The New York Herald Newspaper, April 24, 1876, Page 3

i EUROPE. Ex-Prosident Emilio Castelar on the Policies of the Powers. Victor Emmanuel and the Pope Silently Tolerating Each Other, GERMANY’S' AMBITION. Bismarck Would Absorb Austria and Create a Mungarian-Slave Empire. Bussia to Have Turkey and All the | Polish Provinces. THE RELIGIOUS CONFLICT. Failure of the Berlin Chancellor to Found a New Church. Paris, March 24, 1876. Tn closing my letter of yesterday 1 meationed that | Ttaly had greatly disappointed those false prophets who held that her artistic temperament was in- compatible with all good government and eoutrary to emancipation. What folly to argue that art should be so discarded! Art ig tho equation between the real and the iaeal. Policy combines science and art; combines principles andcircumstances; ombodies the pure idea with stab- | born reality; obeys, in a sense both theoretical and | Practical, the abstractions of thought with the necess!? ties of history. Policy might bo defined with this | formuia—it is the art of realizing the ideal gradually in society by a series of wise, natural evolutions, Ar- tistic temperaments, then, embody precisely the sense | Of the ideal mixed with the sense of reality. And when a people arises which has this feeling, this temperament, this facility for penetrating the two spheres of the universe, this aptitude for under- Standing every human ijland adapting themselves to all possible situations, this prevision of the future, ‘his progressive, prophetic view of facts even to their most remote consequences, 1t must necessarily influence \he coming policy of the world and assume a lead to- ward human successes, It will be the country of @hidias not opposed to Greece in order to be the coun- | try of Pericles, Impassioned verses will only be re- Cited to their fellow citizens in tho same placo where their wise laws ure promulgated. The books of Herodotus will not only vo books of national history, but also of practical policy, and they shall be read at Pythian games and on ‘he course of the athletes, sung by choirs in hymns and poems, When Plato banished the poets from his Fepublic he also practically excluded himself, because bis lotty reason was adorned with a crown of mmor- ta! poesy. Theso artistic nations, like the Greeks, Possess universal adaptation, and by their mtelligence Bre capable of producing or of assimilating themselves Wall ideaa, and the necessary flexibility for submitting Wreality, Thus Italy producod a Machiavelli and a Raphael in the sixtocnth centary, in the seventeenth a ‘Mazarino and a Carraccio, in the eighteenth an Alberoni and a Leopardi, in the nineteenth a Cavour and a Ros- sini The song of her lips, agitated by the vibrations ef one continuous inspiration, has not dimmed the pro- und vision of her eyes to tho truth, which penetrates ‘even to the depth of events; the fingers that tune the | Jyre have received the pulsation of reality, and the ehisol that has hewn out elegant statues has also carved out a nationality upon whose brow will be tor- ever red that light of gonius, that spark of fieaven, the glorious idea, whose resplendence shall diffuse everywhere with the various lights of poesy ‘the fecundant warmth of life, VICTOR EMMANUEL watches faithfully, unceasingly over the two works that will be an evorlasting honor to his life—the con- atitutional system and Italian independence. A per- fect model for modern kings he*follows and obeys with thorough submission the practical parliamentarians and the vote of the Chambers. Itistrue he has not | Geparted from that old statute which received the { assent of his father, sufficiently severe for the body of | the Italian nation, but it is also true that after | i baving undertaken so many marvellous works Italy has some need of repose, Moreover, the democratic kings are real men of reason, however unfarned in history. ‘A democratic king,” it has been said else- | where, and with another motive, ‘seems to-ine to be an atheist god.” There aro three necessary principles In every democracy :—First, natural rights recognized in every personality; second, universal suffrage ac- corded to every citizen; third, the movability and responsibility of power. From the moment that they organize a monurchy in the supreme form of a society they should give to that monarchy the attributes that are essential to it, and should clevate in turn its snalogous organizations, and mauy of these attributes and organizations, indeed, are incompatible with all | democracy, Victor Emmanuel was born of kings, and desires to be a king in good earnest. But, conserving | ‘his superior character, he has never contended against that part of the constitutional organism inimical to his authority, and never interfered in those matters which properly belong to Parhament. Of a robust and san- guine temperament, with fibre of steel, tenacious will, fatigable hunter, he gives himseli up continually to excursions amid the marvellous mountains aud 3; cious hills of, italy; a son of nature, he honors his paternity as well as his country when, returning from an extended chase he shakes off the dust and mud of the road and assumes all the flexibility requisite for the salon, all the courtesy and distinction consonant with his elevated rank,, as though he had never left the atmosphere of his palaces. ENTERTAINING GERMAN RMPERORS IN COSTLY PALACES. But this King, with such sober and sensible tastes | of rustic life, who bas frequently slept bencath a treo | even though a house wore near at hand, breakfasted on a piece of bread and a sup of wine, without pomp, | without ostentation, bas nevertheless demanded in- . creased tunds for the support of his innumerabie palaces, As he has withdrawn severa] crowns, through battles and plébiscites, be has also contracted the sane- | tuaries where these crowns are guarded. But there is no othermonarchy tn the world which can boast such | ‘ numbor of palaces, so marvellous as works of art and rue museums of history. ‘There is the palace of | Zenou, which reaches from the centre to the gate of | the city, which certainly has no equal in that splendid mercantile city; the patace of Turin, remarkable alike ‘or ite aspect and its tasteful Frencn monuments which assimulate the monarchy of Savoy to the old feuds of France; the palace of Milav, in front of the marble Cathedral, and with its apotheoses of the Napo- | leonic battles and victories; the Venetian palace, with Ita Sansovinian tagade, which gave to the wonderful fortress of Dux the oriental basilica of St. Mark's; the | palace of Mantua, enamelled in (rescoes by favorite disciple of Raphaci, and adorued with the richest tapestry; the palace Pitti, the work of that illustrious | merchant who competed with the Medicii, modelled | after the most periect Florentine architecture, tyclopian = and slight, with rough, colossal beadstones at the base, and with light and fraceful galieries aud most elegant arches in front; the palace of the Quirinal, where in former umes U eardinals held their conclaves to elect the infallible Pope, and where the Counct) of Ministers is now held representing tho revolutionary King. Then there are the palaces of Caserta, of Napies, Capo di Monte, Cus- weliamare, Portici—palaces everywhere, which require for their sustenance 4 most extensive civil list and an wmy of servants to keep them in order, And vot- withstanding this Vietor Emmanuel sacritices a portion ‘of his civil list in accordance with the exigencies of the Gational treasury. But the spring and autumn of last year catled for multiplo expenditure, I the spring \ne Emperor of Austria CONSECRATRD THR INDEPENDENCE OF ITALY with his visitto Venice, ThatGrand Canal, whence arise tw the blue vanle of heaven the shades of the verdant ) “witora frum betwoen two wails of marble; where the | redeemed Italy, both sitting im the congress of nations. | | vanquish the servants of tho oppressors by placing “my: NEW YORK HERALD, Gothic crests scem to rise even from the Graco-Roman frontage; where the arched windows and the rich intaid Arab work mingles with severe Tuscan lines; where i the massive Byzantine pillars, with their monstrous | looking effigies, mix with the straight Corintaian col- | umns and, its garlands of thistico—that great canal, I | repeat, into which has fallen the tears of the Venetian | captives, bore upon its bosom the two enemies who had fought against each o:ner on the field of | battle, reconcihng and reaniting them in the heart of | ‘Then Milan, the city where gonius gave support to the Lompardy covenant which founded the democracy against all the power and might of ‘Fredorico Barba- roja,"’ last autumn witnessed the entry of the Emperor of Germany in her midst, the descendimt of Frederick, an evidence that all those old historic feuds and hates: bad been forgotten, and that these two nations, once separated by absolutism and war, were reconciled in liborty, All these visits, all these reconciliatious of the ancient kings of di¥ine right to the King’ of the Ttalan revolution, are applaudatory of his policy, but sad by their peculiarity. The King had to increase his expenses, aad, in order to meet his creditors, had to resort to multiple expedicuts; indeed, in order to on- | tertain his allies, with the view of secarimg moral ad- Yantages, be had to incur almost fabulous debts. Rence | the government had to ask Partiament for upward of | a milion of francs in order tosettle the bills contracted | by the royal household during tho visits of the sover- eigns of Austraand Germany. Parhament prorogued its session without having vated the desired amount, at | which the King was greatly displeased, PROUD SATISYACTION OF THR KINO. Beneath his coolness and casy good nature appears | that deep and natural satisfaction which Victor Em- manuel feels regarding the work realized under the | auspices of hisname. Aud I believe tha: all that lack of solicitude for his person is a proof of the dark in- gratitude of the Italians, yesterday bound in slavery— to-day of the first among the peoples of Europe. Re- cently there was a huge concourse in Florence to cele- | brate the unveiling of a beautitul statue which was justly to perpetuate the memory of Cavour, Ithink that on this occasion the Mayor of the city made a speech in the presence of the King apropos‘of the ceremony, speaking principally of the civic virtues and political services of the Count, In that speech he said not a word concerning the part taken by Victor | Kmmanuel in sceuring Italian independence. The King | neither spoke of nor pretended to notice this omission on the part of the oblivious Mayor, an additional proof of his grace and friéndliness, It must be confessed that he was mght, Our servants among the oppressed, i unable to overcome the many superstitions, have to 4 } | | | | | themselves at the hoad of a democratic revolution. It 1s impossible to understand by our own mental state the condition of a different and cortrary mind, Of royal origin, they confounded Victor Emmanuel with the plebe of absolutist birth, and he delivered up the great authority ofthe nation; of the cougress of European kings, he mado war for an idea belonging to the nations; born of Sayoy, he ceded his birthright for political reasons; of Catholic education, he decided to stand unilinchingly before tho striking wrath of the Vatican, deciding to have the seal of excommunication placed upon his sepalchre in order to break the bonds which enchained divino Italy, Thus, in the much quoted words delivered to the army on Now Year's Day, hints wero dirested by Victor Emmanuel in a most pointed manner to the angrateful and forgetiul, who, instead of giving active support to the King in Italy, seem to stand aloof as though wishing to envelop themselves in some lofty, inaccessible shades of con- stitutional indiflerence and divine inviolability. GARIMALDI SNUBUED BY PARLIAMENT, Not only did the King resent tho action of Parlia- ment; Garibaldi was also displeased on account of the prorogation being ordered without taking the necessary | proliminary measufes for the improvements of the Tiber and for the draining of the Campagna-Romana. Garibaldi thought that after having contributed so much to her liberty; after having sus- tained in ita youthfulness that heroic spot whose incidents alone renow the ancient heroism; alter retiring to Venice that the world might mix its admiration with the praise of Xenophon; after having twice hazarded his invincible prestige to hasten | the glorious hour of the emancipation of Rome, arriv- j ing there with a tribune and iree press, with a people emane), iH phe congidered it necessary to purily the seit of Jagunes which surrounded it | and tho air from the miasma that infested it in order | that there should be in those fields, unique by their austere. sublimity, the goddess of nature, where for | so many centuries had been the goddess of conscience. Indeed, many times during my oxtensive excursions | in the environs of Romo, in that grand expanse repre- | sentative of acemetery for peoples and nations and races and geds, among the rushes and terns and hem- lock andthe alimentary plants by the stagnant and fatal waters, I have secn {fom some decayed sepulchre, supported above some broken column, whole fanihes pass m long parrow carts drawn by buffalo, pallid and emaciated, looking like spectres, poisoned by the emanations from the lagunes; and with that terrible ague which discolors the lips and weakens the eye: there appeared to me that lucid, glow worm fluttering, brilliant between the first shades of twilight, like souls illuminated by fatuous fire awakened from death by a peal trom the thousand neighboring charches, entering the field ike an Apocalypse in stone, above whuse fragments tbe sublime remains of some world, human- ity might expire before the last unalterable judgment had been pronounced from the lips of an avenging God. THAT CAMPUS OF ROME isa campus of death. The air is filled with fever as a continuous pest, and yet it might be And has been ong of the most tecand, the most healthy, the most beaut!- | ful in the world, Bounded on the north and east by lofty hulls, which abound with flowing crystal springs; | on the south by the sea, which fresbens the air and mitigates the heat with its delicious breezes, and on the west by a river, whose waters, properly directed | and utilized, should produce ail the treasures of life | instcad of the veuomous vapors of death. When the | free and firm hand of Cincinnatus cultivated it, when the division of property sustained it, when canals and well-appointed drains regulated it, it brought forth lite and laid the foundation of health, But since the im- mense extensiou of the property of the nobles, since the expulsion of the poor, since the reduction of pas tural aud afable land; in a word, since Jabor ceased, Death has spread his hand over this vast expanse which was before so vivifled, sothat even in blind nature eternal justice is fulfilled and realized. Garibaldi de- sired to s0 change the Campagna Romafa that in time it should produce, with the most savory fruits of ltaly, citizens the mostapt in the Republic. And in order to produce these it required to be disinfected, so that there could be reared upon a soil without miusms people without superstitions. THK OLD WERO AT WOME, Ishall never forget the day of my last visit to the Mustrious General in bis retired home m Rome We went out by the same where the breach was mado through which the revolution and Italy entered. On | each side of the road are seen the ruins of the ancient | prewtorian campus which sheltered the soldiers who | dominated over the world and supported Cwsar, The , house was at some distance, and the passage leading to | it presented that severe solemnity peculiar to all | Roman alleys. Several old companions in arms watched and attended the General with extraordinary zeal and seemed to regard dil pew comers with wncom- mon discomiiture, At that time the writer, Alfonso Karr, had been to see him, and, nnding the gate closed, wrote and published a harsh letter, stating therein | that he had never seen any tyrant so closely guarded, H i In truth we could not say this, because every door | was open to ag, aud all the ininates of the house wok | great pains to please, accompanying and directing us, | Garibaldi was very much afflicted with rheumatism, | which he had contracted during his extensive voyages. lis hands were all ehriveliod with the disease, and he | could searcely stand upon his feet. Notwithstanding | this his lon-like’ head ~—retained = its old mystic posé; his silken, goiden locks, hung down over his broad and massive shoulders; his forehead bore no marks of age, his blue eyes gave forth that sparkling, ic ight which seems to penctrate and influence; his herculean figure, energetic and robust, seemed | subdued as it were by the religious splendor of bis | physiognomy and by the innocent smile which played upon the lips that seem perfumed with the candor of | safancy, To see this warrior of the New World; this | navigator of the Mediterravean and the Plata; this | horo of the ruins of Rome; this auxihary of expiring | Venetia; this tribune of oppressed peoples; this dicta. | tor who bas acquired with bis own hands the crowu of | the most splendid of kingdoms and handed it over toa king; this legendary chieftain; this rationalist who foes to mass as soon us the Pope inclines to liverty; ‘Uits revelutionist who speaks of God with we ian |"1m politics such as he has made ia religion. Two new | guage of saints, while persecuted by sacerdotes with | the derision of the clubs, contirms my conviction that there could not be in the whole world a better repre- sentative of the Italian people, With his classical and Catholic contrasts; with bis ancient heroism and modern spirit; with his Latin goddesses still living and is Roman pontificate still powertul, he has a soul equal to the souls of Francisco of Asis and of | Geromino Savonarola; with those of Brescia, of Rienzi and Massaniello, Full of contradictions in those that touch the universality of his genius and the grandeur of his character, luminous as glory, quick as inspira- tion, theoretical and practical aiter the mauner of the ancient Greeks, he is a true reflex of his people and of his country. MIS GREAT SCHEMES OF IMPROVEMENTS, Before being seated he said it should be stated that though he had offered his presence and sword in all tho bitter struggles for liverty in Spain and had neg- lected to go to our country, it should not be attributed to his want of heart in the matter, for he was first'and | always ready to defend democracy in every land, but to the councils of prudence which had prevailed, Then he showed usa map of the improvements in Rome, which he held up in his hands before us. With blush- ing cheeks, with animation in his cyes, with lips elo- | quently vibrating, he told us in Spanish, which he spoke with inexpressible grace and harmony, that he intended to devote the rest of his life to the restora- tion of his health, as be had already restored Rome to Uberty. We had imagined that this man of lofty ideas and practical sense would be vexed by the expedients and delays of Parliament in voting the funds neces- | sary for his vast projects, but he subdued his vohe- | mence, though he velleved that he ought to stir up | governments as well as peoples with the echoes of his | powerful voice aad tho rays of his lofty, inspiring vision. Thos, he has published several articles in La Capitale, which were truly inspiring, against the Parha- ment and the government, THR POPE, THE KING AND THE SOLDIER, While Garibaldi contemplates the ratification of the | | Tiber and Victor Emmanuel eutertains the diplomatic | corps the Pope scatters his messages over tho whole { Catholic world. A writer given to imagination and legend might say that the fourth Eclogue of Virgil was being realized, that those most at enmity in the battles | of nature were being united and reconciled in the | bosom of the Eternal City, Twenty years ago it would not have been credited for a moment if it had | been said that the infallible Pope, the excommunicatea | King and the revolutionary warrior would come to live | together 1m peaco in the same city. ‘The objections hold more in the idea than inthe reality, Prelates from all parts ot the carth coming freely to Rome, pugrims entering to worship the Pentiticate and curse the King, the ecclesiastical conclave adjoining Con- gress, the Papal encyclical appearing with the speech from the tribune, the voice of the head of the Chureh raised threateningly against the hea‘ authority of the State—all theso difficulties, all these contradictions, all these coexisting contests, without producing cither great moral or material conflicts, secm like a dream; and yet tho dream hus been realized, thanks to tho marvellous adaptibility of Italy, acquired and affirmed, if you will, through a certain ancient scepticism. CATHOLIO JURILEES AND GIFTS, The jubilees terrified many people, because the infln- ity of the pilgrims was apt to disturb and awaken the indaity of passion. During the Middle Ages these mul- titudes of Catholics meeting in Rome engendered a pes- tilence just as the multitudes of Mussulimen meoting at Metca engender a pestthere now, The darkest visions and the most threatening apocalypses came from the | penitents to pollute the tree air, and terrors and super- stitions which would icad us to imagine that the flames of hell were spreading over the superiicial surface of the world and that the angels of death were persecut- | ing all living to drive them onward to destruction. To-day all this ought not to be so terrible; but it is tonding, and in a high degree, to a cosmopolitan reac- tion, with the view of bringing back a greater number of ptlgriins to worship at the Vatican. The more timid | people favor the most crue! measures, and there are in Rome those who would oven counsel the government to probibit jubileea, The holy year has been celebrated, however, as it was in the olden time, The pilgrims went in procession to secure their indulgences; the doors of the church wero opened to her sacred legions, and during this ‘incessant religious manifestation they have passed quictiy through the streets without molestation; the Pope,has preached..as olien as he chose, and, as an ingenious writer puts it, the only one indulged at the holy jubiiee was the Italian govern. ment. It would be difcult to recount all the manifes~ tations of enthusiastic adhesion which the Catholic | world gave to the Roman Pontificate. There are many even who think that there are upon the wulls of those | humid cells not far from the palace someof the richest works of art in the world. Andeed, this deep commis- eration breathes forth in gifts of fabulous wealth, Ror instance, in naming a few of the most recent and best known donations, we may note the silver prune tree sent by the town of Agen, France, with fruit of enamel, whose kernels were composed of Jouis d’or (gold na- poleons); then’the Duke of Modena bequeathed to it a considerable portion of his vast fortune; the Belgian Senator, Hamale, raised an offering of 40,000 duros, and the Marquis of Ripon, whose conversion agitated Eng- land so deeply, would contribute nothing less than a hundred thousand, TH PONTIFZ RKCKIVED ALL these friends with a solicitude becoming his character and invited them to one of the most secret ceremonies | in bis palace, toa mass sald every day in his private chapel, at seven o’clock in the morning, to the light of candles which struggle with the dawn of day. It is impossible to depict the religious unction and mystic ingenuity with which this mass is said. 1 can under- stand how the faithful are impressed by the indelibe impression made upon myself by a high mass sung in St. Peter’s aud a benediction which was given in front of the tribune of the marvellous temple with an air so solemn and @ voice 80 penetrating that tt xeemed like | the idea and the speech of those antique and colossal monuments buruing with the holy firo of faith, And, indeed, when Pius IX. rose and spoke it was with an eloquence bordering on the utmost limits of tam:harity arid with the grandeur of biblical prophecy. During a reception in the autumn of last year the Pope compared tho Italians who have remained in Rome to tho insects that sucked the grape at the timo of the vintage. On the Ist of January, this year, he compared Victor Emmanuel, so good and frank and sensible and an anti- , craftsman, with no less a personage than that crafts- — man emperor par excellence, with that Nero, whoso caprices razed the walls by passing his Olympian carts over them, and, setting fire to Rome for diversion, tuned the guitar from the heights while witnessing a real and terrible tragedy. I fail to discover what relaion there can be between the constitutional King of Italy and the august Emperor of Rome. Victor Emma uel’s has been a life of hanting and camping, while Nero passed a life of histrionism, Victor Emmanuel avoids the spectacular; Nero gave himscif up to it, Be- | neath the hat, the field dress, the spatterdashes, tho | sporting pouch of the ebict uf the House of Savoy, po- | body but the Pope has discovered the painful artifice which ine:tes hke Orestes persecuted by the furics in the Bay of Bayus, as itis sang and deciaimed in the theatre. Frankly, the Pope should seek ror other and eller types for representing the antichrist, if there is 80 inuch need of a speech on this apocalyptical figure and ip opening the new year with afew dashes of singu Jar eloquence. | PIUS 1X, 19 4 STRANGE CHARACTER, From the liberal ideas of his early years ho has fallen | into all the exaggerations of Jesuitical theology. Then he desired to give evangelism as laws to buman socie. | tes, and now he wishes to invest them with the potency of an Asiatic mystery, Excessively nervous, his nerves enter into every idea and every sentiment just as the | slightest breeze tuned the ancient wolian-barps, Inno- vation enchants bim, But he docs not like intrusions | dogmas have been promulgated during his Pontificate— | that of the conception and that of infaliibility. Thustno most incarnate enemies of his person and of his inno- | vations call themselves Old Catholics, m demonstra- | tion of their great fidelity—greater than the Pope himself—to the ancient ideas of the Charch. The mod- ern world, says he, tolcrates matorialism; its cyes, ciosed to the light of the ideal, cannot see any princl- ple beyond tho physical world; nothing can enter | into the desolated desert of its erceds unioss subjected | to the tangible and experimental, We believe ourselves | born to the affairs of beasts and destined to an eternal | nonenity, Since the fatal combat tor a life without rea- son and without object it will require eternal flames | to awaken the Intelligence toa knowledge of the di- vine and the heart to the hopo of immortality. We | must have another aud more clevated doctrine, more idealistic, more worthy of mam aud more demoustra- tive of God than those apothecses of human creatures im imitation of the darkest of ancieat paganism and of | | sal deluge of ideas. The combat cannos be as it w | in France, but that the Chancelior placed nis personal | | of the man who has destroyed the A MONDAY, APRIL 24, 1876.—TRIPLE SHEET. ‘the last agonies of the ancient Empire, A sapicnt the- | ology that in this same Rome hears these lamentations Over the decadence of spiritual Jife, even in the bosom of the Church, reminds me of the following, which I copied from the stone:—Go thy way, and all those who discuss the authenticity of the Gospels, for wo say that there aro only four authentic and orthodox, be- cause there are only four principal winds and four fect | for quadrupeds.”” DIVINE RIGHT AND DIVINE ASSUMPTION. | Treating of the Popo, it seems but natural, en passant, | to treatof the Emperor also, It appears impossible that, in view of tho persistency of ideas, and of the social elements in the history of to-day, in the faco of | the modern world, in our time of reason and liberty, the sacted Emperor of Germany and the sacred Ponti! of Romeshould struggle against each other as if wo | Still in the times of the Middle Ages, The Km- peror, representing the lust of that institution coming from the Romans, whieh personified the civil unity of Europe in the midst of tne general division produced by feudalism, has come to frec himself from the Pope, whose power he shared im-osher times, even to the point of abandoning his religion and bis Church, Tne Pope, according to the Emperor's idea, has lost all tem- poral power and has shut himself up in the Vatican, if to flee from the mundation produced by the univer. other times. Six Jong centuries have detnonstrat he Rothan bishops the necessity of renouncing politi- | cal ambitions. ‘Tney not vnty aesire that the Ponutical theocracy ‘may absolutely dominate over the world, but they wish to have absolute domination over the consciengs. According as its political power has di- d4is dogmatic power has augmented in mar- vellous proportion, It is not only to be monarch at Rome which the Popo desires, bat an infallible Pontiff, in whose personality is the whole Church; a species of god called to govern the human soul in all its manilestations with his oracles of speech. The power that the ancient civil uuthority represented, and which had always tendod to emancipate the State from theocratic tutelage and prevent the Europoan world from going back to Asiatic theocractes, pledged itself » to bear that which Pontifical infallibility did not—tho political ana social consequences contained within tt- | self. The Pope, on the contrary, maintains that no | human power can dispute or interfere with u spiritual authority which ho believes to have received direct from heaven. And in this conilict of interests the war of opposing pretensions has broken out between the old theocracy of Rome and the new Emperor of Germany. ke WSMAKCK IN THE KGET, At the commencement of this Nght, theo man whoso mind has been as tho soul and guido of the German | Empire, Count Von Bismarck, proposed to encourage the Catholics separated from the Roman Church on ac- | count of Pontifical infallibility so that they might open | anew Church and organize a trae schism, Many at- tempts were made to tear from Romo a portion of her } | spiritual dominion, aided by such a meritorious ; thinker ag Canon Déllinger, who had always been held | | @8 One of the most resplendent luminaries of Catholic. — | #sm in our century, But, ah! new religions wore not so easily foanded on the bases of an old critic, Believers | proferred the word of the Pope to the science of his | contradictor, and no believer will join a Church, whether old or new, when under a protext he is made | to beat a yoke insupportable to his reason, When the | | Most eminent thinker, Canon Dollinger, to whom we } have alluded, gave 1o the movement a conservative | tone b7 accepting the title named during this conflict, | the title of Old Catholic, ho pledged himself to iunova- ; tions, however just, which were naturally opposed to | the great work undertaken and the duty of facilitating and sustaimng it, Failing in tho Utopian effort of ‘uniting allthe Christian churches separated by radical differences atacouncil, there was nothing left but a small school that couid be said to uppose the authority | of the Vatican, When the penctrating mind of the | Gorman Chancellor was persuaded of the impossibility of success in forming a schism, he contonted himselt | with committing the rebel spirits of the Church to the | ¢tvil and political laws, At this moment the contest | | became most bitter, reaching extreme limits on both | aldes. The imperial legislature was not satisiied with modifying the relations between the civil and ecclesias- | theal dominions, not satisfied with cssentially modify- | ing the regimen of the Church and its property, but | went beyond the prohibited spheres of civil authority, evenjto the sphere of dogma in which alone conscience | con to havo jurisdiction, The injured Pope } Idunched fromthe Vatican such anathemas ngatnst the | inmovator that a rising of the Germans in Rome was | considered imminent, such as thut incited by Charles V. on the orders of Constable de Bourbon. The laws with which Italy surrounds the religious authority of the Pontiticate appear excessive; but its invidlability | and irresponsibility, In face of the powers attached to | it, appear also as guarantees, without counterpoise, | pregnant with war, without limit. It required the marvellous flexibility of the Italian policy to prevent a ! demand for satisfaction by force tor torrible aggrava- | tions which, it was imagined, wero even sowiug the seeds of civil war in Germany. SUBTLE TACTICS OF THE CHANCELLOR, Thus’ the Chancellor, being unable to ease h's mind by causing irritation in the Church at Rome, vented his spleen on the Catholic Church of Germany. Tho laws assumed the greatest rigor and the weight of his inox. orable ire atiacked the breastworks of the altar as he would have attacked a barricade, to the perpetual dis- | | turbance of the public peaco, which nations confide to | the prevision and strength of the State, It was in that conilict only, said he, that they had a means of salva- | tion—viz, to conserve the rigor of the laws and place the serene authority of the State in opposition to tho intrigues of the clergy. Enclosed in this fortress Bismarck was able to surmount difficulties that appeared insurmountable, and saw his own enemies pteparing to make peace in immediate concord. According to widely circulated and reliable rumors Cardinal Hohenlohe was ordered to depart from Berlin at once fur Rome, in order to communi- | cate with the Pope direct upon this grave affair. Hohenlohe was already named German Ambassador to the Vatican, and, as it was stated when there that on account of his religious character his appointment was an implied exclusive acknowledgment of the religivas authority of the Pontificate, and not the temporal, Bis- marck was on the point of repiacing him by a cavalry officer. The Pope has doubtless beconie more calm, and has seen how important it was to proceed diplo- matically with an enemy who seeks an implacable war, at the end of which he might suffer an irremediabio defeat, Thaseverything turns in favor of the Chan- cellor, who unites with his superior political knowlodgo another quality of tho first importance, the art of | knowing how to bido his time, } GERMANY AND RUSSIA IN OPPOSITION, | Some time s:nce numerous rumors and assaults ap- peared against Bismarck, ail ofa conflicting nature, wn- nouncing that his brilliant star had been echpsed tw a great extent, The religious coutest assumed alarming proportions; the Arnim conspiracy worked against him within the imperial palace; Russia's threat an- nibilated his foreign policy, 80 to speuk, and sup- presged his warlike impulses; the religious agitatious increased at every step and promised to result most disastrously. Now, however, the aspect of this thre H ening situation has changed, The religious fight, if | not finally settled, is subdued, Tho latest shatt of | Arnim, the pamphlet entitled “Pro Nitulo,’ launched like a Parthian arrow, falls harmiess amid the im- mensity of his power. Everybody knows that the Empress of Germany is opposed to the Bismarckian policy; the world knows that the Emperor was per. | sonally consulted as to whether he would preter a res- toration of the Empire or other monarchical régime ideas above all imperial preferences, And even with regard to his foreign policy success has followed him in such @ way that though he was beaten by Russia oa the question of war he adroiily drags hor into the question of the bast, Bat it is no secret that the Mus- covite Empire does not desireto press the Eastern question until she shall have completed her tmmenso | iron roads and her vast project of national armament, | It ts not concealed that the Muscovites complain | bitterly of the Germans for their action in regard to the late insurrections in the East as a cheap revenge on the part of Bismarck for the pacific poticy Russia pursued with #0 muca Urmacss in the spring, and yet it is no secret that vast projects now disturv the mind of the German Chancelior, projects whose character tends to assuciate them with those of the Muscovite Premier. German unity is the thoaght, par excellence trian Empire in the East and the French Empire iu the West, of him | who has thrust the temporal power fron ‘le threne of the Popes, completed the grand work of .alian unity, and put an end to German feudalivm and putty Kings. SCHEMES POR DISMEMDRKING AUSTRIA AND SEIZING TURKEY, Tn order to realize this thought fonr leading German | nesses will be examined to- conditions are required—to unite themee!ves firmly with Russia, to recompense Austria, to satisfy a few of the bumerous aspirations of the Italians and to calm in the casiest manner possible the fears of France and heal her wounds. Ln this view the project attributed to the Chancellor is complete, though its realization be barred with innumerabie dilicuives. From this Ger- many will revindicate herself with regard to Austria | and her 18,000,000 of tubabitants by the allegation that they will be content to enter and remain iu the bosom of the united German Fatherland. tm order to compensate Ausiria for this loss she will convert the Hapsburgs into chicfs of all the Slav races of tbe South, and will exchange Viouna for Constantinople, deduitely torn {rom the ¢ troiofthe Turks, The traditions of Austria, her ex- tensive government over diverse peoples and empires; her historic tithe of “King of Bobomia,’’ tho classic land of Slavism; the art with which she has sustained im equilibrium the most diverse nationalities, regard- less of abuses and 4, gives to this Ministry of the house of Austria facilities such as could not be had under any other reigning family. The Hapsburg dynasty has been accustomed, by a peculiar concourse of circumstances, unique, perbaps, in the history of to govern opposing nations, irreconcilable cos, provinces and States, that are to each other as Cain aod Abel of Holy Writ, as the Eteocles and Polinice of the fable, the Germans and tho Slavs, the hardy sons of Bohemia and the dominating sons of | Galicia, the Hungarians, who do not deny their rela tionship with the Turks, ard tho Croats, who do not deny torr relationship with the Servians; the seit. | Latin and semi-Asiatic Roumauians, and the semi- Slav sen in Jilyrian, And it 18 certain that the only way to continue tho confused life of the Turkish Einpire without great convulsions and difficulties is to relegate the crown to the Kmpire of Austria, the for- mer pastor and tho aucient jailer of nations, Se it may be understood at onee how great was the furor ercated by the Prussian journals by the appearance therein of 4 KIND oF SPRCTRE, the apparition of the statesman Schmerling, reclaiming Austria’s former policy, the reconstitution of the old control of Hungary, equal to that force proper to all Feactions, to the reconstitution of tho old tutelage over Germany, And as if to increase the gravity of this ten- tative, which might seem improbable if we were not ainted with the force of ideas in history, even after death, like tho sun shining resplendent after tho fall of twilight, comes the death of Deak, the most il- lustrious among the fuuuders of the Austro-Hungarian | dualism, which has destroyed forever the old absolute authority of Austria, A most ardent patriot, astute observer, with a profodnd knowledge of political eality, but little given to the Utopian and much to calculation, devoted to logal remedies against Kossuth, | who represented the devotion to heroic moasures and the revolutionary epopec, Deak belonged to those modern schouls enamoured of a most radical ideal, but disposed tu obtain it by obeying the slow evolutions of histery as a law of human societies similar in its vigor- ous fatality to the laws of nature. The speech of Schmerling, coinciding with the death of Deak, gave | rise to many apprehensions, because really all the policy of the Chancellor was concentrated in the press- ing necessity of converting the Austro-Hungarian empire into an Hungarian-Slav empire, Two great difficulties ure presented to prevent the accomplish- ment of this supreme end. Hungarians entertain for the Slavs and vie hatred of the Slavs for the Hungarians; the second is the LONGING OF THE RUSSIANS FO CONSTANTINOPLE. But Bismarck thinks to overcome these two «iM- | culties by demonstrating to the Magyars that they would lose all their influence if they should lose the friendship of Prussia, and by offering to the Russians, to induce them to renounce the apoca'yptical dreams and Messenian hopes which they centre in Constanti- nople, the wholo of that rich country, Poland, with the Austrian and Prassiun provinces included, which would give them a predominating influence even tn the centre of Europe, The Chancellor in this new evolution of his policy would only procure one thing—viz., that the 18,000,000 of Germans now under the Austro-fun- garian Empire should return to the bosom of the Ger- man Empire. Bismarck—this old conservative, most noble bildago, evangelical Protestant, Prince and Count, Miniter of un Emperor who even believes in divine right—realized an idea entially revolu- tionary—the idea of German unity, which dispellod democracy, which had formulated the Frankfort As sembly, and, destroying numerous feudal monarchies and dethroning numerous historical princes, was to be , but # preparation for a most complete transformation of that ancient society. EMILIO CASTELAR, THE CENTENNIAL FOUNTAIN. The Catholic Protectory in Wostchester, near We st Farms, has about 1,609 male and 700 female inmates, all of whom are under the itamediate care of Rev. Bro- ther Director Toliow. Connected with the Protectory ig a temperance organization known as the St. Joseph , Society, composed of the graduating class, Brother Joseph, of the Christian Brotherhood, beimg at tho head. This society held a meettng in the library room of the Protectory yesterday, which was presided over by Colonel John Farrell. He made a report, in which , be stated that the Roman Catholic temperance orgau: | izations of the United States, 700 fo number, had con- tracted for a colossal fountain, which would be an- veiled in the city of Philadelphia on the 4th ot July. They have already paid $30,000 towards its cunstruc- tion. and bave about $20,000 more to raise. Ho told the boys that he had made arrangemonts to have them all pregont at the unveiling, and thut they would have their own martial band with them. The fountain is nearly completed. BASE BALL ON SUNDAY. Yosterday afternoon Police Captain Donovan of Ho- boken, with seven of his mon, made a descent upon the base ball players in the Elysian Fields, who bad come over from New York. One of them escaped trom 8 police officer and in running away fired a shot at tim. ‘Twenty young men and luds were captured and fifteen base bali clubs. Last nightitecorder Botinstedt opened his court and-fined eleven of the prisoners $1 cach and discharged them. The others passed the bight in the lock up, being without money. Next Sunday any base ball players arrested will be uccused of “disorderly conduct.” The players arrested wore principally from the Fourth, Kighth and Fourteenth wards, The fol- Jowing are the names of thoso arrested:—W, Ward, John Decker, Michael Kinnery, Jawes Simmons, Val- entino Isev, Henry Cook, Charles Abb, John Tigh, Ibur- ton Knowles, Henry Rusaell, Jobn Drake, James Gil. more, Albert Teal, Frank King, James Cross, Patrick Keenan, Bill Marphy, Frank Meyer, John Metuigan and George Dully. SHRINE OF 8 BENEDICT, A bandsome altar is beiug erected in the spacious temple adjvining the Passivnist Monastery at West Ho- boken for tho reception of the shrine of St. Benedict, Portions of the bouy of the saint, with » vial contiin- ing bis blood, recently arrived from Rome, with a lie- sizo wax ligure of the martyr, In an opening in the side of Lhis statne the reves of the martyr will be de- posited, The vial will be placed in a chalice in such a ‘way that it will be exposed to view. The altar in which this shrine will rest wil be solemnly dedicated tu the saint on the Lith of May, aud the surine will thence jurward remain exposed to public view, A SCHOOL CONFERENCE, “The papils of tho malo and female departments of old public school No, 7, former aud present wachers, trastees of the public school society, ex and present members of the Board’ of Education, superintendents and ex and preseut school olfivers, are invited to meet in the old school house, Chrystie street, on Friday, April 28, at one o'clock i’. M., to celebrate the sexui- | Centennial antiversary of the school, FLEEING FROM JUSTICE. Arctmor was widely circulated throughout Jersey City yesterday that a prominent member of one of the boards of the city government bad fled from tho city. The charges of corruption against him are under the ideration of the Grand roel nil been presented to ga the Board of Caovasvers in the recent counting out censiul candidates, the most noted ense being that of Alderman Powell, iu the Fourth dis- trict, BUKGLAR ARRESTED. Yesterday morning Detective Holly Lyon, of the Tenth precinct, arrested John Russell, aged twenty- six, of No, 440 West Filty-fourth street, for burglary in | the prem sea of Charles Priem, No. 1,275 Third avenue, He had stolen therefrom $600 worth of wearing apparel. He was recognized by Thumas Mossman, of No. 353 { Wost Kighteeuth stree, as a mun who had at tempted to rob bis house on the 22d of last Uctover, im company with Albert Jobn- son, alias ** chy.’ Un that occasion Rossel had pointed a pistol at Mossman's head and threatened to take bs tive, Johnson was arrested at the time and Pleated guity, and was senionced to four years im the State Prison. He was commuted yesterday alternoon at the Market Police Court, in deiault of $5,000 Dail, Wo swait lie orlal, The first is the hatred the | AMUSEMENTS, STEINWAY MALL—ANSCHUTZ MEMORIAL, CONCERT. | The memory of Carl Anschutz, one of the most ac, | complished artists that ever visited this country, re | ceived due honor last evening at tho hands of the lends ing German musical societies of New York. The mass, whieh he wrote many years ago, and which was onca given under his own direction at St. phen’s chureh, in the palmy days of the choir there, when the music of St. Stephen's was a synomyme for the highest stand- ard of art, formed the principal feature on the pro- gramme. The soloists in the mass were Miss A, Went, soprano; Miss Henne, contralto; Mr. Bischof, ténor, and Mr. Weinlich, basso The chorus was selected from that of the opera, the orchestra from the Philharmonio Society, and Mr. Greiner played the organ part The conductor was Mr. A. Neuendorf®, a thorough master in all that appertains to the duties of such a responsible position, The mags is grand and impressive, and it was given with an effect that brought out its beauties in the sirongest retief, Before the mass there was a miscellaneous concert, in which the Arion, Beethoven, Mianerchor ond Sanger riinde societies sung selections. Mr. Henry Mollenlauer played a violoncello solo, Misa Henne'contributed a contralto solo, Mr Bischot a tenor aria, Miss Wentz a cavatina from Gomes? “Sal- vator Rusa,” which she rendered with the skill of au | accomplished artiste, givins evidence ot being the happy possessor of a rich, sympathetic, well cultivated voice, aud Miss Anna Rosetti the air of the Countess from the | “Marriage of Figaro,” in which the skill and expe- | rience of a prima donna of exceilence were displayed. It was a concert worthy of the departed composer im whose hunor it was given, and creditable to ail who took part in it, Especial praise is duo to Mr, Neuen- | dorfl, who brought the concert through to a successiul termination. MUSICAL AND DRAMATIC NOTES, A Russian princess will be the next star at the Grand Opera, Paria, Salvint commenced an engagement in Dublin om Easter Monday, “11 Teatro Donizetti” is the name of a new opera house at Bergamo, Isidore de Vos, a young Belgian composer of prome ise, recently died at Gand. Central Park Garden will bo opened in May for a season of summer concerts. Mr. and Mrs. Bandmann have been giving matinées of “Narciste” at the Londbn Gaiety. Henn Vieuxtemps has written his first concerto for violiz, and it is pronounced a great work. ‘The last concert this season of tho Staten Island Phil- harmonie Society will be given on May 5, | They now compare Wagner with Napoleon IL and i predict that Baireath will be a musical Sedan, | Von Baiow gives a concert in Bu/falo to-night, and | will make another Western tour ere he returns to New | York. i | i Miss Kate Santicy has had an opera composed especi- | ally for her in England. There is no reference to “Black Crook’? in tt | " Miss Blanche Tucker, of Ohio (Signorina Rosavalle), | made her début in opera at Covent Garden, on the 15th | inst,, as Violetta in “La Traviata.” | Mr. Henry Forrester, who played Iago to Mr, Irv ing’s Othello, receives tho heartiest commendations of the London Jllustrated Dramatic News, Tho New York Oratorio Society, assisted by Theodore | Thomas’ orchestra, present Schumann’s “Paradise and the Peri’’ on Wednesday evening at Steinway Hall. Regarding the recent production of Mennet’s Jeanne @’Are’? at the Grand Opera, Paris, one eritic unkindly states that “everything is admirable, except the mu- ic.”” | A burlesque on “Ferreol,” with the dashing sou- | protte and clever singer, Miss Jennie Hughes, im @ leading rdle, will be the principal feature at the Eagle this week. | MeVickar's company tn Chicago is to be reinforced by a musical quartet from this city, consisting of Messrs. Conk, Ashton, Baron and Sailivan, They lef for Chicago last night. | On May 21 M. Louis Dachauer will bring out Gounod’s oratorio, “Tobie,” in English form, at Steinway Hall, Messrs. Mills, White and Werner will play instrumental selections on the occasion. | Tha London Graphic says there are situations in “Tristan and Isolde" too revolting to perimit of a chance ! of tts ever being produced in England. What will the Batreath pilgrims think of such a charge against their } apostle? | “Mignon”? will be presented at the Academy of Musio | on Wednesday evening, with the following cast :— Mig- non, Mile, De Belocca; Filina, Miss Fannie Kellogg; Federico, Miss Annandale; Guglielmo, Mr. Karl; Lota rio, Mr. Reina, ‘The Lonton Atheneum praises Miss Neilson’s inter. pretation of Isabella in “Measure for Measure,” and says that during Jate years few instances of Shakespear. jan exposition more ample and more satisfuctory‘haw been supplied by the London stage. Mme. Manzocchi, a truly deserving artiste, long and favorably known to the New York public, has a testi monial concert at Steimway Hail on Tuesday evening, at which she will be assisted by Mme, Pappenhesm and a number of other popular favorites, Aconcert will take place at St. Peter’s Hall, Weal Twentieth street, on Wednesday evening, the 26th inst. for the veneit of the sinking fund and library of thy Workingmen’s Club, Church of the Holy Communion | Among others who havo voluntcered is Mmo, Dow Jand. A new opera called “Lvan,’’ foundéd on an incident | inthe life of the Empress Elizabeth of Russia, met | with great success a few weeks ago at the private the- | atre of the Palazza Marigacli, Rome. Prince Humbert and Princess Margarita applauded the work enthu- siasticaliy. “Joconde” Is the title of an opera successfully pro- duced at the Theatre Ander Wien, Vienna. It is the work of a clerk in the office of the Minister of Finance, Secretary Bristow might hunt up a few Verdis or Offen- bacli’s iu his office and get thom to set the libretto of “Crooked Whiskey’? to music, Mr. Jerome Hopkins will give his eleveath spring tide festival for the Orpheon Free School Fund at the Academy of Music on Saturday. The following soloists will appear:—Miss Amy Fay, pianist; Miss Lazar, soprano; Miss Fincb, contralto; Mr. Leggatt, tenor; Mr. Baird, baritone; Mr, Mecklen, harpist; Mr. Messiter, organist, “Tristan and Isolde” is thus summarized bY the cor respondent of the London Teleyraph:—'‘There is not + ap imstant’s repose in ‘Tristar and Isolde,’ save bo tweeen the acts; the tension of the oral nerves is un- remitted—nothing comes off as it might be expected to ‘eveninate’—all is contusion, accidentals, diminished sevenths, minor resolutions when tajor ones seem te be foregone conclusions, aud vice versa, horrid discords, falgo concords, moanings, gruntings and yella—a very pandemonium of soand.’? A five act drama in verse was recently produced in Parif, called “Les Grands Devoirs.” Jt is the story of Romeo and Juliet transferred to Scotland, The Monta- gues and Capulets become the Scots ant Norwegiens. Dratlan and Jessy, the lovers, and Tybalt ts transformed iuto Malcolm. The difference between Romeo and Dratfan 18 that the latter seems to take particuiar de light in making mincemeat of ali his lady love's kin- dred. He even goes fur the venerable father with hig buge sword. ‘The play was produced at a Sunday mat. inée and had a run ot “‘oae consecutive Sunday,” Mine, Arabella Goddard has, during the past three years, or, to speak more accurately, three years, one month and seventeen days, since ler departure from ~ England, appeared in public at 189 concerts and has | travelled 45,090 miles. The net profits of the tour | amounted to $75,000, gold. The largest receipts for a single concert were $3,100, gold, at Melbourne, The special vicissitudes of the lady's tour were the follow. ing:—Quarantined at Melbourne on 1 for twa ~ | weeks on account of smalipox on board ship; almost | fatal iMuess contracted in Ceylon; robbed of $2,000 at | Madras, the money being afterward recovered; ship- | wrecked on the northeast coast of Australia; great law- suit at Sydney, which was compromised. Mme. God- dard bas leit for Europe and will shortly commence @ starring tour there. A MUSICAL CONUNDRUM, To tae Epiton or tak Henaio:— Among tho ‘Musical and Dramatic Notes” of your | American composer has been beura from, There are i@ ward positioa «0 bo io Darien tude ton ty athe rat pineps ot jerpoint criticizing & ean of wall have he Kioavess fo tol musical readers wa 2s wo flood whole Centennial, if vo i | to send their manuscripts and who Noanes are te ' to whom to direct favor on :