The New York Herald Newspaper, January 2, 1874, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. WALLACK’S THEATRE, and Tuirteenth need MAN OF HONOR, P.M. Broadway ats P. M.; closes at 10:60 |. Mr. Lestex Wallack, Miss BOOTH's THEATRE, Q@venue and Twenty-third street —KIT: OR, THE SAS THAVELLY |, at 745 P. M. ; closes at 10:30 Mr. F. 8, Chanfrau, Miss Bella Pateman. OLYMPIC THEATRE, | ech Houston and leecker streets. — Pate anew: 8 ; GABRIEL GRUB, at 8:45 P. M.; closes ot 1 P.M. Majitton-Raynor Family. ROOKLYN PARK THEATRE, . Brooklyu.--DAMON AND PYTIHTAS, UK BYRD SUSAN, at 10 P.M. : closes at . Edwin Adams, Miss Emily Osborne. mt 30 P.M. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—MISCHIEF MAKING, at 745 P.M.; MOTHER Goos#, at $30 P. M.; closes at lis Mr. Hernandez Foster, Miss Polly Booth. METROPOLITAN THEATRE, 585 Broadway.—VARIETY ENTBRTAINMENT, at 7:45 ¥.-M.; closes at 10:30). M. NIBLO’S GARDEN, tween Prince and Honston streets.— IN THE WOOD, Opens até P’. M. ; closes at okes Family. WOOD'S MUSEUM, corner Thirtieth streei.—CHERRY AND 2 P. M.; closes at420 P.M. OLIVER es atu P.M. Mr. EL, Daven Broadway, FALR STAR, a1 TWIST, ats P. port, Mrs. BE. L. Davenport. lo: GRAND OPERA HOUSE, Eighth avenue and Twenty-third street—HUMPTY DUMPTY ABKOAD, at 7:45 P. M.; closes at 10:45 P.M. Mr. G. L. Fox. FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, Typniy-cighth street and Broadway.—PARRICIDE, at 8 P.M.: cioses at 10:40 P.M. Mr. George Clark, Miss Fanvy Davenport. GERMANIA THEATRE, place.—LES GEOR. wP.M. Mr. Merton, Fourteenth street, near Irving GIENNES, at8 P.M; closes at 10 Rinold. MRS, CONWAY'S BRO! Washington street, Brookly P. M.; THE BRIGANDs, Mr. Frank Roche, Mra. F. TERRACE GARDEN THEATRE, Ga street, near Third avenue. —BARBE BLEUE, . Md. ; closes at 1:15 P.M. Pauline Canissa. Fi ats TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 21 Bowery.—VAKIETY ENTERTAINMENT, at 8 P. W; closes at iP. BRYANT'S OPERA HOUSE, Twenty-third street, corner of sixth avenue. —CINDER- ELLAIN BLACK, NEURO MINSTRELSY, &c., at 8 P. MM. ; choses at 0 P.M. THE RIN! Third avenae and Sixty-tourth street.—MENAGERIE, MUSEUM AND CIRCUS, at 2P. M., closes at 4 P. M.; SP. M.; closes at 0 P.M. ROBINSON B. Sixteenth street.—MAGICAL ENTERTAINMENT AND LAUGHING GAS, at 8 P. M.; closes at 10:30 P. M. BAIN HALL, Jones street, corner Lafayette place —THE PIL- Great GBIM, ats P.M. ; closes at 9:30 P.M DR. KAHN’S MUSEUM, ‘No. 688 Brosdway.—SCIENCE AND ART, New York, Friday, January 2, 1874, THE NEWS OF YESTERDAY. To-Day’s Contents of the Herald. “THE FUTURE OF THE SPANISH REPUBLIC AND OUR RELATIONS WITH SPAIN’— LEADING ARTICLE—Fourrn Pas. THE TROUBLE BETWEEN THE SPANISH PRESI- DENTS! MAKSHAL SERRANO AFTER GEN- ERAL MORIONES WITH A “SHARP STICK!" JOURNALS SUPPRESSED! TER- RIBLE DISASTERS AT CARTAGENA—Firth Pace. ~ MR. SECRETARY FISH PROMISED AN OVATION SHUULD HE EVER VISIT HAVANA! HIS RESEMBLANCE TO “THAT DARNED TIGER!" THE SURRENDER QUESTION! MR. KEELER’S DISAPPEARANCE—SixrH PaeR. SPAIN A REPUBLIC WITHOUT REPUBLICANS— BELITTLING THE UNITED STATES 8U- PREME CUURT—SIXxTH PaGE. THE BRITISH ADVANCING UPON THE ASHAN- TEE CAPITAL! THE NATIVES ‘“SKEDAD- DLING!” FEVER RIFE ON THE COAST— Firra Page. CAPTAIN SURMONT DEEMS THE RECENT MID-OCEAN CALAMITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO A LACK OF JUDGMENT! THE LAX DISCI- PLINE OF THE FRENCH—Firri Pace. MORE FRENCH COMMUNISTS SENTENCED TO DEATH—ENGLISH FINANCES—Firtn Pace. THE OLD DOMINION “MARCHING ON!” THE LEGISLATIVE SESSION AND THE GOVER- NOR’S INAUGURAL! EQUAL RIGHTS COM- MENDED—Firti PaGE. RINGING OUT THE OLD, RINGING IN THE NEW! THE UBSERVANCES OF YESTERDAY IN HAPPY HOMES, IN THE CHRISTIAN TEMPLES AND AT THE INSTITUTIONS! THE PARK AND THE ROAD! OFFICIAL GREETINGS—TairD Pace. NEW YEAR'S IN WASHINGTON CITY! THE WHITE HOUSE AND LESSER RECEPTIONS! THESAMANA BAY COMPANY WANT HELP— Firra Pace. THE CIMBRIC NEW YEAR—AFFAIRS IN PHILA- DELPHIA—FATAL BARROOM FRAGAS~— Tare PacE. ‘TWO CENTURIES BEHIND IN THE MARCH OF PROGRESS! A HERALD CORRESPONDENT VIEWS MOROCCU! BARBAROUS HOSPI- TALITY—SixTH Pace. PROTECT THE BIRDS! THE CONGRESS OF “GREEN INTERNATIONALS” IN VIENNA! AN IMPORTANT APPEAL—SECoND Pacs. THE FINANCIAL BISTORY OF 1873! THE COURSE OF THE VARIOUS MARKETS— PAPER CURRENCY—THE YORKVILLE AND ESSEX MARKET POLICE COURTS—Sgventu Pace. ‘Tum Sremes ov Tax Rarway Evarveens, it now appears, are ended, or, with hardly an ex- ception, are under the control of the several companies concerned. Now, would it not be ‘well for the railway companies generally and their engincers and other employés to hold council together and enter into some general agreement by which the interests of both sides will be secured with the interests of the pub- lic? Between capital and labor, surely, from all these disagreements, the righty and interesta of both sides com be more cheaply secured by re- Piprocal concessions than by war, ** eanvine Inprass.—tt is reported that the Hot Springs and Big Valley Indians, some eight hundred men, womerf 9nd children, in Biskiyou county, California, ave in danger of’ starvation in consequence of heir yegetable ‘means of subsistence being overrw? by cattle ; and we are glad to hear that the Cominissioner ‘of Indian Affairs has authorized a cormmittec io act for the relief of these poor Indians. Fhe committee is composed of respectable men; but if it manages to supply these In @ians with corn, for instance, at a price to the The Pature of the Spanish Republic end Our Kelations with Sp ‘When Salmeron laid down his authority as Chief of the State rather than authorize the infliction of the death penalty, Castelar took the vacated place with the clearly announced object of reconciling the army to the Repub- lic, Yielding to the demands of the army officers he re-established strict military law, and the sentence of death, which had been abolished by the extreme republicans, was again put on the military statutes. If only the army would consent to serve the Republic faithfully he was prepared to shower honors and rewards upon its members. No distinction in future was to be made on ac- count of the political opinions or affiliations of the officers; but Carlist, Alfonsist and republican were to form a happy family under the benevolent government of Castelar, and the honor and glory of old Spain was to be revived under the life giving influence of the Republic. Such were the dreams of the Span- ish orator, carried away into the regions of fancy by a fervid patriotism and an over rich imagination. ‘There were not wanting cool headed friends who saw what the issue of all this brilliant promise would be. The monarchists in and out of the army were only too willing to make an alliance with the Republic which would en- able them to sap its foundations and regain their lost power. The first step necessary was the re-establishment of the severe military laws which would make the monarchical officers masters of the lives of the republican rank and file. They were powerless against the popular government because the troops under the relaxed discipline could not be made to pronounce against the government at the will of military conspirators. The true friends of the Republic warned Castelar against entrust- ing a dangerous power into the hands of men who were known and declared enemies to the cause of republicanism. Bat the warning went unheeded. Castelar was resolved to trust to the honor of the officers of the army, and though no open act of treason has been committed the result has scarcely an- swered his expectations. If only he would consent to the re-establishment of the old severe military laws which had been abro- gated by the republicans, the Alfonsist officers promised that Carlism would soon be suppressed. All the power the military chiefs sought has been granted to them, and yet they have effected nothing. It has beem their aim from the beginning to make the country feel that under the govern- ment of Castelar the suppression of the Carlist war is impossible, and that to restore peace it is necessary to call in a military dictator. To achieve this end the monarchistsand the army officers have worked to embarrass the govern- ment and discredit the Republic. They have made a sham war on Carlism and a constant, untiring war on the Republic. Now they are on the eve of reaping the results of their treacherous conspiracy by the overthrow of the man who trusted in their sense of honor and patriotism. The advent of Serrano will involve the death of the Republic, unless, indeed, he should prove himself a second Thiers, which nobody knowing the man ex- pects. This fact may be glossed over or dis- sembled for a short time; but as soon as the monarchists have secured their hold on the country even the name of a republic will be abandoned and the restoration of the Bour- bons proclaimed. Serrano is well known as the leader of the faction which aims to place the Prince Al- fonse on the throne. During the minority of the Prince the control of the national affairs would remain with the Marshal, who, as head of the army, would be more absolutely master of the situation than ever Prim or O'Donnell had been. The pretence that under Serrano’s government the Republic would be maintained is simply put forth to lull the populace into acceptance of the change until such time as the monarchists will have assured their posi- tion. The policy of Serrano will not be al- ed to depend upon his own whims or con- i He is only the agent of the men who are resolved to raleSpain for their own advan- tage and according to their old despotic no- tions. They call themselves by many names, but they may be classed generally as monarchists, with tendencies towards a centralized military government. It was fear of this faction that drove the intran- sigentes of Cartagena, Cadiz, Malaga and | Seville to arms, because they were resolved not to return to the hateful Mameluke rule under which they had writhed solong. The danger these men foresaw of entrusting high commands to generals who had been the sub- servient tools of despotic governments has been justified by time. Those political schemers in uniform have only proved dan- gerous to the government which trusted them. Before enemies in arms, whether at Cartagena orin Navarre, they have proved themselves the merest bunglers and wholly unfit for the busi- ness of command. But, though unskilfal before an enemy, they can be treacherous to a friend. The consequences of the fall of Castelar will affect strongly the foreign relations of Spain, and our sapient diplomacs at Washington will find that the sacrifices of national dignity they have made in favor of Castelar’s Republic have inseality been made for the benefit of a mili- tary dictator. What will then become of our sympathy for the struggling Republic? In defiance of public opinion the government at Washington has abandoned the republican Cubans, Who for nearly six years have been battling at our very doors for freedom, and gone wandering over the world, offering its cheap and hollow sympathy to those who bad no need of it. The traditional policy of this country, based on the Monroe doctrine, which is the only sound policy for Amerigap interests, has begg abandoned, and mean subterfngs atid humitiathty subservience to foreign States substituted by the Wonderful little statesmen who role over the destiniés ef these United States. With the change of gov- ernment at Madrid will disappear the last | pretence for our benevotent neutrality in | Cuba, and we suppose the government at Washington, true to itd desire to help strag- | gling republies, will deign‘to turn a friendly eye on the-poor Cuban Republic, which has struggled «slong and go manfally for exist- ence. Whatever the people at Washington may desire, the days of the, Spanish Republic government less than twenty-five or thirty | are numbered, and even the greatest efforts of dollars » bushel it will be doing very well, | Castelar will fail to save it, Hs’ has lost the looking to the average costs of feeding ag) fee ater of the Indians raablicin: party by bia coalitia’n with the REW YORK HERALD, fRIDAY, JANUARY 2, 1974. monarchists, and these latter, with traditionary treachery, are only waiting a propitious moment to burl the man from power who saved them from the logical federal Republic and restored to their hands the government of the country they had so long oppressed. Unless the federal republicans appeal to arms against the advent of Serrano to power and by a new revolution defeat the plottings of De Rodas, Serrano and their followers, we may look upon the Spanish Republic asa thing of the past. If it is ovethrown, how- ever, it will only be for a time, as the inevitable return wave will sweep the military conspira- tors once more from the helm. The Prince Alfonso may wear a crown and be called 6 King for a while, but the principles of democ- racy have taken too deep root among the Spanish people to allow thefi ever to settle back contentedly under a stupid and corrupt despotism. Tho leaders of the Spanish re- publicans have made the mistake of acting illogically and trying to build up a republic on expediency. The result is failure. Party Politics and Our City Courts, In another column will be found a manly letter from Recorder Hackett, which is credita- ble to his sense of the unbiassed character which should attach to his Court. The in- dividual who obtains notoriety through the Recorder's letter is some small potato politician who has not studied to any profit the theory of a judiciary untrammelled by party politics. He will scarcely, however, like to find his name in print attached to the epistle in which the criminal court is requested to surrender at sight one deputy clerk and one court officer tothe Twentieth Assembly District Tammany Hall General Committee. The reply of Recorder Hackett will meet the unqualified approbation of all good citizens, including, no doubt, Mr. Tilden, Mr. Kelly and the rest. It is just as well that Dr. Feodor Mierson, and all otherselike him, should learn that there is nothing so baneful to republican institutions as the sys- tem by which a judiciary is forever at the mercy of political harpies. There are some warnings which should not be thrown away on parties, The fall of the compromised judges of this State is fresh in the public mind. It will require some courage on the part of a judge to follow in their footsteps, but political parties must take care that, while the Judge is kept pure, no attempt be made to surround him with demoralizing political tools. Dr. Mierson will not soon forget the lesson which the Recorder has read him, and it will be to the interest, we imagine, of all political committees who come to understand- ings regarding court ‘‘patronage” to give the criminal court a wide berth in their future calculations. The Prevision and Prevention of Fogs. The recent London fog has afforded a very interesting clew to its own philosophy which may enable the Londoners to foresee the misty masks which are so often thrown over the me- tropolis. The latest English papers, contain- ing full weather reports, show that the great fog of the llth, 12th and 13th ult, was ushered in by and was coeval with a large anti- cyclone or aérial wave of high pressure. The connection between the area of high barometer and the fog area conclusively shows that the latter is the physical effect of the former—a fact which suggests how the prevision or fore- cast of fogs is practicable. When Sir Hum- phrey Davy descended the Danube in 1818 he observed that the fog was formed during the night, when the temperature of the air on shore was from three to six degrees lower than that of the stream, but when the sun rose and the temperatures were brought to an equality the enveloping mist was immediately dissipated. The artificial heat ofa city and the warmth of its contiguous river bed increase the humidity of the air, and when the cold anticyclone comes over it the moisture is copiously condensed. The same conditions which brought about the London fogs occasion our own fogs. The only difference is this, that while the British fogs follow the arrival of high barom- eter cold waves from the east—Scandinavia and Bussia—our New York and New England fogs are induced by similar waves from Canada and the northwest. It is obvious that were these facts generally understood our citizens and coast seamen, by a little examination of the barometer and thermometer, might, un- aided by the scientific reports, predict the dangerous fogs and make preparations aecord- ingly. The London Times, in commenting on the late enshrouding of the British metropolis, suggests that if the heating apparatus used in the city were required to be smoke consuming the dense opacity of the fogs might be pre- vented and the municpal phenomenon thus robbed of its terrors. The idea, if practi- cable, is certainly philosophical; for there can be little doubt that the opacity of fogs is largely due to the mass of coal dust, smoke and other dust floating or suspended in the mist. If to some such expedient for deliver- ing the sir of these impurities—which also greatly deteriorate public health—by smoke consuming stoves and furnaces the drainage and dryness of the streets were better secured the effects of the fog would be comparativel; Joszrpa Ancu WanTep in New Zeatanp.— The Department of Immigration in New Zealand has extended an invitation to Mr. Joseph Arch, the famous agent of the agricul. tural laborers of England, requesting him to Visit that country and ¢xsmine pnd report upon its resources. It is only 4 few days since Mr. Arch bad an interview with Premiet Glad- stone. Mr. Arch was recently in this country, and it is well known that he went home highly impressed with the excellence of our institu- tions and the vastness of our resources. It would seem from the latest news that the British government is determined to do its | best to keep a firm hold of its people, even if they will leave their homes. Mr. Joseph Arch has become a power in the land. It is possible that the government is of the opinion that his influence may be more usefully ex- erted abroad than at home. Tar Repvsric m France just now aptly illustrates the fact that ‘power is always stealing from the many to the few." The Re- public in Spain is evidently drifting to a sort of provisional monarchy. Between the mon- archists and the republicans, however, neither France nor Spain can say that peace is as- sured or that the devisive battle has bean fought Useful Birds—A Viemna Congress o.* Their Protection. We have published from time to time the proceedings of various conferences of learned men at Vienna, drawn together there dur- ing the late Industrial Exposition. Con- spicuous among those reported was that of the Congress on the vital subject of the protection and cultivation of forests. We give to our readers today the pro- ceedings of another Congress, in the same imperial city—a Congress of the Green Internationals, or Land and Forest COul- tarists, on the protection of useful birds, to which we would especially call the attention of the planters, farmers and gardeners of the United States, inasmuch as to them these are instructive proceedings, particularly the ad- dress of Dr. Brehm of Berlin. The learned Doctor's suggestions and the resolutions of the Congress on the subject will, toa great extent, apply as well to the United States of America as to Austria and the other States of Europe. Our people have been and are as reckless and thoughtless as the Europeans in the destruction of useful birds, and the general ignorance concerning them, of which Dr. Brehm complains, is not limited to the eastern side of the Atlantic. It is only, we may say, since the intro- duction of the English sparrow into our city parks that our people have had their atten- tion directly called to the usefulness of insect- destroying birds. But seoing is believing, and we know, from their invaluable services, that these sparrows to this city are worth more than their weight in gold. We have several varieties of handsomer and more pleasantly musical native sparrows than these Anglo- Saxons; but as they build their nests in the bushes, or among the leafy branches of low trees, or under a sheltering shrub or brier on the ground, they are not adapted to city life. They should, however, be protected in the country, for they, too, sre industrious worm destroyers. So are the mocking bird, the thrush, the catbird and the robin (Robin goodfellow), and they are fine singers, all of them—the hving poetry of the woods and fields, And so is the soft warbling blue bird, herald of the spring. And so is the Baltimore oriole, in his brilliant orange and black court costame; a musician, too, whose sparkling, silvery voice carries with it the inspiration of a bright May morning. Nor must we omit from this legion of honor: little Jonny Wren and her loving spouse, who, in and around the cosey box or gourd under the eaves of the farmer's kitchen, with their merry chorus and their industrious labors for their numerous family, are happy as the day islong. And a valuable servant is that never- tiring little hero, in his suit of silver gray, the king bird, ever ready to maintain against all” comers his right to the locust tree, inherited from his fathers. He and his mate build among its loftiest branches, for they can hold their summer cottage against even the hawk or the eagle, The king bird disdains to feed upon the ground, but, like the swift-winged swallow, he gathers from the air the supplies for himself and his royal family. He should be esteemed an ornament to every country home, and yet the farmer too often connives at his destruction, upon the flimsy pretext that he is a bee eater. Our swallows, includ- ing the sociable, purple house martin, the chimney swallow, the barn swallow and the little fellows who, in the side of a river bluff, asinso many rat holes, establish their colo- nies, are among our useful birds, as destroyers of noxious flies and mosquitoes. Among the grub eaters, notwithstanding their bad name as pullers of the sprouting corn, the crow and the blackbird render ser- vices to the farmer which have never been properly recognized. Extermination is the general order against them, when, per- haps, there is hardly a farmer in the country who bas not seen crows and blackbirds fol- lowing in ¢he wake of the plough to feast upon the worms and grubs turned out with the soil. A similar stupid prejudice prevails against many useful birds as fruit eaters, and among those outlawed is the woodpecker, in all his varieties, but particularly the golden-winged and the red-headed avoodpecker. The chief subsistence of fellows is the toothsome rub which they extract by chiselling often from the very heart of the trunks of our forest and orchard trees; but as in the cherry season asingle woodpecker, in the way of dessert, may consume a penny’s worth of cherries, he is under the ban. To remove all these sense- less prejudices against our useful birds we agree with Dr. Brehm that proper instructions concerning them must be carried into our common schools, and so we commend the idea to all our boards of education. But we have not yet exhausted even the classes of our useful birds. Our night birds— for example, of the owl family—are great con- sumers of rats, mice and other vermin, although from the general onslaught made upon the favorite of Minerva by other birds, when he is caught abroad in the daylight, it is evident they have their unsettled accounts against him. But the whippoorwill and the nighthawk are perfectly harmless, while in their destruction of nocturnal moths and other insects they are, j enough colony of toads in his garden; for if the whippoorwill_» to be attracted to the aqudtter’s cabin after’ nightfall it is because the cabin’s lights attract the nocturnal insects which attract the bird in search of his supper. Lastly, as insect-devouring birds, in their specialty of worms and grasshoppers, the turkey, the chicken and the guinea-keet bea? away the palm. The grouse family, including the prairie chicken, may be counted in this | class of useful birds. The planters employ the turkey in Maryland in gleaning from their growing plants the horrid tobacco worm; and who has not witnessed the delight and excite- ment of the barnyard hen in the discovery + and pursuit of a grasshopper? What a field, then, lies open to our poultry raisers in the | vast, undeveloped, grasshopper-infested re- | gions of the Great West! What a field for Thanksgiving supplies! In the first year after the settlement of the Mormons at Great Salt Lake their growing crops were threatened with destruction by myriads. of monstrous bottle-nosed crickets, when, from the moun- tainous rocky islands of the lake, clonds of little gulls descended upon the crickets and maintained the battle for the saints, from day to day, till they gavo the saints the victory. And the sea gull is not esteemed a useful bird. But the Mormons have learned the value of tha ban epd the tusker: and. more- nS fom in making glad fhe solitary place, and | of the press are necessarily limited; but tha’ in making the desert to blossom like the rose, letter of our correspondent will place in strong, ,.7 their nomerous shade trees and orchards | relief the daily habits of the people and the the,” have made it musical with birds. Wo fatal effects of their short-sighted exclusive- 1 the motion of the Vienna Congress for the prot ‘ction of useful birds. rosed Patent Convention. The ness on their political institutions, Scatter Toe Portugues; GoveaNMunr AND TES AsuanTEE Exeprrion.—The Portuguese gov- The difficulty °f Obtaining protection for | ernment, from some cause or other, seems to American invent i” many veniam 1 a matter of serious poole gg tage Rea Efforts have been made time ann’ - again, in straggling, desultory way, !2° gecute the adoption of » well-considered international lsw by the European States in agreen‘ent with the United States. The clashing of rin’! interests has so far prevented the adoption of any international arrangement. At Vienna, however, the proposition was well received by the interests affected, and a strong effort is about tobe made in this country to have a broad and efficient plan of protec- tion adopted by American inventors which could be submitted for universal accept- ance. Our system of patent protec- tion possesses many advantages over that of other countries, but, in common with them, has many defects, Tho healthy influence of just protection to inventors has borne excellent fruit in our own case. In no other country has the law’ so carefully guaranteed the rights of the inventor to whatever he could claim as originated by himself, and tho result has been most satis- factory. Assured of reaping the reward of their labor American inventors have been able to work with a will and devote themselves with enthusiasm to the realization of their ideas, It is owing to this encouragement and fostering care that inventions among us have multiplied with such wonderful rapidity. It is now argued with ch force that a general international arrang: tt would serve the interests of inventors in all countries, while the present system only serves to limit the usefulness and the profitableness of all classes of inventions. In this aspect the question presents features of interest to the public, who desire to avail themselves of the aid of all useful discoveries. We especially are affected, because whatever replaces manual labor has for us a special importance. Rocky Mo ain Meteorology—An Im- portant Problem To Be Solved. The Weather Bureau has recently oceupied the lofty summit of Pike’s Peak for its pur- poses of weather telegraphy. This eminence— fourteen thousand two hundred and sixteen feet above the ocean—is an admirable post for the meteorological sentries, as well by reason of its location as of its altitude. One of the most important problems of weather science now is to ascertain how far land masses pro- jecting above sea level are concerned in gene- rating the great storm centres. Mount Wash- ington, looking out on tho sea, might finely subserve the study of this interesting subject, but that any influence or agency it may exert in producing storms is hard to detect, since every storm near by quickly disappears to the eastward and is heard of only out on the Atlantic, But Pike’s Peak, rising in the middle of the Oontinent and lying in the great belt of westerly winds, must, with a little observation, make its agency clearly felt and perceived by the observers of the Signal Service stationed upon it. The specific problem to which we refer (viz, how far mountainous masses or peaks are to be considered as storm breeders) is exceed- ingly important to all the future settlers of the Rocky Mountain States and Territories, It is known to mariners rounding Cape Horn that the icy, projecting points of Patagonia and Terra del Fuego, as they arrest the vapor-laden westerly winds, rapidly condense them, and thus originate the furious and continuous gales that rage off that promontory. True re- volving gales are there formed and sweep with such enormous speed to the eastward that a clipper ship (the Sovereign of the Seas, in March, 1853) has been known to ron upon one of them for 4,505 nautical miles in sixteen days, during the first twelve of which she averaged 311 miles a day, and on one day actually made 411 miles. Although it has been sometimes said ‘‘the storm is the child of the ocean,” the real agent in originating these gales is undoubtedly the frigid land mase, which suddenly squeezes out of the at- mosphere the drenching and torrential rains, and thus begets the low barometer. Over the entire latitude of California and Oregon simi- lar wind phenomena prevail as in the Pata- gonian latitudes. Northwesterly and westerly winds, freighted and surcharged with vapor from the North Pacific, sift through the passes of the Rocky Mountains, and as they encoun- ter the mighty ice-sheeted pyramids like Pike’s Peak they are rapidly condensed, and thus the nuclei of storms and snow tempests are formed. To clear up the philosophy of the Rocky Mountain storms has been the ambition of many eminent American and European scientific travellers. Undoubtedly it will be found that, among these lofty ‘pinnacles of cold sublimity,’’ the storm king has his great loboratories, in which he manufactures the weather for jhe Mississippi Valley and the Castern” side ‘of dur Continent. The Rocky Mountain country, while often rising so gredually that the traveller ives his ascent only by the fall of the mercury his ther- mometer, is lined by many rampart-like ridges, pursuing the direction north of west and sof¥h of east, and presenting their axial fronts to the prevailing vapor-bearing winds. It wogld seem very clear, therefore, that, by investigating the law of the Rocky Mountain storms, the information would guide the settler in the selection of the best watered lands and the localities best suited for mining, pas- turage and tillage. As this subject lies at the bottom of our whole continental meteorology it ought to be fully investigated. Tux State or Morocco.—The picture given in snotber column of the social and politi- cal life of the Moorish Empire cannot fail to interest our readers, Situated within sight of Europe, and inhabited by a race of men once foremost in the arts of civilized life, Morocco is, perbaps, less known to the onter world than the interior of bar- barous Africa. The jealousy and fanaticism of the inhabitants have eut off their country from intercourse with Christendom, and little is known of their social habits or political organizations by the general public. Among & people so little disposed to admis foreigners have grown unfriendly to England. For the best part of this century England has been the friend and protector of Portugal, and it is not too much to say that but for England Por- tugal long ago would have ceased to be kingdom or an independent territory under any name, An order has been issued by the Portuguese government directing that all vessels arriving at Portuguese ports from the ‘West Coast of Africa shall be placed in quar- a tine. The real object of this order ig to clae the ports of Madeira against the sick soldia, 7 belonging to the Ashantee expedition. This is, Tther ax\ unkindly act. It is unkindly not only’ .ecause England has done much for Portugal, ba't because Madeira is mainly sup- ported by English gold, With such oppodi- tion Lord Palme ‘ston would have made short work. Mr. Glade 2¢ with all his excellent qualities, is not a Lod Palmerston. Neither is Mr. Disraeli. The’ grand old stock of British statesmen seems’? have died out, Cexesnation or New Yeas Day.—Yestere day in this city was beantiful a to the weather and brilliant in its social aspects> The streeta were in a comparatively good condhtiot\ and the air was as mild almost as summer, these favorable conditions the people at’ largw were clearly disposed to make the most of the occasion. Calls were made with character istic energy, and the day was perhaps never more assiduously honored in this particular, and it is pleasant to know that a good custom does not lose ground with us as we grow older. Though the streets were thronged from an early hour there was no violation of publie propricty and no drunkenness. In Washing: ton the day was observed by the usual routing of formal visits to the President, and ther also the weather was fine, PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. John C. Breckinridge is spoken of as 8 candidate for Governor of Kentucky. . Ex-Governor 0. A. Hadley, of Arkansas, ia Stay: ing at the St. Nicholas Hotel. ° Governor elect Kemper, of Virginia, is about te wed a lady ot Rappahannock. Ex-Congressman James S, Pike, of Maine, has arrived at the Westmoreland Hotel. State Treasurer F. 8. Cardozo, of South Carolina, yesterday arrived at the Westmoreland Hotel. AMr. Sexbury has just died in Jefferson county, this State, after an intemperate career of 11 years. captain W. L. Marshall, of the Engineer Corps, United States army, 18 quartered at the Hoffman House. Ex-Governor Alexander H. Bullock, of Mass» chusetts, has apartments at the Union Square Hotel. Ernest Ohariton, of the Fifty-fifth regiment, British army, ts among the recent arrivals at the Brevoort House. ‘ Mrs, William Stamps, sister of Jefferson Davig, died at Woodville, Miss., recently. Mr. Davis ia now the only survivor of the family. Coffee has gone up seven cents a pound, on ac- count, it is said, of the establishment of a total ab- stinence club on the Grand Boulevard. -Prince Constantin de Soutzo, who fled from Paris owing to the recent duel and the death of his adversary, has taken refuge at Luxembourg. Cateb Cushing, althongh asfcitizen of Massachu- setts, was appointed from Virginia, having a tarm near Alexandria, where ne has acquired a rest dence. The wedding of Captain Manningham Buller and Lady Anne Coxe, daughter of the Eart of Leicester, will take place at Holkham, Norfolk, early in January. In case Samuel Hooper resigns his place as men» ber of Congress from the Fourth Massachusetts district, it is reported Collector Russell will be elected to fill the vacancy. General Horatio Jenkins has been ¢entenced to six months’ imprisonment for embezzling govern. ment fundsin Florida, snd to stand committed until the amount ($20,209 59) 1a paid. “Charlie” Noble, one of the asblest practica) railroad men in the country, and universally esteemed, died of a lingering iliness at his reat- dence, on Bergen Heights, last Saturday. The Philadelphia Press pronounces the appoint- ment of Caleb Cushing as Minister to Spain the very best that could possibly be made. Such is the reverberated sentiment all over the Union. Rumors have been in circulation since the ar rival of the last mail from the gold coast in Eng- land that the relations between Sir Garnet Wolse- ley and Captain Glover are not satisfactory. The Chattanooga (Tenn.) 7¥mes but reiterates the general sentiment when it says that ‘Oom- mander Braine deserves the thanks of the nation for his timely interserence in behalf of the Vir- ginius captives.” Anumber of young ladies out West having de- termined not to marry a man who uses tobacco in any form, the young men of the piace have come toaresolution not to marry any lady who uses. cotton in any “form.” Isaac Farneman has been sentenced to thres. years’ imprisonment in the State Prison and for- ever disqualified from holding any office of trust or profit for embezzling $40,000 of the people's money while treasurer of Carroll county, Indians. ‘The real estate of the late Governor Pickens, of South Carolina, has been sold at auction, Mra. Pickens peing the purchaser. The Edgewood or homestead tfact, 3,600 acres, was bid off at $5,000; the Grove tragg, 1,300 acres, at $8,000, and the Savannah River tract, 2,100 acres, at $13,100, At the last meeting of the Edinburgh Towa Council it was resolved that on the occasion of the marriage of the Duke of Edinburgh there will bea corporation banquet at noon and a public banquet at night. The Council chambers and Castle bar- Tacks will be illuminated, @ bonfire will be lighted on Arthur's Seat, and the managers of the pubiio institutions and banks are to be requested to illuminate such buildings. ‘There has taxon pee’ in Engiana s magnificent christening, at the mn and tWo royal Princesses were present at the parents’ house. A live dean, even the Dean of Windsor, held the baby and performed the ceremony. The interesting little tady—for it is a female—is named Victoria Brown, daughter of Mr. Archibald Brown, one of the servants of the late Prince Albert and brotaer to the very familiar iriend of all newspeper corre- spondenta—John Brown, ‘the faithful giltie.” THE BROWNESVILLE RAILWAY AOCIDENT List of the Killed and Injured. CrnoInnatt, Jan. 1, 1874, The following are the names ot the killed and in- jured at the accident near Brownesville, Ind., on the Cincinnati, Hamilton ana Indianapolis Rail road, which occurred last night :— Jonn A. Line, of Connersville, Ind., killed, Charles Chester, of Lebanon, Ohio, probably fatally injured. A little child of Mr, Chester wae killed and his wife and two other childrem were slightly injured. John W. Naylor, of Blooming Grove, Ind., seriously injured on head and breast, William Humphreys, of Fleming county, Ky,, tongue and face cut and face badly braised. Hannah E. Mattis, of Sandnill, Mo,, slighty im jared, Sarah Steol, of Clayton, Ill, slightly Injured, The Rev, S. B, Falkenburg, of Imdianapoiis, slightly injured. ‘The injured were removed to Connersville. where very attention ig being shown them.