The New York Herald Newspaper, February 2, 1876, Page 3

EUROPE AS IT IS, A Second Letter from Senor Caste- lar, Ex-President of Spain. SLAVONIC TROUBLES. What Is the Cause of the Insurrec- tion in Herzegovina ? ROME AND CONSTANTINOPLE. The Turkish Empire and the Sultan. THE REPUBLIC IN FRANCE. How the Friends of the Republic Carried Their Elections to the Senate. Panis, Jan. 4, 1876, In closing my letter two days ago 1 promised to add something to my remarks in reterence to the difficul- ties of the Slave races, now occupying so much atten- ‘Non in Europe, a promise I propose now to fullil. The example of the independence of these Slavonic nations—a contagious example—calls to those who are of similar race to their brothers in religion to rise against the Turkish Empire, which is subject, like all despotic Powers, to periodic:.! revolutions. In the in- surrection of Herzegovina two most essential elements are easily found—tle irritation of these mountaineers crushed by the tithes which impoverished them, and the assistance of the Servians “and Montenegrins anxious to extend their dominion and to have a greater pumber of tribes at their side who have broken tho Turkish yoke, Thus it is that the Slavonic principali- ties arm themselves as if they were to descend im- mediately to the contest, and the Servians compose an army of 156,000 soldiers, and the Montenegrins, being 200,000, an army of 50,000, There is nothing about re- ‘gion in this war, Many Turks unite themselves with the Christians to shake off the yoke that oppresses them, and to redeem themselves from the tribute which impoverishes thom, The Pope of Rome has the most lively interest in the preservation of the Suitan at Constantinople and in the peaco of his Empire, because many of his flocks possess Turkish funds tm abundance, Thus, during the imsurrection of Crete, the Pope preached to the Christians conformity with their servitude, and the telegraph announces to us that the Mussulman believers have asked of the Christian believers that he shall again preach resignation to the Cathotic insurgents. The problem is purely political—national. It will have an immediate and favorable solution in the dirth of anew Btate, either independent or tributary, if Europe did mot with good reason fear the immediate consequences ‘et always threatening warlike litigation for the plenti- ful inheritance entailed in INCOMPARABLE CONSTANTINOPLE, This city, destined in many social Apocalypses to be she world’s capital, a city relatively modern it she be compared with those that have crowned a historic life, acity whose greatness was foreshadowed and marked in the sacred horoscopes of Apollo, the rival of Romo, much more fortunate than Alexandria, the mother ofa church in which is joined the iron majesty ot Asia with the metaphysical genius of Greece, much of its Oriental spirit is in our life. It is ® luminary like Athens, Jerusalem, Cordoba; like the most brilliant suns in the outstretched ethereal heavens; a siby! of Christianity against ber competitor (im the West, which rejected her in her birth as an insult and an assault upon her own imperial greatness, It has been the principal seat of the councils which have Promulgated the fundamental religious dogmas. Cor- stantinople has, above all these prestiges, the singular one of her geographical position—the marvellous golden born—on the banks 9f that blue Bosplorus that could offer shelter to all the navies on the sea; the mighty cur- tents of those rivers that carry fertility to tho centre of Erope, and which aro commercial and mercantile highways of singular importance at the western bor- fer of Asia and at the doors of the Kast of Europe. Bhe is a neighbor of Greece and of Italy. With her svommunications open to all the products of laber, and with defiles shut against al) the invasions of war, sho ‘8 enfolded with skies of magical splendor, and ‘wells upon a territory of sacred recollections. fhe is ever between the enchantments of na- tare and the paintings of poetry, being, perhaps, the city marked out in the transformations of the future as a point of intersection of Continental races, as the seat and site of a confederation of pations that will close the ago of privileges and open the age of right, when the earth and nature, beauti- fied and aggrandized by labor, and when the spirit of man shall have been drawn nearer to God through the means of liberty and justice. TuRKIsH #esPoTisM. ‘This region, the most lovely of the earth, is cursed with a shameless despotism, The last rebellions of Werzegovina have renewed the contradictory reports soncerning the Tarkish Empire. Those men who are Yeast ‘superstitious im politics, the economists, wost bitterly criticise furkey and with more tertainty mark out her irremediable ruin. The ‘ast bankruptcy has been terribie, not only to her sredit, but to her existence. There, as in those ancient Asiatic empires, there is no more than ono man—the Sultan, All others are, if not beasts of surden, docile cattle. Descendant of the Caliphs, heir 40 Osman, this one man in the East who unites im himseif a spiritual and temporal power the most absolute which exists in the world—as pontiff, as Jegislator, as supreme morarch and supreme judge, as elegate of the Omnipotent and co-participant of His omnipotence. Closed up in his seraglios almost away from society, on heights where the air scems almost fatal to ordinary mortals, superior to all criticism, free from any examination of his acts and of all criticism upon bis authority, no vassal, however great he might appear, can come near him without trembling, nor enter into his abode unless in the attitude of those who penetrate a religious sanctuary. No one @are look at him face to face nor hear a word from him ‘without responding with every kind of adulation and praise. Conceived in the seraglio, born from the womb of slavery, educated by eunuchs, fully convinced that every right and all authority belong to bim by hereditary oath, with a most complete contempt of European civili- aation, with Asiatic predilections in that mind perturbed by the giddy heights from which he beholds the world, and lost in the abyss beneath, he thinks that the entire Empire should submit and be subjected to the continua; eecillations of his will, and the butterfly plays his despotic’ caprices, deadened by the poisonous atmos* dhere of incense and myrrh amid which he lives, MARVELLOUS IDOLATRY AND EXTRAVAGANCE, ‘On Friday he goes ont on horseback, accompanied by kis court, surrounded by his eunuchs, to recite, under ‘he domes of the chosen Mosque, the prayers of the ‘abric, in a procession that might be called the proces- ‘tom of an idol. Afterward hoe shuts himself in ‘ws -palaces and entertains himself by witnessing eck fights and athletic games, visiting the vare birds of his painted aviary and the sages of his ferocious carnivorous animals» sounting the presents received from the ‘Wfferent provinces, from those that come from the de- Mes of Macedonia to those that are brought from Sgypt and Nubia, among which beautiful maidens for ‘the seraglio and young eunuchs who waten and guar! them. From estimates which ascend to 500,000,000 "rancs 50,000,000 are reserved for the use of his divine verson; and it will not be surprising if, as it is said, ho ‘tas 5,500 servants of both sexes, 00 cooks, 400 ‘men servants, 400 musicians, 100 porters, 1,200 wives, 26 Seld hands, 50 physicians, 50 surgeons, 50 pages, 150 negro slaves—7,000 persons to food every day, and whose food costs more than 12,000,000 francs per annum. Then again he has 600 eaddle horses, 200 struction of new palaces—the 72 which he inhabits not being sufficient tor his amusement, and which he goes round every year. Those are fabulous sums, which would almost appear to be taken from the ‘Thousand and One Nights,” Yet he dares not reduce trem evena cent, because he needs it all to “maintain his prestige and glory in the East.” THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE DOOMED, This cannot continue. The Mohammedan principle of fatalism condemns the Turkish Empire to an Asiatic immobility, and Asiatic immobility in turn condemns it to a gangrenous corruption, The principle of autocracy opposes an insuperable wall to all orderly progress. That organization of the family is a permanent cause of normal inferiority, which brings with it a multitude of permanent causes of political inferiority. One book only delivered to the perpetual commentary of a race very much given to theological arguments petrifies the intelligence and gives it all the rigidness of death. The causes which produced tne intellectual splendor of our Arabs in our fertile Andalusia have not been weil examined, Putting aside tho natural culture of that wondorful land—putting aside the mixture of races and of the great influence exercised by the in- digenous one, sometimes by its Christianized Moors and at others through its renegades, the fact 1s that a great part of that glory is due to the heterodoxy of the Western Caliphate, which opened the horizon to liberty of thought. And ‘after tho fail of the Caliphate it is due to those individual separate cities which wero converted, into schools and academies, The illustrious sages of Seville, as great astronomers as they were poets, who studied the secrets of the skies after the grace- ful Griselda, were grand heretics, But the present Mohammedan Empire of the cast of Europe is con- trasted by its orthodox rigidness with the fine betero- doxy and the continuous mobility of the ancient Mo- hammedan Empire of our privileged West, Thus itis that to the enterprise of the Arabian race in Andalusia a faith has succeeded which is truly Mongolic by its rigidity, its uncompromising attitude and its ab- surdity, With this faith the Turks may hope that the gates of Paradise will be opened to them, but they may also fear that the gates of the Bosphorus will be shut against them, EUROPE DECRERS TURKEY'S DEATH. Wherever the rebellion has reached the Sultan bas opposed its normal development in the conscience of Europe by the programme of his reforms. Wherever the rebellion has succumbed the Sultan has tried to avoid its renewal by a horrible forgetfulness of his word and by implacable cruelty.. The proof of tus may be manifestly found in the promises that were given at the time of the heroic insurrection of Crete andin the forgetting of those promises as soon as Crete fell under the weight of her misfortunes, not- withstanding the heroisin of her efforts. For this rea- son Western .Europe ought not to consent that the emancipation of the oppressed nations of the East should remain at the mercy of Russia, The ques- tion of the East ought to be regulated in such manner that Christian liberty should flourish without serving to revive Russian politics. The truth is that the Turkish Empire cannot continue. From the time of the irresistible impulse in the fourteonth and fifteenth centuries, in which it swept back its enemies and took possession of the East, it has fallen into a state of desolation, and out of its ruins, from its fragments and its miserable remains, in- numerable weak nationalities have arisen, imperfect and fragile. This movement of decomposition in Tur- key and of recomposition among her tributary nations condemns that despotic Empire irremediably to death, Turkish statesmen, accustomed to Oriental resignation, believe that’Europe will notcast them out of her bosom, because thoy aro made necessary by the awful subject of their inheritance and the insuperable difficulty of replacing them. The cardinals of Rome thought tho same, When they talked of the imminence of an assault upon the capital of Italy they raised a multitude of such religious, political and social obsta- cles as made the fall of the Pope impossible. And yet he feil, notwithstanding, and the difficulties have been vanquished with singular good fortune. Europe has decroed the death of the Turkish Empire, and the Turk- ish Empire must die, ENGLAND'S SHARE OP RESPONSIMILITY. That same England which sustained the necessity of maintaining the Turkish Empire appears to be com- pletely resigned to its death and prepared to console herself with a considerable portion of the inheritance. ‘Thus, she buys ata dear rate the balf of the Suez Ca- nal, and in this way enters the arena by a direct and active intervention in the problems of the East, It is already time that such an awakening should come to reveal before the world the existence of an interna- tional policy in old England, Her indifference had reached to such an extreme thas it seemed as if her own interests could not arouse her. All European mattets were settled either against her influcnce or in spite of it, She wished to intervene tn the difficulties between Poland and Russia, but did not dare. She wished to interfere in the differences between Denmark and Ger- many, bat did not dare, She wished to intervene in the differences between Turkey and Crete, but did notdare, Her only act of real international impor- tance consisted in tho restitution of the Ionian archi- pelago to its true nationality—Greece. Denmark, Austria and France were sacrificed without moving England. Tho treaty of Paris, which con- firmed the victories of her policy in tho East, was altered and the Black Sea received the Russian naval squadrons. That nothing should be wanting to this concourse of adverse circumstances there came the humilation of England before America, publicly confessed, in the protocols of the Alabama arbitration, People said that she was capable of leaving the mouth of the Rhine completely to the Germans, to the French the Scheldt, to the Spaniards the Tagus; consenting that | Holland should be annexed to Germany, Belgiam to | France, Portugal toSpain. A writer traced, in the form of | a popular novel, the imaginable but possible end of all this long decay; the irruption of the Germans, more | rapid and more victorious than the irruption of the | Normans, and the irreparable ruin of the English Em- pire. An anecdote, attributed to the German Chan- cellor, passed from mouth to mouth, which supposed him to have shrugged his shoulders at hearing the | name of England, and that he believed hor to have lost | her power and influence. This political extravagance greatly injured the radical party, and, of course, greatly served the conservatives. When you see an English Mberal and you ask him for the tilustrious statesmen of the party, he will answer by FEWAILING THE DEATH OF OLD PALMERSTON and assuring you that his illustrious successor, a great financier, great orator, great sage, of undoubted loyalty | | and unsullied honor, completely ignores foreign policy | and neglects British interests abroad, Many attribute this to the preponderating influence of the school of Manchester in liberal politics, a school which looks atonly one sido of things, the economical side, and that has only one motto, good enough in the sphere of scientific investigations, but grievously heavy in the sphere of practical business, ‘“pedce at any price,” a motto which, by its own simplicity, is inapplicable to a people whose interests have predominated over ideas and have been studied by the criterion of experience and sustained with traditional ability. Thus is is that {tm one of Disraeli’s most eplen- did speeches in favor of his own people and most calcu. feat his opponents, he asserted that both of parties had always distinguished them- selves in the struggle because the radicals always put the interests of other peoples before the interests of England, while the conservatives put their country before everything. On the pinions of this idea he raised himselfto the summit of power and took into bis hands the direction of English policy, which had been for such a length of time bound in the hands of the liberal party. But for the moment the trans- formation of Engtish policy did not appear better in any appreciable degree, notwithstanding the fall of the other European questions, without’ the British Empire being able to take the least part in that which most nearly touched its existence, Sud- denly the voyage of the Prince of Wales to India is ar- ranged. The passage throush Kgypt is converted into a political manifestation, a threat to mancuvre on the bauks of the Nile, Russia and Austria manwuvring on the banks of the Danube may be pictured im this. The purchase of a most important portion of the Suez Canal seems like a complete poli- Ucal programme, whose base is the necessity of Eng- Jand to sustain her preponderance on the seas and to strongly secure the road toward her Asiatic Empire by a direct intervention inthe great canal, an interven- tion which strengthens her property in the fortified town of Aden away in the Straits of Babel-Mandeb, which was taken in 1838, when the question of the East was revived; and the property also of the small island of Porim, in the Red Sea, occupied aud fortified in 1847, when it was seen that the Suez Canal was to be opened to the commerce of the world. DISRAELI’S SUB% CANAL SHARES, The purchase of this great number of shares, which were in the power of the Viccroy of Egypt and which constituted nearly half of the Suez company’s capital, has been very widely commented upon because tt represents a change in English policy. These same commentaries have been well studied because they pointed out with clearness the currents of public opinion in this most important of subjects, the Eastern question, At once the French newspapers deplored tbat their country, the creator of the project, should Tenounce 80 great @ participation in it on a mere seruple of economy, when the shares were offered to the government and were oven for salo in the market. The irritation pointedly increased on learning that the Proposition for the sale was rejected through a miserable buckstering and undignified sordidness which placed the bargain in the power of England. Tho German Empire, which leaves to Russia and to Austria great liberty in the East in exchange for ask- ing them im their turn great liberty in the West, looks upon the matter as if it wore solely mercantile, al- though its organs propose an international treaty that will secure the free passage of the Suez and will take xclusive preponderance there. The Austrian journals vacillate because of the vactl- lating position of their Empire and of the already an- cient uncertainty of its policy. They would wish, as is natural, an extension of their frontier in Mlyria, but they fear that the Slave people might neutralize the two preponderating clements of todlay—the German and the Hungarian, They would desire that Herzegovina and Bosnia should emancipate them- selves trom Turkey, but they fear that this emancipa- tion might augment the superior power of Russta, and carry it to create a Greco-Slavonic confederation favorable to that superior Power and injurious to Austria, Therefore, they do not view with an evil eyo that a great Western Empire shoula rise to arrest the absorbing and subjugating authority of the great East- ern Empire. RUSSIAN JEALOUSY OF BRITAIN, In Russia there are throe very powerful parties—tho orthodox party, the socialist. party and the imperial party. The recently persecuted socialists cannot ex- Press an opinion, but the other two parties express it with marvelously painful clearness, The orthodox people, at the head of whom is Katkoff, hate two nations in the world—Germany and England. if the Muscovite government was in their hands they would raise the purchase of the Suez Canal to the cat- gory of a cause for a European war, The imperialists, less ardent, would content themseves with saying that the step of England has aggravated the Eastern ques- tion, and that it would not be strange if to-morrow a grave resolution should be taken as to Turkey without her counsel or vote, in the same way that England has adopted a grave resolution in Egypt without consulting any one, The English newspapers lay aside all their quarrels to praise the secrecy with which the negotia- tious were conducted and the adroitness with which they have been concluded, the consequences favorable to the aggrancizement of Great Britain and the develop- ment of her commerce. There is only one exception to this chorus of praises; it 1s the exception of the journal which represents the economists, which says that this acquisition has been little lucrative. The in- fluence of the English government given to the statutes of the company az a shareholder is of little impor- tance; and the need of sustaining by arms these risky properties becomes each day more apparent. ‘Thus nobody is surprised that at the Fishmongers’ Hall ban- quet the commander of the British army should speak about the necersity of attending to the increase of the military forces, in view of the imminence of great con- flicts; that within ashort space Austria has edited the propositions of an arrangement with Turkey, with the necessity to obviate new complications. Trac, the tranquil harangue of the Emperor Alexander at the banquet of the Order of St, George has spread a breath of pence over these suspicions of war, although this har- angue is inspired with recollections direft as those of the Holy Alliance. M. LESSEPS’ PRESCIENCE AND TALENT. In this matter the person whe has remained highest in favor and who has received the greatest homage of public opinion is M. Lesseps, the genius who with his intuition divined and by his perseverance opened in the heart of Africa that marvellous communication be- tween Asia and Europe. His old opponents, the Eng- lish; those who thought his gigantic project was pure idealism, who denied him all resources; those who de- cided to oppose that rapid road to the Asiatic Indies, which was about to give an incontestable superiority to the nations on the bordérs of the Meaiterranean over the nations on the shores of the ocean, offer him to-day the premium due to genius, to valor and to constancy, and bind on him the crown of light which always succceds in every martyrdom to the crown of thorns! How did this superior man divine that Egypt would unite the East and West; Egypt, the land where Oriental genius was transformed, the school of the ancient Hellengs, the Ink uniting Greece with Asia, the sanctuary in which the seed of alt livefties and the idea of human personality com- menced to spring up, where that statue was begun that was to be alike the apotheosis and the consecra- tion of onr civilization? Where else were the oracle of philosophers and the observitery of astron- omers, the sublime incarnation of Alexandor’s genius and the extensive zodiac of the wisest thoughts? How did he come so to consider that nation, which, py "Thebes and Memphis, gathered into its bosom the en- tire East, and by Alexandria all the West; the nation who was’ the scientitic synthesis of ancient history, as Rome had been the political synthesis, the mysterious sibyl who called the inspirations of the Piatonte Verbum ito the bosom of Christianity ; the founder and the initiator of all the systems which have torn her se crets from nature, and the fire from the heavens ? How did he decide that Egypt is to be in the modern world, thanks to a few strokes of industry and a few efforts of sctence, the material snd visible baud which is to anite the continents? If this work had belonged to more heroic und more poctic times than ours, it would already wear the roseate hues of the poetry which gilded the voyage of the Argonauts, or the efforts of the first Homeric navigators. The sirens hidden be- neath the waves of the Mediterranean would now raise The other day | saw Lesseps, aud obs: rved him with the atiention due to ail men who are really extraor- dinary. He 1s originally trom the coasts of the Mediterranean, from those coasts which gave Marco Polo hfs daring and Christopher Columbus his genius, He has in his talent something of Mar- seilles, a mereantile colony of the ancient Greeks, and of Barcelona, the clty which sent her navies from Majorca to Sicily, from Sicily to Athens and Constanti- nople, augmenting by the light of her soul the bright stars of the Mediterranean. Marseillais by his father, Catalonian by his mother, he unites to the vit y of the Marseillais the thoughtfulness of the Cata- lonians. To these advantages of birth he adds pro- digious advan ‘8 of education, begun in Oriental palaces, under the shadow of the Pyramids, on the banks of the Nile, among the ruins of temples; on the sands of deserts which have consumed so many peoples and have exhaled so many jacas, where the phenomena of cach day see natural miracles, ad supernatural and marvellous events most natural. He spoaks, in addition to his national language, modern Greek and ancient Arabic; Catalan, as if he were still in. Barcelona; Spuaish, ‘as though he had not left Madrid, and that current jargon of our Southern mar- iners that you wili hear im all our. ports, and whicl appears 1ike the basis of an international languaze. Hearing him, you would think you heard a Cagliostro, and that, the one would be present at ali times in the other bas been present at every spot on our g Ho {s already advanced in age, bat his body is yet erect, Intelligence beams on his forehead, and between his eyes tenacity and persistency. The look is profound, the eyes watchful and black. His head is white, bis beard is white, and his cheek bas yet the bronzea mask put there by the sun of the deserta. How that man has tiled! An untiring traveller, a prolific writer, a fluent orator, a true poet, he has illustrious statesman who was accused of sacrificing it te the dogmatism of a school of economy. A REDUYY TO BRITE PowER. ‘When in the spring clouds of war showed themselves on the horizons of Europe—only to disappear again, thanks to the conjarations of diplomacy—those who were threatened felt thankful to Russia, to ltaly herself, to ail the nations, sooner than to England, The day in which British newspapers wished to gain public ‘esteem for these recent services to European peace, all the political organs of Germany at once replied that Groat Britain appeared to be like grent Carthage; that. her treasares and her material interests increased at the expense of her moral influence; that she could stooped like courtiers and he has stood erect like tribunes; he has dissimulated like a Florentine in the councils of kings, and has shouted hike adema- gogue in the assemblies of the peoples, Hehas drawn after bim believers with their mystical trans- rts and merchants with their commercial calcu- Fittons, involving them all in the magic of bis poctry. Thus and only thas has he broken t cal ol stacle which separated the waters of the Red from the waters of the Mediterranean, and within sight of Sinai, on the ground of the Israelitish wanderings, “There, where they defeated the slaves and drowned the people of Pharoah in the watery depths, he has main- tained the creative virtue par excellence, the virtue of his faith in the grandeur of his work, a virtue that has moved mountains and softened the rocks. LESSEPS AS A POETIC DIPLOMATIST. Thave heard him speak of Eastern landscapes’ with the poetry of Lamartine and of the results of the canal with the confidence of Cobden. Damas would envy him if he could hear him speak of his embassy to only combat like the Punic Senate, with mercenary soldiers, and that she could only count upon gold, but i ot bes ne inneah aietason francs annually to spend only barem, in hogsheades of A 8,500,000 in jewels, 700,000 for Brewood, $80,000 in bar Joy, near 5,000,000 im pepsions, 14,000,000 in the com. not upon blood; that her pride, like the pride of the ancient’ Phenecian city, would be easily humbled. Thus was the question of the East seen to Meyelop steels 49 cummplicale and oggrayatg Madrid by the side of Narvaez and the adventures of his immediate successor, Prince Napoleon Bonaparte, in an evil hour selected to represent the dawning of the Bonapartist Empire in the immortal town of the 2 of May, the worthy capital of the je who sustained a heroic for their liberty and i ndence, The account of bis relations with the Viecroy M Sold ghowp at each step « curious inclaeut which might + pear by its Oriental inspiration as if copied from biblical accounts or from Arabian tales, Nothing is more curious than the Viceroy’s railroad trip in Egypt, at the locomotive’s highest speed, flying from the resence of Lesseps in Cairo, for fear of losing ngland’s good opinion and of alienating the Sultan at Constantinople. Nothing is more graceful than the ob- servation of his successor, tho present reigning Khedive, when in that giddy and unbridled flight he said:—‘We run toueh more dangers than we would in seeing Lesseps.”’ How truly Oriental is that council of Ministers in which the Viceroy thundered in exag- gerated phrases against every canal project, and all the Ministers thundered with him excepting the Governor of Alexandria, who remained alone at the close of the session, and said:— “I understand, Your Highness, those imbeciles do not know that now the opening of the Suez Canal is settled, seeing that Your Highness ts more decided than ever to open it,"? ~ What grace there is in the request that a coach should be bought in Paris with soft, springy seats for the Viceroy and the Governor, and very uncomfortable seats near the window for bis two adulators! How turistic is this observation addressed by Said to “When thou comest to the palace and seest me with the stafl which thou hast presented to me speak to me about the canal, When Ido not carry the staf’ thou must not speak of it, no matter what may be thy hurry or interest.” In listening to the eminent innovator the entire East, which be has brought near our firesides, is seen and almost delivered into our hands, Glory to genius! Glory to labor! FRANCE, Tcome, in trath, very Jate, after these problems In the Kast, to the capital preblem to-day in the West, to the efforts employed by France in the foundation of her domestic regimen. “The Chamber of Versailles had proposed to establish a monarchy, and it has es- tablished a republic. The monarchical principle ex- acts a complete unity—the unity of power in whoever is to command and the unity of opinion in its turn among whoever ouzht to obey, In England the mon- archy is strong, because in the Court there are neither competitors for the throne nor a great number of re- publican partisans among the people. But in France monarchy is impossible, because three rival dynasties dispute for the power; while a people imbued with modern principles struggle to bring about at all costs the proper government of a true democracy, The Bourbons, with their white -banner, wish for a mon- archy which has disappeared in history, and has be- come like a fossil formation in the bowels of the earth. The Orieanists, with their tri-color flag, wish for some- thing yet more itapossible, a throne founded on repub- lican traditions, while the monarchical principle exacts atveritable aristocracy to surround it. partists pretend to a plebeian and soc ship, somewhat similar to Roman Cwsarism, with the army sbaring the throne and war flashing lightning like the bolts of Jupiter in his hand; a dictatorship tired twice with passing glory and ended in irreparable disaster and in doleful dismember- ings, and which could never be represented by a bo! and by a widow, responsible, whether they wiel it or not, responsible for Waterloo and for Sedan. From this situation of France a strange historical phenomenon follows—that the monarchists are in. the majority and the dynastists in the minorit: rtisans of monarchy certainly compose a Bee than the partisans of the Repup! But when it is attempted to bring this monarchy from the abstract to the concrete, from theory to practice, it is !rreeoncil- ably divided into fractions which render every solution impossible. And so atthe elections the doctrinaires, the old constitutionalists, have had in good or bad graco to adopt the Republic recognized by the powerful in- tuition of M. Thiers as the form of government indis- pensable to France, A REPURLIC FOUNDED RY MONANCHISTS. The Republic of krance has been founded by a par- Namentary majority, and this parhamentary majority has been in great part composed of monarchists. In- contestable truth! But from the moment when the resolution to abandon the monarchy was taken, the mouarchists who adhered to the repablicans should have showa their readiness to aid the Republic, al- though it might be only to raise the conservative spirit Ob its most incontestable basis, @ respect for the law. The designation of M. Buffet to pass {rom the position of President of the Chamber to the position of Presi- dent of the Council did not signify anything else. Tho policy which was laid down for them by the logic of their antecedents and by the force of their compro- mises was a concrete policy, capable of appeasing all jealousy and of destroying’ every uncertainty by a vigorous application of the principles contained in the fundamental code, Only by this title could they call their government a conservative government, ad- mitted that all conservative pohcy consists in affirming and strengthening acquired progresses, and in avoiding dangerous adventures, But M, Baffet had thought that the government of MacMahon Was worth more and represented more in the eyes of the world than the sincere proclamation of France gov- erning herself by republican institutions, and that to practice a constitution by right there was nothing hke delivering her to her most implacable enemies, to those who wish to substitute the Republic either by the Or- leanists or the To such a twisted interpre- tation of the constitutional fact a narrow theocratic spirit has been united, which, in its hallucination, would reach to converting this Republic, the daughter of Voltaire, into a Repanlic like that ot Paraguay or that of Ecuador, Thus all their care has consisted in separating their own people from the ma- jority who wonld vote for the constitution to carry them in the national oscillations of this Chamber, £0 die cvided into fractions, to a majority which wishes only to destroy the constitution by the bypoeritical means of & revision, tthe end of which to find newly the sorrowful periods of the restorations. \ has been proposed by the republican party has ed by the government of the Republic—scrutiny of the electoral lists, the election of city magistrates by their own municipalities, an immediate raising of the state of siege, a complete renouncement of official can- didature, a policy sincerely adhesive to the constita- tion and inspired by its fundamental principles, The government continued with so much eargestness its programme of constituting a monarchical majority to interpret the republican law that there now remained wo other hope but in the speedy dissolution of this Chamber and the immediate call upon the will of the country in her deputies. JULES SIMON ON THE SENATORIAL CONTESTS, But the election of Senators comes on! “And with the election of Senators comes the demonstration of the falsencss of M. Bu(fet’s policy, because it will be demonstrated how easy it was to govern with the united Left through love of the Republic, and bow dif- ficult to govern with the Right separated mto three monarchical parties by implacable anger and the inex. tinguisbable recollections of three rival monarch’ On the evening before the vote I saw, at his residence, M. Jules Simon, for whom I have an enthusiastic friend: ship, and who, as president of the faction ealled the republican. Left, waited for the representatives of the other parliamentary groups. 1 asked him if he thought that in the voting for Senators the monarchical Right would present against the repoblican Loft the compact legion which it had presented tn the Electoral law ond in the nomination of magistrates. “Tfear it much,” he replied, in a melancholy man- ner, as if taken possession of by legitimate and pat- motic anguish at seeing so many shadows in the horizon of the Republic, But I, a spectator in France, although an interested spectator, because greatly interested in the consolidation of her new institations, at a distance from the field of battle I could measure with more tranquillity, and, perhaps, with greater exactness, the difficulties, at times mereased through the smoke of the battles and by the ardor of the combatants themsolyes. tis cer- tain, [said to him, that the monarchists, in the vague- ness of a long cataloguo of reactionary aflirmations, will not be able to unite themselves on personal ques- tions for the election of Senators. Every monarebical party i8 @ personal party, be cause the worship of. the monarchy is the worship of one superior person and of all his fam- ily, The legitimists even now style General Bonaparte the usurper General; the Orleanists still hate the Bour- bon dynasty, and they cannot hope for much aid from pure monarchists of Bourbonist traditions~-those who voted the death of Louis XVL, who took back the fat inheritance of the Prince of Condé, who dethroned Charles X. and his dynasty, who dishonored the Duchess of Berry. These historic rivalries broke out on the monarchical Right, and they will give vie- tory to the republican Lett, gn all grave crises the same thing bas happened. The Repubtic has been founded on the divisions of the monarchist. In this ny hopes have not been untounded, my previsions have been completely realized, # THR PARTY SENATORIAL STRCGGLES, While the Right Contre and their brother factions arranged a jist from which they excluded the people of the Left, the anger of the monarchists broke out. The Bonapartists were going on the directive committee of the republicans, and they promised to vote for their list of Senators on condition that every name. who ad- hered to the Orleanists should be. expunged from it On their side the representatives of the old Bourbonist party bound theraselves to vote for the repre- sentatives of the Left on one condition—that there would be given to them a certain number of Senators superior to the importance of their strength, Both conditions were ovine with satisfaction, and both were Rape ae eed fulfilied. The Right Centre, the nucleus of the monarchical coalition, was lost; the policy of Buffet received its death wound; the necessity of a republican management was clearly demonstrated. The Duke de Pasquier, President of the Chamber, in favor of the voted constitution, received 4k great number of suffrages, and affirmed in a celebrated tonst bis firm purpose to assist in the definite establishment of the Republi, The legitimists, who had been com- promised with the wager) aye on the following days to the head of the lists, and gathered in the harvest of their ability and of their pradence. M. Litrée, the chiof of the positivist sehool, was named to this Catho- lic Chamber. And among seventy-five immovable Senators more than fifty will belong to the republican party and will serve the Republic with all fidelity. Such an event has ao immense importance, because it powerfully influences the approaching elections, upon which depend the complete transformation of France ana the fate of her democracy. Without doubt, in free America the contlicting poll- tics of Europe will be thought strange. In the midst of a democracy, in the bosom of a republic, with nearly all the functionaries elective, the supreme power re- movable, the pation sovereign, seventy-five Senators for life ate elected, who, remaining immovable in the midst of aniversal movement, might attain to the im- portance and to the power raached by the Council of Ten in ancient Venice. But et will not forget that the gen- erations born in a republic have the mission of perfect. ing it, Butéhe generations born under a monarchy must content themselves with founding arepublic. This form of government will come, sooner or later, to be the organism of liberty. And this organism will have to obey the principle of right and of justice in which necossarily itis inspired, Thus the imperfection of details should not be looked into, bat only the majesty of the whole taken together. And It is certain that ancient traditions are vanishing, that the old castes are crumbling, that divine right 1 giving place to human right, that liberty, democracy and the Repubhe form the sublime trilogy which to-day inspires the Latio tos od a and oe nar cae Ce scr 9 i contederation possessing all the briihaney: splendor * NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1876.-WITH SUPPLEMENT. PIGEON SHOOTING. CAPTAIN BOGARDUS KILLS NINETY-SIX BIRDS OUT OF ONE HUNDRED. Trento, N. J., Feb. 1, 1876. The sporting-inclined element of this city was, this afternoon, treated to an exhibition of Captain Bo- gardus’ skill with the gun. It grew ont of a novel match with gentlemen in Philadelphia to kill 100 pigeons; $100 even that he <xilied ninety birds, $50 against $100 that he killed nincty-five birds and $50 to $250 that he killed the whole 100 birds, The conditions otherwise were 21 yards rise, spring trap, 14{ ounces shot, ove barre! aud miss dre another bird, This city being selected for the trial base ball grounds were engaged and the event duly published, The desire to see the champion wing shot of America and the novelty of the undertaking brought together alarge crowd, many of them being from Philadelphia, Burlington, Bordentown, Bristol and other places within easy distance by railroad. There were rumors that the Society for the Preven tion of Crueity to Animals, prompted by Mr. Bergh, intended to interfere and prevent the shooting, but these fears wero groundless, as no interraption took Place, save by the spectators themselves, the majority of whom were about ill- mannered aud discourteous a set of fellows a8 is ever met away from a pugilistic contest. Any other man with less nerve and coolness than Bogardus would have been greatly bothered and confused by their crowding and pushing and disagree- able attention, though the latter was no doubt well meant, Like the erowd like the day, unpleasant, in- deed. It commenced to drizzle after one quarter of the birds had been trapped, and the mist soon resolved itself into a light rain, which continued to the close of the shooting. The birds were brought from Philadelphia by the noon train, the gentlemen who made the mateh with Bogardus, ‘together with their friends, also being on hand. The trap was adjusted snortly before two o'clock, and at the latter hour the sport commenced. Frank 8, Kieintz, of Philadelphia, and Scudder Hart, of this city, trapped the birds, while Miles Johnson, of Robbinsville, pulled the string, Mr. William Wells, of Burlington, ‘was chosen referee. The story of the shooting can be easily told, Ninety-six out of the 100 birds birds fell before the gun of the Captain, one of which dropped dead outside the boundary line, which, by the way, was about eighty yards. The ‘second, fourth, twebty-second, thirty-ffth and sixty-eighth were gathered by Jonnson, these being hit hard, yet having sufticient strength to carry the charges re” ceived fully itty yards. ‘The missed birds were tho ‘ty-sixth, seventy-eighth, eightieth and eighty-ftth, latter being the bird which fell dead outside o! boands. Once before Captain Bogardus essayed the Same feet, although under slightly different conditions. It was at Dexter Park, Chicago, July 21, 1869, when he succeeded in killing the entire 100 birds in 100 suc- cessive shots, He then loaded as he pleased and chose to use 2.02 shot, His shooting to-day was with a Scott ten gauge breech-loader. ™ SUMMARY. Trenton Base Bai GRoUxDSs, TRENTON. N.J., Feb. 1, 1876.—Match of Captain Bogardus with Philadelphia partios, that he kills 100 pigeons—$100 even that he kills ninety birds, $50 against $100 that he kills nincty- live birds, to $250 that he kills the whole hun- dred birds; 21 yards rise; 80 yards boundary; spring trap, 144 02 shot; mistire another bird. Bogardus—1 11.1 1,111141,11111,11111, 1V21, 211511 ERLULALL 11 Total, 160, ime of shooting, Th. 3 Referee, William’ Wells eee 1 1 > Tt The National Rifle Association met yesterday after- noon im the Bennett Building. Colone! Wingato introduced a resolution, which was adopted, the substance of which is that all rifle associa- tions or clubs practising in accordance with the rules of the National Rifle Association may, by annually paying to the Treasurer the sum of $25 and torwarding to it a copy of their by-laws, the names and addresses of its oilcors and the number of its members, become enti- tled to the following privileges :— First—To annually wominate ten of thoir members, who | shail be entitled to all the privileges of annaal members of | Htifle Avsoctution during its spring and fail ings, and for one week prior to each of such meetings. Secont—To bave the names and addresses of their officers and the scores made during the year in their two principal assvelation, company, club or troop matches, to be certitled as correct by their secretary, printed in ewes’ annual report of the National Rifle Association, and to receive twenty-five copies of such report, to be forwarded to their secretary without charge. Third—To send one delegate, or, In cass of associations or clubs having a membership of over fifty, a delegate for every fifty members in good standing upon their roll, to confer with the Directors of the Natignal Ritle, Association at a eonven- tion to be held in the city of New Yotk, in the month of May in exch year, aud as near the spring meeting as possible, in "ito the rules and fall meeting programme and ¥ general interests of rifle practice in America, ‘The spring meeting will begin on. May 25, matches will be shot, THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS, During the past week tae Commissioners of Charities and Correction report four women and thirty-nine men were sent to the Penitentiary. In the same period fourteen women were sent to the Female Lunatic Asylum and thirteen men to the New York City Asylum. An application from the Ladies’ Homaopathic Guild, asking for the establishment of a ward for children in the hospital on Ward’s Island, was denied, the Board noe that the children should be seat to Randull’s sland, THE SINGING PREACHER. MORE ABOUT THE TROUBLE WHICH HAS COME UPON THE REV. FRED BELL. The charges which have been made against the Rev. Fred Bell, “the singing preacher” of Brooklyn, and upon which he wason Monday night suspended from the pastorate of the Primitive Methodist church, were yesterday pronounced in a very strong fashion by Mra Morrie, the invalid wife of Mr. William J. Morris, who, with her husband, was a member of Mr. Bell’s congre- gation, Mrs, Morris said to a reporter “Mr. Bell has said very, very hard things against me. Ob, sir! do you think I could lie here on my dy- ing bed and tell a falsehood ’—that my lips would utter alie? He did it, justas I have said he did, and Mr. Bell knows that I have told the truth. I never denied it, as he says did, When he came home to see me, L vegged and prayed him to confess what be had done. Bat he said he couldn’t. [said vo him, ‘You know it ig so.’ * Yes,’ he said, ‘I know it is 80, but you must deny it.’ If I would only deny it he said he would do anything under God’s heaven for me; if I did not he would be arujned man. He would have to go out into the world plain Pred Bell, and that he could uot do.” “When did Mr. Bell say this?” “He catne to me on the morning of the day the trus- tees were to be here to hear my statement. He wanted to put ofthe meeting until four o'clock, thinking, doubtless, that I would not be so well at that nour as 1 ‘was in the morning, but I would not consent to any postpdnement. So the trustees came. One of thom watched him and one of them watched me. I told the truth and he denied it. ‘Do you mean to s: Lasked him, ‘that you neversaid those words to me ?’—I never could repeat them to you. ‘Yes,’ he said, ‘I do.’ ‘Look me in the eye,’ I said, ‘and say that you never uttered them.’ Hecguid not do it; but, with his eyes fixed on the floor and bis face as scarlet as that table cover, he repeated his denial. He is black’’—and here tho sick woman’s voice was harsh and unnatural—he is biack, black-hearted as the stove yonder." one often was Mr. Bell in tho habit of visiting Seven y “He used to come about twice a week; generally on Wednesdays and Fridays.” “Tn the day time?” “Always in the ‘afternoon, when I was alone.” “Did he pray with you?” “Only once,” “Did he ever act toward Me a8 a pastor ?’” “Never after the firat call.'’ ‘How long was it before anything improper took Place t’” “About three weeks. Then be began to inquire whether I told my husband everything that took place and to fee! big Way like. Finally, he came out with, bis infamous pi ls And when I refused him he struck his hand down and said, ‘My God! You are the first woman that ever refused me. THERE ARE A DOZEN WOMEN in the church who woald not do itt’’’ Mr. Beil indignantly denies each and every aspersion againgt bis character and invites the fujlest investiga tion by the Primitive church trustees, His case will be considered on next Monday night, A CHURCH PURGING ITSELF, Ammerman Wright, of Whitestone, L. f., who was charged about ten days ago with violating the person of Emma Reilly, a girl of twelve years, and who will be tried for rape in March next, was yesterday sum. moned before the Methodist Episcopal church, of which x wer the charge, ‘The Rev. Dn Trere and a namber of the bm | members of the charch constituted the tribunal, right wag in at- tendance, accompanied by his son-in-law, a lawyer from Westchester county, who acted as his counsel. The mother of the littic girl and a young man, named Hains, testified to the commission of the outrag After a short consultation it was unanimously decide: to expel Wright from the chureh, Tho latter gave no- vice would carry the case toa higher jribapal, NEW JERSEY CHURCH SCANDAL, ‘West New York, in New Jersey, has its church sean- dal, It appears that Mrs. Eikolman has deserted her old church, the Lutheran, of which the Rev, Mr, Burchard {is pastor, and refuses to receive longer as her spiritual adviser, Sho bas now the other Lutheran church, The reason given er secession from church No 11s that Pastor Burchard suggested to her in an insulting manner that there was little chance of her going to heaven. Thi Mr, Burchard denies having wh Jity has spru Meanwhile great er ia J. de two monte aro Lare and $e tinued their nsual rates. Yorkers concladed that their interests wero suffering and that only a resumption of old rates could serve them. parties concerned, who are grain dealers and at the same time interested in elevators, agreed to purchase no grain after the lst of February, unless on the three. quarters of a cont basia, and to charge that sum to other parties if called upon to elevate or weigh for them On the reception of this announcement the grain receivers convened and resolved to reject the in- creased rates. Considerable difficulty was anticipated yesterday tn the Produce Exchange, as the new rule was jobbers and the receivers would ‘mise bofore long. the receivers drew up a new rates, whieh bore the names of the most receiving concerns upon iy several signatures were appena jad not hesitated grain upon the a of considerable discussion at the yesterday afternoon, andatrade difference out of it was s arbitration, THE ADVISORY COUNCIL. Plymouth church has completed the list of charchet and clergymen who are expected to form the Congre gational Advisory Council to be beld in Brooklyn, of the invitation of that church, on the 16th inst. Th( names are given below, In all there are 172 churche invited and tweaty mmisters without churches, which will form the largest council ever held im the sect it this country to consider questions proposed by pan ticular churches. Its members will represent tht Congregational Church in each of the New Englané and Middle State: and in all tue Western States as fat as Missouri. A notable feature of the list is that if embraces about twenty churches whose organization dste between 1632 and ‘1696, and as many more that were founded before the Revolutionary War, Plym outh church pays all expenses of the pastors ang Gelegates invited. Questions are to be submit which, though Jocal ip origin, are of interest to wet cburch in the denomination; questions touching th¢ essential elements of Congregational polity, and im Volving Ue proper authority of a church over itt Membereh\p, the liberty of the local church, and th¢ relatious which exist between meighboring churchet by reason of church fellowship, The churches an ministers invited ar From District of Columbia—Washington, First Con« gregational church From Vevnsyivauia—Philadelphia, Central Congred gational church; Vittsburg, Welsh Congre church, From New Jersey—Newark. First Congregational church, Belleville ‘avenue church; Chester, First Orange, Trinity charch First Orange Valley, Orange Vi Monte clair, First church; Jersey City, From New York—Binghamton, Virst church; Ho» mer, First church ; Canandaigua, First church ; First church; Pulaski, First church; Owego, Firs church; Norwich, First church; Seneca § church; Poughkeepsie, First church; Alt church ; Lockport, First church; Utica, Welsh Congres gational church; Newark Valley, First church, From Connecticut—New Haven, First cburel Dwight place church; Hartford, South church, Pea street church, Asylum Hill church; New Loudon, Fir church; Norwich, Second church; Farmington, Fir: charch; Unionville, First church; Stamford, Fi ebur Bridgeport, First church; Stonington, Firs First church; Milford, First church; Stratiord, Fi church; Middletown,’ First church; Meriden,’ Fir church} New Britain, First church; Derby,’ Fi church} Waterbury, Second church; "Danbury, First church} Willimantic, First eburch;’ West Killingly, First church; Brooklyn, First church; Rockville, Fir: church; Bristol, First church; Bethe], First churehy Cheshire, First church ; Manstield, First chureh ; South« port, First church; Norwalk, First church ; South Nore church} Mystic Bridge, First church; Old re | waik, First chureh; Fair Haven, First church ; Winsted, First’ church. From Massachusetts—Boston, Old South churel Mount Vernon church, Berkley street church, Walni avenue chu Jamaica Plains church; Cambri North avenue church n, Central ehurch; B Une, Harvard chureh; Lowell, Kirk street church Lawrence, Eliott church; Framingham, Plymouth church; Plymouth, Chureh of the Pilgrimage; News Porm Whitefield church; Hyde Pi 3 al cuurct; Salem, South church; church; — Wakelield,’ Congregational New ‘Bedford, Trinitarian church; Ded First chureh; Woburn, First ehurch; Amesbury, First church ; Methuen, irst church; Worcester, First ehureb, Salem str wurch; Fitchburg, Calvinistio church; Holden, First chureh; Groveland, First church; Clinton, First Evangelical church; Wate, East church} Spencer, First church; Milbury, First chure! Palmer, Second church; Brimield, First church; Hi liston, First church; Chicopee Falls, Second church; Northampton, Edwards church; Kast Hatpton, Pays son church; Westfield, Second church; Hadley, kus- seli church; Conway, First church; Holyoke, Second chareh. From Rhode Islana—Providence, Beneficent church, Union church, Central church; Pawtucket, First church; Central Falls, First church. From’ Maine—Portland, High street church, Plym- outh church; Bangor, Central church, Hammond street church; Augusta, South church; Lewiston, Ping street church, From Ni Hampshire—Concord, Sonth church; Portsmouth, First church; Dover, First church; Man-* chester, First ehure'! Vermout—Windsor, First church; St. Jobnsbury, South charch; Burling: t church; Montpelier, First church; Middle- bury. First church; St. Albans, First church, From Obio—Cleveland, Euclid avenue church, First chureh; Columbus, First church; Mansfield, First chureh; Painesville, First caurch; Cincinnati, Vine strect charch, Welsh church; Mount Vernon, First charch; Harmer, First chu: From Indiana—Indianapolis, Mayflower church, Plymouth church; Terre Haute, First church; Michigan City, First chure! From Michigan—Grand Rapids, First charch son, First church; Kalamazoo, ‘First chure First chureh. From Ilinois—Chicago, Plymouth chureh, Forty- Ratlan: : ack. Flint, Seventh street church, Leavitt street church; Spring- field, First chureh; Galesburg, First church; Lombard, First church; Beardstown, First church;” Rockford, First church; Winnebago, First church; Kigin, First church ; Moline, First church; Kewaunee, First churgh; Champaign, First chureh; Quincy, First’ church, From Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Olivet church; Beloit, First church; Fond du Lac, First church; Madison, First church. From lowa—Bnrlington, First charch; Grinnell, First church; Waterloo, First church; Decorah, First church; Des Moines, Firat church; Davenport, Firsw church. From Minnesota—Minneapolis, Plymouth church; St. Paul, Plymouth church, From Missouri—St, Louis, First Trinitarian church, Pilgrim cuurch; Hannibal, First church, From Kansai—Lawrence, First church; worth, First church; Topeka, Firs} church, Ministers without charge—Rev. Leonard Bacon, D. D., New Haven, Conn. ; Rev. h_ Porter, D. Day President Ya'e College; Kev. Timothy Dwight, D. Dy New Haven, Conn. ; Rev. George P. Fisher, D. D., New Haven, Coun. ; Rev. C. B. Hulbert, D. D., President Mid- diebury College, Vt; Rev. Alonzo H. Quint, D. D., Do- yer, N. H.; Rev, Enoch Pond, D. D., Bungor Theologteal Seminary; Rev. Lyman Abbott, New York city; Rev, Sainuel Woicott, D. D., \Cleveland, Ohio; Rev. J. H. Fairchild, D. D., President Oberlin College, Ohio; Rev, A. L. Chapin, D. D., Beloit College, Wis, ; Rev, John 8. C, Leaven- Abbott, D. D., Fairhaven, Conn; Rev. Joshua M. Chamberlain, Towa College, Grinnell, tow: Hyde, D. D., Chicago Theological Seminary ; W, Andrews, D.D., President Marietta College, 5 Rey, Julian M, Sturtevant, D. D., President Ilinow College, Jacksonville; Israel vr. Warren, D. D., Lewiston, Me.; Rev. Henry Clay Trumbull, Philadel phia, Pa’; Rev, Henry M> Storrs, D. D., New York; Rev. Jawes W, Strong, President Carlton College, Northfeid, Mien, THE GRAIN ELEVATORS, THE INCREASE OF RATES BY SOME ELEVATING COMPANIES AND HOW IT WAS RECEIVED. Recently the domestic grain and feed companies igs sued a circular announcing that on and after the 1st day of February the old rates of elevation would bo resumed. Prior to June last three-quarters of a cont per bushel had been charged for elevating grain and three-quarters of acent for weighing it: but at that time the New York and Bullalo companies entered into an agreement with tho State Logisiature to reducp their rates to one-half a cent provided canal tollago would be equally lowered. This the Assembly com. mittee, charged with attending to such matters, agreed to, the cost of transportation on the canuls was de- creased and the grain companics were looked to for the observance of their contract, The New York companies, it is alleged, made the reduction, but the Buffalo firms for the most part con- Recently many of the New The circuar was accordingly msued and the Without dowbt to be enforced, audit was thought that the change, would lead to serious complications. A Heraty reporter yesterday visited several of tho piers where grain elevators were — moored and in most cases found work in progress as usual. He inquired about the iaborers? interest in the matter, and found that the rates of their wages were entirely disassociated from the case, Their hire 1s now precisely the same as it was before the reduction of elevating rates, and no increase ig likely to affect them. He learned bore that the grai shippers, who bave no interest in common with the Jobbers, do not recognize the pew rates, and that com- panies engaged simply in elevating and weighing, with. out besotning purchasers themselves, continue their old prices. He was told by several people conn with the bnsiness that the rate difficulty could hardly. be productive of any serious harm to trade int and that it was very probablo that the grain elevatit make some don investigation that alt Thi rter loun " neanes paper resolving to decline whasis, The matter was ‘he subject! ain fog ‘ abjected to the Committees on _ ANOTHER COAL COMBINATION, ‘i reported yesterday, on good authority, that