The New York Herald Newspaper, January 31, 1876, Page 6

6 a THE WAR WN DER ovIN Brutal Rage and Turkish, fanaticism Against the Cause of ‘Christianity. How the. Porte Conducts Its Military Operations. Women and Children Suffer from : the Cruelties. A Call for Union Under the Sym- bol of the Cross. We have received from a trustworthy source, a ‘clergyman of the Greek Church, the following details ‘ef the war operations which are being conducted by the Turks with such terrible effect against the Christian population in Herzegovina. It is a tale of horror. Men, women and children seem not to have been ex- empt from the cruel and brutal rage of Turkish fanaticism, and it i claimed that all Christians, whether Catholic of Protestant, are called upon by a common interest aad a common bumanity to utter a protest that shall be effective in putting an end to such a mode of warfare, The matter is taken from reports given by the delegate in Croatia and Dalmatia of the International Committee for the Wounded and Refu- gees of Herzegovina and Bosnia to His Eminence Lord Machael, Archbishop of Belgrade, Metropolitan of Ser- via, President of the Committee, SUFFERINGS OF THE CHRISTIAN POPULATIONS UNDER TURKISH PERSECUTION. Racusa, Jan, 4, 1876. My Lonp—How can I tell Your Eminence how over- joyed 1 was when, on my return from Montenegro, I Hound the first. considerable sum: sent through the medium of Mr. Krascowsky, the director of the news- per, the Goloss, and delegate of the International Boinniittee u Russia? Until then always had to read and to hear of the gifts for the re(ugees, and at the | same time to be a witness to all their wants and their sufferings. I wrote whenever I could, “Pray send me | and bodily help, however small; it will be of little use to send it whon the misery is too deep to cure.” tions have at just been listened to. THE FIRST WANT of those unfortunate people is to be protected from the cola. Warm blankets can be used as beds, mattresses and clothing; but how is it possible to get them for such a quanuty of people when the commonest blankets cost a high price? finding a solution to this problem, when I heard the military Intendance in Dalmatia’ had considerable stocks of blankets, declared to be out of use for the Soldiers, although they were still good enough for the refugee& 1 have asked and got lei They are sold by weight, at the rate of sixty kreutzers ® pound; their price depends upon the quality of the wool. 1 have resolved upon buysng about four thou- gand blankets. I think of buying a little later all that is in the storehouses of the Intendance. The blankets will be divided between the poorest in Dalmatia and Montenegro, SCHOOLS, ‘There isamong others one of these wanta which is, according to my ideas, as necessary as tood and lodg- fg. It is the education of the young victims of the war who have been violently torn irom their homes and deprived of paternal care.) step in that dyrection has been taken in Rag y Father Novak ovitoh, who has begun to assembie the children of the refugees in order to give them the first rudimeats of in- | ruction, The children are not shut up in narrow | pe thanks to the southern climate of Ragusa the | instruction takes place in the open air, on the terraces of the fine garden surrounding the Servian church, They are grouped picturesquely aound the little boys | and girls from Ragusa who have been appointed as their | teachers. In one of the groups they are taught reading | in Servian and Slavonian, 1 another the recitation of | the pater noster or the credo; some of them can even write, All that they know they have learned bere, AWAY PROM PERSSCUTION. You have heard, my Lord, of the sudden emigration pf the whole population of Fopovo-Polie, terrified by tbe murder of seven notable Christians, Except Raono, not one village in the district has kept its in- babitants. The houses are destroyed, all the property pillaged, and there are 3,500 or 4,090 people more who | fall to our care. The greatest agglomeration im in the | parish of Ossolnik, six miles northwest of Ragusa | As soon as I heard of it I went there, and I have col- ‘ectea the most precise DETAILS. There are 2,300 refugees; 1,107 are entered upon the | parish register and receive subsidies from government; ‘be rest (1,193) are still in the mountains close to the Turkish frontier without either lodgings or help. Fearful things are told of their flight. For instance, a woman with achild in her arms ran away in such a Mate of terror that scarcely had she passed the frontier when she fell down without knowing where she was; the next day she was found ey in the water, Three pthers are said to have perished from hunger and cold. L have asked the worthy Catholic parsou of Ossoinik to | jake charge of the distribution of relief to these poor | ple; he has the same geart for all, Catholics or reeks, without distinction. We shall do what we can to belp him in his difficult task and we hope that gov- srnment will not be long in taking efficacious measures Jo insure the living of these new refugees. T have assisted with my small means several of them | who bad come away with three, four and even six | orphan children suffering from’ cold and hunger 1 | have given 120 complete suits of clottfes, 500 blankets, | 150 pairs of shoes, and I have ordered 300 more suits of Hothes and 300 blankets, but all that is very little for 4,000 people, THE WOUNDED. Last week there were two battles. After the first | thirty-seven wounded men were brought in on our | tide, two among them severely wounded, We are still | iting tor news of the second. The emigration is very strong in the valley of the Lik. | TERSONAL INSPECTION, On.my return from my journey to Metkovitch, where | made as sure asi could of the distribution of the nds by the agents that I had chosen, and after hav- ing given the superintendence in Dalmatia to the dele- Sassistant, Baron Gondola, I started on a journey | Montenegro. I went trom Ragusa to Cattaro on poard one of Lioyd’s steamers. I jound at the latter | yewn horses for myself and baggage, and an escort of | por of the Prince’s guard (Perianniks) sent to meet | by the government of Montenegro. One of the | ince’s aides-de-camp came to receive me at Cettigne. found the number of refugees which had been given we by some ope in office sent thither on a mission from | sovernment to be correct, NEW YORK the advice of my assistant, a in Slano, who pnt according to the Chief of the district, to com- ime all’ guarantees, I assigned bim bis expenses, I try to bring to such an effectual sonedy, 06 mush as can be done, But it is still impossible to have what no organization can take the place of—resources in proportion with the wants. Your Eminence has laid the foundation by sending me part of the sum receivea from Paris, It isto be that from everywhere gifts may be Sent where most urgently wanted, without waiting for the subscriptions to come up to a certain amount ON THE RIVER SAVE. a The Save separates near Tassenovotz from the Tura ish frontier, and flows entirely in Aystria. Prom vgtat I gathered wo tree of the emigrants yom tied along the Unna ie she Spaagie Formed by Dou- bitza, tva apd Detrinm This is why 1 pro- Costaini ferred leaving the steamer and running through these landed at wnOvats ut half-past three jas Dy until” hglf-past five A. M. able get a country cart, My supplica- | I was almost in despair at | the delegate of Your Eminence everything, I passed to buy them. | best home that could be found for the’ poor people, | 1s to prosent the relation of the scientific investigations | that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments are There are in all 50,000, of | Darwin, Huxley and others. | around,” and so start for Doubitza and Costainitva Dur- img the whole time 1 witnessed the flight of emigrants from beyond the Unna, in boats, or @ise by swimming or on foot. Often on the opposite banks ‘Turks appeared, who pursacd the fugitives and fired at them Balls reached them sometimes in the middle of the river, and even fell upon our road. With an opera glass 1 saw a boat full of women and children that seemed to be sinking, At Agram I found that it was only too true, and there I also heard this other in- cident—the same day a large boat full of Beople reached the Austrian bank of the river after being fired at, all red with blood. On the steamer I was told that nino corpses had been geen headless near Sviniar, between Brod and Gradishka. Beyond Doubitza I saw bodies floating on the water he jess, and clothed in women’s garments, People told me that a few days before so many corpses had been floating about that the air was completely intected. 1 cannot say whether it isin consequence of the complaints of the inhabitants, or thanks to the Austrian authorities, but I am able to assert that no more bodies are thrown into the water, and some have even been taken out I wished to secure honorable burial for these corpses, and I de- cided to go to the Turkish Costainitza, contrary to ad- vice, but my visit effected nothing. VISIT TO THE RRVUGKES AT RAGUSA, Close to the eastern gates of the town of Ragusa, on a rather steep slope of the mountain which here comes dowa toward the sea, 1s a large court surrounded by half crumbling wal in the middie of it stands a toun- tain, jot paved nor even levelled; here and there rise rocky masses among which aloes are growing; behind, an immense building, long and low, asortof shed or depository. Both were used at tho time of the independence of Ragusa as a pest lazaretto, It is now a refuge for those who are visited by perha) greater misfortunes than the plague. Thanks to the mild and beautiful weather, a real heavenly favor, | which does more toward preserving thousands of lives of these unfortunate people than anything that men | ean do, the whole court was filled with picturesque | | groups of women and children, The companions of their misfortune, the animals which had followed them, could be seen among them. The red headdress on the raven hair, the long white veils hanging behind naturally energetic features, which had become more expressive leva (2 the moral | suffering of the last few days; | | above, the blue, cloudiees sky, and the whole scene strongly lighted ‘by the rays of’ the morning sun—all that seemed a natural picture, and only waited for the | | artist, 1 could not help thinking of the Bible scenes | and of Gustave Voré’s pencils. Then came the thought | of the intense misery which took the place of all others. Accompanied by two ladies and the secretary of the committee of Ragusa, who had the charge of showing through those groups and I entered THEIR ABODES. Long, low voutes,a dark and smoky place, the bare ‘ound, with large stones for a flooring, such was the even in such an important place, for the country, as Ragusa, Cattle were there as weil. ‘You find this horrible,” said Baron Gondola, the Secretary of the Ladies’ Committee in Ragusa, when he saw how shocked 1 was; ‘but, believe me, it is still the best shelter | for them; they can light a fire and warm themselves | Sure enough women were cooking some kind of black broth for the little children that were in their arms of hiding behind their skirts. Others who were sick were lying on the ground without even @ covering. In one corner of this enormous building we saw a small cradle, before which sat, motionless, a | young and handsome woman, When questioned by the ladies, who knew her well, she did not answer. One of them lifted the coarse woollen blanket, and then we saw a little baby, with curling bair, plump, dimpled | cheeks—a smile was still lighting his pretty face; but he did not belong to this world. The mother’s sister came and told us that the child, who until then was merry and bright, had begun to'be ill; the mother thought of getting medicine, but she wanted the price. She went and asked it from all her neighhors, but none had it. When she came back the child was dead. GROSS NUMBER OF THE SUFFERERS. 1 do not think itis necessary to give the numbers pertaining to each tocality; their total number, accord- ing to oflicial authorities, is about 6,400 im the district of Ragusa, These are really the most fortunate; thev are taken care of wk the ladies’ committee and by the authorities. But there are other places upon which I | could not get any very exact information; even the | authorities cannot, with the best will in the world, say anything Vgrovahad For instance, the reports of the Village of Metkovitch are very contradictory; some Lanes! of 10,000 retugees, others on the contrary assert at they don’t even come up to 1,000, Buteverybady agrees to speak of it as the most miserable place in ail | Dalmatia, It is even reported that the assistance sent | by government and private people does not reach its | destination; thence famine.and sickness. It isin that direction that help must first of all repair. SCIENCE IN ENGLAND. i A REVIEW OF MR. CONWAY'S LECTURE, To Tux Epitor or THs Herato:— The permanence of truth and the unity of its advo- cates are seen in the harmony between true mon ot sci- ence and the adherents of every branch of the Chris- tian Church when vital religious principles are per- verted by theories of the day. As Newton and La Place, Usher and the Benedictines were one in their labor of love for truth, so are the searchers after truth now. | The manifest design of Mr, Conway in his late lecture | of English evolutionists to religious truth. The two main points brought into view are these:—The funda- mental view of natural religionists, that there is a per- sonal Creator, and the starting point of Christians, the revealed word of that Creator. The lecture, in Mr. Conway's attractive rhetorical | grouping, presents the method by which science at- tains to truth, and three applications of this method— first, to the discoveries of deep buried skulls and arrow | heads, which seem to indicate the existence of man in ages extremely remote; second, to the chronology recorded in the books of Moses; and, third, to the theory of evolution developed in modern times by whom 208 are wounded, 20,000 bave already gone back yo the Mmterior and 30,000 are on the frontier. Un the jay of my leaving, the Diréctor of the Interior came bad taken refuge in the districts of Baniaai and the pastern part of Nikchitch, whither the Turks have not yet penetrated, pass through ibe beginning of winter. Consequently, it is estimated that the possible number of visitors for the people of Montenegro will be from 70,000 to 75,000; some even ‘ay that there will be 100,000, THE RULER OF MONTENEGRO. The Prince of Montenegro, already adored by his bjects, has become still more popylar in consequence. They admire and thank him for b riotic resolution, Phe peopic do even more than that. Those who have bwo houses (if such they can be called) give the larger and better one to those in need of shelter and content | themselves with the smaller and move cramped one for their own use, AT GRAKMOVO AND AT BRLOPAVLICHI | the-inhabitants have given the refugees absolutely all | tbat bg) 8 nee omen fate as | developed. Alluding to the statement of an American | to tell me of the arrival of another 1,000 persons, They | author that first the Pope, then the Bible, and now | »xpect more and more, inasmuch as al! the families that | Huxley and Darwin, have come to be regarded in- | fallible, he says Montenegro at | proved knowledge.” Every sincere seeker for trath | ence is systematized knowledge, that alone is to be ac- | what is “actual and proved knowledge,” he quotes | ‘The principle of the trae method in science is thus true science is simply actual and | responds to this statement, and must admit that, as sci- cepted as science which is “actual and proved knowl- | e.”” Prior, however, to this definition, as if to hint | Emerson's ‘last book”’ to the effect that every general- HERALD, ™,ONDAY, JANUARY 3i, 1876.-WiITH SUPPLEMENT. Doubtless, too, an F what the commo’ grain heap the ogtish lord might not understand 4 mamec domt. thal, as Sewne a ast bushel gives a greater depth than the second {i | se centre of the pile, so the annual ac- pn #@ superfices of a cone of gravel brought epg by @ winter torrent is not the same in the UP" a ss in tho lower stratum. — Practical io %. Aus have followed up tho logic of such calcula ton* , and have felt that the ‘imagination’ is not al ass the test of “actual and proved knowledge ” #¢ same suggestion as to the Kent cave case comes at @moe to the thought of one accustomed to thread American as well as European caves, and to observe ‘tho law of accumulation on a stalactite and stalagmite. The lower part of the stalagmite is, of course, the place where the dripping water and its limestone solution restand form a deposit; amd there the arrow heads, ofcourse, are found buried. The inscription, on the other hand, upon the side of the stalactite is cut whero the accumulation 1s always slowest, and is finally almost arrested by the enlarging surface over which the dripping is diffused. Mr. Conway’s scientific method is secondly applied to the chromology of the Old Testament, the history of which he does not trace. Shortly after the issue of King James’ versjon of the Old and New Testaments Archbishop Usher carefully collated the mention of years running through the Old Testament hwtory; in 1654 he published bis ‘‘Chronologia Sacra,” and soon its deductions were inserted in the received version. Sub- sequently the suggestion, at a later day elaborated by shat the dates as changed by the Greek trans- lators under the Ptolemies, and in partadopted by Josephus under the Cwsars, came into competition with “Usher's Chronology,” drawn from the Hebrew originals, About century after Usher, when he had completed bis “Principia,” Sir Isaac Newton devoted thirty years to the study of chronology, regarding this, because of its moral importance, the great work of his life. With a patience greater than his years of math- ematical calculations for the ‘Principia’ had required he went over all known history of eclipses and other marked phenomena recorded in Asiatic chronicles and in European histories, fixin specially upon the eclipse calculated’ by Thalos during the Persian war on tho Greek colonists in Lydian He established from a com Ison of Hebrew manuscripts kept separate since Christ’s day among Christians and Jews (he demonstrated fact that the chronology of the Hebrew original, as distinct from the Greek translation, must be accepted as his- toric, and thus he sustained Usher's chronology of the Mosaic history, and confirmed and modified in the less distinct statements of later Hebrew bistorians, His work, dedicated in a spirit that marks the good and great man just before his death, appeared in 1728, A century later, under the supervision of La Place, and as his mathematical calculators the brothers of an en- tire convent of Benedictine monks, with Clement as their head, calculated for the great astronomer all the eclipses of the sun and moon that must have occurred back to B. C. 1000. After completing their work for gecience they applied it to Bible chronology, and in thirty-three octavo volumes their work, entitled “L) Art pour Verifier des Dates des Faits Historiques,” was published in Paris in 1819. They ‘‘verified,”” as their title indicated, Newton’s latter work, as did their scientific master, La Place, his former work, At this same era Egyptian explora- tion, begun under Napoleon and conducted by Cham- poilion and Rosellini, was exciting attention. One of the ablest collaters as well as explorers was Sir Gardner Wilkinson, whose five largo volumes appeared in 1847, one point of which labor was a careful and logical veri fication of *‘Newton’s Chronology.”” In 1846 and 1847 Lepsius as an explorer and Bunsen as a historian be- gan the study of chronology as revealed by the monu- ments of Egypt. In 1848, before his data were digested, Bunsen published the first of a series of volumes, the last of which did not appear till 1867. The hasty’ pos. tulates of his first volume—beginning with the expres sion, “The scientific assumptions and views with which 1 set out’’—Bunsen regretted before his labor of was completed; for he was led to theso First, all the dates of Hebrew chronology back to So1omon, as verified by Clement, were indisputably confirmed. Second, Moses was a reliable and the only reliable historian of .the early date at which he wrote; for he says, ‘‘History was born in that night when Mo: moral and spiritual im his heart,,went out of Egypt;’ and, he adds, “There is nothing more certain than the historical character of the sketch which has been preserved in the Bible taken in its general leading features."? Third, the period of historic man is just that fixed by M as about 4,000 years before Christ; for he says, “The conventional epoch of 4,000 years before Christ, as the beginning of human existence, happens to be with approximate ac- curacy, the starting point of chronological history.” Thus, by direct argument, Bunsen contirms the Bible chronology. In two points he maintains by indirect reasoning independent views. First, he coutends that there may have been prebistoric men, which question has to do with the _point presented by Mr. Conway already considered, in which a poetic rather than a scientific imagination has play. Second, Bunsen’s reading of ‘The Tablets of Egyptian Sovereigns” led him to a synchronism of Egyptian with Hebrew history trom Abraham to Moses differing from that of Wilkinson; a difference which led Wilkinson to return to Egypt and to reaffirm with new proofs his former contirmation of the Hebrew chronology, his work appearing in 1867. Mr. Conway’s third application ot this principle {s an allusion to the theory of evolution as developed y Darwin and Huxley. Here Mr. Conway’s candor and care as areligious teacher must secure for him the esteem of those who differ from. him most widely on the second point noted. He is emphatic in his ap- proval of Mr, Huxley for his caution im committing himself to the theory of “spontaneous genera- tion.” Had Mr. Darwin been equally cautious the logical convictions of a class of reasoners from Menu, the Brahmin, Socrates, the Greek, Cicero, the Roman, down to Agassiz, wonld not havo been called out in direct disproof of ‘this theory. The admirable Classification of Darwin, coupled with the utter inconclusiveness of his reasoning, as met by the whole line of men just named, does not come, there- fore, into the feld of this review, It'must be a matter of congratulation to all earnest religious teachers that the fundamental truth of natu- | ral religion, the existence of a personal Creator to whom men’are morally responsible, is left untouched by Mr. Huxley as the exponent of English science in its relation to religion presented by Mr. Conway. Per- haps the day is near when the fundamental truth in reveaied religion for whose verification Newton spent his last days will be also admitted to be seentile New York, January, 1876. G, W. SAMSON, pelted THE CENTENNIAL REGATTA. New Yor, Jan. 29, 1876. To tne Eprtor or Tae Hxratp:— It requires no great amount of boldness to predict at this comparatively late day the success of the com- ing Centennial Regatta to be held upon the Schuylkill next August, an undertaking conceived nearly two years since, and which is silently but steadily being pushed to asuccessful termination under the leadership of Commodore Ferguson, backed up by the zeal and resources of the Schuylkill Navy, There is every reason to believe that the contest will be rendered ‘international’ in its character by the presence of the best amateur and professional crews and scullers of the United Kingdom. Looking over the field with the knowledge at our command, there is every reason to believe that the honor of American oarsmanship will be fully upheld on the part of our amateurs by crews from such clubs as. the Atalantas, of New York; the Wah-Walh-Sums, of Michigan; the Argonautas, of New Jersey; the Da- quesnes, of Pittsburg; the Mutuals and Beaverwycks, of Albany, not to speak of sundry other crews now being organized at Newark, Staten Island, Har- lem, Washington, New Orleaus and elsewhere, whith are mysteriousiy hinted at as the “dark horse’’ which is to sweep the fleld. While on the part of our professional oarsmen there {s little doubt that the eflorts which are contemplated being put forth by such men as Josh Ward, John Biglin, bn Morris and others will meet with the hearty co-operation of all in the way of raising the necessary funds to enable them to meet on equal terms the besi oarsmen that will come from abroad, Properly equipped and with the money necessary to pay their training and travelling expenses there need be no fear but that our professionals will acquit themselves with credit. jzation 18 isolated “antl {thas beon adopted by, the imagination—antil it has been made to harmonize with | | what we already feel and know to be true in their do- | velopments.’’ The applications of this principle of science he thus states:—"Every such scientific general- Phese districts seem now as deso- | ization may be translated into all the departments of | lerzegovina itself. The Prince bas forgiven | thought, into sosiety, into life and ito religion.” As thew this year’s taxes. They will ail get shelter and be under cover, whieh is certainly something, and more | than has been done in Dalmatia, which is compara. | the tively « richer country, where hundreds of families are | the yaried schools of philosophy is still ptill without any shelter whatever. But this is ali that Montenegro can do. The A’ an government bas ex ‘® Wish to supply bread. Unfortunately, the arrive but very irregularly, and whole days | weei% pass without any assisiance arriving. ye unfortunate people are lodged in the peasants where they, as weil as their hosts, sulfer very rom such ab agglomeration. In several places there are a great many more refugees Uian inhabitants; | for inetan: MD the village of Dobra Bative families have Afty-tour réfugee families. “Many, however, still rema:n without any shelter. At Met viteh alone, 140, according to the commissary ; 300, cording to the sodestate, have no lodgings, The bo much a twenty-nine | others, theso statements it is manifest that all debatable ground in the discussion of open for fresh review. The question as to the sources of | kuowledge comes first, whether it be simple testimony of the senses, of general ideas, as those of space, time and indnity, or of recognized intuition, a8 those of cause, design and originating personal mind. Then, again, the legitimate sphere of the imagination, as ro- cent! scussed by Faraday, Tyndall, Jevons and mooted: whether it be a tal suggestion, of Newton as to gravity, which he himself like t | Verified by mathematical calculation, or the conception | | new persen mind, which changes form with every | divance in knowledge or in speculation. | ore, the distinc we “foel | f the poet! Then, yet m told us that private assistance did not reac Metko AB to the clotiing, biaskets and fuel, | snd Know to be true,” but question ‘here is none. of the criterion of truth in individaal consciousness de- | I carefully avoid to speak of MILITARY OPERATIONS. 1 even avow that Iwas so busy with my functions | is, therefore, only as a asa delegate that I had neither time nor wish to be upied with anything else; but an appearance of troops on our roa: ive me strong emotion, We try painfully to mend the wounds mace by war, and now | age as indicatt, We are threatened witn new ones. | DOMESTIC LIFE AND WAR-MAKING, without moving. We catch eight Mountain of a boy of fourteen quite naked. we are told that se thie day in the nei; hood fortunate live in the caves and giens, the reston the sides of the rocks. They are so stupefied by misery they don” even seci "t on the top of a SF 7 T spoke to, came from Lioubigne, i j f at Ternoviiza and Tchepikoutza It ie for at CO" 1 do in such a state of thin, behold the amazement of the: beings at seeing anybody having pity upon | j i 5 c g ZEc ay atter my return at Ragusa | went to tar, Prefect of the district, and I told him j@ could not directly act at Metko- | = Fi i : it the Governor General, podestate of Slano 200 guilders, | ize of ven the # i E = a4 g & | pated so sharp | none of these discussions does Mr. Conway enter. | sach men as Agassiz have shown that the existence of It fe remarkable that all those Herzegovinians like | cartilage, not to say of rapidly decaying osseous mat- | the beat, and that in winter they sit close to the fire | ter, positively indicates an entombment comparatively | At Slano | mastodon and of @ man among the bowlders in an ob- or eight women have beon scen | scure cave docs net prove that the bowlder was not ong stones, The most | washed into its resting place in one geological age, shelter in the hoases; they | historic period, iaiddown to die among previous oc- ] mplain of anything, and they await their face. | cupants. Bopovo-Bolia, About 360 famiues are said tobe | rors, like Sit Joba Lubbock, bave reported arrow | me to be sure of the correctness of this | by mountan ? | American observer is the error in calculation as to ages ds on the district of Spaiatro, buthe | home, ask: He told | amything more about st, 1 chose, | coverud Switzerland when Casar made lis campaiga?”’ lnto It n introduction to the applications | calls for attention in this review, | intimated, is the testimony of and human implements of a rude | he high antiquity of man, As to the skulls, Mr. Conway is aware how in overy test caso Democritus. since the days ot of his principle whic! The first of these, deop buried skul recont; while negatively the flading of a skeleton of a that the mastodon crawled there at a later period, and | that some soldier, wounded in battle at some late Mr, Conway must be aware when titled explo- heads buried under peat beds and gravel hoaps formed streams, how apparent to an ordinary | required for their formation. The premise drawn from the statement of the Swiss farmer who has seen the peat grow scarcely an tnch for generations, is reliable, ce he knows nothing of the former forest whose leaves formed the bed. But the American, tn is forest ~" “How could the birch stumps, which de. cay so rapidly when uncovered, have beon preserved if | the peat bad not grown rapidly under the forests that But turning to that side of the “Centennial Regatta,” which chiefly interests a large number among us— viz., the ‘Collegiate Race’? open to the world, a vague feeling arises that we may be aisappointed in our hopes of witnessing an ‘‘nternational” contest, owing to the scemingly divided councils prevailing on this side of the wai Let us briefly review the cave The Rowing Association of American Colleges quite recently sent a challenge to Oxford, Cambridge and Dube lin to come over here in July (atime when they can- not reach here) and row a ra D six-oared hells @ style of boxt almost anknown in England or Ireland). Now, if our college boys reatly desire a contest, how much more polite and politic it would bo to name a date which would enable our guests to reach here, recover from the effects of the sea voyage and “get in condi- | ion’ —say about the Ist of September; and if they wish to clinch matters, to modily their chalieage to a four-oared race, without coxswaius, a style of rowing known to all boating men, and one which has become the standard among all, ‘college mon alone except One very important fact’ has been overlvoked in U matter by the Rowing Association of American Col leges—-viz., that the Centennial Regatta Committee of Philadelphia a year ago sent over an invitation by their chief, in’ person, to Oxtord, Cambridge and Dublin to participate in the Collegiate race to be held upon tho Schoylkil! and to become thelr guests, and a subsequent invitation trom another body, from the Rowing Association of American Golx leges, to row a Centennial race at a different and im- practicable time and upon another course, might look like a piece of interference and to our friends abroad have the appeai of such a want of harmony on this side of the water as to lead them to declins both invi« tations—a result which every one here interested in boating would deplore. Caanot somothing be done ere it be too late to avoid such a probable result ? Twill but just touch upon another point. The few ture of the Centennial Regatta will undoubtedly be the four-oared race, open vo crews from all regularly organ. ized boat clubs, barring pro‘esionals, which will bring together the’ best college and ‘amateur crews from both sides of the water. Would ft not be asking too much of our Oxford, Cambridge or Dablin friends to encumber’ themselves in crossing the ocean witha double stock of racing boats. + Six and four oared shells, which they Will _have to do, if they come at all, accept the challenge of our colleges to ro X-oared race, only alternative would be for them to stay out of tl big race in “fours,” where it is proposed to bring col- Jege men and amateurs together, and in which if they Win more glory will be gained than in any other race to be rowed for a hundred years to come, I trust that wise counsels will prevail among those baving these Matters in charge, and, believing as I do, that all are interested for the best welfare of the & I hope none will be governed in their actions by any in+ fluences but such as will be calculated w bring honor, fame and revown to the vanquished as well as to the victors, who in the Centennial regatta will straggle for the laurels of victory, AMATEUR, FINE ARTS. ea Se wey NOTES FROM THE sTUDIOS. W. Whittredge te at present engaged in painting two autumn scenes in the Catskill region. William MacMaster is putting the finishing touches to a portrait of Watson Bowron, of Bowronville, L. L J. 8. Hartley is modelling in clay a statuette portrait of Raymond in the character of Colonel Sellers. He is also at work on a portrait bust of Marshall, the en- graver. J. 0, Wood has recently finished a group of Alder- neys, from Rivercliff Farm, Milford, Conn., and is now at work on portraits of Charley Green’s ‘Lucille,’ Harker’s “Lula,” and “The Marquis.’” W. J. Irving is busy painting portraits, Among those now in his studio are two of ladies, In both of these the modelling and flesh tones are good, and the draperies and accessories are conscientiously painted, Jervis McEntee is putting the last touches to his picture, ‘October Snow,” in which the light snowfall bas subdued the rich colors of the autumn foliage; and one of his November scenes, where the leaves are with- ering in the cold November wind. Arthur Parton has nearly completed an Adirondack pool, with the banks lined with huge bowlders, their crevices filled with tangled ferns and grasses where they touch the water, and further up their moss cov- ered sides are seen the yellow foliage and ragged trunks of the birch trees, the crimson of the maple and the dark jexin of the pines, relieved one against the other in rich masses of color, J. G. Brown is, as usual, busy with pictures ef chil- dren, Such works are ‘bis especial delight, for he thinks, after travelling through many foreign countries in search of beautiful subjects, that American women and children are tho most beautiful in the world. He selects the most unconventional he can find, and paints them just as he finds them. The present subject’ represents a boy, with agun whichis resting on a fence neara tree, with one eye shut, aiming at some object outside the pic- ture. A young girl has dropped the tin pail which she has brought to get water from the spring 1n, and is looking eagerly forward to watch the result, while she shrinks from the coming shock. The bright sunlight falls on the Jandscape beyond, which shows an expanse of hilland meadow, and an unpretending farmhouse showing through a cluster of trees. William Gaul, one of tbe most promising of our ris- ing young artists, nas commenced a composition con- taining consMerable humor, and carried out with skill. It is called “A Sudden Stop,” and represents a boy giv- ing a companion aride ina wheclbarrow. A stone in the downhill path has putanend to the sport, and you can almost feel the jerk, as you look at the boy who has been thrown off his balance. A chicken near by ap- pears to appreciate the sit! jon, for it is scamperin off at fullspeed. A study of ahead and one of stil life containing vegetables, &c., show a good firm touch and strong color, John Phillips has at his studio, No, 60 Broadwa: his recently completed portrait of Squire Norton, of El- mira. This painting attracted much attention while on exhibition at Snedicor’s, on account of the masterly manner in which it was painted. The head is one on which the artist could show his method to advantage, The painting is rather low in tone, and the color pure as possible, without a suggestion of crudeness, The gradations of color as they full upon the shadows keep their local colors, and the shadows are as clear as the lights, Every touch is placed witha precision which shows the skill of the artist. In his studio are por- traits of Colonel Tappan, Henry M, Stanley, the Herat explorer, painted for the Chicago Metropolitan Club just before that association was dissolved; oné of Mr. Francklyn and another of a little daughter of his son, the agent of the Cunard line, the latter a firmly modelled head, with the bright black eyes sfarkling with mischief; a three-quarter length of a lady in even- ing dress, and one just started of General Jones, well known in political circles in this city. Powers’ statue, ‘Paradise Lost,’ was sold on Thurs- day to the Centennial Art Association for $9,000. he following circular has been sent to theartists and art collectors in this State:— Sta—You are respectfully notified that the Committee on Art, appointed by the Director General of the Inter: Exhibition in connection with the New York State Centen nial Commission, are prepared to receive applications for the exhibition of paintings, statuary, engravings, architec- tural designs aud other works of ar to give all neces- sary information on this eubj ‘he works of fine art will be arranged in a building erected especially for the purpose. The structure is iu the modern Renaissance style, and is built of granite, iron, brick and glass, being thoroughly fireproof and adapted in every re- spect to ail the requirements of this department. The in- terior arrangements have been designed with the view of af- rding unusual and superior facilities for the proper display d safety of all works of ai. The Exhibition will be opened on the 10th day of May, 1876, and closed on the 10th day of November, following. Three classes of works are require Pirst—Works by living American artists, Second—Works of deceased American artists, Third—Works of foreign artists belonging to residents of the United States, All works must be of s high order of merit, and will be ad- mitted whether previously exhibited or not, and without charge for space. . Works intended for exhibition must be sent to this gallery between the Ist day of March and the 1st day of April, for Selectiom In special consideration by the Committee of cases they can be examined without removal. Artists not having works in their possession which they wish to exhibit will please give the name and address of the owners of such of their works as they would like to have on exhibition, The committee will be happy to receive information There meritorious works of art by deceased artists may be foun Works of art will be forwarded, if so desired, from this office to the Exhibition and charge; and those which a Brooklyn, for whieh applie in the cities of New York or ‘tion for space has been made in due form, will be collected and brought to this gallery free of expense to the owners. There must be attached to the outside and inside of each package a label giving the name and address of the exhibi- tor, and the titles, sizes and number of articles {n the package. All pictures, whether round or oval, should be placed in sauare frames. Excessive breadth in frames or projecting mouldings should be avoided. | Shadow boxes will not be allowed to project more than one inch beyond the frame. Works of art admitted under the rules shall not be re- moved before the close of the Exhibition, and those intended for sale will be so desicnated in the official catalogue. Artists who have already made application for space through this office, or direct to Philadelphia, need make no further application. W. WHITIRIDGE, Chairman wa! Committee. DANIEL HUNTINGDON, Chairman Selection Committee, RANK LESLIE, Chairman New York State Contennial Board, MOODY AND SANKEY. PREPARATIONS FOR THEIR RECEPTION IN THIS cITy. The Executive Committee having charge of tne preparations for the advent of the celebrated revivalists in New York have nearly completed their work, and expect to have the special services opened on Sunday or Monday next. Mr. Moody has not returned from the South, but will arrive In this city, with Mr, Sankey, on Saturday or Sunday next. They will then decide | upon the number and time of the services to be held each day. It is probable that there will be three services each day, besides prayer and inquiry meetings, About $20,000 have been expended by the committeo in thanging the interior of the Hippodrome Garden into the Garden church, Stud partitions, nsing from the oor to the roof, have been placed across the build- ing from Twenty-sixth to Twenty-seventh street, about one-third of the length of the interior west of Fourth avenue, thus dividing the former auditorium into two chapels. The Fourth avenue hall will have two broad entrances from Fourth avenue and one from Twenty- sixth street, The cascade, fountains and rock work that attracted so much attention dur- ing tho Gilmore concert season, will be re- moved. The ground has been floored and chairs placed on it and on the terraced sides to accom- modate about 4,000 persons, On the platform that crosses the chapel at the western end, and approached by broad stairs, are the seats for the choir, bee etki | about 300. In the centre of the platform and railei from the choir is the reading desk and station of Mr, Moody, Next to it, on the left, is a melodeon designed for Mr. Sankey. The chapel will be lighted from a sky- light overhead during the day. A door in the partition directly behind Mr. Moody’s station opens bee a Staircase leading to a large room between t chapel and the grand hall, that will be used for thi young men’s meeting, where services will be held sim- ilar in character to those now taking place fm the hall of the Young Men’s Christian Association in Twenty- third street, That room will hold about one thousand apd The partition walls have beon doubled and ined with felt paper in order to deaden the sound of voices in the other parts of the building. The grand ball, with two broad en- trances irom Madison avenue, three from Twenty-sixth street and one from Twenty-seventh street, will be lighted in the same manner as the smalichapel Th platform is locate the eastern end of the hall, wi seats fora choir of about four hundred; in this bi 4 piano will be placed. Six thousand chairs oon fixed to the floor, and seats arranged for 2,000 mor ersons on the side galleries, The rustic summer Rouses and the glittering decorations of the concert hall have beea taken away and the woodwork primed with white paint Four hundred ushers, vol- unteers from the various evangelical churches, have been enrolled, and twelve firemen ~ de- tailed, the latter to patrol the building day and night as a guard against fire, In the fireproof cor- ridor beneath the southern gallery everything has been arranged for prayer and inquiry meetings It is posed by the committee that services shall be held simultaneously in both hails, Mr. Sankey singing in one while Mr. Moody preaches in the other—say for thirty-five minutes each—after which they will ex- change their positions, the choristers remaining with the separate congregations, The next rehearsal of the chotrs will be beld next Thursday evoning It is esti- mated that the two halls can be safely vacated by the Congregations in from eight to twelve minutes, THE CHRISTIAN UNION. Henry Ward Beecher, George S. Morriam, Irving M. Avery and other trustees of the Christian Union Pub- lishing Company have called a special meeting of the stockholders, to id on Phursday, February 10, at No. 27 Park place, ‘‘for the purpose of coming under the privileges of the act to provide for the organization and regulation of certain business ns, ap proved June 21, 1875, and for the on of b NUTMEG POLITICS. The Situation of Parties and Fac- | tions Examined, THE CURRENCY QUESTION. Relations of the Temperance Men with Demo- crats and Republica New Haven, Jan, 29, 1876, Those indefatigable gentlemen whose duty as well as delight i¢ is to arrange slates and lay wires for political Parties have bem exceedingly busy lately, and the re- ports now coming in from all points of the compass in- dicate that they have succeeded im creating considera- ble commotion, DEMOCRATIC RECONSTRUCTION, One result of the agitation has been the evolution of the fact that, in the minds of certain eminent authort- ties, the democratic State ticket of last year will require reconstructing in order to meet the exigencies of the coming campaign, There appears to be no serious opposition to the nomination of Governor Ingersoll, although there are cer- tain gentlemen in the northern part of the State who think that Richard D. Hubbard or Charles M. Pond would make quite as eligible a candidate; but it has been discovered, “beyond. the shadow of a doubt,” that Lieutenant Governor Sill and Treasurer Raymond are unpopular, ana it 1s deemed highly desira- ble, if not absolutely indispensable, that those gentle- men’s official heads should be summarily taken off. Mr. Sill, it will be remembered, was put on the demo- cratic ticket at that particular juncture when there were j several hundred liberal republicans in the State calmly ‘waiting to be onsnared in the democratic net; but since the ‘liberal republican’? as a distinct species has ceased to exist in these latitudes, if is presumed that Mr. Sill’s name will no longer be of special potency, and therefore bis resignation will be tendered him by the approaching convention. It is understood thatthe second place on the ticket is to be | tendered to Colonel Loomis, of New London—that patient gentleman, who has been a standing candidate for the gubernatorial nomination for several years, but who deems it wiser and better to be a Lieutenant Gov- ernor than not to bea Governor at all, As to Mr. Ray- mond, his place is wanted for another man in view ofa rather unexpected exigency which bas arisen in the party, to wit:—The Irish element contributes one-third of the votes; the Irish element has never had a repro- sentative on the State ticket; the Irish element de- mands a representative on the State ticket this year, and it will not be safe to ignore the demands of the Irish clement. Mr.—or rather let us say Hon,— Timothy Coogan, of Windsor Locks, member of the Senate of 1875, is regarded as the coming Irishman. . REPUBLICAN TRIBCLATIO: The republicans are hard up for acandidate. Since the celebrated “tidal wave’ swept across this State, completely submerging all republican landmarks and especially the Norwich Greene, there has been consid- erable of a dearth of enthusiastic patriots eagor to offer themselves up as a sort of vicarious sacrifice. I have thus far heard of but one man who is at all anxious to carry the republican standard in the campaign, the courageous individual in question being the Hon, Stephen W. Kellogg, of Waterbury, who was not re- elected to Congress jast spring. Mr. Kellogg will not, however, receive the nomination. Mr. Kellogg, or Mr. Kellogg’s friends in his behalf, bartered’ for votes in 1873 in such a manner as fairly to slaughter the republican candidate for Governor in ‘that year (Mr. Havens), and it is well understood that the republicans of the eastern part of the State havo the knife all sbarpened for lifting Mr. Kellogg’s scalp in case the opportunity for this Pawnee exercise ever preree itself, Until the advent of Hon. Oliver Hoyt, of tamford, on the scene, there was absolutely no one for the party to “rally around.” Mr. Hoyt’s principal claim to consideration appears to be that be is a Metho- dist of the strict Wesleyan type, and as Methodism is understood to be the religion of the “gov- ernment,” Mr. Hoyt the orthodox requisite. Add to that that he is rich, and that he is ‘respected by all who know him,” and it will be seen that he is a very eligible candidate, or would make one. I have the highest authority for say- ing, however, that Mr. Hoyt has not been approached, either formally or informally, by the Republican State Committee, and it is not known he would accept — Laren ge $ if pl | him.: Hon. Jobn T, Watt of Norwich; Hon. Amos of Bridgeport, an: Hon. Abijah Catlin, of Harwington, are also Paraiba as possible candidates, PLATFORMS. Although the Republican Convention will not meet until early next month, the platform is already cut and dried, There has been a “sitting” on the matter of the most prominent of the party incubaters, including a | number of federal office holders, and it is found that the republicans of Connecticut are unalterably opposed to the principle of athird term for any incumbent of the office of President of the United States. Several of the office holders signified their con- currence in thi expression, and {it 1s pre- sumed that if names and sentiments of these gentlemen ever reach the White House the stern mene a no guilty man escape,” will instant): be haps” it to bear in their case, The platform wilt | also declare in favor of the resumption of specie pay- ments ‘‘as soon asthe means can be provided,”eand something will be said about the schoo! question, although, as the constitution of Connecticut already provides against the appropriation of public moneys to sectarian uses, it will be difficult to create much capi- tal out of that “issue.” The democratic platform {s not ‘cut and dried” as yet. The fact is, there is a soft money element in the party, and this clement has been on the increase ever since Kelley passed through the State preaching the pecan three-sixty-tive interconvertibie bonds, ¢ soft money leaders, if not remarkably able, are at Jeast determined and persistent men nail experienced politicians, and they affirm that unless their views aro embodied in the democratic platform they will organ. ize a party of theirown and make a square fight for their principles. Should they put this threat into ex- ecution (for I do not at all apprehend that their demand will be complied with) it would not be deemed precipitate in Mr. Hoyt, or whooyer the republican candidate might be, to pack his valise at once and set an the pilgrimage to the new State Capitol at Hart- 0) THE TEMPERANCE ELEMENT. Nobody seems able to tind out what the temperance party propose doing this year, This temperance vote | is always an uncertain quantity in Connecticut politics, and this year it is more uncertain thanever. The temperance party made its frst appearance in the political arena in 1873, when it polled about 5,000 votes, and contributed materially to the defeat of the republican ticket. The same success attended its efforts in 1874, about the same number of votes being cast, and the democrats were delighted with their tomperance allies. Last year the temperance vote fell off to 3, but the temperance men affirm they made no especial effort to bring out their strength. Tho leaders say ghey can hope for nothing trom either the republican or democratic party, and that they pro- pose to keep on fighting In this event it is not im- probable that we shall e four tickets in the fleld in the spring—the regular republican and democratic tickets, a greenback ticket and a temperance ticket, THE SENATORSHIP QUESTION. The question of the Senatorship attracts a deal of attention. The democrats are considerably embar- rassed regarding this matter, and they bardly know what to do about it’ Tho fact is that about nine-tenths of the party would like to see Governor Ingersoll sent to the Senate ; but it is held by many of the ers that the Legislature, if democratic, cannot very well evade electing Governor English, who is already in tho pines pporutment of ‘the Governor, and who as fought and freely “bled” in the cause for many years, This view is conjroverted by somo of Gover- nor Ingersoll’s friends, whd maintain that the Governor has done all in bis power to confer distinction upon Governor English, and that it would be neither generous nor just for the latter gemleman to stand fn the way if the desires and interests of the party oy to Governor Ingersoll as the man to sit in the late Senator Ferry’s seat. It may be, however, that the republicans will relieve the democrats from ail trouble upon this knotty poivt by captur- ing the Legislature. There would not be much prospect of such a consummation were the | Senatorship considered an open question, and were Governor English and Congressman Barnum to enter | the lists, the one with the First National Bank of New Haven upon bis back and the other with the iron minus | of Salisbury in his breeches ket, to determine | which shov'd have the prize; Poe as these powprful influences are not likely to be introdaced it would seem possible for the republicans to execute a coup in some of the closer towns and revolutionize the Assembly | bbs if they failed to obtain a majority of the popular vo A PRETTY LITTLE PROJECT. A rather neat little scheme, concerning which noth- ing has heretofore being published, is being “worked up.” Judge Levi B. Bradiey’s bighest aibition is to be projected into the Congress of the United States. The J just missed the democratic nomination ist spring, Judge Phelps being the Iucky man; but he is convinced that if he could once be brought before the poopie he would be triumphantly elected. Now, it is | found that Judge Phelps does not find a seat im Con- gress precisely to Ins taste, while Judge Bradley docs not gee shine on the Bench of the Superior Court, to which he was elevated in accordance with caucus mandate. It \s, therefore, p that Pheips resign his seat in Con, whi steps “dows and out” from the Judiciary; that ley be sent to Congress vice Pheips, and that Phelps re- sume his seat on the Superior ‘Court Bench vice Bradley. The inducement heid out vo. Judge. Phelps to make this ‘swap’ is that there will bea vacancy on tho Bench of the Supreme Court next year in con- sequence of the termination, by age limitation, of tl term of Judge Lafayette 8. Foster, and (Phetps) shall "be promoted ‘te. the “eewoant ola udgo Pheips is extreme! pular with the Bar re ally, and there is no Gout thas the project would be considerat! other business as may be lawfully brought before the _mecting” almost universally approved so far a8 he is concerned, That part of the scheme relating t@ Judge Bradley ig thing about a bird in the hand being more Shan several birds jn the bushes® == “POLITICAL NOTES, ‘The bill to make Jefferson Davis eligible to tha Presidency,” is, according to the Utica Heratt, thé tile republican journals are disposed to give to Rau- dall’s amnesty proposition. Tho democratic party's slogan tn the South—‘‘Atten- tion, battalion !"’—Bugialo Express (rep.) James Gillespie Blaine is his full name, and it would look very well attached to an annual message.—St- Louis Globe-Democrat (rep.) The Troy Times states that “Charley” Walker, Cone gressman from the Twenty-ninth district of this State, and who defended the citizens of Elmira against the charges of Hill, of Gcorgia, is the same Charley Walker who, sitting on a hand truck im front of the Dickinson: House in Corning, in his shirt sleeves, on one hot day last summer, was hailed as a porter by a fat lady with) a heavy carpetbag, and asked to carry her pack to the depot. The Congressman accepted the job, but de- clined the reward offered, remarkiag that the pleasuré. of walking with the lady was sufficient compensation. Two men have foolisitly, fatally blundered, and his- tory will write their names about in this wise:—James - G. Blaine, Jefferson Davis. —Piladelphia Times (ind.} ‘There is at least one democrat tn the United State who congratulates himself on the fact that Jeif. David has not heretofore been amnestica, and the frst letters of his name are L. Q C, Lamar, Had Davis been free Lamar would have remained in the Lower Houso.— Evansville (Ind, ) Journal. The Pittsburg Commercial says it ts intimated that. should Speaker Kerr's heaith prove too poor to permit him é0 preside during the session Lamar will be chosen. as Speaker pro tem, and adds:—“Lamar is a great man. As Speaker Heury Clay’s overcoat wouidu’t make him a peajacket.”” The New Haven Palladium thinks that Wendell Phil- lipa eppears to be losing his faith in that democracy of which he has been so eloquent a preacher when ho affirms that Boston ought to be governed by the Stato at large, and for the State itself ho would like to see tweaty or thirty reform clubs organized to tuke charge of it. ‘The Indianapolis Sentinel (dem.) avers that there “are three chief elements working with might and main to secure the renomination of Grant by the republican’ party, and they may be briefly summed up as ignor- ance, misguided religious zeal and official corruption.’? The Houston (Texas) Telegraph (dem.) says if tho present Secretary of the Treasury becomes President. integrity, ability and decency will dignify the Presiden-- tial chair, ' The Steubenville (Ohio) Gazette says Governor Cur tin, if nominated for President, could carry Obio and Pennsylvania, Hardly enough to win, A correspondent of the Macon Telegraph avers that Thurman will never be President of the United States, end that the Senate or Cabinet is the place for Pendle- ton. ; The Newburg Journal is in favor of sending un« Pleaged delegates tothe National Republican Conven- tion, Says the Bath (N. Y.) Courier (rep.):—“The time has passed when a nomination by the republican party can be considered equivalent to an olection.’” The Wilmington (N. C.) Herald (dem.) favors tho nomination of Senator Bayard for the P residency by the democrats, remarking that ‘it looks as if the Dar- winian theory in his case was to operate in the political order—the survival of the fittest.”” The Washington Chronicle makes a careful examina- tion of a Soutnern almanac, and discovers that the Con- federates were nearly always victorious in thelr battles with the federal troops, and yet the Stars and Striped still fly over the national Capitol, The Troy Times (rep.), indorsing the remarks of the Buffalo Commercial (rep.), favoring the sending of a Conkling delegation to the Republican National Conven- Uon, affirms that it may be set down asa ‘fixed fact?” that New York will send such a delegation—the ball having been set in motion “not by Senator Conkling, but by the short-sighted tactics of some of his envious rivals.”” The Augusta (Ga,) Chronicle calls attention to the fact that Georgia is unrepresented on “the Democratic National Executive Committee, General A. R. Wright, who Was appointed in 1872, Having aivd and the va- cancy remaining unfilled. ‘The Buffalo Commercial urges the immediate forma- tion of “Conkling clubs,’ and the motion is seconded by that ubiquitous individual, ‘A Well Known Citizen, ’” A Philadelphia correspondent of the Jefferson. (Texas) Leader insists that George W. Childs, of the Public Ledger, is General Grant's first choice as his ‘successor in the Presidential chair. A The Troy Whig (rep.) is afraid to pledge the New York delegation to the Republican National Convention to Conkling, and prefers that it should go altogether _ unpledged. General Charles W. Roberts declines a renomination. ag the democratic candidate for Governor of Maine, ARMY EXPENDITURE. ABUSES IN THE STAFF DEPARTMENTS GRAPHI- CALLY PORTRAYED. New Yors, Jan. 29 1876. To rue Epitor or Taz HERaLp:— The letter of your ‘Occasional Correspondent,” In the Heratp of this morning is so masterly an exhibit of some of the defects of our present army system, and he is so thoroughly posted on the subject, that I cannot refrain from urging him to continue the exposé so ably begun, He has barely touched upon scme of the abuses resulting from a staff, In- effective, cumbersome and expensive, not only from its numbers but its rank. Let him, as he evidently has or can get access to the records, inform the country where the seventy-nine officers of the Quartermaster’s Department are stationed, and what duty they are performing. Let him show into how many unneces- sary districts the Eastern States have been divided— wheels within wheels—to give nice places to those YAVORITES OV THE WAR DEPARTMENT. Let him show how many or how few of them are do- ing legitimate duty as quartermasters at military and not omit to make a comparison of the cost of such duties when performed by a lieutenant of the line with ‘is two or three soldier assistants, and whon by a rega- lar staff quartermaster with his corps of clerks, wagon masters, forage masters, corral masters, messenge &c. Let him glance at the cost of the furniture an Utting of the offices of these staff officers, wherever lo- caged, commencing with the splendors which surround the present Acting Quartermaster Ge Let him show how many of these colonels, lieutenant colonels and majors, surrounded each by a staff sufficient for the General commanding the army, are performing duties for which a single shipping clerk would think himself amply compensated by a salary of $100 per month. Passing to 2 j= ‘THR MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, 2 let him show whe? the army of 222 comm! officers are stationed; how the pleasant East are crowded with these gentlemen, while thelr > timate duties with troops are rmed by citizen phzviaiens, hired at enormous ; let him show jow many of the 389 hospital stewards are performing their legitimate duties at and how many aro working for the personal credit of the Surgeon General in his medical museum and in getting up the records of the rebellion, the cost of which, however necessary and admirable the work, should pet be saddled on the army, THE ENGINEER CORPS. Let him also show the cost of maintaining 109 com- | missioned officers of engineers, no less than forty-two of whom are field officers, Let him show the country what magnificent works these gailant officers and most accomplished engineers are engaged in, but how litte they haye to do with the army and how wrong it is to tax the army with the cost of works which redound to the credit and benetit of the commercial and other in- terests rather than to the military establishment, THE BUREAU OF MILITARY JUSTICE. Let him show up the work of the one brigadier neral and nine field officers of the Bureau of Military ustice, and how the discipline of the army is being ruined by being taken from the officers whose duty it isto understand and perfect discipline and placed ‘under the entire control of men who know nothing of soldiers or of discipline. ‘THE ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT. Let him show what the 77 officers (17 field officers) and 455 enlisted men of the Ordnance Department aro doing; how that bl elonvenrd 18 workidg te givd itself a line ag well as 8 organization, each petty com- mander of an arsenal being a little monarch, gur- rounded by his staff and guards. Make a note of the cost of the quarters in which each of these favored officers live, as compared to the whole cost of many frontier posts, The superfluity of rank and numbers ot the staff of our army leads to arrogance, inefficiency, idleness and. demoralization, Each officer has eo little to do that he loses ail interest in his profession, and von turns over that little to some clerk or assistant x SAVED FROM STARVATION. Mary Rourk, a girl of seventeen, was brought to Bellevue Hospital from the Eighteenth precinct early yesterday morning in a sick and fainting condition, It ‘was soon ascertained by the physician in attendance ‘that the poor girl had no a: actually ing from starvation. Day after’ guy Ges. hed welked the streets searching for and at ha siept in the anon tn Then wetard starvation here is no doubt of her reoovesye