The New York Herald Newspaper, February 18, 1875, Page 3

CONGRESS. Absorbing Debate in the Senate on Pinchback’s Admission. ~ Powerful Speech by Senator Ferry,’ of Connecticut, in Opposition, THE CONSTITUTION _ VIOLATED. The Republicans Admonished by One of Their Leaders. SELF-GOVERNMENT ENDANGERED. Tariff and Tax Bill Discussed and Amended in the House. Elaborate Arguments Against Op- pression by Protection. SENATE. Wasninaton, Feb. 17, 1875, ‘The Cuaim laid before the Senate # coinmunication of the Secretary of War, enclosing the report of Captain J, B. Campbell, commanding at Sitka, Alaska, in regard tothe flucit tratfic in Iquor io Alatk, in connection with letters of the 34 and ¢th ult., relative to the arrest of John, Carr. Ordered to be printed and lie onthe Table. Mr. Antony, (rep.) of R, L, from the Committee on Printing, reported tavorably on the resolution to print 1,000 extra copies of tne President's Message on Louisi- ana. Agreed to. Mr. Hows, (rep.) ot Wis., called up his motion to re- consider the vote By which the bill to grant a site forthe Peabody school, in St. Augustine, Fia., was passed, Mr. Bovutwett, (rep.) of Mass., said he was opposed to the policy of granting a lot here and a lot there tor school purposes. There should be some general plan in regard toeducational aid. Another reason why he opposed the bill was that it excluded colored children trom the ‘scdool, The vote by which the bill was passed was reconsid- ered—yeas 31, nays 25—Messrs. Boreman, Gilbert, Lewis, Morrill of Vermont, Sargent, Sherman, Sprague and Tipton voting with the democrats against the recon- sideration. TRE PINCHBACK RESOLUTION, The morning hour having expired the Senate resamea tonsideration of the resolution for the admission of Mr. Pinchback as Senator iro.n Lousiana. Mr. Morro, (rep.) of Ind., said he would request the Senate to stay here without adjournment until this ques- tion was disposed of. Mr. Fray, (rep.) of Conn., hoped the appeal maie by the Senator from indiana would not be regarded by the Senate. This resolution was calied upon Monday, when the Senator (Mr. Morton) made a tew remarks, and the balance of the day was occupied by ths Senator trom Valtiorms (Mr. Sargent). The same Senator occupied yesterday, and now an appeal was made to stay here to-night to dispose of the resolution. 1n his (Mr. Ferry’s) infirm condition of health he could not speak atter mid hight, though he would stay here to vote. To ask Sena. tore opposed to this resolution to stay here and make dpeeches to empty seats during the night upon a ques- ton of so much importance was monstrous. He desired tosubmit his views on this subject; but it it was insisted shat a vote must be taken before the close of the session be and other Senators would be deprived of a nearing. Mr. SancEnt, (rep.) of Cal, said be occupied the floor on ‘Tuesday until a message trom the House wa: received announcing a very wei event, the death ot Mr. Hooper, and, ia respect to his memory, the renate ad Jourued. Yesterday be was interrupted oy u similar Circumstance, and it was not his tault that he did not conclude his remarks, Mr. Sargent then concluded his | argument. He referred to the condition of Arkansas and claiined that its yovernment was iliegaily sub- verted. He said the number of muruers committed jhere tor political purposes was very large. Me read ifum a Correspondence im # New York paper giving a deplorable condition of things in Alabama, and sald we are grappling wito @ barbarism that will inake the the suutn a desert. He expressed bis determination to siand by the t'resident in hi etforts to resirain revolutionary disorders and enforce Just and humane laws in toe south. MR. PEMRY'S SPEECH. Mr. Freer said:—sr. President, I do not expect or intend to make any speech of an elaboraw character to the senate; neither have [ prepared any ech, Dor have { the ‘physical strength necessary to hab undertaking, Bu: upon the resviution now Pena betore the senate 1 have exceedinyly strong Zonvicdons, und I have ielt that one entertaining such somvictions ought not to be content with cestung merely ‘& silent Vote, but, aowever briefly and however feeuly £ express inyseu, it is my duty tu the <enate and my duty Ww the country to give some of the reusous why Pannot support the resuiution reported irom the Com- mittee on Frivileges and siections. Let me say in the outset, Mr. President, tbat [ listened with aimost paio- Cul interest on Mouday wien the senator trom Indiaus opened iis remarks, iv the hope ot hearing some- thing which would elucidate the reat inquiry betore this body, and 2 must say that in that nope 1 was uterly disappoinies. The Senator from dndians seemed to me~is may be my fauit—not even to Touch the question which 19 really before us. What is ‘Whe controversy! On the 4th of March, 1873, a vacancy occured in this body, which should have been filled py the election of a penator from the Stute ot Louisiana. ‘Shere was no want of claimants, ‘wo gentiemen Prevented certificates of electlon—Mr. McMiilan and) Mr. Pinchback—both in aue form ana in each case, by ® person designai- i himseir Governor of Louisiana, each vountersigned by a person designating himself as Secre- tary of State oi Louisiana, and both autnenticated by the great seal of the state, shese both complied in ali particulars with the act of Congress providing tor the vertiticutes of lection, im case of the Hon of @ Senator, but the persun designated as Governor und the persou designated as becretary ot state on one of these certificaves were dit- terent trom the persons so designated on the othe . Both tertiticates of clecuon were reterred to the Committee on Privileges and Liections. Both are now before the debate, and every wora that the Senator trom Indiana atiered the other day and every precedent that he cited sud ali the debates o1 past years that lie caused to be read apply with exactly the same torce to the ceriificate of election @: Mr. McMillan as to tne certiticate of Mr. Pinchback. How ts it, tae, that this committee pre- sence itselt berore the <enate with a ueclaration that Mr. Finchback t¢ prima sacie entitiea to the seat, without a pretence ot having gone outside, of the ertifieates of ticction a: mm denying the ht to go behind them? Why not choose Mr. McMalian’s certificute instead ot Mr. Hinchbaca’s: ‘The truth is, sir, the case is peculiar anu anvmaious, Adinitting all the precedents o! senator trom inwiana, we are neverihelusa in this c compelled to go behind the certificates of We canuot help ourseives, forthe question is of the autnori- thes siguiny the certiticates. WHO WaS THE GOVERNOR aud who was the Secretary ot State of Louisiana in is73, when these certiticates be: ‘hese cerut- Cates do Dot vel us, and We cannot decide between ih verificates until we have ascertained which of the per- sous executing them possessed toe authority to execute hem under the constitution aud laws of the Unites states. 50, sir, in reference tu the resolutions pending delure Us, We ure trom the very papers upon our tabie iu reterence (o this election, compeiled to make inquiry Whether, upon the certificates which the comumities nave reporied back, Wiliam Pitt Kellogg was, on the Ato day os January, 18/3, Governor of the State of | Luuisiaua; afd in orier to ascertain whether he was or ‘Ot, We Bre At once plunged into the mire and aegi won the proceedings in that unhappy otal in the =autumy ut is? and Comme Ce- aMent of 187% We cannot evade it We cangot getaway, frou it, a a ingalniog, into these proceedinca je. bave Mo lurther to gu than to the great volume of wv oF Su pages ur testimony beture our own committee now iying upon our tables, and uutolding unto us the whole sickeulng Distory trou ite beginning to ite Cpon ‘Mit teat We have the eiavoraie report of tua: GCoumittes chosen trom among the ablest und must iruswed memoers of this body, and the evidence sustains evely Word of that seport 10 a!1 the strength of ite ian: wiaye, abd the passage of time, and development ot eVents during the last two years have ouiy teaded stil Mure to Verity the correctiess of the conclusion of tuat Feport, Ltheretore um nut called upon to go into the history of those transactions, turther than io find the Jacts Feyarding th as tuey lie upon our tables iu the evidence and i the Feport of that committee. What, then, are the tacts? 1 shail not go over these at any . It hag been well called @ twice-toid tale. Wiliam Pitt Kellogg elected Governor of Lou! dm the autumn ot 1872? No, sir; the eviaen: jume demonstrates that of the votes caat he did ot receive a majority, aod the comusittee expressiy ind the tact, ‘che sevator trom Wisconsin (Mr. Carpe: ter), the Senator trom Allinols (Mr. Logan), the Senator irom Mississippi (Mr. Alcor.:), anu the Beuator trom Ashode Iviand ny . Anthony), end their names to the Muding of the tact that in th How ME, Keilouy Was defeated. dd by which he THE PRETENDED CANVASS by bis Returning board is delineated io the report of fr language (han | should care ny Iawius Returning poard, or % made such rewirny So Chat there iy mot upon the actual tacts existing the color of « utle of au electivu of the person who: Rawe te signed to the certificate of election reported the comritiee Governor of Lowlstana. Ho’ then, came assume to place his name to {ie certitvate? Again the recoru \niolds ihe tacts. ahere was ection in ¢: state, ‘Ihe majority of tbe Voies were aginst him. they may have been procured by intimidation or sorce or trand, now, on this in Quwury as to tas capacity of Mr. Kellogg to aun and vend DAther such @ curtincute as he has done, ovly wre to Aecertain the tact whetuer liv did recelve 4 majurity of the Votes oF nov; and the report, or sour eonunittee ‘and nat he the evidence demonstrates hot No returns of any eivctivus Were betore the Board which set uD & majority of the votes, xs having beon counted vy them, the Leyisiature of Louisiana: but the Board iteelt was without a legal vxisience, Buta body of inen without aucbority, without lexal exivtenoe as 4 Koturning hoard, by iraud, by tMlwehood, by Jorgury, by perjury. made out return, which was sent tu another boiv desiguated as attire: and thar return, founded solely upou the whieh T have Weseribed, ls said by vour com: aud proved by the eviaerico, to be the only culor of title Gpon Whtoh Mi. Kellogg assuines this autnorits But this was not enough to give to hin any subsantt eximiehice as to the bgecntive of Louisiana, and he hiw- sell HeXt Appears Upon the scene. presenting Nimseit be- fore the federat court wiih imisehood in his haud and BERNE dhe Mus lps to @ive chat court jurladictivn iis Dil be alleges, tor the so.e pur oc ylving om dabtivuu Os the Fight ot safteuge uy feaes Ot nu TeasoR Ot be Wg FOTN 1 rage bY FeasoB Of their stuptiate it from th B yerent judge Juri Be control. Ax th BEGINNING OF THY CONSPIRACY federal marshal. one of the political ors Mons of nat state, obtains of the President, by misrep- resentation, authority to uso the mandate of that Court, and Process—i the mandate upon which these troops were @ judicial process and wit could be abused—the hall where the Legislature of Louise jana were accustomed to meet was seized by torce and yy truons tor weeks. The returns sent hither eturning Board were ladorsed by the Kellogx was nominaily instalied protection of to insta’ me the true, was 1 know it bi ne otat been, the | cert old. and but to ad viole over try. | jana. son, (Mr. enr, whi | on the Ta: fort. NEW YORK HERAL ire eters has been made to sub- 10 this—@ bold jetfetion of cause L troops to enfor: abusing the judicial employed coult be calle uarded b: ry the reten in the office and t plete. as demonstrated | in the papers upon vour table, traud, falseaood, torgery, A tureible usurpation cou: this man who cigned this certifica! ere ts NO Man Who cau successtully show that he ever had e#ny other title. been deieated by intimidation and fraud. otelec: 1 may Base hat may be | f so, he had his appropriato remedy. which he ub thathe even had any ower which he as- the report of your did not choose other color of authority ior the aumes to exercise than that whic! committee ascrives to Lim cannot be shown. ‘ese things are true, the thie paper, ‘led not one lacing of his mame certificate of election, ad r that this persou was then and is he de facto (iovernor ot Louisiana. It what] have and What the report of your committe: strates be true, ne 181 no | de jucto Governor @ de facto Governor 18 a color a carried out by force and initiated by fot Jury. That is all there ts of 16 color ofa title on which to bi ment, If, in reierence to the citizens of Louisiana, there may be somathing calied Executive authority which may be termed de sucta, there Is none quatitied to send to the ates certilicates of election of a | There ts m0 power either by the | Constitntion or the laws of the United States that can | execute a certificate which | Jawtul Executive of the State trom which the claimant comes. When a Senator comes here with his certificate of { election the signature ot the Governor is not to aftect simply the citizens of Louisiana, of the law-making power of the United States, 1 | create a part of the government of the United States, } and we cannot here art ot the government ork and Indiana al sense, and hi Louisiana ; tol jeast of title, and this is clients."" not even the up @ desarto govern- | denate of the United 51 | Senator in this body. we can recognize but the It is to create # ognize anything f the United otates to riie New nd Connecticut as wellas Louisiana tthe lawful authority of the State trom which the {| Tn no sense is there an attaching to the certificaie of election which the com- | mitsee have reported back and upon which they claim a because we are com- what is the authority ot the persons sign- ing this paper, aad, asking, we are compelled to find that they have no authority. like this were to be established ; upon the othcial returns of mitted. return o constitute a a bold exce, fieate proceeds. ground ‘o death. brand sacie cus tor Mr. vinchbac: ‘beled tu Consider, it & precedent | 4 ‘defeated party any’ election, nay be pei dy torgery and perjury, to mak i thea by violence to install in sons designated in that pretended return and hencetorth those persons are to o# regarded by the goverame the United states as the lawtul authority to sign ce Caies of election to those who are to participate ta the government of the whole republic. You are setting for juture tine! Tornia (Mr. Sargent) has fur two day | What seems to him—I believe to a aistempered imagina- tion—but what seems to throughout the 5} iotimidauien an ‘overuments and to ket Up new ont they do so what better precedent for a democratic Presi- dent of the United States co follow than that which you are now proposing to 4D) defeated in a popular election—resorts to fi and violence to install 118 officers in power. and we ure to determine here that the very sanciuary of the law for the whow nation is bound to recognize such traudulent What are we to suy four years from now, if the dreams ot the senator from California I bave listened paintuily during this sea- jority in this body quoung mning precedents of the What a precedent ‘The Senator trom Cali- ya deen unfolding im a grand conspira tes recently in repellion. by traud, by by violence. to subvert their state in their s:ead. ATED GOVERNMENT— aad usurping authority. Drove true? sion to members of the trom the long catalogue thirty years ago, and excuse siinilar atrocities I thought never to h 8 of this government. to that rp! that oh wo that it is Dro} t you Gent of establishing this offspring of t and usarpation here in the council nation, and not only to make tne acrocious iniquity suc- usurping government in Loutsl- overninent of the ise higher ani the to be comm! that in the le; id ane violence hambers of the cesstul in ADs Litt to 1 waole count founsale on cert years ago in Louisiana, wont: tration ot how, in republican governments, Can it ve possible, Senators, that seseion deprecating this democratic. co: the State wovernments of the South an their recognition oy tederal authority, that you now and. here are to set to them tne precedenis? if the facts of history are true. if the testimony of witnesses spread rinted pages is such that truth cam be deduced if the report of the ablest and gue acutest of your members, after a careful examination and e| tion of that testimony, are to be relied upon, of the tacts of this case, when you get behind the face of this certin- cate, there can be io doubt. 4 DANGEROUS PRECEDENT. And, Mr. President, I wish, as I cl two to members of the majority of ¢ opinions as I entertaim with regard to the claim of Mr, Pinchback to a seat in this body. I e content with giving a silent vote. cannot recard @ favorable result of ‘upon this resotution which shall seat wr. Pinchback in @ precedent pregnant with consequences to fo substitute the system of Spanisu- vernmerts for never permit violence it in our power; and the party that if . under our system, & partot the ‘The stream cannot ri Senator that you would receiv foisted into power two be pointe! at as an illus. Senawcs, republican I have from it; entertain su You not to ait he this bod: the most teartul Aiverican jo Jaw. 18 place, defeated in an electior must resort to the due process of tle law to obtain his the first time in our histors—to ae from, Wisconsin (ir, , uttered In this chamber Tights; al quote the languaye Carpenter), Dot Dow ip his sei @ year agu—we are to adopt the principle of ‘fightin: *—if, when one party resorts to (rau midation, the other may resort and intimidation, shall be bound to recognize it—who can foresee the Task those who entertain such convictions asf enter- tain to speak to the senate and to the country berore they permit such a precedent us this to be se believe that if the members of this body shail this quesion according to their own deepest convictions No such disastrous precedent will be set: but we shall still remain a Repuuiie in which law and order sball be recognized—at least in the highest legislative body in the TUE PRESIDENT'S ASSUMPTION OF POWER. . spoke in opposition to the resoluuon, and quuted at soine length from the testi- mony taken by the commitiee of the senate in 1873 and ind asked it we had reached avh of American tree institu- tions When # cenaior was to be sworn In upon creden- tals signed by a Governor who obtained tuat ott fraud. While commenting upon the 4 the telegram of Attorney General Williams, Mr. steven- rning toward Mr. West, said:—Iho Senator trom 30 did Nero smile when Rome was burniag. He (Mr. Stevenson) never knew a guilty crim- inal, or one where the truth was brought home to nlm, said he smiled at the Senator's He then stated that on the 16th of November the Governor of Louisiana (Warmoth) had cisregarded an order of the federal Court, and it Was tor this reason that the Attorney Genera! fad sent that despatch to Marshal Pi or the United states Court. yenson) must not say that he (Mr. West) stood here to Gezend. criminals, the uev: in an Longe to perjur of ihe tn Mr. StevENsoN the report made thereon, the day in the do by tion of Durell and Louiaianw smiles. that he did not filnch. Mr. Wast, (rep.) of evenson's) ignorance. ‘Kari to enforce tne decres did not say the Senator stood but he wouid say now, if he Packard, Cavey and Durell he did devend crim- (Loud applause in the galicries and Continuing bis argument, ‘gerend crimina: led | the floor.) he honored detence of stevenson said = break ¢ their “homes there was a fraudulent election in Louisiana, had It come to this that the President of the United 8 the right to interfere in any State where frauds attended He argued at some length as to the consti- tational powers of tho Fresident, and begged Senators fo cling to. that old instrament. letter of Wayne McVeigel, inthe New dork Zribuxc, and suid such words he woula be pleased to hear trom other republic: ‘nud no demre to exclude any man tron this caamber on revious condition of servitude. a hat the constitation and ls je would say tipon his responsiotlity and @ Senator, it these contin stitution were not stopped our liberties could not be id irom @ speech of “it we ust fail, let ue @ falling Republic and be Mr. Hows, (rep.) of Wis, obtained the fico: Sir. MogtoN. Who moved baif-past seven Mr. HaMtLtoy, (rep.) of yeas 2, an election? He quoted from tac , of Pennsyivania, published ccount of color or be asked ued Violations of the con- reserved, in conclusion he Winter Davis, sayin) stand beneath thi buried in its ruins, sid Reems gfe Senate moved to adjourn, Lost— 1@, motion of Mr. Mortox for a recess was agreed to— nd the senate, at halispast sz teven P, ot, vote was announced Mr. Mortox requested every senator to be punctual at hair-past seven, EVENING SESSION. Mr, Howr, on the reassembling of the Senate, resuinea joor aad spoke in deteneo of tie admipistratio: merely repeating the arguments, excuses and evasion’ ave Airvady been gone Over ao often by the ad- t past ten o'clock P. M., id, Moved to amend’ the not” al Fagene til Halt e Betore the: the 4 which ministration Senators. Mr. Howe concluaed at hi Mr. hamitrox, of Mary! Feso.ution Dy insert “be.” 40 that it woul Pinchback tte Mr. Davis, dem.) of W. V lourn. Toat P, Bs, jd that tho Senate ad- aye nt Hamilton of Texas and “1ipton voting with te demo: ciate in tavor of adjournment. ’ of Miss. then took the flo member of the Commitu who did not should say something fi erstes Kellogg e woul! not vote ayaingc the admission of M Ad Hot passed upon chat que . ALCOR: gn the report, it wi te was the goverumeat of Louisiana back: but, ag the thon. be contd not ¥ Long after mianight there was of af adjournment: detore morning. | there is an extraordinary (ax ot HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Wasginetox, Feo, moved to limit general debate on the Tarif bill to tnree anu a quarter hours. Agreed to—32 to 65. Mr, Dawns moved to go into Committee of the Whole Agreed tu-9) 10 65 The House thereupon went into Committee of the Whole (Mr, Wate, (rep.) of Me., im the Chair) on the Tarif bill, and was addrossed by Mr. Bencmann, (re: @ member of the Committee on Wa: said that for some years past the pleasaat duty pre fented to menubers of Congress bad been that of ra But now, tor the firsttime since the War, the Committos on Ways and Means proposed to Ine ‘The question thatat once occurred Was, whether there was any necessity tor raising more to argue that there would Mr. Dawes, irep.) of Ma ducing taxation. | te crease taxation revenue, not be example of io ite He proceesed expenditures; that after providing for the expenditures and for the sinking fund there would be twenty millions of a de- From what sources could that twenty millions be The taxol tes and coffee had beeu sug. had no objection to ave that tix pure reveuuo, was equally if cohected under it went inw He tas no vbjecsivd to the proposed Loe Was ut» sladuW of truth, aud Re | efeased tox on wWhis.ey G01 Wwbhacuo, Oud he estimated collected? aevted, ead he, for on reimposed, bocnus difused and every doll the Treusury. that the increased tax wowla produce about $30,000,000. He did, however, object to the RESTORATION OF THE TRY on certain manufactured goods, and argued that that restoration would disterb ail the interests of the coan- try, while it would only produce $6,000,000, fe trusted that that provision would be struck out, and then he could cheerfully vote for the bill. He stated thas the re- storation of thatten per cent would add a cost of three nsumed in the country and would give trom $29,000,000 to $30,009 000 of Der cent to $1,C01,009,000 worth of good: additional profit to the manutuctuers. Mr, Baxw: Ne argued that the effect of i idea by showing that more re | of $2 « gation. harm, but fe! N nber of Commerce, and if, after fh had made he leading merchants there ha | Tisen and "M aesachi lawyers make their money |b; ading the public and cheating th 3, Gov not allnde tm that to. compiaity of ik but task that it my be my warrant freedom of speech on this occasion which I a soem gee oe ander — a Loti gy n und. I woula suppor at Cam aga! the genceman's banding Dill. iregata it ne anise vocacy of his bill afew d desire to be instracte: two square | blows within tbat time. pass over the first sections of the bill. (Other gentlemen will take care of the whisker, nd siaring fraud. —Iyi tear, I denounce the bilt as A COMPREHRNSIVE BLUNDER, punity: itis a blunder which shou nN supremacy In these halls with contempt. do not mean contempr, but discredit. it is a blunder which the people will resent, ‘and whic! the next Congress would hasten co repeal." It is der waich should make the turitt le; & ress @ byword and the laughing stock ot ali civilized | ations. Why shoud it not: This is the second tart Dillina month. In the uame of decent honesty, may the Congress or the United states rob and artitet ee ets Do you ask me what I should do about the sinking tation of thi commerce of this great people with monthly tariff tund tT wouid let your Postmaster accounts, let Congress resist tne lob; proarlations, and permit n if they like ana pay them accordinsly (Laughter.) Ir these common sense measures tall provide tor the sinking tund, then assume the necessary moral courage and tax tea and coffee. That is what it 1s coming to, as sure as the sun shines. Put on tnat tax now. The people like courage. Tney know waat is | right, and taey always appland and upholi you when you do right. The “entleman (Mr. Dawes) spoke plain- | tiveiy of a tremor which came rushing into the commit- tee room. {t waa the lightuing that was 1a dus oul nd wil shake him and shake us all aga leat is shaken by the wind In the name of civilized commerce, t protest against another tariff bill this session, unieas the tax is Pass the bill, aud the thunder will soun tollo' applied to tea and coffee. MR. COX Mr. Cox, January iast I introduced this resolutic ‘Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury be re- quested toturnish this House with a statement of re- ceipts trom the revenue tor the second quarter of tho %; also to state whether the estimates by him in his report on the 7th of December, 1874, tor the remaining three-quarters of the current fiscal year, have undergone any modification fiscal year of 1874. of receipts turnishe which may require additional taxation.” 40 this the Secretary has former estimates. | Liko sot in one sense satisfactory. He revises his rormer mate irom the customs for the eer, ending June 3u, And places it now at $ 50,000,009, This 1s $2,0.0,00 le: than his estimate when we met in December. this esis call the r ending June v0. 8. .COU,U0), and for the yeur 1874, $103,0U0,vU0. i well bo asked, av competent men are askin be another panic—and a worso one? ~in t that the revenuo iro! by reducing the rates. It is presumable, interest and istration, is amply sufficient for a trugal goverament. RETRENCHMENT THE REMEDY. The capital question to be asked, when such bills ap- pear, is, have we firs. endeavored by ail means to economize? A household which is living on its capital, and beyond its Income, must retrench or go into smalier quarters or seil out. Where is there any evidence here of retorim in this regard? Why must we tax thirty or forty millions more, as absolutely necessary, When mitlions on the navy, buildings, rivers, Indians, army, &e., € be saved without detriment to the pubile ? there any reason why the cost of our government should amount of this made oy gentle: ‘upon the appropriation bilisy When thus proposing, as we on side have, step by step, this session, to cut m ‘down, We ure now tauntingly ' asked, Where Can we economize?” sir, did not the Bavy cost in 1871 $19.500,00? In 1872 over $21,250,000 Tn 1873 $23,500,00) and ia 1374 $21,00,090? Is there ae 0 1860? Was that nota time ot peace? Then the expenses ot the navy were only $11,5u0,U00. [snot the navy, with our diminished and diminisning commerce, ete frites nildings and river and harbor improvements cost $15,009,0W0 Cd not be lessened, at the very least, to proposed tax ? it were the pledg men at the inst Congress. aiter our contest ‘the Yeason why it should not be redaced to the exoen: sive luxury? again, why should our pub! when in 136) less thao $1,200,000 was expended? need not cast our eye upon the army in ite, present ser: fe need not go tur- ther than this Congress or Capitol, or the Treasury Bu- reaus or the customs service, or the Interior Depart. | ment, where one-half o1 the official labor may well be spared. Millions wight well be lopped off trom the fed- eral expenditures, and the blessings of a buruened People would follow. ‘ahe radical mistake is made here, ind not for the this year of de- Vice. Itis a painful observation. that the government is for its ofticials peopl men tell us why we @ Pression, and when we are hardly out of the ashe: disaster, to raise and expend more than in 18/1 and 1 What other object than general expenses shouid there be in this new levy? is it expected that the army should be enlarged ifso, tor what? Isit because the ? Isit because money is needed to corrupt, as well as swords to smite, pros- trate States? Ir that is the surmise, let_us pause. ‘Ir one Presidential election draws ni moleciie of the goo! old bivod remains to stir pulses of patriotism and liberty let u elemental thoughts of our ancessors! L the 11 unnecessary increase ot taxes, nt least until the Execu- tive tulmination over reytving and contented Arkansas | is witnurawn and the army and navy retire from manacied Louisiana! Our duiy ts plain. TRE TROF PRINCIPLE OF TAXATION s rule. a, and if properly exceuted, Would not iotract i WX on tea and coffee, purely revenue, comes near taxing ali alike us auy levied by taritt But, ui id | the great Interests which control the tunds in donds an Danks, as well as in real and fixed estates, are aot reacaed by tnis bill. Our tax bills have not been tramed 7. si. What do the authors ot these bills caro about levying $3,000,000 on sugar and tudacco of the poor, if | ouly the bonds of the rich are enhanced on the Sourse, and the money bags of the ‘Ireasury are made plethoric? What care they that the to save labor, but to oppress it. Wh. Ux 0a Whistey raises the price of corn to the poor mal | Mot only directly, ous thruagh the increased price of Meuts and meaicibes, provided the muillionuaire is not disturbed in is investments? Our whole taxing systeni, from ihe time It became so great and complex—growiag tf xize—has perpetuady up- pressed lavor. it is simply audacious cruelty. the men | outof the war inw gigant Who tought In the war. on both sidee—the men of al colors, if you please—who went into the ranks the burden and heat, the rain olr system of substitutes and pecuniac: ry maker, When { ofere: resolution he: in the interest of the dilettunti, the mic comiortavie portion of our pe ers taeir means somewhat, but the! yort and lite rarely! plunder—1 will never yield one honest thought on cui thesis for any human ‘persuasion of power; and th. thought Is, the rignt to caallenge the villauies ot the or: teccivs sys:em, by which lavor is fleeced aad the svurce t eperity dried up by immoral, unconstitatioual and theoonomic. Bt tee wathiuy ew for ae t2 nowever, was uneconomic taxation | protest agalnat such taxation. Never, there more need of an indigaant proceat thun when the barracks rule in parts ol our iaud, and Ww! By erety, enon of faith aod truth, law ana order sao obtain, cause TC svou! tne ar exactions of thi Let me ilustrat ind of class egisiation. increase duty, While the peopie pay vy el toils we ean’ never conse! sentia! aa Dread. tt isa part ot our ite.” [fs otherwise —woul fo $45) per cupita in, sgar ilo) gars $il.jiuy, of Houle swear $91,020, hea objec’ Gourage thal ix wanting here, ot \s 1x pglttionl econum Ty it badness or | ighorances The coffee Ww use anouns to 000) the ger | eapite on On Coffee Sl 2s, and no ex: tu the guise of protection All of it reach the tax on au fn taden. If aiyars are high less te use: o and reverie Calls on, u which uahkers aiter the controt or and what not, would have more reventie. with ey dens, let me tivite tiem to the Woollea and cotton a $ly,W01.0) Worth Of sugars a tow a It on tea and | Ulmetuires and the steel wires and the casdroad trou, But It seems that the committee do vot tcame cueir bills ou enue or taitness. how isit with tais | adied (ax on spirits? Will it yleid more reve. | nie by the a@ddidonal tax? Tue answer to this question hinted at yesterday in proposing 6 ques: Drinelpies of mM LO the Kentieman from Massuchuseits (Mr. Dawes) e { He hedroathe muthority of the pressne Commissioner of Internat Revenue, that the additional tax of tairty Wiitional ro- cen & wallow on Wnhiskey Would gIve cepts. He held this irrespective or tha qu watministered the revenue trom 184 to (hep: ¢ wheber under President tis repubil Commissioner or under orant’s It irreapective of tue nuestion at dentor t3¢ eMae were most ointment and contemauo t ote dive you the Axuces and tue conclusions. Wilk & LAKOK TAX FRODUOR Must WEVENUE ? t The conciusious are oot merely mine, bus vi suck (rep.) of O., opposed the bill, particularly in the matter of the proposed increased tax on whiskey. Teasing the tax would be to encourage smuggling and illicit distiiatfon and con- , | sequently to reduce the revenue, and he tilustrated that nie had been coilected under a tix of seventy cents agallon shan undera tax ¥ ¥., also opposed the bill, He said :—1Wo or three weeks ajo, when your last tariff exploit was betore the House, the Chairman ot the Com- mittee on Ways anu Me let drop some cemaras | which were 4 gratuitous reflection on the character or | the New York merchants. 1 know th t he meant no on the occasion very much as 1 presume | he would nave felt if bis professional duties vad brought him in contact with two or three hundred, members of arbitrary and as inefficient It 1s a thing to De de- moun and to be strangled without any unnecessary istics OF arguments. 1 listened to the gentla- go With aL eager ; Dut his argument onty crys- tailized my hostility tothe bil [cannot ot course, ane swer a ninety minutes speech in five minutes, but iff have goot luck I will strike his bantling one or sugar aud matches.) I come to the fith section, jour Meaning to reflect on the Committee on Ways and Means [say ate Beraetee in this section | the “lead statue” busi- eas 1 18. a bold, stupendous ‘bid for endiess new inven- | tions to detraud the revenue at @ time when the com- merce of the country is bated und smitten and being Afier much study ot it, and without | 0M one side and It is a blunder which this Congress may not exact with clothe repubii- n= leave the peopie to heip themselves and tell them not to brin, their old chairs up here ‘to be mended. "RECH. m.) of N, Yin, Speaker, on the 8th of red by a revision of his other “reviaions,”” It 1s not the pre-ent bil: is founded. Whea we re cnstoms tor the 1872, was $-16,0Uu,000; tor 1873, . it may 1s there to 0 the esti- mates are revised on the basis ot less imports nect year than the Inet, this query 18 not Irrational. ‘ihero has been No atiempt, let it be understood, to amend toe tari therefore, that iho Secretary 18 alarmed, and chs bill is the resuit, Gentlemen of tne cominiitee have discussed the ques- tion of miernal revenue resources. My opinion (what. ever it m#y ve worth) is that there ‘will be, from all sources and appilcable to the general expenses. alter the sinking tund are taken care of, at least $170,(00,00, This, with economy, under honest admin- ejpake a forced toi | Barke, of in this country showid reach property, and not tabor. Whereis scurcely atax existing to-day that does not ts he Invome tax, with proper exemp- took id snow and the hard: ships of the war, are made to pay twice, because through iminuahy weaih | eecaped these risks ant. hardships. 4 well remember, Mr. ay tp by he roots the substitute system that It was vor own ne rich and the they woud give tr precious health, com- therefore. £ would be | charitable to the tarif-mongers, and recognize their uidicuity—tne difficulty of those who are overiaden with ce, when 1 object to further taxation ve- fot trust the administrauon with the magisterial sword, { would, at the same tinic, as in time, object to the harassing and unnecessary detail. Taxe sugar. [tis parlia- mentary word, made iinmortal by @ speech of the elder | Pitt Chis vill proposes an additonal tax of one cent per pound, or twenty-five per cen, The quantity of roreign sigars used in the Cited states 1 1.666.)00,00 pounds; the home sugar, 40v,v,v0), maging in aillsay | 2,000,000,0W pounds, The protectio ts four cents per pound. ‘How much does the government act and how much do tne peaple pay of this tax? The suswer in- yolves the doctrine of protection. This 1 shail consider fuixy vetore Lam through. the Treasury gets $40.00) 0; 40 that Wy on thts Sugar ls as war were | acant @ pollud avers cnily, by inetinct—materual or dave Ris ny fetid. coisa cax ia equal We use of foreign #0 that NoW Consumied at $2.5) & offee;, aud Woy are these of A pilrely reventie tari omitted? (a it moral WY, tee to Sal, CUD; ig only 0” cents, tions for home producers This taX on tea and cotfee, | the treasury, Nay, more—mit you tune merease so aro mis | Fawslies econo. | paternal government, Hrowds, telegraph | clententa only are necessary les | Rampsbire, Vo ministration, He mala whether the Urosi- bie fur the ap Upeatwolae ket ie economists as ex-Commissioner Orion and Davia 4. Wells, In 184 spirits were taxed 2) cents a gallon: the receipts were $22.43),000. In 1465 the tax was raised to cents for six months of the time. and to $1 50 for the @r siX Months; the receipts fell 000,009, Ln 18865 the tax was raised to $28 zullon; the receipts ran up for some inexplicable reason to $29.010,000. In 1867 the: Were $25,000.00", In 133 they dropped to $13,419,000, Then under the pressure of mteliigent econ: Cart was reduced to &) cents, aud tne receipts inore Ui doudled, amountne + $5.225.0), In 1870 the same tax—J0 cents—gave $55,002,000 receipts. — In aS7L the tax Was PAiwed to Zu cents, and the revenue fell off at once to $30,000,000, Th IS7Zit wae $22,000,000, “These ure sufficient to ilustrave the prinet- plethat too much pressure may make larger leakages, Is will be perceived that w 1 6) the lowest sum was sted, and When [t Was at fitty cents the largest average tu the wo years was collected. Is this noteonsonant with correct reasoniny? It may be said that the highe. on whiskey ought to he col- lected, even te the destruction of ‘the distillery, But when We legislate ic is for revenne, and tbat whieh de- presses the revenue cannot be considered the nighest obligation upon the lator Now, the tele- graph wires for their power do not de- | pend on r length, bul on the ste the conduetor. Put copper’ on the tron, and you ti more conductivity, ‘This ts correct, appareutly, and its opposite is also @ paradox. But there is another cond:- . (nat the two metals combined corrode, and copper lone has not the strength of steel between the posts, anc will notanswer, the failure is not more aosolute the failure to collect more revenue by simply in- c! ing tue tax. for as you increase you lose. Am I asked the question, “Suppose you redtice the tax from seventy, where it now is, to fifty, or trom fifty to twenty. oreven from twenty to ten, would you get more rev. answer that it depends upon the cir frailty of human nature, per- tainly Slip centa according to before given, will produce the largest revenue opoo this particular article. If it were reauced to twenty, Lcaunut say that it would prodace more. If it were reduced to ten, then Iam compeilea to answer— if 1 may be excus.< the use of such an illustration—that a fine tooth como has a specie object. If the tecth are too coarse the object will tail: it the ‘teeth are too fine you have gotto reduce the size of the object, or it will Tail also. Just as no teeth ata!i in a comb is an absolute | failure, If the tax is too small the officers have not the sime responsibility. ‘they become careless and have no resuits. You have to adapt the teeth of the comb to the object of the fine tooth comb’s creation. This tax on whiaxey, while | it will not afford any more revenue by the increase, will break down all distillation before the close of the year. | Lprophesy that whissey wiil be sovd at less than the tax before the year is over if the increased tax be levied. When the pr who produce and deaiin the ai nd Who Will reason on the uncer- twinty of Congress, Will cease production, and the rev enue will tall off, As between ® taX on suizar and spirits a and coftee on the other, give me the latter; the more so Vecause the doctrine Squares with the indestructible doctrine of PREE TRADE. ‘There is one portion ot this law to which I parti larly except. It is that which refers to the re-enact: ment of the ten per centum on the dutic: terred to in the fitth section, ihis is a genera! aggravation of the present mw mince a A Cougress, in season and ‘out of ndown tne glove to all champions Puolic opinion marches in one di- rection, ies won the past vear inmv own State ‘and in the Western ‘States ars greatly owing to the extraordinary taxation imposed by tals indirect protective “system and to” the hearty denunciation of the system by the democracy. In detail £ oppose any further addition by this general aud sweeping flttn section. { propose ol this occasion to give My reasons for it. Others may neglect this theine to me it Is che inspiration ant impulse of moss o: m: Congressional labors. ‘Lhe principle of the tari Is sine ple; it only becomes compucated when we reach de- tail. It has been the object of its advocates to contuss by details and by mixing specitic with ad valorem ave thes, and. as in this bill, internal with external taxation. First would begin with the right of property, then show how it ls violated by society or by government. Ail history teaches that while covernineat may prevent the infhc.on of slavery, personal ov taxable, ua between indivicuals, it is by no means innocent of doing th same thing’as against individuals and classes, of tribute by stronger powers, through sa' Darons and jirates, whether on the Kbine or on the moral point oi view is this, the enacting of un- Just laws by) which property | is\ subjected | to ‘oppressive coi ation or spoliation; in tact, the Wor: “tariff” mes from A littic por in the Mediterranean which levied tribute upon all who nassed by. Not to speak of the atrocity of government turning its altar of rere iuto aa arsenal of opprsasion: not to of the example which governinent sets ot pecaia- ind brigandage, which individuals ace not Lota to follow, it will anceded as a general principle that pudsie'oppression leads to revolu It stopx produc ion. Coder its malign intuence isoor and capital emigrate, society 13 more or less disorganized, and the eternal taw that wrong breeds wrong orevalis untit the sword and bloodshed do their work. Way should we be atrald to say “tree trade?” Once in & member in Congress arose and said, ‘*No one here dare avow himselt’ airee trader!” Larose and accepted the odium, but I choose to define my own thought. When I exchange equivalents—when { buy abroad and give on equiva. Jeni—that js both dignified and nonesc, and then I \rade freely. When protection begs bounty 1c ia (as Bonamy Price said) a subscription tor New cugland and Penn syivania from the people. When we compel our people tw produce that which costs us more to produce than it Costs other people (transpurtation cost. which 1 8 sort of protection, not now counted), then we cripple our Rroductions and pay more for goods than we should. is that but a compulsory iraud in the shape cf a Tuysterious tax? Second—May [ refer to the constitution to ascertain the powers of taxation? Unless they are writien in that in- strument they should not be exercised. hey are, th among the tngranted and reserved powers; in ta they are not tedera! powers. That instrument sa; “that the Congress shall have power to t taxes, duties, imposts and excises tu pay debts and Provide for thy common defence and general weltare of the United States” The purposes of taxation are herein strictly detinea. say. duty on imports not for the Durpose oi revenue for the federal ‘ireasury, but to pro- tect classes in particular industries, 18 clearly uncon- stitutional, it does protection mexn, if it has any meaning? it not the power 10 to compel tne mass of the ople to pay bounties upon peeutiar articles to peculiar classes? is not tms done through & tex or duty om imported articles of the same description which come into competition with the domestic? It is the more {msidtous, enormous and troublesome because in- trencned behind the law. she farmers and iaboring men, as the census shows, torm the great preponderat- ing ingjority of the people. It they ure robued. op- pressed and impoverished under the name of protection, then protection is a scoundrelly ali id a pious traud. | Ataxcan onis be tolernted—can only be borne cheer: fully-—when imposed tor the actual needs of the govern: ment. it toe piotectionist answers that he does not dc sire taxation to put money in lus pocket, what, | ask, then. is the need of protection, since it does not protect: What is the use of this clamor for snyar, above tea and coftee. if some one is not to be benerited by this Dill outside of the sreasury ? Why this uiserimination in favor of tue home producer ¢ [f protection does put money in his pocket, which is taken from the pockets of the uuprotected, then my argument has no need ot mr- ther elucidation, One halt of onr people are wnpro- tected ayriculturists; they produce, we will say, one- halt ot our weal h: ali their pursuits, except a small percentage, are in other than protected pursults. uhese unprotected classes as much right—moral, natural, and constitutional—io live and labor withoui gov inent exactions and class rapacity, as the’ to speak or print or locomote.’ ‘They right to extend their market for ail they produce the world, and to hay whatever is produced abroad at the cheapest rate, wate they selt what they produce at the highest rate. There isiio more moral or legal re- striction between exchanging with Europe tan there is 1m exchanging hotween Vennsvivania and Ohio. ‘The taritt of 148, tramea by ttobert J. Walker and edmand Ww Hampshire, Was an honest, friendly and economical response to the ‘repeal or the corn laws by Great Britain that year, | Great Britain got the cheap joar by overturning the monopoly of many huandre Years which her landed gentry and farmers iad, while | we obtained a larger market, in which we sold hundreds of millions of bushels of our grain. ‘Time will not allow we now to show that the grain product, rated english prices, is diminished every year by hunareds of millions becuuse it Makes tts bounties when it buy machines at home aud cannot tuy them {1 | open market ot the world. What is ir, sine that | has destroved tais element of reciprocity: tbat ‘nieh’ e have not the mutual advantage ind Chevaiierr Did that treaty injure either country? [t urc neither. Ihe only question which was and is, Which was belped in the xreatest measure? am I asked, “Does not this enlarged trade at once strike’ down certain branches of indastry watch showa be, stimulated and developed by restricted tarife:” [ answer by asking another questioa:— “Wherein are they to be thua stricken down!” Again, I am answered, “By cheap foreign abr, which enaules a foreign producer to underseti tne dative producer.” ‘There 1s only one Way to meet this ina plain taik, and thatis by the reductio ad abeurdam. Go with me to Bo- cnestel ¥. You wil tind Water-power in abunaance, grinding whea: and maxing tie dest four. That water, or & portion of It, by its snecite gravity, tarns a mill wheel. No one will deny put it ts cheap labor; {tis simply nature in harness working for the wel: fare of men. Lt costs little to harness it, and @ large loa? atless price Is aconsequonce. But why should hat water whieh comes from the Canadian side—unpatriotic water; angloritied hydrostatics; unscarred and wnspangied pecine gravitv—be Used to cheapen bread? 1s it not for- ig: worse than foreign—-British? And worse than Beitish—provinclally Britney? | Worse than provincial Brit so—Prench—British—indian? And every consumer oft the four. it he he ® parrot, ee iaming that He shoud tear vit the water Wheels and Insert in taeir stead steam enyines made in Vittwsbarg. to te driveo by calorie from Lenigh coal; for this machit and caloric are produced on our own soil und deman protection. ‘They are such orecious “intants,” ECONOMISS OF PLER TRAD?. Thied—This brings me at once to the scouomical point. Without guing into the details of our tariff: without showing the . ference between the tariffs ol other coun. tries, which are levied upon & iew articles, while ours covers so many; withous calculating the cost of its col. lection and the trauds at th fom House; without further comparison between other countries and our own; without showing how, by reducing our t can get more revenue, or how, by reduciug th of articles, We can aygrandize our grea ness perity; without shuwing the necessity of having the raw material tree, as with steel and woul, which even manuiacturers are clamoring for; without enlarging upon the seltishness of isolation which has de stroyed our commercial prosperity. let me come at once 10 the question, “Wherein does the protective tard injuce individuals or classes?” When protection pros. isasced for, sumothing 18 asked for. For whom is that | something?) 18 it tor individuals or tor classes or tor states? Does it not come frum one to go to another ? Aud it it does not go into the Treasury. Ist. for revenue? Aad it not for sevende is tt noc ronbery ?” [eit not ron- bery to take (rom the rarmer, who ngs bis plough; the Kamith, who Duys his anvil; the carpenter, who his chisel; the sewing girl, who nurs her machine, ne shipbuilder, who bul: hut to the (veasury, bat io the tronmonger ? Who cant doupt it? it is a more deruite “and pert: queation to aak, when a certain customs duty how much ot that duty goes to the treasury an tuuch gues to tua d class or individual? There has been great divergence ot opinion on this point. some have reckoned that where te collect BA0U,UA,0U) of rev. enue dy the customs thar ore goes into th ockets of hose in this couatry engaged In magutaciu imilar imported articic, some bare placed it $1,090,000), Others have doubled If, 1 incline ger tum. But ir that an Inthe paid ds amount of thie stra, but they Ascertain Wal our depreciated money im connection Witt tue tari? nas cost tie people ofthis country, wo *, the timount of our im: portavions for a given cure and the premium oa the gout with which we patt tiem and, second, the duties va those imported goods rd tue cost of the ‘gold watch we DAd to buy fo pAY those customs duties, Lt has veen ascertained that in the lastemne yeurs this amount. by reason of our depreciated cittrenicy, has cost us the enormous Gsure of $1,145,000, The average price of in only approximate # thougnte may een « when I lilustrace, To gold during those years Wns titeen por cent, amd the ra: | turns of our commerce furnish the duty by whien to verity the calculailon, What makes the tart@s tor protec: tion So odions ts taat thoy not ouly diseriminate against c@rtain states and interests, but they discriminace umainst the yroat body of the people iu various Protected States to speac yenerally, ure Moroe, New Connecticut, Pe der may be considered agricuitural and vomunercial or unpr Wats Ra eee Ween heen ot the wealth and lon of ie Colon have tuterests a ate)... Ibe proveciod found hy teres Guce to the last covaus, nad & comparison can be casi! | Made berween them and tae anprotected, both aa ty the trols aud fraudulent protective system. | | was pe and El diterranean, way no leas an infliction of wrong than unjust tariif legislation. The gist of tae question Ina ana collect | he | France and england received trom the treaty of Cobden 3 his fron ship, to wive it, | | Dy the peopl ont. ‘Massachusetts, Rhode island, ivania and Lousiana. ‘The remain: ustries can De found hy Fevers | D, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1875.-TRIPLE SHEET. | persons employed and the amount invested. The lajus ne © and Wrong which these igures imply are apparent to the weakest inteilect. Their consequences appear in the reduction of — the purchasing t their wages well, ax in selves. No wonder the Northwest a portion of the East upon their banner. No wonder the tailing party etuteh at such crude and partial bills ax this about tobacco, sugar and spirits, to save them trom the deep daimnation of their recent defeats, But it will not aval. The bub: hie is pricked, All schemes and devices to revive indus y,. to repuild shipping, to euhance the price of rain, heapen transpo it. fo increase our cotton ang other crops to belo all men, biaek and white, to the cou forts and necessaries of lite :'t ter, food abd clothing to the tmplementes of industry, whether inoue of iron wood, whether patented oF unpavent veutions, alt are involved in $ | prablem—"l re | or unrestricted interchange.” The statesman v thinks tp vain Who makes the horoscope of oar iutnre and tails tocorrect or eradte the immensity ot © R ion weighs like a nighimare upon the mdustry We Halon AME Upon the waues and weltare of the laboring man. ‘This fresh attempt to add $4.0,0)0 more fo our faxes and imeronse the tari? ten per cent is con- denned already. ‘The poittician who makes it works nst the laws of God, the laws of nature, the o ‘Written laws of this country, the progress oi science attractive forces which have made onr conntry enter: prising and great. In time we wall throw off ull burdens greek liberal, intelligent, moral and consiitutional pol- cles. Mr. Haerts, dem.) of Va., opposed the bill in the inter- ests of the tobacco producers and manutacturers. Mr. Baiour, dem.) of texas, Posed it in the same interests and i the interests of the manutacturers of dis- tilled spirits. . OBNOXIOUS PROTECTIVE RLRMENTS. Mr. Nrstace, (dem.) of Lud., a member of the Commit- A Means, also opposed the bili, because be ‘was not convinced that there Was any absoliite necessity for increased taxation at this tine. He bad contended for years, and stil contended, that there ougbt to be a revision of the ian? laws of the count But that question was mot involved in this ball. Tuis di:!, Instead of being a revenue measure, Was essen tuatly @ measure of protection, Although be would not Now vote to reatore the lax on tea and cones, this was infinitely @ more odious tax and a less economical one. He thought it more obnoxious in every respect. He de- clared that be would rather resort toa temporary loan to bridge over the present exigency than to pass this ball Brox, dem.) of Ky.. (another member of the Com- mittee on Ways and Means. also opposed the bill, There Were two qaestions to be considered in the matter:— First, whether any additional revenue was required, and,’ second, whether the Committee on Ways aud Means’ had selected — the from which to ratse that reveoue dotug the leas injury to the industries of the c articles While ning F Or course if the first auestion was decited in the neva was not necessary to con the second. He ed Lo consider the first quest 4 to contend; hat the additional revenue was required. Talking ot n of the Sinking runs he argued that the re- | of the public debt to a much larger amount than was required ior the Sinking Fund was a virtual cou. pi No bondholders, had compiainert 04 it, MOF Would they have been justited in complaining ot it, They hed “bought their bonds with green’ backs, and the principal of the bonds hal been Payable in greenbacks nti! by the Liw ot 1862, the w and most Inramous law ever passed, the principal ave payaole in gold, thus putting ito tne pockes o! the bondiiolders untolit millions at the cost ot the taxpayers, shese were the men who had got the gold, an uy wrong bad been done they were the bene- ficiarles. “He went on to argue against the policy of the increased tax on whiskey aud tobace! the whole bill aya failure. ‘ THR BiGl UNsUST. Mr. Warp, (rep.) of Lil, protesied against some of the provisions ‘ot the bil’ Ae had not studied the subject’ sufficiently to determine | whetuer any additional revenue was required, but he taought thav the chairman of the Coinmittec on Ways aut Means no right to complain i! the House wok ham at his word of year, when he told the house that the revenue was sufficient. ie was satisfied, however, that the bul was unjust trom beginning to | end, and was si ‘h @ compromise as to be unworthy ot Consideration. He called attention to the tact revenue was to be levied stries, industries chiefly in the West aud south, while the capital, which Was invested in things that required no attention that this increase on productive un or Do ine: mi hota out to illicit distiiiass revenue. He commenzed down one source of revenue red. He argued that t entirely 4 wed Lax on Whiskey W House would reject it. Mr. Wurrrarap, dem.) of Va.. also opposed the bill in Id be an injury to legiti- distillers by the encouragement which it would and would not acd w the ‘the fact thatthe bil struck at derived trom the stamp tax on matches—uud gid that be would not ven- tire on characterizing tha: feature of the bill. ‘fhe biil oa the whole was untair aud unjust, and he hoped tho and denounced | { as a high and imperative duty on the ad the House. He was in favor of geting as much rbver Bue from distiNers of spirits as could be got but there i the first seetion of the vill to which matter of political econ- One Ww: omy and principle. That was {He TAXING OF STOCK ON WAND. ‘The government had ne Meeting sucht atax. ithad been aiwayy rexarded as against public policy and asa violation of public tath, and as tinpracti- able and iinpolitic. Me did not teel' that an attempt » t1X scoek on band would be a Tu the nex place the amount of tax that could whiskey was wholly a question of the tax sney Was reduced from $2 gallon to filty ceuts the reveane was increased some 85,0000); so thas he wai that there wax a point’ beyond whic fi id he diminished imstead of increased. It was like the dow pe of swiuranon of au. Wher & certuin amo moisture Was iorced into a given quantity ef aiz, No more could be forced amount of pressure oy —What is thet point in whiske: rio—{do vot believe that you can collect $1 axailon on whiskey, but | believe thitt You can coliec! eighty five cents, THY TAX ON ¢ uh section by increase ing the duty on champazne trom $6 per dozen of quart to $9, and from $3 per dozen of pints to $450. He that that would produce an increase of $676,000 o: reve enue. she amendment Mr. Waup, of Ulinois, suid that th onty form of taxation that woul Mr. Dawrs—if th Income tax was the reach Massachusetts. gentleman will propose an income tax I will T always opposed its repeal. Mr. Burcnarp opposed Mr. Gardela's wien ament and argued in favor of a permanent, settled tux of $1a gale He Mr, Ganrixty modified his amendment by making the tax $12 gallo Mr. Heerro! spok oppose! the entire ONO. by ins bill, and Mr. 1 barrety baton a point of r made by the Charme Mas raled that it 1 of order to the first’seetion. Mr. Ketury, (rep.) of Pe to Amend bY prox viding for a remission of thy 1 Spirits of Wine spe* cially prepared for use in the arts. Rejected. Mr. GUNCKEL, \Pep.) Obio, of Moved to amend Mr, Gare fold's substitute by providing to tax the stock on hand, tier debate Was agreed to, and then as the subs stitute became sgbstantiaity the same as the section of orted By the coumittee, the substitute wae . leaving the first seetion tne it was ay ine as reported, ia revard to champagne Mr. O’Brirx, em.) of M rsented the imputations made ozainsi the democrat rl at asserted that It- there was a deficiency mM te revenue it was because maL-administrati orraption in oftice, (den).) of F moved to reduce the tax om ot stock om , Would or bu and would resuit in a of inerease of revenue, Mr. GUNC to M only eftect of it would be t the hands oi w t for the, ga and the House had The committee. th 3 minutes to five o'clock, took a recess till half past seven, the evening session being tor business trom the Judiciary Committee, excluding political measures, EVENING SESSION. said that tha 0 or $12,000,001 Bills were reported srom the Judiclary Commitiee as follows :-— Vesting i rd in Utah the power and authority vested in th e Courts of Utah by the act of the territorial Le of the 1th of February, 1869, lor the incorporation of railrond “companies. Ise-makine, forging or alteration of any check, draft or other paper or writing in relation 10 petstons a felony. Passed. ‘To establish certiin telegraphic lines in the several d t rpads. und to regulate the relal afd other i The bill having been Wasmade by Mr. WitLarp, (rep. by Mr. Raxpac dem.) of Pa, and Mr. Garret, (rep) or Ohio, that it shoud its first consideration ig Committee of the Whole. The Speaker overruled the point of order, and Mr Burien, (rep.) of Mass. proceeded to explain and advo cate the bill, He reterred to the fact that since the rer porting ot this bil messages were sent between New York and Washington at halt the previousiy existin rates, and, he asked, if reporting « bill did so Much ge in fourceen days, woat would be the etfect of the passage igence by eud, a point of order )ot Vt, and supported | of a vill that would bring those telegraph companies ta the interest of the tobacco producers and manutac- | vurera, Mr. Kassos, (rep.) of Iowa (a member of the Commit: re ans). remarked that if any member tee on Ways and al ever had the delusion that the duties ot that committee Were pieasant he thought that by this ume that delusion must be dispelled. Contrasting the Isnghsh witn the American parliamenury syxem, he said that in Eng: land noth parties stood by the honor ot the county, and he wished to God that here were was some aues- lion of personal liberty on one hand, or of financial credit and the honor of the government on the other, on which members ot the House could be united without po- | Mticatdivis.on. When the President ot the United stares, in conformity with his constitutional duty, called the attention of the House to the-deticiency in the ireasury, and when the secretary ot the ireasury, in accordance with his duty, called the atiention of Congress to ine fact that tue revenues were not meeting expenditures, and that not a dollar was left to go to the sinking rund. he (Mr. Kesson) nad hoped that the voice oi party woud be st ent in the House ana that the voiec of honor a patriotism would be heard. If the facts are as rep- ented by the government. no man has the moral rigit to retuse to maintain the honor of the couatry and. to broviae tor meeting all E MIABIBATIES OF THR GOVERNMENT. Is it the administration that makes the expenditures ? No, ‘rhe administration does not pay ont a doilar with- ut the cousent of Congress. 11 the rebuke is addressed anywhere it is addressed to Congress, und not to the Executive, Where will you reduce your expenditures ? Wall you still turther express your hostility to yourgallant little army ? You have struck it so waiy blows within e last tour rs that there leo a of honor lorth, South, Ps or West who not feel that you have strained the confidence of 1 ruay in the legis lative branch of the government to its utmost lunit. For myselt I say that not for one législative ‘blow Qgainet, that army can my, vote oe ovtained, Will you economize In the navy? Will you strike at it Is there any man here who beileves that we have one ship too many? Is there a man who will maintain that we should reduce the strength or efficiency of the navy? ‘That flag which was once carried so prondly by the navy and which was ones seen m the various ports of the world Is now rarely seen in many of thom. No more blows to be struck at the navy say I for oue. 1 would rather be taxed on everything I use and own than tw strike at these two great arms of the service on which we rely at every peril to maintain the hopor and inverests o{ the United States. Then, again, If yon main- tain that your civil list is too iarge, ‘1 say point out the piace and cet us reduce it, but do not say in gen- eral language that the expenditures are too large, un- less at the same time you point to the place where the reduction can be made. 1 peileve thet since the re- duced expenditures, reported by the Committee on Ap- propriations, it will be ditheult to get a reauction of ‘even $1,00u,000 on the civil list. You 1 ve reduced your. expenditures on lortificationy so low no member of t the House proposed to reduce them. Will you strike at | the appropriations tor rivers and harbors? You might strike them to some extent, but not to tho exten: of even $5.00, for the eutire bili iv only $5,000.04 or $6.0 ur rivers must be improved fr we have the m it, and L affirm tor one that we in the Wess would rather butter some oew taxes than have the improvements of the Mississippi River stopper’. Toen, unless you can point out where @ certain uuimber of millions can be and will be saved, you must adurit that tnere is necessity fur more revenue. Will yon pro- vide tor the deficiency in the revenue or will vou let the obligations of the government to individuais or to tho sinking fund goto protesc? Mr. Kasson -hea went on to discuss the details of the bill indicating his distaste to uhe resroration of the ten per cent reduction on | manufactured gooas, buc inumeting that either tat or the restoration of the duty on tea or coffee had to be re- sor.ed to. In regard to the increased tax on whiskey ho | read adespatch, received by him this morring from the discillers ot Peoria, Lil., stating they were not partially opposed to the increase, but did not thing it advisabie | tu tax the stock on nand. He concluded by appealing tothe House. If those who were opposed to the admine istration scill insisted on saying that there was a def- ciency or sul insisted on leaving tho sincing fund un- provided for, then Le appealed to the republican side of the House and asked them to recollect taut om one ocex- sion i. 1868 there was a glow of patriotism amony the people when the Chicago Convention declared that the bublic faith should be maintained and that the letter and spirit of the bond quired its payment 1 government. The general debate was here closed and the commit. ee proceeded to consider the bill under the tive minute rule. , Mr. SoutmarD (dem.,) of Ohio, moved to strike out the first section. SXCTIONAL BURDENS. Mr. sa¥Ler (dem.,) of Ohio, spoke in support of that ntauve: Or the First district, or motion. Aa @ repr Ohio he protested agal it Was an UOIaLr & etion of the country’ au Waich he Lived, and was in the Interest of the other sections of the counwy, which did oot bear their equal burden. the Durdens of taxa. tlon nad been, since the war, eradu shitted from, the Eastern states to the Wi rm and Middle States, To-day Cincinnati contributes trom whiskey and tobacco between 97,000.UW and $8,000,000, which is about twice as much as {s paid by all New Eng- Jand, the Fire: district of Ohio now paid on eric Of ail the excise collocted in the country, wile the iour states of Ohio, ind Ullnols and kentuoky pant x. He was sorry chat the to tax the vast lucomes F the stock specuiators of st that section of ihe bill, be- ia g Cad of Massachusetts ew Yorn. if, BaXxtxG, (iib,) of Ohid, spoke in the same sense, own that’ hia district ' of Cincinnati paid over 7,U00,000 of revenue Inst ie over $50,W0 in th resent iret five months ot the eal year, and that the revenue collected un- | der the present iax of seventy cents on whiskey is tarce tumes that collected wader the $2 tax. The salé of Whis- Key in Now, York wt seventy-thir Rot be produces in the West tor less than seventy-three gents, tozether with the tact that some distrists tuashed less grain and paid inore tax than ovher uistricte which | mash «9 greater quantiy of grain, proved that under the present (x spiris escape == tax: ation. If this was tho case under the present law au therease of (AX would be a greator iniucement to | fraud, Jnerease the tax thirty cents and they would have ali the smugglers, thieves gna illicit distillers at Work again. 1h fittoen cents on the stock on hand Was unjust, because it Was Au additional tax the 11,6,0,0v0 gallons ooOe read, Hite bul, pasded, Would’ all be Sold co | now on band, if the bill ‘the 200,00) retail dealers berore the law went into ope: tion, ‘This clause would put money into the pockets ot the brokers and spectiators, vot Would atford no ad- ditional revenuo to the government. He opposed the to. | acco tax, becuase It Was now taxed as much as it + iseritnination against the (ax on Co . pard almost twice a uch imsernal revert he mx New sngian mtatua, more taan the Ansvivania and more than way Eastern state except New York. Mr. Dawes repiled to Mr. Sayier, and sald the argu. ment of the latter went on the idea that tax was paid of the district whoro it w: ted while, in fact, it Was paid by the consumers, thlers only advanced the tax and cha: or one hundtred per cent interest of profits, tis tr only one in jamachusvects where ti i was manutactired, so that his own interest in bill not differ osatertally trom that of toe yentieman trom Ubio. [t was uot exactly logical to aa: CALM A Custom Houss was in Bostou and 9 Antergal Revonue was in Gl discriots had to pi RETRENCRMENT OR MORE TAXATION, she sncrease was a (i would beac, necticut le the taxes voliected, Mr. Garrinto, ifep.) ot Unto, offered a substitute for the ‘Sret section taxing whukey eighty-five ceats a gallon, | ook O Band. to sad that niter the but not taxi Dest stuuy h watiatied tna ot two thing additional taxation, or retuse to pass the River and Hh been able to give to the subje ‘vbxress Was bound in bor Appropriation ‘bil aud stop work on all the pubito NGS. | Lt these two things were done the appropria- tious tor the comings year Would be cut down about $11,0Jy,000; but even then it was doubtful whether there Would be ‘enough lett to make good the sinking fund, | No man could nave foreseen w yoar ago that for 8 lone khere would be no revival of Dusuess, | fhe cousequence pox of OW,0 & mont. ue “= Dalida Red been that im spe had been steadil, Treul | $5.W0,000 ai vherefore, in iavot et some adeitioni to the public creditors re- | | A Rola. The people, always sus | Uained the honor, the g faith and the credit of the unjust disort mination aguinst and increased that reve- Conts when It could | that Le. he Was onor to do one her increase the amount at revenue by | \ | Hanae Buud heir senses? In connection with the fourth section of ‘he bill, which requires the tariff rates of churges to all hewspaper aszocixtions to be the same as those to tha Associated Press on the Ist of January, 1875, he spoke of the exclusiveness of the New York Assoclated Press; under which no new. pape be estabhistied be: oause it could n vs. He said that in the city { New York it costa quarter ol a million of dollars t buy neinbership 1: the As Press. We said that the Western Union Teiegraph Company had « bargain wih the Associated Press by whigh all the news weni throug the Associated Press, and every despatch was colored té suitit He called on Mr. Aibright, rep.) of Pa., a mem: her of the select Conunittee on Alabama Affairs, to re lute his experiences on that point Mr. ALBRIGHT stated it ax a Noticeable fact that n agent of the Assoc{ated Press ever called on any oft majority members of that commitiee in A although news was sent to the country as comm that cominittee. At Mobile, When it was consid proper that some of the facts elicited before the commit- tee should be furnished to t and a despatch ‘Was prepared by a gentleman in nished by the committee, that them that that despatch weuld not xo over the wires, ‘the committee desired him to _ present of to the Agent. of the Associnied = Press, a to say that it contained iitormation or fuct which had been testified befcre the commitiee, The despatch was handed to the agent of the Associated Press, but he dectined to semi it. He was notan enemy | of telegraphic communication, but he wasa declared and determined enemy) monopolies. He did not jnean that this great ofan fur the transmission of intel> ligence should be and remain a monopoly. A MONSTROUS SCHEME, Mr. Merriam, (rep.) of X. ¥., remarked that the bill embodied one of the most monstrous propositions pre- sented to the House in many aday. Atter he rend the Dill a few days ago he came to the conctusion that ita Utle should be “A Dill to enable a rival telegraph line ta partake in the profitsof the Western Unfon ‘Telegraph Company.” i ag, “Borie moved che previous question, but, the House refused to second {t by a vote ot 89 yeas. to? nays, not two-thirds iu the affirmative, as required by the new rule. Mr. Porter, (rep. stance was any t PN. ¥., sal that in no single in- h company indebted ior its exe istence to the cov , and yet it Was coolly proposed that Congress shonid jon of that private property and should manage and control it and 1x « price upon it, If Congress could do that it could fix the price of tour and regulate the cost of boots. He was surprised that a bill so revolutionary ana extraordinary } should have been pressed to a vote Within the first hour and should have received the support of a majority of the members on the other side. Alter several otuer members had vented their views on the matter contained in the bil, and then without action upon it, but leaving it to come up to-mor- row as unfinished business the House, at thirty-tive minates past tem adjourne RACING AT THE HIPPODROME. A match running rave came of at the Hippo ; drome last night between Jove Dovahue’s chestnut gelding Jim Crow, by Jack Malone, dam Saliy Crow, by imported Albion, and Dan Castello’s im- ported chestnut gelding Wild Charley, pedigree unknown. The match was for $300, five times | around the arepa (seven times being a mile), catch weights, Mr. Castello lad seiected iis ime- Ported gelaing Remorse to run against Mr. Doua: nue’s horse. the match being to name at the post; but Remorse lumed himself in bis exercise in the morning, and Wid Charley was substituted. . Tne running was very poor, being very Jittia jaster than the racing by the Jadies of tne com- pany. Neither Jim crow nor Wild Charley could Make the turn ciose to the pole, and they would not exteud themselves on the straight. Jim Crow won tne first and tpird heats and the race, Wild Coarley taking the second beat. Tne tolowing mwa SUMMARY, BaRNcM's HirPopRoME, Feb, 17—RUNNING Matca, $300; five turns of the track, catch weights, Joe Donahue’s ch. g. Jim Crow, by Jack Malone, dam Sally Crow, by Alvion, five years old (C, Weich)... a woh SB Dan Castello’s ch. g. Wild Charley, pedi gree unknown, aged (J. Rowe) 218 ‘Time, 1:47 3¢-—1 241 3¢—1 241 3g. WARMOTH'S DUEL. The presence of ex-Governor Warmoth, of Louisiana, in this city has, not unnaturally, given | rise to & mysterious rumor, circulated with ex- treme Caution and secrecy, that he was here with the purpdse of arranging @ nostile meeting on the Canadian frontier with Mr. Jeweil, of the New Orleans Bulletin, to settle thetr quarrel by the use Of Dertingers, at ten paces, uuder the duiing code, [t Was said that ‘‘the other principal” was also hiaing in this city, and that the afuir bad gone so far that it only waited ior the appearance of Mr. Jeweil’s friend, who had been summoned irom Louisville, to attend him to the fieid for the arbitrament of arms. ‘Tris promised a sensa- tion, but itis spoiled by the sim) fact that Mr. Jewell was last night in New Urieans and the dit ficulty with Warmoth was ended. Jewell’s sec. ouds abandoned him and he bas no connec: uon with the Bulletin whatever. — If Warmoto waits ior him he ts ilkely to take “coffee for one’ many times beiore be aced call “pistols for two, THE ALSACIENNE-LORRAINE BALL. The annual ball of the Société Alsacienne-Lor raine was held last evening at Irving Hall. The attendance Was not so large as is usual; but tho decorations were very good, the tricolor oi France predominating. There was a photograph of bust, representing “Alsace Weeping,” and a hage Circtiar ring of gas Jets, with the inscription is living fire of “Alsace and Lorraine, 1875." The musical programme was an excelient one, and the Orchestra, Whicn jurnished the dance music, was led in a spirited manner by Zaulig, the ches oF the Olympic Cheatre. Otherwise the a aa were very poor, and showed a lack © tion and joresight on the part of the Ler ge ol the bail. ‘the committee consisted of ib Straoss, L. Desarnauid, J. Tartter, A. yOu P. De Lussan, Juseph Blum, Louis Cuppinger and dules Dardonvilie. THE WEATHER YESTERDAY. ‘The following record will show the changes im the temperatare during the past twenty-iour hours, iu comparison with the corresponding date as recorded at Hudnut’s Phi Or last year, a See ethin jarmacy, 3 A.M 64.M 9 A.M. 12 mM... Average aver lant yoar weber a4