The New York Herald Newspaper, August 14, 1876, Page 3

WAR IN SERVIA. The Armies of the Timok and Morava. INTERESTING DETAILS. Turkish Brutality and Servian Humanity. SWARMING SWINE. A Description of Saitsechar Be- fore the Fall. A HOSPITAL VILLAGE. HapqvantTers ARMY oF TIE Exon, } Sarrscuan, July 18, 1876 From Alexinatz to Saitschar it is about thirty hours’ ide on a good horse; hence it was no great matter to effect a ‘‘ebange of base” from that point to this place. The country ts very mountainous alter leaving Alex. fnatz until the valloy of the source of the Timok is reached at Boljevatz. (The letter j is pronounced like y in York in the English equivalents to the Servian Bames of towns.) Irom this point a tolerablo country - Fond leads to Saitschar, tho present headquarters of General Lechianin, commanding the Army of the Fimok. The country is very woll cultivated in the val- leys and on the hillsides, the products of the sil being similar to those of the Nortbern and Middle States of America, with here and there a vineyard in some shei- tered locality, Ihave scen Indian corn growing in Servia, and it seemed something like home to seo the waving fields so familiar to every American eye. I saw the stubble of corn fields last winter in Austria | ‘and Italy, but tho living stalk was beheid in Servia for tho first time since leaving the United States, THE ILLUSIONS OF Nowe that came thronging in my memory as I rode down the steep mountain were speedily dispelled at the first hovel I encountered, where the inhabitants saluted me with the “ternal ess Bogum’ (God be with you), which forms the chronic salute in Servia and Bulgaria between all parties A foreigner who only knew the word **Bogum’’ (God) would imagine that be had wan- fered into the most profano country on the face of the plobe in passing through the streets of one of these Biavonian, towns; the whole population, men, womgn and children, would seem to him to be outdoing tho famous exploits of swearing so generally attributed to “our army in Flanders.” The tact is, they do got prayeriul ejaculations badly mixed up sometimes with expressions of a decidedly contrary character. SOCIAL LIFE, The Turkish pensant Slavs, like the Russians never use tho ordinary knife and fork in eating, They tarry a knife in a sheath hung on a belt, which sorves for both these implements of table Industry, and even many of the would-be *‘swells” of Belgrade carry their table knives with them. I remem- ber my feclings last summer when, landing at Abo, on the coast of Finland, I noticed all the people carrying these implements about. My conclusion was furmod at once that I had arrived in a barbarous country where blood ran like water and bodies lay around like “leaves in Vallambrosa.”” This impression was heightened by tho furious gestures and ferocious manner of speaking, even m ordinary conversation, of the natives; but I soon found that they were cminently harmless peoplo and very little addicted to quarreiling. The Slavs gon- eraily have a ludicrous way of expressing anger and feflance. After a torrent of furious ejaculations and mach frantic swinging of bis arms in tho air one sud- fenly spits on the ground, a regularly frantic and emphatic expectoration, This is the climax of wravh, The other at once follows suit, and afterward cach sentence is followed by a catlike spitting, until they either clinch’? one another or march off in opposite directions, stopping at each five yards to jaw and spit, If a struggle takes place there Is no hitting, as in England and America, but instead thereof a confused pulling and hauling, which is emi- neotly fatal to the wardrobe, but not dungerous to the sorporeal frame, I saw a duolof this kind in Russia last winter that lasted, with short intermissions, all | day, and neither combatant lost a drop of blood, but both were mortally wounded in tne tailors’ department. The Servian Slavs, while possessing these character. Istics, are somewhat more dangerous, and sometimes aso their knives, but, generally speaking, they area peaceable people and but litue inclined to bickerings, although when roused in warlare they are very des- perate. THE SERVIAN POSITION in and about Saitschar is the key to the Eastern fron- Vier, and it is threatened by a large Turkish force under Osman Vacha, tho commander of the Widdin pachalik, Severat skirmishes havo already taken place along this front, but no serious eng been fought, notwithstanding the enormous accounts of furtous Datiles which have been deserived by Bponcents of papers who are anxious to “iesh their maiden’ quills in the gore of a real batile field, THE SERVIAN PLAN. ‘The general plan of operations adopted by the Servian leaders seeins to be to hold their troutters intact, to fomeut insurrections 1n all the Turkish province arm all the reingees that come to their camp, ‘This 18 hot the quickest and best mctuod of rousing the mnsur- Reuts, but it brings them all into the Servian ranks aud makes Servia the liberator of aii the provinces, which, of course, is tattering to Servian ambiton,” These bauas of insurgents are expected to cut the Turkish communications in the interior o: Bulgaria and Bosnia, and they are doing something in that line; but, being without proper leaders, they have eretoiore falied im cutting the Turkish railway lines Jeeding from Constans Hnople to Rousienouk, on the Danube; to Sophia, below Niscu, and to Mitrouts, velow Novi-Bazar, which, of fours¢, are the most escential lines to break'up, THK TURKISH PLAN, ‘The Turks evidently mean to aticrupt clearing the line of the Timok aus to 1orce toeir way into the Ser- vian territory, so as to threaten ihe communications between the Save and Danube with the orm or. hayeff at and near Alexinatz, and General Zach operat- Ing around Novi-Bazar, THK SERVIAN LINKS, nt the Servian General- T, has arranged bis tino as folows:— , aud Tsvouid not write it but for the nnot be published in New York before the Fiiuation has been changed agam.) Lechianin holds Saitxehar and ifs surroundings with between 20,000 4 Poljaua, to guard the road crossing the Timok by idge at’ Vratarnika, ‘Tchernayel, with a torce oF nine brigudes—about 20,000 men—tas moved | up from the vicinity of the Niseh fronver so as to strike the tla: atiack umn which may ertayell’s army consists of 65,000 etches from jadenatz, on the villages in th hence to Cerova; from th tches to the westward along Babina Glav: first fizht took pince, an mentioned in my last letter; theace norta of Ax-Bavan- ka (the tight also described in my letter from Alexinatz), and then ia a southern apd western direction to Top: olinitza, on the Morava Kiver. On the opposite side of the Morava he alse byids Brocopiiji The force wndcr the. immediate command of Tehernayel! os divided as follows:—Ussomkointz has 10,000 men at Frocopliji holaing the right wing of the position, and guarding the entrance to the Topolintza 6,000 men near Raw tng on Servint Turkish grouna, aliey, Ivanoriz has about r Buchovilx, part of his line rest- itory, the remainder bemg on rgevitz commands the most ad- Vanced part of the line, aud bas 4,000 men, with bis headquarters ar Topolntz. On the position ranning from Babina Glava through Corona, and oceuping the Aouiheastern angle of the Servian tronuer, 18 ve force under Hovatovitz (who is second in command to Yeheraayelf), numbering about 15,000 men, To the westward we find Generai Zach, with a force of 30,000 men, intrenched on a line running from a point about two miles inside the Servian frontier to beyond Mitrovitz, thus cutting off Novi-Bazar from the railway which Funs trom Constantinople to Mitrovitz, The Archunandrite Duchitch, who has dofled the hos a force of several thonsand it Rodoina, in Bosnia. General Alimpich is intrenched before Beiina, whence ne 1s ing all the insurgents in Northern Bosnia, who we risen en masse. For risen in the rritory occupied by Gen rvian commanders are holding their own they are arming aud drilling the volunteers who come pouring into their camps in hundreds. If the Slavonians only had some experienced generals 1 shonld say the Otto- man Empire had not eighteen months to live; wiih ail (aerr new fledged generals and colonels, ‘it is, 0! course, utterly impossible to form any idea wha they Wilda, Ineir material—thi rs—is first class in ve commanders and sony ‘o army in Europe would man for man THE SITUATION At present, as will be irom the for exvectant one, and to enable the readers of the KRALD so jorm :mtelligent conceptions of the important move- _ NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, AUGUST 14, 1876—WITH SUPPLEMENT. ments that wii goon take place 1 bave given the pres- ent itions of the whole line, so that when any par- ticular portion becomes tavolved in a decisive battle there will be no difficulty in their comprehending the accounts they will receive from the Herxap’s corre- spondents on the field of action, These descriptive preparations for important future events are especially necessary in this war, as the world in general knows nothing of the physical geography of the country, a maps that give any correct representations thereof are extret diMcult to obtain, perbaps totally wanting, in the United States, as the only ones worth having have been printed in Vienna. With the map already sent you showing positions ef troops when war was de- clared and the one enclosed | do not think anything will be required 10 future beyond local sketches of operations, which can readily be understood when compared with the genoral maps alrcady in the pos- Session of your readers. rs IN PRONT OF SAITSCHAR, ‘The ground in front of Saitscbar, and on which tho impending battle will be fought, ts rolling and im some places almost mountainous; hence abounds in good de- ive positions, which will place the Turkish forces at a disadvan’ in the combat. This will be par- tially counterbalanced by the superiority of the Turk- ish artillery, and, considert:.g that both armies are ficered by men who bave bad no warlike experience, the result will probably depend upon those sudden chance operations that generally decide conflicts be- tween new troops ignorant ol the science of war. Volunteers are-pouring into Servia by hundreds from the Slay poputation of Austria, and already several thousands have been armed and equipped and sent to the field, ‘The Christian forces are constantly being in- creased; hence delay on their part means greater strength, while the Turks have nearly every available ‘man in ibe field from their European possessions, and, as their Christian subjects in Asia Minor are restive, they will not dare to draw very heavily upou their forces in that direction, The events of the next three months will enable the world to form some idea as to the result of the contest. With all the drawbacks of new officers, &c., the Servian star appears uppermost at the present time, AEMY OF THE MORAVA. Heavqvarters AkMY ov THR MORAVA, Paratcuing, July 16, 1876, } After twenty-four hours’ travelling through tho valley of the Morava l have at last arrived at bead- quarters, Paratchine is situated on the right bank and at a short distance from tho Morava, whose two branches, the Servian and Bulgarian Morava, join a few miles to the south between Gurgosovatz and Paratehine, Itis onthe high road from Belgrade to Constantinople, and on the same road lie Nisch, a forti- fled town, which has always been the Ottoman base of military operations in the wars betwoon Turkey and Austria, and which is at this moment the principal ob- ject of General Tchernayeff’s eflorts; Sophia, theeapital | of Bulgaria; Philippolis, the ancient Greek and Byzan- tine city, and Andrinopolis, the second city of Turkey in Europe, LEAVING RELGRADE, I left Belgrade on the morning of the 14th, whore, in spite of my impatience to be at the contre of opera- tions, I only succeeded in obtaining my safo conduct tho night before starting; and a safe conduct is indis- pensablo here except you wish to be passed from “bri- gado to brigade” to the press headquarters, I had al- ready obtained, as well as my companion Jeziorskt, the privilege—it costs twenty francs—of travelling in the carriage of the courier, who still goes beyond Parat- chine as far as Alexinatz, And I may remark hore that the best proof that the Turks have not yot entered Servia, at least at this side, is that the postal service still exists. On starting we received the sbogom (farewells) of our friends, and three horses, compatriots of Kisber, but with fow marks of resombiance to that cole- brated horse, drew us out of the town, We are upon the plateau of Vratchar, Behind us Bel- grade is fast ¢isappearing. Bolow an immense Inko, where tha Save and Danube meet, still sparkles, Then . we reach the picturcaque villago of Gradska, where, for almost two years, the old Prime Minister of Prince Michael, Elias Garachavine, has lived. Tbis man, from the simplicity of his manners and from a disin- terestedness altogether unknown among tho lately elected Senators, has justly earned the honor of being called the Cincinnatus of Servia, where he tills his small estate with the aid of his two sons, We changed horses at SememUvia, where the old residence of the .Servian despots in the fourteenth century was, and which was at avfother time the capital of Servia. To- day it is. a village divided by a inain street, on eltner sido of which are plain houses with stores where they sell inerely the necessaries of lile, While the horses were being changed I took a hasty view of the imposing ruins of a high turreted fortress at the mouth of the Morava, VILLAGES WITHOUT MEH, Here we left the Danube suddenly ond turned to the south, 1 order to penetrate the great valley of tho Morava, the most populous and fertile country of all Servia, Villagesand hamlets follow cach other in quick succession. All the country seems deserted. No men except oi very old ago. All the Servians go to the army, either in the towns or at tho frontior. The women aad children regard us with curiosity as we pass. Upon the road at tuo entrances of tho villages, and even in the ‘Villages themselves, our carriage is obliged to foree its way through troops of swine. [ have never seen 80 many pigs before vd it is most likely never yhali again. At Belgrade you see them siroliing through the streets: The country 1s inundated with them. You meet them on thy borders of the flelds of maize, aud rolling them- solves in the mud on the roads During the night, while changing at some village, we chanced to be at a meana—au inu—tull of recruits, AN INSURGENT RENDEZYOUS. No picture could be more strikiug than the appear- ance of these inhabitants of the mountain and plain, with their swarthy color and their clothes tattered and soiled by the mud of the roads, lying stretched on the ground or on benches, either asleep or chatting in low tones. They had broughi with them the arms which had ornamented ‘heir coitages, aud we could see by the light of a smoky lamp, which rearcely lighted the meana, ther Gaggers or the batts of their pistols ded irom their belts, Had it not been y reports of cannon, which doubtless resounds at ® short distance from here, we might have thougat ourselves in the midst of bandits, an of soldiers, At dawn, just a8 we had erossed the spurs of Mount Lipar, we per’eived in the centre of a wide valley encircied with hizh hills the ruined dome and minarets of a mosque, We are at Jagodina, TUK JAGODINA bISTRICT. Upon leaving Jagodina we met several carts filled with wounded. We crossed the Morava for the firs time, and an hour afier we passed under the two tri- phai arches rased at either end of the bridges of Tehonpria when Prince alilan arrived at headquarters, A certain auimat:on was noticeable in the little town, ‘The priucipal street or rather road is cut up by the wagons carrying munitions of different kinds. Wo still met with Wounded men siretched upon straw at the vottom of carts, who were being brought slowly to the hospitals establisued in all the principal places of the district, During our short stay at Tchon- pria we hal time to oxamine parts of walls, the ruins of a fortress, built by the Romans and de- stroyed im 1813 by the brave but untor:anate Kara- george, the Servian patriot who gave his country ber | first laws, and who feared that she would fall agam into ibe power ot the Turka An hour lier and we arrived before Paratchine. Flags floating at tne tops of high flagstafls first showed its position. The three colors—red, biue and black—placed horizontally on the Servian flag seemed to cover the whole town, We were AT HEADQUARTERS, What an animated scen ‘The way is blocked with wagons, Which come and go, empty of laden with pro- visions or stores for the army, Many of these wagons are drawn vy enormous wild oxen, All the bouses of the village are decked and garianded with foliage. The streets are cut up by the suidiers and cavairy, which beieng for the most part to the Prince's Guard. We stopped before the office where the chiel of police made us show our sate conducix We sought 1 vain for some lodging. All the ints except two, which are already crammed to suffocation, are turned 1Ut0 hospitals or given up to the use of the army. At last, thanks to the kindness of some ollicers, my companion and L succeeded in finding a lodging with a druggiat, #bO kindly gave usa room already vecn- pied by an artist of the Monde Jilustre, who had ar- rived some twenty-lour hours betore, Faratchine, althoagh tbe principal town of the coun- try, 1s oniy % village, and as poor in appearance as those | have aiready described, Servia i poor; ber iudustry has not yet developed. Agriculture aud breed- ing of cattle constitute ber priucipal wealth, Her towns are villages, ber villages hamiets, But her edu- cated population come ofa great and powerful race, She has a right to Mmdependence, and especially so when this independence i# iorn from her by the Turks. May they and may the civilized world not look on in + this shameful spectacle—varbarity destroying civilization. Tho Slavs have a right to a place on the map of Europe, Tht as it is called a town, is divided by a small river, the Tehernitza, which flows imo the Morava two miles from here. Two wooden bridges join the banks. At present the one by which the road jeads is day and night crowded with the various wagons of the army. Atenher end of the bridge is « general rendezvous where people chat, pees ao communicate the news which is oh good up to to-day. L have visited about ten of the ambulance stations, whieh ara establi Mi Soe but principally in the’ inns and ols. tho surgeons the wounded are cared for by nurses and servian ladies, whore devotion reminds me of that of our mothers and sisters during the siege of Paria, There are about 150 7 ‘4 private house on tho bank of the river close to the press headquarters. 1 was ro- ceived this morning by Colonei Ivanoviteh, the chief of lis staff, and by Mr. Wasiliewitch, the Minister of Public Instruction, the only Minister who is with His Highness, They personally assured me that no mill- tary operation of importance had as yet tuken place, Tehernayoff is blockading Weddin at present after hav- ing taken the vilinge of Florentine. With the atmy of Timok Major Horstick has attacked the Turkish posi- tions at Veltki-Iznor, which the enemy was forced to abandon and retire into their camp. In thia affair the battalions belonging to the brigade from Belgrade had been particularly distinguithe With the army of the DrivaGeneral Alimpich had telegraphed to the Prince that very day that tho +} Turks were committing the most frightiul acts of cruelty among the Servian villages of Bosnia along the Save. The Christian imhabitant: being mas- sacred and their houses &et on lire. Many women and children are taking refuge in the Servian territory. Several hundred of these untor- tunates have come to the General’s camp, who has, of course, icomed them. The most of these cruelties are committed by the Bashi-Kazouks and by the Redifs—that is, soldiers of the Turkish roserve force, The despatch of the General, which I have myself read, at the wretebes cut the litte eblidren into pieces, and then threw them into the air in order to Practice catching them upon their swords. Ought not the so-called “‘Subliwe” Vorte be reminded that they e one of the signatories of the Convention of neva? In ulmost ull the places where battles havo taken place dead or severely wounded Servians have been found with their heads cut off or mutilated. At the Army of tho Drina, after tho affair ot Beltina, the Servians have replied to these atrocities by burying, 0s it. they were their own dead, the bodies of 600 Tarks whom they found ou the feid of batue. I will add that many wounded Turks are taken care of by the Servians in the hospita’s and ambulances with ag much devo- tion as if th re Slavs and not Turks GLIMPSES OF THE EXHIBITT A QUIET RAMBLE THROUGH MACHINERY HALL— 4 DRESS PARADE OF THE INDUSTRIES—THE FOAM, THE FIZZ AND THE GLITTER OF THE SODA FOUNTAINS-——MYSTERINS OF THE SEWIKG MACHINE, Purvapetrata, August 12, 187 From a ramble of some lazy hours in the American department in Machinery Hall the bewildered observer might come away with the impression that the whole world is nade up of sowing machines, soda fountains scales and pumps, He might reasonably entertain the opinion that satisfactory planct could be rua and continned imdefinitely if well supplied with these articles, 1t would eceurto him, perhaps, from the evident importance given to brass faucets, that a few of these would be uselul additions, Ho might even thmk of including a scroll saw to amuse himself on occasional chips; and life might seem more endurable for eighty or ninety varietios of machines for punching holes iv iron, But these would be the mere iringes and embroideries—tho accidental ornaments of a world made up of sewing machines, soda fountams pumps and scales. An exposition is afterall only a dress parade of tho industries of a nation, and is pre- eminently valuable for tho indication it gives ot the tendencies of a people’s life and civilzation—the dem- onstration of the wants that mechanical ingenuity is tant TRNDENCY OF AMERICAN CIVILIZATION is toward cheap sweot drinks ; toward the realization of some safe compromise between the juleps of the palmy days of the Repablic and the snivelling morality of prohibition, This is evident from tho enormous de- velopment of the soda fountain, This is a niational in- atitution—and is all our own, Scales and pumps we cannot honestly claim, except in so far as we havo im- proved them, There was evidently a sewing machine made in England betore ours, The steamboat is in doubt, Even government “of the people and for the people, and by the people,” was thought of many years before 1775 in other countries—though Mr. Evarts scems not to have heara of it, Thus many of our great possossions fade away under the resolute as- sortions of other claimants; but the soda fountain is altogether and indisputably ours, Over this triamphant creation of our ingenuity the eagle may sulely scream, Germans, Italiaus and French have irom time im- memorial had natural soda fountains in inconvenient places, like the mountains of Bobemia, or in Lombardy, or in Auvergne and the Pyrennees, to enjoy which people had to make expensive journeys. Our inventors juntped boldly to the conclusion that the only difference between those waters and common water wus a litte medicine and a little gas, and they contrived the ap- paratus that enabled the whole world to enjoy A MINIATURM GASTRIN in the apothecary’s shop ut the corner, Then, as it was the gas that made it foain, ‘und people didn't want medicine, they left out the mediciue and made gas without 1, which involved the soda fountain im its most primitive condition. . There was then only one objection to the popular character of the institution, Mineral water has a nasty taste, so they added syrup with various flavors. Hence the Frencbman’s time honorea glass of sugar and water, for taking. which generations of Saxons have laughed at him, 13 now taken by the whole American people asa ‘national drink, With the addition of “a little carbonic’acid gas, made with oil of vitrol and chips of marble gathered in the shops of the tombstone makers. How the water foams and bubbles in a big tumbler with a nickel handle; how sweet itis and how coid, and bow much can be taken without any other danger than that of explosion. Not so wicked as whiskey; not so un- pleasant as honest mineral water; and ‘yet foaming poetically above the prosy commonplace of mere water. Is it nota happy type of the emptiness and pretence and delusiveness 01 fashionable virtue ? It is but just to say that Philadelphia, Boston, New York and tho great West strive with one another for supremacy in the production of the soda fountam, and they elevate it toa monumental splendor that doubt- Jess overpowers the youthful mind in the rural dis. tricts, Some of the fountains aro about tho size that churches used to be in the primitive ages, and they ney of polished side of the aisle whieh they occapy shines like a picce of plated tairy lund, all foam and zz and ghi:ter. THK SKWING MACHINES, Thero are some twenty-eight or thirty diff-ront on- closures devoted to the demonstration of the sewing machine in all tts variety. Sewing machines are ex: | hipited at two points in the foreign quarter—in the | English department and io the French depart- ment—and the remainder are all in the most conspicuons and advantageous position in the SAuerican depariments. ‘Iwo of the exbibits, the least conspicuous o/ all, have a peculiar interest as indica- tions of progress, One of them shows the sewing ma- chine moved by an electrical apparatus; the other, the aaine machine, moved by a current of water with asmall turbine Hotu these ideas are likely to prove ot value, Any lady to whom the use of the Pedal is irksome may have the machine so adupted that the simple force of the Croton water as it runs at tho tap in the lower part of almost any house in the city, willturn tho wheel; or the same work can be dono by a little electric batery of four cups. All the other sewing machine exhibits are repotiiions of the shops on Broadway, made up of handsome cabinet work and good-looking young women in charge of the machines, UTILIZATION OF BEAUTY. Perhaps tho most admired objecis in the whole exuibit.on are the white arms of a beautiful blonde in one of the sewing machine estab- lishments, This young lady, by the, way, 1s an adopt | tn the use of the ‘machine for the ornamentatton of silk or velvet or olber tissues ina peculiar style some- what different from embroidery. The cifect of the Ainished work 1 that of Jace sewed upon the tissue, It 1s quite as beautiful, bat inasmuch as it must be ine finitely cheuper it will bardiy be used im piace of lace. This ornamentation is done with great skill, without the use of apy pattern, except may be one already familar to the mind’s eye, Beautilul ornamentation with the sewing machine is done im the French depart- ment; but those duli peopio use patterns. nething too much of this’? will be the jnev- itable sigh of the weary visitor who reaches in éaicly the end of the sewing machina list; but yet this ex- hibit evidently has an inextraustibie interest ior the women who throng near it day after day, always with unflagging zeal, Gut the general impression on the mind is that objects of which the owing machine, the foda fountain and the piatiorm scale may bo taken as types are more favored than those that might excite a Vigher if less extensive interest; that the energy of the retail trade crowds to the wall that which is less self-sacriticing, because of conscious superiority, OFFICER WILLIS’ FUNERAL. ‘The funeral ceremorftes of tho Into William B, Wiltis, | for over thirty years counceteéd with the police forco of this city, took place at the Masonts: Temple, in | ‘Twenty-third strect, yesterday alternoon at two o'clock, For as long as thirty years tho Jace and figure of this policeman has beon known around Washington Parade Ground, which was his stauion of police duty, and every pursery maid and child that has frequonted the parade ground during the past twenty years was quite familiar to the late UMcer Willis, who dicd at the age of eighty-two years. The Templo was crowded with | friends of the deceased, among whom wore twonty police officers from the Fifteenth precinct under the command of Sergeant Allen, who io! 4 the hearse to Greenwood Cemetery, where bis remains wero interred. Manhattan Lodge, F. A. M., of which Officer Willis waa the oldest member but one living, ‘was present in full force to do honor to thoir deceased brother, Brother Wm. 8. Smith, Master of Manhattan Lodge, read a sketch of the life of Officer Willts, which proved quite interesting. There wore delegates also resent irom Hilland Loage, Repablic Lodge, Jerusa- Jom Chaptor, R.A. M., the Masonic Veteran As- rociation and other bodies, Deceased had been soffering from illness for the past eighteen months. He was born in Boston in 17%, having eon a classmate im school of Edward Everett. Ilo served in the war of 1812, and wnile holding a commis- sion from the State of Massachusetts had command of two batteries placed on Boston Cominon. He afier- ward removed to Great Egg Harber, N. J., and engayed in shipping business, while there acting as representa- tive of the Board of Underwriters, Ho also held the positions of Postmaster, Justice of the Peace and | Judge of jourt of Common Pleas, He became a member of Unioa Loage in 1824, and in 1850, by affilia- tion, Was admitted a member of Manhatten Lodge. Officer Willis was much esteemed by all tho old rosi- of the Ninth and Fifteenth wards who know him. THE GARNER ESTATE, Tne Garner mansion, with its appurtenances, on Bard avenue, New Brighton, is to be sold, as the rela- tives of the family do not care to occupy the premises. A large quantity of valuable furniture has already been removed, and the piace will soon be deserted. There iam ramor that the North Shore ferry will soon be the Garner is no provision for | nh, called upon to minister to, Evidently the most impor- j | nave him here to keep the natives away. | shail return. | only five days, and by iand twenty. MTA Frank Pocock's Letters from Victoria Niyanza and Uganda, LEYS FACTOTUY. DEATH OF HIS BROTHER. His Impressions of the Country and the Natives. PERPLEXING POLYGLOT. Messages to the Lads and Lasses in Merrie England. ESP ES NE Laxe Victorta Nrvanza. My Dean Panexts—I dare say you think it strange not hearing anything of me, 1am afraid you will hear too soon of my dear brother. 1 will not enter upon that, as you will Know all about it, We received your letters the day after wo left tho coast, and were very glad to hear such news, Since then I have seen some changes, I can teil you. Sometimes without food, sometimes with plenty; sometimes wet weather, at other times dry, it isa feast or a famino with every- thing. 1 have had the fever about twelvo times; bat, thank God, I have got over it. I have not had it now for two months, 1am now more used to the country. 1 have good health now to what I did. THR VIRST TO AEE LAK YICTORIA. We had rough times of it after poor Ted’s death. ‘What with fgiting and long marching, it almost turned me up. We arrivea here on February 27, alter a jour- ney of 103 days from the coast. When I saw the lake my heart leaped within me at tho sight of the water, We were coming over a large hill, and ono of the natives ran back to me and said, “Bana! banal”? (which is Sir”) “margey! (water) margey!”? Tho master was bebind, 80 that I saw it before him, Iam the thirdwhite man thatever saw the inland xea, it 18 1,026 milesaround it, plenty of fish and crocodiles, hippopotami and birds on the shores, glienty of islands, Meand Ted had one each, Barker one and many others, which will be on the map when issued, Mr. Stanley was’ fifty-seven days gone in the boat to find the source of the Nile. Ho has been successful in his undertaking. Where Ted died was the very spot where the Nile flows from. It was strange that he should say what he did. In about fiitecn days after (hat we crossed the south arm of the Nile in thejboat—the first English boat ever there. When the natives at tho jake saw the boat and three white men they were surprised. They aro quite wild; they are naked, but civil, We travelled 170 miles where no other white man ever was, That was where we had to fight, You will hear of it in the papers, THK UGANDA COUNTRY, Doar parents, atter we leave here we go to a beautl- ful country called Uganda, Mr. Stanley stayed fifteen days with the King while going round the lake. In fact, all the countri are healthy wo are going to, Wo havo a steamer waiting for. us, with Mr. Gordon, at Lako Albert Niyanza. Our work is over one-thira done; the worst is over ; all the countries we go to now havo plenty of food, cheap. I have plenty to tell you when T come home, if God spares me to come, which 4 hope Ho will, Froderick Barker died on April 25 I was left with 166 men. I was tn charge all the time Mr. Stanley was away, but wheh he was gone I had no one to talk to or to ask advice. When Mr, Stanley camo back he was very much pleased the way I had dis- charged my duty. He told ime all about,tho trip in the boat, and many other things, Ho says we shall bo home in about eighteen months, All the letters you or any one else has sent will be forwarded on to Ujijt, s0 that I snall get them there, but that will not be be- fore December, Dear parents, wait with patience, and you will see me come home with honor, 1 expect it seems along timo to you, bat it seems like yesterday tome. 1 am in good health and happy. My thoughts aro ever on you all, and my prayers are for you. I have had trouble, but I have borno up against it Mr. Stanley says:—¥rank, you aro the coolest inan and the happiest 1 ever saw.” I don’t knew | the exact timo wo shall leave hero, but the King of Uganda has sent eighty canoes and 500 mon to take us to his couutry. Ho is a Christian, Mr. Stanley said he was sorry to loave him; he is.so fond of a white man. Thero,is a French officer at his place, and Colonel Gordon further on, with several white men with him. POCOCK'S SUITE. My dear parents, were you to seo the hut Iam now sitting in writing this you would say, How can youlive there? but to-morrow we shail leave hore, perhaps jor no house at all, Ihave just had my evening meal of tea, boiled beefand banana. In my hut there are no less than nine black boys around me, asking me ques- tions about England, and the boy that beld Dr, Living- Stone's nand is my servant and is as faithtul as any Christian, and alittle boy, aslave, but now iree, As soon as he came with mo | set him free. If saw him pulled from his mother. He is about nino years old, quick and honest. His name is Benjamin, Ins LOST BROTORR. My dear parents, keep my dog, Sailor, and I will pay forhim when Icome home. I should like to they are afraid of the white man's dogg, but allour dogs ore dead. Idare say youthink it unkind of me notto say anything about my dear brother; but Gou’s will be done, and I hope ho watres, What can 1 say or think? AllT can think Iwish he was with me now, 1 cannot explain to you all just now; but I hope to tell you in person some day. Mr. Stanley has mado some great discoveries, I can tell you it is not all plea- sure in Africa, but I hope it will soon be over, and we Remember me to everybody, and look for me in May, 1877, ON THY IS8AND OF NKEVEWAT. P, S—My dear parents, I thought whenI wrote the other sheets they would be on their way by this timo, but the letters only go whenthere is a caravan going w Unyanyembe with ivory, so Tean’t say when this letter will reach vou, Since I wrote the other | have had a trip of twelvo days the boat with ten men, to get oes to convey our caravan by water to Uganda, which is I went to an island called Ukerewoway, about 120 miles round it ‘The King is very great, I wantto him. When I went near tho natives were surprised to see a boat. There were thousands who nover saw a white man or a boat, Iwas the first white nan ever thero, I was followod everywhere by hundreds of them, Thoy were around the bont all day, and if I waoted them to move away | only had to get vut of her. Men, women and children aro very near all naked, They are a fine race of peo- ple—the King as fine a looking man as I have soen in Africa, When | went to bim he sat on a largo stone with, I should say, 2,000 people aropnd him, all armed with something. I went witn nothing in my hands nor my men, 80 that he should think wo wore friends, Ho had me to sit down beside him and my boy to speak at our fect, He looked at mo and smiled; he touched my hair, and then wanted me to show it all, THR NATIVES SCRERISED, Whon I took off thy hat the people all laughed, but I did not mind that, as it would not do to got ont of tempor, Thon ho looked at my shoes, which surprised him very much, He aughed and talkea about my dress. He had about twenty fathoms of light brass wire round his legs and large rings on bis arms, beads on his neck and a fino cloth—nothing on his head—that is the custom. A five mado man; he stunds six ‘cot of more, His name ia Lukongu, Ho and his people are very kind. As soon as | asked him about tne canoes he said I should hhave fifty the next day, but 1 had to stop six days for them to be repaired, He gave mo two fine bualiocks; ho sent mo milk night and morning (it was fino milk) 3 and bananas, which aro very plentiful, for miles itis nothing bat banana trees, The women brought me flour, but not like that at home; swect potatoes and tobacco, I gave him presonte- a gold ring and an Albert chain, a black necklace and some cloth. 1 gave him a rug—one color one side and another the other, ‘That surprised him more than all. When I returned I had fortv.wavan canooa, bnt they want hank the oaxt day and the master with them, Dear parents, 1 have no moro to say abvut th» King. J remain your affeo- tionate son, FRANCIS JOHN POCOCK. THE SECOND LETTER, Uoanna, Lake Victox1a Niyanza, CeNTRAL AFRICA, * August 14, 1875, My Dear Paruxts—I dare say you think the time long since we left home. Twelve months yesterday we Jeft our native land. { wrote a letter two months ago, but Leannot say which will be bome firs, We bave crossed the great lake in canoes to escape a savage country. We arrived at the lake on February 27, 1875, and did’not leave until June 19, We then con- veyed some goods and nen to an island in the #e® uninhabited, whero I was loft in charge again until the remainder of the men came. We then worked from one islan* to another until we fell in with some Uganda canoes that was sent to find the white man during the time Mr Stanley wos surveying tho Inke, and he went to an island to buy food, They took the oars out of the boas an¢ told him to perish im the Niyanza. With our ca- noes and the Uganda we went there to fight, and killed aboat forty or more, and not one of us gota scratch, Wo returned to camp, on asmail island near it, with Joy. Our comrades had made ready with songs and thouts, The next day we went to the main land, where food was abundant, Bananas are the main food of the natives, They keep cattlo, but seldom kill one, be- cause they are their riches, They brought the white men milk, eggs, coffee, &c. As soon as we landed tho natives all ran away. THK KIND KING OF UGANDA, Tho King of Uganda isa fine man. Mr, 8, and Rob- ort, his boy, brought up in tho mission at Zanzibar, almost made him aChbrietian, Mr. & leaves me hore to-morrow to visit him—five days’ journey, 1 have lent Robert my Bible to read to him. My dear pa- rents, you would like to seo our camp, It is built’ like a street through the forest of banana trees, Thero is hardly anything else here but them and tobacco, which serves for grass, It Africa were all hke this I could live in it for years, Our food tor the white men comes from the King. Somo parts of the country grows sweet potatoes and other things which are very nice, Inever ate fruit in Eng- land go nice as bananas, Ext as many as you like, they never hurt ‘any one, All our men live on thom. I weigh nearly twelve stone; my health is good; I am strong and fat. If you were to seo me now you would say [was anegro, I have not had fever since April, and then very slight. 1 ean speak a little of the lingo, and I have better healtn than Mr. Stanley. There is not one man in the caravan but will do anything for me, through not beating them, and not playing with them, but keeping them in their piace. If a man steals I punish him accordingly—that is when | am in charge; but when the great master, as he ts called, 18 in camp, he docs as he likes. As soon as Mr, S, ro. turns from the King we shall travel across to the other lake—Albert Niyanza—eight day’s journoy; and if the steamers belonging to Colonel Gordon are not finished their work and taken to pieces we shall make good way on our journoy. 1 Jong to get to Ujiji to hear from you, and if the Almighty spares me to come home, I can tell you plenty I have seen—men of all colors, some savage, others more quiet. Tne people ot Uganda go on their knees to us, They bring food for nothing. Dear parents, you must tell all the people the news. INSTRUCTIONS TO HARRY REGARDING WEDDING CAKE. ‘Tell Harry and all that are not married, if they get spliced while I am away, to save mea piece of cake, and to find mea wife, Tell the people all round that. send my respects, I cannot write, as I have no more paper or envelopes. I hope to spend a better Christmas than last, for I never saw it rain so hard as it did on the eve, Wo lay in camp on Christmas Day, but that made uo difference. All duy we wore drying clothes, Plain rice—wo had no meat for six da; That was in the country of Ugogo. make somo wine, if possible, We about Christmas, 1876. My thoughts aro ever on you all, Brothers and sisters, remember me always as I do youall. Pray for ine that 1 may come home and reap the harvest of bard marches, lonely nights and hot days, savage tribes and hard beds. Dear parents, I thought of send.ng some money, but I find it will not pay, If you could find a friend to lend you a few pounds, my moncy shall pay it back. If I do not come, you will have the mouey that is duo to me. Georgo sent moa beautiful letter, You must teil him to give my respects to all frienda I remain your lov- ing and affectionate son, Don’t forget to pect to be home FRANCIS JOHN POCOCK, THIRD LETTER. Sxcomta, May 15, 1875. Dear Parexts—I told you I think it will be Decem- ber before we reach Ujiji, becwuso Colonel Gordon is going to lend as a steamer us for a8 sho is any use, and some men as far as Ujijl, The weather on the road was very changeable, which is the cause of so much iliness. You think it thunders very heavy in England, bat it is nothing to this, It shakes everything fearfully, and when it rains it is ao complete deluge, It is now the wet season. Botween the showers the sun is enough to burn the hair off your bead; but we don’t have to be out, Ihave had three months’ rest, with tho best of food; but it isnot liko the food m England. Rice is agreat luxury. There is plénty of meat—goats, sheep and bullocks— Dut it docs not do to eat too much meat. You can buy two sheep fora pleco of cloth six fect by three. Tho cloth is sheeting, Money is of no use—beads, cloth and sbells, For one strand of beads, which cost ono farthing at home, will get about one gallon of sweet po- tatoes. Bananas are not very plentiful hero, We get plenty of good fish. Tho natives of this part do noth- ing but jie and walk about all day, The women till the ground. Tho men woar strings of shells around their arms, and brass wire around their legs, and beaus around their waist na a goatskin slung across their shoulders. That isa fine dress; but most of them are quite naked, but none without a weapon of defence. They dance and sing, and get drunk on their beer, called pomby, This vil- lago belongs to tho Sultan of Zanzibar, and thero ia one man, a slave of his, called Songoria, During the time Mr. Stanley was away I had several presents, such as rice and sheep. I took food with him, which is a great honor to black man to feed with tho Mosonga, or white man. FRESM LINGO AVERY TWENTY MILES, T can’t get on with tho language much, Mr. Stanley can speak it as well as he can English ; but there isa fresh lingo about every twenty miles, which all our men can- not understand. The captain of our men can talk all ofthem. He is such a nice man; heis like a father When wo wero in a desert he went twelve miles among wild beasts for water for the white men, a turn I shall never forget. 1dreamed the other night that I was at homo eating fine things, but l awoke and found myself in Central Africa, Wo have been 4,975 feet above the sea, Weare now 1,308 That is the position of the Jako. It is splendid water here, which is very healthy. This ts an awful country to forget; you lose all under. standing. If yoa want to remember anything you must write it down. I am sure poor Ted’s death was not in my mind one hour, It is the way with everybody. Of course a thought crossed my mind very often, but not to think of it Tho Lord gave me strength to bear with it, There is #o many changes that you can’t th nk of everything. My dear parents, [ am not cortain of this letter reaching you from here, so that I will not writo to any one else until wo get to Uganda. If this should got home first, you must send it round to the family. If I write to one and not tho other, it wilt not bo Tight; but 1 will write again when there is better con- veyance, The letters that go from Uganda go down the Nile and through Egypt, so that I shall be sure of them going home. When you write send long letters, for only a fow words would como very acceptable. 1 have not seen or heard a white man since we loft the coast, That was on tho Ist of November. e my love to all, Kiss ali the children for me, 1 will write more next time, Tell Harry to save mo a pieve of cake. I have no more to say just now, so I must conclude with love to all, Iam your affectionate and loving son, FRANCIS JOHN POCOCK. FOURTH LETTER. ANGLO- AMERICAN EXPRDITION, Cuxtrat Arrica, April 18, 1876, My Dear Parents—My heart yearns to you and home, Itisnow ono year and five months since I hoard a single word from you. I received your letters the day we leit the Coast. Since then Mr. Stanley received some papers from Colonel Gordon at Gonaokoro, in Egypt, and that is all we know about our homes. God only knows what has happened, There is no one knows the Pococks here or Cookham Woods, 1 wrote a letter to you and Bill when we ar- rived in nda Mr, Stanley was gone to the Sultan, Three months I was left alone with the goods. Wewen in Uganda five months—a land flowing with milk ana honey. We then went to the Albert Niyanza through Unyoro, escorted by 2,000 Waganda sent by the Sultan. Wo thought of seoing some white men at the Albert Niyonwa; we reached there and saw the lake, but had to retreat in great haste, We marched for sixteen days from two o'clock in the morning until sunset—bungry and thirsty, weary, footsore; aud when we halted we had no bed, but lay on the ground, I became very sick trom fever, which I thought would have carried me off, Hut my Ume wos not come, On the road we passed a fine mountain crowned with snow, and many beaatifal streams feeding the Niyanza, ABAD PROPEL, I cannot say anything about the people, All I know, they are bad. They train large dogs to fight like tigers. We. left Uganda on January 1, 1876, and returned to Uganda on tho i7th, When we reached Uganda the Waganda lett us and we travelled on to Karagwe. We crossed the Kagera River, the the Nile, and drank of its waters When we reachtd Karagwe we tell in with some Arabs—a lucky hit. We discovered a lake here eighty miles by thirty. ‘There are also hot water springs near the tall of the Kagera River, the springs, six in num- ber, boiling, We loft Karagwo in Maren for the Wile derness of Nine Days. While we were at Karagwo I visited the King, to show him the boat. He asked me was we English? Isaid “Yea.” Hoe said, “Speke wag English, and he was a good man; 80 you must be good also.” Speke travelled here fifteen years ago; his name is all the rage in Uganda and Karagwo. We are now inthe country of Usamberon—good people and plenty of food, We have been nearly a month im Wil- derness, with but little food. An Arab has travelled with us to here; he leaves us here tor Unyemambe, and we go to Ujiji—about one month’s march, The Arab will briog our letters to the Coast, I hope when we reach Ujiji to find some letters and papers from heme, 1 am sometimes lonely. 1 have no one to talk to but black people, Although I can talk Swahili nearly as well as English, 1 can’t find any- thing in their company to amuse me. There is no com- fort in this part of the globe—hot suo and cold nightr Wo have crossed rivers and swamps, up to our waists in mud and water, for days and days. Then, when we reach camp, there 1s no kind sister to make your bed; but a nigger would throw down a lump of grass as you would toa pig. Then our food is like cattle food in England, It consists of dried beans and peas, and Matama corn, such as donkeys eat, What would I give now for an old crust such as you give to sailors or some pudding, properly cooked, But no one knows about that here. If you cannot oat, go wittout, IN GOOD HKALTH, But, thank God, I enjoy good health. Itis now three months since I had fever, lam strong and fat, In some places white men are thought cattle, 1n anothor they aro great. There are many tribes of fine men, dressed in embogu bark cloth, Many are naked; many are dressed in skins put about their shoolders., Many have long hair, others plait 1t in a thousand plaits, with beads sewn on; while the people of Uganda shave all off, and earry two spears and one abield, andthe peuple of Karagwe use vows and arrows, and the people of Usui use one spear with which they spear a man or an ox—tney don’t throw 1—while the people here use guns, main source of KISSES FOR THK LITTLE ONES. My dear parents, I have no doubt you think me lost; but no, 1 am stifi alive and hope to see you all, I can, not write to all, and you are at the head, so you must cuppa salaam ymugo—that is, give my love to ail the family. Kias the children and give them my blessing. Names are too numerous to mention. My dear parents, be comturted and fret not for me, for 1 have a good Providence over head, in which I put my whole tras, No oue knows of going to church here—every day isalike, The natives lay about all day and at night sit by a great fire, Some houses are grass, some are mud, with sticks. I often think, Are all well? Yes, they can’t get ill in such a country, There is plenty of food, pienty of doctors and medi- cine, Here there 1 nothing but wild ;eople, bag ood and an unhealthy country, hard marching through mud and water or hot sand, Aro ail wollin grain at Ashford? I remain your loving and affectionave fon, FRANCIS JOHN POCOCK, PROBABLE MURDER. At four o’clock yesterday morning James Branagan was lying asleep on his stoop in First street, between Monmouth and Brunswick streois, in Jersey City, when Thomas Drum passed, Druin asked what was the hour, and Bramagan did not roply. He then turned back and kicked Branagan in the head, Branagan jumped up and seized Drum by the throat, when Drum drew a knife and plunged it into the body of Branagan seven times, ‘Tho first wound was in tho upper part of the thorax, close to the neck. ho second was in the middic of the chest, over the region of tho hoart, but did not penctrate the chest, Another wound was over the region of the stomach, penetrating the stomach. The fourth was in the groin, onthe leit side. Tho fifth wae in the right side, midway between the bip and the border rib, pei ting the abdominal cavity, The sixth was on the centre of the outer side of the right thigh, and the seventh on the outer sido of the right arm, Alter Drum plunged the knifo into Branagan, ho tried to escape, and meeting Oificer Stuckey, said “Phere’s some trouble up there; you had botier see about it,” Siuckey grasped Drum and conironted him With the injured man, who identifled him as the man who stabbed him, Meanwhile Drum threw away the knife, which wus fouud to bo a dagger about six inches in leng Dr. MeLoughiin wax called to attend the injured man and pronounced his case to be very serious, A HkxaLD reporter saw tho @ dying man at nine o'clock last night. Whon asked who injured him, he replied, “I forgive all mankind; giv me adrink of water.’’ Ho becamo delirious ten o'clock, and Dr. McLoughlin refused to allow any per son to see him. At eicven o'clock tho unfortunate man was sinking fast, Drum declined to make any Statement, He is confined in tho First precinct sta- tion house, THE EXCISE LAW. PLAYING HIDE-AND-SEKK AT GILMORE'S GAR- DEN. Last evening it was expected that there would. be another raid of the police on the boer sollers at Gil moro’s Garden, but the whole affair tarned out to be a farco of the broadest character, The long bars on the Twenty-aixth street sido of the Hippodrome were open as usual, and the tidy, white-aproned waiters were as usual on duty, but upon the application of the thirsty ones for beer the universal reply was, “No beer; wo can give you lemonade, sarsaparilla or soda water, but no beer.” Tho disappointed imbibers, however, were surprised by the discovery that within the Garden, at the tables, in the boxes, everywhere, in fact, th visitors were supplied with toaming goblets some myster) source, Th ters s and supplied their patrons with customary al: Sergeant Kass stood at one end of tho dese bar, and his men were distributed through tho buil , bat as soon as they moved in the direction of the beet servers tho Jountaips seemed suddenly to cease to flow, bat simultaneously there was a mysterious omp- tion of beer in another direction and the baffled ofiicers could not discover the hidden source whence the for. bidden liquid was supplied. No arresta were roads and (he game of hide and scek was played, the visit enjoying a performance not down on the bills, OFFICER BROCK’S FUNERAL, The funeral of John Stanley Brock, the Newark policeman who was murdered by burglars in that eity last Thursday week, took pince yesterday afternoon from St. Panl’s church, Newark. There woro presont nearly the entire police foree, with Alderman Staimsby, Acting Mayor, and the Police Commitieo of Ce: Dr. Brice read a prayer, Xe, at the grave. OMeer John McLaughlin was overcome by the heat aed hadte | be removed to his home, ‘The inquest in Brock’s case will be resumod to-day, Tho prisoners Oschvalt and Ryan stoutly declare there innoe and express contidence that they will be able to prove an alibi, ARRIVAL OF PROFESSOR WARD. Among tho passengers arrived yesterday per steamer City of Chester was Professor Ward, the well knowa: naturalist, This gentleman made an extensive tour of Europe as representative of Mr. A.C. Coup, proprictor of the great aquarium now in process of builaing, cor- nor of Brordway and Thirty-fifth strect, and made a thorough inspection of the famous aquariums on the other side, Many valuabl tions for the bom and a great deal of intot highly serviccable im the jon gleaned which @ill be W enterprise, A WOMAN'S PERIL On Saturday might Mrs. Freenll, of East Newark, wa on her way home froin the market in Nework, While crossing the Bridge street bridge sho fell over and strack the rocks below, a distance of twenty foot, Sho was very badly bat not fatally tpjnred, ‘The aceile is Baid 10 be due to the bridgekeepor, who had clone the cates while the drawbridge was open,