The New York Herald Newspaper, January 16, 1873, Page 4

CUBA BY RAIL. From Havana to Villa Clara Through the Island. AN ABOLITIONIST CUBAN PLANTER. The Complaint of Two Exchequers Draining Cuba. : BARRAOKS, BUT NO SOHOOLHOUSES. Sunday Scenes Among the Slaves of the Antilles. THE REGION OF HOSTILITIES. Seattered Bands that Keep Up Spanish Garrisons. ANOTHER YEAR OF THE REBELLION CERTAIN, Our: Special Commissioner Starts “at His Own Risk.” Vinita CLARA, Dec. 30, 1872. After waiting patiently at Havana four days tor my credula, or permission to travel, I was informed by the Consul that the authorities would issue none until the 24 of January. Thinking that I had already been delayed a sufficient length of time by this humbug I expressed my opinion pretty freely on the matter and informed the Consul that, with permission or without, I would set out on the fol- lowing morning unless the police arrested me, His advice was not to attempt to do so, but as I had made up my mind he vis¢d my passport for this town, where I arrived yesterday without any trouble or interference from the Spanish officials. If they only continue to let me severely alone I shall get on allright. Travelling in this country is by no means the pleasant distraction it can be made in the United States or in Europe. The trains for the most part start at the most unrea- sonable hours, and as there is only one train each day between distant points the traveller is obliged to get up some time in the middle of the night in order not to lose the solitary chance he possesses of reaching his destination. It was with some feeling of regret that I quitted Havana, for in the few days passed in that city I had,become intimate, or rather lid, wit a good many of the editors, who are constantly threatening the United States with 800 years of war and desolation; but, however Tarouches they may be in print, in the intercourse of daily life they are charming and agreeable com- panions. It was, I confess, with SOMETHING OF MISGIVING that for the first time I entered the precincts of the Diarto dela Marina and the Voz de Cuda, the very strongholds of volunteer sentiment. Nor were my first impressions of one of these redoubtable bu- reaus at all favorable. There was something mys- terious and gloomy in it that consorted badly with | my preconceived ideas of what a newspaper office should be. Iam not sure that Idid not start on meeting the familiar form of a type stand set up beneath the arched entrance, under the delusion = that it was some instru- ment of torture for the punishment of any one who dared to express an opinion that Spanish rule in Cuba was not the most enlightened, liberal and paternal. Mounting the broad flight of stone steps, that look dingy and time worn, there was an al- most irrepressible inclination to peer into the cor- ners lest some enraged volunteer, mistaking me for the expected H&RaLp filibuster, should bring my mission and my cares to an end with a sweep of his machete, All these impressions, however, vanished on reaching the editorial rooms. There Teigned here an air of order and respectable an- tiquity strangely contrasting with the progressive and not gver orderly appearance of some American newaiatte establishments. The heavy desks, and their silent, grave-looking Occupants appeared to me asifthey might have belonged to a past age, when the laborious clerk wrote unceasingly with beautiful flourish of pen. duced into the sanctum sanctorum, and made known to the famous SENOR JUAN DE ARIZA, the ablest champion of the Spanish cause in Cuba, He received me with all the polished courtesy of the o1d school, to which he is proud to belong, and expressed himself favorable to the carrying out of my mission. He also promised to use his influence to prevent any obstacie being thrown in my way, In person Sefior de Ariza is of medium size, with a well-formed head, which impresses one rather as penetrative than as broggl or powertul in its char- acter. Oautious in the expression of his opinions, he strikes one as diplomatic rather than candid, and his phraseology is polished rather than forci- bie or convincing. SIGNOR CONTI, the editor of the Voz de Cuba, on the contrary, is * vehement and passionate in the expression of his convictions, and has more of the vivacity of the Frenchman than of the formality of the Spaniard, Neither approved of the excesses committed by the volunteers, or, as they charge, by a portion of them; but the manner in which the dissent was in each case expressed was characteristic of the man, There were others, too, not less interesting, but hot so prominent, whose semblanza I will one day try to sketch for the American public; but for the present they must remavi in shadow. LEAVING Ha7ANA BY RAIL, At ten minutes to six A. M. a ferryboat, built on the American model, carried me to the east side of the harbor, landing the passengers quite close to @ long, low brick structure, having outwardly the appearance of achurch. At first 1 was inclined to think that one of these buildings had been turned to account, but my opinion became modified on entering. Most of the steamboat passengers were, in the phrase of the country, embarked on the rail- way. It wouid be dificult to find anywhere a more motiey assemblage. Inthe five minutes that our passage across the harbor occupied 1 had ample opportunity to note the peculiar features of the scene, The dim lamps threw a faint and sickly light over the passengers, who were of many races and various colors, There were the planters and their slaves, the curious traveller and the business men, all forming a strange and weird picture under the flickering light of the oil lamps. For the most part the negroes and Chinese carried with them bundles, which, in all probability, contained ail their Worldly goods. They appeared to .be WKETOHED BRINGS, IGNORANT AND DEGRADED to the last degree. A few coolie servants pre- served by good fortune their appearance as rational beings; but those whom a sad fate-had condemnea to the labors of the field gave evidence in their per- sons of the brutalizing influence of slavery in its worat forms. The colored men on board the little ferryboat were the first specimens of plantation slaves that I had seen, and the impression they made on my mind was certainty very unfavorable to the system—an impression that farther acquaint- ance with this sad subject has intensified, Before the starting of the train 1 was introduced to A CUBAN GENTLEMAN on his way to his estate. He wasa slave-owner, but he frankly admitted to me that the system was demoralizing and indefensible. He said that were it not for the suspicion and hatred he would draw upon himself he would at once free his slaves; pnt that as he could not do this he treated them ith justice ant humanity. In order to allow ine to a for myself he pressed me to visit his estate, ing tO explain to me its most intimate p edd és it would have invoived I was immediately intro- | NEW’ YORK HERALD, THURSDAY,’ JANUARY’ '16, 1873.TRIPLE) SHEET. the loss of a day and what I would see would be an | in tho separation of Cuba from Spain through the exceptional state of affairs I declined the invita- mention that before leaving me this gentleman impressed on my mind the danger that would come to him in case I should speak of him by name. “Already,” said he, “Iam REGARDED WITH HOSTILITY by the other slave-owners because I do not treat my slaves as they do, and if it were known that I and deprive me of my property.” Like the majority of intelligent Cubans, this gentleman looks for- the United States, and the present system of mili- end. to the insurrection, combined threatening aspect of afaira in Spain, tend to increase the desire {elt by the intelkgent tion with the great Republic, Nor are their aspi- Spanish pride and intolerance have offended their amour propre, but they see a large part of their produce going to fill out of the pockets of the Cuban producer, while he derives no possible benefit except the presence of Spanish officials, and with these he is only too will- ing to dispense. As the present season is remark- ably wet itis not likely that military operations can be carried on with any success against the in- surgents, and during the Summer an attempt to undertake an active campaign WOULD COST SPAIN HALF HER ARMY; so that we may confidently look to the contin- uance of the war in its present state for another year, unless circumstances arise in the meantime such as would give a new aspect to the struggle. Unfortunately my companion left me at an early stage of the journey, but during our short ac- quaintance he did much to enlighten me on the true state of Cuban feeling, as well as on the hopes and aspirations of his people. As we moved slowly out of the plain but neat lit- we station the morning sun was smiling through the dark drifting clouds. On either side of the country groves of pa:m trees rose gracefully from the green cane fields, and here and there groups.of dDonios, with their thatch of palm leaf, lent picturesqueness and interest to the country. Their situations were generally happily chosen in glades and valleys, in small patches of cultivation, where the banana and a little corn seemed to be the al- } most exclusive articles grown. These were the | homes of the natives, who, being of a philosophic turn of mind, think that it is BETTER TO ENJOY LIFE THAN TO DIE RICH. Hence they preier cockfighting te the labor of the flelds, and so long as their immediate wants are | Supplied care littie about how the world wags. | Such a life may not be all that a political economist or a moralist would desire, but it 1s not without its compensations, at least for such as are fond of the cock pit. Atall the railway stations we met | groups of wretched looking negroes and China- men, At first I could not make out what they were about, as fer the most part they seemed to have no definite business, The puzzle was, however, solved for me by a fellow passenger, who informed me that, it being Sunday, the negroes and coolies, | or at least some of them, were permitted to come down to the station in the HOPE OF EARNING A FEW CENTS | by carrying passengers’ luggage, if a chance should olfer. A more important feature, however, was | furnished by the appearance of two soldiers, of the guardia civil, who passed through the train in search of suspicious persons, I did not appear to them as dangerous, 80 1 was not interfered with; but one Cuban-looking youth, with a dark mus- tache, who had the misfortune to be reading, was at once challenged. A man who reads in Cuba is BVIDENTLY A DANGEROUS PERSON, and authority keeps its eye upon him. In the present case, however, there was nothing in a book. His credula was all right and he was al- lowed to proceed; but I remarked no one went near that young man up to the time he quit the train, and not the slightest remark was openly made about the incident, though every one looked in an indescribable but perfectly passionless way at each other, . ARRIVED AT MATANZAS, after a good run of four hours, we stopped for vhalf an hour for breakfast. Under the direction of a fellow passenger, who knew the road well, I abandoned my, Inggage to a muchacho, upon whom I kept my eye, as these gentry are said to be somewhat like the fabled leprechauns, once you jose sight of them they are gone for ever, In the neighborhood of the station we found a large Jonda, or native hotel, where, passing through the court yard or patio, we found ourselves comfort- ably seated in @ neat little room. It would have been impossible to get as good a breakfast ata European or an American station 1n the same space of time, and I felt something like gratitude to the enterprising proprietor as I rose with the con- sciousness that the meal was to be my only sup- port until late in the evening. On quitting Matanzas the line of railway sweeps into the interior and for some time we passed through valleys of circular formation, bounded hy low hills. As we advanced the hills were lost in elevation, and finally seemed to have been swallowed up in the ground, The fertility of the land had increased at every league, and the patches of forest were no longer met with in prox- imity to the railway. On either hand extended vast expanses of waving verdure, broken only by the graceful form of some lonely palm tree that scemed to nod its tufted head in response to the obsequious bowing of its graceful but weak com- panions of the cane feld, It would be futile to at- tempt to paint with words to the eye ofthe imagina- tion the beauty of color and form of the scenery which passed as in a panorama before me, In the midst of this beautiful country Bomba, the point er junction for the lines of Cardenas, Matanzas and Naragas, is situated. Here there was a delay of an hour, and I had time to observe the motley gather- ing that formed a fair representation of the popu- | lation of the island. NEGROES, COOLIES, SOLDIERS AND GUARDIA CIVIL make up the majority. It really appears tome very wonderful how Spain can afford to keep so many soldiers under arms. Wherever one turns a soldier looms in sight. As they are very expensive luxuries and not at all productive, no doubt the over-charged Spanish exchequer will eventually break down under the strain. I could not heip thinking how much better it would be for the men, as well as for Cuba, if these strong fellows, and the soldiers are the flower of the population, would | turn their machetes to their peaceful use instead of | hacking human beings to pieces. But it is idle to hope this so long as a dominant class for their own benefit can persuade the Spanish people that patriotism demands the retention of Cuba and the support of the slavemasters’ power, Not that the Spanish people derive any benefit from their con- nection with the “Ever Faithful Isle,” for even the boldest pretender will scarcely venture to advance such a statement. To THE OFFICIAL CLAss, however, Cuba has been, and still continues to be, areal El Dorado. Here the dissipated fortune of the needy noble 18 repaired, and the riches of the grasping adventurer are gathered. I am not now alluding to the fortunes made by the successtul im- migrants, by means more or less honest, but to that mysterious accumulation of wealth by officials with fixed salaries, very little in excess of their expenditare, which 18 not altogether unknown to | the oficial class in our own country. As tnere is no public opinion, in the sense we use the phrase, in Spain, the protests against the abandonment of Cuba by the mother country proceed principally from this interested class, whose motives are very easily understood. From what I ward to the time when Cuba shall form a part of | tants of the country h: have already seen I think it would be much better for Spain to sell Cuba to the United States, with the consent of the population, than te continue an interminable struggle which will eveatually interference of third parties. T have before tion for the present with thanks, As an indication | stated, 1 aave no faith in the power of the Cubans ofthe state of afuirs in this island, I will only | to free thomselves. What epecimpas I have seen of them are ‘WANTING IN THE STAMINA OF THE SPANISH SOLDIER, and though they may be brave enough, they do not appear to have the backbone of the old Spaniard. The true cause of the physical degeneration of the people ts tobe found in slavery, which, by degrad- ing labor, made it distasteful. So far as I have was prepared to go the length of abolition no } seen, there are no athletic sports patronized by means would be neglected to drive me from Cuba the people, and as a result theit bodies have lost the rude strength which only labor or manly exer- cisea can retain among a people. The inhabi- not the robust constitu- tions that we find among. the peasantry of other tary despotism and terrorism be brought to an | lands, but resemble more the weak and degenerate The impossibility of putting an end | inhabitants of the towns. The most hardy and with the {| vigorous part of the population are THR NEGROES, who, in spite of the overwork to which they are classes among the native population for annexa- | condemned, the brutal treatment they receive and the want of proper nourishment, are physically the rations in this direction altogether free from the | most capable of resisting the action of the climate, promptings of self-interest. It is not alone that | This is especially the case with tho free negroes, who, both in intelligence and physical strength, surpass their enslaved brothers, For the most part these people avoid the labor of the flelds, and are THE RIVAL BXCHBQUERS OF SPAIN AND AMBRICA | tO be found in the towns engaged in many kinds of in the shape of protective tariff, which would be | trade, but principally as coachmen, postilions and avoided by entering the Union. The United States | servants, They exhibit the same fondness for imposes @ heavy tariff on Cuban sugar, and in re- | dress and display that. they are noted for in the tallation the Spanish government lays a heavy tax | States, and, so far as I can judge, seem to be peace- on American flour. Both taxes in the end are paid | able and orderly members of the community. From the moment we leit Bomba until we reached Alvarez, a little pueblo on the edge of an extensive forest, the only incident worthy of note was the passage through a new town which has been christened Colon, after the great discoverer of America, It is a neat and prosperous looking place, resembling so, strongly an American town: that I was at first inclined to think it was an Amer- ican colony. Most of the houses are constructed of wood, with verandas in the Amer- ican style, but many of the buildings are of stone. Two important structures in course of erection particularly attracted my attention, and on inquiry I found they were the Governor's house and the barracks. This showed me at once that it was only American in outward appearance, for had the spirit of our republican institutions penetrated the community they would have built A SCHOOLHOUSE INSTEAD OF A BARRACKS. It may be as well to remark here that since I have been in Cuba I have seen no traces of any- thing which could claim to be a public school, and the few claimants to the distinction of being schools at all that Ihave seen are simply places where children receive a very elementary educa- tion. Nothing is more noticeable to an American than the complete absence of books in the houses. It is only in the very best houses that even a small collection of works can be found, and, except in very rare cases, these collections have not the slightest pretension to be considered a library. Anxious to get a glimpse into the mode of thought of the people, as seen in their songs, I endeavored to obtain a small volume of Cuban melodies, but, to my surprise, I was informed that NO COLLECTION OF NATIONAL SONGS EXISTED. There were a few published on sheets, but this was all, Soon after we left the promising town of Colon behind the character of the country began to change. The soil appeared less rich and less care- fully cultivated. The fincas no longer extended to the horizon, and the clustering bohios, with their groves of banana and patches of corn, came once more prominently into view. The country gradu- ally became more wooded, and at Alvarez I found myself on the edge of a forest, and at the same moment WITHIN THE REGION OF HOSTILITIES. ; Up to this point the guardia civit had performed the duty of gendarmes and were in all cases neatly and tidily dressed in their holiday suits. They were in all cases armed with the machete, or sidearm, and I hau become so used to their visits that I paid no more attention to them. The train had stopped a few minutes and I had satisfied my- self that there was nothing to be seen, when suddenly my attention was attracted by the heavy trampling of one pair of feet and tremendous clanging of spurs, and ringing of sabre. My first impression was that the commandatore from the opera had broken loose and was practising his awful stride in a moment of forgetfulness. As the noise came closer I ventured to look around and just at my elbow was a soldier, with rife carbine at the support, sabre at his side and cartouchitre filled with cartridges, booted, spurred, mustached and, in tact, looking gener- ally grim and ferocious, He spoke not a word, nor deigned to notice even with a glance the passen- gers, but arriving at the end of the car and finding no fit subjecg for ball practice, turned on his heel and strode out in the same silent and terrible man- ner in which he came in. I confess I felt relieved when that apparition of an old Ironsides was gone, for he looked like @ person that would SHOOT ON THE SLIGHTRST PROVOCATION. It required no ghost to tell me the signification ofthe sudden change in the equipment and man- ner of our soldier visitors, I had seen that sort of thing before, and was not astonished tn the least when a@ communicative neighbor informed me, deprecatingly, that there were algunos partidos about. On consulting an excellent map of Cuba, Published in 1869, I find that in that year this very point also marked the limit of the Cuban insurrec- tion, and here we are after four years of war, Waged, as the Spaniards assure us, with success, with an insurrection diminished in force, it is true, but extending over the exact ground that it did four years ago. This was the very information I proposed to gain in passing through the centre of the ismnd, The Spaniards claim to have reduced the Cinco Villas to order, and, so far as holding possession of the towns, they have done so, but to pretend that anything like the security which we look for in a civilized country in a state of peace exists is simply to deceive the world as to the real state of affairs. The Insurrection never obtained control of this department, because the nature of the country is unfavorable to the only mode of war which they can successfully practise against the better armed and disciplined troops of Spain. The bands have, therefore, been exposed to more dim- culties, and have not been able to assume the pro- portions reached in the Central Department, bu they are suMciently numerous to MAKE TRAVELLING UNSAFE, and to render it necessary for Spain to garrison every little point at all exposed to attack. How- ever small the number of these partisans may be they render considerable service to the cause of the insurrection, by making it impossible for the Spanish troops to concentrate their whole strength in the Central and Oriental departments. CUBAN DELIGHTS OF TRAVEL. We found the station at St. Domingo, where the line of railway on which we had travelled ter- minated, filled with a curious threng, who pre- vented the free movement of the passengers, who were engaged in frantic efforts to buy tickets and obtain possession of their luggage in order to re- ship it for Las Cruces. Witn a view to augment- ing the confusion the officials refused to take the paper currency of the country, and such as were unprovided with plata were engagea making frantic appeals to the clerks to charge the differ- ence and not cause the unfortunates to lose the train. In most cases, 1 believe, this was done, but not until the officials made the mere public understand how much THEY OWED TO THE “CONDESCENSION” of their lords and masters—the railway clerks. The same farce was renewed at Las Cruces, where We Were again obliged to have our baggage trans- ferred, and, of course, had to pay the clerk a con- sideration for his goodness. Ido not believe that the railway derives a revenue much in excess of the salary of the officials charged with this bureau, and to my mind the only reason for its existence 139 to force the passengers to submit to petty annoy- ances and vexation of spirit, all for the good of their souls or otherwise. At last when the shadows of evening were closing rapidly over the way we reached Esperanza, a village next to Villa Clara; but what it was like I could not perceive through the gloom that now surrounded us, It was A NAMB OF GOOD avauRyY, conferred, no doubt, by some unhappyswain who hed been doomed to make this long and weart- some journey, Night comes so rapidly in these climes that though we stand in the shadow of night the distant horizon is still lighted with the gorgeous hues of the setting sun. After a short run the train stopped with a shock, and my neigh- bor, starting up suddenly, said to me, “Ya estamos en villa Clara.” THE HERALD’S OUBAN EXPEDITIONS. {From the Indianapolis Journal, Jan. 13.) The New York Axzrawp recently sent a special Correspondent to Cuba, who is now furnishing that Paper very full and interesting accounts of the Guban war and other matters pertaining to the in- ternal affairs of the island, As much of the intel- ligence from Cuba is vague, unreliable and contra- ictory, these letters from a trustworthy Ameri- can correspondent are likely to be read with spe- Cal interest and to have much weight in shaping public sentiment touching Cuban affairs, It appears that the law passed by the Spanish Cortes for the abolition of slavery in Cuba is a dead letter, and there is neither power, Ror, perhaps, any disposition on the part of the Spanish authorities to enforce it. Like the old Southern alave-owners, the estate owners in Cuda are un to mannmit their slaves, but are using aye osatble effort to prevent the enforcement of the aw, Efforts are Dow making to raise a latge sum of money with which to buy UP the Cortes and procure a repeal of the law, and an assessment is being made on the whole body of Cuban slaveholders for that UTPOBE, Nothing SpproxtaeDe to a free press exists Cuba, and the re , according to Mr. Henderson, is constantly exercised over it would be intolerable to a people with any free impulses about them. Not a line of any kind of news—even the most harmless local item—can be printed without the permission of the censor. Even business advertisements have to receive his approval before they can be published, Every telegram has also to be revised by him, and, as this distinguished functionary closes office at five o’clock every afternoon, it may be readily im- | agined that the Cuban papers are not models in point-of fresh news or independent comment. As for the rebellion, which has now been going on nearly five years, Mr. Hendérson is of opinion that it will be impossible for Spain ever to regain undisputed control of this island, though the slave- holders and aristocrats are all on her side, The rebels are not able to meet the Spanish forces in the fleld; but they do not propose this, They in- tend to maintain the present guerilla warfare till Spain becomes tired of losing men and money in hopeless confitct. The losses of the Spanish lng from sickness are said to be frightiul, and it is wit the fr entens difficulty that Spain maintains even a small army in the island. WOMAN'S NOBLEST WORK. | He tostifed th The Twelfth Anniversary of the Woman’s Union Missionary Society in Brooklyn—The Mis- sionary Work in China—Female Chil- dren Strangled as Soon as They Are Born—An Appeal for Aid. The Woman's Union Missionary Society held its twelfth annugl meeting yesterday afternoon in Dr. Storr’s church, Remsen and Henry streets, Over three hundred ladies were present, many of whom had come from New York, Jersey City and Staten Island to attend the anniversary. They were of all ages—young and blushing maidens and dignified matrons had joined in this work. The business meeting was preceded by a pleasant social gathering. The services were opened with Scriptural readings by Rev. Dr. Seever. After a touching prayer a hymn was sung by all present, Rev. Dr. Wild, of the Methodist Church, read some extracts of the annualreport. Reviewing our past work, he said, we rejoice that itis by the spirit of God that this struggle is maintained. While the degrading influences of heathenism are . first seen in the condition of woman, so the effects of this missionary work are first seen in the light- ening the burden OF THE MOTHER AND THE WIFE, Nowhere are these effects more perceptible than in Japan. The Union Church of Yokohama already embraces six evangelical denominatians, Several of the lady missionaries in that city write that the Japanese women are marvellous in their progress. Miss Pierson reports the baptism of the first Japanese woman in Yokohama, After she had been baptized she exclaimed in Japanese, “Now I belong to Jesus!” In China the work meets almost insurmountable obstacles, Seven Chinese women have been re- ceived in the Home, but access to the women of the higher classes has, as yet, been utterly denied. A great deal more could be accomplished if the mis- sionaries only possessed suficient access. In Burman the fleld is much more encouraging, Miss Higby writes that her school is flourishing. One of her former Burmah pupils is at present hi assistant. In Calcutta forty teachers are instruct- ing 800 Indian children. Thanks to the NOBLE-MINDEDNESS OF AMERICAN LADIES, @ hospital for children has been opened. Some of the pupils can explain many passages of the sible admirably. In Greece several schools for girls are doing excellent work. The society has maintained during the past year twenty-nine missionaries and cies Native teachers and supported 119 children. The report of the Treasurer was then read. $41,106 87 was spent last year on missionary work in India, Japan, China, Turkey, Mexico and other countries. The Rey. William Scudder, of India, spoke about the condition of women in India. He said Chrigtianity is the only religion which gives woman her proper station. The women of india are not over-worked, but as regards social life they are almost in a condition of slavery. If a female child is born in a Hindoo family it is considered a great calamity. A Hindov considers it one of the Sian calamities of his life not to have a male heir. n THE MARRIAGE CEREMONY IS PERFORMED when the girl is two, tnree or four years old. even if she were her. But Wh up they would not consult If the temperament of the bride and bride- groom are ere to agree everything is all right. If a lizard on the wall utters a certain sound then the marriage contract will be signed, not otherwise. The wife is never allowed to sit with her husband at dinner, but she has to cook the food and eat whatever he leaves on the table. She is entirely under the control of her mother-in-law, and the idea of an Indian mother-in-law sends a chill through one’s body. If her husband dies she becomes an outcast irom society, her head is shaved and she is never allowed to go to any place of festivity. The wife, not finding any love in her husband’s heart, encourages the advances of any- | body who treats her with kindness. Of course THE WOMEN RULE THERE, nevertheless, as they do everywhere. A Hindoo woman has her peculiar way of carrying her points, She runs away to her father’s house, she deprives her husband of his meals; she lies down at the door, so that her husband has to tread on her every time he leaves or enters the house. Rev. Dr. Riley, of Mexico, then delivered an address. He said he had been in Africa and Asia. He saw the women in a state of wretched slavery, and then he came to Christian countries and saw women honored, beloved, respected. What is the difference ? Jesus—the Christian faith. He spoke of the great needs of missionaries, and hoped that these noble Christian women would support them not meanly, but generously. Shall the bride of Christ cover herself with diamonds and revel in luxuries in order to forget the sweet command of Jesus, and leave perishing souls to their sad doom ? Christian sisters, rise to the presence ofJesus. You will never regret what you gave for the missionary cause, Rev. Dr. Talmadge, of China, said THE CONDITION OF THE CHINESE WOMEN was better, in some respects, than in India. Tne women of China, the widows in particular, have more liberties. In all my experience in China, where I have spent thirty years, I have never seen an unmarried woman of twenty-five years. There is no equivalent for ‘‘old maids’ in the Chinese language. Why is this? Because most of the female children are strangied a8 soom as they are born. This will tell you the condition of women in China. | cording to an old Chinese doctrine, woman bas no moral character. The Gospel teaches these men that their daughters have immortal souls a8 well as their sons, God is throwing this nation 0) for noble Christian work. He said many of st Workers in the Christian schools in China | reak down for want of nourishing food. They live on $6 or $6 a month. We have opened a school for girls. The Gospel can save even these little girls, but we have to turn many scholars away, because we would have to board them, and this Would cost $15 a year. We have no mi Filteen dollars @ year to save &@ soul! § lend your aid to this noble work, The meeting then adjourned. STREET CLEANING, The Superintendent of tne Street Cleaning Bu- reau has managed to get himself into trouble with the President of the Dry Dock, East Broadway and Battery Railroad through causing his men to fling the snow piled up on both sides of the thorough. fares of the line of railroad upon the tracks. ‘iho snow was heaped up to such an extent in the mid- es. CREDIT MOBILIER. Proceedings of Poland vestigating Committee. Examination of Thomas C. Durant and 0. 8. | Bushnell—Brooks’ Special Agreement—He ', Claimed 200 Shares, but Durant Refused Them—$10,000 for Harlan’s Election in Jowa—Bushnell Sees Virtue in WasuINdrON, Jan. 15, 1873. The spectal committee of the House, of which Judge Poland 13 chairman, to inquire into the Crédit Mobilier, charges, resumed its seasion at ten a'clock to-day, and continued the examination SrA ta ae ang on re ven Mr, Brooks, with the 10) shares sft onale Mobilis, Brooks claimed more than 100 shares of Oredit: Mobilier, 4 the igpnipecries was made on Pacific Railroad stock re onan TaN TO HR, Rooms ap oreipRnpe »bilier ; of Credit Mobille ios to the Amos couteact ware ligue and did not amount much; the Oakes Ames contract was mado subject to ¢ approval in writing of all the stockholders of the inion Pacific Railroad Company ; the special agreement rar ‘and Al ine the Gredit ‘Mobilier stock at that Eme was of eubtna Value; Mr. Brooks took an active interest in the construction of the Union perio oad ; Mr. Brooks claimed. that he was entitled to $20,000 of Credit Mobilier stock under the special agree: ment, and witness did not want to lot him have that que hb, as the stock had increased in value; "MEN witness had taken the increase’ made directly or indirectly ot any. member of Congress bei influenced by Credit Mobilier stock; witness claims stock standing in Mr, Ames’ name as trustee belongs to to the company, and he has a suit against Mr. Ames to re- cover, if he can ever catch him in New York to serve the made arrangements to let are member of longress have stock except in the cuse of Mr. Boyer, of Pennsylvania, and Mr. Brooks; he supposed the road was through with anything it wanted in Congress; WAS NOT AFRAID OF ANY CONGRESSIONAL INVESTIGATION ; thought the first mortgage bonds and Union Pacific stoek jiven Mr. Brooks were worth about nine thousand dol- lars; witness was then fiom better off than if he had let him ‘have 200 shares ot the Credit Mobilier, as Mr. Brooks claimed Credit Mobilier at that time was worth atleast two hundred; never knew of anything belongin; pL Mobilier being used toin@uence members of Con- 8, sath pe ‘By Mr. BrooksFirt had business fransactions with Mr. Brooks in 1866 or 1867; Mr. Brooks made a great effort so ehetg Stedit Mobilier stock taken in New York, but BO it, on the ground that the enterprise was too distant and out among the savages. ‘MR, BROOKS MIGHT HAVE HAD $500,000 in Crédit Mobilier in 1806 it he had wanted it; regarded it as patriotic in Mr. Brooks to spend his time in efforts to build the Pacific Railroad; the government surveys were of no use in ane the road; Mr. Brooks created ® favorable imp1 for the stock, although he was not able to have it put upon the market. By Mr. Niblack—State whether the Union Pacific, or meD connected with that enterprise, were not called upon to assist in the Senatorial election in 1866. and 1807 in Iowa. A. Ido not recollect; I did assist myself; I had large interort in Iowa myself, and during tlie canvass I assist it has been stated to me that, you $10,00040 assist in thatelection? A. I ai checks tor $5,000 each. Can you explain the history of those checks and tor, what purpose were they given? A. For the purpose of securing the election, Whose election? A. Harlan’s: for the purpose of se. the influence of some newspapers; f don’t know was applied: Moses H. Grinnell, I believe, sub scribed $5,000 to the General Republican Committee to se- cure the election of Grant; itseemed to have rather gone ast, and I paid it; I nover made any effort to get Senator Darpenter to take an interest in the road. : MR. BUSHNELL EXAMINED, C,H. Bushnell was sworn and stated he came volun- tarily without a summons: he testified that he was a trustee under the Oakes Ames contract after the road had been built to the 100th meridian; the Credit Mobilier ‘as wi BETWEEN THREE AND FOUR MILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN DEBT when the increase of stock was made; witness placed about two hundred and fitty thousand dollars worth of that stock on the market; Mr. Ames was also making strenuous efforts to fet the stock on the market; it was finally decided to sell the bonds which they had on hand ; witness was appointed to sell the bonds, and in five or six months $10,000,000 worth of bonds were sold; when the Credit Mobiher got ashore Mr. Ames went’ to his friends in Congress and: out of Congress to get them to take stock, andr ALL MEN WHO DID TARE STOCK SHOULD RE PROUD OF IT; witness had a letter from a prominent bank, where the Credit Mobilier was thrown out, as the bank would have nothing to do with it because they thought there were fraud and corruption; he thought A GREAT WRONG WA BEING DONE BY THIS INVESTIGATION; there was a want of moral courage on the part of certain men who did agree to take the stock, but now would not stand up and say they agreed to take It; never heard Mr. Ames mention having offered the stock to cither Coltax, Blaine, Kelley, Scofield, Garfield, Bingham or Senator Wilson’; witness NEVER OFFERED If TO ANY MEMBER OF CONGRESS; did not think that. Mr. Hooper or Mr. CR TRE COMPROMISE; In Credit Mobilier stock and ; had no knowledge Decl n rave a check for not; I gave two at the beginning; did not think other men should now. By Mr. McCrary—Witness holds $102,009 worth of Credit Mobilier stock, and could not use it now on account Ames ‘was | ashamed of having taken hold, and helped them shrough | thought i ayer's recslection® ‘witness jid not remember o! tribution for anybody for @ flat cae aid Sot thio he had ever made od weer yc tal fires members exp be of most gpod, 3 BAD POLICY TO BREAK HIS KNGAGRMENTS ‘and witness also thought so; witness was surprised that ould be willing to take the stock.at 97; they Hea ene acaral courage fo say they aid so when It wap worth trom 200 to 300 per cent ‘The committee, at six o'clock, adjourned half-past seven o'clock, | Evening Session. \ The Wilson Vommittee met to-night at cight it we . o'clock. . Thomas 0, Durant, sworn, was inte: ted re- garding matters connected with the construction of the Union Pacifio Railroad. The examination ‘was elaborate and minute, the witness answering many of the questions after @ reierence to the books of the Union Pacific and Crédit Mobilier. ART MATTERS. The rest of Mr. Manton’s pictures were disposed of last evening at Leavitt's Art Kooms, Astor place, Among those which excited most interest were the following:—Eliza Koch's ‘Expectation,’ 165 ; J. Carolus, “The Love Letter,” $260; Timmerman*s “Moonlight,” $150. “Scene in Bavaria, Tyrol,” by Clara Folngsby, brought $400, [t presented @ delicious and most elaborately painted sky, and preserves many of the chief character- istics of Tyrolean scenery. Rudolph Epp’s “Frignt- ened at Chimney Sweep”’ brought $290; Steizner’s «Dressing for the Fair,” very fine, $100; Dell ’Acqua’s “Dalmatian Flower Girl,” $500;' Diaz's “Forest in Fontainebleau,” $600; Carmigrani’a “Early Spring Evening, Cunes, Piedmont,” $235 an exquisite bit of still lite by Blaise Desgoffe, $260; Maxime. “J, Olaude’s “L’Educatjon d’Achille,’* $900. “Hendrick F. Schaefel’s *Zpisode in the His- tory of Antwerp, April 4, 1585,’’ painted to order, ‘created considerable excitement. it represents Marina de St. Aldegonde bidding adieu to the Admiral of the fleet, Jacob Jacobson, an‘ the en- gineer, Frederic Gianibelli, previous to their send- ing fireships against the Spaniards. It is full of brilliant color and character, and brought $975, _ after being somewhat warmly contested. Neuhuy’s “Antwerp in the Sixteenth Cen- qury,” held over from Tuesday evening, realized $540; Koekkoek’s “Belgian Landscape,” full of his brilliancy and freedom, brought $200; Viliare Y Oresace representing the traditional “darky that wouldn't go,” went for $320; “Misty Morning in Holland,” the landscape of which was painted by Gabriel and the figures and animals by Eugene Verboeckhoven, realized $500. ‘The bids were somewhat less tardy than on Tuesday even- ing, but the prices generally were low. A sale of more than ordinary interest will ont pes at noon to-day and Arena at at Lp allery of Edward Schenck, No. 60 Liberty street. A fine collection of 178 foreign paintings is to be disposed of, and each picture is guaranteed an original. The artists represented are :—David Col. Fraustadt, Robbe, Vester, J. Kosierse, Gusaf Vam Hoorde, Van den Weng rt, W. J. Boogaerd, Gerard, Charles Leickert, T. Gyselinckx, Lucien Schaefels, ‘'T. Degroot, Biles, William Angus, J. J. M, Damshro- | der, A. Eversen, A. Vermeulen, Van Severdone! Vrolyk, Eugene Verboeckhoven, M. A. Koek- koek, A. Dillens, J. H. Spobler, é. mle H, E, Reyntjens, De La Hoese, Frans Le Bret, 0! Mitte De Senezcourt, Kratke, P. \Willot, Speltdorn, Bur- nier, T. M. 'D ‘Laurent De Beul, Kluy- ver, R. Maes, Joseph Hoevenaer and ‘. Hoevenaer. Among the more salient con-, tributions are J. De Groot's “Grandmother's Birthday,” which is full of feeling and repre- sents a little child, in presenee of its father and (nofner, offering @ birthday dts to its randmother’ Kuwasseg’s “Port of Ker Koven, Bretagne, Sunset,’? ory 8 lurid, tinted sky, Sanity houses, shipping and reflected light; J. ‘orel and F, Van Severdonsck’s ‘Landscape, Sheep and Figures,”’ tn which there are lovely si and foliage, a winding, sunlit road and sufficient figures, haman and animal, to lena it life and Sprightliness; A. Eversen’s “Street Scene in Haar- lem, Holland,” which is very neat and bright; Gustaf Von Hoorde and F, Van Severdonsck’s “Woodland Scene, mas Mebane ee ee in which is very gapelyl alt Painted ea Ny apy +E < iy te’ Bret’s and well ie 7 oung,’’ in which thé rich and dak; ; “Ewe and : wool is exquisitely painted ; C, Kuwasseg’s “Natites,’ | Bretagne,” a picturesque oid mill on one side of ot this investigation; thought a member of Congress hav- ing stock in Credit Mobilier had PERFECT RIGHT 10 vorE National Bank stock. retanting that Mr. ‘k to enable him to 1 engagements which he had entered into previous!. he ‘elt as Mr. Ames had expressed it in one ot his lette: that IF THEY WENT BACK ON CONGRESSWEN after the stock had gone up, when it had been promised them when it was down, Congressmen Would go back on them. (Laughter.) ADJOURNMENT. At five minutes past twelve o'clock the commit- tee adjourned until to-morrow morning at ten o’ciock. PROCEEDINGS OF WILSON'S INVESTI- GATING COMMITTEE. —— + Testimony of H.C. Crane and C. 8, Bushnell—The First Mortgage Bonds—Five Hundred and Forty-five Per Cent of Aggregated Divi- dends on the Ames Contract— Why the Stock Was Increased—No Money Given to Congressmen—Con- gressional Counsel—Pa- triotic! Disbursements. WASHINGTON, Jan, 15, 1873. The Wilson special committee resumed business at half-past eleven o'clock. TESTIMONY OF H. ©. CRANE. H.C. Crane, sworn—He was Assistant Treasurer of the Credit’ Mobilier until Mav, 1887, and was now a stock- holder in that organization: A do. by affidavit was shown the witne names of those holding stock in the U road Compans and Credit Mobilier at the same gether With the dividends; witness testified as to THE CORRECTNESS OF THE RECORD; had no books or papers showing the dividends and allot- ments or the action taken by the Credit Mobilier endor ing and ratitying the Ames contract; Mr. Durant hus Assistant Treasurer and secretary ber, 1867; at the meeting of resolution was passed to purchase THE, FIRST MORTGAGE. BONDS of the Union Pacific Railroad, which the trustees paid for at whatever price was authorized; the books of ‘he trustees of the Ames contract would show what they bought, where they obtained money and all about the transtions. Witness showed that the dividends on the Ames contract aggregated 545 per cent. A RECESS. participate in the business of the House the com- | mittee took a recess until two o'clock this alter- | noon. THE COMMITTEE RESUMED the examination of Mr. Crane at half-past two | o'clock :— On the 2th of Jannary, 1367. the capital stock of the Credit Mobilicr was increased fifty per cent, the in- creased stock being distributed to parties already inter- ested; the dividend of twelve per cent for two years was declared December 28, 1868, and this dividena was on the increased capital of $3,780,000~ | Mr. Swann—What pressing necessity was there for the increase of stock ? A. To raise money to construct the road and not to declare dividends, on Pacific Railroad matters; saw no more impropriety it than one ownin, | In order to afford the members an opportunity to | g! the river contrasting strongly with the bright and | more modern houses on the other; A.J. Wyn- | gaerdt’s “Shepherd in the Woods,” small but ex- | quisite; Frans Le Bret’s “Stable Scene,” in which, | the physiognomy of the sheep is something won- | derful, and P, L. Vuyck's “Cattle,” realizing a sort | of vaccine dolce far nienie, cows affectionately coddling each other and waiting jor the milking maid, These are among the eighty-four pictures that will be sold to-day. To-morrow we shall refer to those which will on Friday come under the ham- mer. This evening and to-morrow evening some paint- ings, embracing a few fine specimens, are to be sold at auction at the Somery Gallery, Fifth avenue and Fourteenth street, Those up for to-morrow evening are the private property of J. W. Ehnin- | ger, N. A The oil paintings for sale this evening | are by foreign as well as resident artists. There | are about two hundred in all, To catch the spirit of a camp meeting and trans- fer to canvas all the idiosyncrasies of such a fes- tival is a task requiring ingenuity, taste, a delicate | Manipulation of accessories, a sympathy with | humor, an appreciation of religious feeling and a | mastery over the contrasts of color and the play of lighand shade. In _ his just-tinished painting en- titled “A Camp Meeting,” the studies of which | Were, we believe, made at Ocean Grove, N. J., Mr. C. G. Rosenberg has proved his possession of sev. eral, if not all, of these requisites, and has toa gret degree triumphed over the serious obstacles which the characteristics of the scenery and of certain ee of this religious annual threw in his way. ‘he parallel monotony of the straight pines, for example, and the massive, rectangular grouping of the black-coated clergy on the platform become very harsh and discordant elements in a picture of this character unless they are amply compensated in other Ways. An artist of less shrewdness would not have deeply felt the necessity of eluding this angularity and stiffness by a lavish variety of curves introduced by innumerable figures, and by a | wealth of expression and attitude such as few | Modern efforts in the same sphere present. About one hundred and fifty different figures are intro- | duced upon the canvas, yet they are so grouped | and contrasted as to please the eye in much the | Same manner as any gay and heterogencous as-* . | | | sembly entertains us when we hold our- self aloof from its commotion, and merely | survey it with @ bird’séye calm. The | average camp meeting unites the two extremes of heaven and earth, religion and the world, God and Mammon, quite as much as the congrega- | tion or a fashionable church or the ceremony of taking the veil, and Mr. Rosenberg has pertina- | clously kept in sight and reproduced this dual ex- pression. The abstracted devotec, the waxed-mus- | tached blood, the infant juse beginning to open the eyes of its consciousness, the clerical saint and his reverend fraternity, the sensual adventurer, the leermg woman of enterprise, the elastic count irl, ping, like ® young blush-rose, from child- hood's clasping tendrils, and looking as though she breathed uttercups and drank the dew of daisies: these and other indivilualities almost as strikin, enter into the Set ole of “The Camp Meeting, and give opportunity for the employment of that rich and varied color, that brilliant light and those admirable forms that have already secured to the artist @ unique reputation tn this class of work. Mr. Rosenberg is also putting the final touches to asmall picture named ‘Waiting,” and represent- ing a somewhat pensive maiden in impatient ex- -pectation of a loitering lover. He said he did not know for whom Oakes Ames held in trust 43 shares of Credit Mobiher stock; par and six months’ interest were paid for them ; the stock was trans- | ferred to Ames by Dillon, who received it from Durant; the transfers were made on the sth and 20:h of January, CORNELIUS $, BUSHNELL'S STATEMENT. | Cornelius S. Bushnell, of New Haven, being sworn, gave an account of his connection with the | Union Pacific Railroad, having procured the first | two millions of dollars for building the road, and | also aconcise history of the road from its com: mencement to its completion. The company, he | said, expect such an increase of business this year astoenable it to meet all legal obligations, In saneee QUESTION BY THD CHAIRMAN, Witne gs arte and Southern Paciflc Rallronds. wonld intenfere vwith “the business of the Union Pacitle, last named would make up) in min: dat, ad other. developments of the country fat “it would lose by the competing roads: BRING USED TO INPLUENCK | CONGRESS ; | he had ‘of where a member of Congress came in to. give counsel, but it was not at the instance of either | fie Pacific Railroad Company or Credit Mobilier, nor | did he know that any such member received a fee; his | impression was that in the year 1867 Mr. Alley brought in) a member of Congress as his counsel; Mr. McComb at the same time brought in Judge Black; the counsel of Mr. Alley was now in Congress, GENERAL BUTLER, but the witness thought that this wasa year before die of the streets that it blocked the cars and im- peded the public travel in that direction, With a very commendable frankness the Superintendent ted to spread the snow 60 Ily-encum!| § ops pablic, and, it ts to be ho control the destinies of . What the Superintendent and salaried gentiomen in his bu- '@ & tiystery to tho outside world. cleaning the he fully appreciated hoped, by the people the street cleanii the numerous hi reau superinte: General Butier was elected to the House of ‘Representa- tives; witness did not know of any money being given directly of indirectly, or of any land rants or wocept: ances to Senator Harlan; Dr. Durant informed witness that he was going to assist Senator Harlan in jays 4 elected by sustaining one or two lowa newspapers in bi ines ahsraear penny meer ime ret ol re Witness was ashe Foreign Art Notes. Mr. Armitage, who became A. R. A., with Mr. Watts, January 31, 1867, haa been elected by the Royal Academicans to the full honors of the soci- ety. The general private view of.the Royal Academy Exhibition of Works by the Old Masters took place on Tuesday, December 31. On December 19 the undermentioned students of the South Kensington School of Art received prizes, as follows:—Mr. 0. Gibbons, a gold medat for a model of a design for a shieid; Miss M. Man- sel, a gola medal for a design for lace, and mr. W. Foster, £15 for a design for porcelain. Mr. V. Prinsep is engaged on a new picture— “The Swine Runnin, wn ‘to the Sea,’’ with a coast view ot 10fty cl Mr. Watts, who is not expected to contribute a subject picture to the next Royal Academy exhibi- tion, has in hand a full length portrait of a beauti- ful young lady in travelling costume, the forms being treated with breadth and simplicity. The harmontes of color and tone are said to be sober and delicate, M. Klotz, architect to the Cathedral of Stras- burg, states that the cost of reparations rendered necessary by the Prussian bombardment wil! be 598,000 francs, A quarter of a million francs is re- quired for the stone works; new roois, 187,000 iranes; repairs to the painted windows, 143,128 francs. During the twenty-four days’ bombard- ment the cathedral was struck in more than three hundred places; the débris amounts to more than three hundred cartloads. . It is said that a hideous embankment twenty fect WHETHER ANY SENATOR OR REPWESENTATIVE HAD SERN MUOTED witn AHR AID f funds from the Union Pi Crean Maples com Panton to which Re replied. cet Kimani he always posite Hampton Court, the whole length of ns. ifthe report be true, tha, view high is to be tarown up along the river rin! = io |. fom prow Court salon will be completely ruin !