The New York Herald Newspaper, September 17, 1872, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. EE SES RRS Letters and packages should be properly bealed. Volume XXXVIL.. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, Twenty-fourth street— Diamonps, GRAND OPERA HOUSE, Twenty-third st. and Eighth av.—Ror Carorrs. BOOTH'S THEATRE, Tw ird street. corner Sixth avenue.—Tax Byiis; ‘Tux Pousn Jew. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Tux Serorant's Wep- ping—Tux Deatu Tear. WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, cornor Thirtieth st— Cuow-Cnow, Afiernoon and Evening. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway, between Houston and Bleecker sts.—One Wire, UNION SQUARE THEATRE, Broadway, between Thir- teenth and Fourteenth streets.—AGnzs. WALLACK'S THRATRE, Broadway street—Ix10N; on, Tux Max at TH Wi and Thirteenth EEL. THEATRE COMIQUE, Buogvr. WHITE'S ATHENSUM, 585 Broadway.—Nzoro Min- #TRELSY, AC, BRYANT’S OPERA HOUSE, Twenty-third st., corner (bav.—Nxano Minsteaisy, Ecorntaiorey, &c. ST, JAMES THEATRE, corner of 28th st. and Broad way.—San Francisco MINSTRELS IN Fancx, &0, 14 Broadway. ~ARRAH-NA- TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 201 Bowery.— Guanv Vaniery Extentamment, dc, Matinee at 244. 7 BROADWAY, EMERSON’S MINSTRELS.—Granp Etumiortan EccentRicitixs. JAMES ROBINSON'S CHAMPION CIRCUS, corner of Madison avenue and Forty-fifth strect. NEWARK INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION, Washington street, corner of Court, Newark, N. J. AMERICAN INSTITUTE FAIR, Third av., between 684 and Cth streets. CENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Geann Concent, PAVILION, No. 688 Broadway, near Fourth strect.— Gramp Orxratic Concert, DR. KAUN’S MUSEUM, No. 745 Broadway.—Arr ann Scimnce. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— fcrmnce AND Akt. InstrumentaL TRIPLE SHEET. ne New York, Tuesday, Sept. 17, 1872. CONTENTS OF TO-DAY’S HERALD. eeeeeg eres Pace. i1—Advertisements. 2—Advertisements. 3—Hyacinthe’s Wedding: The Great Preacher's fapture by an American Widow; Commotion in the Marringeable Circles of Europe; The Scene at the Registrar's Oftice—Along the Bravo: Summary Vengeance on the Murder- ers of Joseph Alexander, of Brownsville; Texan Martyrs to Mexican Villany Before the United States Commissioners —Sherman: Ar- rival of the General-in-Chief from Europe Yesterday—Aquatic—Trotting at Prospect Park Fair Grounds—Closing of the Purses for the Fleetwood October Trotting Meeting. 4—Financial and Commercial: a Better Demand for Money; The Rate on Gall Advances to Five Per Cent; A Further Rise of a Quarter Per Cent in the Gold Market; Our Bonds Lower in London and Higher at Home; Money on the Continent Hardening; A Fever- ish Speculation at the Stock Exchange; Gen- eral Decline in Prices; The Erie “Corner” Maintained, but the Stock Lower; Fall in Hannibal and §t, Josepha Monetary Mys- tery: Richard B, Butler Arrested in a Qt Suit to Recover “Aostracted” Bonds; Bal Fixed at_$75,000—The Methodist Preachers— ‘The Caunstadt Voikspest—The Mercer Street. Fire—Father Tom Burke's Temperance Cra- ., Sade—Funeral of a Jersey Journalist. S—The Ward's Island Horror: Perhaps Not So Bad as it Seema, After All; What the Commission- ers Know About Cruelties to Patients—The Spanish Pest Ship—Marriages and Deaths— Advertisements. ‘ G—Editorials: Leading Article, “Our Negro Popu- lation—Its Political. Influence and Labor Movements”—The Weather—Army and Naval Inteliigence—Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Conven- tion— Westchester County Annual Fair— Amusement Announcements. T—ihe Alabama Claims—Cable Telegrams from England, France, Spain and Russia—The Cuban Revolutionists’ Loan in London—News from Mexico—Greeley at Newark: He Attends the Mechanical Fair and Delivers an Ad- dress—The Political Headquarters—Amuse- ments—Miscellaneous Telegrams—Business Notices. B—Advertisements. §—Advertisementa. 10—Interesting aE in the Courts—Muni- cipal Affairs—News from Washington—Ship- ping Intelligence—Advertisements, A1—Advertisements, Wa—Advertisements, Tse Gexeva SerrLementT—WasHINGTON Optnions.—As elsewhere, so at Washington . various opinions are expressed as to the merits of the Geneva settlement of those Alabama claims, Attorney General Williams, as a special correspondent informs us, thinks that Yhe award covers fully all that the American members of the Joint High Commission sup- posed could be awarded, and as the Attorney General was a member of that distinguished and serene body of peacemakers he ought to know. On the other hand it appears that the gross indemnity awarded is actually short of what the English members conceded might be due under the declaration of Earl Russell, as set forth in his surly correspondence with Minister Adams on the subject. It appears further that as carly as May 4, 1865, Earl Russell would have been glad to pay a good round bill of damages for the new principles of neutrality which are the corner stone of the Washington Treaty. In short, it would appear that in this treaty British diplomacy carries off the honors, and that our amiable Secretary of State, from our consequential damages to our direct losses, has been neatly circumvented. But Chief Justice Cockburn, Her Majesty's arbitrator, protests against the Geneva award, which makes it all right, you understand, and Mr. Secretary Fish is a happy man. The Chinesd ean beat us in the devious woys of diplomacy, but the English can beat the Chinese. Tae Cause or Free Cupa axp THE AMERI- caN PREestpENcy.—A special telegram to the Heratp from London, under date of yester- day, reports that agents of the Cuban Junta are engaged in negotiating a loan of the amount of twenty millions of dollars in the British metropolis. The money is to be ap- plied, it is stated, to the purpose of purchasing ® supply of arms and other material of war for the use of the Antilles revolutionists, and, also, for co-operation in the effort to elect Mr. Greeley to the Presidency of the United States. In explanation of the political strategy of the insular liberators it is alleged that ‘the Cuban agents are acting in virtue of an upderstanding to the effect that Cuba will be recognized as an independent State by America if Mr. Greeley is elected. The oxten- sion of the area of freedom is a worthy cause, ‘Tue Avexanpria Gazelle (Grecley) regards itas refreshing, in the midst of the political war of words now raging over the land, tomect with one contemporary, the Raleigh (N. C.) Sentinel (Grant) calmly disenssing in its col- umns, day after day, the authorship of the “Letters of Junius.’ ‘Nero fiddled while Tyome was burning.” NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1872.—TRIPLE SHEET. Our Negro Population—Its Political Imfluence and Labor Movements. One of the most interesting and important questions of tho time in this country is the status and influence of the negro population, both politically and in an industrial point of view. Before the war the negroes had no political influence, and the value of their labor could be ascertained readily in the several States or throughout the South generally, be- cause it was a forced labor; but the surprising revolution affected by the war has changed all that. From seven to eight hundred thou- sand votes have been added to the aggregate suffrage of the country, and the labor of four millions of slaves has become as free and in- dependent as that of the white population of the Northern States. There never has been before in the history of nations such an extraordinary revolution within so short a time. Fortunately, the immediate results have not been as disastrous as might have been expected. The natural docility of the negroes and the respect previously inculcated for the master race in them prevented serious antagonism. And when, undeceived by time of the false and absurd promises of Northern carpet-baggors, the blacks found it was neces- sary to labor for a living as other people did, they returned to the cultivation of the soil. So far the evil consequences to the industry of the South have not been as great as was feared. But the political effects in the future are omi- nous and give cause for serious apprehension, Local interests and the necessity of harmony between the two races in the South are lost sight of through the influence of political parties, and race is arrayed against race. ‘There is now, with rare exceptions, only the negro party and the white party in that sec- tion of the Republic, This must, in the end, result most disastrously. It is the incipient step to a war of races, and for this state of things our politicians are responsible. With a view, therefore, to study this prob- lem as regards the future, both politically and economically, we propose to notice the movement of the negro population in the United States, and particularly in the Southern States. Tho law of tho movement has not yet been sufficiently de- veloped to be announced in definite proportion and limit. Statistics do not now much aid the inquiry; they may, after one or two decades, enlighten and guide investigation; but they furnish some clues, and, together with other material and observations, will assist specula- tion to some reasonable deductions. Only one census (1870) has been taken since the actual manumission of the slaves in 1865; and during that period no unusual or notable migrations ona general scale occurred. In the Autumns of 1870 and 1871 changes more marked were observed. Experienced Southerners can at present best draw conclusions in regard to the probable movement; the character, habits and pro- clivities of the negroes; their social and politi- cal relations; the nature of the climate, soil and agricultural products in the South, anda knowledge of the geographical situations where temperature, culture and the character of land and living are peculiarly suitable to the negro, will supply data to tho reflecting observer. Of the animal kingdom man is the least affected by climate. Any of the races can, by acclimation through one or more generations, become inured to any part of the cultivable or hunting portions of the earth. The distribu- tion of mankind over it has never been con- strained, however partially affected, by isothermal lines. But of those races the black has been the most confined within such limits. The negro is peculiarly tropical. The color and texture of his skin largely contribute to this constitutional nature. In this we find what is and will be a potential element in the law of movement of the negro population. In the United States the general flow of their migration will be southerly, This tendency will be increased by the influence of the facts that in the warmer States production is more spontancons, lighter and cheaper clothing and food are only requisite, less fuel is needed, and the least costly habitations are suitable. The negroes will steadily emigrate, under the fixed action of these causes, from Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Missouri, North Carolina, Kentucky and the upper and middle sections of Tennessee, South Carolina and Georgia to the other and more southern portions of the South. This was the general fact even during slavery, and the experience of the past con- firms the deduction that it will in the future, when less disturbing causes will exist, be more universal. Observe the annexed table, which shows the percentage of gain and the relation of gain of the negro population of the Southern States for the decade from 1850 to 1860:— % oe . Gain 1860. 1850, péi dent. Py) 810,808 41 262,271 ot 90,040 31 345,100 a7 834,613 21 245,881 15 316,012 8 , 6 soo 620,86" ib 165,091 4 13,746 4 The negro population of the sea coast dis- tricts is more fixed than that in the interior. It is very averse to removal. The softer atmosphere, the alluvial and teeming nature of the soil, and the abundance of fish, oysters, wild fowl and game, greatly attract it. There, too, the African race is far less liable to the malarious diseases than the white, and for that reason can indulge their desire for the gre- garious seclusion and indolent quiet of their kind. The negroes along the Atlantic shore are more ignorant and primitive, less self- reliant and enterprising, than those of the interior. They will lose but little by emigra- tion; but there the natural increase is less than elsewhere. Their character, habits and food are not liked by the interior mass of their face, and they gain little by immigration. Tho negro population is in general stolidly indifferent to any system or means of improved culture and to manuring or any mode of re- storing land. This, with the slothfulness and negligence of their work, renders their labor unsuited to much of the comparatively ex- hausted soil of parts of the older Southern | States, or to the naturally poor portions of any orallof them, or to districts where climate requires more strenuous and skilled tillage. As the newer States are more southerly and westward, they add new attractions gud force to the flow of that population in their direc- tion. This largely counterbalances the in- ducements of political influence to retain the negroes in the States whore they have at pres- ent the majority and the political control—as in South Carolina, Mississippi and Louisiana. The next following table shows the change in the gain, and the relation of gain, of tho negro population of the same States for the decade from 1860 to 1870: — ur Gain cont. District of Columbia... 43,404 14,316 207 Florida .. 91,689 62677 46 Texas 253,475 182,921 38 Gei 545,142 465, " Tenness 322,331 283,019 iu Alabama 475,510 437,770 9 Arkansas 122,169 111,259 9 North Carolina. 391,850 361,522 8 Delaware. 22,794 21,627 6 Louisiana. 364,210 850,373 4 Maryland 175,391 171,181 2% brary 444,201 437,404 1 South Carolina. 415,814 412,320 %. Missouri. 118,071 118,503 341088 222,210 236,167 6 loss 530,821 548,937 331088 The increase in the negro population of the United States in the decade from 1850 to 1860 was nineteen per cent, and in the decade from 1860 to 1870 was twelve per cent, and but for the war during the latter period would have been at least fifteen per cont. Those States whose per cent of gain has been less than these averngo rates have comparatively decreased in that population by omigration, and those where the gain has been greater than the natural increase have enlarged it by immigra- tion, From the geographical positions of these respective States it is evident that the flow of migration has been uniformly South and partly West. If this continues, as it probably will, the negroes will monopolize Florida and Southwestern Texas, and as the white population presses on their heels, and to their exclusion from their present field of labor, they will eventually pour into Mexico and Central America. This pressure of the white race, to the displacement of the black, will probably ever and at least be in propor- tion to the preponderance ot the former over the latter, and which in 1870 (by the census of the above States and Territory, exclusive of Missouri and Delaware) was 7,760,988 whites to 4,398,017 blacks. It will be increased by white immigration. _ South Carolina would promptly throw off the preponderance of her negro population but for the mass which clings to her sea shore and rice district. She will eventually have a white predominancy. Mississippi and Louisiana will attain to this result at an earlier period. The other Southern States will always maintain white supremacy. The next table refers to the increase of negro population in those Northern States which best illustrate a limited northerly move- ment: — Gain 1870. 1860, per cent. Towa. 5,762 1,069 436 Tilin 23,702 7,628 270 Indiana. 24,680 11,428 115 Michigan 11,849 6,799 74 hio.. 63,213 36,673 3 Massachus 13,947 9,602 45 New Jersey 30,658 25,318 21 Pennsylvania 5, 294 56,949 15 New York.,.. 52,081 49,005 6 This rapid increase is, no doubt, attribut- able to the social and political attractions which have drawn some negroes northwardly. They have found, too, menial service at better cash wages. It also proves that there are no isothermal limits for the African race within the United States. Two leading deductions may at this day be made :— 1. There is and willbe a steady exodus of the negro population southward and into the tropics. 2. It will cluster in districts where the arable land is friable and easily worked, where vege- tation is most spontaneous, and where agri- culture will return the largest products or wages with the least labor. These people have little individuality, and are very gregarious; the currents of migration will be swelled by their proclivity to follow their ‘“‘crowd.’’ This disposition draws them to villages, towns and cities. A falso pride since emancipation and an appreciation of the “greatness thrust upon them’’ have produced an aversion to menial service; they confound it with slavery, which it resembles. But they will endure it, if they can obtain with it asso- ciation, ‘finery, music and splurge,’ in which they delight. In those districts where their population once becomes sensibly diminished a rapid disappearance willensue. Personal pro- clivities govern them much more in their local changes than do policy or politics. Awide field for white immigrant labor is steadily opening in the Northern and Middle States of the South; and on the movement of the colored race largely depends its own ulti- mate fate in America, It may result in their self-colonization, The Musical Season. The city is now crowded with the best musi- cal talent that Europe can boast of, and the Season opened last night with an éolat that spoke well for the desire of the public to en- cor these artists. The concert hall was crowded to its utmost capacity and the audience were more good-natured than ever. Next week we are promised a special treat in the first appearance of the greatest of living pianists, and the newly decorated Academy of Music will throw onen its doorg on the week one ype WETS OM ets Late 5 tw following for the Opera. The prospects of the Lucea season are mors brilliant than were ever known before at the Opera Houga, pnd al- though the box office will be opened to-day for the first time formally for subscriptions, yet all the boxes in the house are already disposed of for the season, and also many seats in the parquet. The company is unusually strong, possessing the merit of new members in every department, and one surpassing artist, the idol of Covent Garden, Berlin and St. Peters- burg. Madame Lucca’s name in Europe is a sufficient guarantee for the suc- cess of any opera season, and the desire of our public to hear her has already been shown in unmistakable terms. Another sig- nificant sign of the enthusiasm of the public over the present season of music is shown in the grand ovations accorded to the principal artists after their arrival here. The once great tenor, Mario, was the reclpient of a grand serenade at his hotel; the Philharmonic Society paid the same compliment to Rubin- stein; all New York flocked to hear the sere- nade given by the Liederkranz Society to Lucea, and to-night o brilliant reception will be accorded to Miss Clara Louise Kellogg by the Arcadian Club. New York is destined to become the rival of the great operatic centres of Europe, and the career of no artist will be complete without a visit to the metropolis of the Weat. The Treaty of Paris—Confllcting Ru- mors Yesterday. Yesterday a little after midday some excite- ment was created by » cable despatch from London, announcing the prevalence of a ru- mor to the effect that the Czar of Russia would demand the abrogation of the Treaty of Paris for the purpose of co-operating with Austria and Prussia in certain concerted move- ments. It was difficult to believe that the telegram was absolutely correct. At the same time the despatch created, in certain circles, more than ordinary excitement. Later in the day the despatch was contradicted. The Nord, a newspaper in the interest of Russia, published in Brussels, emphatically denies that the Russian government will demand the abrogation of the ‘Treaty of Paris as & consideration for the co-operation of Anstria and Prussia, So far, the ex- citement produced by the first report has been killed by the second. It is noteworthy, however, that co-operation for some purpose or purposes is not denied by the Russian newspaper to form a part of the arrangement come to by the Emperors at Ber- lin. What is the purpose? or, rather, what are the purposes? the world still’ wants to know. It is impossible to get rid of the idea that the original report of yesterday was thrown out as a feeler. Where did the report originate? is the question, which we cannot answer. Another Crimean war is not a pleasant proba- bility. Another Crimean war, or rather another European war of the most devastating sort, would be inevitable if Russia made so extravagant a demand as that which would abrogate the provisions of the Treaty of Paris. France is reviving and getting ready for a fresh effort. England has got over her diffi- culty with the United States; and English gold has more than once kept the Continent in money. The report of yesterday, though contradicted, is well titted to disturb the pub- lio mind. The meeting of the Emperors may yet prove a world’s trouble. Inspection of Steamboats. Disasters, like crimes, and in fact like most classes of geourrences, arrange themselves fo groups and clusters, séeming to run in cycles. Of late we have had a rapid succession of ter- rible steamboat accidents, attended with fright- ful loss of life. These have naturally caused reflecting people to consider the propriety of extra life insurance before starting on a steam- boat trip. It is gratifying, however, to note that these accidents have apparently quick- ened to duty our governmental steamboat in- spection corps, and the public will be glad to hear that such old and dangerous boats as the Huguenot, lately running to Coney Island, and those of the Hell Gate ferry, have been condemned and are to be replaced by others less liable to carry their passengers to Davy Jones’. In the prevention of wholesale slaughter no official is charged with more delicate and important trusts than the steamboat inspector. If, through his lack of practical skill, he should fail to detect a flaw in a boiler or a weak spot in a hull which sub- sequently causes loss of life, a sensitive con- science will upbraid him with alluring the victim to his fate. How if, seeing radical and dangerous defects, his sight should be ob- scured by a bribe, and he sign a certificate which he knows to be false? We do not charge any such offence, but common remark asserts that money will procure certificates for the most worthless craft afloat. Certainly no inspectgn can be too rigid for boats which carry passengers by the hundred, and the pub- lic will fully uphold any inspector in insisting that all the legal requirements for safety be fully complied with in every boat before grant- ing his certificate. Charles Sumner Declines. Senator Sumner arrived at Liverpool, out- ward bound, on Saturday last, and then and there received the first information of his nomi- nation by the democrats and liberal republi- cans of Massachusetts for Governor, and then and there stated that he should positively de- cline the nomination. Whether, following the example of the straight-out democrats with their Presidential nomination of Charles O'Conor, these democratic liberals and liberal republicans of Massachusetts will run Mr. Sumner in the face of his declination, or will take him at his word and proceed to nominate some other man to stand in the gubernatorial gap, is the question which they have now to settle. Assuming that in deference to Mr. Sumner’s wishes they will relieve him of the post of honor in the forlorn hope, which he does not care to fill, the question recurs, Who will be the lucky substitute? Mr. John Quincy Adams would doubtless be at once accepted but for the fact that he stands fully committed to the Louisville Bourbon movement, In this emergency General Banks may perhaps be chosen to take the place of Mr. Sumner for Governor, and this would bean excellent nom- ination; but, as old Father Ritchie used to say in doubtful cases, “nous verrons.”” wwe wretenidbic’ agi yf Tue Secession Movement at Taz Care oF Goon Hox. —Sur press files from the Cape of Good Hope, under date of July 30, show that the popular movement for the dissolution of territorial partnership between the eastern and western portions of thé colony tande vast strides toward a successful consummation during the fortnight which elapsed from the mailing of pur previous advices, The Separation League was Working with a will in the cause of home rule sia justice for the East, the people com- bining under its leaders in great numbers. A monster petitic2, which is intended for pre- sentation to Queen*Victoria, was being signed by thousands of separatists daily, and will be forwarded to London at the earliest possible moment by the friends of Anglo-African civil- izers and colonial democrats, who havo re- paired the devastation and healed the sores which were caused by and have resulted from the Kaffir war. Tar Ricumonp Whig thinks John Quincy Adams is the last man in the country who should have allowed himself to be drawn into the straight-out swindle, inasmuch as, so far back as November 15, 1871, he wrote a letter to A. Warren Kelsey, fully committing himself to the liberal movement. The Whig surmises that “the failure of his father to secure the Presi- dential nomination at Cincinnati had some- thing to do with the son’s change of base.”’ Politicians are seldom at a loss to aseribe mo- tives for changes that are not exactly to their own liking, be those motives worthy or un- worthy, Crime in the City. Though our criminal courts are always fully employed in meting out justice to malefactors the cells in the Tombs are still supplied with fresh inmates and the work of the District Attor- ney and Judges is constantly receiving acces- sions, Last week Billy Forreater's arrival from Washington revived the memories of the Nathan tragedy, with its sickening mystery. Later, we had, on Saturday morning, the homicide at the New Idea saloon, Broadway, near Houston street. Perkins, the keeper, and his wife, were about going home and had closed the door. “Indian Ned,” or Edmund Wellington, a no- torious character, with several others, among whom, it is said, was William Virley, familiar to the police as “Reddy the Blacksmith,” came to the door knocking and demanding that it should be opened. This was refused. The door was kicked and burst open, where- upon Porkins fired a pistol shot which struck Wellington in the eye and lodged in the back of the head. He fell and was promptly carried to Bellevue Hospital and declared to be mortally wounded. Perkins and his wife were locked up to await the event. On Sunday morning Elisha Greg- ory, the keeper of Canterbury Hall, in Broad- way, near Bleecker street, shot Henry Ed- wards, of First avenue, in Crosby street, near the rear of the Canterbury rooms, but prob- ably the wound is not serious. It is apparent that there are safer localities than the neigh- borhood of these Broadway saloons, and that to visit them is to invite a pistol bullet. On Sunday evening Edward Butler, a young cigar maker, was fatally stabbed with a knife, as it is supposed, by an old musician named Specht, in Clinton street. Michael Saunders was seriously cut about the head while walking in Second avenue, on Sunday afternoon. These samples of recent crime show that our city still presents a field for missionary labor. Hardly less disgraceful is the conduct of a city guardian who, following up the mistake of a stupefied janitor, arrested Mr. Matt Morgan, the well-known garicaturist, who was secking a friend in Nassan street, Saturday evening. Mr. Morgan was treated with the greatest brutality, and narrowly escaped with an un- broken skull. He produced full proof of identity, but was locked up for the night. Somebody should be discharged or taught the difference between gentlemen and burglars. Blight in ‘the United Kingdom. The terrible visitation which brought famine and death in its train a few decades ago has again made its appearance in the British Isles. This time the danger is no longer confined to Treland, but seems to extend over the United Kingdom, and so the area of misery will no doubt be increased. It is peculiarly unfortu- nate that the blight should occur at a mo- ment when the agricultural population of England are in a state of moody discontent, The efforts made by this class last year to im- prove their condition have aroused in the minds of the farming classes a desire to teach the laborers their dependence on those who own the land, and no doubt advantage will be taken of the misery of the people to make them experience all the bitterness of helpless poverty. The result is by no means clear. So far, the spirit shown by the chaw- bacons demonstrates that they will not lightly consent to allow themselves to be suppressed. The English lower classes present a difficulty that was not met with in Ireland. They have no pride of family which prevents them seck- ing refuge in the workhouse. On the contrary, the agricultural poor are in the habit of look- ing forward to it as a natural retreat. This will throw the expense of maintaining them on the rich, and it is questionable whether such a solution of the difficulty will be found satisfactory, especially as it is almost certain to be followed by an agricultural strike for higher wages in the Spring, which must be submitted to unless the farmers are prepared to risk the loss of the harvest. Tue Most Register (Greeley) wants any “Jevel-headed’’ black man to ‘compare his past with his present abject slavery; to weigh his present work against his present rewards, and then strike a balance.’’ We are rather inclined to think that any ‘level-headed black man’’ would be more likely to strike the man who should suggest such a balance; but they have some watermelon-headed black men down South who are of a different way of thinking. Kina Amapgus and THE Cupans.—The re- port of King Amadeus’ speech to the Spanish Cortes which reached us on Sunday night, a few hours after its delivery in Madrid, made His Majesty to have said:—‘The promised reforms in Cuba will be carried into effect as soon ag the rebellion is over.’ A second statement of the royal address came to hand by cable yesterday. The latest telegram alleges that the King declared ‘the government was determined to subdue rebellion in Cuba, and would send to the island gl} th additional troops reanivad sm boise tbe wai 10 & close, This despatch places the case in quite a dif- The Potato ferent light from that of Sanday, Cxhs is in a state of war ; the rebellion will be stamped out; then will come reform. Cut your head and give you a plaster. The Cubans must take their choice, if they havea choice. Tun New Ontxans Times (Greeley) is rather severe upon Judge James Lyons, of Virginia, who was “exploited” by Blanton Duncan at the Louisville Convention. It says he ‘is an ancient politician of that crotchety school which has passed its life and wasted its ener- gies in enterprises quite as wild and impracti- cable and not more sincere and chivalric than those of the Knight of La Mancha,’ Henry A. Wise, of Virginia, who is a relative of Judge Lyons, being ‘the most noted and gifted of this school.” If all the political Don Quixotes now in the field should be posted as our New Orleans contemporary has Judge Lyons and Governor Wise, a modern Cervantes would have material for a thousand additional vol- umes to the adventures of the ‘‘Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance,”’” Jupcz Menrntoy,. late democratic candi- date for Governor of North Carolina, says he is determined to push the examination into the legality of the recent election in that State “if sufficient proof can be produced to make it successful—not otherwise.” When the ques- tion of proof comes up probably one side can be able to proves muchas the other, after the manner of holding back the counting of ballots until it is ascertained how many votes are wanted. I¢ The Reappearance of Mario om the Lyric Stage. The opening of the concert season last night at Steinway Hall was marked by unusual brilliancy, but it will be chiefly remembered by the musical pub- lic as the occasion of the reappearance of Mario on the lyric stage. There is some- thing of a superstitious charm about this name which has been cherished by generations that have passed away, and yet somehow, like an in- destructible thing, the reputation of this favored child of song is almost as great to-day as it was twenty years ago. It is true that it is something of a memory, a superstition. No one expects or believes that the marvellous voice which held our fathers enthralled can have preserved its force or its sweetness; and yet there are few lovers of music in New York who, when listening to Mario, will not regret that the great tenor, Who broke all hearts like chinaware Twenty golden years ago, has left no worthy successor. To look at the brilliant bouquet of artists, vocal and instru- mental, by whom he issurrounded, only makes this regret the stronger. Carlotta Patti never sang with more sweetness those inimitable, clear, ringing notes that have made her the queen of the concert hall, and Miss Cary well sustained the reputation she made last year. In the charming person of Sefiora Car- refio the public recognized a brilliant and accomplished artist, but it is questionable whether all these great talents combined have the same interest for the public as the famous man who in all probability will take an eternal farewell of the stage when he leaves us, and fades into one of those happy memories that are destined to eternal youth. Pewnsyivanra.—The canvass for the October State election in Pennsylvania is becoming exceedingly animated, for on both sides the inspiring idea is that, as in 1856 and in 1868, for examples, the October vote of Pennsyl- vania will decide the Prosidontial issue of November. x} Sxnor Zorn, Perwz Mouser or Spar, proclaimed in a Parliamentary party caucus which was held in Madrid on Sunday that “the would die on the steps of the palace if Maeeite But itis no any means, An English Lord Chancellor of it repute said that he frequently heard a political nd as sett that he ‘would place his head on the block for his country’s cause;’’ “but,” added the Chancellor, ‘I always observed that the block was well out of sight at the time.” THE WEATHER. War DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF THE OHIEF SIGNAL OFFICER, WasuineTon, D. O., Sept, 17—1 A. M. Probabilities, North and west. of the Ohio Valley northerly to westerly winds and generally clear weather; for the Southern States generally clear weather, ex- cept over the Gulf coast, where partly cloudy weather will probably prevail; for the Middie States partly cloudy weather and variable winds; ag New England cloudy weather and rain com ue. The Weather in This City Yesterday. The following record will show the changes im the temperature for the past twenty-four hours im comparison with the corresponding or. of last year, as indicated by the thermometer at Hudaout’s Pharmacy, Sees ataing — an Averane temperature for corre: last year seeeeees NAVAL SLLIGENCE. Captain Wm. F. Spicer has been ordered to the command of the steamer Hartford, and Lieutenant Commander John W. Phillips has been ordered te duty as executive officer of that ship. Boston, Mass., Sept. 16, 1872. Commodore Parrott relieved Rear Admiral Steed- man os commandant of the Charlestown Navy Yard to-day, the usual salute and other official cere- monies being observed. Commodore Parrott is a native of New Hampshire, and entered the service in 1831. He was transferred to this station from the Mare Island a Yard, on the Pacific coast. Captain William F. Spicer, at the head of the Equipment Office at this station, was relieved te day by Captatn Stephen B. Luse. ARMY INTELLIGENCE. Major George G. Hunt, of the First cavalry, is ag- signed to the charge of the disbursing office as Natchez, Miss, SOLDIERS’ AND SAILORS’ CONVENTION. Arrival of Delegations at Pittsburg— Senator Henry Wilson Missing His Escort—The “Go Wests” Arrive With- out Him—The Convention to Asseme ble To.Day. PrtrsBurG, Pa., Sept. 16, 1872. Delegations to the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Conven- tion have been arriving constantly throughout the day from various parts of the country, and have paraded through the principal streets. The first clubs that arrived were the National Vete- ran Club and “Go West’ Club of Wash ington, numbering respectively _eighty-tour and 1390men. The “Go West” Club constitutes the escort of Senator Wilson ; but, owing to some failure of the Eastern trains to connect, Mr. Wilson did not arrive with the club, but will reach the city to- night. A delegation of tne War Veteran Union Club, of Brooklyn, arrived by special train this after- noon and entered into a permanent _ organiza jon, at. their headquarters, at the Monongahelt Hous. smc ned A the meeting was instructed to sent to the New York delegation, at their_meetin to-morrow morning, General Stewart L. Woot as the choice of the Brooklyn delegation, for, teni= porai Chairman of the ionvention, nd General James Jourdan th Yee Prost ate poe permanent d¥ganlaatloi. The Conven' Résemable in tne, pers House to-morrow, at tem, o'clock, The Libby, ett will meet in che morning, at the Acadeniy of Music, wheiv a pro- gramme of business to bé disposed of by the body will be adopted. Tho Deleg > from PhilaJtclphia to the Veteran Gathering. PHILADELPHIA, Pa., Sept, 16, 1872. In the trains this evening the Philadelphia repre- sentation to the Veterans’ Mass Conventiun at Pittsburg took their departure. There were in line the Veteran Club, 120 strong; Alexander and Hartranft Club, of the First district, 110 strong; w delegation of seventeen from Germantown, the Yartranit Club, ot Morristown, fifty-eight men; Jou W. Jackson Post, G, A, R.; a colored organi- gation and the German Veteran Hartranit an@ Myers’ Club, sixty-five men, WESTOHESI=R COUNTY ANNUAL FAIR. To-day, under the auspices of the Soctety of Agri-, culture and Horticulture of Westchester county,, the twenty-eighth annual fair will commence om the society's grounds, near White Plains, and wilt continue until Saturday evening. A number of unnsual attractions are embraced in the pro- gramme, includi a valuable gold watch, as a prize, for thee mother of the most hand- some baby whieh shall be found amon the little "ones exhibited for competition i | who shall haye been born in the county during the past twelve months. A gold medal of unique design is also offered for the most meri- torions 3] cimen of Urge executed by any upil of the public schools within the county limits, ne last three days of the fair will be partially devoted to trials of speed, and as a consequence the owners of fast horses are on the qui vive, know- ing that over seven thousand dollars in premiums will be awarded by the managers. Last svontg the fair was formaliy and pleasantly inaugurat by a reception given by the Society at Floral Hall, which had been artistically decorated for the occasion, and at which the beauty, Wealth and pone gag of the county were largely repre~ sented, The terpsichorean festivities were enthusl- astically prolonged unul an early wha morning. ° hour