The New York Herald Newspaper, June 14, 1873, Page 4

4 four orso. During this brief space seme of the Guantanamo troops, under Lieutenant Celonel Sil- verio Prado, joined us. The vigilant and breakfast, yess Cubans soen resumed the line of march to- wards the Cauto, which we made by ten o'clock, about an hour anda half, perhaps, after the Span- fards—whose tracks were fresh upon the road— had passed that point, they going eastward in the irection of Santiago, and the Cubans westward to resume their old positions, as if nothing had hap- pened. We discovered various signs of . THE SPANIARDS HAVING SUfFERED in the actions of yesterday (Pedregaion) and of the 23d (Dos Bocas), such as stretchers abandoned along the road, bloody bandages, &c. On the roadside we found the dead body of a Cuban Named Francisco Forres. He was lying on his face, with his head toward us. The arch of the skull was literally made chips of by a sword or machete, the brains lying exposed in a revolting mass in the cavity. GUE EYES WERE COMPLETELY AND CLEANLY TORN FROM THEIR SOCKETS aud gone, The right side was bloody, as though the dead man hed received a thrust of asword or machete, There was 10 visible sign of pain on the countenance of the dead. I have been particular in describing these circumstances, for it ts al- leged—and 1am inclined to believe it—that this is only one example of the way in which the Spaniards mutilate the dead fallen in battle, It might be said that the eyes of this body were picked out by the buzzards, as thousands of these unsightly birds were hovering everywhere about the camp; but this is not likely. Birds of prey fasten upon that part of the body easiest of access and softest to peck. They should, therefore, have attacke’l (he brain in this case, ‘Lo get at the eyes that were pretty close to the ground the bird must mount upon the head, which it could not do with- out leaving tracks, as it must have touched the blood or brains, There were no such tracks, nor any appearance of the body having been touched since, lifeless and eyeless, it fell to the ground. The Spaniards must, therefore, have committed this horrible deed of mutilation, The dead man’s friends told me that he was a cripple through sick- mess and had not carried arms for more than a year; that he must have gone down to the river to drink, and could not get out of the way when the Spaniards were passing. s THE SPANISH FORCE. 1 Inthe course of the day—stit nothing to eat— the camp where the Spaniards halted at last night was passed. I carcfully noted its extent and Appearance, and helieve the troops must have been about 600 infantry, 100 cavairy and two pieces of artillery—very close on 800 men, Of this itis be- Neved that only 500 menand the two guns were engaged with the Cubans on the 23d, while these could not have had more than 150 rifemen; but yesterday the whole 800 must have attacked Pedre- galon, where there were less than in Dos Bocas, because of the escort sent on the night of the 24th with the foragers—say 120 men. Thus the Spaniards had concentrated all their available forces irom the districts of Holguin, Jiguani and Santiago, hoping to annihiiate the | Cubans. The result was tivo Cubans killed aud four wounded (two in yesterday's fight). Add to this that the Cubans at once marched back to | occupy the positions they hal before the actions, and an idea may be formed of how muci the Span- jards gained by their operations. On the night of the 20th I dined with General Gar- | Cia on a luxurious meal of sweet POTATOES AND CALABASHES BOILED IN LEMON WATER, and nothing more, Alter this night there was no more hunger incamp. The foragers now began to do their duty without danger. We camped in the ‘woods near Pedregaion. Colonel Maséo with his troops, who as we have seen were operating on the soutn side of the Cauto, near Caridad, joined us next day on our march to Guayacan, From the 2ist to the 26th Mas¢o had engaged the Spaniards six times with an aggregate of twelve men wounded, and liad destroyed much of the tele- graph line. On the 27th the camp was finally moved to La Yaya, where it remained—nexr the sweet potato beds—till I left on the 2d of April for the camp of Cespedes. ‘The troops now concentrated in camp | numbered, I was informed, about eight hundred men, including the command of Colonel Limbano Sanchez, who had just returned [rom destroying the , great plantation of Santa Lucia, near Gibara. Its owners were paying a coutribution of $400 per month for Spanish protection. A courier from Mo- desto Diaz arrived on the south, bringing news that he had ‘DEFEATED A LARGE ESCORT, and captured many valuable Spanish papers and documents; also that the volunteers oi Calisto and | Congo had passed over to the Cubans, bringing their armis and ammunition with them. The next day came a party from Las Tuas with news that a | captain of volunteers and eleven soldiers had | passed over to the Cubans, bringing sixteen rites. | A messenger arrived from folguin with news that | | the column encountered hy the Cubaus on the 23d | had returned with twenty wounded, It was com- posed of troops from there and Jiguani. The same | day there also arrived a detachment of troops that had been sent to the coast | TO RECEIVE ARMS AND AMMUNITION | from General Jesus Perez. I saw the material my- | self when it came into camp. The same day are- | turning detachment that had been in commission Rear Bayamo brought in word that the Spaniards had abandoned the campsof Areuas and Savana la Mar, thus leaving undefended a line of fifty | leagues. The General was in the midst of new | combinations on what he termed a grand scale, and was desirous that Ishould stay to see them carried out. Tha: constantly kept in his view my | ardent desire of not losing a day on my march to the residence of the government, and again re- Minded him of his repeated promises to send me by the firstopportunity, lic said that I might go in two or three days. I had learned in repeated conversations with | Generals Garcia, Calvar and iwany others of the Principal officers what their views are upon the final decision of the question they defend and also yon that of annexation, Still i was destrous to get a formal declaration of sentiment om these points from the chief oficers of the camp. The evening of the 39th of March presented a good chance to elicit several valuable opinions, and I availed myseif of the hour. In the rancho of Colonel Masco were assembled General Garcia, Colouel Ma retary of War), Mr. Ignacio Mora (¢x-Secrets anda goodly number of officers of the stat® aud line, It was admitted that in questions connected with the war all concurred in the ¢ "8 ideas; but upon that of annexation each one reserved his individual opinion, I, therefore, proceeded to in- terview the General as foliows:— INTERVIEW WITH GENERAL GARCTA. CORRESPONDENT—Now that there is a republic in Spain, do you think, General, that there is a proba- bility of this war coming soon to an end? General Gancia—I don’t sec how the change can much affect the continuance of the war, The republicans in Spain are Spaniards bejore every- thing; the most liberal of them, telar, says 80, and it is likely that their policy towards Cuba Wu not be much better than that of the mon- archists. CORRESPONDENT—But at least the new govern- ment are bound before the worlt on the question of slavery and they must give cmoncipation to the | blacks, | General Gancia—After the revolution which dethroned Isabella a law Of gradmal emancipation | ‘was passed in the Corres, but the slave owners have paid no aitention to it, so that the decree is a@dead iotier, It is the Casino Espafoi and the Sociedad de Haciendados, wot the government in | Madrid or the Captain General, that rule the isiand, ‘These pro-siavery capitalists use profusely the corrupting influence of money, and by that means cau do everything they please. But tie granting of emancipation—which is all that Span- | dards could give us—would IN NO WAY ALTER THE ASPECT OF THE STRUGGLE. The Cubans have already done that. The only thing that can satisfy us is the recognition of our independence from the mother country. Coxersvonpent—But, General, this war has con- tinnea for years,and the Cubans have not been able to establish a government in any fixed point, which Joaves an impression of great weakness in (Be mind’ Of other nations | since the beginning of our strug; | in a ve | day. | The NEW YORK Genera! GARotA—I know it; but the system of warfare that we have adopted will not admit of us at present directing all our efforts to defend a useless Capital, the possession of which would not bring us advantages commensurate with the sacri- fices necessary to acquire it. At the outbreak of the revolution we were completely ignorant of Military affairs, and had no armé or ammunition. Experience and arms we are getting from the enemy, but we are not yet in a position to meet his weill-supplied armies in the field. Our orgamiza- tion, as you see, is yet in its infancy. We are DESTITUTK OF ARTILLERY, or of troops that know how to use it, so that it would be madness for us yet to think of delivering formal batties, Ifthe United States had treated us With any sort of fairness 11 might have been differ- ent; but their pretended neutrality was al! on the side of Spain, whom they allowed to build gun- boats and ship large quantities of aruis to Kill re- publicans and perpetuate slavery, while the Ou- bans would not be permitted (o buy or ship a rille. Since the death of General Rawius tue United States, that have always had so much of our sym- pathy and respect, are treatiug us with cruelty and injustice, ANNEXATION, CORRESPONDENT—What do you think, General, of the question of annexation? General Garcia—At one time av majority of the Cubans were in favor of annexing the island to the United States, andeveu now the greater part of them would vote for suck a measure; but our overtures have peen treated with silent contempt in Washington, and that course by America has disappointed the expectations of (he Cubans and chilled their enthusiasm for the measure, At one time I was @ warmer supporter of the idea of an- nexXation than [am now; still, as a measure of con- venience by which my country would be likely to profit and prosper I would give my adhesion to it, and there are many others who feel the same way on the subject. But whatever may be the fate of the island we can have NO RECONCILIATION WITH SPAIN. CorRESPONDENT—Do you think, General, that the Cubans, having acquired their independence, could establish a slable form of government? Would there be no danger of intestine wars originating in personal ambitions? General Garcra—I think the Cubans would not fall into the misfortune of other countries formerly belonging to Spain, They would (ake warning by St. Domingo, Venezuela and the rest. The Cubans area very docilo and easily governed people. A proof of this lies in the that although our gov- ernment has no physical means to enforce its de- crees or to check the ambitions of men at the head of troops, yet there has not occurred a single act of insubordination towards the Executive, nor an atfempt to usurp the attributes of the President, NUMERICAL SUPERIORITY OF THE NEGRORS. CoRRESPONDENT—The negroes having a vote and being in the majority, is there no danger, General, of their getting the upper hand of the whites, rant way, and so bringing about a war of races? General Garcia—There is not the remotest danger bh a thing happening. The blacks, being have just as much interest in the progress and as the whites. The; ‘e treated with perfect political equality, and all the offices are | open to them, thus leaving no room for discontent, But, apart from other considerations, the superior | mtelligence of the whites would infallibly give them the preponderance of power, ‘hen the numerical difference between the two races is in- significant, the whites being over 600,000 and the Diacks 800,000, CORRESPONDENT—What is the reason, General, that greater numbers of the slaves do not avail them- selves of the Cuban proclamation of emancipation by passing over to your lines? eral GaRcra.—The greater portion of the yehoiling interests are in the Vuclto Abajo, There the revolution, sla the Western Department. for want of arms on our part, has not established | itself, The slaves are well watched and kept in ignorance of what passes—just as in the South during the American rebellion—and cannot escape. In the Bastern Department and Cama- guay, where the Cuban banner waves, slavery is practically abolished, the slaves coming over to us whenever they can get the chance. But we do not want them in great numbers just now, for, having no arms to place in their hands, and provisions being scarce, they would be tather a burden than an assistance to us. THE INHUMAN WAR, ESPONDENT.—This wav has been conducted y inhuman manuer, General; the outside world blames sometimes the Spaniards and some- times the Cubans for treating prisouers, and cven the dead, in the mest barbarous way, General Garcia—The Cuban goyerament has several limes made overtures to the Spaniards to have the kiling of prisoners stopped, but our good intentious they attributed to fear, continuing to butcher our people whenever they fell into their hands, saying at the samo time that WE DARED NOY KILL A SPANIARD. This course on their part necessarily led to retalia- tion on ours, and so the matter has continued, But © | the Spaniards have habitually indulged in disgrace- fui mutilations of the dead, all through, since the beginning of tue war, and inthe murder of de- fenceless women aud children. We would shrink with horror from committing such barbarities. True, we have kilied Spaniards, but only in con- formity witu the laws of war. We have never made war against women and children and NEVER HAVE MUTILATED THE BODIES OF THE DEAD, as is the practice of the Spaniards, C PONDENT—What do you think, General, | about the continuance of the war? WAR PROSPECTS. General Gancta—Why, that it must go on until we are free or exterminated. But in the end we must triumph. We are getiing stronger every In the time of Valmaseda we were hard pushed—we bad few arms and hardly any ammuni- | tion—so that we could not returm the fire of the soluiers, then so numerous that we could not get a | We fled to the most inaccessible | moment's rest, parts; many died of hunger, and others, to escape starvation, presented themselyes to the Spaniards, But the troops, too, suffered greatly, and, their losses not being replaced, they were not abie to cover the same ground as formerly, Then we got soie arms and again faced our enemies. We are very well satisfed with our present condition, though, of course, if we had plenty of arms and aim- munition we could do all things, We can CARRY ON THE WAR AS LONG AS WE WIAH, Spaniards, who are spending more than four millions of dollars a month to keep up this War, Cannot always continue to do 80, especially as the debt of the island is not allowed to be con- sidered a part of thatof Spain, Outside of the island they cannot borrow on the eredit of Cuba, aud inileven their friends, the slaveholders, are getting tired and exhausted. Then the rapid DEPRECIATION OF CUBAN-SPANISH SECURITIES will bring about a crisis and a crash, when the | penniless Spaniards will be obliged to evacuate the isiand. How long tt will be I cannot teil, but this must soon come about. After the interview bad ceased quite a number of the officers around expressed their adhesion to the doctrine of annexation, and those who did not say so looked ag if they, too, Would like to see it consummated. OFF TO CESPEDYS. Everytuing being ready for the marcn, | was , delighted to know that this afternoon, the 2d of Apri}, the escort would be on hand, and we could set out at once for the camp of Cespedes, The escort consisted Of a captain and six men. “THE SUM OF ALL es Slavery in Caba=Letter from the British and Foreign AntisSlavery Society on the SubjecteThe Inaction of the Eng- lish Government Censured. The \ollowing is a copy of a letter received in this city by Mr. Scottron, which tells its own story of sympathy for downtrodden Cw BRITISH AND FOREIGN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY, 1 ip, 21 NEW BROAD STREKT, LONDON, May 30, 1 To Mr, SAMUEL ER, ScorrroN, Chairman of the Anti-Slavery Committee, 62 towers, New Yor! My Dear Sit—Your letter of Mareh 17, with the enclosures, reached this oMice and was laid before the committee in due cours With you and your ComMiutors they roaliag buat Lie luglory Of the past VILLANIES.”’ | chronicled nd all the signsot the present time compel them to believe that the success of the 5 jh arms, under the inspiration of the slaveocracy, means bay slavery. bry have viewed, with pro- und grief, the failure of the Spanish in proclaiming immediate emancipation when they brought forward the Porto Rico aboli- tion bill; they regard also with much lef the inaction of un insist! on the fulfilment Treaty rights, under which they have a right to claim the liberty (immediate and unconditional) of nearly every slave now in the Island of Cuba. Many of our friends are convinced that if the British government had spoken oat ina manly spurs and demanded the emancipation of every slave now illegally held, slavery would have been Swept away. The committee mourn to behold the fearially bloody contest now going on in Cuba. ‘The atroci- ties committed by the Spanish soldiers and the re- taliation on the part of the oppressed, cruelly wronged Cuban patriots, are heartrendiug. The four years’ sanguinary, heartless course of the volunteers and Spanish soldiers has been a viola- tion of all the laws of humanity, while the resist- ance and opposition of the patriots have been allost unexampled. | HONOK TO THE CUBAN REPUBLIC. The fact that the Cuban party has made the im- mediate liberation ofevery slave—the personal, in- violable liberty of every man, woman and child ta Cuba one of the articles of their constitution, is ef deep intcrest to the committee, but the constitu- tion of the society forbids them to employ any means which are not “moral, religious and pacific in character,” and hence they are unable to re- spond to your invitation to ask the British gov- ernment to grant belligerent rights to the Cubsn patriots. The committee will be most happy to assist in any way which is in harmony with the fundamental article of the society to destroy 4 system which has been so traly described as “the sum of all villanies;” but they are unable to sec- ond your proposition. With Christian respects L am, yours truly, BENJAMIN MILLARD, Secretary. YACHTING NOTES. wreaths aA The following document explains itself:— New Yor, June 13, 1873, , C. A. MinTON, Esq., Secretary N.Y¥.Y.U, DEAR Sirn—Mr, Waller, the owner of the sloop yacht Gracie, notified a member of the Regatta Committee on Sunday (tuat having been the earlt- est opportunity he haa of doing so), that there was no member of the club on board his yacht on Fri- day last when the regatta was sailed, The com- mittee consequently awards the time allowance sloop prize to the sloop yacht Vixen. Yours re- spect full FLETCHER WESTRAY, WILLIAM KREBS, EDWARD E, CHASE, The members of the Brooklyn Yacht Club have decided to start on their annual cruise on July 19. The cruise will embrace @ sail up the Sound, through Fisher’s Channel as far a3 Newport, call- ing at several ports on the way. The annual regatta of the Long Island Yacht Ciub will be sailed on June 18, at Gowanus Bay. Commodore Frank Bates is making extensive pre- parations for their annual celebration. The schooner yacht Cho, N.Y.Y.C., Messrs, Asten and Bradhuwrst, will soon be afloat, Mr. Carll has completed his work in a scientific and masterly style. ‘The annual cruise of the New York Yacht Club will commence about August 10, The fect will muster well this year, with such schooners as the Regatta Committee, | Alarm, Palmer, Madgie, Resolute, Foam, Enchant- usurping all the offices, ruling in their own igno- | ress, Dreadnaught, Terolinta, Rambler, Columbia, iva, Magic, Idler, Peerless, Halcyon, Restiess, Madeleine, Tidal Wave, &c., and the sloops Vision, je, West Wind, Kate, Alert, Josie and others. he June regatta of the New York Canoe Club will be sailed on Saturday, June 21. The officers of the club are:—Commodore, M, Roosevelt Schuyler ; Vice Commodore, G. Livingston Morse; Secretary, W. L. Aiden; Treasurer, J. 8. Mosher; Correspond- ing Secretaty, J. H. Kidder, and Measurer, W. '. ell, The Regatta Committee are Messrs. J. sher, W. L. Alden and Montgemery Sciuy! ‘Thirteen canoes are entered for the regatta. ‘The annual cruise of the Atlantic Yacht Club will commence cn August 2, Commodore J. P. Max- well will command the squadron in person, and with such an enthusiastic yachtsman in the lead there will corey, be a large fleet to follow. ‘The annual regatta of the Jersey City Yacht Club will be sailed on June 23, ‘There is considerabie anxiety in yachting circles to witness a match between the Vision and Meta. These two flyers will probably sail together for a cup early next month. ‘The steam yacht B. E, Mallory, fifteen tons measurement, Was launched carly this week from the yard of James S. Dean, of 56 South street. She belongs to the Brooklyn Yacht Club, The Williamsburg Yacht Club hold their annual excursion to-morrow. The members anticipate a good time. ‘ihe Magic and Dreadnaught matcn is still on the tapis, but no day has yet been named, ‘The following passed Whitestone yesterday after- noon :— Steam yacht Julia, N.Y.Y.C., Mr. Smith, from New York for Stamford, Yacht Fleur de Lis, N.Y.Y.C., Mr. J. S. Dicker- son, from New York, cruising eastward, LITERARY CHIT-CHAT, Duvcxincr’s “Cyclopedia of American LiteTa- ture’ is to be brought down to date by M. Laird Simons and reissued in fifty monthly numbers, at fifty cents each, by T. Elwood Zell, Philadelphia. The new matter (which makes three or four hun dred pages) will be incorporated in the vody of the work—not supplemented, THE QUESTION in the Usgood copyright case vs. Luyster was whether an author loses all right to his own literary compositions by publishing them in a periodical without copyrigit, so as to preclude him trom claiming them in collected form after- ward, under the Copyright law. Judge Blatchford, of the United States Court, for the New York dis- trict, decided that no such ‘dedication’ to the public existed as would create a bar to Bret Marte’s | maintaining an action for the recovery of profits on ail knglish editions of his copyright works sold in this country. AMONG THE ATTRACTIVE new books in press by Osgood & Co., for almost immediate publication, ts “South Sea Idyls,” by Charles Warren Stoddard, | being a volume of stories of California life. Mr, GEORGE P. PAILES, Of New York, ts engaged on an extensive “Biographical History of American Literature,” to form about three large octavo volumes, and to embrace critical notices of many rare, early Werks not hitherto noticed in our his- tories of iiterature, ONE OF THE PLEASANT volumes of the season | will be “Life in Danbury,” “being a brief but com- prehensive record of the doings of a remarkabic people under remarkable circumstances, , and in a most remarkable manner, James Montgomery Bailey, and earefully compiled with a pair of $8 shears by the compiler.’ It will be published by Shepard & Gill, POLITICAL NOTES. | The following were among the inscriptions upon | the banners in a procession of Lawrence, Kan., @ few days sinc pstohe with Banks ond Up with Corn!” “No Quarters to Monopoly!” qual Taxation!’ ‘od Speed the Plough! “United We 51 Divided We Fatt’ “Live and Let Live |" loney Kings, Beware | “The ldes of November, ‘armers Will Be Pree armony !"? 0 More Parasites!" “Less Oflices, Less Laws, Less Taxes and More Justice! Industry Will Be Rewarded!" ‘armers to the Froui—Politicians to the Rear?? “Peaceably it We Can—Forcibly if We Must? eform or Revolution '* ‘ox Populi!” “Passes Up Salt River Free!" ‘raternity, Equality, and Fair Exchange!" Says the Chicago Z7/mes in connection with the above :—“Pig iron pirates are requested to note par- ticularly the inscriptions standing in the order of Nos. 1, 7, Ul nd 19,"° The Chicago Tribune says the republican farmers of Powesbiek county, lowa, came up to the county seat, May 31, by invitation, to “purify the party,” and, finding that the purification was only to bea whitewash of the old leaders, the repubiican jarm- ers held an indignation meeting on the spot, ana purified themselves of all such party name and leadership. Poweshiek county voted last year: Grant, 1,996; Greeley, 000 farmers in CAPTURE OF A JAIL BREAKER. AUBURN, N. Y., June 15, 1873, Albert Eugene Perry, who escaped frorm jail in ‘this city on the Mth of January last, where he was confined jor thel!, and who killed the jailer Fielas in making his escape, and jor whose capture $1,000 reward had been offered by Sheri Hosmer, was arrested at Nichoi's Corners, eight miles trom Owego, last nigit, at one o'clock, by Deputy Sheriff c. V. Hoskins, of this county, assisted by the Chiet of Police of Owego. Perry was found asieep in hbedatahotel, He had a stolen norse and carriage in his possession, which he obtained trom @ livery- man of this city when he passed through here on Weunesday night, Perry was brought to (iis city us wornipe tu (rong aud lodged jp jail, by | THE MILITARY ACADEMY. ——+——. Lord Dundreary as a Cadet Josh. Thoughts on West Point as It Was and as It Is. What the Board of Visitors Will Recommend. Larger Facilities for Training Officers and More Cadets. ARMY ORGANIZATION. _ Reflections on the Present Condition of the Troops and a Word for Enlisted Men, West Pornt, June 12, 1873. Tho majority of the Board of Visitors to the Mili- tary Academy have been, I imagine, somewhat bored by the daily examinations of the light waisted young gentlemen who expect to be officers and gentlemen. So slow, dull and uninteresting are the sessions of the Board that but few of the guests of the hotels care to attend, except, of course, those having relatives in the graduating class. The first impression made on the mind of the visitor who listens to the recitals of the cadets is that he has made a mistake in entering the class room; that itis not an American, but an English company assembled, and the next is that the cadets secretly worship a Josh set up somewhere in the Academy, and that Josh Lord Duandreary. Wait and watch» while @ candidate for admission into the American Army as an oMcer rises, and let your ear drink in the words that flow from his drilled and regulated lips as he recites. He steps forward to the black- board as if treading upon eggs, with the jerky, twisty gait that only scions of the first families have, and which is seen in perfection in the walk of English officers of the nobility a3 known to the readers of servant ‘gal’ literature. With a wand daintily held in his hand he begins in a “haw, ah’? almost indistinct drawl, very fashionable, and, con- sidering the circumstances, very funny; continues io A STRAIN OF SLURRED ENGLISH, and ends his piece of explanatory answer in broken words. This is the model cadet, the cadet “in form,” the cadet most admired, who elicits from the ladies the conclusive judgment, “Ilow nice!” obtains approving nods from the “grave and reverend seignors” of the Faculty, and oa whom, in @ vacant, helpless way, the Congressmen of the Board of Visiters smile. Of course all the’ cadets are not 80 favored. There are some who prefer to be American in everything, but I greatly fear they are in the mifiority. The cadet whe acts as adjutant at the evening parades Is always a high priest of Josh Dundreary. He is very impressive when he reads out the orders, inasmuch as nobody compre- hends him. The ladies delight in him, though, and think him most engaging when least understood. Perhaps they are right. It is a mistake, though, for these young men to think that the ridiculous drawl which Mr. Sothern makes so funny on the stage is soldierly or admirable. The English snobs who affect that kind of inanity are not allowed to practice it much in their army. A cadet at Sand- hurst or an officer in the fleld who would “haw, haw,” and dilute his words in that fashion, would be very likely to hear @ disapproval of it in very plain English from his superiors. Snobbery is pleasing to Weak-minded young women and to the snob family im general; but itis very much out of ew in ab army, especially the army of the United States. OLD TIME CADETS AND IR NEW, Ihave hoard it said that this tendency to extray- agant imitation of the weakest foibles of the Brit- | tsa exquisite fs more observable in this than any other class that preceded it, and that it has been growing since the war. Formerly, the cadets at West Point were sons of gentlemen— that is, sons of persons who either got thetr dollars by the mean robbery of ignorant slaves, or whose ancestors were fortunate in trade, These were very democratic; at least they were Americans, and commanded the affections as well as the persons of the troops when appoiuted to commands. Provided with ampie means and well known, they never were in dread of having their social standing questioned. Cadets of West Point appointed to the army of late years have seen mostly from the bread-making class of people, and strange it is that they incline more to- wards that which ts not republican. I would not notice this peculiarity of the West Point cadets of the present day did it not seem to me that the at- mosphere @/ the Academy is, in @ political sense, extremely unwholesome, and that the question | forces itself upon one at every turn, Is the nation cnitivating in this hotbed of oMfcers a useful ora pernicious growth of public servants ¢ WHAT THE BOARD OF ViSITERS WILL RECOMMEND, Tam given to understand that the Board of Vi itors are so well pleased with the working of the United states Ly vgn Academy and so satisied of its benefits (or so Well assured that they have an opportunity of making a large amount of political capital) that they intend in thelr report to recom. mend to Congress—Sherman and Shellabarger, of Ohio; Judge Poland, of Vermont, and Coburn, of | Indiana, fathering the project—to enlarge the ca- pacity of the Academy; to “liberalize” the instita- tion by doubling or quadrupling the number of cadets, and so afford the benefits of a military education to a larger number of scions of noble houses. It is not expected that Congressmen will vote against a measure so weil calculated to throw so desirable patronage into their hands, and therefore its introduction in the | Senate and House early in the session of the Forty- | fourth Congress may be expected. Last session, but for the inconvenient disclosures concerning congressional pickings and stealings, and un- timely charges of corrupt and dishonorable prac- tices by our august law-givers, the combination of skilled talent having this side game in charge | would have snceeeded. As it was, the combina- | tions were nade, and now nothing remains to be done but the formal display of cards in the two | houses when they assembie in December, THE ARMY ORGANIZATION. It may so happen, however, that before that time the public voice will demand tue why and the wherefore, and it may be inquired, What do we keep a standing army for? hy do we have to pay more for the luxury than other nations? Is it as effective as it might be? Is it strengthening to the nation or is 1t a weakness ? Is it In its present. organization a help or a hindrance in the perpetu- ation of the Republic? These are questions ,I think, that soener or later will have io be an- swered, and as this ts the pivotal point ot army organization, it is proper that those questions should be put and answered here. The Board of Visitors Will not satisfy the country, though they may the military committees of Congress, by re- porting concerning West Point in its re- | | lation to the training of oMicers only. | | West Point controls the army and is re- msible for its effectiveness. This will not be | disputed, I think, by any officer not appointed | rom Military Academy, ana so recorded in the army rogister. Admitting this, as they must, the Board of Visitors will have to consider what they should recommend for the better government of the army When they propose to Congress, as they intend Lo do, a scheme for educating «# larger num- ber of oMicers than the service demands. ANTAGONISM BETWEEN OFFICERS AND MEN. Let them understand, then, that there is a wide | guit in interest and feeling—wider and more anomalous than sts in amy well organized modern army—between our oMcers and soidiers, Under the colors the ters and servants, | not officers and soldiers. The oficer is here tanght, | or, ff not taught, be is ied to suppose, that he isa superior being; lis blood is redder, his fesh finer, his veins bluer than the “eulisted man.” The honors in the fleld, the comforts in the barracks, the justiee in the courts ave for the officers. No honors may hie expected, no consideration hoped for, no remedy for injustice obtainable where the interests of “oilicers” confict for the “plevelan en- listed man.’ He may be ageniieman. His edn- cation will avail him nothing. re are mi being wrilout sensibility and devotd of feeling and an automaton Cy! at the merey of periors, Contrary to the army regulations } be sent to the guard house without proper tried by a jury of officers prejudiced against him, and his pay ($13 a month) stopped, The oMicet may be in fault, but that fact will not come out ex- cept the charge against the enlisted man is a heavy one. The soidier has no Af his per- secutor ts his captain he mus peal through hin to the colonel; the captain sees the colonel first and explains the ma‘ier, and generatly the en | listed man receives severer pubishiment for his | fol And when restored to daty from punish | ment the life of that soltier ia hard indeed, | NAPOLEON AND ‘TIT COMMON SOLDINE, There was one vilier, in his young days @ Cadet Of a dchonl as good aa West Pout (sb Cyr), Once enlisted, ac- | cording to the unwritten law he is considered a | HERALD, SATURDAY, JUNE 14, 1873—TRIPLE SHEET. = rt i TT Who, when he ontainea pewer, took an carly op- portunity of tecting the common soldier, Na- poleon I. inted for each division of the Frei army an ofiicer whose duty it was to around once a month and hear complaints of soldiers, If charges were made against officers they were in secret. In due time their truth or falsity was established; if true, the officer was punished; if false, the soldier suffered That system remains to the present day, and works admirably, But when Napoleon made that regulation he was a republl- can and commanded republican troops. Strange, though, that through all the changes of gevern- ment since Napoleon no Minister of War or Com- eo Little Corporal. eee OF THE PRESENT CADETS EXCELLENT. Tam told—and Ihave no doubt whatever of the truth of the statement, for it would be absurd to doubt {t—that cadets passing into the army in these days are better instructed than those of for- mer days; that they are perfect in drill and are properly trained as ofcers and gentlemen, honor- able and above reproach. The oficers of the army, than whom there are not finer or more capable men in any service, are not to blame for the antagonism that exists be- tween them and the rank and file. THB FAULT LIES IN THE SYSTEM, * and that system requires remodelling. Practically we have no army. The organization we cal! our army is only kept in existence by great exertion. The desertions are so great that the recruiting par- ties are scarcely able to fill up the gaps in the ranks, Common soldiers, no matter how uncom- mon their abilities, need not look for promotion, The only light in the future that inspires the en- histed man, not confirmed drunkard ora fugitive from civil justice, is the day when his term of ser- vice expires. There are no training schools for soldiers, libraries for the improvement of their minds and gymnasiums for physical exercises, such as have long been established in ‘ellete’’ countries; the pay 18 inadequate, the food often insufficient and the clothing too cos'!y and unat- tractive, THR ARMY DISORGANIZED. “= In short, the army is in @ worse condition to-day than it was beiore it fell to pieces in 1861, when the majority of its officers deserted their colors, In 2 similar convulsion now the oflcers might remain; but who would answer for the men? And if the rank and file of the army are not satisfied (see the Adjutant General's report of desertions) and the system is rotten, as it is said to be, Messicurs Board of Visitors, the matter should be inquired into and the proper remedies applied, even before the yearly supply of West Point oficers is doubled orquadrupled, ~~ T have touched upon these points because I think the effectiveness of the army as a whole is of far more importance to the people than the fortunes of its lew ofiicers whose corps the youn, men here as cadets will soon join, and because Know that the arrangement of the skeleton report ot the Board of visitors, as it now stands, will ignore everything but the advantages of educating oilcers for the army in larger numbers than here- tofore. Ifthe country is willing to be taxed for the support of an army it should have AN EFFECTIVE ARMY. It will be said in reply to this that the present army is effective and does its work. Ultimately an organization of American soldiers will do the work allotted to it, but it is hurtiul to our pride and positively dangerous that the Interests of ofMfcers and men under eur fag should not, at least, be as much allied as the in- terests of officers and soldiers in European coun- tries; that they will have equal cause for rejoicing in victory, and be as ready with regrets in de‘eat. ‘The organization of the army may ve all right; the seemingly unnecessary slaughter of citizens in uniform at the lava beds perfectly proper; the em- ployment of heavy artillery in chaging Modocs over precipices the correct arrangement, and the suggestion of forcing the marives to go on a scout against blanket savages eminently judicious; but that should not prevent the Board of Visitors to the Academy irom enlarging the scope of their report. + WITH A CUSTOMS OFFICER. New York, June 9, 1873. To Tu Epitor OF THE HERALD:— Thold that the American of well-balanced head will return from Europe with a better opinion of his native land, But, hard upon the glow of en- thusiasm raised by the beauties of New York har- bor, his patriotism suffers a cold bath when he encounters on the wharf the American Custom House ofiicer. Ihave lately bad baggage inspected by English, Belgian, Prussian, Swiss and French customs oMicers, and have found them al! respect- able men, having apparently no purpose but to perform their duty with the least annoyance to the traveller. I had neard much of the venality of the American customs officer, but was incredu- lous. Lresolved not to subject myself to it. You shall hear how I fared, Weereem- ements ree The steamer Abyssinia came to her wharf Satur- day morning, the 7th, A squad of customs officers stood in line awaiting the deposit of the baggage onthe wharf, A few paces in advance of the line stood their leader, who, after cach passenger had received his trunks, took his certified list and des- ignated one of the squad to examine them. Let me remark here that the squad looked like a gang of thicves. Why shows the, goud-looking American people be represenfed by such villanous- looking officials? Each one looked like a harpy who scented prey. Asmall chap, Wearing a drab felt hat with black ribbon and turned-up brim, of the rowdy Lin common, and wearing eye-glasses, was designat: to examine my traps. I suppose that for a father | bringing home his daughter trom school in Europe, | with all her belongings, and witha very moderate | replenishing of the wardrobe of a full grown girl in Paris, five trunks, averaging below the large size, are a very moderate allowance, But the man of customs evidently saw in this situation a cas He was not inclined’ to give much attention to things in general, but he wanted to come directly to the point by the inquiry if I bought any dresses in Paris. I toid himIdid. He said he supposed 1 knew they were dutiable. 1 told him I knew the contrary. He said he would have to get the assist- ant imspector to examine them. But he did not. He slighted the other trunks and came to a tall trunk containing four silk dresses nicely packed by an expert in four trays. ‘The average American young lady will think this very “small doings” for agrown up girl. But again this harpy declared these were dutiable, whether worn or not. Of course I argued the point. 1 need not take space to tell of other hints. He soon came to the point by the remark in alow tone that he supposed I knew how to appreciate a favor when one was extended tome. What was to be done? Hadi denounced him the gang would have stood by him. It wonid have been my word a; before his confederates, and he could easily have claimed that I misunderstood him, Had J quietly shown an insensibility to the hint he had the power to annoy me greatly. 1 would not for a considerable sum have him rummage these things with his dirty paws nor pull to pieces the multitude of traps that required much jabor to pack within the compass. 80 I said yes. ‘Thereupon the traps were replaced without opening. Another trunk, a portly bag, a big bundle, a satenel and a locket were chalked unopened. He cautioned me to let no one see me do it. I stepped apart and ex- tracted asovereign from my purse. He met me with the remark, “It’s a sovereign, is ity’? I placed it in the thiet’s dirty paw. It appears from this that a sovereign is the price for @ passenger, with a female encumbrance, who stoatly denies that he has nothing dutiable and freely asks examination, You cannot easily conceive what an inceutive is given to smuggiing by this seeceuey: The traveller who has brought nothing dutiable, and who is thus bled merely to escape threats of an- neyance, is prone to think he had better have brought many things, and a lot of piece goods, in- stead of paying the extravagant charges of Paris dressmakers or having his clothes made up by clumsy London tailors. Each one thus dunned for a bribe becomes an advertiser to travellers that nuggling is made easy and safe for all who will pay asmnil fee. 1 was too late and too busy to compare notes with other passengers; butone man, | who was returning with his wife, told me that he had found a ciever oMcer of the same sort. My ex- perience and my observation of the class of men d | the Mayor looked around at entrusted with this confidential duty leads me to the conclusion that asa class they are thieves, You can conceive that the sum of their ievies is very Jarge, and that this kind of smuggling is stimulated to very large dimensions by this most disgraceful rascality. ¥ ‘The American has to meet im Europe much calumny upon his country, and naturaily he stands up in her defence. But the first sensation he feets on setting foot on his native soil comes from this ang of oficial thieves, justifying what abroad he as had to hear, to his disgust and anger, of the | corruption of the American government, AMERICAN, THE EMIGRATION COMMISSION, The new Commissioners of Emigration have not as made any material changes either in their omecials or their manner of conducting business Notwithstanding that they found an indebtedness of about ninety thousand dollars on taking charge, | ali the improvements in buildings are progressing | asusnal. On Ward's Island the gates were for- | merly kept open all night tor che admission of emigrants who were out during the day; but as many unauthorized persons got in all the | gates buf one are now closed at seven P.M. and | none are admitted afier that hour until they show that they are really entitted to admission, An- other reform has heen made by arranging with the brokers at the Garden to receive on deposit any vainables that the fnmates may have, This will prevent thieves from operating ipon them during the night time. Arrangements have been made with contractors for the transfer of bag- gage at abou’ twenty per cent less than the old tari, Some minor reforms haye aso been made in the Labor Baurean to prevent abandoned women and “yummer” men from loafing there in search of employment, When they desert a good | piace and return to Castle Garden for new em- ployment careful Inquiry is made into the cause of heir surrender of thetr old places, and tf it is found that they had no cause to leave they are Not permitted to crowd out more deserving applicauts, who are WALD bo WY Fh THE POLICE MAGISTRACIES, People with Their “Backs Up” About the City Hall. A Very Pretty ‘‘Stand-Of’—Playing for a “Ten< Strike” and Making Only Two—What Every- body and the Mayor Think of It— Is It'a Fight? and Who Will Back Downt—A Chance for “Clean” Work All the dowtown politicians were oif their goot behavior yesterday, and the callers at the City’ Hall were not 80 numerous nor so excited as they were on Thursday, Tue Mayor arrived at his office about eleven o’clock and devoted a couple of hours to visitors and public business, after which he made preparation to attend tke Orr obsequies. The quidnuncs were all agog with interost as to what would be the result of the decision on the part of the Aldermen not to act on any of the nominations for Police Magistrates until all the names are sent in by the Mayor. Almost every~ body asked, “Will they stick to their decision?” and from the very nature of the thing no one was. able to answer by the card, Nearly all who ex- pressed any opinion said they thought the Alder- men would back down. The general sentiment is that the desire of the Aldermen to make a ‘‘deal'* on the nominations is too apparent, and that it ia contra bonos mores, If the Mayor concludes thatit ig necessary, in order to prevent corrupt bargain- ing, that he should peremptorily decline to send im. more than TWO NAMES AT ONE TIMR, @ deadlock must ensue, until some one beats a ree treat from the position assumed. It ia of the moat vital public importance that the administration of the police courts shall be pure and honest. If neither side recedes, of course the present Board of Justices holds over, and the general public ver- dict will be that the Aldermen are responsible for it, for the very substantial reason that they have the power to reject all nominees whom they may deem unqualified for the positions as fast as the Mayor sends them in, and if their only desire, aa they pretend is, to secure good and efficient mea, they have the means to achieve their object by re- jecting the candidates until the Mayor does present. acceptable men. Itis not atall necessary that ia order to confirm one good nomination they should have the names of VEN OR EIGHT OTHERS IN THEIR POOKRTS, though it would be very conventent in case an une worthy man were brought forward for confirma- tion for his friends in the Board to say, “Well, I know he doesn’t meet your views exactly, but he’s my man, andif you'll vote for him we'll vote tor your man there when his name comes up.’ :So long as the Mayor holds back some nominations a bargain of that sort cannot be made, for the party to be conciliated never knows whether the name of “his man” will ever come up to be voted for as the quid proquo, And that is the way the public will be sure to look at it, “BACKS UP.’? A HERALD reporter had a brief conversation with the Mayor on the subject, and opened the discus- sion by remarking :— eae Mr. Mayor, they seem to have got their " Sup. = “Have they,’ hastily interposed the Mayor ina startied (?) sortof way. “Who has? Who's got their ‘backs up ?'? : “The Council of Filteen up stairs—the Alder- men." “Oh, you don’t tell me they have got their backs up?” said the Mayor, with an expression of feigned incredulity. “Well, well, that is something re- markabie, But what have they done it for?” “They seem to think they won't act on the pe- lice magistracies until you send in all the names,’* replied the reporter. “Well, wed. They won't, eh? What a queer thing it would be if I got my back = to see 80 many backs up at one time,’ said the Mayor, and Pe laughed heartily. ‘What do they want, I won- ler?’ ‘ “They want to look over the whole list at once, to see if you get the right names on, I presume."* “Oh, but that wouldn't be fair on my part. ‘This weatner 13 pretty warm, and I don’t like to have too much work put on me at one time, and I don’t like to put TOO MUCH ON OTHERS. Bee think they would like it any more than I 00? The Mayor mused a moment and then resumed as he threw himself well back in the chair:—‘Now, just think of it! IfT was tosend themin all ten of those names at once, imagine what a lot of com- pany they would have to see, andin such unsea- sonable weather for recelvying company too.” And resident Wheeler, In- resent ie was s spector Kelly and some other gentlemen with a smile that showed clearly how fully convinced that it would be unkind, “No, no,” he continued; “I think it much easier to deal with two questions or with two men than with ten. Besides there is a great deal to be done in the way of FINDING NICE PEOPLE, who will be willing to take the clerkships and so forth under these magistrates. There is deal of that work to be done, you must remember.” “But, Mr. Mayor, ifthis thing comes to a fight we shall have a ‘deadlock,’ and I suppose no change of the old gang of magistrates or justices,” interrupted the reporter, “But there will be no fight unless they fight among themselves,” repiied the Mayor gravely; “T never fight—I don’t know how to—and there needn't be any deadlock either. I have sent them in two names, and ['d like to know what they are going to do with them. If they don’t like ’em all they have to do is to say so. Let ’em reject 'em and I'll send in two more; I’ve got eight to send in now, and when they get 'em, if they don’t like them, they can PITOH 'EM OUT OF THE WINDOW, and I think out of the hundred and eighty or ninety names 1 have got, all of whom are, I think, men, Tean pick out eight any time Just as good as the first eigut 1 shall send in, You see | ought to do someting I can’t do. How many Aldermen are there? Fifteen. Well, now, I’ve got only eight places at my disposal and if every Alderman wants ‘a man’ you can very readily see the difficulty of my position in attempting to put fifteen men into eight places. [can't do it unless somebody else will show me the way.” “And you think, Mr. Mayor, that by having two naines at a time they will be able to get along bet- ter and make STRAIGHT, CLEAN WORK of it, do you?” “Yes,” replied the Mayor, “I think they will be much more likely to make ‘clean’ work of it. That's it exactly, ‘clean’ work,” and His Honor strongly emphasized thé word “clean.” After a few further remarks of @ general nature on the subject the reporter left, pretty thoroughly impressed, as were all those who were presen’ wit the beiief that unless the Aldermen rescin their aggressive resolution the present Board of Police Justices may “work” their little ‘rackets’? for some months to come. TWO QUEER RUMORS, but not altogether unitkely ones, were afloat yesterday about tie Hall. The iirst was to the effect that the Custom House clique, baled in heir attempt to run the whole municipal machine, hi ale a bold effort to grab the Police Magis- trate “deal” and its patronage, and that they had con-Tammany-ated the vulnerable republicans, The other was to the effect that the Aldermanic action was prompted by a determination on the part of all the democratic members, as a complete alllance, to have Justices Ledwith, Hogan and Bixby retained. So much for the rumors; bat it is not likely that both are true, ANOTHER JERSEY RATLROAD SMASH. Retween midnight dnd one o'clock yeaterday morning # sinash-up took place in the Bergen cut oftie New Jersey Raiiroad, which, though unat- tended with loss of lite or serious injury to limb, was, nevertheless, quite an exciting and by no means trifling afair, The passenger train which left Newark at 11:45 P. M. reached Marion allright, bat soon after encountered across the track a door which had accidentally been thrown of a freight car. or went the pas- senger train, grinding over the tics for about one hundred yards, until the locomotive bounced across the track @f the Midland road, which joins the Jersey road ator near the cut, While in this position along came a locomotive and tender of the Mimana road bang into the locomotive of the pas- tender foremost. ‘he latterand passenger train were badly smashed, but luckily nobody was hurt. The oc- currence occasioned considerable delay of trate yesterday forenoon, BROOKLYN DEATH §TATISTIOS, There were 170 deaths in the city of Brooklyn during the week ending Saturday, June 7, accord- ing to the report of the Health Board, submitted to the press yesterday. Of the deceased 39 were men, 46 women, 47 boys and 38 girls; 116 were natives of the United States, 31 of Ireland, 9 of i Fngland, 20f Wales and 1 each of ssia, Scotland, France and Mexico respectively. Smuilpox carried off 3; diphtheria and croap, Hench: consumption, isease of brain and convulstons, 14 each ; cerebro-spinal meningitis, 4; typhoid fever, 4, scarletina, 4; pneumonia, 16; disease of heart, 6. the highest’ death rate was tm, the Twenty-frat ward, where there worg twenty-one dente, senger train, th the engine of t