The New York Herald Newspaper, May 11, 1876, Page 6

Philadeiphia, mm the year 187. To put into eflect the several laws relating to the Exbibition, the United States Centennial Commission was constituted, com- posed ot two Commissioners from each State and ferritory, nominated by their respective Goyernors Aud appointed by the President, The Congress aiso created our auxilliary and associate corporation, tne Contennial Board of Finance, whose Uuexpectedly heavy burdens have been nob born, A remarkable and prolonged = turbauee of the Gnances and industries of the country hag greatly magnified the tusk; but we hope fora favorable judgment of the degree of success at- tained, July 4, 187%, this grouud was cated 10 iis present uses, Twenty-one months ago this i morial | Hail was begun. Al! the other 180 buildings within tho | josure have been erected within twelve months. All | the buildings embraced in the plans of ihe commission | itsell are finished, The demands of applic ceeded the space, and strenuous and cont have been made to get every exhibit ready 1 time, By general cousent the Exhibition is appropriately | held in the Cuy of Brotherly Lov Yonder, atmost ‘within your view, stands the Venerated edifice wherein Occurred the event this work is designed to commem- orate, and the hail in which the first Continental Con- gress assembled. Within the present limits of this great park wore the homes of eminent patriots of thas era, where Washington and bis associates received gen- | erous hospitality aud able counsel. You have observed | the surpassing beauty of the situation placed at our disposal. In harmony with all this Gtness ts the liberal support given the enterprise by the State, the city, and the people individually. In the name of the Unitea States you extended a t{ul and cordial invitation to the governments of other nations to be represented and to participate in this Exhibition, You kuow the very acceptable torms in which they responded, from even the most distant regions. Their Commissioners are here, and you will ee with what energy and brilliabgy they have upon this friendly competition in the arts of | . 1t bas been the fervent hope of thé’ commission that, during this festival year, people from ail States and sections, of all creeds and chu A all parties and classes, burying all resentments, would come up together to this birthplace of our | liberties, to study the evidence of cur resources; to measure the progress of an hundred years; and to examine to our profit the wonderful products of other | lands; but expecially to join hands in periect fraternity | wud promise the God of our fathers that the new tury shail surpass the old in the true glories of civi tion. And, furthermore, that from the association hore of welcome visitors from all nations, there may | result not alone grbat Yenctits to invention, manu- factures, agriculture, trade and commerce, but also | ronger international triendships aud more lasting peace. ‘Thus reporting to you, Mr. President, under the laws of the government and the usage of similar occasions, fm the name of the United States Centennial Cominis- sion, I present to your view the Internauonal Exhibi- tion of 1376, | THE PRESIDENT’S ADDRESS. When the President arose, holding in his hands the | eopy ofhis address, the enthusiasm which bad greeted his first appearance was renewed, It was a minute or $wo before he could speak, and when he ald it was ina slear, low voice which could not be heard twenty feet away. He said:— My Couxteyamx—It has been thonght appropriate’ Bpon tits Centennial occasion, to bring together in Phitaaelpt ath tor popular inspection, specimens of our aments in the industrial and’ fine arts, and in nd philosophy, as well as in the iture and of commerce. i thoroughly appreciate the ex- 8 of our achievements and also pression to Our earnest desire to amily of nations the enlightened agricultural, real and manufacturing pedple of the world been ifvited to send hither corresponding speci- skill to exhibit on equal terms in iriendiy ith oar own, To this invitation they enerously responded; for so doing we render por hearty thanks, The beauty and utility of the contributions will this day be submitted to your inspection by tue Managers o/ this Exlibiuow, We are glad to know that a view of specimens of the skill of all nations will afford to ‘04 wnhatloved pleasure as well as yield to you a valua- # practical knowledge of so many of the remarkable ro ults of the Wondertul skill eaisting ia enlightened communities One hundret years ago our country was new and but partially settied. Our necessities Bave compolied te obielly expend our means aud time in felling tor ®ubduing prairies, buliding dwe 4 docks, warehouses, roads, canals, : MT &e ‘Most of our seudols, churches, libraries aed asylums have been established within an huo- dred years. Burdened vy these great primal Works of necessity, which could not be délayed, wo Yet have dowe whal this Exhibition will show in the ng older and more advanced na- ne and theology; in great 1 . Medic a t ‘ure, philosophy andthe fine arts, Whilst proud of what we bave & we rogret that we have not done | morte, Our achievements bave been great euough, | however, to meke tt rasy for our people to acknowi- edge superior merit wherever found. And now, fellow ciizens, | hope acareful examina- what is about @ exhibited to you will not ouly inspire You with a profound respect for the ekill Shc taste of Our friends from other gations, but also saviely you with the nmeuts made by’ our own peopie during wundred years, I invoke with the worthy Commi ridiat success to this Luter- find to make the stay of our for- jom we extend a hearty welcome-- and pleasant to them. erbational Exhibition now open. As be sat down the orchestra sung a choras of re- Jo.wing. TUR PROC NIN THR MAN MALL. Before the last words of the President's speech were * an eed the foreign legations, the members of the Senate and of the House filed out in jong procession through #n avenue that bad beon made for them by woy of Memorial Hall, The chief master ofceremonics took bis position and announced the names of the dis- tinguished guests as they came. First was the Presie dent, the Empress of Brazil leaning upon his arm. ‘Then came His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil accom- Pouying Mra Grant, the President's wife, immediately behind His Majesty were the members of the Cabinet, Beeretary Fish lending and Secretary Robeson bring- tng up the rear, Each was escorting some lady mem- ber of the suite. The foreign Ambassadors had gone ahead and taken their places opposite the sections of the o as to meet the imperial- republican cortége when tt arrived, After the Cabinet came General § an, accompanied by bis brother; the Governors of the Statos, with their staffs, marche tug bwe by }wo, Until they entered the side portal of Vee main baflding. Here the organ burst forth into a welcome as the procession entered, the President * of the Philaaelphia orgenseation which bas existed tinee the time of the Revolution. It was noted that whip ut t * wonders had boen accomplished in the preparation of the dim boing escorted by a guard of hon City Troop, a militar twenty te partments, Even poor Turkey, which was utterly and deserted, with none of ber articles on exnibition, had gone to the trouble of suspending a vast Turkey Carpet to bide the nakedness of her poor dis: fromt of whieh the Terkieh Minister and ewalted the President's coming. Doreetor General | Goshors accompanied the President apd paused | trom time to time to iptroduce bim to the foreign Commissioners To some there was @ Mimple nod or two of courtesy ora bow; to others a | longer intere!s { grectings When His & ney | came to the of Braet, howe the pease, The Presiden i the Kmporor aud thee ladies | Catered Within and spent s few minutes Hie Majenty | took an especial plea n showing the President and Mra Great the features of his cogpiry’s exhibiu—ihe towers mate from feathers, the rich, quaint woods the cunning maaner th Which these woods bed Leon en reve ne om COMB LEY 10 COMRLTY The cortege passed, the Presiaent \eiag Weated With the greatest reapect by Qe exhibitors amd atiendas’ peveesmion becom WE More wi more scatlered Whee the Senators and FepTercRial vos oMd U6 Governors ot the States paused MEL, Fecogbiring thet friends among the ex- bove dwt re the Frew @ects cortege bad mado ball Ibe round of © be lang aff order was lost, - 4 heme spy 8 mtn moh tome Ss © O8F areetion, some i another, ant Hh war oct Geek © that the tem pore of the Cannes Minwtere were sorcigy tired Wes they found inemerives amit groups of peitcemen and guar ng about wm the crowd Pinally the Presiden, Vey Of bee Duidng which ander proper tansge te vt a » strcking end ime teresting ceromon to contusce and dworier my GUAT, With ihe wou Gerte! eovorm, # og about him, vet « Pe, ae eridan Jiag across the gress persed by a0 angry poucemaa, rat some one Whe knew bim exiresies wim | sew Conkling and Frelinghoyern |caed in by surroundwg bayonets uu Ui rescued by a miliary oticer who beppeved lo know Weir place and importavee ia the ceremony. Th erowd Was most wore fable, aod there wee & good desl of pushing snd siraggiing. Now aud wb effort to keep order was tae, whiew made mations Worse, Bub \t was a good-natured, pavent crowd, end 1 cannct record 4 wingie angry word oF expres. on oa the part of of the tens of thousands who sure stow procession, AN INCIDENT OF THE FROCKEHO®. ‘The Prevident was wmierrupted ive some time by a tendency on the part 0: the Rmperor to recognize old triends, to stop aud discuss Wild them tbe points of various exhibits and to imquie taiv the meaning of to bin, aod General Hawiey, who bad the escort in command, was sore mes to Keep the procession ta oue the aod to proveut the crowd of foreign Commussioucrs | absence of cheering Ly the crows tudeed, had it not | of Bessemer sicel, im the Britis secon, show elabo- | tightly wedged in the rpace betweew Memorial Hall and acer | it toward Machinery Hall, | oftics: | irom moving too quickly. Falling to make him- | self perfectly underswod in bis Freach, which was of @ Connceticut seeent, be called upon the Secretary of State to inform the gentlemen that their ploce was not in precedence of the Emperor but fm tho rear, But for uhis familiar, eager dinposition om the part of His Majesty, the procession might have made the tour in much less time, There was seme dificulty im Speakers Kerr and Cox keeping the posts of honor whieh bad been assigned to them im the rear of the Cabinet, bat the whole was good metered and really detracted nothing from the ceremonies TER PROCESSION TO MACHINERY MALL. Ashort time after the arrival of the Previtential party on the exhibition grounds the troops that were to form the grand reception corps beg arscuble in | the promenade between the endof the main building and the great Machivery Hall, As the seversl reg ments and detachments marched up the muddy avenues they were assigned places along the line of toe | Proposed procession from the main butiding, and every effort was made to secure ample reom for the move ment of tho President and party, with the long colume | of invited guests, exhibitors and Centennial oMcials, who were to join in the opening exercises at Machinery Hall, THR APPRARANCE OF THE MILITARY after their disagreeable tramp through the mad war avything but picturesque, but the rough marelin erally served to distinguish the well disciplined regu | lars from the half trained militia, and although the marines were muddy they presented a very maguiti- | cent appearance as soldiers, The crow of the ‘Con- gress” also looked well, but somewhat out of their element, trudging through the semi-liquid mud that | overlay every spot on the road where the water — had lodged. Jack's white cap was set on bis head with unusual jauntiness, probably on account of the | fact that he was observed by thousands of eyes whose fair owners took a jal interest in the gallant tars, | The New Jersey and Pennsylvania Militia looked woefully draggled and jaded, and were it not for the inspiring strains of the several bands or the stirring rattle of the drums, they would bave failed in some instances to preserve their formation, The colored | troops marcued nobly, that is, they stamped onward te the sound of the fife and drum as if the roadway was | the best in the world, Two lines of troops were formed, one extending | along the end of the main building and the other from Tho object of this ar- rangement was to exclude the dense crowds of people | who were attracted by the music toward this point | from all the avenues over which the Presidential pro- cession Was to pass, and this caused no little confusion | and trouble. The crowds insisted on pushing their way notwithstanding the urgent and often very forcible appeals of the military guardians of the way | to keep back, and this contributed not a litue to sour the temper of the great mass of people that lined the avenues, and unfit them to give other than tokens of silent respect for the illustrious personages that later on moved by them. The day having turned out extremely warm, um- brellas were generally called into requisition, and these, of course, obstructed the view of the multitude Standing behind. Loud shouts of ‘Pull down that um- brella!? were heard on every side, anda tumult at one time nearly arose bocause an obstinate Jerseyman stoutly refused to lower his gingham at the fequest of those who could not see through it, Aa the time approached for the final act of the great ceremony—the starting of the machinery—great ex- pectations were manifested by a decidedly uneasy mul- titude of vast proportions. Every point of vantage was taken, and even the branches.of the Centenniay trees had their loads of American’ youth, who kept up @ continuous yelling of “Here they come!” This made the terrestial waiters angry, because they felt envious of the elevated urchins, and did not relish the insulting ‘sell’? that was perpetrated at their expense every five minutes, Like the cry of “Wolf,” too often repeated, the crowd would not be- lieve it when 1t was regularly announced that the Pres- {demt was coming, and the body of invited guests who preceded him had atready reached nearly half way be- tween the buildings when the waiting throng began to realize that somebody was coming at last. THE INEVITABLE YELLOW DoG. The irrepressibe cur, and we might add the indispen- sable canine, that turns up on every occasign whan a space 1s specially desired made his appearanc® exactly on time; for when the people began to grow very im- patient the beast suddenly charged down the avenue between the double line of soldiers and was received with loud cheers. Back he came again, answering the hooting and shouting of the crowd with aseries of ki-yr’s, pitched in a dolorous key. Somehow he escaped before the order of ‘‘Attention” brought steadiness to the military line and was seen no more. Precisely at a quarter past twelve P.M. the loud command of the officer in charge of the militaty pro- claimed that TUR PRESIDENT WAS COMING, Then cvery one endeavored to elevate himself as much as possible in order to see the procession, and there. | was much stretching ofnecks and standing on tip-toe which, however, soon fatigued tho eager sight-seers ‘nto @ kind of sullen indifference. The chime of bells on Machinery Mall tower began to | ring joyous peals, and tho distant booming of cannon announced that the great Exhibition was open at last, after 60 many months of labor on its gigantic frame. The national airs sounded harshly on the ear as they came from the badly tuned chime of belis; but the occasion seemed to overwhelm any unfavorable criticism. Thus we had the “Star Spangled Banner,” “Hail Columbia,” “Yankee Doodio,” “Rally Round the Flag” and a number of otfer familiar tunes, which were received with loud applause. During «his performance the procession of invited guests marchod from building to building, pre- coding tho President, as was proper, and making a | very pleasant picture and fuliy illuatrating the har- | mony of ail nations with the United States. As they | passed the crowd indulged ina general criticism of each group, but without being im the least degree of- fenst It was a good natured, one sided piece of { chatting, which partly restored the good humor that had been exhausted during the long wait for the pro- cession, ASPECTS OF THE CROWD, In that smiling columm of ladies and gentlemen might be noticed representatives of every civilized country on the globe, Distinguished statesmen, emi- nent lawyers, great manaiacturers, civil and military * beth of our own country and of European na- tons, The well known faces of Washington celebrities might be seen with the swarthy visages of old Spain aod the American Republics. On the column pressed to the gremd eatrance of the Machinery Hall, the bands playing a stirring march and innumera- vie Sages waving a welcome in the breeze to tho strangers who came to Philadelphia to celebrate ie birthday of the nation. The ne Was exceedingly impressive, furnishing, as it did, example of what American gonius and industry has wrought out of the wilderness in a little over one han- red years, But the most important characters wero now shout to present themselyes, An extra large wave of confusion, growing out of a desire to sec things, swept over the densely packed mass of people wear the Exbibition gate, and tn another moment the tamiber form of the short and stout mau, witn tho strong face and modest bearing, whom the Ameri. | ean people recognize as their President, made | his appearagce escorting Her Imperial Majesty the | Empress of Brazil, Followmg the President came | Dem Pedro escorting Mrs. Grant. The Presidential end luxperial party were surrouaded by the troops of the Cuy Guard as au escort of hour, and the latter eided wery iweb by their handsome bat peculiar uni- form te tue general effect of the picture. The helmet | of the Cty Guard is somewhat similar to that worn by (we Roman cavairy, bus it is modified to suit the mod- | ern ary costume, and is surmounted by an im- black peume, arranged w form a continuous | ormament overhanging the front and tho bare. We are accustomed to see the rov- | elevonary troopers of Washington pictured in | these belmets, and when the President made his exit from the balling, as described, it looked as if the spirits of the dead at Trenton, Valley Forge and the other Gerés of a century @o, bad come to surround and protect Lito as the represeutative son of such a glorious ancestry. The President, as usual, looked worried at beng gazed ou by so many thousand pairs of bat Was relieved by being of meces- to attend to bis ilustrious com. panion, the Empross of Brazil. Dom Pedro, ou the otber bund, had @ simile and bow tor every one who greeted him, and Was entirely self-possessed during tho | promenade to the Machivery Hall. A marked featare | Of the Previdenticl procession was the almost total | mene been for the music and the flags and the bright sun shining on a brilliant assembiage, the precession might have deem mistaken for a funeral, TOR SCENES IX AND ABOUT MACHINERY HALL. ‘The scene from the belfry of Machinery Hall was cx- tremely beaatiul. At stx o'clock im the morning Mr. Fredortek Widdows, the chime professor at the Metro- poltes charek, Washingsoa, rang in the Centennial. He bas a chime of thirteen bella, the largest weigning 30) =6peunts «=oand =the = smallest 160, He commenced with the “Star Spangled Ban- ner,” them rang salutes by striking all belle at once, and followed the national anthems of the varie@s etieus of the earth, From about nine o'clock the steady marching aud massing of soldiery, the mune of bands in the distance and directly at hand reminded one of the grand reviews of war time, The momeuse erowd inf jostling theusemds moving im every direction, the pretereeque surrounding scenery, magnificent berltings, of lent am enchantment to tue woone = thats battles = eseription, The = = hills and bousetops eatude the enclosure were Glled with thousands of carious peope, who seemed deeply inter- ested im the Movements of the soldvery and citizens. Whue the opening ceremonies were progressing the mint Were marched wp into position to form two lines for the purpose of keeping the crowd back. They Stacked arms et half past eleven and watted, preserving en opea space trom the maia building to Machinery Mal There was a good deal of confusion at times Re- fractory loafers combined im places to raise trouble by Oghiing the militia, but the members of the Jatter on guard collared them as fast as they could reach them. | It ea singular feck that in these little contests the | soldier was always the better man; for, notwith- standing all the opposition of the refractory people, they w at once taken of, without imjary to their bodies The crowd was 00 feet deep behind the guard, and the waltiag for two bours m the sun wa: nota pleasant matter, At twelve o'clock there was a signal, as previously @nderstood, vo unfurl the tags of Machinery Halland the government building, They ail flow to the breeze at once, showing the ensigns of | all pations It was fortunate, too, that just then there was a sil? breeze, giving full veut to the effort at display of bunting, About one o'clock the President and party moved from the main building to Machinery Hall. The erowd had been kept | out of the latter buildi Ail after the procession filed in, There were probably a thousand people wait- ing around the Corliss engine, to witness the core- mony of the starting of steam by the President This is the largest in the place. Itts a manufacturing en- gine of 1,400 horse power—an immense thing—capa- bie of running up to 2,500 horse power and doing the work of the largest world, The other ten engines im the place bring the steam capacity of the engines ip Machinery Hall up to about 5,000 horse power, At a quarter past one the cavaleade passed in. Presi- dent Grant was stopped at the British section and pre- sented with a magnificently bound aud tilustrated cata- logue and description of the articles on exhibition from Great Britam and Ireland, On the fy leaf was in- seribed :—“To General Ulysses 8. Graut, President of | the United States of America, with the compliments of His Grace the Duke of Richmond and Gordon, K. G., Lord President of Her Majesty's Privy Council, St George's Hall, Fairmount Park, 10th of May, 1876.” The Presiaent handed it to a member of the City Trodp, who carried it along till it was finally delivered to,some member of the Prosident’s party. THE PRESIDENT AND EMPEROR STadT TUR ENGINE. The first to mount the engine's platform was Governor Libbey of Rhode Island, with his mumerous staff, Then followed Governor Bedle, of New Jersey, and stai!; Governor Hartranft, of Pennsylvania, and staff and Governor Rice, of Massachusetts, and staff; Mayor Wickham, of New York; George W. Childs, of Philadelphia; Erastus Brooks, Postmaster Farman, Congressman Charles = M. == Adams, of New York and a number of other citizens, Soon tho President arrived, escorting Her Majesty the Empress of Brazil, followed by the Emperor Dom Pedro escort. | ing Mra Grant. Then {ollowed General Hawley, ‘the President of the Centennial Commission; Mr, Goshorn, Director General; Mr. Welsh and others of the Com: mission. Then came Chief Justice Waite, Secretary Fish, Mrs. Fish, the Spanish Minister and wife, The crowd had grown ‘as large and dense as possible within the immense hail, 1,402 feet long and 860 feet wide, when the. order “Down in front,” cleared the steps to the handles of the engine, and revealed on the platform President Grant, with bis hand on one and the Brazilian Empe_ ror holding the other, Mr, Corliss instructed them both how to manage the handles. Dom Pedro was told to start bis first, This be did, and waited as if it was @ mere matter of form, with n0 consequences, The President then tarned his Side and in a second the steam began to ooze and hiss, Then came tho movement of the j awful thing itself, an automatic and regular climbing up and down of many tons of iron and steel to accom- plish a mechanical purpose. By this time the ladies had been seated (some very few ladics, by the way— say @ dozen—but the most respected in the United States); and the President and Dom Pedro stood there, hardly knowing what to do or say. The revolutions of the tmmense machine caused « vibration of the immediate vicinity; and while the crowd cheered and became so enthusi- astic that handkerchiefs waved and strong men were moved to TEARS OF JOY, although they had stood two hours waiting. But your correspondent happened to stand alongside the very few that hardly dared look up Ww see what was going on, All was confidence except upon the engine stand, where the distinguished guests were. There was a tremor among the ladies and the President and Dom P@iro were even disturbed as to what was going on in the movements of the machine that they had started, None of them were, however, curious enough to look up where the noise was until a lady of the party, with the positive curiosity of her sex, boldly took a survey of the field, and then the whole party satisiied themselves that it was only a big engine going through its usual revolutions, The crowd still cheer- ing and making the hall resound with various exclama- tions, was followed by the tinkling of a thousand bells and the eclinking and thudding and hammermg of thirteen acres of yast machinery, that created an excitement only kept down in the distinguished party by the pleasant faces of the multitude, Soon confidence was restored where there was a disposition to be frightened, and the hall and the big engine and the little engines, and ali tne clat- tering of shuttles and p'umpings of {rightfully strong machinery, were soon forgotten in the examimation of the grand or beatiful things they produced. At twenty-five minutes aiter two the President, hay- ing completed the formal duties attendant upon the opening, entered his carriage near Machinery Hall and was driven to his apartments in the city. WONDER WORK, Thore Is something wonderful about the completion of this machinery 1m the tune, and the fact that st is so near ready now. For instance ‘—One year and twenty- six days ago the 1mmense Corliss engine was iron ore at thé bottom of some mine tn Pennsylvania, Now tt is. perfect and in position, tested and found fully compe- tent to perform its task, Last night the Prussian eec- tion was a mass of straw and boxes. This moruing, much to the surprise aud deligut of the Prussians, Captain Albert, the very energetic and eili- cient chief of the building, had unpacked the stuf, cleaned up the debris and placed the articles ready {for their owners to pat them 1 position, The German and French goods have only arrived within ten days, The Russian and Austrian goods are yet toarrive. The Russians sent theirs by & steamer that broke her propelier on the way, Of the fourteen acres of space the machinery build- ing covers, the exhibitors ave vceupied thirteen All the space is aliotted, There are RIGHT THOCSAND MACHINES IN POSITION, The American exh. bitors oi machinery take up seventy- five per cent of the space alloted. Great Britain is neXt in importance in this line aad is so much less im. portant than the English expected that the British representatives bere apologize for their display of ma- chinery and acknowledge that the Yankees can beat them on machinery, The Seth Thomas Clock Company bave an immense clock there, with twenty-six electric = dial. © «Two of these are 5 feet and twenty-four 3 feet in diam- ever, The strong machine at the top and front of the bajtdiog runs the Whole of these diais by connection through jectric wire, but the hands of the main dial in the froat are propelled by the machine iteeit The pyramid of speigel eigen and the immense sheets, the | ot of Memorial Hall, the | manniacturing engine in the | The ship sections are led by John Roach, of New York H and Chester, whose vessels and compound engines are marvels of skill in the models. Beautiful models of ships also come from England, Mr. Roach says he hasa { contract to build a steamboat to ply on Long Island | Sound, that will cost @ million doliars, and will be the | finest ever built, Mr. Hoe has very recently filled his | printing press section, The New York Steam Bafety Power Company is delayed tn filling up its place, | Lockwood & Co., of Philadelphia, grind out envelopes | by the thousand, by @ mysterious and surprising | patented method, The Belgian mining machinery ts @t once powerful and efficient, It works at | boring in rock and sand like the sinking of a twelve. foot artesian well, Fire engines and almost everything | you can think of are there in great profusion and seem- ing perfection, THM EMPRESS IN THE WOMEN'R PAVILION. Alter the inspection of the main Exhibition building, and shortly before two o'clock, Mrs. Gillespie, a de- | scendant of Benjamin Franklin, the President of the Women’s Committee, sent a carriage to the main } Duilding to -convey the Empress of Brazil ed the Women’s Pavilion, where Her Majesty | was to set the machinery of that cdilce in motion, Her Majesty, however, ignored tno car- riage, and, with Dom Pedro ahd her suite, democrat- | ically walked tho distance. In their company, besides the Emperor’s suite, were Professor Archer, of the | British Commission; the wife of the Brazihan | Minister, Mr. Carvalho Borjos, Count Daci, of | Italy, and pumbers of friends. An immense concourse of people immediately filed into the building to witness the ceremonies. The Empress on her arrival atthe Pavilion proceeded to the President’s room, and, aftera short rest, went at once to the | Brazitian Department, which she inspected with much | interest, The department for the Cincinnati carved woodwork also much gratified her. Tne Empress was much pleased to discover, in the artistic carving which ornamented an organ, the work | of a lady friend of Her Majesty now in Sheffield, | England. At the Machinery Department, where the ceremonies were to take place, a gold cora and tassel were placed in che Empress’ hands. | She touched them gracelully, the engine started, and the machinery was put in motion. Her Majesty then returned with her party and Mrs, Gillespie to the ex- ecutive room, and after a short timo in pleasant con- versation departed. THR BANNER OF BROAD CASTILE. During the interval that always precedes the most momentous part of a great festival there is a lull, and this lull is generally taken advantage of by a vast crowd to create irreverent merriment, Not all the glories of | Bunker Hill, the bloody memories of the footprints at Valley Forge, nor the tact that one hundred years was | Just lapsing which had made the nation, could keep the | testa! masses of people who were jammed between the | main Exposition Building and Machinery Hall from hav- | ‘ug their rough horse play., Long lines of gray coated and shad-bellied Pennsylvania reserves and militia men were stretched over four or five acres of ground, of grass plots, tulip and hyacinth bods, and the hot sun glinted on their bayonet gops fiercely, The marines from the Congress, with their white leggings and flat white Carlist caps, made abandsome show. The troops wore massed in the form of a “V"" over these grounds, and, while all eyes looked at the slender mast on top of the Exposition Building to see the national standard unbunched joon as Grant would come forth, there was a wild cheer from the grassy knoll on which the writer stood. “What has happened? What’s the matter? Are they coming? Is the Emperor with Grant?” wero the eager exclamations of the short statured people who stood behind their taller compatriots thickly wedged in front. ft ten’t no Emperor, uor no Grant,’’ said a tall, bionde featured man, wiio was spokesman for a small group on the knoll. “Then what the deuco 1s !t?”’asked another, “Why, don’t you see it’s a man foil from a tree,” !yanswered the blonde. Then there was a laugh and an- | other cheer as the Spaniards in two files came in sight, | their handsume uniforms and splendid physique creat- | ing the most heartfelt enthusiasin, “By gravy !’? said an old American officer, who wore | the cocked hat of a general officer, “those fellows are superb! I don’t care if they are Spaniards, Just look at the easy swing of their bodies, and every man of a | size, They feel just as proud as a young girl that’s go- dng to be married.” And Spain might wolfbe proud of her men who filed by with their dark blue cloth uniforms and crimson trimmings; their peaked helmets resembling nail Kegs vertically cat asunder. They trod the asphalt causeways with such an airas they might have dis- played at San Quentin or under Pizarro, Many ladies on the ground were warm in their praise of the S pan- tards, who aro all young as well as handsome. THR CRAPTY RXHIDITORS, Is seems to be the rule that among all these thou- sands of people who come to this Exhibition there | shail always be present the inventor of a hoo handle, a | patent pillor a terribly explosive freeracker. These very assiduous, industrious and indetatigabie geatie- | men would notshine tp a social evening om Murray Hil, Their clothing would forbid it, thetr manners would condemn them and their atterances would cer- tainly make suspects of them. But they have the dar- ing of Darien, the wondrous and unforiunate colonist, | end the cheek of Chicut, the King’s Jester. “Do you know Knowles’ pump?” asked an old farmer-looking man of the writer, who had asked of the datter ffy questions, and who in bis turn had mot answered one, “No, I never heard of the pump,” was the answer. “Wall,” replied the farmer-looking maa, “I’m from Warren, Mass. You know where it is? It's between Springfield and Wooster. Wall we akind a hollow on Knowles’ pump, and ‘spose there'll be a million or mere «@ peopio from Europe at this yere big thing Wall now what are them emperors and kings going todo when they see Knowles’ pump? 1 guess they are going to take It home, ain't they? I'm. going to live right on the ground and take a look at them emperors when they Just git a Gratsight of that pump. But the biggest thing is Crystal’s chisels, What, you never saw a one on them { chisels! Wait til Jim Peedro sees one of them chiseis, Why, good heavens, he’il have 'em everywhore in his Empire. | bave a eon here,,and I'm going to live with bim. Might as well save a dollar. , Because, young man, if you don’t save a dollar, how you going to get your turaips inf When the old farmer beard the sound and the loud echoes of “Riego’s Hymn” he did not ecem at aly affected, but simply asked what ‘‘all the durued clatter ‘Was abeout BILLETED ON PHILDELPELA Way farers going to Philadelphia, the city of the'Cen- tennial, on all the railroads will find agents of the railroad compantes who have assuciated themselves in this matier, and bave hired all the vacant houses in the widely distributed city to rent them to strangers, giving them board and lodging. For supper, breakfast, bed—“go away in the morning,” as it ts called—they charge $2 50, and produce a ticket from a large bag which they carry with the uame of the family to which the billet is to go apd the residence of the family. In some cases the tamtles, whe on ihe even- ing of the 9th of May received bilicis, wore astonished at boing called Gpon late, as the trains were over ther time; but their unknown gucsts were received wigh the greatest of courtesy by the ladies im the boases who had received ministers during the Moody and Sankey revival in Philadelphia, In other cases beds and sup pers were wanting, yet the exception does net prove a rule, and ovel idea and may work well, as the | Faslroad companies have cagaged the houses of many Philadelphia families fromm May to September, The coupons which the traveller sad siahtacer presents at his or her waknown host's bouse are kept careiuily, and are presented to the railway companies as they may direct them to be presented. Chestnut and Market streets were wild on Tuesday aight with guests whe held ther coupons aud were seeking the houses to billet (hemecives at the earliest opportunity, but could not do i readily, as they were unable to make good dist. netion vo (bew | own mings between a New York “biock” and a Phila deiphia square. CASUALTIES OF TI bat, Tt was not to be expected that the day would pass of ‘without accidents of greater or less extent The ex- perience of ali similar immense gatherings of heman Deings is to the contrary. None of a serious character occurred, however, and, in Jact, the occasion may be claimed as & remarkable exemption in this respect. Dering tho terrible crash about the platiorm, where a donee mass of human beings were KEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, MAY 11, 1876.—QUADRUPLE SHEET, rate taste and great perfection of art in meehanies | the mam bullding, wide as is the distance separatiny © them, there was at one time an approach to a panic on account of the suffocation ana pressure. Nambers of ‘Women, ang even men, fainted and were carried outof the crowd with difficulty, Others emerged after a desper- ate struggle, panting, pale and exhausted. Fortunately however, 0 one was seriously injured, which, under the circumstances, seems little jess than providential. Those who fainted were generally cared for by their friends, but during the day other cases occurred in dif- ferent parts of the ground which were of a sufficiently serious character to call for their removal to the hos- Pital of the BUREAU OF MEDICINE, ‘This institution is admirable mm purpose and prom- tsea to be effective in execution, It is supported by the Centennial Commission, is estabhished asa modical headquarters, and for the purpose of affording tempo- ry treatment (for which no fee is taken) to all visitors and exhibitors who may weet with accident or be taken sick on the grounds. It is siuated back of Machinery Hall, across the ravine, and though unpretentious in Appearance, 1s quite well provided for all ordinary emer- gencies, It received yesterday its Grst patients from among the public. None of these, however, were se- rious cases, A boy tripped over the absurd wire fence, which is @ regular trap tw throw the unwary, just high enough to accomplish one’s downlall, and vf noearthly use asa barrier, This lad had his arm badly fractured. a lady also fella victim to the same absurdity, near the same place, in front of Judges’ Hall, and was severely Incerated about the head and face. An employé had his hand crushed while engaged in assisting im the starting of the ma chinery. A gentleman was brought to the houso who had fainted from exhaustion and seemed to bo seriously affected. An exbibitor was also brought in suffering from faintness and exhaustion, which led to a congestive chill, This first instalment of unfortunates were cared for by Dr. Ward, and none of them are ina dangerous condition, ‘THE WORLD'S DISPLAY OF ART. Last night one might have supposed that the art col- lections would be @ place of quiet and refuge from tbe crowds that would naturally throng the more showy collections of the Main Building and Machinery Hall But the expectations of the lovers of art were destined to disappointment, Ata quarter past tweive o'clock the gun gave the signal that the formal exereises of in- auguration were over. The fing was unfuried over the Main Building, a dozen steam whistles screeched in unison, bells chimed, men cheered, small boys whistied, and the guards «at the doors of the several buildings perceived that their Cerberus’ duty of keeping out visitors was at an end. Bat, unfortunately for the Memorial Hall in particular, it had been made a sort of thoroughfare for half an hour previously by those who took their own way of abridging the ceremonies, So, when the signal for dis- persing was given, the great throng followed its leaders, and, instead of descending the steps of the platform outside, pushed through Memorial Hall, raising a power of dust that threatened at one time even to obscure the pictures themselves, But, despite this grave draw- back, the sight was an impressive one, It was tho first time that one hada fair opportunity of realizing the magnitude and variety of this part of the great Ex- hibition, The entrance view is discouraging enough. At first &@ vestibule, bare of all contents save a wretched bust of Washington, an Indian statue, # crude of chandelier of gily and orystal, the contrast of which with the pure white of the plastering grates upon every msthetic sense. Nor is the great rotunda mach more attractive One can only admire the softness of the light that pours down in @ generous flood from the lofty giass roof and the delicate mouldings and caryatids around its base, andregret that there ts so little bere to see, And even this little would le better away An unmeaning and ungaialy plaster cast of a bull, from England, a bust of Edwin Forrest, a bronze statue ot Livingston, an equestrian statue of General eomebody by somebody, half a dozen statuettes of no importance anda tal! marble altar in the Italan style are all that the rotunda affords. It would be useless to linger for the present. Yet wo cannot fail to be struck with the ample dimensions and bappy proportions of the rotunda, AMERICAN PICTURES, Hastening to the galleries devoted to American art ‘we begtn to realize that we are indeed at home and need not be ashamed of our surroundings, No less than seven walis, each one hundred feet in length, are hung with American pictures. And in simple justice to tho contributors it must be said that no previous collection has contained more good paintings and fewer bad ones. Tho painful recollections of three years ago, at Vienna, where we did worse than nothing, cease to haunt your correspondent like a night- mare, and the patriotic spirit revives, Many good friends—some new, some old—look down from the wails Our best artists are amply represented, al- though, perhaps, the cream of our collection is not to be found bere, but rather inthe Art Annex. Passing in rapid view we recogoize the “Gun Foundry,” by ‘Wiers; “Tho Old Stage Coach,” by Eastman Johnson; Moran’s “Mountain of the Holy Croes;” Ff. W, Ward’s ‘Village Post Oilice.” Rosenthal’s “Elaine” will attract many a lover of Tennyson, Mr, F. James exhibits a taith{ul scene of Western life, in bis “Palace Smoking Car’’ with its card players and voluble politicians. The {aces are good, but the color. ing js crude, Gignoux has exhibited some of his wellknown effecta S. R Gifford is represented by ‘by namerous landscapes, ail up to his usual standard, And R. 8 Giford renews the assurances he has given of late of his steady and rapid improvement Of Irving we detect “Cardinal Wolsey and His Friends,” a host in itself Bridgmann’s ‘Basses Pyréniés” a genre, and “Tbe Harem,” are strong m coloring. “The Duck's Breakfast,” by W. H. Lippincott, is promising. J. M. Hart exhibits the ‘Sunny Memories of Berkshire;” F, Hus by the “Yosemite Vailey.” Orane, Whitiredge, De Haas, Constant Meyer, Hubbard and Wordsworth Thompson are abundantly and happily represented, Winslow Homer exhibits a piece tn his characteristic style of naturalism, full of Iite and power. There aro also charming picces ftom Kensett, Cropsey and Allston. The “Battle of Gettysburg,” by Rothermel, ts as glaring ana unfortunate as it well could be. Itis scarcely an attractive picture, under any circumstances, The colors are not sufficiently subdued and thero isa want of grouping around a central point, The whole is « huge hand-to-hand fight, vivid bat not in spiring. Yet our Southerp brethren, although they may regret the presence of such 2 picture, need pot feel that i casts upom them any reproach, Both sides are fighting Itke heroes, and which one will succeed is evidently to depend upon the luck of war rather than upon sectional superiority, In passing rapidly through these galleries we have not paused to discriminate. We have merely jotted down a few that happened to strike our eyo or appeal to our memory without attempting to draw comparison or call atten- tion to hundreds equally good. To do them all justico one must spend woeks of careful study, and to-day ts only the opening day. THB ART OF EX$LAND. If America has dona well, England, {t must be con. foased, bas done better. No amount of lawful pa- triotism wili prevent us from yielding the palm grace- fully vo our British cousins. Ip fact, one may already bazard the prediction that when the final award comes to be made they will mead the total list. Not only is the collection large, but ts throughout unimpeachabie, Perhaps « more caretul revision may reveal some @light thewselves here and there, but to the eye of a rapid observer on hig drst round i seems in truth as it there was bot, Among the three or four hundreds, a single weak of unattractive one, The English have improved decidedly upoa their exhibition at Vienna by dint of careful weeding and a wider range of situa- Won. We eucounter the brightest uames in Snglish art, some dead, but the groater number still alive, ‘The briefest réswmé wil make this apparent We note Riviero'’s “War Times,” O'Neill's “Volunteer,” “Battle of Naseby,’’ Ausdell’ Apxous Mother,” a superbly painted merino owe with her two lambs; Peter Graham's “The Cattle Tryst,” Paeca's “God's Acre,” Calderon's “Siesta,” Leighton’s “Kastera Slinger,” Mra, Joplit “Five Sisers of York,’ Fran's “Pamela Writing,” Cope’s “Mar- riage of Griselda,” Millar's “Barly Days,’ two gems by Landseer, ‘The Travelled Monkey” and the “Sick Moukey;? Watts’ “Portrait of Landseer,” Leiguton’s “interior of a Jewish House,” rich ia color Cooke jodwin's Lighthouse,"’ where the water is as translucent as nature itself; Colin Hunter's “Prawlers Waiting for Darkness; two remarkable pictures by Heary Moore, “A Storm Approaching on the Woich Coast at Sunset’ and “A Winter Gale in the Channel; Brewt's “Morning Among the Boulders on the Coast;” Horsley’s “Checkmate in Next M "ew wonderful interior, with light entering through a win- ‘The best treasures of many of the leading galleries in England baye been robbed for awhile to make up ua array of talent that is overpowering in its gencral effeet and that one might look for in vain elsewhere. There 48 one room in particular—a small side chamber to the north—which might be called the chamber of the i!lus- trious dead. Here every picture is eloquent of a by- gone age. The portrait of Hannah More, by Opic, ia loaned by the Duke of Manchester. Many Americans will have their frst and probably their only opportunity of seeing ‘the originals of West's ‘Death of Genera Wolt,” and “Christ Blessing Little Children,” Leslie’s “May Day Revels,” contrasting pleasingly with Ture ner's rather sombre ‘Dolbadden Castle, and Mul- ready’s “Village Buffoon, The “Banquet Sceie” and “Banquo’s Ghost,’’ by Maclise, is powerful in effect of light and shade. Frith’s “Marriage of the Prince of Wales” 1s remarkable for its fidelity in preserving the likenesses of the stately cortege without sacrifice of pictorial grouping. In short, in this one room alone there 1s enough to occupy the gtudens for many a prof. table hour, The English water colors are scarcely inferior to the olla Butwe have only time to cast a rapid gi at two or three of them—Fadena’s **Story of an Honest Wife,” Jopling’s ‘In the Conservatory’’ and Sir Joha Gilbert’s “Visit of Francis L to the Queen of Navarre, The pleasure of visiting the English collec. tion 18 rendered complete by the circumstance that euch picture bears the title in full and the artist's name. : SPAIN AND NORWAY, By a strange freak of fortane the land of ica and the land of orange are brought to face one another peace- fully tp the same gallery. The contrast is not so dis- pleasing as it might sound. The Swedish pictures are warmer than this country suggests, the Spanish less highly wrought, Upon the whole the Spaniards, while they reveal the most conscientious manipulation with the brush, do not present a positively attractive array. For this result the subjects, ratnor than the artists themselves, are to blame. The sabjects are too serious and’heavy, and also a trifle everworn, They aro too suggestive of the cloister and the ascetic’s cell, In this respect they constrast most’singularly with the recent exhibition of Spanish water colors in New York, where warmth and abandon preqpmipated, In the present collection wo singled out Gonzalos’ “Sepulchre of the Catholic Kings at Granada” and “Interior of a Cathedral,” “An Old Stone Bridge,” by De Hacs (a most un-Spanish name, by the way); Dios- caro’s “Lite of Colambus,” Jover’s “Scene at the Pontificial Court,” some genres by Melida aud Lucas, and the “Death of St. Francis of Assissi.”” Most of the Spanish prices are exceptionally large. Among the Swedish we note Figerliu’s “Bys Smoking,” Skén- berg’s “Lovers Ramoling Through the Woods,” roughly dashed in, but full of light and atmosphere, The portrait of Count Rosen ts extraordinary for the Raturainess with which the fur ia represented. PRANCE, Next to the English in point of merit are the French unquestionably. Their collection is not quite so large sand pot so carefully weeded. We sec here aud thore a picture that scarcely does its neighbors credit, Still the collection, asa whole, is typical of French style, if not at its highest pitch of perfection. The piece de re-~ sistance 1s the portrait of Mile, Crojzette on horseback, by Duran, Both rider and borse are all that the Jover of ars can wish for, natural, ‘spirited and highly attractive. Equatly powerful, but icgs atéractive, is “‘Rigpah. Defending Her Crucified Children,’ by Becker. The expressions on the faces area feast of horrors for the anatomist. A companion piece is the “Assassination of Cmsar,” by Clement, Maignan’s Eastern Guards at Place of Exocution! is spirited, as also Protai’s “Soldiers Camping in the Woods.” Karpignie’s “Study of Trees’ is torcible, and there are good things by Leleux. ‘The School,” by Cochin, ts im the realistic style, The faces of tho are true to tho life, expressive and vaiied. We pass by the names ot A. Benonville, Pabst, Jacomin and Sechencks, We contest to gome disappointment, not at what the French have done, but at what they might Pave done. It is evident that they have not exerted themselves as the English have, The names represented and the pictures ex: hibited are good, But where are the Coutures and Geromes, the Meissoniera and De La Roches, woo made the exhibition of 1873 at Vienna so attractive? In view of the array of English talont their absenco 6 paintuily fel, GERMaST. Not even the most patriotis native of the Fatherland can feel sausied with bis country’s display. 45 3 whole it is weak and meagre, and the few attractive pieces are easily selected, Van Starkomborgh's ‘‘Har- vest Scene’ fully deserves the gold medal tt bas ob- tained, Boser'’s “Giri with tho Bungle,” 13 iccsb and life-like, In Hylander’s marine piece we welcomo an old trend of "Th # utthed’s “Singing Lesson” and Goibel’s “Vill Tavern Concert” are in the happiest style of pap yenre, while Pobler’s “Road Through the Hills” tsa trae man landscape, AS might be expected, #ho pieces attract much attention, Knots of three and tour, inspired more by zeal than by knowledge, gather ia front of Bruan's “Surrender at Sedan,” a flashy end altogether artistic scene, no better thn Rothermel’s “Gettysburg.” Fortunately tor Braun, there 1s another paintmg of the game surrender, still more inartiatic, And theo there is the inevitable Crown Prince and staff, and the equally inevitable Emperor on horseback, Still, thé number of patriotic pieces is small in comparison with that at Vienna, and for this wo are thaakful, Without exccss of variety we cap clam that Germany ts de cidedly surpassed by America in breacth of artistic conception and even in coloring, after wandering through so many rooms and corridors, lined with thousands of art ob docts, we have every reason for tion that the effort of seving them das | made so easy. Tho arrangements for hyht nothing to be desired, Even the world-renowned gal- lery of Dresden docs not surpass Memorial Hall im thie respecl The light, except in the northern rooms, ‘comes in from above, Js not too strong and is perfectly distribated, In no place are the pictures hung beyond the reach of easy vision, Even the corridors, those crucial tests of a gallery, are scarcely inferior to the rotunda or the main rooms, The labors of the Art Committee have thus been facilitated and the artists have no ground for complain Even tho painstaking chairman of the English Committee, who has tried bia best to bang every piature just. where it will display itself to the full, may take comfort a the reflection that circumstances have oome to the aid of his high in. ftentions, And whoever considers the wealth of the English collection will admit that bis task was @ most delicate one, We may add in conclusion that about one-third ef the smaller rooms are not yet in readiness, THE ART ANXEX. But Memorial Hall, all its ample rooms, bas not sufficed tor the d: the world’s art, Last winter it was found that the applications for space were pour- ing in so fast that another building of even larger dimensions would be absolutely necessary. So, with. out hesitation, the present annex was resolved upon, aud almost as promptly cailed into being. To one who has not seen this part of the grounds within the past two mouths the transformation is almost incredible. Nothing then was visible but a pile of lumber and the skeleton frame work of a huge some- thing, one scarcely could predict what, Now we cross a narrow strip of ground to the north of Memorial Hail and enter an almost labyrinthine series of lighted—iike those in the older building—from above and filled with an cquatly tempting array of treasures. The outside has been painted in, imitation of granite, and aithough squat in comparison with the lofty rotunda is tolorably im keeping with the general surroundings, Once inside the visitor loses all consciousness of the fact that he is within the walls of a merely temporary structure, The annex is practically but a continuawon and a repetition of the ball. The same pames meet his eye, the same wealth of form and color arrests his ” attentiog, And, perhaps, the popular verdict will bo that the annex, as a whole, is superior even tothe hall, In certain departments it is eo un- Questionably. Tho first room that one enters isthe most meagre of all, Some few ltalian marbles are uo- packed, but they aro not of the highest order, and jm general the floor is occupied unopened boxes, The Italian pictures, ,both in this. room and ip the one adjoining, are not equal to those in Vienna and do not give an adequate representation of { Modern Italian arty Thé coloring, as might be ex- pected, Is good, but the subjects are rather conven- tioual Among the statues the visitor at Vienua will dow im the background; Crowe's ‘Goldsmith's | recognise many familiar forme, such as “Phareoh'@