The New York Herald Newspaper, September 18, 1875, Page 6

6 NEW YORK ITERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.—On and after January 1, 1875, the daily and weekly editions of the New York Hznap will be sent free of postage. THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year. Four cents per copy. ‘Twelve dollars per year, or one dollar per month, free of postage, to subseribers. All business or news letters and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York Henarp. Letters and packages should be properly | sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- turned. LONDON OFFICE OF T HE NEW YORK HERALD—NO. 46 FLEET STREET. PARIS OFFICE—NO. 61 AVENUE DE L'OPERA. Subscriptions and advertisements will be received and forwarded on the same terms as in New York. (0, 261 AMUSEMENTS THIS APPERNOON AND EVENING, BOOTH’S THEATRE, ‘Twenty-third street and Sixth avenue,—THE GAMESTER, a:SP.M. Mr. Burry Sullivan, Matinee at 1:30 P.M. DARLING'S OPERA HOUSE, ‘Twenty-third street and Sixth avenue.—COTTON & REEDS FPtases, wee. M.; closes at 10 P.M. Matinee at 2 OLYMPIC No, 624 Broadway.—VARIETY, at 5 2M. Matinee at 2 P.M. THEATRE, M s | closes at 10:45 PARK THEATRE, Eases & and Twenty-second street.—THE MIGHTY DOL- AR, at 5 P.M. Mr. and Mrs. Florence. Matinee at 1:30 | GARDEN, ‘D POPULAR CON. {ate Barnum's Hippodi |. Masinee at 2 P.M. CERT, at 5 P.M. ; closes at 11 P. METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART, ad West Fourteenth street.—Open from 10 A. M. to 5 TIVOLI THEATRE, Eighth street, near Third avenue.—VARIETY, at 8 P. M. FIPTH AVENUE THEATRE, Twonty-eighth stregt, near Broadway. TOUR BOYS, at 8 BM. closes wt 10:20'P. M. Matinee at 1:50 P. M—BaltA- COLONEL SINN’S PARK THEATRE, Brooklyn.—VARIETY, at 8 P.M.; closes as 10:46 P.M. ‘Matinee at 2 P.M. WALLACK’S THEATRE, and Thirteenth street.—English Comic Opera— GIMORLE Si GIROFLA, at 8 P.M. Miss Julia Mathews, Mr. GI. Macdermott. “Matinee at 1:20PM THEATRE COMTEDS, Fe, 5'4 Brosdwar: —VARIETY, at 5 I P.M. Mutinee at 27. M. closes at 10:45 WoOD's MUSEUM, Broadway, corner of Thirtiesh street.—MARKED FOR LIFE, at 8 P. M.; closes at 10:45 P.M. Matinee at 2 P. M. GRAND OPERA HOUSE, Eighth avenue, corner of Twenty third street.—PIONEER PATRIOTS, af © P.M. ; cloves ot Li P.M Mr. Harry Watkins. Matinee at 1 :30 P. METROPOLITAN THEATRE, Nos. 585 and 587 Broadwa: RIETY, at 5 P.M. LYCEUM THEATRE, Fonrteenth — street.—French Opera Bouffe MADAME UARCHIDUC, a8 5 P.M. Matinee at 1:30 P. PARISIAN VARIETIES, Sixteenth street and Broadway.—VARIETY, at 6 P. M. Mutinee at 2 P.M. gg td OF MUSIC, irda rieenth _street.—AROUND THE “— eigurr “DAYS. at SP. M.; closes at 1i P. 3 Ustinee at 1:30 P.M. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, New Opera House, Broadway, corner of Twenty-ninth street, MBP.M. Matinee at 2 P.M. GERMANIA THEATRE, Fourteenth street, near Irving place.—RABAGAS, at 8 P.M; closes at 10:90 P. M. AMERICAN INSTITUTE, Third avenue and Sixty-third street.—Day and evening. TRIPLE SHEET. NEW YORK, SATURDAY EPTEMBER 18, 1875, From our reports this morning the probabilities are that the weather to-day will he cooler and cloudy, with rain. Want Srreer Yestenpar.—The stock mar- ket was without feature. Prices were com- paratively steady. Gold receded to 115 3- and closed at 1161-4. The foreign market was dull. EvanGeiization.—Mr. Moody is still con- tinuing his good work in Northfield. We trust the great evangelist will bear in mind that the harvest in this vicinity is quite ready for the sickle. Suancey has not been sent to St. Domingo after all. The Havanese seem to have a strong affection for the escaped murderer, but he is about the only American who has had favors at their hands. Ayorner Desrnvcrtve Fig has just oc- eurred in Boston, the wholesale dry goods house of Jordan, Marsh & Co. being de- stroyed. It is strange that with all the | lessons of experience precautions are not taken which would prevent these great con- flagrations. ‘Tae Eastern Question is one of those in- | terminable problems which it is not possible for anybody to understand, but which no- body can ignore. The latest opinion on the subject is that of Prince Gortschakoff, in his interview with M. Thiers, when he declared that its solution would eventually consist in granting autonomy to Bosnia and Herze- govina. An obstacle to this settlement of the question is the determination of Christian | nations to sustain Islam rule. Bioopy Broos.—The people of Massachu- setts yesterday commemorated the two bun- | dredth anniversary of the bloody episode in | Todian warfare —when, through Deerfield’s glen, At starving Hadley’s call, her food vo share, Marched Lothrop and his men, And fell unwitting on that ghastly snare. Dr. George B. Loring was the orator of the | day and Professor William Everett the poet. Both productions are worthy tributes to the “flower of Essex,” massacred in that terrible battle known in history as 'The massacre was one of King Philip's most vengeful and determined efforts to destroy the whites, and after two centuries the memory of that sanguinary day is still fresh | in the minds and hearts of the descendants of those pioneers of New England, The ccle- bration at Sonth Deerfield was a proper ob- | servance of a significant event, and the words of the orator and the song of the poet wore both happily in accord with the occasion, “Bloody Brook.” | The Syracuse Platform and Ticket. Governor Tilden and his obedient Conven- tion deserve hearty praise for their firm and manly declaration on the currency. ‘If the trumpet give forth an uncertain sound,” said the Hebrew prophet, ‘‘who will prepare him- self for the battle?” The Syracuse trumpet has given forth no uncertain sound on infla- tion, and we congratulate the country on the certainty that there will be from this time forward a vigorous opposition to the demo- cratic inflationists inside the democratic party. The platform is a tessellated piece of composition, consisting of planks from the Cincinnati-Baltimore platform of 1872 planks from the New York democratic plat- form of 1874, dovetailed with some original timber to strengthen the structure. This composite make-up is no advantage in point of artistic merit, A valu- able statue ‘could, no doubt, be made | by surmounting a torso from one museam of antique relics with a head taken from another, and supplying such limbs as could not be found ; but would it not be better to melt down the old bronze and cast it anew, or to use new metal of equal quality? But we are too thankful for the substance of these excellent declarations to be captious over their borrowed form. ‘There is one point upon which we think it right, in justice to the framers of the plat- form, to explain their probable motive. The main declarations on the subject of the cur- rency, though acceptable and satisfactory, have not the same clear metallic ring as the corresponding declarations made at Syracuse last year. We insert the discarded declara- tions in order that readers may compare them with their substitutes in the present plat- form:—- 1. Gold and silver the only legal tender; no currency inconvertible with coin. 2, Steady steps toward specie payments; backward, This was admirably terse and pointed ; it had a genuine hard-money jingle. The change is like substituting ten nickel half dimes for a well-coined silver half dollar; the value is, indeed, the same, but the in- creased Bulk is an encumbrance. It would | not be just, however, to suppose that these no step | crisp, ringing sentences were rejected on ac- count of their pithy emphasis. The Conven- tion wished to make it appear that the hard- money democrats are the orthodox branch of the party, and therefore copied from the platform of the last Democratic National Con- vention. Until another national convention assembles the Baltimore platform is entitled to be considered as the regular party creed. It was a point well worth making to show that Pendleton and Allen are heresiarchs, who have departed from the party faith as formulated by the only body having authority to speak for the whole party. It would have been absurd to have put into the platform two sets of declarations covering the same subject, and the national platform was en- titled to the preference, because the New York platform of last year was only the declaration of a single State, of no more authority than the democratic platform of Ohio or Pennsylvania. The new matter added to the question from the Baltimore platform, by way of comment, has a perti- nent strength and emphasis which preclude the suspicion that the substitute was in- tended to emasculate last year’s declarations. If Governor Tilden has assumed a dicta- torial control of this Convention it cannot very well be disputed that he has made a good use of it. He has unequivocally pledged himself and the democracy of the great Empire State toa steady and zealous opposition to the infatuation of the demo- cratic inflationists, who were in a fair way to capture the party, if Governor Tilden had not stood in the breach. He has boldly passed the Rubicon; he must now fight his victorious way to Rome or perish in the attempt. He has made him- self the leader of the democratic hard-money host and has staked all lis political hopes on securing an anti-inflation majority in the next national convention. He has not only crossed the Rubicon but burned the bridge behind him. ‘Sink or swim, survive or perish,” there is no longer any course open to him but to fight it out on this line. He will have many a tough battle, but he has more than an equal chance of winning if he bears his banner ‘full high advanced.” New York will be the grand rallying point for the anti-inflation democracy of all the States. It is fortunate for them, fortunate indeed for the country, that they have at last a standard bearer who scorns to truckle like Governor Hendricks or to utter timid protests like Sen- ator Thurman. If hard money wins Governor | Tilden will win, for he alone of the dem- ocratic Presidential candidates has had the sagacity and the political courage to take the inflation bull by the horns. It may gore and toss him—nobody can yet tell—but he has gone too far to retire out of the arena. He has many great advantages in his struggle with the inflation demagognes. The enlight- ened democrats, even in Ohio and Pennsyl- | vania, will wish him success and give him | their moral support. A large and intelligent section of the republicans in all parts of the | United States will lend him their sympathy. | He has the great advantage of being on the | side which is sure to gain by discussion. He | commends himself not merely to the intellect | | of the country but to its moral sense, as being | the champion of honesty and the faith of a battle for ideas and vital principles even personal ambition is ennobled, since the courageous representative of a great cause | stands high above the level of the herd of truckling politicians, whose ‘seven princi- | ples” are the ‘five loaves and two fishes,” |The inflation tide has swelled so | high only because none of the ! other democratic leaders have dared to breast it. It will make no further progress unless Governor Tilden should lose his ma- jority of last year, of which there seems no | danger. On the contrary, all the omens point to a magnificent victory before which | the democratic success in Ohio (if the infla- | tionists should carry the State) will fade into | insignificance. If the democrats are beaten in Obio and shall carry New York by an in- "into the national convention next summer | with his hand fall of trumps. Thus far he is playing his game with consummate skill. The ticket nominated at Syracuse is a very good one, although a majority of its mem- bers are voung men or new men. Thera are ‘two splendid exceptions, and the State has reason to congratulate itself that gentle- men of the ability, experience and high character of Mr. Bigelow and Mr, Robinson consent to serve as heads of executive depart- ments, The salaries are niggardly dispropor- tioned to the services of such men, and their acceptance should be regarded as an act of public spirit and self-sacrifice, The salary of the Governor has been raised from four thousand dollars to ten thousand dollars, with an appropriation of four thousand dol- lars for the rent of a house ; the compensa- tion of members of the Legislature has been raised from three hundred dollars to fifteen hundred dollars ; the salaries of the Judges of the Court of Appeals have been advanced from twenty-five hundred dollars to seven thonsand dollars ; but those of the heads of departments remain at twenty-five hundred dollars, as they were fixed more than a quar- ter of a century ago. For a statesman like Mr. Bigelow, who has been Minister to France, or Mr. Robinson, who is a successful lawyer and has held a high office ina great railway corporation, this seems a pitiful com- pensation. The State is fortunate when men of such note and mark consent to serve it for half the salary of the Lieutenant Gov- ernor, whose easy task consists in presiding over the Senate during a few months of the year. A ticket with the names of Mr. John Bigelow and Mr. Lucius Robinson on it is more than respectable, it is strong. Are the Republicans Inflationists? Are the republicans in Ohio and New York sailing under false colors? They charge their opponents with being inflationists, and this is imputed to the Ohio and Pennsylva- nia democrats as a serious crime. It is truly so, and there is no excuse for these demo- erats, who are false to all the traditions of the party and to the repeated declarations of their own leaders during the late war. But if the democrats, who have been out of power and have had no control over the cur- rency since 1861, are wicked destroyers of the public credit, what are the republicans, who have had power all that time? What have they done since the war closed? Have they really done anything toward the re- sumption of specie payments? or have they continually inflated the currency? The plain fact is that we have to-day, under the rule of the republicans, more paper money afloat and lying idle in the banks than we had at any time since 1865; and not only this, but the republicans in Congress have defeated every measure look- ing toward specie resumption and have op- posed and crushed every sound financial plan which has been brought forward. They are fighting under false colors. It is im- portant to make this fact plain, not only that a false pretence’shall be exposed, but also to show to the people, misled by democratic demagognues, that the country is not suffer- ing from contraction, but from a vast ex- pansion of the currency. ‘The truth is that we have to-day two mill- ions more paper money in circulation than in 1874; twenty-nine millions more than in 1873; forty millions more than in 1872; fifty- eight millions more than in 1871; ninety-one millions more than in 1868. That is to say, during the administration of General Grant, who is put forward as the sure and faithful friend of a sound currency, the rag baby has grown to the extent of ninety-one millions. And we have to-day one hundred and sixty-seven millions more of paper money than in 1864, the last full year of the war, and five hundred and fifty- three millions more than in 1859, when the country was prosperous and everybody had enough to eat and sufficient employment. The pretence, then, that the republicans are the friends of a sound currency is as baseless and hollow as the Ohio democratig pretence that the country is suffering from contraction. It is ruined by expansion, and the republicans have done the work, which the democrats now want to do over. “CovnaGE aNd Mannoop.”—In a despatch of Judge Pierrepont to Governor Ames, of Mississippi, telegraphed on Tuesday, there occurs this remarkable sentence:—“I suggest that you take all lawful means and all needed measures to preserve the peace by the forces in your own State, and let the country see that the citizens of Mississippi, who are largely favorable to good order and who are largely republican, have the courage and manhood to destroy the bloody ruffians who murder the innocent and unoffending freed- man.” This appeal to “courage and man- hood” will not be lost upon the people of the South. But is there any marked difference between the rhetoric of Judge Pierrepont, who speaks of the persons who fomented the recent rebellion as “bloody ruffians who murder the innocent and unoffending freedmen,” and the despatch of General Sheridan when he denounced them as “banditti?” The rhetoric of the Attorney General is finished, and, toa certain extent, covered with legal thing as.the despatch of Sheridan, which led to an indignation meeting in New York city. Tue Pourrican Canvass in Marynanp was | opened last night at Baltimore with a speech from Mr. Reverdy Johnson. We present a synopsis of Mr. Johnson’s remarks this morning, from which it will be observed that the distinguished speaker was especially contracts ; for a political leader who conducts | reased majority, Governor Tilden will go | emphatic in defending Mr. John Lee Carroll, | the democratic candidate for Governor, from | attacks on account of his religion—Mr. Car- | roll being, as his grandfather was before him, a Roman Catholic. We had hoped the days of religious bigotry had so far passed away as to make an appeal like this unneces- | sary ; but it seems a political campaign is still able to develop a good deal of intolerance. | Tur Trerm about our financial manage- ment, and especially about Comptroller | Green, is that he is a quack, and his system, instead of curing the city, is bringing upon | it additional misfortunes. As My. Dana tersely expressed it on a recent occasion, Green does the city as much harm by his | policy of stifling as Twoed did by his thiev- ing. The true way to indure municipal re- | form is for our rulers to bring the expenses of the city government down to the lowest possible figure, and having done this to in- | | sist upon the people paying taxes enough from year to year to leave no deficit and to pay a portion of the debt. Let us make this a cardinal principle in our municipal re- form. A Grave Danger. The Sun confirms the apprenhensions expressed by the Henanp some time ago that a movement was on foot to place the telegraphic service of the country in the hands of a speculator, ‘We learn,” says the Sun, “that Jay Gould is making an ex- traordinary effort to get control of the West- ern Union Telegraph Company in the annual election which occurs early in October. To do this it is not necessary for him to buy @ majority of the stock, a sufficient mass of proxies will be quite as effectual. For this purpose he is employ- ing an ingenious novelty, believed to be of his own invention. A great proportion of the company’s shares are in the hands of brokers, who have advanced money upon them to speculators by whom they have been purchased. For the transfer of such shares Mr. Gould, as we are informed, is now paying a neat commission, The shares after being transferred are at once handed back to their holders, so that they are in no danger of being sold by the new ostensible owner, and can be transferred back again upon tho books of the company after the election. This secures to Gould or his representative the right to vote upon these shares, and, should he succeed by this means in getting command of the company and electing a board of directors to suit himself, he will thus gain the power of distributing, after the old Erie fashion, that immense part of the company’s stock which is held by it as a re- serve.” The explanation which the Sun gives of the way by which Mr. Gould is to obtain the control of this great national franchise is in- teresting, as showing the danger which is constantly threatening our telegraph sys- tem. Without entering into the question of the wisdom ofa postal telegraph in this country, it is impossible for us to permit the telegraph to be made a mere football for dar- ing speculators. Jay Gould has shown what he could do with the Erie Railroad. He made that company infamous in the eyes of all prudent money lenders by his operations in its management, and brought so much discredit upon the American name abroad that we could well have afforded to pay millions of dollars to have it otherwise. When he was turned out of the direction he made ‘“‘restitution” of millions of property, which, by this act alone, he admitted he had unlawfully taken from its treasury. Now to put such a man in charge of our telegraphs is to give him a dangerous control over our business and commerce, our private, political and social life. The telegraph system is only another phase of the postal system. It is the improved post office. The time must come when we will have to consider whether it is not necessary for the good of the people that the government should control this great machine. The surest way to bring that time about is to allow it to fall into the hands of a rapacious and desperate gambler like Jay Gould. Tweed’s Property. Some months since the country was grati- fied to hear that the reform lawyers had put the hand of the law upon the millions of property which had formerly belonged to William M. Tweed, but which, in anticipa- tion of these complications, he had trans- ferred out of his hands. We were then told that the result of these suits would be that the city would realize largely upon the sales ofthe property which had been purchased by money stolen from the Treasury. But Tweed’s lawyers, who had genius enough to take him out of the prison to which he had been justly sentenced, are also able to save his property. Every day or ‘two we read in the court reports that some judge has removed the lis pendens from these various transfers which formerly were in Tweed’s name. Perhaps in some cases this removal is just. We are afraid that the end will be that when the time comes for trial Tweed’s prop- erty will be as safe from the hands of the law as he is himself from Sing Sing. Our lawyers are resolved to show that while in New York the ham stealer may be sentenced to twenty years’ imprisonment, the robber of millions and the enemy of the public credit has only to pay them a half million dollars in fees to escape. Otherwise, if the law could really punish a malefactor like Tweed, it would be a sad blow to the legal profession, and might put an end to this profitable business which many of them have enjoyedfor these past few years. So long as lawyers are above the law there is a chance for every honest attorney to earn a living from clients like Tweed. A Man Wuo Dogs Nor Laven.—An Eng- lish traveller, Mr. Hartshorne, gave the Brit- ish Associagion the other day an account of the Weddas, a wild tribe which lives in the interior of Ceylon. These Weddas are about five feet high, live on water and roast mon- forms, but it amounts to about the same’ keys, and are, he reports, incapable of laugh- ter. After trying every way to make their chief laugh, and failing, he asked, in amaze- ment, whether they ever laughed. “No,” replied the Wedda; “why should we? What is there to laugh at?” We wish Mr. Harts- horne had sent a Wedda to the United States just now. If he never laughed before he would certainly laugh to see a lot of silly democrats in Ohio and Pennsylvania, with Allen and Carey at their head, going about swallowing their old democratic principles and hugging a rag baby. It is nota pleasant spectacle, but it is sufficiently ridiculous to make even a Wedda laugh. “To tus Number or Frery.”—The Na- tional Labor and Union party, which has been drifting about Boston for the last few weeks, does not seem to attain encouraging dimensions. We observe that a meeting was held at Boston the other day at which there were delegates present ‘to the number of fifty.” Although General Banks is the can- didate of this party for the Presidency he was “unavoidably prevented from attend- ing.” Evidently the General has not much confidence in his new body of supporters, or he would be more diligent in encouraging their deliberations. Mr. Buercurr has declined the reception which was tendered him at the Academy of Music in Brooklyn on his return from his summer vacation, This was wise, and the announcement of his determination will be received with much gratification NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, SEPTENSER 18, 1875.—TRIP LE SHEET. A National University. Some of our newspapers are discussing the propriety of the government founding a national university at Washington. It is said that if the army were cut down one-half and the present expenses in transporta- tion and quartermaster’s supplies saved that we could endow a university equal to Ox- ford, Cambridge or the great schools of Ger- many. The question of establishing a national university was considered as far back as the time of John Quincy Adams. That President did not approve of it, for constitutional reasons, We do not know whether these reasons still exist. During the fifty years that have intervened our old constitution has had many a wrench and twist. What might have been impossible to an Adams would be en- tirely feasible toa Grant. Whether, even if such a matter were considered, it would be wise for the government to found a new uni- versity or to strengthen existing ones is a problem. Already we have several flourish- ing colleges in America, and although none of them can compare with the universities of Europe it is too soon to expect this ina young country. We believe in lessening the number of our colleges instead of add- ing to them. We should like to see a great university in New England, and others in the Middle States, the West, California, the South. Cambridge, New Haven, Princeton, Detroit, Williamsburg, St. Louis, New Or- leans and San Francisco all have colleges of varying excellence, If the government could assist these institutions so as to bring them up to the standard of the great universities of Europe it would be a wise expenditure of money. As we understand the plan that is now discussed, it is to found a national university at Washington on the plan of the Naval Academy and West Point. That is to say, the government shall endow the college and the President and members of Con- gress shall have a right to nominate students to its classes, as they now have to nominate cadets to West Point and Annapolis. The effect of this would be to have students from every section of the country. The national influences which would be strengthened by this relation would be profitable. Washington is well suited for a great university. The largest library in the country is in the Capitol. There are many museums and institutions of art, science and learning. The sessions of Congress, the society of the foreign Ministers and the general tendency to make Washing- ton the winter capital would all add to the value of university life. We would be glad to see a university in Washington, national in its character. To that extent we approve the plans discussed by our contemporaries. At the same time it is worthy of thought whether it would be wise for the government to take an active part in the founding of such a college, and especially whether more harm than good would not come from the creation of a university on the principles governing Annapolis and West Point. Labor and Wages. Of the papers read before the British ‘Aseo- ciation at the beginning of this month, one of the most interesting was a report from a committee appointed two years ago to con- sider the combinations of capital and of la- bor. The English papers give a somewhat meagre summary of this report, from which we learn that the general question before the committee was whether combinations, cither of capitalists against laborers or of laborers against capitalists, can affect the rate of wages permanently? The committee answer No, as was to be expected. They admit what is claimed by the tradés unionists, that the ef- forts of the unions have at times and in some notable cases succeeded in extorting higher wages from employers ; and Professor Leone Levi added that the unions had in some in- stances been able to accelerate the operation of natural laws, but that also their acts often checked production. On the whole, the report, if we may judge of it by the summaries at hand, is inconclu- sive, and so far weak. It expresses no de- cided opinions on some of the most vital and interesting parts of the labor problem. The committee hesitates to condemn restric- tions on production where these have in view the raising of prices, and the most important advice it has to give is that employers and laborers should advise with each other, and conduct their affairs amicably. That is perfectly sound advice, but it does not cover the ground. Nor, indeed, did the questions before the committee have scope enough. Thedifficulties between capital and labor are greatly increased, if they are not mainly caused, in England, by over produc- tion, which causes periodical gluts in the market, stagnation in trade, stoppage of mills and works and lack of employment. - The real problem before the civilized world is how to carry on the great operations of in- dustry in such a way as to make them constant, to relieve them from the periodical losses inflicted by over pro- duction and stagnation. It is doubtful if even such wise bodies as the British Associa- tion or our own Social Science Association can contrive any ‘Morrison's Pill,” to use Thomas Carlyle’s phrase, for the disease of the industrial world. But a careful inquiry and investigation, made by the leading economists of both continents, would be of extraordinary value as a help toward the solution of what is, on the whole, the gravest problem of the present century. Few thoughtful men are content to believe that industry must continue’ forever to vibrate ; between feverish activity and panic stagna- tion, and that the millions of laborers must of necessity remain the helpless sport of cir- cumstances, purblind way sought some remedy, but, on the whole, they have rather aggravated the disease, In this country, for instance, they neither did anything to prevent the present deplorable stagnation nor are doing any- thing to remedy it. We hope the British Association will try again, and we should like to see it appeal for help to the econo- mists of the United States, Germany and France, Taat Sonor: R AND Staresman, the Count Valmaseda, is as ingenious in the Cabinet as he is valiant in the field. Itis now many months since he began, for the second time, to call for reinforcements and vanquish the Cuban insurgents on paper, Our Havana letter informs us that the xeinforegmgnts axe The trades unions have ina | coming and that great preparations are making for their reception. The only ques- tion is, how these twelve thousand additional soldiers are to be fed; but Valmaseda is equal to the emergency. The royal decree prohibiting the importation of American potatoes has been set aside, and a tax of fifty cents per barrel is to be levied for the benefit of the officials and the treasury. There is no fear of the potato bug in Cuba while it is possible to make money out of the esculent, The Names of Armies. General Sherman is the best random speech. maker in the country. His studies in the artillery may have cultivated a natural fac- ulty for getting the range of things in next to no time, but whether for that or some other reason there is no other man called upon from time to time to airhis vocabulary before miscellaneous audiences who so readily falls into sympathy with the people about him, or more infallibly grasps the central thought of the occasion, or puts it more clearly and vigorously in good words. His speech at Utica is a new evidence of his felic- ity in this respect, and its tribute to General Thomas evidently reached every heart of those who knew that stanch and typical soldier. General Sherman touched upon a topic of some quaint interest—the circum- stance of the naming of armies from riyers— and said ‘‘this has been the fashion for years with different nations, and I will take occa- sion here to say that I do not know the reason why.” In another part of his speech he said, “War consists in accomplishing some direct result;” and he might have added that at least eight times in ten this result is accom- plished in the valley of some river, great or small, or at a point that is necessarily reached by a march up or down some watered valley. Indeed the relation of armies to rivers in war is constant, and is, of course, as familiar to General Sherman as to other soldiers. So simple a circumstance as the mere want, twice a day at least, of an enormous quan- tity of water that could only be supplied from a river would itself force an army to fol- low the line ofastream and camp on its banka or near some tributary; but this might be forced still more imperatively by the fact that rivers are natural lines of highway—the un- obstructed routes of the primitive world; and war, that destroys other routes, always brings humanity to its primitive needs in this respect. These points may be seen more clearly on the map of France than else- where, for there the geography gives unusual importance, in a military sense, to the rivers; and in that country this mode of designating armies was first, perhaps, systematically adopted. In the wars of the French Revolu- tion there were the armies of the Rhine, 01 the Moselle, of the Sambre and Meuse, and soon. That is to say, armies were formed to defend the country from enemies ap- proaching by those valleys, or to invade for- eign territory in turn by those lines ; and the indication naturally was that the Army of the Moselle was ‘the army formed ta operate in the valley of the Moselle ;’ but all that was shortened to the name ‘Moselle Army” for convenience. Subsequently an army named from one river might co-operate in operations on other rivers, as when our Potomac army operated on the James; and even then, though the original signifi- cance is lost, the name adheres, because a definite designation is always useful. Thera is a poetical spirit in every true soldier, and to such a spirit there is an appeal and an identity in such names that is superior ta what can be obtained by the numerical desig- nations of ‘First Army,” ‘Second Army,” &ec., as employed in Germany. ‘Tue Licuryinc Mams—After forty years’ experience in railroading we are just now celebrating the advent of fast postal trains to the West. It was the Hznaxp’s example which first demonstrated the feasibility and practicability of fast mails; but now that the Western cities and towns are nearer the me- tropolis by many hours, it is to be presumed they will cling tenaciously to the good they have gained. Coan.—No subject can be of greates interest to all classes at this time than the price of coal during the approaching winter. As is the case nearly every autumn, dealera are already putting up the prices, and the in- crease, as usual, will fall most heavily upon the poor. This is an injustice that ought to be remedied, and it would be if there was suf- ficient regard for business honesty in the community to make the combinations of the operators and the transportation companies disreputable. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE, Major N. F. Graves, of Syracuse, is staying at the FIRB Avenue Hotel. Bishop John Sharp, of Salt Lake City, is sojourning at the St. Nicholas Hotel. Paymaster Charles J. rague, United States Army, is registered at the St. James Hotel. Governor William P. Kellogg, of Louisiana, arrived last evening at the Fifth Avenue Hotel, ‘The Marquis de Chambrun, of Washington, is among the late arrivals at the Union Square Hotel, Is the Charley Ross whom the democrats have noml- nated for State Treasurer the real original Charley ? General Gustavus W. Smith, Insurance Commissioner for Kentucky, is quartered at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. Vice President Henry Wilson returned to this city yesterday and took up' bis residence at the Grand Cen- tral Hotel. Mr. John W. Garrett, President of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, is residing temporarily at the | Brevoort House. Ex-Representative White, of Alabama, has been ap- pointed an Associate Justice for Utah and will leave for that Territory tn October. M. Boalon, attaché of the French Legation at Wash- ington, and M, Imbert, of the French Consulate at New York, are visiting Quebec. General William T, Sherman and Colone! Joseph CG. Audenried, of the General’s stall, have apartments at the Fifth Avenue Hotei. Ahmed-Fedji-Gwalir, one of the most powerful Rajahs of the East Indies, has retained a large suit of apart- ments at the Grand Hotel in Paris. He is said to be surpassingly handsome, fabulously rich and—a bachelor. As it is now the fashion for managers to pay the law- yers before they can perform any new play, perhaps it would be just as cheap to have the plays written here, and pay authors, If tho injunction system keeps on tt may be as good as a copyright jaw, President Grant and bis wife and General Babcock arrived at the Fifth Avenue Hotel last evening from Utica, where they had been attending the reunion of the Society of the Army of the Cumberland. This moru. ing they will return to Long Branch. Governor Seymuur, In a speech to the Army of the Cumberland, made a very happy statement of his own military qualities when he said, “Genoral Grant will admit that tna litle contest 1 had with him he rama great deal fyiter aud fartuer than L did!