The New York Herald Newspaper, July 12, 1875, Page 6

THE FLOODS WW FRANCE An Ancient Town Laid Suddenly in Ruins by the Inundation. AGEN MADE DESOLATE. Vineyards, Corn Fields, Pasture Land and Homesteads Overspread. THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY. Sad Scenes in the St. Cyprien Quarter of Toulouse. What the Workmen Foand when Becovering the Bodies of the Dead. Gallant Action by Bands of Relievers. (OW SOME OF THE CORPSES APPEARED IN DEATH The Survivors Becoming Resigned Un- der the Calamity. *Like the Plagues of Egypt—A Scourge from God for Our Sins.” By the European mail of July 2 which arrived yesterday, we received further accounts of the extent of the ruin and desolation which have been produced in Frauce by the river inuudations. The ancient town of Agen, capital of the Department pf Lot-et-Garonne, situated to the southeast of Bordeaux, was dooded suddenly irom two differ- ent quarters almost instantly, some of its foest Public buildings laid waste, many of its inhani- tants carried to death, and a scene of the utmost distress presented within a few hours. And soit was, a8 will be seen, at other points of the territory ef the Garonne. DETAILS OF THE DISASTERS. WHE ANCIENT TOWN OF AGEN, ONCE THE SEAT OF A ROYAL COURT, LAID UNDER WATER. {Agen (June 30) correspondence of London Times.} On Thursday last, at four o'clock, the ola town Of Agen was suddenly Nooded trom two different quarters tp less time than it takes to tell. The Rues Maille, 5t, Antoine and S:, Hilaire, the Pre- tecture, the Cathedral of St. Caprais, built in the eleventh century, the quarters of St. Augustine and Sre. Foi—in short, every part of the town was under water:in iact, only the Jacobins’ church and its immediate neighborhood, the Lycée, the Halles and one or two s'reets escaped. YIVE FEET OF WATER ON THE FLOOR OF THE CATHE- DRAL. In the Cathedral the water was soon over fve feet deep, as also in the Churen of Ste. Fol, OFFICIALS ESCAPING IN BOATS, The Colleze of st. Caprals was completely in- | nndated ana raliway commutication with Tarbes, Tou ouse and Bordeaux cut off. The Palais ae | Justice Was surrouaded aud the magistrates es- taped im boats, Tne Public Treasury, the Post | Onice, the offices of tae Department and the Tax Oftice were quivkiy footed, THE PEOPLE ON THE ROOFS OF CRUMBLING HOUSES. Most of the wretched inhabitants spent the Dignt on Lne roots Of their tuitering houses, A MAIN CAUSE OF THE DISASTER. One of tne causes of the rapidity of the flood Was tne burstius Of the raliway emoankmMent wear Pout st. Pierre de Gaubdert. inrougn ine breach thus ‘ormed tae waler poured like a torrent over tre tuen ieriile plain, It woula be dimcult to Imazine more sudden destruciiou. A SCENE OF DE-OLATION IN THE MORNISG SUS. ijoued this Morning that rauway commaat tion with this town was Stoppes at Layrac. Lue tountry through which sed beyond that town is completely devastar he vineyaras, the corn Deis, the pasture lauds cased w.ti mad, the trees Deut api vreken im every direction, and te heages solid walis ol mud and hay carried away irom the feld Ine trees oa the roadside are Dlied Wita the same substances. In soor:, every- woere (he progress Of tue inundauon is painiully B paren. ip some piaces are rusned cottuges; 1m otuer-, swalps of rottung waize and ciover. Une house pad on It an iMscription uenoting the hetzat di Lhe Muod in 1839. ‘Me water line of the present WnUndat.on Is at least four leet higher, cluse un- aer toe first floor Wingows. strange to say pone 0: the oriuges over Gestroyed, wna Cousequently tne roads are for the Must part open. At Agen itself the scene is muse gistressing. The besutiui promenade, the Gravier, by the river, Where stands the statue of Jacques Jasmin, the copier poet, is a lung line of B.rovted trees, with at one end piles of iaiien bouse: BATTLING AGAINST TIE CONSEQUENCES. In the streets tue loneditants are drying their furniiure or pumping tue Water irom their celiars, out tuey Nave HOt tiat sad, despairing air which L novced at Tour use. Agen is in didicuities, Dut it means to make the best of them. STONES SWEPT INTO THE STREETS FROM THE RIVERS. To snow tne force of tne oods, I may mention that in the very centre of the town are larse stones from the bed of tne river. CHRISTIAN GALLANIKY IN THE MIDST OF DEEP GRinr. Three inhabitants of Agen are worthy of the highest commendation for ‘neir exeruous curiug | tue time Lhe 1OWN Was inundated, they are Licu- tenant Pevrolie, of the dmentieth regiment o1 the line; M. Grousse!, and a sailor, M. Auriat. Kor luree days these yauiant young men went about Irom iwiise to wouse tu a buat, de-pite the rapid current and Jallug houses, ouveying provisions bud rele! lo the suffer ra, How inauy lives wey saved It Would be Uittlcwst LO suy, or their mudesiy equuis their couraue, “)ou's piase me,’ saa a. Pe,rolle, “ior | can swim; aud yet how 1ew swimmers woulu have rug the fisks woich h+ and bis Compunions Gid! 4 am glad vO say (he Marshal made M. feyrolie Cuevaler Oi tne Legion of Huuor to-day. VILLAGES DW&LLINGS DOWN—PEOPLE AND CATTLE DROWNED. At St. Sixte, Sérignan, Langon, Passage and Bequin, Villages in the Leighournoud, houses nave laiie, Cattle have veen drowned, and, in sume tases, aisv Goan veiags. BOWING Tu THY WILL OF GOD. “fhe inuudation,’’ said an Agenois to me, ‘1s like the plagues of Egypt, a scourge irom God for our sios.”” Ti AMOUNT OF LOSSES IN TOULOUSE—Ti—E 87. CYPKIEN QUARTER. ‘Paris (Jane 29—Nignt,) correspondence of the yadon News.) The Municipal Council of ioviouse has held an ex! acrdivary siting. From the reports made to buy (he town engineer ana architect and the BYUUICs Of the diferent trades’ corporations, the losses sus\ained at Loulouse ure roughiy set down ab 75,000,000, 51. Cyprien, im propur- ton fo 18 mbabitants, paid the beaviest taxes vi apy Quarier of tue city, Ine damages Caured vy Lue Nouds sre estimated accordiue to the insaud revenue returns o1 the districts whica have Deen ravage Keat property veing rated in Frauiee very wich deow its actual Value, tne tigures given do not err on the sue of exuggera- hua, No cadasire or yemersi vaiuation hax been made side the Line of the First Empire, when tue Agriculsural resources of France were, compared With what they Huw are, scarcely develupeu, fue marsh iands, then set’ down as wasie, and s jected in consequence to very light imports, Dow among tne mort valuabie, partioniany in tae South, ibe great graziug couacry of WheNnCe [LOUSANUS UI HOTSeS are aunt . belongs to this cavegory. Peop. Wiio OOugE property there, wWhicu thirty years ago velurned three per cent on the purch.se Muncy, DOW get upwara vi fifieen. TWO HUNDRED MILLIONS OF FRANCS. ‘The tiiani reveuue revurn can afford out very impor ect date as tu the josses caused by the in- wpualiou. It taxes no Need Of the homesteaus Wilcu have bers out, ana the gardens tnat nave oven planted within rhe ast hay eentnry. ti the ImAves HPE LOW set down at 200,000,000%., more wan half as much in aduition may ly tided. ‘Ine head of w jocai bank puts tir c@ the sum that | have just stated. Karr had a theory thar there is a ce na that waen , We must pay M WW IMhereot w human exisien We mubage (0 Byoid Lt ior a win the Garonne Pave been | NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 1%, 1875--WITH SUPPLEMENT. x of misery with oompound Langucuoc has been extremely prosper ous for very Many years. toueh It, aNd, eXcept ia one department, it has escaped the plague of tae phyloxera., Toe fatal creaitur Alphonse Karr spoke of nas now come down to eniorce the ioug-deferred payment o1 nis dues with ruiuously oigo interest, WHAT THR SCAVENGERS FIND IN THE ST. CYPRIEN | QUAKTER—THE ROUGE OF THE DiESSING ROOM DOT WASHED FROM HE FACE. (Paris (Juve 29) correspondence of London Ne A corps of scavengers nas been already formed to clear away the alluvial deposit, wnich is 1ast be- ot. Cvprien stood, Anotier corps is in course of which Wii be oc small Value 'n reconstructing (he suourn, They wiil be beaded by artiliery meu and Iniantry sergeants aud corperais, Hitherto the task of searching jor dead bodies and vaiwad) Ras cntireiy falien on the soldiery, who have sho #1 the greatest honesty. came, it ts id, upon a money box filed with gold pieces, He took It to his Sergeant, woo, on searching furt discov. yauavle diamond brvoch ana earrings to & ‘awer, The rumbling noise of tumbri's and artillery wagons, carrying the Jetsam and m which the soldiers pick up atid the aead bodics (bey con- wae to aig out of the piles of rubbisi, coutinues ali day. One of the walls was a showman’s van, which was surprised by the Garonue at a village /ete ana carried down to Toulouse, scarcely injured, ‘ihe company inhabiting it bad pot time to escape Irom their itineraat dwelling, An unicrtuvate Watchuog, chained to the ax.c, was battered al. most inio'@ pulp, All the “trups’ were stuwed Away i daskets, covered with tarpaulin, waich served as © the drowned players, ana came out fresh and gaudy m the midst of the wrecked Onjects Neaped about for transportation to ihe muyoralty. A lietle girl, supposed to Dave been a dancer, NAD NOT WASHED HER FACE on going to ved aud ihe Vermillion was bright as Mf daked In fast colors upon ner guastly cheek, THE FEMALE GIANT, with a pair of artificial legs to w hich her feet were strapped, was in hec tiusel crown aad dress of crimson Cotton velver. She and her husband ad prooadly sat up late and were only tuiuking vu! di- Vesting tnemselves of their finery when a wave swept over the piain aud in its recotl drew them into tae central current. A FRAIL RAFT, probably constructed of some Dousetop with the sticks and boaras at hand, was thrown in upon jand near the hospital. It bore a live poodie a & dead woman, both being fastened to 1, he soldiers made much o/ tne poor brute and carried him joyously to their barracks. A parrot which came unburt out of a ruim has also been opted by toe troops which saved it, Its laik attracted the attenuop of some Linesmen, who lwvored hard to di, it out, tuinking they had come upou somedoay driven mad wich frigut, The proportion OF MAD PEOPLE among the inmates of the hospital ts great, PRESIDENT MACMAHON AT LAYRAC. Yesterday Marshal MacMation was recetved at the Layrac station by the Bisnup uf Aven, the Preiect, Genera: Minot, the mayors of the adja- cent towns and oiher civil and military autnori- tues, Passing through Layrac the President was respectfully but not enthusiastically received. At the Pept Si. Pierre, where te was received by the mayor and municipal autnoritirs, the :ovmer read an udoress, tO which the Marsual answerea vy assuring them of the help of tne government. Alter luncaing atthe Pre ecture the visitors le.t jor Suuveterre and Lamagisiére, where they inspected the ruimed houses sad talked with tne sulfercrs, ‘hey them returoed here, and iu tie evening the.e was a reception at tbe Prefecture. ‘This moruing the Marsdal attended mass, cele- brated oy the Bishop at the Vatnearai. A TOUR OF INSPRCTION. He then visited the quariers where most dam- age bas oeen done. In the Quartier Depeyrac he Was twenty minutes inspectiog the manulactory of M. ’ialoux, fo whom he addressed many cou- sulatory rm Marks, Ac the Grana seminaire, where the garaen Walls are demuilsned and we house serivusly injured, he expressea Dis sympathy 1o tae Bishop. 2 i) BRAVERY REWARDED, Alter inspecting the barracks, which are con- siderably damaged, toe Marsaa! returned to the Vretecture. where he decoraied Culonel Massol, | Captain Mercier, M. Peyrolie, M. Auguc, President | OL the Triounal of Commerce; M. Manec, Vicar Geoeral, and MM. Larat and Buisiéres, two xeutie- men whose liervism Mas excited general admira- top. Military me¢als were also given to soldiers and gendarms. AND STILL ONWARD, At eleven the Marsnai left for the villages of | Cuiaytac, Port St. Marie, Awuillon, Tonneins and | Murimande. | He returos to Agen to-night and ieaves to- | moriow ior Fox. HIS RETURN TO AGEN. Marshal MacMadvu reiurned at eight to-night. He was received outside the Prelecture by about eighty persons, mustly women and chrdrea. | here Was no cheering. | may state in expianae | tion of bis apparent y cold reception at o | he places Visited t.at the Bonapartsts Spread a report (nat ne Would, as did Napoleon Jil. at toe Lyons inundations, distrioute money in | pubic: consequentiy tie peovie are disappuinted. | at La Kéole tie Marshal was received by ine | Cardinal Arc. bishop ol Bordeaux ana tue Preiect | of the Gironde, who gave wim deals as to the dis- 1ress iO the department, | 10-morow moruing | accompany the Marslial and nis suite to Foix. RECOVERING THE KODIRS OF THE DEAD—APPEAR- ANCE OF SUME OF THE CORPSES, {Paris (June 29—Nigut) correaponuence of the Louden News.) The returns of te pulice cummissaries state that amoug the dodies di-covereu more than two- | tures are those of women and chicren. A pile | OF huuse iigen has deen coilected at Lue briage. ‘Tne bodies, waics on the first day alter tne water | susided Were torown in any way into the waz. | ous, ace now wrapped in sheets, in which, alter ley ure undressed and pnotograpned, they ae agvin wound, ‘These sheers do tle same service @s the capva8 in which people aying at sea are consigned \o the ceep. Buriais go on by torch- lignt us wel! as oy dayiugnt. BURYING 18 DEAD, ¥ The Christian Brotuers, who aie not used to the space aud pickaxe, have been relieved irom graveyard cuties, the troops wav are ready | OF Bextons. Volune: Narp, of the arulery, nas | snown himsell an vrator iu the speeches fie has | Mace over the graves of men belonging to his | regiment, One of m6 iuneral adaresses 14 pub- loved Im the Toalunse Liberal, 1b 18 direct, turei- wie and pervaded by @ manly and elevated senti- menor. ue Colones con, raculated his men on the suuple, Scratgntio War’ tanner iu Which they had | | dincuarged tueir duty, Anlmuted by the leeung Which t..e iuandauen-vallea eur, tae French army Was) broken reed, bUL @ solid defence ior tae menaced bauOn. Pubic calamities had the effect oO} calling out puolic spine and fusing class acs Unctions. He was giau to see at Tuulou y had brought out quali ies which in bad been said modern civilization stifd. A weil mer eulogiam Was oriefy pasrea upow ch= Marq’ a'stantpoul, whe faced de: WIth deliveraie purpose. “L forbia you,” 1a wendarme, “10 Ket wlio (his boat. The danger is oo great.” “Lam the Marquis a’Hautpoul,’’ was tue repiy; “and | have cule tu try aBd save tose wuo are | im uanger.”” “since you will have 1 80, M. le Marquis, Jumpin.” The services he rendcreu on 18 Seli-imposed mission are aireauy Well KaoWwn. BLt i 18 DOL provably 48 penerally Koown that le Was siripped by Wreckers at Blaghac, where his bevy Was Washed 1D. XCITING AND AFFECTING INCIDENTS. lng the effect of tae inundatious:— su the fovded piain vetwecu oi. Jory and Cas. teluau, a boat, contamiug iifieen pers ns, came Into vullision With 4 popiar tree aud Was upset. Fourteen of these were arowneu, aud the sur- | vivor, # girl ilieen years uf age, vas lost her | Teatun. | At Anterive a family of sour persons took reinge in (he 0; aoCHes Ol an Elm, a KKeat part of WHICh Was swept away vy the turrent, and ine jour peopie clay.ug to is oranches Were drowped. | Alt Rogues and at Pinsaguei, it is stated, the crosses, the #tacues of ue Virgin aud the imag ©: Lue suluts are the only things tat the waters have -pared. A pour peasant Woniag {u this dis- {ric remarked, “God pauishes France. In the North it has veen war; iu tne Suuih itis tne inuas dastons, 1b is time Lor to oben our eyes,’ At St. Gaudens a huland Gug saved in SUCcessION LWeive jersobs, vasuing Lute the rushe juz ‘orrent bravely, out ‘making the aitempt a ihirteenta time tue poor apiual Was drowned. At Huos, 4) the couduence of tue Garonne, the Jamily vi a aL. Luarment had succeedea iu gevting jure @ Oat, WiICD Was vVertirned. M, fourmeut the younger, however, witn desperate eturts, Managed bo save ali bis reLatives. iu ‘he Apartment tor tue injured at the Hotel Dieu, in Si. Cyprien, is & young man Whose ivot has been muck hurt. Unaited he liad saved sixty persous. At Castoisarrasin @ young mother took ber two infants (cwins at the breast), tied them ouetne andl paced them in a large Wooden trough, used jor Kueading vresd, and comuitiea it to Waves, hoping that 1¢ Would save dren's ex, 98 she fet that was vo full The mmiprovised iv vy, DUE BOON anerward t st the tr {a tree, as broken, ‘The pour woman, to wa Dal love gave a superhuman jor su seizing # branch aud clinped into'the tree, But it was luo Weak, and began to crack omumoasty. Soe then rapily wed the tnianis to a brauca, kisse them, made tae sign Oo; The cross and leaped into (he waves. The swo livile twins were saved, bat the devoted mother was drowned. Jhere is & Man in the Hospital Whore instep was crasned by a veatn de ainst it as ae Woe an and her ugiters, He e bout, m whieh he arisied se a courch window, Where he stuck. rved at great peril the MVes of sixty pe Darvenue, an apothecary, tas been recon 0 lor tue Cross 0; the Legion of Honor. He, og with Privaies Ar- Ut, Cosce, Canteduc, aud rescuea housetops anu trees, Parting, stern, Joé ceiguty-nine persons from (Paris (Jane < orrespon ¢ of London Times.) Maoane ns SUDSCrIptON MS Jor Whe iJ nts te 282,000. M. ‘Vhhers has contribu throngh the Zempay the Luc d’aumaie 25,0001., the Duc ue ja Kucae- The invasion did pot coming pestilential, frou the tongue of land where | focmavion jor the cieariug awW-y of the ruins, | | ior a work discharge In their stead the junction | ed | bs The sollowing are amony the uumerous incidents | related in tne Paris joufoais 0: June 30, concern- | | Doud le 10,000f., while the Pope h forwarsled 20,0006 to the Arcaoisnup of Toulouse ‘The Mayor of Metz has invited Une inhabitants to subscribe in an address whic dwells on the repu- tation of that city ior charity, studiously avoids any allusion to its former connection wita Franc of the French municipalities are yotinz mos contributions, From You.ouse I hear that the Archbisbop has | received a tesgram from (he Pope anoounctng spas be nas sent 20,0001, for tne reliet of the sul- lerers. THE LONDON TOMES CORRECTED. (frum tne Londuo Times, July 1.) The London correspondent of tue Univers writes g us under date 7, Burnes Villar, Lonsdgie row arnes, i | _ Permettes-moi de rectifier une erreur de la part de iv tae Paris qui, vans sa lettre en date Aprime afns: au sujet des inondatious | 28 courant; e Toulouse :— Caivers does not pubiish a list, but proposes to give by the at il the money paid ‘as subven- nd certain Parts (hy Cotte parase tendrait a faire crotre que Univers con souscriptious Daruicuheres, tandts qu'au con- recerrespondaut auralc pu tire dans le uu- o de l' Univers portant la date du 2s—c'est-a-cire, para Parts Ia voile ue sa letire—l’enire- | 2—"'Un admirable elan de ehariti se maniteste de | toutes parts en taveur des imoudés du Midi. Des sous: | criptions sant ouvertes partout Courant au pius presse, | nous addressons les notres u Mgr. l’Archeveque de Tou: louse. Ll ivs repartira sulvant LL uous semble que ce'st tom moment ct, Bovoyer le plus et le p. us lui taisons parvenir cing ce "une collects spontange (line. ) Eg : z 2 1 tanta Provenait des redacteurs de? Univers, estion d'appliquer aux maiheureux s somines destindes & 'Upera er autres theatres elle emanait dun aboune (M. Gaudry) aqui donne I'hospitalite Gans es colonues, comme ere que vous voudrez bien accuetlir ma reciific i- L'Cuivers & tait stivre cette crainte que nos Deputes ue partugent de In letire. The Qficial Journal, of Paris, of June 30, makes an urgent appeal to the charity of the nation tor the reilet of the suffering and loss caused dy tue foods in the South of krunce, ana 8: ever may be the result obiained, it can never ade- quately repair the effects of 80 terrible a visita. tion. THE FIRST REPORTS PROM TOULOUSE AND OTHER PLACES TO PARIS—OFFICIAL DELAY 4 MAIN CAUSE OF THE TERRIBLY FATAL CONSEQUENCES OF THM KIVERS’ RISE. {Paris (June 29) Mai oe ug London Tele- rap We begin at length to get the informatton for which people have been asking this week past, about the origin of the Nouds. One could not un- deistand bow a catastrophe so terrible svouid ar- rive without longer notic the first repoct heard in Paris represented tue imundations as already beyond check, and the first that many poor souls heard upon the spot was the rusn of water round tober dweilings. ‘I'he Gironde tells us in aetall by what fatality apd by what negligence so many huocred lives were lost ‘On Wednesday tne river cose seventeen to twenty centimetres eacn hour. ‘Telegrams from up stream warnea the ofti- cials of the nydrauuc service of @ great food, which Chiet Engineer Faragnet calculated at elgnt metres, ‘This erroneous estimate was posted as usual in the Faubourg S!. Antoine, It was not O14 sort to make much impression, especially as the authorities suggested no arrangements tor saving lle, There Were many bvats, but no sauoi8 ready. One opinion only prevails about this pegiect. On Thursday morning tne flood in- creased rapidly, twenty to cweniy tye centimetres every hour. Despatcnes from Toulouse, Montau- van and Moissac announced alarming news. At midday, with sucn inteliigence, it became urgent to give Lhe people @ warning, which is done by the tucsin in the country, by sound of trumpet in the town of Agen; out nothing was said, nothing gone. By four o’clock the banks of tne river vad become Unapproacnadle, the low-lying quarter of Fon-Raché was submerged up to the first toor, | Or cette collecte ant la qu *inondes le G | peop. Day! been plainly writ former excesses In the dirtriet, Mountain streams both raise their beds pod Geepen them; as, during ordinary senses, the up- ‘a per doods loosen aod bring down od dud eit, to leave muc of it where the slopes aliow of @ siackened current, Agalo, W bridges and other Works 01 rivers inierrupt tue ordinary low and induce depusit, woich its the bed of suca rivers above their lormer levels, $0 that a sudden eXcess, [rom & co ubInAtION Of natural CAUSES. ws Jo 198 suth of France—excess of snow to be | we ted, u rapid rise in temperature, with heavy | raintall—produces a flood woies is overwhelming. | Tbe nustake 1s in thinking that such a food 14 Uh- Drecetented, as it 1s Oniy unprecedented to ile existing untaught generation, Ever since the | Pyrenees were heaved above the ocean, devas | tauing Noods have at iutervals scored their sides, ANd will cuntinue his Operation as long #f sth, ocean, air aud mountaly ridge and siope remain, It Will be unly poor consolation to say fo the Iuhavitants oF the leatfully devastated district, “You should not save built your houses witoin the rane of fovds;” but will it be either cruel or uwo- Jar to Bay that “nature may Tepeat the cause of the disaster,” nay, certaimly wili repeat it, and that U Houses are revuilt as formerly, aod nothing 18 doue vy Way of protection, a simular Muod will be lable Lo cause simdar aestruction y With re- spect 10 our young enuineers, Whose bridges nud | Viauuets bave been washed down In Soath A rica, tn Tovia aud im Australia, the only plea availavie as that sata “sueer igaorance, sir.” The jaws Ol excesses 1D | nature vaght to be more thy taught, anu every eXcess Of Lalnre OULHE to De B lesson ‘for the tts ture, { lave tue hunor to be, sir. your obenent servant, KOBERT RAWLINSON, MACMAHON SEBS A DREADFUL FIELD. [{Froin the Loodon Datly News, June 30.) Marshal MacMahon ts reporter to bave suid he never saw # vatliefeld the day aiter tne Ont naif 80 horr.vie as the districts frou Which the Garonce has retired, THF BRIDGE AT TARBES. (Tarbes (June 30) oa of London ‘times, This quaint old town does not seem to have sul- fered much Irom vhe rising of the Adour, toough the bridg: immense fold vlock of maxoury, looks as tit had been biown up. Woramen are already repairing it and a temporary lootway untes the two banks. ‘tne river hardly fils 1ts bed and it seems incredibie that it could nave done the migchte! it nas. ‘The ar-enal vas also suffered, especiallyon the east side, Two lives are supposeu to nave veen Jost during the inunda- tion, but uo bodies have been founa, RELIEF FOR FRENCH SUFFERERS. MEETINGS PROPOSED TO BE HELD—ADDITIONAL SUBSCRIPTIONS. It 18 # cource of satixfaction to be able to ninte that energetic measures are to be taken in order to raise a suitable und Jor the relief of the victims of the floods in France. A meeting of the Stock Exchange ts to be held for this purpose and tt is understood that the Chamber of Commerce, Corn Exchange and other bodies wili also take action in the matter, Meanwhile our French residents are notidie, Tne sum of $6,000 nas already been coptribated, and this amvaut 18 tu be trausierred at once, LY caple, to the degolaled depai tments. Measures are in progress for picuics, concerts und returns. messrs, Euenne Guivand, Henry Dupin, Marin Gamuier and Felix Kogne, consututing a committee of natives of the South of France, have cailed @ meeling 'o be held this evening at No. 126 Sixth avenue, to devise meaus Of making a sys- tematic appeal to ail who sympathize with tne sutferers of the inundation. The sollowing letter audressed to tne editor of the Courrier des kats- Unts explains itseif:— Nxw York, Juty 10, 1875, Srn—I enclose the modest offering of the priests of the iroh of ot. Vincent and the promenaue of Gavier fooded,” THE AGGREGATED WATEK BURSTS THROUGH THE RESTRAINT OF EMBANKMENS. Up to this time tne Garonne bad poured itself past the town of Agen, Ovoding the rignt bank alone; but two hours after it suddenly celuged all the piain. It appears that the Southern Railway, whlch cuts ia two the great plateau of Sauye: terre from the Bon-Encontre station to the via. duct of Saint Plerre de Gaubert-sur-Garonne, and from thence to the village of Layrac, ,orms a sort o1dam, Fvur thousand metres of embankment give no opening jor Water to pass except the seventeen arches of the aqueauct, saving @ oriage across ine Kstressul, by Layrac. THIS IMMENSE DAM Kept Dack the waters accumulated in the plains of pauiveterre, Saint Nicolas, Saint Jean de Thurac and Ostende, it drove the flovd into the Garonne Canal, snd thus caused, apparentiy, tne partial inundation of Agen, Apcut 8iX o'clock THE EMBANKMENT BURST ard let through tis enormous mass of water. No alarm naving been given. many people stil had goubs wbout thelr peril, ihe svops were open, merchandise in ali the windows, Before you goula Wink ihe banteues o1 Boé, Qninault, | Caifornie, fc, vanished under warer. ihe sub- | urbs, tue Route Neuve, Treoac, the Piate-forme, "alais de Justice, the Prefecture, the Grand Seminary, and, avove all, Descayrac, rea the ue jate. By the vroad streets vorve Neuve, Saint Jean, du Tempie anu saint Gi- lis, (ne Mooa reached tae city’s neart, ©AN THK ACTHORITINS KXCUSE THEMSELVES. Such appears to be the direct cause of that Waste 0: Woman iife whic vas astonisoed and | snocked the world, The responsibie authorities | 01 Agen will have heavy work in excuipating | Memseives from a charge of criminal neglience. ‘Yue oss of property ‘Ney could, perhaps, aave done jistie to avert; but there was ample tume to get all buman beings into safety, or, at iexst, to waro tue Oi their danger, It would seear that the words of t.e bimperor, winch maue | | sucn stir to Juiy, 1856, passed and were for- gotien, Me wrote to M. Kouner, irom Plom- | bieres:—"What nappeued ulter the foods of 1846 | cugut tobe a lessua to us. There was muca | taik in the Chamoers, many luminous reports, but no sySteu Was adupted, no Clear impulse given, | and the goverument confined Itseil to partial | Works, whica have only served, as scieniifc men | deciare, to make this last flood more disastrous.” | _ du his agdress irom the tarove next year the Emperor retarneu_to this subject:—**Several de- PeTimenis have sifffered irom inundations. Loave | every reason to hope that science will nnally suc- | ceed in tamtog nature. I hold it as a point of | bonor that rivers in France, like revolation, be Made to keep in sueir beds and oe unaole to stir from tvem,”’ But we see before us a proof how the Emperor failed, alike with rivers and revoiu- | tons, No uew system was used, no common im- | puise given, aster 1856, | Tae Words he spoke may serve us now. THE RECURRENT PERIODS OF FLUVIAL CALAMITIRS IN FRANCE. [Paris (June 29) correspondence of London Tele- | the prisons, tne ‘o1 this chureh, nestiy desir appeal to his congregation, Who are always disposed to ald in wood works, But our peopie are so much dispersed acthis moment that ttanay Dest to await their return so as to iistre to this Chris- 1! und patrioc Work & more abundant response, will, be in the Church of st. Vincentde Paula 4 funwrsl service tor those who perished and a charity sormon will be delivered, In order to raise funds tor the benenlt of the survivor who have Leen reduced to isery. Your devoted servant in Curis Laisa U, JOURNIER, 8, P.M. Prov. ADDITIONAL SUBSCRIPTIONS, The Fathers of Church centde Paul FG. Chiron, Mighlan Mme. J. H. Bourlies wcntman & me. A. Haraut. J. o, Miclsa, Houston, fexal Lucien Falr Lon Jalite. se eee Mme. Daveau et ses ouvrieres. Charies Verlics H, Cully... THE FLOOD IN HUNGARY. <8 wor cote’ SSSSSSESsES ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY CORPSES FOUND. {From the Dubito Evening Mall, June 30.) The disasiers in Ulen, Hungary, by toe flood is greater than was supposed. One hundred and | twenty corpses have been found, but many have | been carried away by the Danube. | Baron Bela Liptnay, a distinguished member of the Hunga:iau conservative party, 18 missing. FIRE IN A RUSSIAN TOWN. THE TOWN OF MORSCHANSK DESTROYED BY A TERRIBLE CONFLAGRATION—A VIOLENT WIND DRIVING THE FLAMES—TWO HUNDRED LIVES LOST AND ONE THOUSAND HOUSES DESTROYED. (St. Petersburg (June 25) correspondence of the London Standard.) Isee that the disaster woich has Cestroyed the town of Morscoansk bas been ooticed in your telegrams. ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE FIRE. The fire began about jour o’clock in tne after- noon In ove of the jaubvurgs, at @ distance of near'y half a mile irom the town proper, and | Within a ieW oours the whole tuwn, over an ex+ tent of five versis, was the prey of the Names. A violent wind drove tne flames in all directions, | causiog theui to overieap all the open squares and even the river. TERRIBLE CONSEQUENCES. AS the fire grew the winu became 4 tempest, to bave been used by vr, Joinsou— | THE SOUTH. Parties of the Future. What Is Needed ‘o Keep Order and Restore Confidence. NO POLITICAL CRIMES. How the Man and Brother Must Vote. MONTGOMERY, May 23, 1875, ‘adition lives jonzer among the Southern whites than with us. How elve cim you account for the tact that you hear everywhere of whigs, and that the real division of political parties in those States which I have seen ts between whigs and democrats? Jn Louisiana the whiz prejudice and dislike against aemocrats {s so strong that the party leaders found it necessary to adopt the name conservative, Jn Arkansas the whig leaders are quietly seeking out their lollowers. In Ala- bama when you hear of an independent candidare just now, he is most likely to have been an old whig. In Mississippi, even, there are whigs, but they bave as yet no ground to stand on. When- ever federal interference in tne local affairs of these States ceases the color line will be broken and the popuiation will divide into whigs and democrats. The leaders of the present white party will, a8 @ matter of course, sirive to prevent this in such States as Louisiana, Arkansas or Ala- bama; but their ecforts will be in vain. ‘There are traditional aaimosities and differences, and these were not destroyed by the war, The Southern whig was usually a conservative and opposed to secession, less, 1 imagine, because he liked the Union, than because he disiiked the democratic leaders, who urged secession, and whom he be- Mleved to be incapable and often dishonest. Tae result of the war has not raised the democratic secession leaders in the esteem of the old whigs, For the present they act together, under the pressure of federal interierence and to defeat the Tepudlican leaders. But there are many signs to show that whenever politics in otuer enterprises, which itis popea Will yield good | the States 1 have seen resume their nit- ural condition the whigs will rally, and, with the help of such part of the colored vote as they can run over to thoir side, will try to se- cure the control of those States, The whig feel- ing ectally strong in Louisiana, and there Is litne doubt that that State, and probably some others, could easily have been made permanently Tepubiican had the republican leaders who came to the top there in 1863 been wise and honest men, and had they given tne people good govern: ment and industrial prosperity. HOW THE NEGROR3 WILL VOTE. Il, Whenever the federal interference ceases 1t will be feund, I believe, that the negroes will not at first cast a full vote; and as this will, per- haps, be charged to intimidation, it is useiul to explain the real reasons, It 13 everywhere asserted by the republicans that with- oat white men to “organize” the colored vote—which means to mass it, to excite it, to gather the voters at barbecues, to carry them up with @ hurrah to the polls, to make “polting”’ tecribie, to appeal to the fears of tne ig- norant and the cupidity of the ehrewd—without allthis the negro will not.vote, ‘This is tse univ versal testimony of all republicans in the South, good and bad, Now the ‘organizers” of the col- orea vote are almost altogether the petty federal ofMfice-hoiders. They have little else to do, aud they give themselves to the work, In Alabama, for insianoce, in 1874, the Republican State Execu- tive Committee nomimated the deputy Unitea States marshals for the whole State. Many of these persons were candiaates for the Legislature oc for local ofMices; imany candidates were also United States supervisors of election. They ap- peaied to the negro clotned in the majesty of federal oMfce; they spoke in the name of General Grant; @ deputy marshal could summon troops and could summarily arrest white men. He wasa very great man to anezro, Indeed, a dep- uty United States marshal is a very great man to @ Southern white man; jor he has really extraor- dinary powers; and in the South nobody nowadays thinks jor a moment of resisting “ the govern- meat.” “We may fight among ourseives,” said town were engaged in a riot, to produce peace you need not even bring in a squad of tederai troops, You need only stuff the clothes of a federal ser- geant with straw, and bring that eMgy into the market place, and in five minates you would have absolute quier."’ And he dia not exaggerate. Well, take away these petty federal “organ- and evormous planks and shee's of iron, torn | irom toe lailing houses, were huried as high as | the second story of houses still standing. Cases | of go. ds allowed to flout along the river were burned on the water. some o! the papers of tie | public offices have beeo iound at w distance of SIXty versis from the town, and the glow ot the | Ore liguied up the horizon to a distance ot | raph.) lt is noted as # strange coincidence that the | great overflo of the Garonne nave happened | every twenty years since tne beginning of this | | cen. ury—1515, 1505, 1855 amd 1875 are dates nesustt | thatriver bank. dhe Loire and the Khone are | d, upon evidence less Cear, to be cangereus every (eb yeuro—1646 and 1856 dear out this caicu- | | lation, and the superstitious are growing alarmed aiready at vext year’s peril. Were it reasunavie ty suppose that Mvods are really periodic the | oficisi reports of aisaster which begin to come jorward would justiy a panic, Or large towns you will alreauy bave seen tne dreadful re- turns, but the villages bass with littic notice. 1 flog it mentioned that ontecn ana Rivole have “not wholly per.sned.” At Basuide bespias sixty- two houses are destroyed out of seventy. In the Vallée ae Volp three bridges of masonry have | broken down. uran is levelled; 80 ure Fenouiliet, Gagnac and Ouaes. At issac 200 Nouses wave sone,’ at Castelsarrasin tuirty, and co of through the list, though | have chosen the worst cases. in 1770 a damage of £800,000 was calculated; in | 1855 £40,000, Neither o: tuese calamities ap- prvachea that before us, either in beigat of the overflow nor in the damage, THE MAXIMUM DEPTH. The best accounts differ os tu the maximum of the flood, sume put it at thirty-seven feet two Inches, Others at Lhirty-eLgnt tec THE DANGEK OF RAIN FLUODS EXCESSES—HOW TO PROVIDE AGAINST CALAMIT To THE Epiron oF THE LONDON 1IME: SIR—1ue terrible inundations by the Garonne | May teach @ useful lesson to tase wao will learn | it, this lesson growing vat Of tne fact that ex- cesses 10 Fain fvods are to De expected and snould be proviced ior, Tne story ui destructive river flovds occurring im one part of the word or te Other Is ever Dew and is ever being fold. Now is 18 the South of Frauce, irom the uortaern slope of the Pyrenees. Ashort ime ago it was portions oj italy, and We Nave iecentiy neard of destruc live rain flooas im America, in Southero Alrica, in Ingia and in Australia, and we have not been wi hout such cases tu Great Brivaln, trough OUF floods are nme audibarmiess Compared to (ne Invudation How under nutice in brauce. Mew Who vave lived through «rdinarily quict seasons believe and state taat “the seasons have altered.” Agricul ural draiiage aud cultivation have dove ity? "We snail rever vave the fuods we had for- mwerly,’ &c, On the ower hund, planting joreats or cutting down forests ly said (0 mouify climat ‘These tuings do no doubt mouify nue weather Cimate, OUFIN NO Way affect or inverfere with Nalure ‘in her excesses. as all the iavur of ali the eh Who ever liveo or ever Will live never cid | or Hever can add Or diminish one degree of heat to oF from the sn yaseduently the laws of eVeporation and ¢ nsation 4O ou unagected gricuiture or forest denuding or ioiest plant ing. ‘Toe Wrat of the sua, the area of tue ovean ana the volume of the attnosphere cannot pe reg ulated, ana upon these that weather pends, The i trom the san may vary accord- lng to the great and suvtie law, of puisation pervading all nature, which, like the swing of the penduiim, is regular in (ts irreguiarity } Uy efore, there are puch plisation or tides in the heat irom ine sun the meteorology of the earth Must corvespona ayMpatgeticaiy with such Changes, and twes of greatest beat will ve times oi Must EVAporation and of heaviest rainfall, Ad MAL CaNNot CoNTTL the elements, what can he dor He can strive to understand the laws and actions of nature, and As much asx possible an- ticipate the probable excesses, and su avoll (he fects. Nature ts neither secret nor nypoerith- cal; she works, in meteorology at ail’ events, openly and avove ooard. Fivods of .ormer pertoda enurave their Ty GOWN Mountain siopes aud through i lieys, but you nute OF such evi and town ine first A happens; UNs— _ “who could have tought it’—excess haying ninety versts, wooden houses at one ena of the town, out of the brick builsiogs Haruly ten have esciped. j Ail the pudlic edifices, with the exception ot the | achoul aud severai churches, Dave beeu destroyed, The Gestraction of property bas been eutire, Many Of tne inhabitants trustea to cellars and vaulis, but they nearly all sell in, As she tre | spread, furniiure aud othe to gardens and other open spaces, but in vain; tne ilames soon reached tnem and reauced aii to | ashes. } Only one of the corn depots was saved. | Lost. It ts calculated that 1,000 buildings have been | burned, and tuat the Juss cannot be less than 5,000,000 rowdie-. About 200 lives Were lost and | several thousand persons were wounded. | D. Succor, In the shape of provisions, clothes and | Money, was instantly forwarded Irom Tamvod, | Riezan and other plices, to the uniortunate clue | zens ol Morschansk, literslly Wandering about the | woods or she.tering unoer carts, having lost every | tuln2,and the vuuber of the homeiess und destilue | excecved 10,000, [bree days alter the tire te corporation of the town petitioned tne govern- | ment lor a loan 014,000,000 rouvles, to o¢ redeemed in thirty years The official report cunciudes with | Sa)ing (hattne inhabitanta support the disasver | has overturown them witn exemplary | #8 he pleases. whielr | terest, izers,”” and tine negro, Jeit face to face with the white man, no longer marched up in cotumn to the central poll oi the county, bat voting in nis proper precinct; argued with; hearing both sides | for the first time ; Knowiug by expertence, as he will | presently, that the democrat is not a monster and ‘The fire spared about a luodred | that a democratic victory aoes not mean his re-en- | slavement, will iose much of his interest in elec- tions. “They won’t vote uniess they have white organizers,” is the universal testimony of the re- poblican leacers wherever I have been. A Glimpse of the Political) sfrom which trade bags been civerted in a similiar way, Time will bring other and, per:aps, even more lucrative trame to mort of these, in ten years {be market gardeut waich are growing up about Mobile will bring at ; Much money to tnat city 2s ih» colton | used to, and when the Lonistane ques Mon 14 foatly “cenationalizsd,” as @ Zonk ous Packari man put it in New Or leans, ihe revival of industry m Souther | Louisiana will in a few years make that wonder fully rien country as productive as it ought to b¢ and re-estavlish rne fortanes of Now Orleans, Meantime it isa fect that if the planters are poor they owe but little money, Pian! ng has come (0 @ Cash basis, and @ good crop 1s good lor the jand owner and the laborer and not matoly for the factor, There is no doubt that there has been much suffering in the South since the war, among @ class of people who formerly scarcely knew what even piucent economy meant. Tne emancipation of the slaves destroyed at a blow, for tae siaveownera, the greater part of the ac- cumulated capital of these Stat The isvor ts still there. Tne community will presentiy be weaititer than ever. Butin the redistriburion of this wealth the former wealthy class will be re’ duced to moderate means, It is by no means a public culamity; but 1) makes many individuals gloomy and hopeless ana is one cause of the gem eral depression, V. Fiually these States have made & new exper- jJence in taxaticn, Aside from the plundering, which bas not been very great in Alabama or Missixsippt, there 18 @ natural and tuevitable ine crease in taxation, growing out of the fact that the tormer slaves are now citizens, who are taught in schools, tried in courts of justice, confined in State and other prisons, supported in asylums, and in, Many other ways are, as all citizens are, a source of public expense, This is too often for- gotten by Southern men when they complain of hign taxes. Formerly @ negro thief received tuirty-nine lashes srom the overseer, and thire an end; now a constable catches him, a prison holda him foe trial, a Grand Jury indicts him, a petit Jury hears evidence for and against him, a judge sentences him if ne is guilty, and thereupon a penitentiary receives bim just as it does his white brotner-in-law; or, if 1¢ 18 mm Alabama, his father hires him of the State at twenty cents a day, and lets him loaf about the cabin unti bis term exe pires or he becomes a candidate for another term, THE MISFORTUNE 13 that the federal interierence hi held these States under republican rule against the will of the intelligent part of their citizens, and has pre vented these irom learning by experience what fre the real difficulties and necessities of govern: ment under the new order of things. In Ala bama, just now, for instance, the democrats, who are in power, begin to discover that the price of government nas gone up,’’ and that they cannot very greatly lower the taxes, against which, among other things, they have long grumpled, Ina State like Lovisana or Arkansas, of course, merely to stop the stealing will at.once and enor: mously relieve the community, and a good deal can be effected by economy in government in Ala bama and Mississippi as well, But the democrat will discover that they cannot get back to the old extremely low taxes. WHAT IS NEEDED IN THE SOUTH. VI. Finally, a8 to peace, The Svuthern white Population differs from ours in one or two impor- tant respects. In the States I have seen there is @ more marked distinction between the wealthy and the poor than 1s commonly found in the North, Tue numerous class of poor white farmere area kind of people unknown among us, Settled upon their lands, long and constantly neglected before the war; living still in a backwoods coum try and in true backwoods style, without schools, with few churches, and given to rude sports and @ rude agriculture, they are & peculiar people, They have more good qualities than their wealtne er neighbors the planters always allow them; but they are ignorant, easily prejudiced, and they have, since the war, lived 1n a dread of having so- cial equalliy with the negro imposed upon them, ‘This fear nas bred hatred oj the blacks, which has often, in former years, found expression in bratal acts, to which, I believe, in the majority of cases, they were instigated by bad men of 8 class above them. A more mischievous class than these poor white farmers 1s found in a large number of young men in the remoter parts of these States, who follow no regular occupation, but prey upon the com munity, white as weil as black; they are gamblert and political bummers; they drink whiskey and swagger in barrooms, armed with revolvers and Knives, and it was for some years their nabi, when they needed excitement, to “snooc a mig- ger.” They are mainly tne descendants of the overseer and negro trader class in tue South, and a Mississippian to me; *butif the whole of my | naturally despise honest labor and take readily to brute force. They have often suficient eaacation to make a political harangue, and they are a curse to the community. Ifthe republican leaders in such @ State as Louisiana haa done their duty they would have exterminated this not numerous class, which Is disliked and feared by tne decent white people, upon which it has often imposed itself, It wa these wretches that Sheridan called ‘‘band;tt.’ To have huag them by the dozen would have beer the frat duty of a good ruler in Louisiana, and ne would have won the gratitude and support of tue decent people who forn the mass of the com munity. In Arkansas this scum was croshed out, In Louisiana it was tolerated vy the repubtican rulers, and has been kept down mainiy by the Of course, a8 Soon a8 parties are rearranged on | appear; for the icaders of eacn party, the whig and the democrat, will do their utmost to get lus effects were removed | &80und and natural basis the negro vote will re- | | vote, and there will be the absolute security of the | TWO HUNDRED LIVES AND A THOUSAND BUILDINGS | black man. I beiteve, however, that for many | punish years to come, until a new geperation arrives at | | Manhood perhaps, and, at any rate, until the Diack man becomes generally an Independent | farmer, he will be largely influenced in hits po- litical aMitations by the white. He will vote as | the the his employer, or he rents land, or planter white he most trusts, ana with whom, perhaps, he de- | posits his savings, tells him Js best for bis own in- | even in the most lawless parts of Mississippi. He He will, perhaps, io the cities sell his registration certidcate, as in Montgomery the | respectable people themselves. In Mississippi it forms stil the most Voclierous part of the demo. cratic party, though by fur the least numerous, As thia 1s really a criminal class it wiil continue to commit crimes ; but toey will not be political crimes, nor will they be beyond the power of s reasonably energetic State government te and repress. AS these young bivods have often influential connections and as they are Known to be ready wits the pistol, they may sometimes overawe 1 local jury, smd it their crime 1s given a politica’ aspect by the uction of federal officers they may jrom whom | eyen temporarily win the sympathies of unthink man whom | Ing people. But a vivilant and energetic Governor will have no difMculty ip mastering the situation, need not call on the United States. There is no where such a combination as a determined Gover other day. But, atany rate, he wiil vote or not, | nor cannot put down, nor anywhere crime whict Ana it 1s Jar better that he should he cannot punish. In the last resort a Governor patience, and it is apparent that the town has | act under such influences than that his vote | may declare martial jaw in a county, and ifhe it should be massed against the property and intel- | wise ne will take that occasion to hang up & few higence of the white people to achieve the pur- | disorderly wretches. se will make votes for the already ‘emerged from the caaotic state into WHICH It Was Ab Brat Necessartiy prunged, FAMINE IN ICELAND. FOURTEEN THOUSAND PERSONS MADE DESTITUTE BY TRE VOLCANIC ERUPTION. {From the London Times, July 1.) Mr, Eirfkr Magoissou, Sad-Librarian of tne Univ- ereity Livrary, write to us from Cambridge :— iceland In the shape of a Volcanu eruption (ii character and extent almost identical with taat of 1733, wich proved the death of 14,000 numan oeings), the imevitabie consequences of whica will be famine. and destructiou of human ile on a large seal uniess tuinely aid should jortheoming. A iirge numper of the most prosperous country districts in the isiand Was laid Waste in tne course of four hours last Kasier Monday by being covered with | scortaceous sand, pumice and volcanic ashes. ‘The tuoabitants have hud to fy for life, with their stock, Into districts not yet adecied, the pas- tures of Which have veen charitably plucen at teir disposal by the respective put, beiug many times over tocked, they are beginuing already to yield ony taaishing susten- €. he distressed parts tt 18 calculated Cons pas- tures to the extene of from miles have been destroyed, wien supplied cae necessary food for 40,000 sheep, 2,000 catue and 3,0 Lursel Tne sptead of tne distress into lose Very districis Whose enarity Is supporting the first anflerers i itself tnereasing ts evil to ao alniming extent, so that any aid, to suing winter, as ail prospect of a Day Narvest (Une Only MAFVest KNOWN IN [ee.and) 18 gone lor Cals yoar la the immediately adected aixtricis, and is largely impaired in the invaded ones. Food and jodder being immediately required for tne starv- Ing weds, It 1 Proposed, sowid tats appeal ve hoerwiy res; onded to, as 1 sincerely nope it will be, (o charter a special steamer at the carhest possible wale, te convey direct to the conntry, 48 Ofirstinsalment of Enitsh charity, such stores as are apsolutely necessary «t this m The Lerd Major has uv pleasur Tiptiogs Gis.ress, aNd such as are Willing are requested vo ecnd their contributions ty the Mansion House, | 48 this year been visited Ly a calamity | o private letters which 1 have just received | ,500 to 3,000 square | time poor. be. ais | fectual, MUSE Wane provision not oniy for the Ins | stant Wants of the peuple, Dut also ior the en | spoken of causes of 4 poses of unscrupulous demagogue: LIMITATIONS OF THE SUFFRAGE, next election by doing so, for lawlessness is not general; the mass of the people wish for peace TIL It struck me as probable and natural that | ana order. | some constitutional modification of the suffrage | What those States which I have visited most shoulda come avout in such States as Louisiana | need for some years to come is @ vizorous and aad Mississippi. pled equally to white and black, seemed to me evident. of poor and tiliterate resists to the utiermost—nuw, at apy limitation which would affect them, “It is More probable that we «bali make the State Sen- ate represent property, leaving the House open to everybody,” sald a Louisiana republican to me; | buteven that would only inake a deadlock. Tne real cure, I imagine, lies—afier the breaking of the color lin weuel owners; | education. But there is room ior wide statesman- ship in many of the Soutuera States, THE PROPLE Poor. 1V. The four States oi which I speak are at this Crop futiures, political rovbery, pov- An education qualification, ap- — alert State goverpment; a Governor extremely Vigilant In expressing amd punishing crime, and jut the reply was that itis imoossible. | possessing the energy and courage to use to the | These States havg 4 considerable population | utmost lis power “to maintain peace.’’ Governor whites, who would | Garland, of Arkansas, Set an excellent example Jeant— in this respect when, last spring, he caused ¢ coupie of miscreants who haa shot at@ man is pure wantonuess to be pursued not only throug! the State, but into the lower part of Louisiana where they were finally capiured and brough’ in trons to Little Kock to be tried. The Governot then openly declared that he would catch and and even compulsory | punish them, if he nad to spend the whole con tingent fund in the Treasury, He had on bis side | the stroug sympathy of the people everywhere in | the State, and his excellent conduct om this oo casion overawed the lawless class. | Tne great body of the people In the States) erty arising irom the Joss of slave property and | nave seen desire peace and good order, What J the derangement of commerce consequent on the completion of new and important railroad lines, all combine to produce this result. merce has found many new erty owners and to mercantile houses, | tem, penetrates the richest parts of | and deprives New Oricans of an important trade, | ‘Ine greater part of th cotton which iormerly found its way to Movilo down the Alabama iver I now £0es by rat) to Savannan or direct North. The last | have encouraged lawlessness named is one of the most important but leaat | their wretched ineMcieucy. chiefy biame the republican State governments jor in Louisiana, Alabama and Mississippl is that | tuey have Mot secured peaco and order. They and disorder by And this nas beeq tress in the South, Com- | caused mainly by their abitity (o throw upon the avenues since | the war, and old established centres have de- clined im prosperity in a manner ruinous to prop- New Orleans formeriy aimost monopolized the trade | azents, with Texas; but St. Louis now, by its ratiroad sys- that state | | federal goveroment the duty of preserving order abd banishing come, whco, nevertheless, tig federal power Nas pot effectively dove aad count | not ao. Rather, througa isnorance at neadquar: ters im Washington and the tuevituple raisuse of | so great a power by distant apa irresponsiolt he federal force, mtended only to pre: ace, has been used mainly to tucther we 1 unserupuivds politicians, Who, ta the | name of the republican party, sought only to ad | Vance their own corrupt politicat furianes, Tha ‘is the tratn bout those tour Southern Stare | whose condition | dave, py your instructions, pa Uently aud ovnscicntiously examined, UHAKLES NURDAOFR, | serve 1 | enus