The New York Herald Newspaper, May 31, 1875, Page 5

< uN “« THE HARLEM PEST BEDS. Views of Clergymen and Physicians on the Nuisance, THE POLICE SURGEONS CONDEMNED, A Catholic Priest Suffering. from Miasmatic Fever. GREAT INCREASE OF SICKNESS Windows of Churches and Dwellings Closed. FACTS FROM THE PEOPLE. The report made to the Board of Police by the mrgeous doing duty in the department, as pub- Mened in yesterday’s HEALD, explicitly stated | that I thelr opinion the condition of the Harlem flats was in no way dangerous tothe public healtn. Tne police surgeons wo signed the repor: even FO 60 Jar as to stave that not more than five per bent of the material used for Milling in of yne low ground was of a character to create miasma or to cause disease. This remarkable document, being at total variance with the actual state of affairsoa | whe Hariem fais as described by the HERALD re- porter during the last week, it became necessary | to obtain the views of clergymen and physicians residing in the district or in the Immediate neigh. bornood in order that our readers might under- Wtand the exact situation, It will be seen that the HERALD Is fully sustained tn its exposures of | this Most intolerable nuisance. : AN INTOLERABLE NUISANCE. Mr. Shackelford, of the Church of the Redeemer, corner of Eighty-second street and Fourth ave- upon being questioned by the reporter taid:—‘‘l, for one, heartily indorse the action of | the HERALD in caliing attention to this intolera- dle nuisance. I have read the exposures of the t week and I have frequently thought of writ- ing to the HERALD and giving my views. ‘ne pro- tess now used in filling the flats ts simply an out- rage. When the wind ts from the north or north- east the stench is abominuble, and we are ovliged to close all our Windows and doors, Our congre- sation and Suaday school are constantly annoyed by the Joul odors, and ic is to be feared that much vickuess will result during the coming summer. 1 Rope the HERALD will continue the work it has begun.” INJURIOUS TO HEALTH, The Rey. ©. 0. Norton, of 209 East Kignty-second Wreet, responded earnestly to the questions put 0 him. “with the terrivle stench arising from the tlarlem fats, and I have good reason to know that tue effects of the recent filling in there nave been in- jurious to public neaitn, Several families of my congregation have been obliged to select new homes, and one gentleman was even obliged to fell oi8 house at @ great sacritice and move to | North New York. He preferred health to conven- fence, but thar, with otuer like incidents, has tad ts effect upon the neignborhood, 1 think there must be much decaying organic matter in the material used jor tilings. [ am glad tue subject Ws being investigated and ventilated by the HsRALD, and I am quite willing to have you u: My name iu connection with your inquiries,” A GOOD SABBATH WORK. The Rey, A. D. Vail, of No. 115 East Eighty-sixth Atreet, expressed himself even more strongly than did Mr, Norton. “It is a good Sabbath day work for you gentie- men of the HeRaLp,” said Mr. Vail, ‘‘and no apologies are necessary for you! visiting me on bunday. I tuoroughiy believe in the sanitary trusade untertakea by (the HERALD, and | hope rour great paper will push tt to the eud, Since we commencement of the filling in o! the flats sickness bas greatly iucreased in my district, 1 have re- cently visited a great number of invalids, and I must say that the late proceedings on the fats constitute a great outrage—a great outrage. Twice recently Il have passed througa Third ave- gue, bear the dumping grounds, when the dis- gusting odor was overwhelming. I did not go close enough to see Wuat the material consisted ol, but it must have been decaying animal and vegetable matter.” A PHYSICIAN'S OPINION, Dr. D. MeL. Quackenbush, of No. 231 East Eignty-sixth street, said he had not been troubied bimseif with the efluvium, as the prevailing southerly winds biew it trom bis house, bur tuat be had bearg of several cases of sickness and snnoyance resu) tog tuecetrom. ‘AN INT NG INTERVIEW, Father Flatcery, pastor of St. Cecilia’s Catholic eburea, 105th street aod Second avenue, was lying iM Led, sudering irom a severe atiack of Wias.natic fever; vut He was aole to couverse on the suuject aud said :—"Go to tae window and lilt tue bind, sir. Tuere, as fur as your eyes can ach toward the river var, Indeed, as they tan reaca i any direction, you see the poisonous, torruyt und diseased Oats. You cuuid nave jought no better spot from whicu to view the situation, jor uo nouse fn al! Harlem ls 80 ihle-ted with tuese disagrecable odors durtug (he summer mouths as my own. You bee The littie churca taere, trom whica the vice Di eveniuy Vespers is DoW lieard, aud you see that t 100, live tny house, looks riverward across the dumped jliex. Wel, 80 intensely nauseating is the stench lat comes sometimes Irom (oe ground that daring the Summer months We are couipelied jo shut down all che Windows and sacrifice ven- Miation, because we cannot endure the tout nnelis. AS you see, (am now lying paiwiuliv i to bed. My sicku my physician Dw-er tells me, beyond ali d ubt has been brougat about vy the FETIV ATMO-PHERE lo which for two years past lu @ been obliged volive. I am utterly unable to fulfi my church Suties, and pave Veen Hecesstiated to cail ty my tid a brother priest to officrate tor me. This douse, Knows as tue Old ed House, more toa any other ca ches every poisonous fume tiat 1s borne Uyon ihe air, ris stands vy itself, aloot frow all the rest. Perhaps there may have Ly Some eXaggeration In regard w the dump pues BS they at ) resent are; out | don’t bedeve any iguage Wh might now be used could eXauwerate the irivlit{ui condition they ure ture tobe in duriag the imenseiy hot aays of Tone, Jwy and August. kven now, as you yourself can platuly determine, noxious fames ure prev- sient, which, «us (ie weatuer increases in warmth, Will only be lotensided m (he degree of thetr deudiy elects. ‘Ihe garvage of this made aud was for the tw fall and Wioter mouths. $ part dumped were im the We vid not mind it then $0 much, ior the weather Was cod aang rough winds readily carrted every odor away. But uow, even when a Weimer climate is just begiuning to aro us Of approaching summer, We Seem sur- rounded with fica and joulness, enveloped iiter- , ally in & cloud OF ieverisi Bod puisouoUus atm s- bere, Which is ueorbiortable to eudure, Wille ing at the same time Highly dangerous (o ule and Leaith, WHAT MUST BE DONE. “A propositivs vas been mace that the garbage dumped avout these fats snail at once be re- moved; but such # course Would, If pursued, ea Ganger the lives of ali our iuhaditans. fo sur the de) ths of these stagnan’ povis, or to probe We boltoms of these piles of reeking garbum Would sinpy ve in-ane. I believe, una assure You my vei! 14 the general one, that the ony Way to quench (hese discusuing smelis, and ore ic, 14 WW Clare hupareds Of men anu horses, an over these flats euiirely Witt at least five feet of pure earth. Uniess this is | Gone 11 is Lmpossile Lo predict the pain and sul- fering, the disease and aeath, that Will resuit here beore (ne jai “10 a0 ee with that committee of physt- Clans Who tiis morning assert that i the Lin. Wense Masses o, Honvescript matier dumped in these Ca's ony Hive per ceut is at all Gauxerous to heaita. Lbave a far aiterent opimion, Woich | be lieve @ toorough invesiiganiod Would must conciu- sively ptove.”” Sli Gan ger o/ An epider A MOTHER'S VIEWS, The Rev. Conrad Kuan, pastor of the Bethlehem Germao enurch, residing at No. 206 bast l0ovh street, Was vol at Home Woen the reporter caiieu; bur his Wile, Who speaks Boghsa tmyperiechy, expressed her Wiiintuess Lo Loli as best sne coud her e@xperience avout ine garbage nuisauce. When askeit i) the siwell arising from the ilied-in Gist, ict Was offensive on ‘ “Very sMeilug; makes 'he people all sick." i Rerontex—Vo your veigubors complain about | tr “OR, yes, sir: they complain too much.” RRPOR(EA—Lave You liad sickness in your own | family oceasionea 1 am well acquainted,” said ar. Norion, | the filling tn of this district with decayed animal and vegetabie matter? “On, my, yes. 1 bave had ten child:en, but two | are dead. {ttve tne doctor for the others nearly | all the time. Ido not They nave mucn fever, speak Engiign weal, but | think the doctor calls tt | ague. Every one complaius about the nasty smell.” MIASMATIO DISEASES PAEVALUNT. Dr. Jobu Shrader, residing ou vd avenue, near 112th street, Was Next visited. He stated | that whenever the Wind was bivwing from the | @ast the offensive odors were particularly notice abie. In bis practice he had remurked @ preva- lence of malarial fevers and miasmatic diseases generally. Children who Were not strong enough | to throw of tne insidious poison were especially Hable to be attacked, His experience was that in the jocality spoken of ip ermuittent fever, in its | worst forms ana types, prevalied. AN OPPOKTUNE VISIT, The reporter then drove Ww the resiaence 0 Lr. Willism UO’ Meagher, 157 East 117: etreet, be! ween ‘Third aud Fourth avenues. Upon the subject of | toe Harlem peat beds being broached the Loctor’s | Jace evinced a mingled teeling of surprise aud in- | credulity, Dut this Was quickly explained wuen he sain to the reporter, ‘Weil, tuis 1s certainly & singular coincidence. Here I am siting at my Gesk inditing 4 letter to the editor of tie HERALD on that very subject. Ihave suffered trom mala- Tious diseases mysel!, 80 that 1 cau thorousbly ap- preciate the good work the HERALD 1s doing.” REPORTER—Well, Doctor, this is certainly very opportune; finisi your letter and at the end please | State What proportion of cases of disease arising Jrom malaria you meet with in your practice in this Locality. Doctor U’ Meagher was at one time Sanitary In- Spector in the edisirict where he now resides, so that his evidence is certainly oj importance. tls letter was as 10llows:— Hanuma, May 30, 1875, To ue Epiton or rue Hxnarp:— | In addition to the nuisance caused by decomposing garbage, mixed with ushes and street swecpings, there &re other catises to account ior some of tu ty-two, smells of which the flats are productive. Ihe waste of breweries, whet decomposing, evolves an odor similar to “putrid pigs’ wash,” ana’ is deleterious to health, Plenty of this retuse is allowed to rum inco the fats. There are or used to be factories between 106th and 18th streets, the refuse from which was another source ot danger tohealth Again, within the area ot the fats Usere is scarcely one privy properly constructed, the contents of which are allowed to “meander” ‘very ireely, with the help of tide water or rain, so that the groulid in the vicinity is constantiy saturated with the | most pea tient maieria: known 1 medicine, | Here there are sources of pestilence sufficient to cause orst forms of disease, as every well informed | imankiows | First—Decomposing swill and garbage. | Secund—Keruse of breweries and factories. Third—Overtiow ot privies. | The arguuient that those who live and work sur rounded by these deleterious poisons evjoy good health, is Htliacious, lor it is not generally trae. It ts oniy thy hardiest and toughest people that can work or live Ia | sach malarious locales, and ior them, lard work, | Siupe diet, good digestion and constant dving in the | Open vue, ate powertul anudotes. to Noxious emanations, wiih ave injurious or fatal io delicate or luflrm consti tutions. ! It is @ fact well known to medical men who have | studied malarious poisons that these do not abide where | Wey cristnate, bur rise out of the lower sirata of alr and | are waited to tie highest and otherwise healthiest | | ground in the immeuiate vicinity. | In conclusion let me say that street sweepings contain | | every deieterious element known to civilization, and, of | course, to medicine, Lam'askeil to state what proportion of cases of disease | rising from malaria does the physician meet with in oh localities. Now | have ho hesitation in saying that | cases of disease are more or less compiicatea and, of | se, aggravated by emanations from malarious regions. They are especially Mtal wo intants wud delir | cate children: Pregnant women and their unborn off- | | spring are notexempt, so that miscarriages are not un. | common trom this cause alone. | | AN INSIDE VIEW OF THE MATTER. Before the reporte: took ieave o| Dr, O'Meagher | he reverred to bis knowledge of the workings of | the Board of Health gained while Sanitary In- | spector, In the tliowing worus:- ‘The routine | work of the Board of Health ts very superficial. | ‘they merely skim over the nuisances. ‘hey are | | allowing these flats to be filled in without thorough | Gisiu.ection, which no doubt is the chief cause of | | the prevating sic! 88. I state this positively and without hesitancy. | am Dow treating several cases Of alphiherial sore |br at, Sommoniy called @cerated sure ihrout, which undouvtedly have | | their origin in the malaria arising from the flats,” | PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. | | Rev. Father tugene Maguire, of St. Paul's | | Ron Catnohc caurch in East 117th street, | | suid:—“In regard to the offensive oaors arising from decayed animal and vegetable matter the best ting 1 can dois to give you my own experi- ence and not depend upon hearsay, I vave tnva- | riabl) noticed that coming up from, say, Eighty. | sixth street, even if in tae Central Park, if the | wind Was blowing rom tne east or southeast, it 18 almost sufocating, stifling, in fact; yes, use sufling, for that 18 the proper epithet. Upon the recommen:ation of Father Maguire the writer called upon Dr. Joun Dwyer, at No. 224 East ilzta street. Lf there ts a \ingering doubt in the mind of any resideat of Harlem that the fliling-in nuisance is breeding disease in that secuon of tne city jet him read what Dr. Dwyer bas to say ou the sudject, ReporTen—ilave you read the report of ine Board of Pulice Surgeons relative to tue filling im of the Harieim fats? | br. DwyeR—Yes, I have, and they were cer- tainly very jortunate in the day selected for their investigation; aud while Laon’t wisa to cast any reflection or to dispute any of the statements mage ia the seport, lam sure they would have tod a very diferent story had the inspection been maue at night, or it they bad been on tne ground every day lur @ week ob@iore the HERALD sounued the gocsin of alarm, Tne report, of course, 18 equicur de rose, but the “pertume” trom the fais is anytaing but the t Of roses, * REPORTER—Your experience, then, as a phy: cluu \D This DeIghoOrhood Veurs oUt tne statement of the HERALD twat the etfinvia arising from tue fileu-in district 1s breeding disease ? br. DWyeR—Certaioly if coes. Every day my practice calls ine Gewa to tue infected iegion, be- tweeu Ninetieth and lovth srreets, During the past Winter aud spring nave bad several cases of typhoid fever aud aggravared jutermittent fever. At preseut lam attending the nephew of @ prominenc politician of this district ior mala- , rious iever, Who, i Oelieve, Would nave veen Well lony ago ti ue couid have removed to another locality, Lam also attending Father Fiatiery, of St. Ceciila’s church, Who was suddenly stricken down on last Mouday uight while passing torough the iuiecked regiou ‘ou mis return from the Caral- hav’s reception. in his case tue ex.ct time and | iuce Can be noted When he felt the tirstsymptome. u the same ueighborhood I vave aitended a num- ber 01 Cases Ol tialarious lever Ol an aygravaled cauracigr, Lave also hud several rather pecu- liar cases O1 excruciating heaaache Oo: a tempo- raty pature in persons Wavse avocations com- peiled tem to travel over (he pest-ridden aise trick. Last Friday night 1 Was called to attend a jady Who tac returned from a visit to Yorkville, She was periectly well at seven o'clock, bul later in the eveping Was attacked with severe vomit- lng apd cramps, which she herseif attributed to the offensive smell she Was Colnpelied to endure, ‘The house at which the lady mentioued haa been Visiting isin Els hty-eighth street, between Second and Phird aveuues, aud she informed me tat there they bad to ciuse the Windows lo keep ihe siench ou. | am so -atisied Of te malignant effects caused by the exhulations in the jocality In ques- tion (hat Luave joroidden wembers of my fauuiiy traversing it in the evening. KeroxteR—Woat do you know of the nature of the resuse used for filing in the dats? De. DWYeR—L vave been im that nerzbbornood every aay for the past twelve months, and I don’t tuuk 7 ever saw @ Siugle curtioad of pure asnes, waving been at one time a Sanitary iuspector myself, my atteutio. was More pirticuiariy attracted to tt, and [ have often theugit how da.gerous such a tiling 1b Woud be to residents of Hare in tue fi ture. While | was resident physician on Ware Island tue sienca irom the filiimg im ot the lots Was ofentimes $0 offensive that the wmdows of Wie LOspitsi Nad to be Closed, and this Was two or three years ago, Woen the (ling in business wa led on 80 extensively as it is no Aiter a raiu storm | have frequentiy seen streams O| muck and Hith oozing out of tue carts. Ihave aso noticed In the past that rhe quality of tae stuff osed in filling in lots west of Third ave- nue Was much Worse thau that used on the fais near the river iront. They may not smell very of fensively just now, because a thin covering of tres th vas been sirewn over Laem and hides the oaor for the present. ReronteR—loank you, doctor, for the trouble you have taken aud the fund of imformation you have givea me. \ Dr. DWYER—Not at all; but before you go I want to say that no watter what boards of neaita or Police boards may say—aud ior my part 1 pay very Little aiteniion to the reports of any boara made in their own oefeuce—l am convincea that the reiuse tised in filing up these lots 1s dangerous to ihe pablic nealih. DOING A GOOD DRUG BUSINESS, A. ©. Jackson, & druggist, doing business at No. 2,149 llird avenue, tod the reporver that the pre- scriptions be dispensed Were mostly for low types o: Jever due to malarial influences. Diphtieria had prevailed ail the spring, Which be asiributed rial influences. He also dispensed a con- vie amount ef quiome. A large proportion 0; the prescriptions wrougut im Were similar in character and, unaoubtediy, intended jor the re- lief Of diseases of & like bature. The diphtnerial atvctions were miectious and contagious, wuicn would Hot be the case If there Wos nothing In tue atmosphere to engender it. Severai other drag stroves in the vicibity Were vVisiied, and the re- suit corruvorated the experience of Mr. Jackson. A FIREMA) GRIEVANCE. WESTCHESTER, May 30, 1875, To THe Epitor oF THe HERA In justice to the Westchester Fire Engine Com- puny, of which I am Joreman, I desire to correct a misstatement which appeared in the HERALD of Friday last, relative to the conduct o1 this com- | pany at tee ire Which occa:rea at Wilnamsoiiage on lauisday morning. fhe facis ol tue case are simply (hese;—Lhe wiarm Was given about naif past (wo A. M., aud We, With all haste, proceeded to the sceue of the fire. On arriving there we fouud tWo engines belunging t+ the city lim! already Qving Wat they coud to put out the firs. We at once attached our hose to a well ia te Vicinity, bUt before We got to work the Onief of tne city cOMpantes told Us that he did not need our assistance, We answered that the fre was in our district and We certainly wonid go to work, ut which the ctty Chies gave the order jor the engines under Wis command to witharaw, The charge relative to Whiskey demking Is also entirely at | variance With tne facts Truly yours, D. FP. McGRORY, Foreman of Westchester Kogine Vompany, | mason was | Reiormation, (of Henry VL, | the seventeeptn century. THE MASONIC CONTROVERSY. WHAT IS MASONRY AND WHAT ITS OBIGIN? — ANOTHER BEVIEW OF ‘“‘ANCLENT AND MODERN MASONRY.” To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD:— The Masonic brotherhoods of the Middle Ages were organized incorporations, not substantially different in their nature from the other guilds, governed by roles of their own and recruited (rom @ body oO! apprentices wno had undergone a period of probationary servitude. Fable and tmagina- tion bave traced back the origin of Freemasonry to the old Roman Empire, the Pharaohs, the Tem- ple of Solomon, or even the times of the Lower of Babel and of tne Ark of Noan. ‘he Masoutc craft in reality sprung tnto being about tue same time and from the same set of causes as other incor- — porated crafts, but a variety of circumstances combined to give it an importauce and inflaence beyond the rest. Men skilled in the bewing and setting of stones were naturally prized in an emt- nently chureh-butiding age, Their vocation neces- sarily involved travelling from pace to place in search of employment. Wherever a great church or cathedral was built the local masons had to be retniorced by a large accession of crafts- men from other part and the masons from neighboring towns flocked to the spot and took part in the work, living in @ camp of tents reared beside the building on which they were engaged. | A master presided over the whole, and every tenth man was & warden, having survelllance over the rest, A mason, therefore, alter going through his apprenticeship ana propations, could not settle down like another craitsman among his neighbors, but must travel from piace to place to Gnd employment; hence it became desirable or necessary to devise means by which a person once amember of the fraternity might be universally accepted as such without requiring wherever he went to give (resh evidence of his skill, or having | to undergo a renewed examination on his qualii- cations, In order to accomplish tis end and ena- ble a mason travelling to kis work to claim the ho@pituliry of his brother masons on bis way, & system of symbols was devised in which every mitiace and which he Was bound to keep secret, ‘This symbolism, invented for the conventence of intercourse between members of the same crait, 18 the sole shaiow of foundation for the popuar notion that the Masonic brethren were {0 possession ot Secreta of vital tmporrance, the knowlelge | | of which bad been irom veneration to generation confined to their own Order. Lt sas been suoposed that the possession of the Masonic secrets en- abled the Masons Lo design the great cathedrals of the vbirteenth and fourteenth centuries; but it | is now ce:tain tual during the purest ages of Gotnic architecture, both in France and in England, the architects were not menivers of the Masonic iraterulty ut all, but eltaer laymen of sklil and taste uniniuated im the mysteries of Mason crait or oltener bishops and abbots. ihe epithet Free” wa, 1m consequence ot their being exempted by several papal balis from the flaws wluch regulated common | jaborers, and exonerated trom Various vurdens | Lhrown on the Working G.asses at iarge, botu in England and on the Btinent. Like uli otaer gulids, the Masons were bound by their rales to | the periormance of specific rengious duties; but a crait, one of whose | rincipal fouctions Was church building, Was naturally under te especial protec- tion of the clergy a consideravle time belure the ¢ tind the jealousy of the Chucen excited ftom time to lume by tue Uretiren, partly in consequence of tneir assuming otner Junctions vesides those of mere durnders, In bhugland ap act was passed during tue minority at the instigation of Henry of Beauort (Cardinal of Wincnester), prohiweiting the Masons from holding tueir wontea chapters and assemblies, bul this act was bever eniurced, and Henry Vi, on coming of age nimse f, co unte- nuanced the Masons and was a memoer o! the iraternity. Henry VIL became tueir Grand Master in England, Ancient and modern Masonry have no connec on with each other, The vistory of Freemasonry bas deco oOveriaid with fiction and absurdity, | partly from Aa exaggerated Importance attached to It in reference to arenitecture, aud partly Irom @ wisn to connec? Meal@val Masonry with the in- stitution that passes under the same nave io present day. Modern (or s0-cullea speculative) Fi eemasonry is an innocent mystification aucon- nected either with the buildiug craft or architecture. it 1s of Britisn origin and dates irom the seventeenth ceu- tury; according to the pecullar phraseology of the Masonic brethren 1t 18 founded in the prac- luce of moral and social virtue; its distinguishing characteristic is charity !n iis most extended sense, and brotherly love, relief and !rutn are ta- culcated by 1ts precepis. Lis real loungers were Eitws Asumole and some of bis lierary iriends, Who unused tuemseives by devising @ set o1 sym- bo.s borrowed in part irom toe Rosicrucians, These symbols are the sun, the moon, the com- passes, square aad triangle, A bumoer 0. 30 cailea decrees or yrades o! Masonry, with fantas- tic names, Were established and conferred va tue members. ow, Lam @ lover of truth, and I think specu- lative Masonry 18 & good institution; vut [ do think that & dian Who conceais a /raud commits a fraud ; Or, iM OLber Words, 1 GO not think that any misstatement made by the bretoren will veneds the Oraer, for truth has always prevailed vod al- Ways Will. By giving tue above a@ ilece in the o uimus of your valuavle newspaper you wili mucn oblige a twenty-five years’ subscriber, wee MAHABONE’S CRITICISM ON MASONBY—Is IT ALL AN ANACHRONISM ? To Tug EDITOR OF THE HERALD :— In the contribution of Mr. Elwood Thorne re. garding the originand aims of Freemasonry, a long quotation from the address oi General Ker, shaw, delivered at the dedication of the Masonic Tewple in Charleston, forms the burden of his es- say. 1 would call the attention of your readers to the contradictory claims of Masonry, as presented by General Kershaw at Charles‘on, and tnose of Grand Master Studiey at the dedication of the Masonic Temple at Boston. Mr. Studiey said that Masvnry origimated in the “seventeenth centurs,”’ as he called the year 1717, when Desagutiliers, the mathematician, first concocted it, Now, it shows how littie we can trust the learning of Freemason | historians like Studiey, whocail an event at the begianing of the eignteenth century (1717) as in Bat Studiey’s blunder ‘was through mere iguorance, whtie tat of Ker- shaw, which Elwood Thorne nas appropriated, ts an old romance of Preston. Way, sir, Masoury as put forth by such fellows is purely an avachron- ism, Like most @ the other guiids of Englany, it originated in the tenth century, and did not rank eveu as high ag toe Bakers’ Guild or Trades Union. Desaguiliers, a Frenca Huguenot, wale living fn Loudon, made all that speculative and vague pullosophy about geometry of which Masonry is now composed. He divested it ol Lis mere operative features as a trades usloa ani turned it into a semb-retigious organization, by compromising Christian history with Jewish trauition for the sake of trateraity. We see in it all the old ofcers of the Engliso gutids, aua oven of the Englisn Chareh government of the present day—the junior and senior wardens, the moster, &c.—all English names ot eudai origin, In seliect- lng the Temple of Solomon as their masterpiece they did so merely to identify themseives with anuquity and to give a religion st lo their romance, Way, sit, they claim to have come tom Tubal Cain even, as he was the first mecoanic menitoued in the Bible. General Kershaw modestly says that they do not claim to know the real name of God, bat they know the traditions tn regard to it, Very modest, indeed! But, General, @ maxter Mason kuows nothing about this, It is onty the eiece win bave climbed Jacob's lavder up fo that degree of Per- fection, Where such “iigoU 1s thrown apun tne darkness of their understandings. In some of the “lectures,” as given to master Masons, they are told that the lost ‘word’ was known only to Solonfon, to Hiram, the King of ‘Tyre and to Hiram Abifl, or the “widow's son.’? and tiat the “word was the prophecy of te com- Ing of Corist—the true jogos or word. Now, how can a Jew be reconciled to all this ex post Jacto propiecy as to the Redeemer? And bow can a Uhbristian be reconetied to the Jewisn superstition of the ineffable name of God? Tue master of a lodge wears his hat on, as the Jews do in their synagogue, and the bretoren wear regalia on the esnouiders as Jews wear searfs. ihe tptersecting triaagie, which Desaguti- liers, in tis enthusiasm for geometry, has given so prominent a place in the ritual, is a Jewish tragition. stands for Geometry rather than ior God. then look at the sea) Of a Master Mason, in the shape of akeysione, and you will see on it the initials H. T. T. W. 5.5. 1. KR, 3, To0se are the initials of the words “Hiram of Tyre, the Widow's Suu, sent to King Solomon.'? Are those initials in accord. ance with the Hebrew or the English Janguage ? Was Solowon an Engitshman? Verity, Wastiog- tun Irving has well said in “Salmaguual,”’ of the bombastic pretensions of Masonry : In hoc est hoax, cum Tekel et Pretences kt bleadem, boastem, fooiena que Foikses. Freemasonry was very uselul (o the rascals of the French Revolatiou—sugh as Danton Marat and Rodespicrre—all of witbw were Masons. in- deed, such a reign of terror could not have existea without it, It has been uselul to every royal rascal, like the Old Prince of Waies, ever since, in retaining their powers over the popular will, Jets exceedingly usefa im this country in getting ofice und position without mertt, in cov. | ering up .Taud and cheating soclety of ity dnes, It substitutes selfishness for charity; It subwerts the Caristian religion by a symvoltsm cn 18 based on infidelity, and a worship of art and na- ture in the abstract. It 18 @ govd religion for this World, but & bad one Jor the next. i MAHABONE, plied to the cratt of Masons | Indeed, the letter G within toe triangie | NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, MAY ¥1, 1875.-TRIPLE SHEET, ! THE CRIME OF ADULTERY. How It Is Treated in Different For- | | eign Countries. | THE PUNISHMENTS PRESCRIBED. | | French, Italian, Danish, Haytian, Grecian | and Norwegian Law, | THE CODE IN HOLLAND AND SPAIN | Interesting Opinions by Continen- | tal Counsel. ‘The civil suit for damages brought by Theodore Tilton against Hear, Ward Beecher jor the alleged seduction of bis wile has not oniy attracted great attention on the American Continent but a deep interest has beea manifested ip its progress abroad. In view of this tact it is inveresting to kuow how such offences against the moral law are treated in foreign countries, AS nearly every civibzed pation is represented here by men learned in the law of ‘heir native land several HERALD reporters Were instructed to vbiala irom them their views and a description of the method adopted in such cases 4s this of Tilton vs. Beecher. FRENCH LAW. | The fohowing interesiing opinion ts given by | Mr. F. R. Coudert, counsel for the Frencn govern- ment in this country :— Under the French law there seems to be no qouor that the husvand Whose riguts have been died, Ao 18 wileged to have veen the case vy iilt0n in O18 Suit against Mr, Beecver, Kas & cause of action in dauuges. Lhe bveuch cude provides Wit every Wan Is Tespomsibie vor the auwage that De Nas occusioned Lo aby persyn by LIS OWh act, and that oe 13 Ooliged fo Nuke rep- @rauion tuereor Under this provision, whicu 1s to be iound in the Frenca Coue Civil, 1t bas oven het, taat the accouiplice of the adulterous wile hught be sentenced to pay damages (0 the in- Jured husbuad Whenever tue judyés decided that the offence had resuiteu in pecuiiary damage to such lusband. This seems Lo be Well settied, al- | though Carnot anu oue or two otuer aucnorities Melle Co ALOLLEL OpMiOR, Such ab oueace as is Coarged agaist Mi, Beecher, migut give rise Ubuwer Whe French sysiem ty @ erinilnal prusecu- lun ws weil a8 tod civil ecuou. Indeed the two Wight be united inv one, the busvaud Lelog al lowed to ieriere in the prosecution undertaken by tue State—ne veing What ts eculied the clvit parcy, and claim the.ela bis damages. By (nat meus a doudle procedure, with ull ts 1Mcou- Veuleuce, delay and expense, 18 avoded, Aliuough the crimimality oO tie Wile may be- come u Matter vi coguizince ub Luc Labus oO: the crluinal tribunal the complaint must ve made by the uusbauu, and even ue is prowtoited irom mak- lug any such Complaiat ii he 1s gurlty Ov & SuMiar oileusé, coupiea with the aggravating circum- Stunces specified in tue code. I) che wile 1s cun- Vicled sue@ is Lavie Lo Muimum Lnprisonmeut ©} Wires MOUTHS, Wicd May, 1a Lhe discretion of the Juage, be increased 10 Two years. The accom- Plice OF tue CTIMMAL Wie 13 418d Livole to tue same Iprisopment and to a fine mW adaition; out for Lie purpose Of avoiwing unloude. Cadiges and conspuucies (Wich are uoL enthely Unknown eVeu On tu Side OF The Atiantic), (ue code pro- Viges tuat iue oaly proof aduiissibie against the accomplice, When le 18 not detected fagrane Gelicto Must resuit irom letters end other ducu- meuis written vy himseil, The same tiailation of | ploci does not exist uy regards the wie When sue is charged with the offence, It siouid be observed, | however, tiat ue laws of evidence, U tuey de- serve tu be Called laws of e@Videuce, are 80 much me simple ia France that suc a trial as bas been gong vn io Broosiyn ioc the last lew wou ds scarcely possidie, Loog arguments ou tue ad- miss.duily os testumoDyY aud endless cross-examina- tions aré uukuowa, tue Judge bem vested wita aluiest Unlimited wuloority in the admission of | prool, and be being latrusted with the duty of ex- ¢ aminjog the witpesses. Whatever uty be tae de- | jee 8 0; Lals system—aud | velleve that it is not perfect by auy meaus—yel, at least, it saves agreat deal of expense to the partes anu of pudiic tune. it should ke observed that under Che French law the ofleuce above aluded to is merely a mus- Gemeauor, triuuie by a judge wirnout a jury, nd the tneory is that siter the evideuce is ali in— goou bud aud indiferent—oelure makiug his ue- cision he is able to sepuraie the cua irom tue Waeul, lo Getermim? what property bears upon the case, Lo Weikh tual aud that only, and decice us though urelevanl aud improper testimony nad no: deen .duitied into tue Case. It is pusside Chul ine AuvaUluges Of OUF system, 60 lorciviy abu brilliantly Wustrated by tue Tilton: Beecher Suit, Muy, W fully reported aud compres henuea iu frauce, Oring Bovut ad IMpercant cba.ge in their salem ohu inauce the Myeuch legi-iators and cou ts to adopt our rwes uf evi- deuce aua our Manoer of procedure. lear now. ever, (Dut tt would ve aifiicult in tue Whole Freuca territory, even A.sace and Lorraine included, to Lud & Magistrate WhO Would Le avie to display tue DriuuDl Guulities OF Patience aud lorbéurance ex- hivitea y Judge Netson, The Freact soil is fruit. iul in many Virtues, DUt Such patience vas never characterized tue Frenca peopic, nor indeed the Lauu race. | HAYTIAN LAW. | In reply to questions put by @ Hxgaarp reporter His Excellency 8, R. Presto, the Hayuan Minis. ter to this country, stated:—We bave for tue basis of our laws in Hayti the Code Napoleoa, witn modifications. Our laws, therefore, are similar to those of France. 1 never heard of 4 husband like Mr, Tilton suing the aileged educer of his wile for damages. The affair would be treated as a criminal matier with us. We have nO cross-eXamination of Witnesses, The presid- ing Juuge asks tue wituesses what he thinks is necessary and the Court declaes the punisament,” | RUSSIAN LAW. At the Kussiaa Consu.ate, im the absence of Cousul General Bodisco,& HERALD reporter was told by his representative “that cases like that of Titon vs. Beecher would never be made public, On account of public decency, as tuey wobia be considered deleterious to the morals of the people. These matters are sett.ed as quietly as possivle. Duels, tuougn forbidden by the laws, oiten result from them. A maa whose wie is un- faituiul gene.aily discards ver. I have never heara of such law suits as Tiltun’s taking piace in Paris, Vienna or Berlin.” IN HOLLAND. Consul General Ruel ©. Buriage and his notary, Mr, W. J. P. CU. Keaaier, stated :— lo Holland our laws are vased since 1833 upon the Cove Napoleon and our avcieot laws. We have uo jury — syste lavorces (av- solute) are grated for adultery, desertion, and becoming a convict. The aduiteress or aduiterer is not allowed to marry the person with whom they fave committed the offence aiter the divorce 18 granted. ‘the offenders are uavle to imprisonment, as tn France, for toe Space Oo taree wouths up to two years. The out- raged husvand canuot ciaim peciulary damages, A husband committing adultery in His. own house 18 abi Fo a fine varying (rou 200 to 2,000 francs, and a divorce can be obWined by bis wife (sec tion 4, article ,30 of the penal code). These cases are ‘ried 10 the trbaoal, and when appeated can be cartied to the provitcial, aad to tie supreme courts. We have no cross-quesuoning, aud the Judge examines tne witnesses. SHE LAW IN GREECE, Consul General Hotassi made the stacement:— Uncer the laws of Greece the case of a hasvand claiming darmages for his wile’s adultery is un- Anowa. Our jaws are mainly based on the Code Napoleon, We have the jury system siuce the ad- Vent of hing Otho to the Larone tn issu. Tne idea of a repuied cuckold husbana trying to obtain movey for his Wife's shume by legal interierence would be ted by ail well-thiuking Greeks, “Aopiy for money, sir!” said Mr. Bo cass, Warming U) Wun his subj 0, Hever, We lave no cross-ques+ hoplag. Kecentiy a celebrated joreign represent. ative Seduced the Wile of a Consul and thé laver chalieaged toe tormet vo a duel. Tne foreign rep- Tesentative said he Would not condescend to fat @ person O! 1olerior'rank. TO bring avout a duel the Cousal slapped his jace in the siieet. A duel With pisiois tuen took piace, when the seducer following Wasshotin bis ara and the bone broken. Tne ter ended here and the Cons) discarded bis wile, These uffairs generally culminate in a duel, although forbidden by our jaws. itis thought disgrace Lo Orlag such mutiers before the courts and tae public. We object (o having these dis- gusting Getais oO adulvery made paolic, on ine gronud of public morahéy. Wheu a maa seeks di- Vorce He detalis What liws transpired, and im his pe i1on LO tie Court states for re sons detavied fo the petitiou,’ whieh is never made puolic. Ony Ke, jUryNCU And © UHsel ale alowed ta court hese trials. Tue decision of the Court is pub- im lished in the OMectui paper, | The calied IN TURKEY. eting Turfish Cousul, Mr. BE. Sherer, was ou, And referred ine reporter to Mr. Ay Bedrossiaa, am old reswient of Constantinople, Who spoke as follows :— Mrs. Tilton, tf proved gnitty, would be tmpris- onvd; also Mr. Beeener, who, on acconos of M18 prominapee. would likew BubseouAntly bade | of ished for s number of years. The case would be | tried before « Cadi, whi'n is the only court we have, save @ mall affair callea the Mecsemal Court, fhe Cadi’s decision about a divorce would be published in the pavers, and, if an important afatr, in tue Levant Herald. | thik tae morally urkey 18 a8 youd as the Uniied stales, We don't bave valf a8 Many warders as youdo., The Saltau 1s only allowed seven wives iegaliy, out be can huve 2,000 iemae siuves if be chooses, Divorce cases are beard in open court, In kurmer years the puuisnmect for adultery was much | More severe than it is at the present time, SPANISH LAW. Sefior J. Carrillo, L. D., of the University of Ha- vana and member «f @ law firm in this city. gave the joliowing statement with reference to Span- ish, Cuoan and Hispano-American laws on the subject of adultery :— No action for damages extts by the Spanish law against a third person fo; adultery. A warried man guilty of crimnai intercourse with an ua- Murriea Wom .n 18 not culled av woulterer by tne | cauonicst law. by che civil law, 1 the wowan is | warricd, them the man, warried or unmarried, | guilty of tue ceime in quescon is called an adue | terer. By the definitin “civil law” 18 iwea .t | every kind of law wuici is neitarr caponical, com- | Wercial, public nor criminal, The action ivr adat- | tery can be vrouzat ouly by the pusband or the Wile, Tue Ui'igation is eucirely private, as are ali | ntigations aoger tue Spanish law. Tae mode oi | Procedure 18 thus:—Piainu!l aud deendant ap- pews vere a tiuez de paez’? (judge of tne peace, | OF voluntary jurisdiction) 10 ty to eiect a recon- | Clon, Should they consent to uve logetuer | the C.erk of ibe Court gives 4 certificate ol recon- ! citation (ueclo de conciliacton), wlich 18 @ var \o jurther proceedings after it Nas becn simned by the Judge. In cus » that the sist on going On Wit their suit Luey owner cours, held bY au aiculie, aid tuere begin the regular contested suit, Witoll Is always In Wr ing and lasts for years aud years as ayeueral ruie. The witnesses vestily privately before the Alcalde There 18 nO Croos-eXaminailon Known by tue Spanish law. Sometimes tue lawyers are per- mitted to put some questions to lhe Wiiness but that must be done iu writing. The Atcuid alier reading ail the evideuce im the case, gi his sentence. These Alcaldes are, as a geueral Tule, Very 1anorant—titey ure aypownted by tue government. Krom their ignorance comes the Spantsu proverb, hacer una awalcadada (to act like an aicaide) Wien is used very frequently in | Spauish conversation, and signifying biunders or Su idities commitied, From fae judament of the Aicaide appeal can be tasen to the Superior ; Court or Audieucta, Wuere, for the first ime duriug | the whole proceeding, the lawyers are aiowed ty speak; no new evideacg is admitted In that Court; the ony Luing tue lawyers can du 1s to prove that the Aicatde tas not judged or pronvunced seu- tence according lo the evidence or according to the jaw. Phe decision of the Audiencia 18 almost tibal ana very few cases are appeuled from It to the trivunal Supremo de Mauria (Supreme Court Oi Mauris). There 1s no jury system 1h Spain or Cubs. lu Spain it recentiy existed under tae s0- called Repuoic, but it has been already suppres- sea by Doa Alonso THE ANCIENT PUNISHMENT. | by the “Puero Jugzgo’’ adultere # were deliv. | ered to the husband, Wio usualy killed tuem. the “Partivas’’ the woman was sentenced to be PAlicly Whipped, aNd «lier that to be contiued in & wuunery and to lose ail her property, ‘The ac- | | complice Was sentenced to death. The husband hau uot the facuity of pardoalng his Wife tail two | years alter the commission 01 the crime, When Ubis period of tme had elapsed and her busoand had not pardoned ner, then sie Was obiiged to become a nun jor the rest of her le. py tue sFuero Real? both avuiterers were delivered to the husbang, wo Was allowed to Kul bota or them, bus not une alone, leaving Lue other alive. THE MODERN PUNISHMENT. | To-day the Lusound is allowed to kill his wife and ner paramour if found iu jagrante deticto, vut | Mot oue aioue. The wiiv lores all er property. | The action of the husound must be com- | menced pefore we expirauon of tie fith | | Yeur after the wrong is done, otherwise | the claim 18 outiawed. At the present mo- Ment accomplices are not liable to any penalty | atall, Adultery, 1D our law, ls cause and action: | able ior a divurce snensa et thoro, but uot for an | aosuiute divorce, quoad Jiedus et vincuium. Lis | } Jatier class 0, divorce does ho’ exist in Spanish law, because marriage i8 considered by it 4s as @ sacrament, and quod ergo Deus conjuxit homo | non separet Ouses of auultery very seldom ap- | pear be.ore the Spanish cours. Tuey are gener- | ally settled by duels, as in France, NORWEGIAN Law, | In conversation with Mr, Auguste Reymert, a | Norwegian by birth, he gave the following as his | legal optuion of the case:—“This tedioas and com- | picated procedure contrasts grea ly with the | manner in woicd the Scandimavian laws would extricate its truth and Jalsity and mete out jus- | uuce between its litiganis, In toe Scandinavian. | countries there is no jury system. ‘Ihe elements of the civil law of the Romans are strictly aduered to, | | and the common law of Engiand is scarceiy recog- nizable in amy of tavir statutes or cecisions. ine Court in Norway, before which an action of this nature proubaoly would be orougnt, is composed of six ‘assessores’’? or judges, who als» act as jurors, flud and ascertain the amount of Gamage aoue and woo decide the wuole issue, ‘Tuis Court has no original jurisuiction in ordinary cuses. They bear the evidé..ce and ar- . ments Of Couusel, and irom their decision there 18 DO ay Peal saVe to the Kimg olmsell, by Woom they are appointed for ‘he tem of their lives, Tuese judges ae noted wr thew Jearoing aud stern justice. The rules of evidence are simple aud direct, aad LO Kuch scope or lativude Is al- lowed as by the laws of sugiapa or the United Staves, 1 uever Knew O/ an accion like the Ciltun- Beecher Case to bave been bivtght belore the cours Ol Norway, Dor did Lever see or ear of any Norwegian of the character of eiher Beecher or Tiron, ana itis ditcult .o say how the frigid law of ihe Norsemen would operate if apylicd to de- cide this issue. Norwegians are entirely lacking in that Seniwental EXtraVaganve, thO.€ passionate aud lickle lugredien(s, Wuica seem to nave been tue main Cause lor the Brooklyn controversy. If you hac Norwegian judges to decide tuis issue I feel confident tuat they would not lor & moment | entertain those iautastic inserpretations of tue letters in suit, aS attempted bere. 1 thing tney | Would punish ovta the litigants for disturoing tne equiddrium vo: public decency and muraiity, and send them to iceland, North Cape or some over simsiat place, where they could cool tuemseives among the gushiuu geysers and suoW-clad moun. tains. | THE OLD DANISH CODE, A. D. 1683, | “Under tne ola Danisn coge, as compiled by King Christian V.. of Norway and Denmark, the follow: Ing law app les to the puuisoiment of aduicery. 16 Teads as 10110Ws:— “OM. LOSAGTIGMED,” A, D. 1683. 1. If qn unmarried man or woman shail he guilty of adultery he shuil pay to bis teudai) master wenty-iour of siiver and she iwelve ounces of stiver, Take public contesston. if Lavy have no mouey t the penalues they suall be fed what che Court directs, imprisoument, should they marry each over, how: 4 as petalty ouly tour and a halk ounces of he halt ag mucn, aud be exempied from pub- fexsion 1a guardian commit adultery with his ward, Ww whose guardian he is, Kk ho be uomar- i, he shall be forced to marry her ‘it she insisis. It oune she Will not, tuen he nas forieied halt his property to her, besides te penalties to his veu.al) master. It he cannot marry her because he ts married betere then he forfeits all iris proverty, to be eveuly divided with his Vieuitn and ix master. $ ita man and w slispected to iV. ordered oa. ot shat saier the puaishment of t their masier were sione pos fled or suucays, expos ing veow: . It @ person, either personally or through others, avks aman tor his daugater, and then seduces ber be: fore the ea, ie takes place or b: he receives @ shall warry her. tt her an appear to be living and are duiterous intere urse they shail be to the xaze of the church go- the fa.her then Parents or cuary mand it Lt they do not, then he ‘SmBil give her a re amountot n cording gis posiiion Wottat accuses a man of adultery with her, and thus pubisies ber own shame and makes herselt a | —=—, and No iets can be proved against ihe mau, then she must prove icor pay a fhe of hair a pound of Stiver for being a common “Lae. & Ita man shail accuse a widow or maid of adultery, then be shail be made to pay the same amount u le can not grove it. ‘y 4 person commits adultery repeatedly with a hitherto vircuous spinster or a Widow, ibeu He shail not alone pay the venaities as ubove ordeced, but he shail be puns ved by deach. or In any way, with the Dighest pua- | isnment possible, (o lntinidate others. il. she man who commits adubery Inside the Kin palace and wh officer of the Crown saall jose two tinge of the key of places where beer, or any other property is stor are ot then shall the man w considered @ paviic net and | i. If aman or woman be guilty of Incest they shall be burned to death 18 It a Woman alleges that she has been seduced thon she shail con junicate the y nelghvors and io the public town crier, at E tion t What she s\ares is trae it she qu on the subject it 1 rig to in that she is iyin 24 Any man V tudue Weds of violeucs, elopes with another war ite, Widow or daughter shall love his Ike when arrested. uc if « married man commits the same oth * with the wile of another, with her con- sent, then Caey shall both be puc to aeach say one Who ¢ es bluselt to @ woman with view to mar and shall marry anotier slall be ban- ishou irom all the King’s countries and provinces. 26. If any wiarried man ty proven tw live ta eruminal intervourse wito another man's wie, puvliely and sLameiuily, aut does wot take any heed of puplic opin ion or reproach, and continues in his sin, which ois graces the Commouweaita, Uren he shall be bene (ose hisneck in original), while she saali be palin a sack and be drowned MODERN DANISH LAW. | “When a man avd wife desire separation for al- leged adultery in Denmark nowadays It is Deces- sary tut a report 94 tae subject be made by the pastor of their parish, Who goes trom wouse to wouse Making liqnity on tue subject; ana Woen be has obiwined ail tie ia.ormation be can he Makes & repoit to che district juuge. fue pastor's opinion has invariably great Weluht with the jodge. Mr. Beecher Would be treated as Lord Penzance (reats co-respondeat® in the Divorce Gourt iu Londo.; and 1 i) were proved that Mr. Beecuer had committed adultery wita rs. fulton | he woud be beavily tlued tae decree ui di | vorce Was pionovnced. Divorces are at present bot only obtainable iu Denmark for adutery, vat for incompatibility of temper, &e. When ine at | yorce 18 grapied the civil mayistraie makes a Oivisivg 0. p.operty, giving so Mauy Dells, chairs, | taoles, spoons, &c., tO husband and Wile respects | ively.” | _, ITALIAN LAW. | Dr. Lorenzo Uilo, counsel for the Ltalian govern- (meat Wy the United states, gives the following | Iujured husound, | Twenty-third streets, New Yo 5 — 100 :—"There is no special provision in the Itaiian codes granting a Sve ol nahon tere a= @ves 10 Cause 0! adultery ayalust tae guilty party alu the accomplice, ihe only special provisions 0B (Dis poiut co be ound in those coves are \oat aduilery gives a cause vf acon for separation, with the jorietture of all the rights der. ving Comp the marriage contract, aud that a crimival acuiom cab vé Drvu.Nt against the aguiterer aud the ac compice, Shicn Way ERG 1D Bot more than twe yeas’ Laprisonwent of both, with the addition of @ flue imposed. on the accomplice. The avsence, liowever, 0) a speclal provisiva Would not prevent the variy Wrouged from suing unger the geoeral provis.vb of the civil code, Whicu is substanuaily ‘be sume prigciple of tue iaw of torts oa which the action lur duwages 18 vrougnt bere anu in Luge ad, ‘The Itelan law, however, does not recognize Vindicuve or exemplary damages to we Develit of tue pa LY Wrouged, and rea and couse- quencal damayes could only be alowed ia a sum to be Axeu vy the viscresion of the Court and pot ofa jury, a8 tru! vy Jury 18 not generally koown tae e10 civil activa. A particuiar feature oO! tne daw ia Lomly, W. in the main i8 the same ag that of Fraice, bota being derived from tue samo source, the Rowan law, is that it i8 @ bar to tue Tigit of wcuou, tue lact that the person suing ia Ais Bully Of adultery. AS to the mauner ol con- ducting the proceedings the case would be very differeut tere Irom «he iiitou-Bevcner case here. Vhe Case WoUd LOL be heard Deore & jury but be- jove a court composed of regular judges nominated to tue Ben u lor ie by the executive. Tue plalo~ tif wou.d be compelled Lo priag the suit against the uduilerer anu tae accompiice, and bo par ues tu the sult could give tesimouny, and thas tue waoie evidence lv be Offered is bot required as intenued to corroborate or. contradic’ the sworn Scatements of the parties interested, but to substantiate integrally their respective pleas, The judges, on 1eceiVing the evideuce Ollvred, uie MOL so Very particular, and tue law. jers aisv are Mol 50 Very ready to vodject and Accept, us they are aiterwaré uiowed ob tue ar. gament to point out the improper evidence tat suvuid ve disregarded by the Court, aad toe Court Wii Dase Its decision OU Such proois Ouly as have @strict legal vearimg according vo the rules of ey ce, “Khe Court, 1m giving the decision, bounL Co Ktabe the couciusions uf jact and of jaw ld tue Feasoniog Ou Which such Conclusions are based, dud pertaps in @ case like ‘Tilton’s and Beecuer's we Court might give ws a part Of tue reasvnine tue diccum give by an old Komam judge aud commonly quoted, “Lata man and & Woulad, Waving UO business Logetuer, abd WHO are lound in Broom With Closed vours, are not presumed (to uave been saytug tueir prayers.’ ” GERMAN CONFEDBRATION Mr, Salomon, i¢xal adviser 01 Cae German Cons sulace, stated:—“Mr. Beecuer would be tried by ab ecclesiastica: court in Germany, and, \ wound guuty ofuduiiery, would be removed [rom ina postion wba handed over to the Oriminai ours, In the criminal courts they have @ jury; ouer. Wise the jury syssem does aot exist in Germany, The Quurtis opea to tue pudlic. The iaw woien peraits a husvaad to cliim pecuniary damages jor Uis wile’s disuonor 1s unknown in Germaus, ‘this remegy 18 peculiarly an Logiish and Ameri can instituiion. Aduitery 18 punisuable with im. prisonment im the German Smpire, bat wouea ure uot xeuerally panisied, Duels often result Jrom these cases, Which are given as ifttle pub licity as possivie. We have no cross-questioming of witnesses”? IN JAPAN. A Hesavp reporter called upon the Japanese Cousul, at nis Oltice, No. 7 Warren street, wheo. the following opinion was givea:—“Vommoa per- sous gully of aaultery are Imprisoned irom one te tw years, with lard labor, decoruing to ine dis cretion of the Cours If a clergyman like Me, Beecher were founa gurlty ofadullecy be would oe degraded to tue Tauk Of ¥ CowMod persed, und imprisoned irom one to ten years, wit bard labor, ihe:@ is BO Muney Compensation Luar an aileged like filteo, can sue for, Our jures are appointed by (ue executive authorities. Yor people commiting aduitery, Who are under fiiveen und over seveuty years Of age, tuere ure exienuating circumstances.” SUNDAY EXCURSIONS. DIRECTION BY WATER. Excursions here, there and everywhere were the order ol yesterday, the most brilliant day in the calendar of the month of flowers. Tue Arrow- smith, Captain Wiikam Mawxnurst, leic foot of Barciuy street> in the moruing for Keyport, Elizabethport, Union, Rossville and Perth Amodoy, She had quite # Dumber of passengers of bota sexes aboard, who were chiefly destined jor Key- port, around which pleasant village they dis- tributed themseives und enjoyed @ merry time, (he wip down the harbor and bay, with the freshening breeze biowing of the ocean, was very eXoilarating, Tne Thomas P. Way took a good many passengers to Newark by way of the Kill von. sul. Tne ferryboat to Governor's Island took ao unusual lot of people to that greep and pleasant insular retreat, THE SOUND swarmed with boats and excnrsionists. Multi tudes visited Gien Cove and Rosiyu, the nome of Wiliam Cullen Bryant, The de Boake 1elt pier No, 24, East niver, at nine o’c.0ck in the iworutng, laden with passeogers bound for various places un woe veautifal snores of tne Sound, Coil lege Point, Great Necs, ot y island, sans Poms ana Glen Wood. City lsiand Was te tavorite resort. Many brougut baskets with them contaiming edi- bles aod \ouk an alsresco Weal Oa Lae grass Uader the sheiter of ‘he old maple trees on the isiind, Coney Isiand and Rockaway, the two favorite resorts ol the Dourgeois and canailie o1 New Yorn, received the grearest share of patronage. The sieawer Neversluk made two trips to Rockaway duriog the day. The traims took down quite a number to (.@ same popular retreat. The hotels ned their first taste of custom and oright an- Uciputions filled tie breasts of tue laudiords, Coney island had something of its olj-tima lo k. fhe crowds on tue beach were numerous aid the clum eating at Norton’s Hotei went oo With vigor through tae live-long day. The pleas ure-lovina citizens of GO.bam were tiered io every direetiou. TRIPS IN EVERY LAND AND UP THE HUDSON. Fort Lee, Pleasant Valley and Shady Side echoed to the merry laughier of crowds of vappy eople. f The Sleepy Hollow, Captain Lynch, left the foot of Fullon street, Brooklyu, touchiug at Tento and + WIth & Irelgat of excursionisis jur Newourg, Jandiug at Yousers, Jona Isianc, West Poin, vold Spring aad Corn. Wail, West Point iad many visiiors. Tie day on tho Whole was very picasant and Was the orak real “outing” ovcasion of the Season. Harlem ana Hizo brid.e bad LumMerous visiturs and laver beer and pretzeis Were ja active demand. Tiere were excursions also to aritaa beach, Sumuy side, Glenwood abu Willow Haven Grove, HG FISHING BANKS. The Seth Low started Irom Harrison street pier, Nertn Haver, ata quarter tosix A.M. It toucned at the soot of Eiguru street, bast & ver; at pier 27 Kast River; at W sr Eleventh street, Norta stiver; at pier No.6 Nortn River, and, tiaving loaded up, directea Its Course lor the Fisting Banks, where “tne boys” bad & cheeriul tiaic eatictng the dear zens of the briny deep on board tie steamer, AT CENTRAL PARK. Ot course the Coutral Park was the centra) attractiun of the day, Its walks and avenues were thronged. A grand aispiay of carriages waa made iu te alternoon, aud dota sides Oo Fuith ave. uue were alive witn people. The Maland Kambie were dense sith the moving multitude oF aeu, women aud childreo. Tne Casino, the mineral Wa er stand aud the fotel at Mouut st. Vincent wore well patrouized. She Park never looked ta betier advantage, i@ Nappy iaces met at very step sho seu tne beniga influence of this peopie's garden exercises. A MOTHER'S SAD DEATH. Yesterday morning Coroner Thomas R. Watson, of Passaic, J., Was notified of wwe discovery of @ partially decomposed vody of @ female in @ piece of woods on the property of Jonna Va Cleece, im Acquackanonk township, Passaie county. The physician pronounced the body to have been deaa tnree or four weeks. It was that an elderly woman, plainly clad, while under her head lay a red hood that she had evidently folded ‘up as a pillow, Au inquiry among the neighbors elicitea the fact that such @ woman had been seen in tne Neighborhood about a month ago, inquiring tar way to Franklin. Further inquiries Were made, and as noar as cat be ascertained the Woman's name was Mrs. Smith, aged seventy-three, who, unth recently, hed lived at Franklin with her husban Mr. Smith, ft seems, died a short time ago, leaving neralme amd unprotected, Tiis is ascertamed from her jormer neighbors in Frankiin, Who also state that avout four Weeks ayo a son of bers came up for ther, to take ber to Rahway to pace her in charge of me ret alives living at that piace. AS hear as can be asceriained this son took bis aged aud reeby miotoer frst to Newark, en roule to Kahway; but being of cissoimte Aaoiis, Went into a saloon ane wot drunk, He became so imtoxicated (iat fv motuer Could vo hotiiog With Mim, ana finaly de wot into a row and Was arrested aua locked up. it is believed that the oid lady then tried t waik pack to Frangin, and fluaily los’ her way OF Was lakev sick tn tae Woods irom tae unus ja fatigue aud exposure for one of het advan. 6 yeats; that sue toluea up her hood for a pillow and lav down, and theve, 1m the dismal woods, ues serted iu ber old age oy Der inuuman sou, did alone aud aneared jor from fatugue, exiwustion, eX ogure and void, tler vody Was in such a state that identification Was Ouly DOssivle \Fom the clothing she Wore; bul suosequent.y anotees son, living tu the Viewty of Newark, Ana wearing Of the discovery oO. an ued | fema@ie Cody, lauy identified the remalus as those of Dis motuer, ‘otuber Watson yesterday alernoon empaneiled ajury add an inquest was beid, at Waled, hows ever, bothing was cliciied sur oor than wbowe Given, ana 4 Veruicl Was Feudered 1a socoraamce Wita tae lacks,