The New York Herald Newspaper, March 10, 1873, Page 6

8 NEW YORK HERALD Gir ae no Sear BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. _—_—_ JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. Volume XXXVIII. AMUSEMENTS THIS LYENING. GRAND OPERA HOUSE, Twenty-third st. and Eighth ay,—Rovgaine It. NEW FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, 728 and 730 Broad- way.—ALixE WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner Thirtieth st— Nece anv Necx. Afternoon and Eyening. ATHENEUM, No, {8 Broadway.—Granp Variety En- TERTAINMENT, ACADEMY OF MUS. ‘OreRa—MiGNon. Fourteenth street.—[tatian NIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway, between Prince and Houston streets.—Lro axp Loros ST. JAMES’ THEATRE, Broadway and 28th st.—Bor- LxsQuE Orxna—La SomNa® OLYMPIC THEATR and Bleecker streets. way, between Houston uxery DuMrry. 2, Union square, between y.—ONK HUNDRED YRARS OLD. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth street.—Davip GaRkict POOTH'S THEATRE, Twenty-third street, corner Sixth avenue.—No THOROUGHFARE. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Watrs or New Yorr— Creature oF Iurunse. GERMANTA THEATRE, Fourtecnth street, near Third AY.—Mania UND MaGDALENA, ‘THEATRE COMIQUE, No. 514 Broadway.—'98; on, Tux MorpER at tax Farm. . MRS. F. B. CONWAY'S BROOKLYN THEATRE.— Awartion, BRYANT’S OPERA HOUSE, Twenty-third st.. 6th @V.—NeGRo MiNsTRELSY, sf anita’ TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 201 Bowery.— Variety ENTERTAINMENT. Beginning of the Presidential Terms and the Revelation. — most radical, complete and comp! ive in | exercise of the suffrage the history of any people, It embodies the | these people in public 1776 and the end Fae rinciples of the great | to say that the French. Revolution of tt z 89. the twelve eventful years that have followed, come. To comprehend and to appreciate the height and depth, the length and breadth of this | ing example of this in the case of Louisiana. amazing and comprehensive revolution in a | The federal authority has actually overturned few brief touches of pen or pencil, we have | a State government and arbitrarily set aside only to outline the pictures—two widely differ- | the will of the people as expressed at the bal- ent—of the first inauguration of President |,lot box, And if one State government can be Lincoln and the second inauguration of Presi- | thus overthrown others may be on the same dent Grant. In 1861 President Lincoln, en | pretext. It is time, then, as was said before, route from Harrisburg to Washington, to avoid | that the people of the United States began to the dangers of treasonable conspiracies lying | consider well the necessity of stopping the in wait to cut him off along his appointed | revolution and of returning to those conserva- route and time for the journey, was con- | tive principles which secure local self-govern- strained to adopt a convenient disguise and to | mont, as well as:defend individual rights. It slip through like a thief in the night. Thus | is more necessary now to prevent the undue TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Monday, March 10, 1873. THE NEWS OF YESTERDAY. To-Day’s Contents of the Merald. “BEGINNING OF THE PRESIDENTIAL TERMS OF 1861 AND OF 1873! THE REBELLION AND THE REVOLUTION”—EDITORIAL LEADER— SrixTH PaGE. IMPORTANT DEBATE IN THE SPANISH CORTES! “A DEATHBLOW TO THE RADICALS!"" CARLIST STRATEGY! AMADEUS WEL- COMED BY THE TURINESE—Sg&venrTH Page. PASTORAL VIEWS OF THE QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR! HANGING FOR MURDER, THE NEW RELIGIOUS AMENDMENT AND CHRISTIAN CULTURE EXPATIATED UPON! A NEW MINISTERIAL DEPARTURE—FourtH Page. PEACE STRATEGY! CAPTAIN JACK READY TO LEAVE THE LAWA BEDS! PREPARING FOR THE EVACUATION AND TUE RESERVA- TION! MODOC MONORS TO A DEAD WAR- RIOR—SEVENTH Pace. TOM SCOTT ON THE QUI VIVE! THE DICTATOR OF NEW JERSEY ORGANIZING HIS FORCES FOR THE DEFEAT OF THE GENERAL RAILROAD BILL—TurRp PaGE. CAPTAIN M'DANIELS’ EXCITING ADVENTURES! WHAT BECAME OF ONE OF THE “MIS- SING!" DRUGGED, ROBBED AND SHIPPED AS FREIGHT TO CUBA! HIS RETURN— MARINE NEWS—TEnrn PaGE. GERMAN EXPORTS TO AMERICA! THEIR RAPID AND VALUE! TABULATED 'S FROM OUR CONSULATES IN THE CHRISTENSON BUTCHERY! THE TWO WOMEN MURDERED ON SMUTTY NOSE ISLAND QUIETLY BURIED YESTERDAY! ANOTHER APPEAL TO JUDGE LYNCH FOR SJUSTICE—TuoIRD PAGE. O'BALDWIN “RISES TO EXPLAIN!” A “CARD FROM THE STEUBENVILLE JAIL! THE CAMPBELL-HICKEN MILL—Tarp PaGE, FASHION IN VERNAL ATTIRE—BISMARCK AND THE JESUITS—SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PORT—TuirD PaGE. EUROPEAN CABLE NEWS—GENERAL TELE- GRAMS—SEVENTH Page. SOCIETY UNDER THE FORMER AND PRESENT FEDERAL REGIMES! HOW THE NATION'S CAPITAL GLOWED UNDER THE SMILES OF BEWITCHING SOUTHERN BELLES! THE RECENT FRIGID INAUGURATION BALL— FirTH Page. THE FINANCIAL RESUME! THE RISE IN GOLD! MONEY AND STOCK FEATURES—EicuTu PaGE. CUSTOMS COLLECTION AND IMPOSTS! PAYING THE DISABLED HEROES! THE INTERNAL REVENUE BUREAU—FirTH Pace. CHANGES IN OUR COINS! WHAT THERE IS IN THE MINT AND COINAGE BILL! THE NEW SILVER DOLLARS! VARYING STANDARDS OF VALUE! JOHN CHINAMAN AS A HOLDER—EIGHTH Pace. “VIC” AS A COMMCNIST—THE WORKINGMEN— OPENING THE GRAND MASONIC FAIR— PICKPUCKETS—EicuTH Pace. Taz New Mrmr axp Cormack Brir— Tae Errect Uron Eastern Trape.—We publish to-day in another part of the paper a very interesting article on the new silver coin authorized by Congress, and the probable effect this will have upon our trade with Asia, and particularly with China. The trade dollar, which will have the weight and fineness stamped upon it, and will be very superior in finish, and which is only intended for foreign commerce, will, it is thought, prove very attractive to the Chinese and tend to increase our trade with China. The object is commendable, no doubt, and may have the effect desired; but we do not see how the trade dollar is to be confined to foreign trade as proposed. The money dealors will, undoubt- edly, make use of it for trade and speculative purposes. We hope, however, it may tend todevelop and incrvase our trade with China, for that is the part of the world we should look to to augment our commerce and ship- ping interests. This is o movement in the right direction, if even it should fail to pro- duce all the results anticipated. Tur Porr Sri, Prorestixo.—On Saturday His Holiness the Pope, replying to an address, stated that reconciliation with the Italian government was impossible. God would punish the invaders of his dominions. The Holy Father has the utmost confidence that the Church will ultimately triumph. We have often in these columns tried to show that the fall of the temporal power did not affect the welfare or prosperity of the Church. The Church is, or at least ought to be, a spiritual institution, The temporalities have been a hindrance to the Church rather than otherwise. Pity that the Holy Father does not see it in this light? His dominion is larger than safely arriving at his destination, he found | encroachments of federal power than to impose himself surrounded by new dangers, which | restrictions upon the States. Thoold extreme appeared to offer no loophole of safety or of | States rights dogma is dead and buried. There escape for the national government or the | is no more danger to be apprehended from Union. A Southern Confederacy, founded | that. The danger now is in federal usurpa- upon the corner stone of negro slavery, was | tion. already in the field and preparing for war. Mysterious rumors ‘were afloat that Lincoln Utllisea Sewage. never would be inaugurated; that an organ-| The advent of Spring warns us to give ized body of ten thousand Southern men from | ¢Stly heed to theory for a clean city. Whether Virginia and Maryland was within convenient “cleanliness be next to godliness’’ or not, no distance for a descent upon and seizure of the | question of municipal reform should come capital ; that the city was filled with the sworn | home with greater power to the public con- confederates of this alarming conspiracy ; that | science than that which so vitally affects every they were in every department of the govern- citizen. Unfortunately and fatally for thou- ment, and that they had the active sympathies sands the science of municipal purgation is of nine-tenths of the resident white population | almost unknown, and the art, if it ever ox- of Washington. isted, is one of the lost arts. The various That these rumors were well founded could | questions which interest the public health not be doubted by any eye-witness of tho | havg, however, been investigated seriatim by precautions adopted by General Scott for the | earnest and sagacious men, and if their con- safety of President Lincoln on his memorable | clusions had been acted upon systematically inauguration day of 1861. The handful of | UF great centres of population would have loyal United States troops which General | been spared many an epidemic. To the honor Scott had collected in Washington were dis- | of modern science-it may be said a great pro- tributed with remarkable sagacity for tho | Vision against street and sewage poison has safety of the city against an apprehended rebel | been devised and successfully applied, so raid and for the protection of the new Presi- | that “Out of this nettle, danger, we pluck dent in his progress from the White House to | this flower, safety.” the Capitol. For the safety of the city pickets ‘We allude, of course, to the chemical treat- were stationéd at various points of approach | Ment of sewage and its utilization for agricul- to announee, if required, the coming of the | tural purposes, Nothing is better demon- enemy, and for the protection of the President | strated by all metropolitan experience than a squad of cavalry, equipped for bloody work, | the impossibility of preserving the public surrounded his barouche, and sentinels on the | health so long as countless streams of filth housetops were posted from point to point | ate allowed to ooze into the adjoining rivers along the line of march, prepared with a pro- | or the bay, whose waters either exhale their arranged system of signals for the concentra- | pestilence or are imbibed by neighboring citics. tion of the troops at any point where an attack | Geologic experiments show convincingly that might be made to cut off the inauguration. in the neighborhood of London the lowest At the Capitol, from the street to the side door | permeable strata and the deep-seated artesian of the Senate wing, where the President entered | springs are polluted by the foul and pene- the building, a covered way had been erected, | trating deposits from the surface. Only last under which he could pass without danger | December the power of rivers to transport of a hostile bullet from the miscellaneous mul- | their corrupt and offensive matter was start- titude there assembled. The platform on the | lingly illustrated, when on the coast of To- eastern central portico, on which the inaugu- | bago (apparently from the flooded delta of ration ceremonies were enacted, was boarded | the Orinoco) a saltless and fetid tide was pro- up so high above the mighty mass of | cipitated, as is not unfrequently the case in people assembled in front that no pistol | the flood seasons of that river. shot could reach Lincoln from any would-| It is evident, therefore, that the protection be martyr for Southern independence from | of bumanity consists only in arresting and the plaza. But the most touching and the | confining the pollution and passing it through most suggestive fact on that awful day of | some alembic, in which its chemical constitu- doubt, suspense and mystery and peril was | tion is changed and rendered innocuous. , The the fact that the outgoing President, Buchanan, in the same barouche, and seated by his side, rode up to the Capitol with Lincoln, and was there by his side to the close of the inau- guration. In this courteous and courageous act on the part of Buchanan there was an “endorsement of the incoming administration of Lincoln which, we cannot doubt, gave it in that critical emergency s moral support the value of which cannot be too highly estimated. That act of President Buchanan is at least enti- tled to be held by every surviving Union man of that day in grateful remembrance. President Lincoln was quietly inaugurated, and with the going down of the sun of that ominous 4th of March it is said that General Scott remarked, ‘The great immediate dan- gers of the morning have been safely passed, thank God; but there are other and broader dangers still before us." The dangers of that morning, in the judgment ot Scott, from the facts and rumors in his possession, were the dangers of the seizure of the capital by powerful armed body of Southern conspira- torsand the danger of Lincoln’s assassina- tion. Even an outline of the stupendous events which have filled up the eventful twelve years which have followed that portentous morning of dangers, fears and suspicions need not here be given to enable the reader to mark the bright and encouraging contrast afforded in our report of tho brilliant second inauguration of President Grant. It marks, we repeat, the completion of our great revo- lution of equal rights, and the universal recognition by all the people of all the States that on the broad and strong foundations of aniversal liberty the equal rights of all men and of all tho States are established under the sovereign and all-embracing nationality of the United States. But now, when the danger and immediate consequences of civil war are passed, and a great political and social revolution has been effected, it will be well to make a pause for breathing time and reflection. The continued whirl of stupendous events during the last twelve years has kept the public mind on 4 etretch, and has afforded little time to reflect upon the tendency of the revolution or upon the shoals and breakers that may be ahead. With the enfranchisement of four millions of slaves and the immediate concession to them practical and extensive experiments in the treatment and utilization of sewage, garbage, offal and all kinds of fecal matter satisfy the most sceptical that this is possible, and the residuum, rightly employed, is an invaluable fertilizer to the soil. The researches of such Wi ity was inherent, irrespective of race, color or | where the aggregate blood of animals slangh- of 1861 amd ef 1873—The Rebellion | previous condition, and have trusted to the | tered last year was nearly two and « common senge of the enfranchised, uneducated The contrast between our political system | sud unprepared as they were, or to Provi-| was over twenty-one thousand tons, and the elements and surroundings of the | dence, to carry tho Republic through the the process of manufacturing fertilizers from first insuguration of President Lincoln in 1804 ordeal. It was belioved by many and hoped | the matter has been successfyj and remu- and the second inauguration of President by all that, whatever inconvenience might | nerative in the highest degree to the company Grant in 1873 marks the epoch of revolution | arise at first from fastaut!y conceding | Which enjoys a monopoly of the business. In and @ work of political reconstruction the | political privileges to the blacks, the very | Baltimore, as the Assistant Health Commis- would educate | sioner’s late report indicates, the experiments matters as | have boen crowned with unexpected success, leading idea of the American Declaration of | well as elevate them. It is but fair | and this officer states that he anticipates mak- 8 rosult hag not much | ing at least twenty thousand tons of fertilizing | gatablishes the disappointed expectation. The negroes gen- | poudrette, which, at the moderate price of ten equal and inalienable national rights of all | erally havé behaved very well so far, and had | dollars a ton, will yield the city ‘a revenue of men and the sovereignty of the peoplé. This | it not been for the miserable gcalawags and | two hundred thousand dollars annually, to great revolution, precipitated upon ‘the coun- | unprincipled carpot-baggers in the South, | say nothing of some thirty thonsand dollars’ try in the Southern rebellion of 1861, has not | there would have been little or no trouble in | worth of fine, strong compost, which will only been carried through to its logical con- | that section of thecountry. The danger that | result from the vegetable offal, sifted ash and clusion within tho brief historical epoch of | besets the Republic springs from pushing the revolution too far. The government, with the quarter million gallons, and the fine street manure."’ cleaning, with no revenue from the sale of her filth and sewage. If this wero economically manufactured and honestly put into market the profits to the Corporation would be enormous, as the Hznaup has pre- viously shown, probably exceeding three mil- lions of dollars, It is probable, nay certain, that if sucha system was carried out the mortality of the metropolis would be almost immediately diminished. There would bea premium for the thorough cleansing of the streets and ave- nues, which the public would be zealous in securing, and the slums of the city—which bear a striking resemblance to the “Black Town” of Calcutta—would be half redeemed from disease and pestilence. At that Indian city, since the sewage works have been estab- lished in the southern portions (in 1870) the mortality from cholera, fevers and dysentery has been reduced by nearly one half, and the plague stigma has been removed from the capital of the East. The metropolitan cities of the world are the receptacles and users of the products of the rural soil, and a sound physical economy demands that when these products. have been used they should be restored to the soil whence they came, to enter into new vegetable combinations. New York ought to be the first to introduce this benign system of sewage utilization into her municipal ma- chinery. Oar Imports from Germany. We publish to-day in a letter from a Berlin correspondent an interesting table gathered from the reports of the American consulates in Germany, showing the value of our im- ports from that Empire during the past year. From it we learn that there has"been a gain in the values of the articles shipped, from: that of 3371, amounting to four million dollars, or more than twelve percent. By far the largest portion comes from Prussia, which sent four- teen million dollars, Saxony ten millions, and {Re Hanse Towns six and a half millions, the balance being contributed from Bavaria, Baden and Wurtemberg. Cotton hosiery appears as the most valuable article in this list of our drafts upon German industry. Woollen cloths are next in amount. Hardware, ribbons, trimmings, toys, musical instruments, books, furs, glass and earthen ware, hops, leather and wines enter prominently into the account. In this exhibit we see that Germany, recovering from the diversion of her forces from industrial pursuits consequent upon a state of war, is rapidly enlarging her exports to this country, and this increase may be taken as an indication of proportionate growth in her industrial production. As a supplier of our wants she is far behind France, all Germany selling in goods to the’ value of thirty-seven millions, while Paris alone ex- ceeded that sum by more than a million. Should no warlike disturbance interfere, it is reasonable to anticipate that our trade with the Empire of Kaiser William will continue rapidly augmenting. There is one item whose movement is not alluded to in these figures. Our most valuable importation from Germany is citizens. Though the imperial government is loath to spare them they still continue to find their way hither in search of juster pay- ment for labor and less exacting demands for { offal Boston expends about a third of a million of dollars annually for street- but is universally accepted from ‘the lately | view of protecting individual citizens in their cleaning and removing garbage, with but rebellious section of the Union as fixed beyond | rights, and particularly the newly enfran- 4 little return from its sale, New York spends any probabilitics of chango for generations to | chised blacks, has gone beyond the limits of nearly @ million and # quarter in street- safety. The rights of the States have been in- vaded to a dangerous extent. Wo have a strik- eminent microscopists and naturalists as *Pas- | military and other governmental service than tetir and Thomeon reveal the fact that the de- | obtains in the land of their birth. While we caying vegetable and animal matter lying in | have broad tracts of virgin soil yet unstolen onr streets and gutters is the prey ot invisible | by the land-grabbing corporations, we shall little scavengers, and that when these micro- | continue to esteem the stream of emigrants scopic fungi are at their dainty meals putre- | which Germany sends us as more desirable faction is rapid, and often sulphuretted hy- | than all her other products, and welcome drogen and other gases make it doubly offen- | them as we do all who come from the crowded sive. The British Association reports on this | populations of Europe to work out in froe subject take the ground that when the sewage | America the problem of a government by has been properly filtered and strained, | the free expression of an intelligent and self- so that the dissolved and suspended sub- | respecting people, without the aid of rulers by stances are left behind, the liquid that | virtue of birth or right divine, escapes may be allowed to enter the rivers without producing any deleterious effects such as accompany the original sewage itself. These able and authoritative reports have fur- ther shown that light, porous, gravelly and even sandy soils, when treated with the resid- ual sewage, furnish crops of unwonted rich- ness, and that meadows watered with the liquid yield prolifically. The sewage farms at Tunbridge Wells, Croydon, Cheltenham, Bloxwich and other English towns have, since 1870, clearly settled the value and utility of such irrigation and fertilizing. The appre- hension at first entertained in England that sewage-grown grass would expose cattle fed upon it to parasitic life has long been dispelled by the dissection of animals fattened upon it. In fact, it is distinctly observable that, so far from multiplying. insect forms in the sewage-irrigated land, the new process destroys them; while, in addition to this strong recommendation, we have the almost unanimous reports of emi- nent London engineers that ‘tho process of defecating the sewage of London by means of lime can be effected with advantage and perfect safety, and the discharge of the clear sewage water into the Thames will not be source of danger of discomfort to the public.”” The disposition of the masses of hitherto use- less.and deadly filth-poisons from our great cities is already made a source of revenue which would help to balance the heavy ©x- penditure for street-cleaning. The estimates Rapid Transit in the Legislature. Discussion in the Assembly upon the Pneumatic Underground Railway bill shows that the representatives of the rural districts are willing to allow New York city the advan- tages of rapid transit so soon as our citizens can settle which of the many plans they ap- prove, Every day's life in the city illustrates the urgency of our necessity for some swift and sure means of locomotion in, above, be- low or between our streets. This city wastes months of time each year in the stupid effort to effect by the old-fashioned horse motive power those quick changes of place demanded by the habits of this steam age. We do not harness up the colt or put a saddle on the pony when we start for Boston or Baltimore. Why should wo still use dray teams to convey us from the City Hall to Harlem? If Man- hattan Island is to continne to furnish the homes, and not merely the warehouses, shops, offices or factories of her citizens, we must at once adopt some faster conveyances than stages, which are obliged to pass through side streets to escape crowded Broadway, and horse cars, liable to be stopped om the track by the hour at atime, when we are most anxious to be prompt. Our engineers suggest of full political privileges we have enlarged Rome. It is wide as the world, and in all the regions of the earth he reigns in the hearts of his foithful children. ‘The yltimate tri- the area of freedom to an extent and Ore Bt ‘waa ever known bofore, at least among a people ignorant and unpre- umph of the Church will no! the restitution of the temvoralitice. lepend upon pared for such a change. We have assumed that the right of freedom, suffrage and equal- for the value of sewage from a city of one hun- | the Battery to Westchester Ja thirty minutes’ dred thousand inhabitants vary from one hun- dred thousand dollars to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and in that or a higher prox portion for larger populations. j To bring tho case pearor home, ip Chicago, | capitalist, ‘It is possible and will pay. plans cnough. Let us put some one of them on trial at once. Failure in any one of ‘them would not be fatal to our hopes, By expori- ment alone can the merits and feats of a pro- posed improvement be ascetained. ‘From is notan unreasonable ®emand. No longer time ought to be reqvired between any two points in the ity,’ “To make this proposition Ane aim of our enterprising NEW YORK HEKALD, MONDAY, MARCH 10, 1873.—TRIPLE SHEET. Spanish Republic. coeds, according to our latest despatches from Madrid, with considerable augury of success to the project of the government. After a long and animated, but by no means violent debate, the Assembly, on Saturday, by a vote of 186 to 19, decided to take the bill into consideration, which doubtless means that it will ultimately pass into law, with, perhaps, some amendments on minor details. This is a triumph for Sefior Figueras and his repub- lican Ministry, and is highly creditable to the patriotism of the radical majority in the As- sembly. The President of the Chamber de- scended from his chair and made a manly speech, in which he said that he should not oppose the governmental determina- tion to dissolve the Assembly. It would thus seem that the project of an appeal to the people will be carried out. With the weight which the logic of events must bring to the side of the Republic, we may hope that the Ministry will be enabled to meet the law-giving power with a working majority in sympathy with it. Tho radicals who represent the shade of liberalism that was typified in the revolution of 1868 and what followed in the interregnum, and whose sup- port of Amadeus was so lukewarm, accept the Republic too much in the spirit that nothing better is available to be counted on as reliable supporters of those republican measures which alone will give Spain a permanent democratic government. Apart from the Carlists in the field, who are estimated at from ten thousand to twelvo thousand men, one of the greatest difficulties in the way of the Ministry is the division among republicans themselves as to whether’ | the government shall be centralized or federal. |, The partisans of either scheme are already ; known as Federalists or Unitarians, The for- mer are composed generally of the advanced republicans in the great towns, and their plan is to model the Spanish Republic on the Ameri- can. The Unitarians count in their ranks the’ more moderate republicans, some of the present ministry and a class who appeal to the sentimentality of @ powerful, homogeneous nation, a large army and navy and the old Spanish dream of a Conquistador mission among the nations. The federalists propese cheap government, local laws on the fashion of our States, and the relegation of great armies to the past, in which they wrought such misery for Spain: They further hope by the division into federal States» to make the chances of a reactionary coup less likely to be successful. It is a cause which the centralized imperial govern- ments of Europe would combat with energy, because of the lesson it would give their con- scripted and highly-taxed subjects. In one point of view alone would it be to their inter- est, namely, in that it would then be still less formidable as @ fighting power out of its boundaries than it has: been. Considering Spain’s long féeeblemess for mischief in this way, we can foresee that federalism in Spain will meet with a great deal of insidious if not open opposition-from without. The report, therefore, that the Federal Republic had been proclaimed at Barcelona, well known as possessing a strong and sturdy republican majority, is of great importance at present. President Figueras has hurried from the capi- tal to that city and may probably have suf- ficient influence to control the federalists from precipitating matters. If uncontrolled the movement in Barcelona will interfere seriously with the project of the Ministry of an appeal to the country through the elections, Itbrings the matter, however, so strongly forward that it willin any case enter at once into the con- ditions on which votes will be cast if the elections are reached in accordance with the ministerial purpose. The difficulties surround- ing the position are very grave, yet we sin- cerely hope that the good fortune of a blood- less victory, which came to the Republic in the beginning, will be long continued. The Conservancy of the Forests. The grave economic question of conserving forests has recently, in several parts of Europe, been made the subject of interesting and in- structive experiments. It used to be the boast of modern civilization that in its march over the globe it had eonquered Nature and subdued the primeval forests which she had planted for the highest and most beneficent ends. Science is beginning to explode this. conceit, and is rendering a great service to. mankind by exposing its fallacy. Itis impossible to glance over the climatic history of the Old World or the New without dis- covering that marked changes have taken place, even within the period of authentic annals. There are now no such climates in Central Europe as were described, with no exaggerated pen, by the writers and warriors who chroni- cled the march of the old Romanarmies, Since the close of the eighteenth century we read of no such spectacle as the freezing over of the Baltic, the Zuyder Zee, the Hellespont and the Black seas, which, at various times previously, had been covered with solid bridges of ice. And, if we may credit the keen and cautious tes- timony of such observant historians of Ameri- can colonial climate as Volney, Rush, Samuel Williams and Mr. Jefferson, there can be little doubt that in the last century the country east of the Alleghanies haa undergone a decided physical deterioration. The denudation of the soil has long sinee attracted the serious concern and stimulated the stringent legislation of nearly every coun- try in Europe. Not long since experiments were made in Germany which demonstrated the fact that the oak tree discharges from its leaves an amount of evaporation more than eight timeg, as great as the rainfall over the area, of soil which it shades. As this exness of water must be drawn up by the roots of the oak from great depths, thé inference is that trees prevent the drying of the climate by restoring to the air the moisture which would be borne in destructive torrents to the ocean. In the French department of the Hautes Alpes (where the ravages of the axe threatened to spoil the land of its har- vests), the compulsory covering of the de- nuded and barren tracts with fresh turf and render them retentive restored their pristine * | vegetation is found to of the rain, and has quently swept off. Buch results can goareely be sttrikn%ed to | divine grace, to which wo have ‘The discussion of the bill for the dissolution of the National Assembly and the election and Convocation of the constituent Cortes pro- verdute, while the streams have become lew) should pray for. turbid and violent, and the bridges leas fy6- | Christian sonse is ‘a conversation with g | The Projects and Troubles of the | any other causdthan the partial replacement of the natural and n.cessary protection which Mother Earth temain healthy and prolife. sae Srepeecort that scien! not establish a climatic change in’, of the United States, oy gd of more than three or four degrees of tempen* ture, and that this is scarcely worth notice.‘ But the figures of science, not unlike the solemn stones of the graveyard which once excited Sydney Smith’s ready wit, are by no means unimpeachable. A difference in temperature of a single degree may make a great difference in the amount of water condensed from a passing vapor-laden wind upon our hill tops and valloys. It is carefully and minutely re- corded by the great physicist, the late Sir John Herschel, that during his residence at the Cape of Good Hope he had often noticed, even in the rainy season, that while standing under the trees of Table Mountain the shower would be copious, a few hundred yards thence in tho open space not a drop of rain was fall- ing. If meteorologists could prove that the temperature of our climate has been modified by only two or three degrees (which they have no data to prove) of change, the argument would be of no weight against the alleged deterioration, since such @ thermal modifica- fion extending over an immense territory would make an enormous aggregate. There can be no doubt that the country east of the Mississippi now suffers incalculably from the deforesting of a century. We have just seen that in mid-winter, after a heavy snow, a day or two ofsunshine suffices to dissolve and dis. lodge the frozen mantleand send it gliding on’ its unimpeded way from'the mountaits’ to the river beds, there to form the most danger- ous floods and ice gorges. In Summer, al- though swept by the broad equatorial current and the southwesterly winds—bearing: just ) overhead the evaporation of the Gulf and the ) tropical Atlantic—the same section is sorély scorched by the sun, and its people, in the vory sight of the sea, have almost to cry out with the ‘Ancient Mgriner,”” Wieror eratee evetywhere, and nét’' a drop td In many parts of Europe strenuous efforts are beitig made to encourage the restoration of forests in districts which have been ‘stripped of their’ timber, and legislation has been neces- sarily and extensively exercised. |The conser- vation of American forests, from the very geography of the country, is moro impera- \ tively demanded than in the more moist sec- tions of the Old World. The next Congress cannot spend a portion of ita time better than thking proper action upon this grave subject of national importance. F Sermons, Sensible and Sensational. The “sensational’’ enters a little more into the sermons which we present to-day than was the case n'week ago. Two topics are now be- fore the community demanding attention. One, the religious amendment to the constitu- tion, by which sin is to be legislated out and holiness legislated into our land. To thie. topic Rev. Henry Powers devoted some time: and thought yesterday. He gave a brief: sketch of the association which purposes. to accomplish this great work by suita-° ble enactments of Congress and of the several States. It sppears that tho association has been nine years in existence ; and, though originally started by Scotch and ' Irish Presbyterians, it now embraces eminent. representatives of every denomination, busi- ness and professional calling. Its authors and supporters openly declare their object to, be to enforce: the sacredness of the Christian: Sabbath, marriage and the reading of the Bible in the public schools, the suppression of blasphemy and licentiousness, the closing of public libraries on Sunday, and the setting: aside of State legislation when it shall not be- in barmony with their ideas. In. short, as Mr. Powers showed from the quo- tations of the leaders of this party, itisa second ‘Know Nothing,” or ‘Native Ameri= can” party. And if it carries its point. it will place under the ban every Israclite,, liberak Christian, atheist, Free Religionist, Secularist and Positivist among us, and will, furthermore, abrogate the third section of article.6 of: tha constitution, which forever prohibits religious tests as qualifications for office or trust under the United States. While Mr. Powers. ad- mitted that this proposed amendment might give us Crédit Mobilier Christians or subsidy Christians, instead of some of those who are now in office, he opposed it because it is anti- Christian, un-American and revolutionary. The other topic which so greatly agitatea the public mind at this time is the execution! of the death penalty on murderers and ag directed especially toward Foster. To this subject Mr. S. J. Stewart gave a little time and thought. He insisted on the Scripture requirement that “‘whoso sheddeth man’s blood by man shall his blood be shed,”’ and sternly rebuked that ‘morbid, wishy-washy, luke~ warm sentiment of society dribbling out its whimpering prayer, crammed with senti- mental nonsense, for the life of the man who recently robbed it of one of its members.’’ Qne week society cries out for vengeance and blood, and another it vents @ poetic prayer in ex- tenuation of crime. ‘The ruffian,’’ said Mr. Stewart, ‘puts his hand into his pocket, takes out his pistol and shoots a citizen, and when he is convicted society puts its hand into its takes out its handkerchief and weeps. Poor creature! Its tenderness will tause ite death.” From his premise Mr. Stewart cer- tainly drew a logical conclusion, namely— that “if an ezample is not sende of some of these men the generation of tho twentieth cen- tury will be an clegant gang of cutthroats and murderers.” On this topic, also, Mr. Frothingham dis- coursed, especially inculeating the idea that the sentiment of revenge should be put away from punishment. The prejudice against tho death penalty, he said, is so strong and stub- born that it can be inflicted only againat a vagabond who has no money to pay counsel, and no relatives to intercede for him, Mr. Frothingham thinks that “if Foster is released from his fate there ia no need of bringing a fel- low creature to the gallows.” But ho is opposed tothe death penalty for tho reason, among others, that statistics prove that ‘where death is deetoed crime is greater, and where death is t% the penalty crime is less." l. ‘Dr. McGlynn dofined what prayer ia, how we should pray and what wa Prayer in its broadest God.” It prepares the soul to receive tha no righs bal