The New York Herald Newspaper, August 20, 1875, Page 8

8 *—. MEXICO. Spread of the Revolu- tionary Spirit. ESAS THE, COUNTRY OVERRUN WITH ROBBERS See Capture and Sack of Manzanilla, Panama, August 1, 1875. From time to time | have sent you from my post at Ban Francisco accounts of the political and social situa- tion of that part of Mexico lying on the Pacific coast. A® there has been an evident increase of the revolution: spirit all through the Republic and a decided ten- dency on the part of a very large portion of the poput tion to precipitate an outbreak ayainst the constituted | various | Migu uthorities, I determined to visit the salient points on the coast, in order to investigate the aituation of affairs for the Henau. I pro- eceded on the Panama 1 steamer Montana, Captain Searle, from San Francisco to Mazatlan, & port of considerable commercial and political importance: on the south side of the Gulf of California, Here T found by careful inquiry among lea Officials that, while a turbulent spirit was rife among ‘the lower classes in the interior, no very serious appre- hensions were felt of any outbreak which could not be put down by the national troops, numbering about 8,000+in the State, which is Sinaloa, and, beyond the ‘weual insecurity found on the highways throughout Mexico, the situation was tolerab! isfactory. The Btate officials were loyal to and supporters of the federal government, and the people were, as @ general thing, mot hostile to the present st of affairs. The troops were in a tolerably efficient condition, and were entrusted often with th uty nsurrections im other States, when the ers: were unreliable and ‘the people disloyal. Just before our arrival a force bad been sent to La Paz, in Lower California, to crush @ rebellion which rable headway, the rebels having of that town and were preparing to raid upon some rich r mines, called El Triumfo, sbout forty miles distant, They arrived in time to aid @ small force of uational’ troops, stationed at San Jose, to engage and defeat the re , vo take a unm- Der of @xsoners ani to effectually quell the outbreak. General Devallos, the military commander of the dis- ‘trict, who had been arrested by the insurgents and cast 4nto prison, before their arrival ‘on payment of $ ‘om, coupled with the promise ‘that he never would set foot on the soil of Lower Cali- fornia again. He was noted for his brutality and scoundrelly disposition, and it was doubtless largely due whis lution INHUMAN TREATMENT OF THE CITIZENS ofa Paz that the revolution was conceived and ex- cuted. The defeat and capture of the insurgents and athe presence ofa considerable body of troops restored him €o bis old position, and in true Mexican style he took ad- ‘vantage of it, not only to pumsh the pronunciadors but ‘to gratify personal vengeance, All the prisoners, number- Sng between forty and tifty, were arranged in aline against @ wall, and were shot without any delay, without court martial or trial of any kind. About this time the gov- ernment at Mexico, taking into consideration the com- | plaints made by the citizens of La Paz against Devallos, erdered him to proceed at once to the City of Mexico fand give account of bis stewardship. The orders were efsuch amature as to disgrace the General, and this probably incensed him against the people of La Paz still more, His last cunning act of inhumanity and savage Wengeance was to causé the execution of the wives and ven the children of many of the dead leaders in the outbreak, aud with the blood of these innocent non- ombatants on his skirts he set out for Mexico, where, % if to be hoped, justice will be meted out to ‘him with an unsparing severity, Much of the ili-teel- mg evinced by the people against the central goverm ment is due to the fact that the military officials are often of the Devallos type, hot headed, brutal, blood- ‘thirsty robbers, who use their power to obtain wealth Pound to respect. Devallos believed in shooting men, ‘wnd if soldiers were scarce he would range # civilian up against a stone wall and perforate him with bullets | ay en Piesiel r ine Chai oat without the slightest regard for law or justice, as.| ‘<7med Al! the Paraguayans, depeopling the margin Mazatlan 1 found he was universally execrated vy ull | Secent people, who regretied the growing ascendancy of | 1) ‘Me military over the civil rule DISAGREEABLE STATE OF APPAIRS. ing merchants and | i { i | } | NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY AUGUST 20, IS875: easily ercape. ‘Phe situation is most melancholy, The country is alive with robbers, and the crops have failed and general discontent and suffering prevail. The fed. eral government is too weak or indifferent to afford aid, and things go from worse to worse until anarchy must prevail all over the Republic, If we have apy interests on the coast worth protecting & couple of gunboats or corvettes trom the North Pacific squadron should be sent at once, The lives and property of our citizens there are in imminent danger.” The operations on the Rio Grande will be car- ried on all over the Paciflo const, and, unless protected by men-of-war, foreigners will lose all they have, even their lives, before the winter comes, No language can | describe the state of things as they now exist in Mexico, ud no one can prediet the outeoming. It is certain to be worse Lhan apy of us yet imagine. Tue DROvGET has been seriously felt im the Central American States, and not more than one-third of a crop of coffee will be produced this year, The cofee planters of Guatemala, San Salvador, Nicaragna and Costa Rica feel very blue over the prospect, as a failure of crops generally leads to revolution, As yet, exceptat San Salvador, no politi- cal outbr has occurred, and then a very general plan of revolution was nipped after the fierce outbreak at St when many officers and soldiers were massacred. THE PADRE PALACIOS, leader of the revolution, ig being tried by court martial at San Salvador, and bis fate is not surrounded by any ‘suades of doabk He will be, or bas been, shot, as an example to the clerical element, which is constantly ing disturbances against the peace and safety of the Republic. Your correspondent in Panama will doubtless post you on the political situation here It is very gloomy and a general war between the States is sure to occur at an early day, The presence of a United States man-of-war at Aspinwall is all important at the présent time. The Omaha, Captain Simpson, can care for things at this point, if the war does not ap- proach too near her¢; then another ship will be needed, if the Panama Railroad transit is © be kept open aud protected, Colonel W. S Tisdel, the new agent of the Pacific Mail Company, has assumed the duties of his position and inaugurated the new coast lines to Champerico, Acapulco and the Mexican ports north of the latter port. The ships of this ime must be relied upon to supply the beleaguered Mexican ports with food, which is the only way to prevent revolution and bloodshed. The coming six months promise tobe fraught with most exciting and important interest to the entire Pacific-coast as far north as California, and no one can yet tell how the re- publican form of government adopted by the countries along the coast will come out of the trial, BRAZIL. A DESIGN TO HOLD ON TO PARAGUAY—THE YMPIRE LANGUISHING FOR WANT OF BRAINS AND LABOR, .Ruo Javxmno, July 25, 1875. ‘The Chambers are still engaged upon the estimates, the Senate on those of the current fiscal year of 1875-76, and the Depaties on those of the following year, 1876-77. As to the former, the Senate bas these last days been going heavily into the late abortive negotiations on the Paraguayan question, the liberals uniting in censuring the continued occupation of Paraguay, and accusing the past and present governments of inciting the Para- gnayans to reject the propositions of the Argentines. Doubtless the liberals are right, Paraguay, if left to it- self, could not resist the pressure the Argentines could exert upon it; but, at the same time, it is not improb- able that if the liberals were in power they would find themselves forced to follow the same policy which they censure with such heat while they are in opposi- tion, for it cannot be denied that Brazil has a great in- terest in supporting Paraguay as an independent State, to cover the large frontier of Brazil with Paraguay from the Dellicose and aggressive Argentine Republic, and to prevent the Paraguay and Upper Parana becoming Ar- gentine rivers, instead of, as now, flowing between two independent States, One-third of Brazil is drained by the three Platine rivers, Paraguay, Parana and Uru- goay, and no government of Brazil can afford to stand | aloof from te Plate while the avowed purpose of the At Manzanilia, a seaport of the wealthy territory of @olima, we found avery Gisagreeable state of affairs. ‘The entire country was in a state of revolution, and the ‘wational authorities were either powerless to disperse She bands of robbers ranging over the country or were 4m sccret league with them. A band, numbering 200 or amore, were encamped a few miles outside sengers and freighis over the highway leading to the eity of Colima, Every one who aitem ‘the road was halted and robbed, not o erty, but of his clothing, bere to the painful time of blows adn Doots of the factions brigands. No supplies were allowed to pass, and the inhabitants of the town were on abort commons, happy enough te get a little fieh from the bay to avert starvation. The robbers were so strong and £o bold that they sent ina regular demand for the surrender of the Custom House and town, have been acceded to by the Alealde had it not been Yor the vigorous protests of the foreign merchants, backed by the presence of Schumann's Transatiantic niety Company, composed of Germans, ans, Spanish, Portngnese and I know not what ali, who were well armed, This company had made the @readed and perilous journey from the City of Mexico to Manzonilla safely, and had bronght out their original organization and treasures intact, This compact and nich would Va the town of | Mapzanilla, and bad laid an effectual embargo on pas- | | conceded to Paraguay. | sists in its being only thirty miles from Asuncion, the i to pass Over | Paraguayan capital, and the only place in that ewampy | y of his prop- | down to his shirt, | nites and then made to dance for the amusement of the rob. | MS inistered by the | fy i } | since that occupation. statesman st the head of Argentine affairs is to obtain the control of those rivers and treat them as Argentine internal waters, Villa Occidental, or New Bordeaux, whose posses- 1 been since the defeat of Lopez the mo- ‘wut of the poor citizens, who have no rights.officers are | 0" #* aba has bee - tive of all these negotiations and armings, from 1870 up to now, was founded by the Paraguayan government with s colony of French immigrants, When Lopez in- the Paraguay where the Brazilian fleet obtained control of the river, Villa Occidental was also vacated. In 1870 rgentines took possession of it, protesting at the same time that they did go with subjection to future decizion a to tile, But with possession has grown up the resolve to hold it by hook or crook, and this resolu. tion bas been the stambiing biock of every negotiation Is ie not that the little town is of direct value to the Confederation. It is,” with the territory assigned tw it, @ nook of twenty miles square, thrust beyond the Argentine boundary into that lis value to the Argentines con- on where a settiement could be formed within thirty of Asuncion. Thence smuggling can be easily don to ruin the Paraguayan finances, and revola- got up tw overthrow Paraguayan governments, re | These are agencies which the Argentine statesmen cal- | Ameri. | + | ‘weil armed band bad been the cause of the robbers re- | Sraining from an attack upon the town; but their de- partnre upon the Montana prec ed the catastrophe. | yers, culate on to force Paraguay to do of its own accord what Argentine arms failed to achieve shortly after the decla- uf the independence of the Spanish colonies—to x itself to the Confederation—and thence the stub- born 4 virulence with which the ownership of this small district and petty village is disputed between the Argentine Confederation on the one side, and Para- vay, backed up by Brazil, on the other, Both partics cousider its possession.an absolute requisite, the one to destroy, the other to preserve the imdependence of Par- aguay. ann FRRE AND SLAVE LABOR, The report ef the Special Committee on the State of Agncaltare (Dep *) hag at last been given. As is usual in Brazii—and in some other couniries—not a farmer was onthe committee; all the seven were law- Asa specimen of the report may be given the On the night of the 23d the robbers marcbed into the | statement, when comparing the cost of slave and free city, and, with little opposition, seized the Custom | igvor, that while free labor costs from $175 to $2000 House and the stores of the merchants and sacked them | year, that of slaves (worth in Brazil $1,000) is only $12 completely. As the Mexicans would not offer any re- sistance, of course the handful of rn hold out against the pronunciadors, who stripped them of all they had, and, it reported, bore eff some to hold for rantom. The federal authorities at Colima had been notified of whe pr of the scoundrels and of their intentions, and had is Custom House and officials. ence | to the requests, and have permitied an ontrage upon foreign residents which Mexico will be compe dearly for some of these days. One or two lying in the port, and having on board such val could be hurriedly placed upon them, de sithough that 1s not certain, We found almost the exact STATE OF THINGS AT ACAPTI.CO, aithongh the military were strong enough to prevent a | raid upon the tabliebed themeely Mexico, robbing travelers and trains, enpplies of all ki The pei Literally on th a mt $56 a mene ple of Aca bad died of starvation. the greatert state of alarm Jest an outbreak should | time and low interest, guaranteed | eceur, with its wacking honses, rovbiug the well-tu-do, and perhaps durning the houses of foreigners, an | English gunboat, the Fantorme, which did such good | and us service at La Union when the St Miguel maseacre oe: © pay chooners | W1thows terest, $26,000,000 to agricultural banks of own by a force of robbers, who had e#- | parting vitality of the slaves, and on the spon the high youd to the City of | and more proeperous time and entting off | leo were n. Corn was selling | ren id but little of that could | F ‘De Obtained, and already several women and children | der the The people wore on the eve of @ revolution, and the authorities and foreigners were in | Bustantood ‘curred, Iaid close to the town, ready at any moment to eend ashore @ detachment of sailors and marines to protect the foreigners, Her presence wae very gratefa © all the foreign element, which was in constant dread of a bloody outbreak of the natives, Portunately the Montana brought down a small quantity of corn and flour, enough to relieve temporary wants, and corn | wbernce of snteligent supervision, which character, fell to #ix cents per pound. The trouble is post, | 9% Brazil poned, not entirely removed, Throughoct the west coast of Mexico =@& very = pevere | drought hag been experienced; —wearcely vain bae fallen throngh the rainy season, and the crops | are almort entirely ruined, Not enough corn has been 4. to $25 a yoar! The wapts of agricniture in Brazil are, they report, Jabor, money, roads and agricultural teach- As to labor they deal in negation merely. Slavery y cay, 1@ a terrible evil and must be got rid of; free labor, whether native or immigrant, is impracticable, neither will go on the plantation, and if it did the been | planter could not afford to pay for it, Chinese immigra- requeeted to send troops down to protect at least the | Bat they paid no attention tion would requ they ntroduce a demoralized race into a country fresh blood to revive it. On reads + nothing, Agricultural instruction is a but they eee not how to realize it, and v content themselves with proposing a bill to lend, Fhe condition of agriculture in Brazil is very grave. | White the coffee provinces are thriving, at any rate for the preseat, with their still new cotton and | engar pre heir slaves are exported by hundreds to abandoned n the de- plant of former The provincial treasuries she and the pla {the others are existing are practicully bankrupt, taxes have been laid on everything to the uttermost and until production outside the coast strip has been | ered unproliable. = For y in small mone eighteen to revent os the planters have to pay per cent per annum, and ¥ Appears to jtuation more gr: At is to he do tion, Some shout out for central I seven per cent interest by tho ¢ of Joa the government; the qm ernment: #till more ery out for ban natural and dreadful sequences of | while afew, a very few, whose voices the others over. | power, cay let the planters help themselves; Jet ther lose ese money and time at gambling; throw off their laziness and look to their work themselves; buy ploughs om, ceasing to burn and plant one year, to ‘and plant elsewhere next year; let them itoprove their sugar and put no rocks and trash in their cotton balee; let them mend their roada themeelves; and, in general, let them put their shoulders to their wagon and cease to sit apon it, whiting to the government w do for them what they should do themselves. ‘ There is much to be said in favor of all these varied | points of view, but foreigners who note the savagery of | the mode of farming, the waste of labor jn every opera- tion, the utter neglect of the most necessary roads, the jantations and farme ont of 1,000, will ) cline toward the opinion of the latter prophets, who, as | prophets, are, of course, not honored in therr country. A PRAAILIAN SOLD apy | Of repule, Lientenant General the Count of Porto Alegre, died on the 18th at the age of seventy. General Pore Alegre uno of @ ighivng family, bie father and grand- ter bolb having been generale and fought in the nis 1 Me Beaver Pauba wible blue Saabs as ‘ at long | and colonists, He himself entered om active military service at the age of twelve years, and at twenty-five had already achieved “a high repu- tation as a leader, took” nein pare Se . cunoeign against Rosas and commanded Brazilian corps which stormed Monte Caseros, @ fortification mounti fifty-six pieces of cannon, and whose loss Obliged Hoeas to abadoo the frogger of Buenos Ayres. Soon after he went on the retired. ‘but took up arms again When the Paraguayans invaded bis native rovince, Rio Grande do Sui With the provincial Levike apd poeme regiments from Rio he shut the Para- guayans up in Uruguayana and captured them. With his corps splendidly disciplined he joined the allied army, stormed Curuzu, aud later with 4,060 men routed 10,000 Paraguayans who bad surprised the allied base at Tuy- uty, and for a time seemed to have secured it, but a few months later was forced by continued iil health to go home, General Porto Alegre was remarkable for his highly polished manners and for his attention, even to foppish to his dress, so that throughout his most severe service in the Paraguayan war be was never seeu without white kid gloves on his hands, AUSTRALIA, o-lecclinsiliitcemgern TELEGRAPHIC AND RAILWAY ENTERPRISE IN THE BRITISH COLONIES—-WANT OF A CENTRAL GOV- ERNMENT—GREAT DEMAND FOR LABOR. MxLwovrnn, June 14, 1875. Perhaps the most important question of a cosmopoli- tan nature, in this part of the globe, is the encfrcling of New Zealand within the telegraph route, Hitherto this flourishing appanage of the British Crown has been out- side the pale of telegraphic communication with the outer world, but, thanks to the enterprise of the colonies of New South Wales, Queensland and New Zealand, a cable will shortly be laid between Sydney, New South Wales, and Wellington, New Zealand. Captain Nares, Royal Navy, of Her Majesty’s ship Challenger, has com- pleted the survey of the soundings and reported to the Governor of the colony of New South Wales, Sir Her- cules Robinson, the result of his investigations on the conditions of the bottom of the sea with regard to its suitability for a telegraphic cable. This naval oflicer gays:— On the Australian coast the incline from the 100 fathoms Ine, which was 17_ miles from the land, into a depth of 2,100 fathoms at 57 miles distance, which is less abrupt than we had previous! th case farther to the southward of Twofold Bay, where it was about 1 in 6. The bottom, which consists of soft ooze, then slopes down to a depth of 2,600 fathoms, at a distance of 240 miles from the coast, the temperature being 33 deg., which conditions continue for 140 miles. Fromthis extreme depth the bottom slopes upward, with a gentle incline, with soft ooze, for 400° miles, until at a position 780 miles from Sydney and ‘835 miles from the entrance to Cook’s Straits we obtuined sounding in 1,100 fachoms. Between this and New Zealand only si Jow soundings below 400 futhoms, with hard bottom, were obtained. “The most westerly of these, 275 fathoms, was 300 miles from the land and 125 miles to the eastward of the 1,100 fathoms sounding. The shoul wnter evidently extends for some distance further to the westward, probably us much as 100 miles, which would give @ total breadth of shallow water of 300 miles, The bottom on the sheal was extremely hard, 0 much so that. wo. ub- tained little or no ‘samples in the sounding rods; but as both the dredge and trawl dragged freely along, with: ont eatching any irregularities, it must have been of smooth natare. On reference 10 former soundings on the general chart it is evident that a somewhat similar bank ex- tends for m considerable distance to the westward of the w Zealand; such being the ease, the shoal is y uous and saliow water may be expected all along the western side of the North Isiand: bat I see no Feason to suppose that deep water does not extend to within Avery short distance of the southwest cape of the Middle Island, which is also the nearest land to Australia, The contract for the construction of the cable has ‘been brought about by Captain Audley Coote, of Hobart Town, Tasmania, a gentleman who has evinced much ability in grappling with subjects of magnitude, Nego- tiations between the governments of the three colonies referred to and a syndicate in London, were conducted successfully by Captain Coote, and cablegrams from Lon- don go to say that the contract has been ratified by the representatives of the colonial goyernments in England. PARLIAMENT IN SESSION, In Victoria the Parliament is in se n, and the most important question before the Legislature is the prob- lem of settling the people on the Crown lands of the eolony. The question is nothing new. Various laws and regulations have been devised during the past six- toen years for the purpose of creating a yeomanry in Australia with but partial success, The method hitherto has been to allow adults to select 220 acres, at a rental of two shillings per acre for ten years, when, after that period would have elapsed, under certain conditions, the land would become the fee simple of the lessee, The conditions were that one acre in ten would have been brought under cultivae tion, and that improvements to the value of £} per acre were within three years placed upon the selec- tion, and that the lessee resided thereon, If two or more persons applied at. the same time for the same allotment then the question wonld be decided by ballot as to which should obtain the ec. Before the allotments were thrown open readers will bear in mind that they formed portions of “‘squattings” held by pastoral tenants from the town ata nominal rental, and upon which they raised sheep and cattle. ‘These pastoral tenants, as may be | imagined, looked upon who selected for agricultural purposes on their leased land as hostile enemies, and consequently did all in their power to harass and dismay them. When certain areas were proclaimed open for selection through the ballot | it was nothing unusual to see upward of 100 “dummies” putting tickets into the lottery box against the one bond Jide agricultural settler, and the result ended chiefly ‘disastrous to the latter, hese “dummies,” it will be understood, lent themselves to the pastoral tenant for a iain money consideration, and the upshot was that sland prociaimed for agricultural purposes got into sion of the shepherd princes of Australia at instances a tenth of its value, and the public revenue defrauded to that extent. THE AMENDING LAND ACT BILL, now bronght down by the Minister of Lands, the Hon. J. J. Casey, provides that all persons of the age of eighteen years and upward may select 640 acres of | Crown laud, and gives an extension of the time to place | the improvements to six 3. This measure, it is feared, will not advance settlement, because labor is too dear; in fact, there is none in the market Your readers are aware that all the colonies have their own parliaments and make their own laws. This | is only right. But a great evil arises from the fiscal policy of each, Every government, from New South Wales to Western Australia, has & tariff of ite own, ich hampers commerce.’ and, in instances, alyzes internal trade. The tar! gh, and in sow t wo and one-half | However, during the c is thought that the Victori | lieved of some of the obno: | be expected to return to f | “protection” have crippled this countr; | has been the means of creatin; dustries, yet if has ruined the gi RAILWAY mi of shis colony, Vie- stances reaches Years of for though it nd fostering some in- bulk of ihe people, ONSTRUCTION is carried on energetically in Australia; and that great —the iron horse: shortly be snorting from apital of Victoria, overland to Sydney, New South Wales, ' Victorians have com ‘allway from the metropolis o the frontier, of 187 miles, The govertiment of New South Wales are pushing thetr great Southern and Western | railway to Wagga Wagga, the late residence of the soi- disant Sir Roger Tichborne, New Zealand is not behind the age, neither js South ralia, and within the next deeade we will have the | whole of the great Continent opened up and its vast s developed. The great drawback is the dearth | At this present moment the railway con- | tractors of New South Wales could give employment to 6,000 navvies, at from seven to nine shillings a day, but they cannot be had at even that price. When I speak of a day's work it means eight hours? labor. THE PORTHCOMING WOOL BEAZON in the eity of Melbourne promises to be the grand point of attraction of all the wool buyers in the world, From France, Belgium and other places on the Conti- nent of Europe thither people will flock to get bargains, | Thongh some Americans operated jaet year on this market, itis thought that, through your Decal policy, a great margin was not Jeft for profit. THE NOVA SCOTIA HORROR. THE FATHER OF THE GIRLS BELIEVES THE STORY— CAPTAIN SWAINE TO BE ARRESTED, Concerning the horrible story of the two Misses Suth- erland, who were said.to have been outraged on, board | # Packet vessel bound from Nova Scotia to Boston, and | who, after suffering from the cruelty of all the seamen, | were murdered and thrown overboard, the Halifax Cit | icon saye:— | Phe vessel was called the Mary F. Jones, and sailed, | not from Lockep®rt for Halifax, but from Clyde River | for Boston, with a carge uchg @ deck yf Jummber, load, and the young lulies, rs of Mr, Suther- land, of Clyde River, took passage in her. The informed) afterward landed in their | bos Mouton und reported that the ves- | sel met heavy weather, was thrown on her | beam ends, that the young women were drowned in the cabin, and that they had great difli- culty in escaping with their lives, The story was at first believed, as the inen were in an exhausted com dition when they landed, but the vessel subsequently drifted into Barrington Bay and was boarded by some fishermen, who found her deck load #t poaranee of her having been on her earn. ends and. Bo signs of the young womeh, whove bedies, had they been drowned in the cabin as stated, would’ still have there, The hermen were unable to save the s hen, reame on and she drifted ashore This is the origin of the rum and it is, to aay the least, if the report is correct, @ very suspicious affair, The captain of the Mary E, Jones was named Swaine. The name of the ce vho, it is said, made the confeesion, is Gj 4 been regarded ws ‘an On the information Stinson, was arr & magistrate. 1 tO pi honest ven, one of the crew, named purne and examined before There was not suticient evidence to. war- tal for trial, bat he was held in securi- any charge that be preferred against ie now be ra New Branswick port, and will be immediately arrested on hie wrrival there, There iv a great deal of excitement in the couns try where the victims of the inuppysed outrage lived, and a deep feeling agn he ere eee] im de: | veioning Mr. Sutherkaud thy 5 ber of 4 © . im the city the frst of the about the matte; believes fully the statement as Ser tigle anh} and is deteriained to provecute the. matier’ 80 the ANOTHER VERSION, [From the Halifax Chronicle.} A Chronicle reporter was informed by a Shelburne captain that the whole story is regarded in Shelburne as the oltspring of the disordered brain of Mr, Sutherland, whose mind has been affected by the death of his daughters, who were really drowned when the Mary E. Jones was wrecked, The man Greenwood, mentioned as having told the story, eays he never gave apy such information to Mr, Sutherland. ‘The captain of the Mary E. Jones is a man of good repute, is now in com- mand of @ vessel sailing in the provincial trade, and can be arrested almost at any time if be is wanted, THE MEN AT THE WHEEL, a os THE WAYS AND MEANS OF OUR FERRYBOAT PILOTS-——-THEIR DIFFICULTIES AND DANGERS. The men who carefully and safely direct the swift- going river boats which at all hours of the day and night traverse our rivers have become of some importance in our social economy, They are a numerous, hardy, cool- brained set of men, simple in their ways, and, though navigating inland waters, with much of the roughness Which seems to attach to the service of the sea, Some of them have been navigators on the pathless waters, but the majority are land reared, and would be sorely puzzled if they took the whee! of an ocean steamer, ‘The life of the pilot is trying by reason of its constant anxiety and necessary fears, For the pilot, in case of a mistake, there is no mercy. Whether he has done the best he could or not does not enter into the question. Ho must be perfect and a complete guarantee against danger. This is bard, perhaps, on the pilot, but right in principle, The theory of the ferry companies is that the passage ts quite as safe’as remaining on land, and they pay the pilot to make certain of this, If he thinks he cannot do this then he isn’t fit to be a pilot. HOW PILOTS ARB MADE, But precautions are taken that he Il be fit to gnar- antee his work. The pilot is generally t#Ren from among the deck hands. If he has a laudable wish to increase his living and become of more importance in the world he makes a request that he be allowed to practice, which is accorded him, and then when his day's work of eight hourg.is over he may devote as many hours as he pleases to practice, This consists in studying with some friendly pilot, taking an occasional lift at the wheel, observing how this ‘object is avoided and that swiftly passed, how this current is yiclded to and that breasted, how signals are made, and, in fact, how the thousand dangers that threaten the pilot are overcome, It seems to require a peculiar ability to be a pilot, if ‘we may judge of the results of this practice, Some men, by constant practice, become competent pilots in two years, where, on the other hand, there is a deck hand, who has been practising for ten years consecutively, and, to use the phraseology of his teacher, “he won't never be no good.” A quick eye is the principal qualifi- cation and a quick decision next, The pilot who hesi- tates is lost. Daring and prudence should be about mixed up in equal quantities, and it is just as fatal to a pilot’s success to be too prudent as it is to be too daring. A TALK WITH AN OLD SALT. “Ye see,” said an old pilot to the writer, “the eom- pany don’t like a man what's too slow, no more’n they like a man as runs his. nose into everything he comes across, scarin’ the passengers and making ’em feel as if there might be trouble ahead. The whole thing is to make your eye and your head and your arm act together, You've got to have your eye in the back of your head, just as much as you have in front, to look every which way at the same time. You never know what may strike, and they'll make as much trouble about a row boat being run down as they will about a schooner. Our greatest troubie is with those darned little tugboat They don’t make no sort of effort to signal and they don’t take the trouble to answer if a fellow does signal first. The on): way to do is to go right ahead and not trouble with them, ‘Then they'll get ont of the way, But they don’t seem to obey no rules or regulations at all and do just what they like, Scbooners and steamers and all sorts of hig bouts aro notroublecomparatively. Yon always know what way a sailing vessel is going and where she'll fetch. The big tows are a great bother to us and delay ws in our course a great deal. In the East River, particularly about Fulton ferry, the current is so strong that if atow gets im front of the slip as we ure about to go for it we lose maybe a mile or so—not in a direct line, of course, but before we get where wo were before. It takes a long time to understand the currents on the East River, because ‘there’s no two half hours in the day when they’re the same. It takes long study to get them down fine. That is the trouble with the ten years’ man I told you about,” ‘TRE PILOTS EXAMINATION, Each student of pilotage, when he considers himself proficient and is 80 pronounced by his teacher, goes be- fore the Commissioners of Pilots in this city and under- goes 4 strict examination, Difficult positions for a boat lo be in are assumed, and he is aeked what he would do under the circumstances, and he js obliged to answer as quickly as he would have to act if he were at the helm and 1,000 human beings were in his care. Failures to answer such questions as these are fatal to an examina- tion, But besides this he is asked all the usual ques- tions concerning lights, landmarks, currents, tides, &c., in the neighborhood of all the ferry routes from and to the city, and in all this he must be thoroughly pro- ficient or else he is remanded to undergo more tuition. Fo gag when, having undergone all thia, he receives his diploma as a river pilot, at any accident which happens him, he is again brought up and the case is investigated, If any carelessness or want of foresight can be shown on his part the diploma or license is revoked either for a period during which he must not act as a pilot or forever. This latter revoca- tion ig only carried out under peculiarly aggravating cir- cumstances, such as an accident while the pilot was m- toxicated, which is considered unpardonable, Young pilots are rare, though they do exist, Itis generally felt preferable to have men of larger ex- perience and cool-headed from the frost of age. The Nestor of the forty-five years in the business, and even before that he was aseaman, His experience is such that all the others defer to him, and he is called Commodore Bald- win, though the company does not recognize the rank, and bis salary ts no larger than that of the others, PILOTS) PAY. The pilots in the employ of the Union Ferry Com- pany are as well paia ag any and better paid than some. ‘On the Fulton ferry they receive $1,500 a year for eight hours’ work per day, They goon at five in the morning one day, working until twelve, making seven hours, They are then off until twelve o'clock noon of the next day, working until nine at night, making nine hours’ work’ on astretch, This is a very reasonable amount of work, but it hasbeen found to be quite. enough for any one man atsuch an arduous duty as piloting, wherein all the nerves are on @ constant Strain and the periods of rest between trips average only five minutes, On the Wall street, Hamilton and South ferries the salary of the .pilots is $1,200, the difference being not because of a lesser degree of excel- lence in the business, but because of the lesser work. It ie always easy and eafe to guide ferryboate at any of these ferries as compared with the Fulton, which runs mouch oftener than they do, and where the passage is shorter but much more risky. Some pilots, indeed, prefer the lower salary and lesser danger of the longer routes, On the Roosevelt street ferry, which is a long, tedious route, and not without its dangers, the salary of the pilots is $1,500, but on all the upper ferries of the River it falls below, and is in some cases'as low as $-,000, which is certainly too low for the wil and practice of xo difficult a profession, ON THB NORTH RIVER, On tho North River the average price of the pilot’s work is $110 per month. On the Cortlandt street ferry it ie $116, The same rontine of practice is favored hero ason the East River, and the pilots are usually taken. from the deck hands, af When it is considered that in one moment a pilot may lose his life-long profession these salaries may be called low, At any age the pilot may be thrown out of work, perhaps forever; and yet this fear must be very salutary, for it is mi ous, considering the millious of people who annually cross ovr rivers, how few are injured, No bonus is ever tendered these men, and, though punishment meets them when they do ‘ill no commensurate reward is given when they do well. Ono of the best known pilots on the Williamsburg lino was speaking lo the writer yesterday of the daugers of the ‘eraft. He said that he didn’t mind boats om the river, or currents, or ice, or anything of that kind; but he always felt like resignmg when there was a fog.” It was touch and go with them then. There were about ag many ehances of their knocking mto something as there were of getting to land safely CAPTAIN BELVILLE'S FUNERAL The funeral of Captain Robert C. Belville at Trenton yesterday was one of the largest that ever took place in that city. Nearly every man of note in Trenton and vicinity was in attendance. Among those present were ex-Governor Newell, United States District Attorney A. Q. Keasby, Judges Nixon and Scudder, Colonel Murphy, State Treasurer Sooy, ex-State Senator Charles Hewitt, ex-Speaker George 0. Vanderbilt, Major E. T. Green, County Clerk Randolph Moore, General Rusling, John L. i G. D. W. Vroom, John Taylor and William Cloke, Messrs. H. ©. Stull, C. MH. Skirm, General Oliphant, Colonel Daniel Lodor, Captain Siévens and United States Marshal Boswell’ acted as pall bearers, The afflicted children and many relatives also joined in the funeral procession, The funeral serviecs were con- ducted at the house of the deceased by the Rev, Dr. Dickinson, of the Fourth Presbyterian church, Rey, Dr. Brown officiated at the tomb, Company A, Seventh regiment, NJ.S.N.G., escorted the remains, The caxket bore the following inscription: — ene NE NN ON EE Prcnaraae tha hh aeaeaaaatetaa ‘HOBERT © DELVILLE, Born March 7, 1820, ; Died Angust 16, 1875, 2 OCOD CELE TE DOLETEPEOUTLOLOLTEDEDEOLIPIITOOLEE PE EE HEM) ue girly was | ‘The collin way literally covered with bouquets, { ast River pilots,eold Baldwin, has been | ot the wenk gathering tnformaton | TEE, BOND FORGERY CASE, RAE HELD TO ANSWER—HAZEWELL AND MARe SHALL COMMITTED 48 WITNESSES—HALL DIS- CHARGED. b The adjourned examination of William J. Rae, George R. Marshall, George R. Hazewell and Edward Hall, who Were arrested last week on a charge of complicity in ‘uttering and negotiating fifteen $1,000 “forged bonds on the California and Oregon Railroad, came up yesterday afternoon, before Judge Wandell, at Washington Place Police Court, District Attorney Rollins appeared for the prosecution and Counsellors Brooke, Purdy and Oliver for the prisoners, The affidavits of Eugene Kelly and Superintendent Walling had been taken previously and they were cross- examined yesterday by Counsellor Purdy, Mr. Kelly in his cross-examination said:—When 1 first saw these bonds they were brought into my olfico by Mr. Isaac E. Gates; I pronounced them forgeries; Mr. Gates presented me a number of bonds, of which some were genuine, and I picked out the forged ones easily. Mr. Purdy—Are you able to swear that the bonds on the table are the same you saw in your office? Mr. Kelly—No, I can swear bat to the one men- tioned in the affidavit, No. 6,375 Mr. Kelly then examined the ten bonds that were lying on the table and which are the same that were presented at the Mechanics’ National Bank for negotia- tion, and pronounced them all forged and counterfeit, Mr, Purdy—Do you-deal in these bonds ? Mr. Kelly—No, but I own a good many of them, Mr. Purdy—How do you know they are forged? Mr. Kelly—By the vignette, the coloring of the ink, and in the genuine bonds the word “indorsement” is spelled “endorsement” and on the forged ones ‘in- dorsement.’”? District Attorney Rollins—What are these bonds worth ? Mr. Kelly—In the market? District Attorney Rollins—Yes. Mr. Kelly—Ninety cents—that is, a $1,000 bond is worth $900, To Mr. Purdy—There was only one issue of the Cali- fornia and Oregon Railroad bonds to my knowledge; I indorsed 6,000 of them, which I believe is the total issue; I and Mr. David S. Dodge were the original trustees; Mr. Dodge died and Mr, Calhoun took his place, Superintendent Walling then took the stand, He tes- tifed:—I first saw Mr. Rae in connection with these bonds on last Thursday morning, about half-past seven, at the house No. 221 East Forty-ninth street; when he was brought to Headquarters be sent forme, and when I went to see him he said he kuew nothing about the man George BR. Marshall, and never had any transaction with him; I said to him, “I know better, as I have the letter you wrote to Marshall Jast night; I don't want you to lie to me; if you want lo wii me anything tell me the truth.” Mr. Purdy—Have you that letter with you? Superintendent Walling—No, but I can remember pretty near what it stated; it read as follows:---Call and gee me to-night, no matter how late, if you get this be- fore eleven, If you do not see me to-night be sure and call on me in the morning before you go down town,”? I next saw Rae in the officers’ room, where he acknowl- edged he had got twenty bonds of the California and Oregon Railroad from @ man named Wilson; that he was introduced to Wilson by Hallin the Tivoli Garden; Wil- son was represented to him asa gentleman from Cali- fornia who had a large lot of bonds he wanted to nego- tiate, and that he was trying to elude and cheat his ‘creditors; on the day of the introduction he left Messrs, Wilson nd Hall, and walked toward St, Mark’s place and Third avenue; and proceeded to the Sixpenny Savings Bank, Whilo entering he was tapped on the shoulder by Hall, who had, with Wilson, followed and asked where he was going. He replied he was going to call on an acquaint ance, Hall then said a detective, named Williamson or Williams, stopped us (meaning himself and Wilson) aud asked what we were doing with Roe, Mr. Pardy—Did Mr. Roe say that when he gave the bonds to Marshall he instrueted Marshal! to have them verified? Superintendent Walling—Yes, he said he told Mar- shall to have them verified, and Marshall came back and said they were all right. John D. Emmons, broker, and Samuel B. Dinsmore, editor of the Stockholder, were then examined as to their connection with the negotiation of the loan on the bonds from the Mechanics’ National Bank. Their testi- mony went to show that the bonds were verified by the officers of the Central Pacific Company before they wero resented to the bank, and when the discovery of their ing forged was made the check received from the bank was returned. Mr. Purdy then rose and said that as far as the exami- nation had gone he could see no evidence against any of the prisoners. It was clear there was no evidence against Mr. Hazewell, againet Mr. Marshall, or against his own client, Mr. Roe. As for Mr. Hall, there was not a scintilla of evidence against him, Mr. Roe sent for Mr. Walling and told him that he did not know Mr. Marshall; that is the onty thing against him, Many a person ig brought before Your Honor and gives a false name; that is no evidence of bis guilt. Mr. Purdy went on at lengtn to say that a confession made to a police officer is not evidence against a prisoner under ceriain contingencies, and, furthermore, that there had been no direct evidence brought forward to show that the bonds were really forged, as the evidence of Mr. Kelly was not the evidence of an expert, but merely of an owner of these bonds. I ask. therefore, if it is neceseary to hold that the ball be placed at a moderate figure; though Ido not really think were is any case to go before the Grand Jury with, 3 Yas: Brookes. foe: may clients, Your Honor, 1 ask for their absolute discharge, for they cannot be held (or anything but as witnesses for the prosecution. District Attorney Rollins—I must say, Your Honor, that I cannot ask for anything further. Judge Wandeli—Mr. Hall, you are discharged. Mr. Hall immediately left the room, with Mr. Oliver, his counsel, He did not wait @ moment to ascertain the disposition made of the rest. He was outside the building before His Honor had time to say anything further. Mr. Brooke—My cliente are well known in New York for twenty yeare as business men, and they will appear, whenever called upon. + Judge Wandelli—Well, that may be, but I will hold them in $4,000 bail eact! to appear as witnesses, and Mr. Roe in $10,000 to appear for trial, Hazewell and Mar- shall were then taken to the Hous¢ of Detention, and William J, Roe was brought by Detective Elder vo the Tombs, f KINGS COUNTY LUNATIC ASYLUM, ES ESE Sh INVESTIGATION OF ALLEGED CRUELIY—AN IN- SIDE VIEW OF BALL NO. § OF BEDLAM— TORTURES OF THE DEMENTED. Yesterday forenoon a meeting of the Kings Coanty Board of Charities was held at the Lunatic Asylum, Flatbush, for the purpose of imvestigating the charges of maltreatment of patients, which were bronght to pub- Ue notice by Mr. Nelson Magee, a lately discharged in- mate of the madhouse named. President Norris occu- pied the chair, and there were also present Commis- sioners Rober, Cunningham and Midas. Mr. Magee, the complainant, being sworn, testified that he is in the general commission business in New York; that while in the Lunatic Asylum he was not treated with that de- | gree of kindness by the doctors that should be extended toward a pationt; he was readmit- ted to the institution on June 27, having ridden through Prospect Park and overworked himself, 80 that he was taken out to the asylim by his relatives; he was assigned to Hall No. 8; the names of the nurses were George Bochmeyer and Henry Eagle- hoffer; for several days, ne Was kindly treated by the novel; on & Crtaln ight, however, feelin suey, | ine Water ; witness called one of the nursest get him he knocked with ‘his hand and then witha pail, but no one came to his assistance; in the morning a fellow patient, named Hunt, said he too had been knocking during the night for the nurse to get bim some water, but no attention was paid to the summons; after that the patient waited upon himself through the night; the rooms in the front hall were better than those in the rear; all was quiet there; ip the back hal draughts were frequently given him to pro- mote = sleep; in the back reomn noize made by the ,raving of the patients was the cause of his not sleeping; witness said he always obeyed the orters of the nurses; on suitable days the patients were taken te the yard; he had seen patients refused water | | all sides for Mr. Locke, and the prol when they asked for it; the treatment of patients on the exorcise grounds was fair, there being no restrain first day he entered the asylum the nurse George cut tho bair of the complainant pretty close and shaved him; witness said he remonstrated, saying, “George, 1 am no more crazy than you are; | wish you would elp me to get awWhy from here,” to this the nurse replied, “Get out, you damned crazy fool!” witness eaid, “lam not crazy, but am @ chiel amang ye taking hotes;”” this led the nurse to treating pati¢nts hetver, and the ‘next morning George said, “You are no more craay than Tam;’ in the presence of the dociors the manner of the keopers was generally kind toward the patients; they. were most obsequious in the presence of some of the patients’ frituds; on his second stay Henry asked him why he paid board, ag there was not three cents differ- ence between board of the pay aud the charity pa- tients; the nurse told him to teil his wife when she called again not to pay any more board, but requested him not to tell the doctors what he (the nurse) bad said; Goorge Ayliffe, a patient, said his folks were willing to pay bis board, but witness told bim that he had beter make 4 present to the nurses; on witness’ return a kecond‘time to the asylum there was no limit to their violence and brutal conduct w the patente; he could name eight eases of abuse, but was’ not able t give the dates; had’ heard of — other cases; saw Renry Sebmidi a «= Jewish boy. whowe head had been turned from reading dime novels, bat who war not violent; this boy wae put in a strwilucker the tires nuh, George Bochineyer. A ERE a i i patiant named Riely, who was in the habit of str some imaginary object in the air, and exclaiming, “Get out of that!”’ “had what is known ag “the straps” om him most of the time, and on two different occasions was locked up im the strong room; once Riely, was locked up there for eight days; he was told by Riely that he had nothing to eat one day, and the day befure he had had only one meal, President Norris interrupted the witness tn his narra~ tion, asking for his personal experiences, as the rambling stories of lunatics would be weighty whem twken second hand, in a court of law, Mr. Magee replied that he hoped to be able to prove that men are committed who are not lunatics: there is @ man there named Charley, wh bas a withered arm, in hall No. 8; he has occasionally; there are thirty-elght patients in ball; had seen him sent from ‘the table for no canse at all; there was a Mr. Green there, and his son calling ‘on him one Sunday he asked him to get Dr. Watling’ Permission to go home, but the Doctos said he was well enough; Mr. Green then accosted the Doctor, who was Present at tho time, saying, “You ba, Sad Ty icnow it, and Dll get square with you for this;* a few minates: after this incident Henry warned the younger Greem that he had better take bis leave of the old gentleman, as he was getting excited; Henry told witness that he had been ordered by Dr.’ Wathng to lock Green up ity the back hol but the witness prevailed upon him not to do it; Mr. Magee thought doctor had no right to wreak vengeance on a patient who had offended him, ae hearing of the charges will be resumed NEW JERSEY’S SHAME. GREAT EXCITEMENT IN JERSEY CITY—FREE« HOLDERS MOBBED ON THE STREETS. There is no county of New Jersey that contains ® more enterprising, industrious and law-abiding popula- tion than Hudson. They have always been ready to de- fend the right and resist the wrong, and for this reason t is to be regretted that the following dis- graceful proceedings on the part of men elected to protect the people against fraud of every kind have to be recorded. 1 is patent to the readers of the Herarp that the cruelties practised on prisoners at: the County Penitentiary on Snake Hill, the general de- moralization, the absence of discipline and the alarm-- ing namber of escapes of prisoners within the past few months have made the name of Hudson county & byword thronghout the State, To remedy these evils aspectal committee was appointed to investigate the charges against Warden Post, and tho committee pros» sented two reports yesterday at the meeting of the Board of Freeholders. The committee consisted of Wilbur N. Wickham, chairman; Patrick McPhillips, Thomas P, OReilly, John Dwyer and Herman Mein« ken, Tho first and second named presented a report setting forth that the charges were not only proved hy overwhelming testimony, but that Post himself was compelled to admit the truth of nearly all tho charges, Tho other members presented a report of an entirely different complexion,, and set forth that since Post was appointed by a former Board they would not insult that Board by declaring. him incompetent, even if they believed he was so, ‘Then the fight commenced. The lobby was crowded. and the issue was awaited with breathless anxiety. Delegations were in attendance from eve! part of the county, especially from Hoboken, Bayonne and Harrison, Mr. Wickham. fired the first gun by nioving the resolution attached to the minority report, that Post be dismissed. Mr, O'Reilly moved thut the case be indefinitely postponed, but he was met with a storm of hisses from the lobby, and his motion was lost. Mr. Gibson then delivered & fierce invective against Mr. OReilly, and characterized. as infanious the attempt to retain this foul blot on New! Jersey. Five months ago, be said, Mr. OReilly signed a report calling for the dismissal of Post, ent the Board was startled by bis sudden conversion. No other county in any other State would tolerate such a state of things as existed in that in- stitution. The Warden of the Penitentiary sank so low as to sell liquor to the keepers and then report them, for being drunk. Of the cruelties perpetrated by him, he | not speak, for the whole community has already revolted against them. (Loud applause.) Mr. O'Reilly attempted to reply, but was confronted with! such a storm of indignation that he sank back into hist seat, Then came the most astonishing part of the per-. formance. Mr. Cumming defended the tb 4 of sell ing liquor, and abused the press for giving publicatiom! to such trifles, He regarded Post, no matter what the! charges brought out, as a first clase man, and he would: vote to keep him there. The hissing that followed the: Jast sentence the director in vain tried to suppress for several moments, and Mr. Cumming’s speech was ended, It was difficult to pronounce whether the excitement: in the lobby was more intense than among the mom- bers within the railing. Director Young rapped loudly for order, Some of the seer bees Seer pale as the mutterings of the lobby were wafted ‘Mr. Harper jumped to his feet and made the most telling speech of the day. He said that two years ago a most excellent warden, on whem low of & fault never rested in his public cciapaty, was summarily dismissed on grounds purely picolital, In the present instance a man was convicted of the mo: flagrant charges, and yet members not only refused to dismiss him, but they openly defended him. Such mem, he told to their faces betrayed the people who elected them. (Loud applanse.) Mr, Harper proceeded in this: vein, though repeatediy interrupted by Mr. O’Reilly,. and concluded by saying that the disgrace of tbat da; would, before many months, be wiped out witl a vengeance, This = threat, delivered im, an impassioned tone, electrified the lobby, and tho crowd seemed as if it would burst through the railing. Director Young, the presiding» officer, then put the question, but before doing so sai that he was #0 satisfied of the total incompetency of, Post that he must, by his vote, enter a protest against his continuance in office. The applause that foliowed: this announcement was deafening. The Clerk then pute the vote and the following members yotod for the reso- lution to purge Hudson county of the disgrace: Messrs, Gibson, McPhillips, Harper, Young aud Wick- ham, y + THE BLACK LIST. The following members voted to sustain the Peniten~) tiary disgrace:—Messrs. Cronham, Freeman, Meinken, Heritage, Camming, Curran, Cook, OReilly knd Dwyer, ‘The motion, to remove Post was therefore declared jost,, ‘The groans, hisses and yells in the lobby at this an- nouncement lasted for several minutes and the business of the Board came to a stand still, It was the most dis graceful scene witnessed in any public body m New Jersey since the day the legions of ‘Tom Scott took possession of the Legisiature at Trenton, Mr. Corrat of Hoboken, slipped out, but the moment he appear ‘on the street he was surrounded and hooted. Cries of “Money!” rent the air as the crowd closed around him. The prompt arrival of the police prevented any further disturbance, The crowd lingered around m @ menacing attitude till the session of the Board closed and it was found necessary to have lice officers Sia tioned in front of the Court House. Some of the obnoxious members left by the rear entrance aud. escaped the angry crowd. When Messrs, Wickham and McPhillips appeared they were loudly cheered and a» delegation from the Sixth district, headed by Mr. Teal- ing, publicly thanked the former for the noble stand he had taken in the cause of the poople, ‘The nen of Hur rison were wild with indignation, as Mr. O'Reilly bad pledged them he would reform every abuse. HEAVY FAILURE, The calico print works of William H, Locke js one of the largest manufacturing establishments of Passaic, N. J., and considered one of the best established con- corpg in the Stale, Consequently there was no tittle eric, regret and consternation. when it became known yesterday afternoon that Mr. Locke was about tay suspend payment. About 300 hairds were employed img the establishment, and the first information of the em~ barrassment of Mr. Locke was when they went to wor! yesterday morning about 100 were laid off, being paidi off in full to date. The romelaged igor we ge ia abe up the work on the machines and in ¢o ms ton, when the whole place will probably be closed uphik at Ivast some arrangement is effected with the eres tors, The investigation of accounts Shas te tor this course was concluded about mi ntpy; Wednesday night, when it was dened tdvisable doprossion of busi- try to go no farther, The aoa ness and the unprecedented ip ealicoes are assigne as the causes. ‘The first paper of the house unpaid w: protested yesterday, and an application for the appoin ment of a receiver or an assignee will probably be mad immediately, The greatest sympathy is expressed o1 ilities are th: the creditors will unite in agreeing to some settlement that will allow of the resumption of work in the es-! tablishment. The liabilities are not stated, but the fig-/ ure 18 alleged to be quite large. It will be a very severoy blow to Passaic, and, unless tho work in the factory. is continued i some way, will be a blow which wil) jeaved lasting, injurieus eflects to the place, - $$$ . THE SOVEREIGNS OF INDUSTRY, Aconvention of the New Jersey Soyercigns of Ine! dustry will be held at Trenton on the 4th October next. The object is to consider the: best means of reforming certain abuses thabt now exist in the relations between capital and. bac gd body intends to submit, at the next, session of t s portant ita criminal nee che: Nye bi to Ald nna 1 of a tender age, or except they have a cortifieate from a} school teacher’ that, they are acquainted with the com- mon rudiments of education, and providing t! shall be a criminal offence for an employer f, eee ue | employé in anything but legal money. ‘Those meagnreg, will ba made ax imu in the coming politica! campaign. inthe State, The Order in New Jersey is now com-| posed of twenty councils, with a membership. of ‘ourly- 2.000, A number of wew counelis are in nraces of fag