he called the misstatements of the gentleman from iyanta (Mr, Ranaali), The minority of the committeo had entered on its duties with the intention | to aid the tnajority in making all practieable reductions iu the expenditures of the governmont, The redno- von which the mincrity thought could have been safely made was 000,000, As it) was he jelt sure that further | appropriations, amounting to millions, would be de Next session to deiray the expenses of the government for the present tixeal Year, And what wes tho parpose of this reduc- tion of appropriations? Was it to aid Governor Tilden fo resume specie payments in 187, or was it to pas the vast number of cotton claims which were ready to be launched on Congress next sessionY Why had not the House proposed a reduction of taxation? A reduction of appropriation without reduction of taxes wonld not be appreciated by the people. As to the reduction ior which the other side of the House elaimed credit he neserted that a very large proportion ~— was now reduction at ali, but simply a post- onement of expenditures that muat be made hereatte fn noarly ald the bills tuero were inany reappropria- tiona of indefinite sums once specifically appropriate and which would have been covered back ito t Treasury. Of this class of appropriations there were some $4,000,000 or $4,000,000. This was a pretty sharp practice, and might be characterized as a cheat, a de- jusion and a democratic trick. He alluded, @mong ether things, to the iact that the House had refused to. appropriate a single doliar for the judgments of the Court of Claims, being « direct and square repudiation of the claims of the government for the amere partisan purpose of reducing expenses, He submitted a table showing what items should be deducted trom Mr, Springer’s table of roductions:— TABLE OF REDUCTIO Frror in the addition of Mr, Springer’s tablo Reduction claimed on Pension Dill...ceeeeee Items tn Post Office bill for which no eredit for reduction should bg mad: Deficiency bill (belonging to inst year) appropriations for assay vilices Judgments of Conrt of Caims, Centennial appropriation Post oftice, New Yor Forts in the Northwest Repairmg Pennsylvania avenu Wasuington Monament,, Total ..... He admitted made the $24,465, 889. Miliary Academy bill $40,000 wes due to the reduced pay of cadels and professors, and $93,000 to postpene- | ment; that of the reduction tn the Consular and Dip- Jomatic bill $349,000 was accomplished by a violation | of trust, and an injary to eree; that a postpone- ment of $555,000 lor fortfiontions had been made; that in the Legislative bill over $3,000,000 was a post: ponemont, and over one-fourth of (ne $2,724,000 redue- tion worked injury; that the reduction of $1,400,000 in vy bill did great injustice to navy officers, and | er $1,000,000 Was a ponement; that in the army bill over $4,000,000 was a postponement, and that in the Sundry Civil bili ever $11,000,000 was | a postpopdement, and the reduction of $1,000,000 was | due mainly (0 the substitution of silver for fractional enrrency. He set down the figures of actual reduction 889 and of poxtponemens as $24,243,000 He ed (0 have shown beyond question that the reduc. tions were only about $10,000,000 instend of $39,000,000, | and that the balance was simply the postponement of expenditures that would have to be provided for in the future, and that of the 310,000,000 reduction a con- siderable portion was obiamed by crippling the gov- ernment inachivery. Never in bistory had current $14,719,682 font were would bo } when of that net amount He asserted that of the reduction in the these redu: reauctions facts been distorted as they had been tn this matter vy the democracy. There was no evitence of retorm on -th of the demo- cratic = party, It had refused to appropriate inoney for the necessary work on public buildings at a ine When that work could be done more cheaply than at any time since the war awl when laborers would bo bonetited thereby. fhe democratic party talked of ro- form, but how had ft practised in’ After it had gained possession of the House it bad adopted the ONR DEMOCRATIC MOTTO, “to the victors belong the spoils’? In proportion to the number of its omployés the disgrace and scandal attached to the “Reform House” was infintely greater than to ali the departments of the government. So far | patrick, who paid a visit auring the day to the rooms tating that if it had been compnisory to expend the money therein appropriated he yould have vetoed it, Dut as it was not he would take eure that the public money should pot he expen on useless works oF upou any that were not clearly national. The message crested quite & sepsation and was so verely criticised by the deaocrats and defended witn zeal LY the repubiioans. message was then referred to the Committee on Commerce and the House, at tive o'clock, took a reces® until oight o'clock this evening. PYENING SESSION, On reassemblivg great confusion prevailed, Mr. Banning, of Ohio, endeavored to have the Sen- ate bill for the merease of the cavalry force consid- ered, bnt objections were made. Mr, Banks, of Massachusetts, addressed the House in advocacy of the Bland Silver bill, At the close of Mr. Banks? speech, Mr, Randall moved an adjourament, and remarked that he was waiting on the couvenience of the Sonate. Not agreed to, After a political speech by Mr. Kasson the bill au- thorizing the President to accept the services of 5,000 voluntecr cavairy for six months and appropriating 1,000,000 for that purpose was, on motion of Mr, Ban- ning, taken up ond passed—121 to 41. Mr. Cox, of New York, areso to reply to Mr. Kasson, o! lowa, and stated that he (Kasson) deliberately lied about Governor Tilden. At the request of Mr. Hoar, of Massachusetts, Mr. Cox's words were taken down, and @ long debate arose as to whether he should be allowed to proceed, Proceedings are in progress for a call of the House, The democrats want to give Mr. Cox a chance to be heard, and the republicans will not permit tt A Vote to adjourn has been Lost. BLAIN PEECH, or OPENING OF THE REPUBLICAN CAMPAIGN IN MAINE—THE EX-SPEAKER ON GOVERNOR TIL- DEN AS THE CHAMPION OF STATES RIGHTS— ARK WE A NATION?—THE ACTION OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REVIEWED AND ORITICISED. Portnaxp, Me., August 14, 1876, The republican campaign in Mame was opened here to-night. Nearly 4,000 people crowded into the City Hall, many ladies being present, whilo as many more ‘on the outside fatled to gain an entrance, Hon, Nathan Webb presided and introduced as a native of Maine, Hon. Henry 0. Pratt, of Towa, who spok: foran hour, reviewing the acts and plate forms of the two parties, according tho credit of ro- forms to the republican party, and insisting that the completion of the reforms should bo enétisted to the party which conceived them, and not tothe democrats, Mit, BLAINE’S KNTRANCK. At a quarter to nine Mr, Blaine entered the hall and waa received with tremendous cheering, the band playing “Hail to the Chic?’ Ten minutes later he commenced -his spe He appeared in good health and spirits, but caretully husbanded his strength. u 8 SPESCH, Ho commenced One of the chief there js ttle difference between the y saying guinents of the democrats is that two parties, It he thought it was only turning out one get ot oMoeholders: and putting in another he would coucern kimsolf but little, but ho theaght there were never moro ime portant issnes involved. The ‘democratic party im putung forward Mr. Tilden are putting forward a SPECIAL CIAMVION OF STATE RIGHTS, In 1860, Mr. Tildev addressed a letier to William Keut in which he olearly announced the strongest doctrines of State’s rights, He made the distinction between confederation and the nation, and said that each State had the right to secede if it chose, He then quoted Webster in declaring that the United States is not a confederation, but a nation, deal- tng directiy with individuals and t no Stato could dissolve the Union; that the consti tution is supreme, and that the Supreme Court is final interpreter, that any State act opposed to this is rev- olution This be would put aganst Mr. Tilden’s letter, He quoted George T. Curtis’ eulogy of thir spegch (Webster’s) as the clearest and best oxposition of the doctrine of onr government ever nade. Now, thia speech “18 in direct opposition to the position ot which the democratic party bas pianted itself in the person of their leaders. He quoted Mr. Beck, of Kentucky, in spurning the word “nation,” and Mr. Eaton, of Uonnectieut, in say- Ing that this 18 a government of sovereign’ States, This tendency of the democratic party to take the State rights side of the question is 80 wide: ad that in most of the democratic speeches and writings of the modern day the admis sion that this is the nation cannot be found. This is no mere splitting of hairs abouta term, The very first pomt in their creed is that m case of a conflict they owe allegiance to their State first, He alu ded to VIRGINIA’S DOCTRINE ‘ that a State could decide what matter. should pas: through post offices, Mr, Lamar, one of the ablest Sonthern men, voted for the Centennial appropriation simply ou the ground that the powsr of deahng: , foreign nations hind been delegated. tothe generul goy- ernment, on which ground he could justify bis vote, He (Ulaine) had taken advantage of his recent conval- escence to read all the inaugural addressea and mos sages of ull the Presidents from Washiugto to our time, and found this government called a natiog by our first three Presidents—Washington, Adams and - | Joferson—115 times, and Washington thanked God that we were an independent nation, You do not beat conlederacy mentioned until Frauk Pierce and Ba chanan camo im. Mr. Tilden, too, calls it a confede racy. Now, do you expect anything of the democracy t TUR CURRENCY QUESTION, ie What has this Congress done of general legislation except to repeal the act of resumption? When itwas passed Mr. ‘Tilden was so. plensed with it U duced the State of New York to make all paymentg conform to it, But there was a mighty Western demoe racy who helieved in inflation, and they mot at-St Lonis, and there did not give u ther convictions, = but sim harmonize their differences by gorug over to Tilden and is immediate trie platform and sent it to St. 1, gob off thewtrack of specie pai oughly back ithout fixing a date, from the remedy, and until wo courage of our aglish ancestors: we shalt never — hear ho = gold —sengic = and silver doliar clinking upon eur counters. Whon s legislative body indefinitely postpones a thing it it considered dead, and the 8. Leais Vonvention, speak ing ior the democracy, indetinitely postpones specie payments, He thea reviewed the action of Congress in Invostigating a ‘are shrinking rise to the THe NAVY pEpant#eyt, and declared that overy individual right which a froe Citizen Gun possess Was trampled upon in the proceed: ing against Secretary Robeson. He said that such a Violation of private rights would in Kngiand raise mob and destroy a ministry. The action of Congress relative to the appropriation bills was next severcly criticised, . Mr, Blaine’s speech occupied about an hour, and at its conclusion an immense procession, with torches, music, flreworks and saluses of light artillery, escorted © or boat, the speakers to the Ban) course thronging the strects, SUPPORTING PiTER COOPER, an immense con A committee of one appointed by the Green Island | (Alany county) Greenback Club yesterday waited upon Mr, Peter Cooper and presented: to him a letter signed by forty of its members, The document stater that its subseritiers believe there is 'a crisis impending of no less moment than that through which the nution was passin when Tom Paing penned his famous sei tence, ‘Vhere.are the times that try men’s souis’” [tb further believes that the republican and domecratio ties Alike have, by their humiliation of Inbor, tor- [eited all cintme ts the support of the laboring classos to which the writers deelure they bejong. ‘e are canyineed,”? the document continues, “that ‘your eleo- tou 10 tne Chief Magistracy of the Republic would be the dawn of a new and glorious era for the millions. of our countrymen, who to-day stant appahed at the ‘pect of starvation.” The venerable candidate answered, then sent the two back with his pockets laden with copies of is lower upon finance for disteibution among his cons stituents THE CAMPAIGN COMMITTEES, The secretaries of the two campatga committees wore left alone im their glory yesierday, there being no callers of any note, with the exception of General Kil- of the Republican Committee before starting for Indi ana, Where be is to deliver several speeches im favor of Hayes and Wheeler, It is expected that Mr. Hewitt, the chairman of the Democratic Committee, will be home by Wednesday or Thursday next, ct the latest, and that aday or so after his arrival the Execative Committee wil hold a special meeting at the Everet: House, and that thea the final arrango- ments will be tpade forearrying the war into Africa, or, rather, into Obie and Indiana, and the choice mado of the leading speakers for the mnectings to be held ext month in the Jarge cities of those States. In an. swer to ag inquity ot a HmicaLo reporter as to what the democrats were doing now in Indiana aud Oni to counteract the active Campaign movements began on Saturday there by the republicans, a member of the Democratic Committee replied:—''The democrats will ve heard trom in due time, Daring the campaiga very Httle ‘harran business’ will ve done by thom, proba. bly, but the work they will periorm, even if it does not make as much noise asthe republicans, will, L think, be found more effective on election day, ‘Alls weil that ends well!’ you know."? QUESTION OF DEMOCRATIC UNION, The truth of the reports that conferences have been held between Tammany and anti-Tammany representa- lives, looking to a union of the Jactions and the send- ing of a single delegation to the State Demoeratie Con- Vention, will be tested at a meet many Execative Committee, to be held about a week hence, and for which acall will soun be issued by Hon, Emaouei B. Hart, the chairman of the commities, NOMINATED FOR CONGRESS. Nornistown, Pa,, August 14, 1976, as practica) legisiation was concerned the House had been au absointe tail MESSAGK PROM THR PRESIDENT. The Speaker laid before the House a message from | district. Non, James Boyd was to-day ngminated for Con. ress by the Democratic Convention of the seveauh