The New York Herald Newspaper, October 29, 1875, Page 4

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4 NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1875.—TRIPLE SHEET. TNR REVOLTED SCLAVES, Incessant Activity of the Insur- gent Bands, OTTOMAN INCAPACITY. The Revolt Likely to be Prolonged Through the Wint A SAVAGE WAR OF RACES. Raovsa, Austria, Sept, 80, 1875, Here we are constantly treated to reports hinting ‘hat the insurrection is about to lead to intervention and to the general war which Europe so much dreads. When we come back at evening from some bone break- ing excursion among the mighty mountains where the insurgents make their nests, we are treated to myste- tious bits of intelligence, such as, “The Turks have been driven into Austrian territory,” or, “The Austrian government is certain to interfere within a week.” These harmless and by no means malicious rumors serve as a kind of pastime for the stay at homes who do aot care to climb out and over the trowning walls of tock at whose foot quaint and picturesque Ragusa lies. But we, happily, pay little attention to them, preferring \o study on the ground the movements of a struggle which is terrible in its tenacity and will be very long in | ‘ts duration. | I will pass over, for atime, the description of my charming journey to this point along the Dalmatian coast, past the old cities, every one of which looks likea scene in an opera; cities untouched and untainted with modernisin; cities which front on expanses of blue water, dotted with delicious islands, and which are | backed by giant mountains, on whose rocky sides the sunlight and the shadows play hide and seck all day, The journey was long, and rich in material for corres- pondence; but I must beg you to forget for the pres- ent that I have made it, and place yourself with me on the frontier within fifteen minutes’ walk of the in- surgent camp, and ata post where the wild Turkish patrol comes racing in at evening, discharging pistols and blunderbusses and whooping in Indian fashion. These Herzegovinian Mussulmans are in many respects like our savages, They have not quite so much dig- aity, and they probably carry more fleas, A wild, un- tamable, uncivilized race, Europe does not seem to uave touched them atall. Among the bold peaks and bowlders of their native land they fight and lake risks and make a = jest of death with the greatest gusto. They are not suspicious, wad mapy of them seqn to look upon the insurr&ction ts tbe normal condition of affairs and to have prepared themselves for it, The insurgents are certainly making every preparation for a long campaign, although they are poorly fitted with arms and have almost no food at ull The endurance of the men on both sides under fatigues, privations and exposures, which would kill \he soldiers of half a dozen of the best regular armies in Gurope, is remarkable, FIGHTING WITHOUT FOOD. The insurgents who are with Ljubibratich and the famous Peko have not had anything like decent food Jor many days, We hear from them almost daily here to Ragusa, and they always send back encouraging teports, although they add that they have nothing to tat and but little ammunition. Out of the whole band of 1,500 which was camped at Slivovitch—a wild nook (n the mountains, about three hours’ march from the gates of Ragusa—a few days since 1,200 were armed with antiquated weapons with flint locks, some of which had ceased their effective service a half century | since. Had this hardy and resolute band of fighters— men with muscles like steel and with hearts which do not know fear—had they as good weapons as the Turkish regulars possess they would sweep the country clear of | ‘he latter and would maintain their independence ex- actly as the people of Montenegro have done. A few days before the main body of the insurgents departed on a mission of destruction fn a remote por- tion of the Herzegovina, where the inhabitants are in- clined to take sides with the Turks, some gentlemen from Ragusa visited the camp. There is here in Ragusa an insurrectionary committee, which holds daily meet- ings in the shop of a loquacious barber, the Figaro of the locality, and one who possesses almost as much or- Aginality as his prototype. A TRIP AMONG THE INSURGENTS, This committee furnished guides and the proper pa- pers to the excursionists, who, after a brief but not especially perilous nocturnal excursion on the frontier and careful evasion of the Turkish guards patrolling it, plunged into the thickets and among the crags and arrived at the avant-posts of the insurgents. They found these perfectly organized, even at the distance of an hour’s march from the camp. The men were posted ip parties of four, so arranged as to form a perfect cor. don protecting the camp, and it was not without great difficulty that the delegation from the Ragusa committee and the other visitors succeeded in passing the lines. It was evident that the insurgents respected Property, because the visitors the next day passed through a village which might be said to be in the.cen- tre of the camp, and there saw the villagers peacefully pursuing their customary avocations. They were even Witnesses to ap incident which showed that discipline among the rough soldiery had been carried to a praise- worthy point, One of the insurgents, not finding any- thing else handy to cook his dinner with, took from a kind of paling a few sticks, and was about to burn them. An old woman at once rushed out of the cottage @utrounded by the paling, complained to the com- mander, who insisted that the sticks should be at once restored to the paling. The visitors found the insur- gents on the point of departure. Two or three days before the Turks had been ambushe. and terribly cut up by these insurgents in a defile not far from the fron- tier, and the insurgents, flushed with the success of their attack and the consternation which it had created fm the Turkish ranks, were preparing to fall upon another body of troops in another section, thus creat ing the impression that the insurrectionists were very Bumerous aud scattered widely throughout the sountry. This camp with its 1,500 mon, with its chiefs for whose heads the Turks would pay, or promise to pay, any price whatsoever, and with its stores of spoils taken from Turkish dead bodies, was not more than half an hour’s march, even by the difficult mountain passes, froim the positions in which the Turks were intrenched. It seemed incredible that any commander of regular forces should supinely wait for irregular bodies to concentrate near his outposts, when his duty cloarly was to dislodge them if possible, and to give his whole attention to that, Butthe Turkish regular has considerable respect for his life; besides which he stands in superstitious dread of these miraculous in- surgents whom he rarely if ever sees, and who send death hurling at him from what seemed an unoccupied thicket, or from behind a bowlder where it does not Svem possible for a man to hide, The insurgents laughed when asked by the visitors if they were aware of the proximity of the Turks. Certainly they were, said they, and the fact that the Turks knew who was in immediate neighborhood prevented any chance of an attack that night I have my- self passed through both the insurgent and the Turkish Unes within half an hour, and although the Turks knew perfectly well where their enemies wore they would not venture out to attempt to dislodge them The mountains here are the effective allies of the im surgents and will gain their cause for them. A moun- tain people must and will be {roe THE INSURGENT LeADERS. in the camp tho visitors saw Ljubibratich and Peko Paulowiteh, the chiefs who are best known and do most effective work in Herzegovina, I have already given you a brief sketch of Ljubibratich. He still holds & prominent place among the insurgents, but i not t man to lead them, He i# a man of remarkably fue presenco, of even noble aspect, has command of sev eral languages add ts thoroughly in earnest; but ho is rather fitted for a representative of the insurgents near foreign governments, for an envoy to explain and apol- ogize for events, than for a chief of this dread band, whose mission is to kill, kill, kill until the terrified Turks will be glad to flee from the country, Ljubibratich has much influence with Peko, who was originally sent from Montenegro to that the hour had not yet come. Peko found at first that Ljubibratich opposed him and stood in the way of his mission; #0 he took measures to have him arrested in Montenegro, when the various heads of the insur- rection became so eloquent in behalf of their cause that Peko himself could wait no longer, and sent back word to the Prince of Montenegro that he had joined the movement and could not consent to hear another word about pacification. It is not to be supposed that this intelligence created any profound sadness in the breast of the Prince, who knew that Peko would make havoc among the Turks, Peko is a giant in stature, but his frame is somewhat broken by fatigue. His knees are bent and his mighty arms have not that won- derful foree which they once possessed, Still he would pass anywhere in middle Europe for a giant and a Her- cules, He hag killed many Turks and cut off their heads in real Montenegrin fashion, and he never loses an opportunity to put a bullet into one when he sees hum. Peko is eternally smoking a gigantic chibouk when he is not ehgaged in scouring the country, and he only removes it from his lips to look up slowly yet flercely at any one who asks him a question, and after several minutes of deliberation to answer in a hoarse voice, accompanied by sweeping, heavy ges- tures. He isa barbarian in appearance but a noble man at heart. His ferocity is engenderod by what he considers the necessity of freeing his countrymen from’ the Turkish yoke, He would not go out of his way a step to save a Turk from the most horrible tortures. Yet at the same time he would tenderly care for a kid with a bruised leg and would not willingly harm a fly, He was asked by the visitors for some circumstantial details of the villages which he was reported to have laid waste in this section. He answered with the great. est frankness, stopping laboriously to count on his fin- gers or on ae rude tally board, constructed of little pieces of wood, which ho carried at his side, the num- ber of houses burned or of persons killed. After he | had recited the fate of a number of villages he was asked concerning one which he had not mentioned Ho looked up at his questioners, then straightening out his right arm, he drew it around in a buge circular movement, as much as to say:— “The village was razed to the ground.’” It was Peko, not Ljabibratich, who volunteered to conduct the visitors tq the reliquary which the rude insurgents bad formed in awild nook inoneof the mountain passes near the camp. As any one familiar with the history of Turkey in Europe knows, it bas from earliest times been the custom of victors in battle to cut off the heads of their enemies. The custom pre- vails to-day, although, of course, to a much more lim- ited extent than in more barbarous times, There are ‘still to be seea in certain portions ot the Turkish prov- inces towers ornamented with the skulis of murdered Christians, "At Cettinje, in Montenegro, there was for many years, on a rock which overhangs the town, acol- lection of Turkish heads always to be seen grinning in ghastly fashion from a small round tower, It was only afew years ago that this barbarity was suppressed in Montenegro by the Vladica Danilo, HIDEOUS CRUELTIRG, In war time it is easily revived. The insurgents have their temples where they learn to revive the hatred which they feel for their oppressors, and Peko took tho visitors to see one of them. It was at tho foot of a withered tree that the visitors saw the body of a Turkish Nizam, which had been brought from the battle field below and had been placed in an upright position, “The arm of the dead man was thrown around the neck, and Peko and bis companions, forcing it back, showed to tne visitors that the man’s throat had been cut, and | that the gaping wounds were filled with the worms of corruption. There were also heads of Turks here, some thrown carelessly down upon the ground and others arranged with some pretence of artistic skill. The spectacie was one which froze the blood of the visitors with horror, and against which they could not refrain from remonstrating. Peko heard their re- monstrances with a kind of satisfed smile, but made no answer whatever to them. As I write this letter I receive the news that the day before yesterday Peko and his men, in conjunction with the forces under Ljubibratitch, fell upon and sur- rounded the Turks guarding a convoy from Kiek and routed them completely. A Montenegrin, who was in the field and who arrived nore this morning by boat, severely wounded, swears that he saw sixty-five heads cut off, so that friend Peko, doubtiess, thinks of establishing another reliquary. This barbarity is prac- tised quite as much for the purpose of filling the minds of the Turkish regulars with terror as for any other reason, Yataghan charges are as fatal to Turkish discipline as the bayonet charges of regular troops are to the valor of savages, When the Monte- negrins throw aside their guns, grip their knives and go into battle with a rush, few Turks stand before them. There seems no doubt that the battle of Wednesday, near Kiek (at Utowa)—so say the most reliable reports— was characterized by great barbarity. The insurgents do not pretend to take any prisoners in battle. They finish the wounded by cutting their throats, As for the Turks, they retaliate as much as possible by giving no quarter, although they strenuously deny the fact. Happily, in this latitude the denial of a Turk does not carry much weight with it, The insurgents had bad nothing to eat, except some bread made of the bitter roots which they grubbed up in the mountains, for two days, at the epoch of the vis- itors’ arrival. The men do not complain, as they aro recruited from a class accustomed to hunger and thirst, to long abstinence from food and to vigils in the forests and on the rocky plains. Their greatest suffer- ings are caused by the impossibility of getting plenty of water, They have been several times on the verge of perishing from thirst. In many of the valleys in this almost desolate region, at the gateway of the Herzegovina, there are no streams. Water is a luxury, brought from afar. The camp has always to be selected with a view to the water supply ag well as to defence, and long marches to reach that supply are sometimes necessary. The men did not make any complaints to their visitors of the scarcity of food, THE INSURGENTS EVER VIGILANT. They all smoke their long pipes and their guns are their constant attendants. They never stack arms, No man quits bis weapons night or day; every one is eternaily vigilant. The Turks, on the contrary, are often entirely off their guard, and I have notfced them in their little fortresses and redoubts on the Trebigne road acting in the most unguarded fashion when, to my certain knowledge, the insurgents were not fifteen minutes’ march from them. The regulars, such of them as come from warmer climates, are half dead with cold and nostalgia I saw @ row of them standing, melancholy and forlorn, on the edge of a precipice at the top of the great moun- tain on which the fortress of Driena stands. The beggars were picturesque enough in their particolored garments, over which they had draped their great gray cloaks with hoods. But they seemed out of place with their wild, strange, Asiatic faces and their curious, Oriental ways in this kind of Southern Switzerland, thousands of feet above the fertile valleys which stretch toward the Adriatic, They scowled at the mists, which came in great sheets and clouds to envelop their stone fort and themselves in folds to which the glorious sunset lent a couleur de rose, which was far from the samo aa the tinge of their hopes and impressions, The naked crags, towering bere and there above them, held for them implacable enemies who rejoice in the gloom of the mountains and who can tread the dizziest paths in the thickest mist, The very shepherds, who lie cling- ing to dizzy rocks all day, with the kids skipping and browsing around them, are in the interest of the insur- gents, and doubtless have many a communication with the Montenegrins and the Herzegovinians who are con- cealed close to the Austrian frontier, with a view to sooner or later pouwncing upon the sacks of flour and other provisions which the Turks have not yet succeeded in conveying through to Trebigne, The two points heid by the Turks at Dricna—the one a poorly built redoubt on an immense peak, and the other the fort before mentioned—might, perhaps, be taken after several vigorous assaults, but they would cost more lives than the insurgents can spare, so that they aro free from danger. AUSTRIAN AND RUSSIAN SYMPATHY. Tho insurgents go and come at their own will, how- ever, as if the fortresses did not exist, It is very curious that they are allowed so much freedom of pass- age In and out of Austria They aro never disturbed, although they swarm about with their girdles filled with weapons, and depart for the front with their rifles slang over their shoulders, They come here to Ragusa to be healed, and they return to the fleld with their pockets filled with money given them at Ragusa, ‘rho Russian agents here, whose names are legion, are Surprised to see that the insurgents find quite as much sympathy in Austria as can be sent down to them by Russia. The Austrian government is not Itkely, at least pacify the insurgents and to tell them for several years to come, to do anything which will highly displeaso its Slavic populations, 80 numerous, and such an important element {n the Prosperity of the Empire, ‘The refugees here, as well as elsewhere, are carofully looked after. The praise- worthy efforts of the Austrian government in their behalf aro seconded by those of a general agent, who has formed relief societies throughout Europe, and who bas done vast goad by distributing money and provisions here, at Milcoviten, and at all the points where masses of people who have been chased from their burning villages have accumulated. At Milco- vitch the suffering among the refugees has been fright ful beyond description; many people haye become almost insane under the stern pressure of their mis- fortunes, and thousands are living in holes in the ground and caves in the rocks, with scarcely a rag to cover them, In a few days the autumn rains will transform the rivers, in their narrow mountain chan- nels, into torrents; the poorly constructed roads will become masses of mud and loose stones; these people will not be able to return home, and will suffer in their exile, while, on the other hand, the Turks, who will not succeed in revictualling their strongholds, run a fair risk of starving to death almost within sight of land overflowing with plenty, The insurgent camp will shortly be in this vicinity again, if the leaders carry out their plan of getting possession of Trebigne at all hazards. They have cer- tainly won some important victories in the vicinity of Klek, and, should they succeed in maintaining a position there and in keeping up the system of harassing attacks which they understand so well along the road to Tre- bigne, they can do very much as they please. The most melancholy fact of all is that Herzegovina is well nigh ruined. In the vicinity of Mostar dozens of villages have been burned Tho Greek Christian has persecuted the Catholic because the latter has co- operated with the Turks, and the Catholic has done all that he can against the Greek. The Turk has ravaged and pillaged, and has afterward denied having done it Result, a broken down country, roofless houses and maimed men in the villages; refugees and banditti in the towns, and disaffection and danger everywhere. The Turks are getting desperate. There was almost a savage flerceness in the tone with which a Turkish officer in a fort near Trebigne asked me the other day, “When are they going to have done with diplomacy? Wo are anxious to do something and get out of this sit- uation. ”? And now, in sueceeding letters I will give you some pictures of the towns, the people and the progress of the insurrection beyond the mountains which shut Trebigne out from our view. THE LATEST BATTLE. RaGvsa, Oct, 1—Evening. The arrival of quite a train of wounded insurgents here this evening not only creates quite a commotion in the little city, but unexpectedly brings us some de- tails of the battle of the 29th of September. It appears that a part of the insurgent forces, numbering 900 men, under command of Ljubibratich, left the camp which I mentioned in my previous letter on the evening of the 25th, They marched most of the night and next day and stopped on thé 27th in a village on the left bank’ of the Trebinitza, This village, some time prev- Jously, had been burned by order of Lyubibratich, so that the chief of the place, cherishing rancor against the insurgent chief, gave him false informa- tion, and consequently some of his movements were mistakes. In the night of the 28th the insur- gents made another forced march, the chiefs desiring to make arapid attack upon the post of Kok, and, if possible, to hold it, On the morning of tho 20th they arrived before the little fort of Utowa, which they found abandoned. Here Ljubibratich and his aids went on to the neighboring heights, and shortly re- turned with the pleasing intelligence that he was between two Turkish armies, A movement of retreat was therefore begun in the direction of Gradatz. At that point, which was reached in safety, the Montene- grins, commanded by Peko Paulowitch, went up tho mountain and began an attack upon the Turks, despite the contrary orders given by Ljubibratich. The action was, however, continued by the chief, when he saw that it was necessary, and Ljubibratich began a move- ment on the left of the Turks; but the men did not follow hig movayeonte well, and he was consequently compelled to-retreat. The combat lasted three hours— the retreat two hours. The insurgents lost three killed and seventeen wounded, and the Turks some sixty or seventy. A French officer, who has been following the insurgents, and who is here this evening, affirms that there were fifty-eight heads or noses of Turks brought away by tho insurgents. These details, showing that the insurgents did not and have not, as yet, succeeded in achieving a victory at Klek, characterize the war plainly. It is to be, as it has already been, a long struggle, filled with partial successes On both sides, and it isto be feared with no feat of arms of importance for the insurgents, The tele- grams announced this fight as a great victory; yet, here come the insurgents themselves announcing that it was merely a defeat or, at best, a failure. The insurgents are to return at once to their camp near Ragusa, whence they will again make the road between this place and Trebinge unsafe for Turks. I have this even- ing seen two letters from Ijubibratich, neither of which show any discouragement, but which indicate clearly that they have renounced any project of captur- ing Klek. THE CROPS. THE OCTOBER REPORT BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE—CONDITION OF CEREALS, SUGAR CANE AND HOPS—AN INTERESTING LETTER FROM A CORRESPONDENT. | Wasurveton, Oct, 28, 1875, The October report of the Department of Agriculture contains accounts from New Jersey, Wisconsin and Minnesota, showing a large decrease in the cranberry crop by insects and frost. The rice crop in South Caro- lina, Florida, Georgia and Louisiana is much larger than usual. In North Carolina the great crop was formerly rice, but since the war the production has fallen off, and no crop has taken the place upon the large and valuable rice plantations, which have consequently almost gone to ruin. THE SUGAR CANE. The sugar cane in Georgia was cut short by drought. In some parts of Florida no more than three per cont of acrop was planted for want of seed, but there will be an average yield. In other parts of the State tho crops were brought up to a full average by the August and September rains, In Alabama there was a largely increased acreage in average condition. In Mississippi the leading planters are manufacturing their sugar and molasses at home from Louisiana and African cane, Much cane will not be ground for want of mills, and will, therefore, be lost. Louisiana has not justified the promise of its fine appearance in the spring. The sorghum crop, though injured in some sections, is represented as generally fine, THE HOP CROP. ‘Tne hop crop 1s quite good, In Now York the yicld was at least one-third more than any crop for tho last five years. There was a large yield on all the fields in Oregon. The culture there is yet in its infancy, but the bottom lands of the Willammette will probably prove the finest lands in the world for hop growing. HEMP CROP, The hemp crop in Kentucky is vory fine, and has been cut in good time. VATTENING CATTLE. The number of fattening cattle in the country is somewhat greater than Inst yoar, Ther is a falling off in the New England States, except Connecticut, which reports an increase nearly balancing the deficiency of the others. A correspondent at Sussex, Va, writes to the De- partment of Agricalture as follows: — THE CRRRALS, “Tho cereals are attracting more attention from our farmers, They are becoting alive to the fact that cot- ton alone js not sufficient for ali the demands made upon it Before the war we tajsed negroes and worked them, ourselves and our lands wnogt to death, in order to get money to buy more negroes Now, cotton has been substituted for the negro, We work ourselves almost to death to make cotton, and x4 soon ag made we soll it to buy commercial fertilizers and hire labor to make more cotton, and so on, never having anything except a little cotton, which ‘we expend in the ways indicated to enabie us to make more cotton. But let us get to making grain largely, raising stock and aiver- sifying our crops, and the good old days will return, when, instead of sitting down to our dinner with @ little piece of scrawny Western shoulder bought on credit we will have Virginia ham and cab- bage, both of our own raising, and all tho splendid lax- uries On which we were raised, but which now are creatures either of fancy or of the memories of the doad past. Many of the farmers of Missouri are in- vesting largely in fruit culture, especially apples amd grapes. In Florida the cereal crops are being fast abandoned and supplanted by the culture of oranges. In this Stato there is an excellent crop of guavas, and, doubtless, a large quantity will be converted into jelly, THE STATE CAMPAIGN. Oneida, Otsego, Herkimer, Montgomery, Fulton and Hamilton, Saratoga and Schenectady Counties. ROSCOE CONKLING’S DEFEAT IN ONEIDA The Saratoga District and What Used To Be Said About It. SENATOR WAGNER’S DANGER. Unica, Oneida Cony: wie’} § The county of Onelda, which isa Senatorial district in itself, is celebrated for a great many things; among others that of being the home of our two United States Senators, of a small army of federal office-holders and several federal judges appointed through tho influence of the man who would not be a chief justice because some of his friends and himself have an idea he would make & good successor to President Grant, As arule, Oneida is overwhelmingly republican, and although Seymour and Kernan aro personally very popular in the district the democrats have been able but once in many years, though they always try very hard, to carry the county. Even in 1868, when Seymour ran for President, the republicans were ablo to carry Deerfield, his own town, by five votes against him and the county by over 1,300 majority. When Kernan was up for Governor the closing of the polls on election day showed 2,156 majority against him, which, however, was cut down by Tilden last year to 351, but this was owing more to the republican stay-at-home vote, which was very nearly 2,000, than to the conces- sion ot any great number of republicans to the demo- cratic principles advocated during the campaign. Tho democrats, however, at the same time elected their candidate for Congress, defeating Ellis H. Roberts by 1,426 votes, although his majority two years before was 2,803. But this almost unlooked-for event was not so much tho result of any par- ticular hold the democrats had got of the district as ofa disaffection in the republican ranks brought about by Senator Conkling, whose law partner the democratic candidate was, and who so managed things that all the federal officers and thetr followers threw their influence against Roberts. The fact that the county went against Tilden is the best proof of this. Still, the democrats reaped quite a harvest from the disaffection and elected three out of the four Assembly- men, being defeated in the Fourth district by a little over 500 votes. Early in the campaign this year the democrats were in ecstasies over the situation, believing Ormly that the quarrel between tho Conkling and Roberts parties would be sucn as to afford them an opportunity of not only electing an Assemblyman in tho First, Second and Third districts, but also tho Senator. They were led to * this hopeful anticipation by the action of some of the republicans weeks previous to the meeting of the Re- publican Senatorial Convention. Senator Conkling wanted a man nominated for Stato Senator whom the Roberts men did not, and both sides worked for days with wonderful zeal to outgeneral the other before the battle would really begin; but the candidate whom the Conkling party did not want was finally nominated. Just before the Convention met the Conklng party saw that they could not have their own way, and with a wisdom born of sheer neces- sity concluded to mako the best of the situation and so | made no open fight. Indeed, after Mr. Sayre was nomi- nated, with the view of leading republicans in the rost of the State to bolieve that Senator Conkling had made no efforts to secure the Convention for a man other than Sayre, they indignantly denied that there ever had been any division among the republicans on the Sena, torial question, and denounced all the reports to that effect as all moonshine, as though the fact had not been ‘an open secret to every politician in the district. The knowledge that Mr. Sayre had not been tho choico o¢ the Conkling party gave the democrats considerable satisfaction after the nomination was made, and they straightway went to work with the idea that Conkling out of spite would serve up Sayre ashe had Roberts, but they wero doomed to disappointment. Finding that thoy would be only cut- ting their own throats for the entertainment of their political enemies, the republicans resolved to wipe out their old differences and to go into the fight shoulaer to shoulder, as, no matter now much some of them had desired another candidate than Sayre, there could be no denying that he was a good republican and a man in every way worthy of a united support. THE SENATORIAL FIGHT. Thus it is that the democrats find themselves left to their own resources to elect Josiah K. Brown, their Senatorial candidate, an excellent man, who will poll his full party vote, except in the city of Utica and immediate vicinity. Notwithstanding the united front presented by the republicans, and the thor- ough manner in which the party 18 organ- ized, not only in Utica but in all the outlying towns in the county, there are not a few of the democrats who believe that Brown will draw enough republican votes outside the city to give him the election. Senator Kernan, whom I met the other day at Rochester on his 4 way to Buffalo, in speaking to me about the prospects in the district, with that frankness which is character- stic of the man, said that the democrats had big odds to contend against, but that with hard work he be- lieved they had a chance of electing Brown, but the county being so strongly republican he considered ita chance only. ‘We are all in tho fight,” said he, “determined to win. We are well organized and expect to poll a very large vote, and our candidate is a strong one, who may possibly make a break in the republican ranks. Ifhe does we will hayo more than a mere chance to elect him. But,” he added, “there is a big republican majority to got rid of, and to get rid of it will be no small job.”” Brown isa resident of a country town in the district and Sayre is a resident of Utica, This fact will, the re- pubdlicans contend, greatly benefit their candidate, as they think he will run well in the country towns, and as many democrats are anxious that the Senator should be a city man they will vote for Sayre accordingly. On the other hand, the democrats say that they will seo to it that the city gives a good majority for Brown. Last year, although the county gave Dix a small majority, this city gave a Tilden majority of 441. A few of the dem. oerats who have been canvassing the city say that Brown will this year carry it by 600 to 600 majority, ‘This is rather too hopeful a calculation, I think, and if they succeed in carrying it for the State ticket by the game majority they did last fall they will be doing well, while I am of the opinion that if Brown does get a ma- jority in the city, it will be # very small one, indeed, THR ASSEMBLY DELEGATION. The contest in the four Assembly districts is a very lively one, In the last Legislature the county was rep- resented by three democrats and one republican, the latter from the Fourth district, The democrats have renominated Richard N. Shorman in the First and Silas T. Ives in the Second, their candidates in the Third and Fourth being James H. Flannigan and Walter Ballou. The republican candidates are Ar- thur B. Johnson in the First, Sylvester Gridley i the Second, Curtis J. Wright in the Third and George B, ‘Anderson in the Fourth. Sherman's majority last fall in the First district was only 175, although, as I have before said, the city of Utica gave over 400 democratic majority to the State ticket, A determined effort 1s being made by the republicans to dofeat him, and al- though the leading democrats are doing their best to Wwe the way to victory for him, a8 matters now look r. Sherman’s prospects are not of the brightest, There are two things which, in my opinion, will de- prive him of many democratic as well ag republican votes he received last year. One is the disappointment felt by several of those who worked hard for him at the polls at his not obtaining an appointment of any kind at Albany for his district. ‘Not even an assistant doorkeeper,” said a melancholy democrat, in complain- ing about the matter, The other drawback to his election is that he was asked last year to ¢ an appropriation through the Legislature for the Contral New York Fair Association, but did not, and it 18 said that when his attention was called 'to the fact that the Western New York Fair Association had obtained a donation for the mere asking, Mr. SI expressed total ignorance of any such’ appropriation having been made! This carelessness will, it appears, cost him not a few votes next Tuesday, Still, the hi that if he is elected, and the Lower House should democratic, he will be made Speaker and thus be able to control several good appointments for his district ay secure for him enough votes to offet those he may Jose for the rousons I have stated. His opponent, Johnson, has a very strong hold on his party vote, and Sherman will get very few republican votes. It is moro than probable that Ivea in the Limes are quite abundant, apd wil) eon be furnished tn quantities for shipping,’” Second district will be defeated by Gridley. It seems that during the campaign last year he promised that if they would use their influence to have him elected be would obtain for the Clinton Iron Compauy the privi- loge to use the water in the canal as a motive power in their establishment, The company supported him, but Mr. Ives failed somehow to secure to them what they had bargained for. Not only this, in spite of the agree- ment he had entored into he coolly took the tron-clad oath when he went to Albany. The company, chafing under their di intment, have Jotoly: it the cat out of the bag, and general effect upon the voters will be hurtful to Ives on election day. ‘The district, anyhow, {sa republican district, it being the one which was cut Out expressly at the last apportionment for the benefit Roberts. The of Mr. are in favor of the election of Mr. Flan! over Mr. Wright in the Third district. Edward Lewis, democrat, carried it last year eke Cromwolt by 416 majority. The election of repanlices, in the Fourth district isa fore- gone conclusion. If my impression of the situation in the four districts is not a mistaken one, the democrats will experience @ loss of one Assemblyman and a oreremad los of a second. In each district the pro- ibitionists have a candidate, but as the temperance vote in the entire county last yoar was only 859 their candidacy can have but little effecton the general re- be peal oe im any one district will not be 80 close @ temperance men will be a balance of power. ve THE TWENTIETH SENATORIAL DISTRIOT. In tho Senatorial district adjoining this the strugsle over the Senatorship is being carried on by both parties in the most thorough style. I refer to the Twentieth district, which is com of the two counties of Otsego and Herkimer. ‘The former is a democratic county and the latter blican, and both candidates— Loo democrat, Gilbert, republican—are rest- dents of Otsego county. This district was represented during the last two years by McGowan, a republican. His majority, when elected over Avery, his democratic opponent, was only 851, Herkimer giving him 1,116 more votes than Avery, while the latter got a majority 265 in Otsego. Avery was certainly not the man for tho ag’ the democratic State ticket at year obtained =a majorit iy Otsego on alight vote of 406, while the majority for the republican ticket in Herkimer was 991, or 125 less than that given to McGowan, The democrats this year havo in Loomis a very strong can who will poll aconsiderable number of republican votes in Herkimer county, {t must be remembered that county is democratic it is so by a small majority. Herkimer’s republican majority, as arulo, being about twice as large as the det io rnajority im Otsego, This condition ofthings very naturally places the demo- crats at a disadvantage to start with in a contest for Senator; but this year, besides having an extremely popular candidate, they are splendidly organized in the very place they to be the most, in Herkimer county, .On the other hand, Gilbert, the republican candidate, is a po man and well known in both counties, and prota of all men in tho district the strongest his Late = have put in the fleld. The odds are against the democrats to all present appear- ances; yet as ona Cig ag vote they succeeded last “year in cutting down the republican majority of 991 in 1873 to 351 they confidently believe they will elect Loomis. In Otsego county he will be sure to fet man} republican yotes, and he will, it is thought by his friends, make considerable headway with the republi- cans in Herkimor, more especially in Little Falla, Ger- man Newport and Frankfort. I was informed at Oneonta, in Otsego county, by the democrats, that he would probably carry that town, though it gave Dixa majority last year, and that he would pick up a few re- ublican votes in the towns of Richfield, Laurens, Storia, Plainfleld and Exeter, which ordinarily give re- publican majorities, However, Gilbert's friends con- tend that ho will run ahead of his ticket in Herkimer county, where there will be a full vote polled, and that he will secure not a few democratic votes in both counties. It is apparent that in both counties the two candidates will run well, The victor’s ma- jority will certainly be a very small one, and I should not wonder bat that the vote will be so as to re- quire the official count in order to decide the election. In Otsego the democratic candidates for Assembly in the two districts are te pred men who will add consid- orable strength to tho State and Senatorial tickets of their party. They are James 8. Davenport in the First district, and George Scramling in the second. They are opposed respectively by William L. Brown and Meigs Case, there being in each district a prohibition candidate who will only add to the certainty of the election of the two democrats, The republicans have some hopes of batt ge: the Second district, but they will be disappoint! ‘erkimer county will clect Myron McKie, republican, by a Majority over Chauncey Matthews, democrat, who will run well. Although tho temperance candidate in the county EMR bad ot 363 yotes, the republican candi was eli by 413 votes over the democratic Thero is no temper- ance candidate this , which renders McKio’s chances doubly sure. great mass of the demo- crats in Oneida, as well ag in Otsego and Herkimer counties, will yote the straight ticket. I hardly think that Oneida will give a democratic majority this year, as she did last In Otsego and Herkimer many republicans wil vote the democratic ticket, with the exception of Bigelow. Otsego’s democratic majority, however, even with this help, will not, I think, be as large as {t was last year, ag many democrats will not vote the State ticket at all, NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. THE HARTFORD'S CREW PAID OFF—BUSY SCENB AT THE NAVY YARD—THE INTREPID’s TRIAL— EARLY DEPARTURE OF THE SWATARA. Tho Brooklyn Navy Yard was unusually lively yester- day, and the hurry, push and zealous flitting about of the officers, biuc jackets and gentlo land sharks that play around aship going out of commission recalled war times, when affairs wero always driven ahead at full pressure. Tho old Hartford was paying off, and that one fact, supported by the other very substantial one that $75,000 in greenbacks were to be set afloat, attracted more than the usual number of sailors’ wiveg, boarding house keepers, shipping masters, thieves and all the varied shoal of bad ones that live upon the nard earnings of the man-of-war’s man and demoralizo tho service. On board the famous frigate all seemed at odds and ends. Foro and aft the final labor of packing was goingon; but nono of the men omitted to approach the paymaster’s desk, when, under tho supervision of Captain Harmony or Lieu- tenant Commander Shepherd, the proper payments were made, discharges granted’ and service medals be- stowed. Some of the “boys in blue’ received over $1,000 in crispy greonbacks, and the average pay- ments must have been $200 or $300, Such prizes, ot course, are not overlooked by the sharks, Of the Hartford’s crew it may be said that the standard of health, vigor and persorial good looks, for which our navy is noted, was thoroughly maintained. Bronzed by continued service in the Chinese seas they appeared as healthy a lot of men as ever manned a frigate, and no doubt a largo proportion of them will again re-enlist under the fag when they have enjoyed their allotted holiday of three months. The Hartfor@rwill not go out of commission. Licu- tenant Commander Shepherd and three junior watch officers will remain on board until the flagship Worces- ter, Rear Admiral Mullaney, arrives and transfers her officers and crew to the Hartford. She is in excellent condition and can be sent to sea in a few days. The torpedo boat Intrepid, Lieutenant Commander C. L. Huntington, is still atthe Navy Yard. Her en- ines are being overhauled by the workmen of Mr. Foun Roach, ber builder, bat in the trial yester- day no marked improvement was observed in her workings, although a defective and unpleasantly dan- gerous feature was developed in her boilers, common, it is feared, to the class now being introduced into the navy. ‘The Intrepid’s speed will not come up to the mark. ‘The corvette Swata) Commander Cooke, is under sailing orders, and will probably leave for Para, South America, on Saturday. Thoso desiring to send letters to her hereafter should mail them to Portau Prince, as they will doubtless reach her in sixty days, A QUARRYMAN’S LUCK. A YORTUNE OF TWENTY THOUSAND DOLLARS BEGS HIS ACCEPTANCE AFTER MONTHS OF SEARCH—AN UNCLE IN GERMANY REMEMBERS HIM, Port Jurvis, N. ¥., Oct. 27, 1875. Something like a year ago a quarryman named Fritz Simmons, living in the town of Saugerties, Ulster county, and barely earning enough to support nimself and a large family, received a letter post marked “Freyburg, Germany.” It was written by a man who stated that he was the attorney of the estate of Conrad Schmidt, an uncle of Simmons’, who had died, leaving a fortune ‘of some-50,000 guilders ($20,000 in gold), having no heirs but the nephew in Ulster county. Simmons was directed to have apower of attorney issued by the proper authorities in this country, upon the receipt of which bythe German lawyer the fortune would be forthcoming. Simmons, who, by tho way, is an intelli- gent man, put no faith in the statements of the letter, although he bad an uncle hving in Freyburg by the name of Conrad Schmidt, but supposed it was the work of sharpers who desired to obtain money from him on the pretence of the fortune, He paid no attention to the letter, and the circumstance was soon forgotten by him. Since then, as is now leafned, the lawyer in Germany has been making net iry by letter in various places in this country for the whereabouts of Fritz Simmons, and finally asked the German Consul in New York to aid him. The Consul a short time since wrote to the postmasters of various places, making inquiry for Simmons, and among them was tho Postmaster at Saugerties. Simmons was at once notified of the re- ceipt of the letter, and the proper papers were made out and sent to Germany. Last week he received a gold draft for $20,000 from the Consul, which has been july honored, atrd tho quarrymaa ts lifted from poverty to comparative opulence, A NEW PILOT BOAT. The new and beautiful pilot bont Thomas D. farri- fon, built by Jacob 8, Ellis, at Tottenville, for the Now Jersey pilots, was completed in all details on Wednes- day and i#now at anchor off Tompkinsville, making Preparations for an excursion trip down the bay on Monday next. Her dimensions are 76 foet keol, 86 foot ‘on deck, 21 feet beam, 8 feot depth of hold and 134 tons moasurement; draught of water, 9 feet; le of foremast, 73 fect; length of mainmast, 15 fect, She ta tho tallest rigged pilot boat in the harbor. The cabins are finished in hard wood, in the style of the steamship _Gity of Peking, and by the same ship joinom OO AFTER THE ELECTION. What the Democrats and Republicans Think. THE RELIGIOUS QUESTION LOOMING UP The Future of the Cur- rency Question. Cincrxnatt, Oct. 25, 1875. “Did you really believe that Allen would carry Ohio by 50,000 majority ?”’ I asked a leading Western demo- crat the other day, and he replied, “Certainly, I had ‘not a doubt of it.”” “But what made you think so and how were you dow ceived, you, who ought to be a shrewd calculator?” E asked. His reply was very instructive. ‘I take it for granted in ali political calculations,” he said, ‘that the mass of the people are rogues, who will vote for any scheme which promises either plunder or the leave to cheat each other. So believing I was persuaded thas Obio would be swept by Allen on the inflation platform, Tam hard money man; but Iam a democrat, and I believed that the inflation movement would be a suc- cess for our party, I still believe it was a good stroke in politics, and, before you laugh, see how small Hayes’ majority is.” I replied, ‘You democrats have been too gonerally acting upon your theory that the people aro a set of scoundrels, and I notice you have not carried a de- clsive election for many years,’? “True,”’ he replied, “but there are other reasons for that, Look at the vote in Ohio, and remember that 2,500 voters woutd have changed the result, in an elec- tion which bro@yit out almost every man, THE CURRENCY QUESTION. ‘ “Tg the rag baby dead?” I asked a prominent hard money republican here. He replied:—‘No, it is not dead; itis Mike the cow struck by a locomotive, The conductor, having stop] the train, asked the brake-. man, who he had sent to examine her, ‘Is she dead ?? ‘No,’ replied the brakeman, ‘but she is a good deal dis-. couraged.’ That is about the condition of tho rag baby. I Kopea to have attended’ a hard money convention here, but its meeting was indefinitely postponed at the request of the Now York delegates. “We wore not sorry,” I was told here, ‘It was nota good time for it; would have been but a small m From 8t, Louis, we learned, we could not have goteven a respectable delegation, and if the convention had been held it would not have been by ilymtrin ibid body. Boston and New England gen ly would have sent rage A Sue men; but from the West and South there would have been but a small show. With us here hard Lats ing now is Grea) not ispecies not believe in it, but becauso the campaign everybody co Tt was better not to meet.” “Did you not make an HE eat on the public by the vigorous lena or Pl Tasked, “Yes, a very decided impression,’? was the reply, “In the cities we brought pablic poinion to the point. where I think merchants and business men were ashamed to own themselves inflationists; and to-day a business man would lose credit, and probably alarm his creditors, if he were to profess himself an inflation- ist. Still, in all the country districts less impression was lo; and there is no doubt that a great many men who owe money; farmers who have a mortgage on their lands; dealers who owe notes; debtors of all kinds have been affected badly by the hope which the inflationists held out to this class of being able to pay their debts in a depreciated currency.’? The hard money democrats, of whom there are a good many, are very anxious about the result of the ennsylvania and New York elections. They would like to see Pennsylvania go republican, and the best informed men of both parties here, at present, believe it will be carried by that party.” The hard’ money fasts eyed Lyi to an ho Lounetres ticket carry New York by a 2 aio y; but their expecta- tions are moderate. “Ton thousand majority would satisfy me,” said one of the most eminent of this number to me a night or two ago, Another remarked, “If Tilden carries New York it will disable the rag money mon in our party here. It is not impossible that McLean and Pendleton may carry an inflation delegation to the National Convention, They are shrewd managers and have a good deal of power in the party here; but if the New York democrats carry this election by ahandsome majority Ohio will have but little influence in the National Convention. The claws of the inilation leaders ip our party here will be effect ually pared.” BOTH PARTIES ALARMED, What strikes me as odd is that both parties seem @ little discouraged. If the democratic hard money men would be content with only 10,000 majority in New York the republicans on the other hand seem to be by no means overheated with their victory. Many even of the most Intelligent of them think the school bill— which means the Catholic question—helped them and are apparently not unwilling to see the Pope made an issue even in the national campaign. When I remarked upon the absurdity and incongruity of such an issue m our national politics the reply was that the danger ofa democratic victory is great, that the party had made a narrow escape in e election just passed, and, in short, ‘any port in a storm,” as the sailors say. “Inthe cities all over the State we made infla- tion odious,” said such a republican to me, ‘but in the country districts the Pope played an important part, Mr. Schurz does not see it so, but it was so, neverthe- less.” I remark upon this, however, that I’ think m; friend overstated his case, There is very good evi- dence that the currency question became the one ab- sorbing question almost everywhere in the campai, What prominent republicans say to the contrary is im- portant mainly as showing that they are not unwilling to use the religious question as a stalking horse even in the next year’s campaign, and that tho President shrewdly struck the possible keynote of that campaign in his Dos Moines speech. Ifone objects that such an issue would be a great public calamity, that it would serve admirably to prevent necessary reforms and that it would tnevitably be used by corrupt men to protect themselves and further their schemes, the reply of the men ofwhom I speak is that the greatest possible calamity would be a democratic success next year. T conclude, from what I hear, that there are republie cans, and mon of influence in the party, who contem- plate making the religious question an issue next year; and if you question them closely you find that sumo are sincerely alarmed, believing that the democratic leaders are capable of making a bargain with the Roman Catholics and keeping it, while others are simply frightened at the prospect of a democratic success. They say that the federal administration ts weak and hateful to the people; that itis killing the republican party; that it has lost its hold on the people, and 80 on. Indeed, it would startle the Presidgnt, I think, could he know in what light he is regarded here by men who are republicans and mean to be nothing else; men to whom, as it seems to me when I hear them speak, the republican party has got to be a kind of re- ligion, It would be disrespectful to the President were I to quote some of the remarks such men have made to me of him; but the fact that not a few of thom gravely regard it as among the possibilities that General Grant will be offered and will accept a democratic nomination next year shows what is their opinion of him. When I laughed at this, the first time I heard it, Iwas told that the President was known, during the past summer, to have had Mr. Wash McLean to dinner and was more or less intimate with him; and of Mr, McLean anything is thought possible out here, In- deed, if he were really as able and strong a man as some of his opponents think him, he would be a very formidable person. In his own eae there are people who have a very poor opinion of him, I find, but they acknowledge that he is very adroit in the management of conventions, I asked a republican what part Gen- eral Grant’s name played !n the canvass, He replied sharply, “It was never mentioned, To have baton him up would have defeated us, Tho truth is if the democrats had adopted a sound hard money plat form and made war on the administration from such @ standpoint they might have carried the State by 20,000 or 30,000," Voor f 1 olbe are in a very ansettled cone the ‘Altogether dition in Ohio; an most serene people one sees hero ut little anxiety are the independent voters. They have about the future; they have just beaten inflation moni and know it; they have no particular nervousness about the future of the republican y, because General Grant, as they say, has tolerably succeeded in weaning them ' from it; they havo a great and unconcealed con- tempt for Mi , Allen and their set in the demo- cratic party, as being not only bad men, but blunder heads; and they believe that somewhere noxt year there will be a ticke’ and platform fit to vote for. What is delightful in them is that they do not believe the country is goig to rain, or that it lies in the powor of any set of men on either side to carry it there. They say tho Syracuse platform is so good that either one party or the other is sure to adopt it next year; , and they, these Independents, are prepared to follow their principles. For the hye the election had one good result, It has laid aside forever good many politicians of the Allen and Caroy kind, who are spoken of here by everybody, and by nobody more than the democrats, as happily dead and buried out of the way. I was a little surprised to find how generally Mr. Thurman is counted by the democrats as among the defunct, It seems a pity, for he certainly deserved a better fate. ‘THR FUTURE OF THE CURRENCY QUESTION. What strikes me here most forcibly is the absolute nocessity of coming to some vonclusion soon about the currency. Kyerything waite for that, and what is the least endurable is this waiting. Even tho inflationista @ walked are ready to have something inflation, but they will hail specie y cannot carry thoir own moas- The present condition js one of stagnation; rot affects everything; his is a so exasperating im @ country which has all lively prosperity that my own be- rd money men do not hasten specio ong the possibilities that the whole West may be swept by inflation; not because the people are rascals, as my democratic friend thought, but be- cause thoro is a goneral and growing demand for somo measure or change which shall move the wheels of business and enterprise, Against such a demand it ia useless to argue. e man ick and he wants a doo. tor to cure him; he will take a skilful doctor if ono nts himself, but he will accept aquack rather than ve none, This is foolish, ut it is natural. Novhing hag impressed me moro strongly hero than that the friends of specie payments have a great opportunity, if they can use it, but that the res i not last very jong, CHARLES NURDHUFE the materials fot

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