The New York Herald Newspaper, September 30, 1874, Page 3

TYNDALLISM, Sentiments and Views of a Disciple of Another School. H DR. J JASE INTERVIEW WIT! AMES M'COSH Theories of the Philosophers of A’ tiquity Contrasted with Those of the Present. + THE MATERIALISM OF THE BRAHMINS, Principles of Order and Adaptation in { the Universe Considered, Sedh Suet ae TY Rlad The Arguments of Number, Time, Color and Form, as Manifested in Nature, PRINCETON, Sept. 29, 1874, Tpresume 1 am safe in asserting that the ad- vent of Tyndallism has taken the world some- what by surprise; not that the “atomic tueory” first advanced by Democritus and subsequently Btripped of its absurdities by Lucretius is new; Rot that from the earliest history of civilization up until the present it tas not had its own accom- Diished disciples; but because in his former lit- erary and philosophical etforts Professor Syndall has given so littie that would lead us to anticipate ‘the theories which so recentiy he bas pronounced, Toe reader of his works, J have no doubt, was first enabled to gain an insight to his peculiar convic- tions through the medium of his Alpine essay upon prayer; subsequently a physician, acting under Projessor Tyndai’s dictation, evolved an essay of NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1874.—TRIPLE SHEET, tation of the material universe, so far as it falls un- der our notice, it may be discovered that attention, at once extensive and minute, is paid to two great Prinetples or methods of procedure, ‘The one is principle of order or a general plan, pattern or type, to which every object is made to conform with more or less precision, The other ts tue Principle of ‘special adaptation,’ or particular end by which each object, while constructed alter & general model, is at the same time accommo- dated to the situation which it has to occupy and apurpose which it 1s intended to serve, These two principles, I hold, are characteristic of intel}t- | | gence; they must proceed from intelligence, and | they are addressed to imteligence. They may | both be discovered, though necessarily to a limited extent, in human workmansitp, When circaum- stances permit man delights to construct the utensils whien are désigned to fw | a common purpose after a common plan, | Indeed, if we investigate this pecaliarity | more thoroughly we will find that each particular piece of dress or article of furniture tn | a country 18 commonly fashioned atter some gen- | eral mode), 80 that We are able to guess its use as soon as we cast Our eyes upeu it. When things are formed or arranged on some plan tacitly agreed upon man can recognize every object at a distance by Its ph, enomy aud determine its na- iure and ifS end without stétng it yn use or opera- tion, When hare necessity does not: forbid man | feels & pleasure Im constructing his works upon ageneral plan, Human intelligence delights to | employ itseif in forming modeis, They have a beauty to the eye and mind that contemplate them, Now, if this world proveeds from intelii- | gence and if it is intended to be contemplated by | intelligence, it is surely not unreasonable to sup- pose that there may be traces in it—tirst, of prin- ciples of order; second, of speciaf adaptation or end, Indeed, in the external world 1 believe there are abundant illustrations of both these principles | | t i | penetrating allthe kingdoms of natore and ex- | am extraordmary philosophical nature in one of | the numbers of the Contemporary Review; byt still I think but few of his admirers, indeed but Jew of his associates, were prepared tor his last announcement, ior the simple reason that it has taken the general literary and scientific world en- Urely by surprise. A great deal of our so-called modern philosophy s plagiarized trom the ancients; a great deul that Many regard as new is simply a paraphrase of the old; but whenever any particular theory is ad- vanced by any school, no matter whether it be new or old, the best mode of securing 1ts merits and defects is by referring it ‘or analysis toa dis- ciple of another school directly opposite and an- Tagonistic to itself. AN INTERVIEW WITH Dk. M'COSTT, I have just conciuded an interesting interview With Dr. James McCosh, President of Princeton Gollege, Ihave submitted the views of Proiessor Tyndall to iim, and below will be found his re- sponse. At the time Professor Tyndall gave his convictions to the world Dr. McCosh was in mid- ©cean, a passenger on board one of our transatlan- | Uo steamers, Immediately apon his arrival he delivered to bis senior class an extemporaneous answer to Projessor Tyndall, which, however, was | much more curtailed and unsatisiactory than the | imterview given below. Dr. McCosh informs me ofhis refusal to submit to a New York daily his opinions concerning Tyndallism, and states that his forthcoming essay in regard to it will be published in the International Review. Approach- ing Dr. MeCosh in the seciusion private library, I held with lum the following conversation :— “Dr. McCosh,” said I, “what do yon think of | of this Professor Tyndal! as a purely scientific man?’ “I regard him as eminently respectable as a kcientist,” was the response, “while as an e. pounder of science I have always found him able andinteresting. judging him from his last work, however, while he shows a cunning method of dis- playing scientific research, he clearly proves him- self a novice mm philosophy. He has borrowed a great deal of what he states, and Ilregret to say he has not always relied upon the vest recognized authorities tor his information.” “Taking my cue from what you have just poken,”’ was my next remark, “I presume that Professor Tyndall! makes for the support of his theories a great many references to the philosophy ‘of the ancients +” “Yes, certainly,” answered Dr. McCosh, “and tt isin this connection that he makes a great many Diunders, He infers that the majority of the an- cients were materialists, when in reality it was the ancients who first claimed that behind nature there was au intelligent, designing cause. represents the ancients exactly the reverse of what they really were—as those who had no per- ception of this designing cause, and as those who ‘utterly ignored it. This is a great error for a man of Tyndaii’s culture and eminence to make. Hun- areds of years before Christ the materialism of the Bratmins was wudermined by Confucius in China and numerous contemporaries in other quarters of the world, A great deai that lam telling you now has already appeared under my name in print; bucin order to give you precisely What you wish itis necessary for me to begin at the beginning of philosophy and to state to you my impressions during every stage of ita devel- opement.”” A DESIGNING CAUSE, “Of what philosoply 1s the idea that behind na- ture there Was a designing cause the product?” I queried. “The idea of a designing cause was advanced even in the old philosophy of the Greeks. It was they who first sought the great idea that was be- neath Dature, and that nad wrought all things in the system and order in which they were beheld, Toe lonics, the Pythagoreans, the Eleatics and Anaxagoras, @ach one proceeding step by step to solve the dificult problem, antil finally the latter came to the conclusion that behind nature there ‘Was a designing cause which coniormed all things to order and barmony. Then came Democritus ‘With his ‘atomic theory ;’ but his atoms are des- titute, not only of life and personal inteiligence, but also of sensation. The successor of Democ- Titus was Socrates. It is uscless for me to make an analysis of lis philosophy; its grand and nobie truths have never until this day been overturned, At 18 also useless for me to dilate further upon the systems of philosophy which have been promoted auring the different ages of the world. SuMce 1t wo say that! consider Professor Tyndall to have ignored the past; to have ignored the circum- @tance that for almost 3,000 years philosophers have been forced to recognize the existence of a primal, Intelligent, designing and respousibie cause,” “Doctor,” said I, “do you, therefore, deny utterly tue doctrine of evolution ?” “By no means, for by doing sol would deny Holy Writ. The Scriptures undoubtedly recognize the theory of evolution, but when people use the theory to account for the existence of everything they see around them I beheve they go too far." . “What 1s the faliacy of the theory when carried ‘too far “The fallacy is that evolution implies something to be evolved from. Before evolution can origi- * nate there must needs be a first form.’ ow does Tyndall regard this first orm!” “Ag an atom. but bis notion of the first form ‘fails to account for numerous important particu- Jars that we everywhere see in tie world around us.” “The atomi¢ theory as advanced by Democritus 4s not, then, the atomic theory of Tynually” “Oh, no,’ replied the Doctor; “the theory of Democritus was sult Of ridicnious absurdities. It ‘was not until Lucretius, the great Latin poet, promuigated the theory that we derived apy cor- rect Wea of its importance.” “From what you have told me | presume that you consider there are many things that Tyndall's materialistic theories will not account jor. Ii so, ‘what are they 1" “Tyndall’s theory wil] not account for typical sors, Up tabing ap enarerd view of the capspie | He | of nis own’| | elephant 5 tending even into the Kingdoms of grace. Both will be found in THE THEOLOGY OF NATURE to point to the same conclusion; each farnishes its appropr.ate proof of the existence and wisdom of a being who hath constructed everything upon aplan and made it at the same time to serve a purpose, Botn point toa most interesting anal- ogy between nature and revelation. every organ ts adapted toa special end; every organic object is constructed atter a type and is | at the same time made to accomplish a tinal cause, | The arguments and Wlustrations adduced by British writers for the last age or twoin behalf of the Divine existence have been taken almost ex- | clusively from tne indications im nature of special | adaptation o! parts. Plato, in the Fourth Book of the Laws, makes Clinias, of Crete, in proving the existence of God from his works, appeal at once to the order and beauty of the universe, and does not regard it as at all necessary to dwell upon the minute mstances of adaptation, He reiers to the earth, the sun and all the stars and to the beaut. | ful arrangement of the seasons, as evidencing that there 13 @ Divine Being. According to the subiime philosophy of Plato all things are iormed according to unalterable laws or types which remain un- changed: amid the flux of individual objects, be- cause they proceed from eterna) ideas which had been in or before the Divine mind from all eternity. Even Ballus, the stoic, says:—‘When one observes all things proceeding in an ap- pointed order and by a regulated and unchange- able constancy, he is led to understand not only ‘hat there is an inhabitant in this celestial and divine dwelling, put a ruler or regulator, ana, if we may so speak, architect of 80 great a work and gut.’ Newton, of comparatively modern times, re- tering to the umformity in the bodies ot animals, | | says that 1t must necessarily be contessed it has been effected by intelligence and counsel. In the order of nature the most careless observer Is led to notice that there is a beautiful regularity running through it as@ whole and through every indiviaual part of it, Ever since the time when the philosophic spirit was first awakened, refiect- ing minds have been speculating as to the sources ORDER AND HARMONY OF THE UNIVERSE, | and caught, at avery early age, glimpses of the Aristotle clung resolutely to the doctrine | wath. that forms were as necessary as matter to the construction of the world, Even the Platonizing Jew who wrote the Book of Wisdom caught lor a moment a very clear glimpse of the 1ull truth when he speaks of God ‘having arranged all things in measnre, Dumber and weight.’ In these | days we speak of all things being governed by Taws. We lay it down asa maxim that the end of all science 1s the discovery of law. When we speak o! all things being arranged 1m a law or falling out according to @ law, We mean, a8 a matter of course, that all phenomena take place in a regu- larly prescribed order, “In regarding the departments of nature we find surprising examples of numerical order, Thus | ten is the typical number of the flugers and toes of man, and, indeed, of the digits of all vertebrate animals. 1t is also a curious circumstance that in mammalia seven is the number of vertebra im the neck, and this, whether it be long, as in the giraife, or short, as in the whether it be flexibie, as im the camel or firm as in the whale. In the vegeta- ble Kingdom we find two to ve the prevailing num- ber in the lowest order of plants, viz. :—The acrog- enous, or howerless; thus, 2, 4, 8, 16, 82, 64, &c., are the pumoer of teeth in.the mouth of the cap- sule In mosses, Three or multiples of three in the next class of plants, viz.:—The monocotyle- donous or endogenous; and five, with its multi- ples, is the prevailing number in the highest class, viz.:—The dictyledonous or exogenous plants, Independent of the number there ts an order in Nature in respect to time, The stars, the planets and even the comets, Jrom the earliest ages, have | been seen to perform their revolutions in certain fixed times. Some of them, however, seem to de- part irom this rule only to exempilly it more strik- ingly; for their irregularities, which are periodi- cal, are as Methodical as their more unliorm move- ments, Even in the changes of the earth’s sur- face and in the succession of plants and animals, as disclosed by geological science, there have been REGULAR EPOCHS. Nay, the variations of magnetism on the earth's suriace are also periodical, There is a beautiful progressiol shown by the science of embryology in the growthof the yonng animal in the womb, and the whole ilfe of every living creature 18 for an allotted period. The plants of the earth have their regular seasons for springing up, for coming to matarity and bringing Nowers and seeds, while if this general order ta interfered with from any cause the plant at once becomes Jncapable of ful- iiling its functions, A hyacinth prematurely hastened tnto flower for one season, the next year fails to produce either fower or seed. Independent again of number and time, there 1s mm nature an order of color which 1s not without its siguificance toman. Every nation and every regiment las its distinctive color, Color is used by sea and land; on our sbips and on our rail- ways; it announces danger, prociaims safety, and has also a Meaning in nature. 1 am convinced that amid all apparent irregularities there will be found to be some fixed principles in the distribution of colors in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, and, indeed, over the whole surface of nature. Seldom or never are the two primary colors, blue and red, found on the same organ or in contact on the same plant. Every dot in the Nower comes in at tne Proper place; every tint and shade and hue ts in accordance With all that is contiguous to it. ‘He who,’ says Field, ‘can regard nature with the in- telligent gaze of a colorist bag a boundless source ol never ceasing gratification, arising from har- monies and accordances which are iost to the un tutored eye.’ “And there is another argament still, viz.:— ‘There is an order in nature in respect to form. ‘The planets and thelr satellites nave a defined: spheroidal shape, and they move in orbits which have a certain outline in space, namely, the ellip- tic, In the mineral Kingdom we find form playing a most important part, We, for the most part, find minerais crystallized in certain regular forms, Every pertect crystal ts bounded by plain surfaces, it sides are paratiel to each other, and the angles made by its sides are invariable. Among organ- ized objects, however, we dnd form assuming its highest significance. Every living object tal V Gefinita spane. ahd there ja likewise a | that these bare facts of themseives prove that | 1 hold that | shape for each of its organs. Animals and vegeta- bles are classified according to type; and they can be so arranged, because types are really found in nature, and are not the mere creation of human Treason or fancy. Without principles of unity to guide him, man would feel himseif lost, as ina forest, among the works of God, because of their very multiplicity and variety. A very curious cir- cumstance in relation to the forms of nature is that they are MATHEMATICALLY REGULAR, “A series of beautiful rhomboidal figures, with definite angles, may be observed on the surface of the cones of pines and firs, while the leaves and branches of this plant are placed round the axis in sets of spirals. Besides these typical resem- blances, which enavle us to classify plants and an- | imals, and the beautiful curves which do so gratity | the contemplative intellect, there are certain correspondences {a the structure of organs, which seem to me to be especially illustrative of a plan intellectaally devised and systematically pur- sued, Aristotle noticed the correspondence be- | ween the hands of man, the fore limbs of mammais | and the wings of birds, and between the limps of | these animals and the fins of fishes. Newton, | musing upon the symmetry of the animal brain, exclaimed ;—‘Similiter posita omnta in omnibus Jere animatious,’ | “al these things that I have just mentioned,” | continued the doctor, “Professor Tyndall com- pletely ignores, Inno manner does he pretend to | account for this wonderiul order, harmony and ; mathematical exactness. 1 do not mean to say | | | | | there is a living aud personal God, clothed with every perfection; but they are fitted to deliver us trom painiul and degenerate notions, which may be suggested by the human heart In times of un- } belief, or by persons who have been lost in a laby- rinth of unbelief buiit by themseives, and who are not unwilling that others should become as be- wildered as they are. They prevent us irom feel- ing that we, and all things else, are THE MERE SPORT OF CHANCE, ever changing its proceedure, without reason and without notice, or what is still more dreadiul, that we may be crushed beneath'the chariot wheels of | | @ stern and relentless fate, moving on without de- | sign and withoutend, All objects being so regu- | larly constructed and modes of procedure so wonderfully systematic, fill the mind and prepare us, if they do no more, to wait for the disclosure of a loving being who may fill the heat. The im- tellect is not satisfied with contemplating unless the heart be at the same time satisfied with lov- | ing. Itis the grand mistake of nota few gifted men of these latter ages to imagine that the order and joveliness of the upiverse, 4ts forces, its | mechanism, its laws, ita well-fitted proportion will | of themselves satisfy the soul. It will ve found | | that all these, however fondly dwelt upon, must in © | the end leave the same melancholy and disap. | | pointed feeling as the sight of a noble mansion | | doomed to remain forever tenantless, uniess they | jJead on to love, and such love as can bve only ieit | toward a living and a loving Goa, | | “Imight go on to an indetinite rength,” the | ; Goctor continued, “and tell you how necessary | were special adjustments in order to insure the | | | | beneficent operation of the forces of na- ture. I think I could prove to you con- clusively that these adjustments are de- signed and not casual, and I might converse with you for hours upon the obviousness and com- pleteness of special adaptations, if you had the time I could demonstrate to you the traces of or- der in the organs of plants, the relations of form and color in the flower and the adaptation of these forms and cotors to the natural tastes of man. Pretty much all that I have already told you, and much that 1 do not mention will be found in my work upon typical germs, Forms so uniform and | which adhere to laws so rigid that no system of | evolution, whether advanced by Tyndallor by any one else, provided the first form was not a living, loving, inflaite God, could account for the order in which we ever find them, | May could not account for their simple | existence. Tyndall not only overiooks typical forms, but also the doctrine of a final cause, Tyn- | dall’s theory of the evolution of ail things from | lifeless atoms cannot account for the thevlogy in nature, Tyndall also fails to explain the distinc- | tion between matter and mind. We know that | mind and matter exist, but there 1s not a particle | of evidence to show that matter ever becomes mind.” “What do you think of Tyndall’s materialism as compared with the modern German school of Buchner and Vogt?” “The difference is so exceedingly great,” an- | swered the Doctor, “that it is hardly fair to make | acomparison. Tyndailism is far above the philos- | ophy of eitner of the gentlemen you have named. | They are both materialists of the most radical | kind, Tyndallism is far better than anything that either Biichner or Vogt has advanced. 1 believe | that] have given you already the weaknesses which upon sight appear to me to exist in Tyn- dail’s theories, The order which is everywhere | discernible in nature—the order of number, form, color and time—Tyndall’s phiiosophy does not ac- | | count for, and until such conditions are accounted | | tor the doctrine of evolution must needs be weak | and unsatisfactory.” TROTTING AT LEXINGTON. LExincTon, Ky., Sept. 20, 1874. ‘The fall meeting of the Kentucky Trotting Horse Association commenced to-day. The weather was | fine, the atvendance large and the track slow, Finst RacE—Almont Purse, $500 in gold, for three- year-olds; $350 to first horse, $150 to second, $50, | given by the association, to third, SUMMARY, | { Nichols? Alethia.. sees Tey Offults’ Easter Maid. 22 | Anderson's brown coit. 33 | Stoner’s brown filly. Vanmeter’s Alima. .. Time, 0 Ad hg. Srconp RACE—Stakes, for stallions that made the | season of 1874 in Kentucky; $100 entrance, half | forieit: $100 by association to second, $60 to third, There were three entries. SUMMARY. Stevens’ North Star Mambrino, Lindenberger’s Byron. Clay's Caliban.. 111 222 3 dis, ‘Time, M4 3, 4034. ‘The last race was for three-minute horses; purse $700; $400 to first horse, $200 to secorfd, $75 to third and $26 to fourth, There were eleven en- tries, and all started, At dark five heats had been | trotted, The race will be conciuded to-morrow. THE BANGOR RAGES, BANGOR, Me., Sept. 29, 1874, Rain prevented the opening of the fall meeting of the Bangor Trotting Park Association an- | nounced for to-day. A large number ot gentie- men interested in turf sports are in town and the races will begin the first pleasant day, ‘FLEETWOOD PARK, The trotting announced to come of at Fleet- wood Park yesterday afternoon was postponed on account of the rain and & muddy track until the rst fair day. “YACHTING NOTES, ‘There will be a meeting Of the Brooklyn Yacht | Club this evening, at its rooms, Court and Mon- tague streets, ‘the race between the schooner yachts Magic | and Comet has at last been aefinitely fixed for Tuesday, October 13. It is for the Bennett Ohal- lenge Cup and will be satied over the New York | Cinb course, The proposed sweepstake race between the sohooners Triton, Peerless, Meta, Clio, Agnes and Comet, over the Brooklyn course, has not yet been wholly abandoned, and may be gatied belore tne season closes, It will be remembered the race | was intended to be for a subscription cup, to be presented to the winning yacht, entrance $100, Yacht Atalanta, N. Wal t. William Astor, Vhites: trom City Island, tone yesterday en | route tor New Yo H e | THE MISSING YACHT MARIA. BRooKLyn, Sept. 29, 18 To THR Epitor or THR HEeRaLp:— In an article in your paper of Sunday, the 27sh inst., headed “News at Last of the Velebrated Steam Yacht Maria,” you state in the last part of it that the wife of Captain Martling also disap- yeared, Now, as her brother amd in duty to her, J would state that she has never disappeared, but has remained in Brooklyn all the time and is to-day teaching school in Skillman street. By inserting this in your valuable paper you will confer a favor all parties concerned, I agree with you in say- itis indeed o very strange and verious aa CREEDMOOR. Opening of the Second Annual Meeting of the National Association. DEFYING THE STORM. 'Two Hundred Riflemen in Line Blazing Away. a RIGBY’S CHALLENGE. Pe IG a SERA et MR. The following are the names of the winners and heir scores:— u Names, ——Scoret, ——— ul reg . 4 ee Captain Joseph Ross, 73th r 443253 3-2 Joseph H. rishe; 23243 64 5-2 Alexander Smith: 2444 4 3 2-2 J. Bugbee 446222 32 | Private Win. Robertson Tait regt... 3 32 4 4 3 3-2 | eur Ool, Renger, $44 regt...0.0.1.3 3 2 3 3 3 3-20 aeeere 333323 3-2 | J, A. McGee THE CAVALRY MATCH, | open to teams of five from wny troop of the Na- tional Guard; distauce, 100 yards; position, stand | ing; rounds, ten; weapon. Remington ec | loading carbine, State model, nae | Jess than six pounas. | First Prize—To the troop who | highest score, a richly exnbre | Presented vy the Commande | or Trigger pull se team makes the dered cavalry guidon, Hef on behalt of he State of New York Bec Prize—To the second bi ni, ate prize, authorized by Adjutant G bone on Lehalf of the State. value. x ‘Third Prize—To the best individual score, a life m. ) F TROOP—THIRD CAVALRY. | bership in the Nationat Rifle Association, ( | _ ferable by the winner, value. + | Foarth, Fifth and Sixth Prizes—To the three next | highest individual scores, ¢ esc . 1S | In all six prizes; total value........ Rapeare | The following is the result of she shooting :— | | i - Namer, Serer Sharpe’s Telegram to the Herald An- | Mom gpa P'S Ta nouncing Its Acceptance, | UBlumessorces 24 EERE A EG e . Blume. 2 32 e pe Reuter... 442522353 J.-H. Christopher’! 2230202 8 | SEPARATE TROOP—FIRS? DIVISI Sergeant K, Muller... $92 464 3 8 8 ANEW BATTLE OF THE RIFLES. | Corporal Jonn Felten: 333338 | Fritz Specht... 22340 Jacob Dillenderg::: 242432 A. Schmidt...... 2022389 | FIFTH BR B INPANTRY, Colonel Wingate’s Reply to the | tientenant neat g2g2 | Sergeant Posbergia 28 | Private Danker 2308 Irish Challenge. | Private Grane... 0333 Private Lackman 4302 | (B.TROOP THIRD CAVA ‘The second annual meeting of the National Rifle ae onminie moe ks 1 Association opened yesterday under decidedly de- | age ee t pressing influences, A Ggownpour of rain pre- | H. sSchreder. vented the shooting of the matches set down on | WASHINGTON GRAY TROOP, the programme at the appointed hour. Notwitn- | M- Primmer. ene erie aN i} standing the very unfavorable look of the morn- A Decker. 3 f { ; 3 33 > ing over two hundred marksmen = ap- | Ja Aof YM oo Soab ai ages peared on the range, which looked as | A TROOP—THIRD CAVALR: uninviting and miserable as can be well con- | Gantatn rs paaer : 3 3 H 2 3 3 celved. Groups of rifemen in every variety of | 14, Senroeder A oe oe nce dress were huddled together under the tents hop- | #1. Ven Oesher. Mererar ete des + Hugo. Tare 83'S 8 ing that the weather would clear up. In this, | P—THIRD OAVA however, they were fated to be disappotnted, and | Henry Fisher. 453533386 the rain continued to pour down in a | Joly s. Passe +a et ee arate style to discourage the most enthusiastic | P. Laforaa. a lover of the sport. It was at one time icke seriously urged on the executive officers to post- pone the shooting, but some members of the regi- mental teams present grumbled at the prospect of having to lose another day. Under these circum- stances Geperal Shaler and the other members of the executive body resolved that the meeting should be opened regulariy, rain or shine, at one o'clock P, M, and a notice to that effect was posted on the bulletin, This decision was favorably received by the riflemen present, who thought that, a8 a soaking was inevi- table, they would at least have some amusement to compensate them, In this, however they were destined to disappointment, as the storm, which temporarily abatea, increased in violence almost a8 soon as the squads had taken their position before the targets, It was next to impossible tor the men in the butts to record the shots, as the rain washed the whiting off the iron blinds and flooded the covered way where the markers stoud, But, having taken the trouble of making a voyage to Creedmoor, the riflemen were anxious not to return without dis- posing of some of the events, Considerable interest was mantfested in the re- sult of Mr. Rigby’s challenge to the American | challenge from Mr. Rigby, proposing to test the | te beginning to un Lieut. J. A. HL . Roffman P, Volkman. | SEPARATE TROC } John Kruscher Felix K. George ie Michael Hoffman. Jacob Bossert. ‘The score tickers of the cavalry match were s0 disfigured by the rain that it waa impossible for )P-— ELEVEN’ 232809 General Woodward, the omciai statistician of the | Tange, to make out all the individual scores cor- rectly. However, the totals were easily made out. ‘To-day, when the tickets have been thoroughly dried, the individuai scores will all be officially reg- | istered, Under the untoward circumstances | the cage no award of prizes was made. | . The Sportsmen's match, which was begun late in | the afternoon, when !t was raining 80 hard that | the target could scarcely be seen at 200 vard’s dis- tance, will be recommenced to-day, The few shots | made were declared null and void. | lenge. No. 194 Broapway, NEw YORK, Sept. 29, stat To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD:— in the HERALD of this morning you publish a | The Chiet Magistrat ‘ around the | tendant on the visit of the chivalric [risa mfe A Doubtfal Anawer to the Irish Chal- | 3 land the Elcho Shield at Wimbledon, and they have stood, and still stand, very high in the public estimation as accurate markamnen. Few person¢ expected that the American team would win, and the fact that they did is @ most honorable triumph for them. “THE LORD MAYOR. of Dublin Off for Niagar Early yesterday morning there was quite a stir Windsor Hotel. The excitement ar- team, a body of gentiemen that took their defeat in the great international match with the same graceful and gentiemanly spirit as they would have bad their victory, 40 eagerly expected, has given a conserable degree of importance to their movements, and also to the programme in which ir jattiful friend, tue Lord Mayor of Dublin, has arranged during his stay in this country, The party took the nine o'clock train of the Erie Rail- Way, being accommodated in special palace , Cat—the Orange County—appropriatea to their j Use vy wl Hauagernont They can thus, ander the | Most favorable circumstances, view the bold | mountain — seenery along the Delaware River and te ich farming districts — of ; the S#squetanna and its a@Muents. The chief representative of the capital of ireland and is charming lady, Alaerman Manning and Mis# Manning aud Mr. and Mrs, Wetherhouse took the cara jor Niagara. The Lord Mayor bas frequently expressed wimself since his arrival in this city desirous to Witness one of the mosh | glorious phenomena of nature, which has become a housebold word ail over Europe, To visit | America and not see Niagara, as he expressed hiagisell, were an idle journey. He 1s delighted, a | also the Lady Mayoreas, with the warmip and genuineness oi their reception in the metropolis | Of America, and he cannot speak too highly ol the pleasure he leels in bis present acquaintance with | the great Republic. The Lord Mayor lectures at the Academy of Music on “Oliver Goldsmith” on | Tuesday, October 6, and on Wednesday, Ocvober7, | he will embark on his return to Dublin, | The Lord Mayor and the Team at Sus« quebanna SUSQUEHANNA, Pa., Sept. 29, 1874, ‘The Right Hon, the Lord Mayor of Dublin, and the Iris team leit New York for Niagara Falls at nine o'clock this forenoon, via the Erte Railroad, In & palace drawing room coach, and arrived at Unis place Jor dinner at Atty minutes past three P.M. | | Expected Arrival at Niagara NIAGARA FaLLs, Sept, 29, 1874, | The Lord Mayor of Dubin, accompanied by the Irish team of rifemen, will arrive at the | International motel to-night, | NEW YORK UNIVSRSITY. publi al a Se | Opening of the Medical Department— Lecture by Prefessor John C. Draper, M. D., LL.D. ‘The regular winter session of the Medical De- | partment of the University of the City of New York was inaugurated lust night, when Professor John C. Draper, M. D., LL.D., delivered a iecture on | “he Relations of Chemistry to Medicine,” The lecture hall of the institution, which is situated on Twenty-sixth street, opposite Bellevue Hospital, ‘was weil filled by puysictans, students and persons of intelligence outside the medical profession, among whom were many ladies, who were thor oughly interested throughout Professor Draper’ | instructive discourse. after a prayer by Chan- cellor Crosby Proiessor Draper began nis lecture, alter giving a brief history of the College j ana of the rise and progress of chemistry, saia:—“From this brief account of the origin | and development of chemistry we Gnd that from @ end it is little more than & | | gunmakers, The opinion generaliy held was that , merits of the breech-loading rifles used by the | history of the attempts of the ablest physicians of manufacturers of breechloading arms could not afford to accept the challenge. In the matter of Major Leech’s challenge most of the members were of opinion that it should be accepted. It belug only fair that having met the Irish team and defeated them under favorable condi- | tions the Americans stiould consent to test thelr right to the championship with the condi- tions of the struggle reversed, SHOOTING UNDER DIFFICULTIES, | American team, a8 compared with the Rigby muzzle-loader, by four or five men on each side firing 100 shots at 1,000 yards, at Creedmoor, on Saturday next, without cleaning, ‘The letter is hardly addressed to the Amateur ; Rifle Clab, but at the same time your editorial in | regara to it makes it pernaps proper that | should | take some notice of it. ‘The preparations and practice for the interna- | tional match which has just been concluded have each period todo sometning for the advance of their art. Dissatisfled with its condition and crav- ing for its improvement they have naturally called chemistry to their aid in their attempts to place | medicine on a@ more satisfactory basis. In the | early time of tue Arabians, and later, in that of Paracelsus and the intro-chemiats, these endeavors | were chiefly directed to the discovery of new sub- | stances wherewith to combat disease and relieve human pain. To our own time this still continues to be @ worthy object of tne chemist, and no The active proceedings of the day began with | required a good deal of time and attention from greater triumph in this regard can be cited than the competition for the prizes in the “Judd | Match,” which are given by the direc- tors of the National Rife Their aggregate value is $245 Under the rule of the association any military rifle could be used. The pull of trigger not to be less than six pounds. For this match there were nearly two hundred entries. It was decided to begin the second match, open to teams of five from each cavalry troop, at the same time, tn order to dis- pose of the short range matches on the first day if possible, Although all the | long range targets had been removed and short range targets set up in their place it was impossible to accommodate all the marksmen at once, Some scores of riflemen were, ) therefore, compelled to wait in the storm of rain | until the squads occupying the targets had com- pleted their scores, which was certainly trying to the patience. The majority of the rifemen pres- ent belonged to the militia regiments, and as they mostly wore the blue service over- coat the peaceiul rifle range presented something of the appearance of a battlefield. Once the firing began it rolled along the line in- cessantly, and the groups of earnest men gathered atthe firing points, blazing away steadily, heed- less of the soaking rain, presented @ singularly spirited picture, culties of the marksmen the wind blew strongly across the range in fitiul driving the blinding smoke and rain into the faces of the shooters. ditions it is not to be wondered at that the scor- Ing was not remarkably brilliant, CRACK SHOTS OUT OF LUCK. Many of the steadiest shots scored miss alter miss much to thelr disgust, and the black disc, marking outers, came up with ominous freqnency. Lientenant H. Fulton, who so brilliantly distinguished him- self in the Irish match, made only 17 points out of @ possible 28, The first prize was carried off by the moderate score of 23, The remaining prizes were awarded fo scores ranging upward from 20, Quite a number of the mem- bers made this score; but, as is usual, the prizes were given to those who svored the smaliest number of outers, Taking tnto con- sideration the atate of the elements the shooting made was very creditable. It showed clearly the value of the Creedmoor range as a school of mus- ketry, and spoke volumes jor the increased skill of the National Guard in the use of their weapons, The members of the regimental teams, for the most part, shot with the service Remington, but many of the members of the asso- ciation stot With other patterns, notably the new United States service Springfleld and the Ward- Burton miittary rifle, which is rapidly growing in favor with marksmen. By the time the Judd and cavalry matches had been completed every one on the ground was thoroughly soaked through, and most of the men were anxious to return to town, The exeattte TdRevke Banta ced that the Sportsman’s Match would be proceeded witn, and a8 Most Of the riflemen present were entered jor this match they were compelled to return to the targets in the storm, which increased every mo- ment in intensity. When every one engaged had been thoroughly drenched it was tound necessary to abandon tue idea of continuing the match, ag the markers couid not record the scores, owing to the down pour of rain, which literaily washed out the marks from the scoring tickets, It was therefore resolved to postpone the mutch, in the hope that the elements may prove less adverse to- day. All idea of shooting “the First Division Match” was now abandoned as impracticable, and the men returned to town very much dissatisiied that, m view of the stormy character of the morning, the match had not been ceuntermanded and @ notice posted in the ferry house which would have enabled the young ‘men to attend to their basiness instead of Page| soaked through on the range Topi for fair weather, General Shaler, assisted — b, ene TA Woodward, charge of ‘the statistical eral Ward, of the First brigade; Colonel Gildersieeve, Major Watrous and a namber of other oficers were present on the range and took an active part in the proceedings. It is to be regret-ed that these gentiemen did not take the responsibility of postponing all the matches in the morning when it had become evident ‘hat the weather was likely to continue uniavorable. The following is a summary of the scores maue in the two matches completed yesterday. THR JUDD MATOU, open to all members of the association; weapon, auy military rifle; distance, 200 yards; ‘position, standing; rounds, seven, Firat prize—A silver CUD, VAINO..eee ce. Second prize—A silver medal, value $30, and cas: Third prige—A silver medal, value...) ..,.., 30 Fourth prize Life memberinip in the association. 23 5 and nin le badges, value $20 cach vee tol pourra hn who took department; Gen- As though to increase the dim- | gusts, | Under these unfavorable con- | both the members of the team and myseli, Now | that it is over we are overwhelmed with our pri- Association. | vate business, and itis utterly impossible for us to take up anytt ‘or my own part | ness to be even able to visit Creedmoor during the | Important matcies which are taking place during | the present week, and I think several of the team | are similarly situated. | Rigby that the only way to test the rines will be | by ring them from a fixed rest, wnich can be dove at any Ume, as the Amateur Rifle Club, hav- | ing no mterest in our rife, would hardiy go into a trial of guns, even if its members could spare the | time to do 80. | In regard to the challenge from Major Leech to | shoot @ return match in Dublin in June nex:, | which is published in the same issue of HERALD, the disposition among such of the Ameri- can team sad members of the club as I have seen since it was announced, is strongly in tavor of ac- | cepting it. The expenses of sucu an undertaking will, however, be Very great, ana wiil probably form the main obstacle to the matter betng carned to a suceessiu! conclusion. If this can be arranged I vhink itis very possible that a team may be had | to cross the ocean to shoot the return match, aud | who, if they may not succeed im bearing off the palm cf victory, would endeavor to bear their de- jeat with the same magnauimous spirit which has deen displayed vy our Irish intends, The quesuon, | bowever, involves 80 many serious consideratious | that it will _be some time before any forma! action can be taken inthe matter by the club, sBpectlully yours, GEORGE W. WINGATE, President Amateur Rifle Club. {The Rigby Challenge | Sharpe's. HarrrorD, Conn., Sept. 29, 1874. To THe Epitor oF tHe HERALD:— The Sharpe’s Rifle Company accept the challenge of Mr. Rigby to the rifle makers of America for a match on Saturday next, for the purpose of test- ing the relative merits of breech-loading and muz. zle-wadding weapons. A portion of tue American team in the late international contest having used the Remington rifle, it 18 hoped they will take part in the trial. If not, the supulated number of marksmen using Sharpe’s rifles wiil be on band. E, G. WESICOTT, Sharpe's Rifle Company. Accepted by | Wants to Know. New York, Sept. 23, 1874, To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD :— paper whether the “marksmen” of the Irish and American teams stood, woen firing, ata distance from the target of 890, 900 and 1,000 yaras, was more than halfa mile from the rife—that is, tuat the targets are all at the same distance from the marksman, being graduated in size to Meet the requirements of an 800, 900 and 1,000 yards range, &c. The simple question is, Do the Mmarksmen literally stand at the “range” distance from the targets? Yours, &c., READER. {if “Reader” will peruse attentively the ac- counts published in the Hera.p of the inter- national match he will see it stated that the rine- men fired ata distance greater than half a mile from the targets. And they naturally held their rifles at that distance from the targets, not being allowed to fire with a string or other contriv- ance.—Ep. HERALD.] The Test of Muzzle and Breech-loading Rifles. New York, Sept. 29, 187 To THE EDITOR OF THE ABRALD: I notice that Mr. Rigby (the maker of the muzzle loading rifles used by the Irish team) has invited the makers of breech-loading rifles to test the ac- curacy of the shooting between the two Kinds of guns. I do not see by the method of shooting proposed how it is going to determine the matter, for it is 4s much 8 test of men as guns, and if the day 18 not good it will be more so, The only scien- tific and satisfactory way to test the merits of the guns is to have them ot! equal weight, the shoot- ing to be done from a “mechanical rest’? (the guns not being held by any person) and fired Simultaneously, thereby giving to each gun the same conditions of recoil and wind. Fy D, CO, CHAPMAN. The American Triumph. {Prom the Hartford Times.) ‘The New York (Sunday) HERALD had a full page illustrative account of the rifle match between the Irish and American ‘teams,’ at Creedmoor, Long Isiand, on Saturday—showing first & map of the grounds, with the different ranges, second a de- scription of the targets and last the targets in fnil, showing the exact firing of each member of both teams at the respective ranges—sv0, 900 and 1,000 yards, The HERALD beats all its contemporaries JAWAD Winey Jue Ina team bad wan ja fue 1 would suggest to Mr. | the | Very ree | You will much oblige if you will state in your | Jcon- | tended that in the 1,000 yards range the target | that the Marksman took aim and fred at a target | more than half a mile off; put lam told vy some | the discovery and applicayon of chloroform, ether and other anwsihetics. | “Granting as We must all honor to those who de- vote themselves tu this branch of the appheation ing that looks lixe another match. | of chemistry to medicine, we must tn justice ree think it 1s very douotiul whether I will be able to get time from my busi- serve our highest commendation for those who, following in the footsteps of Liebig, Simon ant Lehmann, devote their talents and tives to the ae- termination of the compositions and chemical changes to Which the ussues and tus of the body are submitted during the processes of life and dis- ease. in this field, which promises so lite of pecnniary reward to tne jaborer, We neverthe- Jess tind nosis of able workers. Year after year they are adding to our knowledge of the Ras cesses In vegetabie and animal lize; iittle by litle | they are disclosing the long niaden secrets of onr | Organism; and chemistry. which began its exist- | ence as the humble handmaiden of medicine, is rapidly becoming the dictatress of the hy; otneses: on witch medical theories and practice are founded. | Such being the present relation of chemistry to | Medicine, may we not well ve asbamed of the | scanty provision ade in American medical col- leges for the cultivation and advance of this Bcl- ence? Nations which, iu our youth and arro- gence, we regard a8 being effete and mort- ound, nevertheless have the energy to estad=, lish great and costly laboratories for chem.’ cal and physiological investigations in connection with their schools of medicine, while we are cone tent to accept our knowileage at second hand from those to Whom We tvo oiten fall to render credit. in Et one Dot ouly are laboratories and apparatus supped by government or by private endow- | ment, but the proiessor 18 relieved {rom all cone cern regarding tne necessities of life by a salary ! which affords an ample sustenance. Here, on the | contrary, he must not only earn tus bread, but, im addition, he must furnish his laboratory and ap- ) paratus, Can we wonder that under these condi. | tons there is so little result | While money is ireely given to theologtcal, aca- | demic, agricultural and technical institutions of | every other kind, not a single medical college has as yet received the funds which would enable tt | to perform its work ina proper manner. Society | demands a high standard of its physicians, and | punishes their negtect or malpractice with the se- | verest penaliies Kuown to the law, yet what has so- | Clety Gone to aid either tn the advance or diffusion | of medical knowledge? Whiie every wild scheme | er idioticism finds humerous supporters who are | Willing to pledge their purses in its behall, medi- bei Pe Ne te few exceptions, have an nncer- tain tenure of life, an eh the best are tragn- ; Meiled for ihe want id ftthe to do thelr Work properly. It is not that there is a lack of liberal- | ity in the community, nor is it a failure to appre- | ie the property educated physician, It must be that the physicians tuemselves are at fault and the | Community errs becanse tt has not yet been in- stracied in a matter which is of the utmest | Importance to its own wellbeing and prosperity. Feeling the necessity of some action in this mat- ter, the alamni of the medical department of the University of New York have established the nu- cleus of an endowment for their Alina Mater. That this may increase and be applied in such & manner as to aid in the advance of medical science is the earnest wish of all who have her wellare at heart; and, with the aid of her sons, | the time cannot be far distant when this desirable | result will be attained, and proper laboratories for | chemical, physiological and physical research and | iMstruction Will be opened treéiy to ali who have | been so educated as to avail themselves of thetr advantages, | A RUNAWAY STAGE ON BROADWAY. Probably Fata) Injuries To a Man Wha Tried to Stop the Horses. At about half-past four o’clock yesterday after- noon, asa stage belonging to the Filth Avenue | line was proceeding leisurely up Broadway, near | Thirteenth street, the horses suddenly became unaccountably frightened and started on a rapid gallop, despite the exertions of the driver to con- trol them, The stage at the time was well filled With passengers, @ majority of whem were ladies. The horses dashed frantically aiong at | fearful rave of speed, unmindful of teams and pedestrians, and every moment it was expected that the vehicle with its living freight would upset. The lady inmates clung to the gentlemen, while the gentiemen tenaciousl held on to the seuts, not daring to attempt an and the shouts and screams of all gave evidence that they fully realized their periiou: sition. Several policemen and others endeavored to stop the maddened horses by Meshal f in_ their pat sbouting aud waving their arms, but regardiess 01 verything tie animals dasbed wildly on. AS the stage reached the corner of teenth street and fourth @venue, a man named Patrick Scanion, restaing at No, 280 Mott street, volder than the rest, fade a grab tor the head of the nearest animal, but unfortu: bately, missed tt, being strock full in the breast by the centre pole, which knocking nim down, tae Wheeis of the heavy venicle passed over nis body, inflicting injuries from the effects of which his Fe- covery is considered very doubtful After the horses had gone six or seven blocks jurther they becal omewhat exhausted, and, slackening their Soak were at last captured. The driver succeeded in keeping his seat on the box through. out his dangerous ride, Pulling and tagging with all bis strength at the reins. The injured mad was conveyed by Omcer Melby, of the highteeuth pre- GiNCL LO Bellevue Hosnital