The New York Herald Newspaper, October 16, 1872, Page 5

THE SLAVE TRADE, Where the Cuban “Sacks of Live Coal” Come From. FACTS FROM UPPER EGYPT. How the Human Harvest is Gathered and Sent to Market. BLAVE TRADE STATISTICS. A Million Lives Blighted by it Yearly in Central Africa. INFAMOUS TREACHERY. Mooling a Neighbor's Young Children and Selling Them Into Bondage, —_———— «-—____ | A White Abyssinian Girl Stolen at the —_— + Age of Six Years, HER ROMANTIC STORY. BAKER PACHA, es The Glorious Work of the Libera- tor of Central Africa. SLAVE FREIGHT ON THE NILE, Sir Sam‘uel Baker-Suppressing the Accursed Traffic. KHARTOUM, ON THE SOUPAN, July 26, 1872. ‘It is but natural that the United States govern- ‘Ment should instruct its agents to inquire into the existence and character of the slave trade io Africa. And as I hear it is doing solsend you Some facts of the main features of the terrible traf- fic in this quarter. While the government reports fare coming in this may have some interest. HOW THE GAME BEGINS, In the month of August the traders begin to pre- NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16, 1872.-QUADRUPLE SHEET. THE NILE SLAVE DISTRICT. Map Showing the Localities Where the Slaves are Captured and the Routes by Which They are Carried Off. ED 2. ey Ni Fa anh aS FARGOGLE Bou pare for their departure in November. They have Bo great sums of money on hand, s0 they borrow it, paying from 6 to 12 per cent a month, or 60'to 344 percent per annum. All the salaried clerks ‘who get above £40 month are enabled to lend in this manner, and in a year’s time they find they bave a snug profit. The traders, most of whom are wild, inoffensive appearing men, with their river boats, ascend ina regular squadron before the porth wind. Every expedition means war, and, poverding to its magnitude, is provided with 100 ,t 1,000 armed men. The soldicra em- ployed consist of the miserable Dongolowie, who Sarry double-barrelled shotguns and knives, and are ebiefly noted for their huge appetites and love of marissa (beer). Each large dealer has his own Serritory, and he resents promptly any attempt of nother trader to trespass thereon. For instance, Agate, the most famous of all African slave traders, Xnew, and his men frequentiy visited, the Victoria Nyanza long before Speke ever dreamed of it. Whenasked why he did not report the circum- $tance officiaily, he demands, very simply, “What for Neither Agate morany of the other traders ‘pre-aware of the tons of manuscript which have ‘deen wasted upon “The Sources of the Nile,” and they did know it would boot nothing. Agate’s station is now near the Nyanza, and he keeps up a heavy force there, as indeed he does at all his sta- ‘tions. When the expedition is ready it moves slowly | | tap to the Neam-Neam country, for instance, and Wf one tribe is hostile to another, he joins with the | ~ptvongest and’takes his pay in slaves. Active spies are kept in liberal pay to inform him of the number and quality ef the young children; and when the chief believes he can steal 100 he settles down to work, for that figure means $4,000. He makes .a Janding with his human hounds, after having re- connoitred-the positions, generaliy in the night time. Atdawn he moves forward on the viliage, ‘and the alarm is spread among the negroes, who herd together behind their aboriginal breastpiates nd fire clouds of poisoned arrows. The trader OPENS WITH MUSKETRY, pnd then hegins a general massacre of men, women end chikiren. The settlement, surrounded by in- flammable grass, is given to the flames, and the en- entire habitation is laid in ashes. Probabiy out of the wreck of 1,000 charred and slaughtered people his reserves: have caught the 100 coveted women ‘and children; who are flying from death in wild despair, ‘Beey are yoked together bya long pole and marohed off from their homes forever. One- third of them may have the smallpox, and then with his infected cargo he proceeds to his nearest Stafiop. Thence the negroes are clandestinely sent across the desert to Kordofan, whemce they are dispersed over .Lower Egypt amQ other markets. It not unfrequently ‘Thap, wens that the negroes succeed in killing their \adve tsaries-in these combats, But the blacks are not b,tave. They generally fly after a loss of several killed, ,except: with the Neam-Neams, who always ofight vtith.a bravery.commensurate with their re- nown : cannibals, THB 8T/ MCS OF THE NORTHERN AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE P iy, the most dificult portions of ‘the 'y of shis, atrocious traffic. Yet, from ‘mag ¥ sources Ithink I may be safe in saying that ‘thea anual cxport.of slaves from the country lying Detwe en the Rea Sea and the Great Desert is 25,000 ay , Gistributed as follows:—From Abyssinie, Jama or Gallabat, 10,000; issuing by other routes@ '* Abyasinnia, 5,000; by the Blue Nile, 3,000; by thew Vite Nile, 7,000, To Min’ these -25,000 slaves and sell them in Markeysmore than fifteen thousand age annually killed, saul Often the mortality reaches the terrible gare: of 6,000, it sia.e fair. eatimate 10 say that 60,000 @hiilrew? are stolen from thelr parents ewery yams whe have the, names and repata- ir Leon ‘ng* civilized ,and educated. I cannat stop her& .The horrible Egures must march oa. _Thas' these 40,000 causes heartburnings at and: great mental suffering in Africa is mast potest cause of death. I doubt not I have .merived af 60,000 inhuman wrongs. Need we in ge forwans! and inquire te what extent these slaves ahread ggntagion, as to fiow far they are atimshealiby ¢ement in the comntry, am) 100,000 lives are amnually,expended either in the lowest Savery or the dankest death? If I extend the bounds of igguiry to the northern and weatern coasts, and wharever.the canvassed peeaks carry of their cargoc#.in defiance of Jaw—4fI inclade all Africa—gore tha one million souls will be com- prised inf the nnmber annually carried awag, killed or made broken-hearted by tive slave trade: THE CURSB UPON A®RICA. A Dall cenvary has witnessed the enslavement or epoliation of more than fifty million Africans, and I teave i¢ $0 other pens to describe wht residue of the commerce remained to America ater its hu- manity outlawed the traMec. The activity’ of the Aonlers, thes MUUFAPTOUS DOlicy Of agomultidie and J They DIGies slavery: MANY Of them, 19 Hesdom be: J tow AMON © PWarw Of besveLians be come Bods ERTA| s &. \ MATAMNACY, O° Se 4 setae: S a VE al 2 v SS \S = an Route. of Slaves Ca (21. SLAVE TRIBES WHERE-THE ay | | [oz me - ——— Governor here; troops were despatched and orders given to deal swiftly and surely. Kor- dofan is also, in certain portions, in opposition to the government and in flerce revolt. If these disturbances continue, if anarchy supervenes iu the upper provinces, I dare not estimate the de- moralization and decay which must ensue, Let 16 be noted that this terrible massacre came from un~- taught savages and that it was the drrow agains? the Minie ball. What must result when the blecks become better armed ? What compensations will they demand for ruined flelds and slaughtered Populations? What indemnity for immemorial Oppressions and bondage ? What will the stous Regro ask when he remembers the hundreds of hig Face that he saw dead on the banks of the White Nile and still manacied with the trons of the Arab traders, having perished from starvation or cone sagion ? THE SLAVE TRADE ON THE WHITE NILE. As long as Baker remains a Pacha at Gondokora (now Ismaila) there is no danger of a direct White Nile slave trade, Indeed the traffic may be said to be “‘on ita last legs.” Ivory alone is the objec@ now, 80 they say, but rest assured that if a trader goes inland far enough and can grab a few villages he will do it. When I say “direct slave trade” Mean no slaves will be made to descend withim the reach of knowledge of Baker Pacha. But un- happily he cannot cover a whole continent. Last year (1871), when Baker says that not one slave came down the Nile, Mr. Hausel, Austrian Consul, tells me there were 14,000, Agate alone bringing 3,000. Within three miles of Khartoum siaves were found dead and unburied on the river’s bank, and the horrors of this importation were something I shall not detail. As the slaves Caught are not only of the negro races, but also of the lighter colored people of Abyssinia, men and women of the white races are thus brought into the market. I cannot better give you a notion of the horror of this part of the traitiq than by telling you in a straightforward way the story of a single case that nas come to my notice, BARIELA, THE SLAVE GIRL. In my rambles about Khartoum it came to my nowledge that a most extraordinary case of kid apping had brought to this town the person of @ oung slave girl, stolen from her home in the Mak- ada land of Abyssinia. I succeeded in seeing her, and afterwards, with many difficulties, had the pleasure of placing in her hand a deed of freedom se es under the seal of the United States, So childish, £0 innocent, so beautiful, and withal so moble- minded and pure-hearted is Bartela that I determined to obtain her history im full, and for this purpose saw much of het and learned from many artless conversations how she had been stolen irom a bright home and sold into bondage. Barlela was one of nine children, She was tho only daughter of the Faki or Moslem priest of her native village. She is fond of telling that her father is (abbiat) white, and a Turk—one of those few who either personally or in the blood of his an- cestors penetrated to Abyssinia to carry the Koran of Mohammed. These propagandists are all men 0} fine talents, finished education and easy, gentle manners, Fanatical, they yet manifest a devotion to “faith, hope, love and charity,” that you may not always find among the teachers of Christianity. Baricla’s father was a kindly, handsome man, who believed and preached that Mohammed was born ip the Garden of Eden and that he existed in @ pencil TRADERS: QPERATE FISK & RUSSELL exterminating all tribes they could not easily re- duce, has di iven the peoples in vast herds to the great centre il plateaux of the Continent. ihe game has flown from the hound, The arrow, unable to repress the ‘rifle, has been turned upon the huge beasts frequ tnting the zone of the Equator. The occupancy, t hen, of these plateaux by embittered savages in cilosely packed masses hac postponed the civilizaticm of the Continent, rendered travel hazardous in\ the middle tropics, and depleted a territory which needed ail the industry-svhich God had supplied tp it. Happily the slave traders are relaxing, and \the momentous evils which I have traced to a suntmation as their offspring will ere long have beep greatly ameliorated. The loss of great markets like Brazil and the United states has stopped the clandestine trafic on the western coast, while Egypt 1s doing the best.she can under her unenrigtian institutions. | WHERE THE SLAVES GO 10, Of the 25090 annually forced into slavery their futures may-be thus tabulated, 15,000 being boys and 10,000 girls: Go to Lower Fe. Are made aoldi¢ Finally become pieacly i the women.) fter leaving stale ot concubinage are married. 5,000 ome cooks and servants 5,000 re wana sunt 78 imelly become educeted 1,000 Sia date papers 303 Betome 8. None Lhaye thus attemptey to show by what channels the poor sidwes are borne out upon the stormy ocean of lifes They are dispersed over 3,000,000 square mittee of territory, and their blood Mnally mingles with that of the Turk, the Arab and the European. Thousands upon thousands ge io Per- sia, where;they are better cared for than here, and some of them ultimately reach destruction through she dark intrigues of the astern courts, THE FINEST BLACK SOLDIERS ere recruited from the Dinkas, who are strong, handsome negroes, the finest of the White Nile, ‘The other races arg thickly built and clumey, and fare never ornamental; the Abyssinians, for what- ever service and of whatever class, excel all their rival yictims ip slavery. They are quiet and sup- dned, and seldom treacherous or insnbordinate, cause they kave no aspirations that are inordidate. The girls are delicate, and not built for severe labor. They are tender, sentimental beings, who, in another ;atmosphere, would adorn the loftiest ideal of womanhood. Though born and bred in.a country where concubines are as legitimate and as Much honored as wives, they revolt against the terrors of polygamy. They are never happy where their peace inthe affeetians of their master is du- plicated in another. As a testimony of their gen- tleness and punity, I wili mention that Peney, Han- sel, La Forque, Be Bons and. ethers purchased young Abyssinian girls, and afterwards married then, Ibrahim Peney came to see me yesterdey, and we discuseed the quegtion, and he told me, “Am I not anexample? My mother was én Abyssinian slave, and my father married her?’ Young Pepey and his brothers as well are highly educated, speak French and Italian, and are respected by ali who know them. This is no uncommon case. SLAVES VARY IN PRICR, according to age, beauty and accomplishments, and I submit the following table as nearly exact, the money here being in dollars :— For Fay negro Joys from the White Nile, eight years inian girl, fourteen years old, beautitul. byes tourteen years old, beautifu meu I, Mg sd .. 10 ‘ond seventeen are not in demand, but when sold, if concubines, bring. i 100 Old slaves, seldom sold, it bein; to send ay aged servitor adritt, w For eunuchs, ordinary, coal black 250 For cunuchs of the first class. ‘300 There are slave brokers here who make regular commissions upon the buying and selling of slaves; but there are not great slave marts here as in olden times, Every transaction must be done with secrecy. There is great competition for handsome slave girls, who are used as wives. SIR SAMUEL BAKER, I perceive by the British press, says that no slaves were brought down the Nile during the year 1871, In this he is mistaken, according to numberiesy statements made to me here. Of course, Sir Samuel believes what he said; but from his isolated situa know that the negroes were secretly transported overland via Kordofan, Yet such it is known was the case. I repeat here my belief that the Vice- roy’s government will repress slavery and all oom- merce relating to it with great rigor. Iam con- vinced tnat His Highness is determined te arrest the traffic, not only because it con- stantly involves him with the civilized Powers and deprives him of the world’s sympathy, but ‘because he believes its abolition will be the swift- est mode of reviving the material prospects of his Central African domaina. The Earepeans who have lived here hae, with very few exceptions, been engaged in the.commerce, European money has supported and austained it, and if the doctore of divinity knew what use the name of Christianity is put to—that is togay, “Iam atrader and a Chris- tian, by treaty stipulation you cannot touch me’— they would not be proud of their savage proselytes, I here atraign every European and American Consul, every missionary, every Christian and white man for the evils Ihave described. A deter- mined, persistept and thorough agitation of the slave trade question in Africa would have killed it stone dead years ago. It could not have flourished, Sir Samuel Baker bas been in this region its only vigorous European combatant, and more to him than any other man will be due the praise of its utter eradication. The consigna- tories of the treaties by which Egypt maintains here almost imperial independence could require the Viceroy to maintain the closest surveillance upon the actions of notorious traders. Sir Samuel Baker is doing nobly. He is throttling the mon- ster. He hates the slave trade as Wendell Phillips hated slavery. He is mighty, too, and he is to-day the most resolute Pacha of the Turkish Empire. Though he has been overwhelmed by Turkish dis- tinctions, he first esteems the good opinions of the Anglo-Saxons, and the world may not be sur- priged to jearn the gonclusion of expedi- tion that he ha’ punished with generous aliow- ance all the rascals who have fattened on their kind. He believes in the lash, and, wherever necessary, in summary executions. His name justly deserves to be enrolled upon the brightest page of the benefactors of his country, The more I hear of Sir Samuel Baker the more I like to write about him in @ vein of deserved praise, He TRUE LPOALD WAP, la 2608K Ip bentey knocks down a -vicions interioper between the tw cision of almost all other African exforers his. caree: it as the Governor of one of the largest sections o Mberator of Africa. BLOODY REVOLT ON THE WHITE NILE. Under date of April 23 there appears in my jour- nal:—Rather fresh news from Fachoda. Seventy- five Egyptian officers and soldiers butchered. Nice time in Baker’s rear. How is he going to get sup- plies? Soudam getting warm.” The detail indi- cates that all the negroes are not easy victims, ‘The Governor of Fachoda is in the habit of making annual levies upon the beeves and muttons of that great negro people, the Shillooks; and, of course, without invitation or permission, but in defiance of their aboriginal ideas of rights, A troop of 100 soldiers therefore prepared for @ foray. They marched gallantly from their camp a mile into the interior. The Shillooks heard of the approach; they massed their cattle far back from the stream; 5,000 of the stalwart blacks formed in rude lines of bat- tle, each rebel behind his ample rhinocerous-hide stlelds, with lances, bows and poisoned arrows, The troops advance, little dreaming of the strength of the demonstration, They were suddenly assailed by the negro army, and the soldiers began to faul, Pierced by arrows and lances, In great glee the Qhillooks, following up shejr s rec themselves upon the poe and Sach. tered seventy-five officers and soldiers. Tne rest, dismayed, threw down their arms, took to fignt, ve urried in panic to Fachoda, only to find that tl military post was besieged by # co- operating negro army; that ingress and egress were impossible, and that @ successful revolt had placed Egyptian interests and lives at the mercy of the natives, The Governor of the post, it seems, ‘Was not in hot haste to encourage his subordinates, and #0, from a genera) laxity and pusilanimous fear, Sir Samuel Baker was for the moment cut from her home. puffs of a cigar; or, to engender a healthy spirit of | industry, he.often applies the bastinado on the bare person. Compared with the feebleness and inde- here has inspired @ respect which comes at once from fear and admiration. He has written and fought and diplomatized against the slave trde, and now, to his eternal honor, he goes to strangle territory on the earth. Lady Baker, with her great Huggarian heart, is a noble companion for the | growth than the American girl of twelve. Race of light until the sixth century, when, by the espe- | | cial favor of God, the Angel Gabriel was appointed ! | to deliver him his commission as the only prophet. | | Fervid and sincere in his religion, he taught hie | | children the hourly utterance of that phrase which | | is constantly repeated in the Ottoman Empire :— “There 1s but one God, and Mohammed is his prophet." His eight sons were all instructed in the Koran, and this is the beginning and end of Moslem educa- tion. They were devout, honest, frugal and indus- trious. Bariela, an only daughter in a large family, was the pet of the household, Her early years were fush with happiness, amid the tender caresses of all who gazed upon her childish, marvellous beauty. She was not sent to school—giris are never edu- cated in Abyssinia, She was not betrothed in mar. riage, for she was only six years of age when stolen Her father's. house was to her # paradise, and when she speaks of it a tear gathers in her eye. But 4 few days’ ride from Gallabat by camel, her native village, is one of those churming, picturesque, but rude settlements, which are the happiest portions of these tropical lands. The home consisted of four houses, built of goiden-col- vred straw, neat and clean, as is everything that pertains to that remarkable people. I may be ex- cused, perhaps, if I say that the Abyssinians are the noblest semi-aboriginal race on the face of the earth. Gifted witn natural meantness ‘of character they excel also in industry, fidelity and regularity. The man who o down to write their history will find that the ploodiess victory of Magdala did not represent tha degradation of a worthless race after all. I have met them by thousands at a time when they cherish no bitterness against the white man, and Ihave becoma convinced that they have the spirit of hardy nation ality. A whole people must not be judged from tha wild doings of a crazy king. The real property of Howajji Ga Garzoz—this is Bariela’s family name— was extensive. He owned a coffee plantation, sheep in abundance, and was a rich farmer, as we would say in America, His four houses were situated each in the corner of a square and the in- terior space was a meadow where trees and shrubs if| | Were bright with foliage. ‘The property was in fina a pretty glen in a grand valley, purified hy swift ! mountain streams, and a retreat as far beyond the miseries of civilization ag it was from the din and: i sin of mighty capitals. It wasa home where do- mestic sweetness, household tranquillity and family harmony were seldom disturbed. Barilla grew up be bed benign atmosphere a laughing boy beioved yy all. BARIELA’S STORY OF HER CAPTURF. “How was it they took you off, Baricla?’ “On the bright summer day, nearly ten yeara | | ago, when those dreadful Mokiiada men came," she | Said; “my father had gone to market to get the day's provision ; all of ny eight brothers had gone to the mosque to read the Koran, and my mother was in the plantation gathering coffee.’ “Do you remember all these particniars #0 ex. actly?” “Yes, yahah (father); all, all, all! every tiny, tiny little thing; f was then six years old." It is marvellous how powerful is the memory of the young of this country, It may be becanse it ig f | the only mental quality developed. Barieia ag six years of age was of riper experience and 0 and climate make the difference, and thus she re- members even the minut: daria banenAek est particulars of her So, fou were alone in the house?’ “Yes. I was playing with the shee near Of the house; my back was fevrtang the hoses Suddenly I wes grabbed by two big hands. A piece of iron was thrust into my mouth like a horse's bite. I felt very sick and very frightened. 1 was carried out of the house covered up with clothing, so that’ no one could sce me. Then I was putin abut and tied up and kept until night time. I sobbed bitterly. I was crashed with grief My father! My father! My brothers! My mother! My home! My sheep! My dresses! My happiness! I knew noth. ing! I became bewildered and prayed to Heaven, The men came in the night time and took me away and put me on the back of acamel. They did now meet anyone. When they saw a caravan coming they moved out of the way, because they knew my father would come in search of me. I was all alone and the only girl they stole at that time. When & got out in the desert the iron was removed from my mouth. Iwas given tocat. I saw no one before. my ara at toum, and when I came here £ wad ‘% young Captain by the name of abel Messiah (slave of Christ), He was a Christian and @ young man. I was very young, ev I was not either his wife or his concubine. After that—a few montha after—I was sold tu Yusef, the man at whose house you found me,” “You always travelled tu the night?” “always,” Such was the recital of Barlela—her story of @ downward march from what was a heavell to her to a hell upon earth. INFAMY OF THE TRADR. Barlela’s fate Ie Dot didercpt from thatel meng