The New York Herald Newspaper, August 5, 1872, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, — TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, Ne. 2% Bowory.— Ow Guanp—Jack Sumrraxp, £0, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—From Anroan—A Kiss in tHe Dark, WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner Thirtioth st.— Kir, Tux Angansds Travetien. ‘Afternoon and Evening OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway, between Houston and Bleecker sts,—Oxx Wire. * UNION SQUARE THEATRE, Mth st. and Brondway.— Tux Goon FoR Norwixc._ WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth street.—Rouix Hoop. PARK THEATRE, opposite City Walt, Brooklyn.— Escarep vaom Sing Siva, CENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Ganpsn = Insrrowentan Concert. TERRACE GARDEN, ‘8th st., betwoon Third and Lex ington avs.—Scuaex KvENina Concenrs, NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Somos anv Ant, q ¢ WITH SUPPLEMENT. New York, Monday, August CONTENTS OF TO-DAY’S HERALD, Page. Advertisements. R—Rural Suicides—Advertisements. S—Louisiana; The Warmoth and Pinchback Politi- cal Muddle—Livingstone and Staniey—Sun- day Afloat: The Cruise of the Atlantic Yac’.t Club—City Politics—The Federal Council of the International Workingmen’s Association French Internationals in Council—Youthful Highwaymen—The Abandoned Infant. €—Editoriais: Leading Article, “Continued Civil War in Mexico—An American Protectorate or Annexation—A Splendid Opportunity for derdo de Tejada’—Amusement Announce- ments. S—Mexico: Revolutionary Forces Resuming the Fight Against Lerdo de Tejada—Cuba: The Fortnightly War Report of the Captain General—Cable Telegrams from England, France, Spain, Italy, Abyssinia and Sere The Utah Outrage—North Carolina: ie Returns from Election Districts Contradic- tory and Confused—Gossip at the Political Povey mba Roy pa in the Isles—Greeley eae ‘our—Miscellancous Telegraph—Weather port—Business Notices, 6—Europe: The Flow of German Immigration to the United States; American Annexation Gossip in the Far East; Fourth of July in Stamboul—The Laws Passed by the Late New York Legislature—Newark’s Jack Sheppard: Burglar Billy Badly Beaten. T—Advertisements. 8—Roligious: Cloudy Skies and_a Diminished At- tendance at the Churches Yesterday; A Ser- mon on the Authenticity of the Bible by Dr. Chapin, of Rochester; Dr. Starrs on the Charity of Christ; Professor Martin Describes the Fruit of Sin and the Eternal Consequences Thereof; A Sermon on the Fourth Command- ment; The Farewell Discourse of the Rey. Alfred Harris at the Hoboken Baptlat Church— The Westchester Mystery—A Poor Marks- Emel River Mysteries—Sunday Mornin, it Jefferson Market—Effects of Bigamy—. Day at. High Bridge. 9—A Day at High bridge (continued from Bia Page)—Financial and Commercial: yall Street Results for the Last Week; Upward Movement in Gold; Excitement Among Im- porters and Heavy Customs Recelpts Under the New Tarlif; The French Loan and Its ns to American Financiers; Secretary Boutwell’s Errors and Their Effect Upon the Credit of the United States; Erie Afairs and Failures; Our Domestic Exchanges and How They Are Likely to be Af- fected by the Operation of the New Tarif; Money Hardening; Forcign Exchange Easy, Governments Steady: and Southern Securities Quiet; A Doubtful Bank State- ment—The City Finances—Oanoe Dolly Var- den: The Upper SEDO, Between Lakes Cass and Winnibicoshish—Coroners’ Work Yesterday—Burglary in Fourteenth Street— Marriages and Deaths. 40—A isloodiexs Battle: esidential Platos Spar- ring Across the Shadows of Horace and Ulysses; ‘he Latest “Big Thing; All Chival- rydom Centred on Grant and Greeley in a Sylvan Grove; General Hunton and Guerilla Chief Mosby Toeing the Mark; Eppa Opens for coer proas Hero—The London Stage— Sunday in the Park—Fatal Accident int Newark—Confidential Smith—Shipping Intel- ligeuce—Advertisements. Tae Nattonan THanxscrivine mv France.— Thanksgiving services for the success of the new loan were held in the French churches yesterday. A national thanksgiving under the circumstances was most becoming. The new loan has taught France to have faith in her- self. Out of adversity has grown up a great national blessing. Once more the French people feel satisfied that Providence has come to their aid; once more France feels her own strength. The national thanksgiving, as we have said, is most becoming. May France never again have occasion to rejoice after so great a nationalsorrow! May she continue to have faith in herself ! Ovr Forricy Corresponpence.—Elsewhere fn our pages this morning will be found a selection of letters from the Henatp's corre- spondents abroad, culled from the mails of recent dates. Our Berlin correspondent de- scribes the immense flow of emigrants from Germany and gives the reasons for the depart- ure of the Germans from their much-loved Fatherland. A better class of emigrants, it will be observed, are taking their departure for the United States, who, we hope, will not linger in the large seaport towns here, but pro- ceed West, where their industry and energy will be amply rewarded. From Madrid we learn of the uneasy mutterings of the Spanish politicians thrown from office and deprived of power and patronage by the accession of Zorrilla to power. The progress of events in the land of the Sultan—where we find that even in the far East Americans do not forget their national anniversary, but celebrate it with true and loyal honor—is also chronicled. Travel in Ireland, in wild Connemara, is not the least interesting of the letters which we present for the benefit of our readers this morning. Presmentia, Cuamprons at Sacem, Vin- Gtv1a.— We present to-day full special report of one of the most extraordinary political tilts recorded during the present canvass. General Hunton and Colonel Mosby, of Confed- erate notoriety, agreed to call together their followers aud debate, like true philosophers, the relative merits of Ulysses 8. Grant and Horace Greeley, the Presidential candidates. Everything being arranged, a distinguished party met on Saturday in a most charming and romantic grove on the “sacred oil” of Virginia. Upon the same platform, and surrounded by their admirers, the champions did battle for their respective chiefs, Hunton for Greeley and Mosby for Grant, praising and condemning alternately with a vehemence worthy of the cause of the nation, whose troubles for the nonce seemed to fairly NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, AUGUST 5, 1872—WITH SUPPLEMENT. Continued Civil War in Mexieo—An American Protectorate or Annexation— A Splendid Opportunity for Lerdo de Tejada. The death of Benito Juarez has not brought pence to the distracted republic of Mexico. According to our latest special despatch from Matamoros the revolutionary Generals Tro- vifio and Quiroga, with considerable forces at their command, refuse to accept the amnesty proffered by the existing government of Lerdo de Tojada, who, as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, constitutionally fills the Executive chair pro tem.—that is, until President shall have been regularly elected by the people, These revo- lutionary chiefs appear, on thé contrary, determined to oppose Lerdo de Tojado in favor of General Porfirio Diaz, the nominal leader and originator of the revolution. Gen- eral Rocha, continues our report, is preparing to take the field against thom. When the death of Juarez was announced the civil strife came toa momentary standstill, and it was hoped that it would finally terminate now that the bone of contention, the Presidential*chair, has been vacated by the man against whom the revolutionary movement was arrayed. It was vain to expect this from partisan leaders, who pursue their own selfish onds without regard to the interests of theit country. The principal revolutionary gonorals, Trevifio and Quiroga, refuse to ‘clasp hands across the bloody chasm.” Although they havea chance of carrying their candidate at the next Presi- dential election they prefer the bloody arbitra- ment of the sword to the chances of a poaco- ful victory at the polls, Such people are ovi- dently not fit for self-government. There can be no clearcr case than that Lerdo do Tejada is the constitutional Executive of tho republic until a successor to Juarez shall have been elected, To provide for this election it is necessary first to call the national Congress together, and next for this Congress to pass a law naming the day and purpose of the election. But Trevifio and Quiroga want to raise Por- firio Dinz by force of arms to the Presidency. True to the usual system of Mexican warfare, their adherents plunder the people right and left, without regard to party. In view, therefore, of the chronic clements of disorder in Mexico, the apparently interminable civil war and the inevitable conflicts on the border between the Mexican cattle thieves and smugglers and our Texns citizens, it would be wise in Mr. Lerdo do Tejada and his principal supporters to pre- pare the way for a protectorate of or annexa- tion to the United States, The telegrams from our correspondents on the border, published yesterday, and, indeed, from day to day for some time past, show that the depredations on our soil increase rather than abate. So frequent and alarming have these robberies and outrages become that the Texans, in the want of proper protection from the government at Washing- ton, are organizing to protect themselves, A bloody border warfare seems inevitable, and this in the end must lead to war betweer the two republics. The whole Rio Grande border is infested with lawless and plundering Mex- icans, who treat America and the American flag with contempt. In fact, our citizens are murdered and our custom house officers be- sieged and slain in broad daylight. How- ever good the intentions of the govern- ent now installed at the city of Mexico may be it has neither the means nor the power to provent thes ontragés, Annexation must come at no distant day, and it would be well if the new President pro tem. should pre- pare the public mind of Mexico and open ne- gotiations with the United States to bring about that event. An American protectorate, or, better still, annexation to the United States, would give peace and prosperity to Mexico. Under the benign and restraining influences of such a rule, industry would be encouraged and the vast resources of the country de- veloped. In the initiation of this policy, em- bracing railroads and the encouragement of investments of capital from abroad in these improvements, and in the development of her mines, her agricultural capabilities and her manufactures, President Lerdo de Tejada may confer the highest honors upon himself in con- fering the most substantial and enduring ben efits upon his country. The mineral resources of Mexico still re- main undeveloped. She needs peace, capital and a wise and liberal legislation upon the subject of railroads in order to achieve such development. The mining laws of Mexico are sufficiently generous in them- selves, as they make mines tho property of whoever is willing to work them, irrespective of the ownership of the lands in or upon which they may be discovered. The world has need of the great deposits of gold and silver of Mexico for purposes of circula- tion, and it is evident that if Mexico cannot from and of herself extract and add them to the money current of commerce at a very early day the attention of other peoples will be seriously directed to them. We hear of a late realization of several millions of dollars of silver bars from the mines of Real del Monte, in the State of Mexico; of immense fortunes having been recently made by the new discovery of deposits, resulting in tens of millions of dollars from only few mines ; but when one reflects that for every rich mine now being worked in Mexico there are hundreds yet untouched, and which can be owned by the act of working them, it is evident that such tempting riches cannot much longer tan- talize grasping mankind. If the Mexicans themselves choose to be lazily indifferent to this great wealth which they happen to possess within their borders, men and capitalists of other nationalities, the Anglo-American miner, will soon look for and secure some safe and satisfactory method for realizing it. Among the metalliferous and mineral prod- ucts found in Mexico in abundance are gold, silver, iron, copper, tin, quicksilver, coal and petroleum; but only the extraction of silver. has been thus far undertaken, and that upon a very limited scale. Her gold fields are exten- sive but comparatively unknown, although overwhelm them. Mosby was, perbaps,. the fiercer of the two, but unfortunately a chival- rous physician of Warrenton, taking upon himself the responsibility of chastising the Confederate chief for some hard language em- ployed, has challenged the Colonel to megt him in deadly combat. This was readily ac- cepted. Both gentlemen were arrested and placed under bonds to keep the peace; but it they comprise gold placers as well as gold quartz veins. She has monntains of iron and yet manufactures no rails or other railroad ma- terial. Sho has millions upon millions of dol- lars’ worth of native copper rising to the sur- face; but it is not worth exportiag to-day be- cause of the cost of freights upon mules’ backs, no railroads existing in the copper regions; and is that the chivalrous citizens are de- to “have it out’’ in accordance with the code of honor. her tin and quicksilver deposits promise to equal, if not to exceed, any in the world. On the Pacific and Gulf of Mexico consts petroleum springs exist. undeveloped, and, |The Geneva Arbitration and Our | deaf tothe voice of God and duinb however inconsistent it may appear to be with the theories of geologists, anthracite and bitu- minous coals Abound in Mexico—a country of volcanoes and volcanic strata. Precious stones are also found, inoluding the opal and the emerald, and, there are reasons for boliev- ing, possibly the diamond also. What is to be done with such a country on our Continent, inhabited by a poople who lazily ond indifferently sleep away their years with such riches underneath their very door- steps? Railroads must be built in order to facilitate the transportation of troops for the suppression of revolts—and in this way give security to the capital and labor employed and to be employed in develdping her natural wealth—and to give rapid and cheap trans- portation. ‘ And now is the favorable time for this hew departure, Tho Californians on the Pacific slope are pushing down sevoral railway lines to the Mexican frontier; a powerful combination of railway men from the East are pushing for- ward the Southorn Pacifico Railroad, which within a year or two will be in full operation near the Mexican border from El Paso del Norte to San Diego; the men of Colorado, with an eye to “the Halls of the Montezumas"’ as their ultimate destination, aro rapidly push- ing forward along the eastern flank of the Rocky Mountains a narrow-gauge road down to El Paso, and the Mormons and Gentiles from Great Salt Lake are going ahead with a road of the gefieral gauge southward through the mining districts of Utah, en route’ to Ari- zona, All these lines suggest the advantages to Mexico and to us of Mexican connections, Such connections, extending to the city of Mexico, are inevitable, and delay in these un- dertakings is only a loss of time and money to all concerned. But we see by the press telegrams that Mexico is indifferent to railroads; that pioneers and capitalists who are disposed to enter seriously upon their construction in that unhappy country have not met with the co- operation of the Moxzican people which thoy had hoped for, and have secured no franchises, not even the right of way, while a late despatch states that Gencral Rosecranz has felt hurt at their apathy upon this great subject, of such vital national im- portance. It is true that Mexico has no money or credit with which to foster these great enterprises, and it is also true that she has also but little or no public lands to give; yet in her poverty, known to all the world, she could show a disposition to grant rights of way freely, if nothing more, unless sho has foolishly determined to attempt to wall out a civilization and a progress higher and greater than those she now enjoys. The increasing commerce of the world demands an increased circulating medium, and as Mexico possesses so abundantly the precious metals, it threatens to become soon a question of universal interest as to what the duty of the United States may be relative to the realization of a supply from that country. California, Australia and the Old World can scarcely satisfy the demand, and we must look to Mexico and our own mining fields. As wo have committed ourselves against foreign influences upon this Continent—be they politi- cal, military or pecuniary—Amerioan capital, American enterprise and American labor must naturally employ themselves in the solution of the problem in question, under a protection which shall be sanctioned by the commercial necessities and the civilization of the epoch. This inevitable issue cannct much longer be postponed, and now is the opportunity for a new departure by President Lerdo de Tejada which will mark a new and glorious era in the history of Mexico. The Goleonda of Arizona—Licntenant Wheeler's Exploring Expedition. While the reports from San Francisco of the wonderful discoveries of diamonds, rubies, sapphires and emeralds in Eastern Arizona, in the district contiguous to those strange and wonderful Aztec ruins on the Colorado, Chiqui- to, are generally discredited, it appears that a ‘‘prospector’’ of the name of Savage has turned up at Salt Lake City who can testify in favor of the rubies and sapphires. In proof of this, it is said that Savage refers to several jewellers to whom he sold the stones, not knowing their true value; and he says that nearly all the stones were rubies and sapphires, but. that there were no diamonds among them. The San Francisco reports of this American Golconda cover either a great discovery of a district of precious stones, a great speculative enterprise of some sort (the Pacific Railroad by the thirty-fifth parallel, perhaps) or a stupid hoax. Lieutenant Wheeler's government ex- ploring expedition which on Saturday, 150men strong, all told, left Salt Lake City for its ap- pointed field work in Northern Arizona and Eastern Nevada, will doubtless penetrate to those mysterious regions of the Colorado Chi- quito, where these fields of precious stones are reported, and definitely settle the question whether their existence in that country is o reality or a myth, _ Independently of this ques- tion, we anticipate from Lieutenant Wheeler's explorations in the comparatively unknown regions indicated mauy interesting and valu- able discoveries to science, the government and the country. Asrnoxouy ann Porrtics.—Dr. Peters, the announcing tho discovery of two planets on the same night—the night of July the fact bearing upon the Presidential cam- paign. This sapient philosopher and ram- pant political partisan drags in the stars to aid the election of General Grant. He says, “The astrological interpretation of the plancts making their appearance in two the same night that our esteemed President dwelt in the neighboring city is clearly that General Grant will have to serve two terms in the Presidential chair.” If Dr. Peters’ astronomi- cal knowledge is not more reliable than his political vision, looking at the North Carolina election and the signs of the times generally, his new planets must remain doubtful. How- ever, he may be a respectable star gazer and a poor politician at the same time. What Dr. Peters means by the President dwelling in the neighboring city we can understand, but the literal expression is that he dwelt in the neighboring city of the planets. We have no wish to be hypercritical, but must say that this astronomer evinces very bad taste in mixing up his sstronomical discovery with politics, Director of the Litchfield Observatory, in | 21—makes an astrological interpretation of | Own Finances—A Hint for Secretary Boutwell. Since the commencement of the Presiden- tial campaign we have received every second or third day a stereotyped paragraph from Washington announcing that is going on well at Genova and that the result of the arbitration will be quite satisfactory. Thero is not much to interest the people in this announcement, which is repeated this morning, and we would suggest to the gentle- men who are responsible for the political coloring of the official despatches from the na- tional capital that it would bo as well to say as little as possible just now about the Alabama claims and the Geneva Conference. The un- savory business of the Treaty of Washington is ovor, so far as the American people are con- cerned, and the less they hear about it the better. ‘The only parties any longer interested in the deliberations of the highly respectable arbitra- tors are those who have claims against England for direct losses incurred through the depreda- tions of the Anglo-rebel privatoers, and it ap- pears tolerably certain that they will not be so well satisfied with the result of the arbitration as the Washington diplomats appear deter- mined to be. In the cases of several of the ships sont forth to prey upon our commerce England has already been pronounced non- liable, and in those instances in which her lia- bility is maintained there will be sucli a sharp scrutiny of the claims that their sum is likely to be seriously reduced. In fact, this glorious settlement of all our difficultios and discussions with Great Britain} of which we havo heard 80 much from the State Department, has dogenerated into a mere squaring up of a few open accounts in a lawyer-like manner, with keen, suspicious men searching into every item and ferreting out every flaw or informality, and with the chances strongly against the claimants. ‘Lhe objection to the Johnson- Clarendon Convention on the Alabama claims was that it only sought a hard-cash settlement with England, and left the national grievances untouched and the national honor unsatisfied. Our Geneva chaffering and haggling is worse than the Johnson-Clarendon Treaty, inasmuch as it has only reached the same end after the nation has been disgraced and humiliated. It would be far better for our Washington statesmen to turn their attention to our own financial condition and to let the people un- derstand something ahout that, instead of de- voting their attention to the progress made in the settlement of the claims of a few men who lost ships or property by the acts of the pirate vessels fitted out in English ports during our war. Mr. Boutwell’s policy begins to be seri- ously attacked in quarters hitherto apparently well satisfied with his vagaries, and an uneasy desire exists to learn exactly what the resources of our government are. The statements of balances at the Treasury Department are openly charged to be fictitious and as not truthfully representing our financial condition. The reserves in the banks are materially less than they were this time last year. We appear to be just awakening to the fact that a high- pressure speed in decreasing the national debt may hurry us into serious difficulties, The country is rich enough to take care ot itself, and its wealth must increase every year with the swelling tide of emigration and the development of our vast resources. But in the mean- time. Boutwell’s theory of finance may throw the business of the country into inex- tricable confusion and cause a great amount of evil. He had better watch the gold market and look sharply aiter his balances, and let the claims of the few persons now interested in the Geneva Tribunal take care of themselves, The people have no further concern in the Treaty of Washington, since it has failed in its great object of removing all bitterness and heartburning between the two nations. After the sharp legal quibbling at Geneva shall have ceased, and the Alabama direct claimants shall have pocketed the money and discharged their obligations to the lobby, it will be found that the real Alabama claims have not been settled at all, and that as a bond of good will between the two nations the famous treaty is not worth the paper on which it is written. Palpit Platitudes. The irrepressible Rey. ©. B. Smyth, who, meteor-like, when we have almost forgotten him, turns up ever andanon to remind us that he still lives and labors, has onge more come to the front. This time,he seesin the success of the Heratp Livingstone Search Expedition an evidence of the fulfilment of that prophecy which declares that Ethiopia will soon stretch out her hands unto God. It is but the fore- runner of other expeditions that will penetrate that dark land and bring the influences of the Gospel to a people oppressed by ignorance and superstition. This Gospel is able to make wise unto social and political salvation, as well as unto eternal salvation; and being so, it be- comes every one’s duty to know it, and to search the Scriptures, even as Timotby did, from childhood. Mr. Smyth tried his hand at political prophecy, and he finds the principles of an immense volcano slumbering, hidden, ready to burst forth and upheave society with wonderful commotion, not only in America, but also beneath the decaying thrones of Europe. The struggle which is at present going on between political antagonists is only the incipiency of a mightier one that docs not appear on the surface, Those who think it is so much easier to pro- duce moral conviction in the soul by means of physical demonstrations rather than by the Word of God ought to read the abstract of the sermon preached by Dr. H. B. Chapin, of Rochester. It is nothing new for men to look and long for such demonstrations, If some one would only come to them from the abode of the blessed or of the lost they would no longer doubt the existence of hell or heaven. But since they have no such testimony they are content to pass by the evidence of Moses and the prophets. But if they hear not these, neither would they be persuaded though one rose from the dead. And yet, as Rev. Professor Martin declared, no possible human language can describe the situation of a guilty sinner stand- ing before God with an eternity before him to receive punishment for his crimes. Each man must answer for individual guilt, and be brought to judgment before a stern and im- placable Judge. It behooves évery man, therefore, to prepare his defence beforehand, But, as Rev. Dr. Starrs reminded his Catholic congregation, ‘notwithstanding the favorable opportunities held forth to all professing to be Christians, there are very many who aro required to give utterance to the inspirations of the Holy Ghost."’ How often has the tongue of slander and blasphemy spoken in our. presence and we have failed to reprove it or to Point out to the erring one the better way! But to enable us to do this we must have our own hearts right before God and be ourselves cured of our mental and moral deafness and dumbness by the Saviour. Our out-of-town pulpits are on a par with our city pulpits to-day. Tho Rev. Mr. Nichols, at Far Rockaway, made an incident con- nected with Paul's shipwreck on his way to Rome the basis for thankfulness ond praise for the “unspeakable bleasing we possess in the Word of God—the Bible—open to every mind, free to every soul in our great country. Trammelled by burdensome superstitions, mul- titudes have gone down to their graves unblessed by its cheering annunciations of truth and duty.”” And to-day, he declared, where the Scriptures are not permitted to be read “tyranny rules, crime abounds, and a blind, indiscriminating infidelity rejects the most sacred truths of revelation, with tho priesteraft and imposture it abhors.’’ After a pastorate of thirteen years over tho First Baptist church of Hoboken, the Rev. Alfred Haris yesterday preached his farewell sermon and bade his congregation goodby, and asked their prayers for himself in his now field of labor in Wostchester, Pa. ‘whe Vontilatioh and Disinfoction of Sowers, One of the most vital sanitary questions now agitating the public mind, and, we are glad to say, enlisting the experimental researches of eminent savans, is the ventilation and manage- ment of the sewage systems of our towns and cities. In nothing can science make its im- portance more deeply felt than in mastering those subjects which most concern the health and happiness of our homes. For some years a few quiet and patient laborers in the field of chemical and municipal climatology have been experimenting to ascertain the most favorable methods of treating the drainage and sewerage of the densely crowded marts of Europe and America, and we have had their various and somewhat varying conclusions put before the world. Without attempting to give all the results of these valued investigations, it is highly necessary in the present morbid and morbific season to point out the surest and safest conclusions reached. The Henaup some time ago pointed out the danger of the pneumatic dissemination of sewer gas in our houses, hotels and public buildings, and suggested proper architec- tural precautions and safeguards from the invisible and subtle poison of these sewer exhalations. tis of paramount importance, however, to protect our streets and avenues from the pestilential odors, as well to secure our parlors and bedrooms. There is no perfect method yet devised of ventilating sewers, and until some such plan is devised as will meet all the conditions re- quired it is highly dosirable to resort to dis- infection on a large scale. If we cannot deal with the poison by diluting it sufficiently in the great atmospheric ocean, the obvious alternative is to destroy or extract its deadly power by some chemical agent. But very recent investigations show that the evil of sewage infection gan, be yery materially diminished by certain methods. Water, the great cleanser, is, of course, first appealed to to do its work, and in London the Board of Health have occasionally adopted the plan of flooding the sewers and purging by the mechanical action of water. This remedy is impossible in many of our cities where the water supply is never superfluous and must usually be carefully husbanded. . It is objected to the use of water that in flooding the sewer, the rats—the only perfect scavengers—are kept out, and Mr. Thom, an experimenter of Chorley, England, found it necessary to con- struct sidings or landings for these invaluable animals. It is certain, also, that water greatly assists decomposition and, unless used in ex- cessive and exhaustless profusion, so as to carry off in its rush the poison it has helped to disengage, it is the most fatal agent at work in the sewer. The extromes of excess and want of water have been conclusively proved, therefore, to be the safest; for, in the absence of this element, the process of decom- position is slow. It is clear, then, that in all cities and towns where it is impossible to deluge the sewers and keep them ever gorged with water, the next best thing is to prevent and cut off their supply and preserve them as dry as possible. Water waste, beyond a doubt, not only deprives the people who recklessly squander it of this great necessity of life, but also rapidly promotes the processes of decomposition and renders the sewer system intolerably offensive and deadly. It should ever be remembered that all accumu- lations of filth and offal in our suburban de- positories should be put upon high and dry ground, and kept as dry as possible. As to the actual ventilation of the sewers, the inter- ests of health will never be guarded until we learn to seal up hermetically these chan- nels of infection, and permit no com- munication between them and our streets or houses except by trap openings. If this were done, it might be worthy of considera- tion whether, as has been suggested, the sewer might not be ventilated by steam fans, causing a current of air to pass through it as through our pneumatic railways, or in another way, by tubes opening high up above the ground and discharging their putrid air into the more rapid currents above. But until some such plan is adopted for ventilating the sewer or diluting its poisons, it is better to multiply its street openings and hasten the process of dilution. It is now well known that the human system is very susceptible to the taint of a small body of concentrated infection, inhaled for a few mo- ments, but is quite safe from the same infec- tion, even in cholera or smallpox hospitals, when the infected nir is diluted. It results, from what has been advanced, that the best means that now offer for getting rid of the great pest of modern cities aro, first, to dimin- ish as much as possible the supply of water to the sewers, unless they can be perennially flooded ; second, to multiply the facilities for dilution by contact with the open air, and, lastly and chiefly, to resort in the utmost de- gree to the uso of disinfectants. If our people aro to be visited by the long- threatened scourge of Asiatic cholera not a day can be safely Jost to put the sewer systems of oll our principal towns and cities in the midst healthy or tho lonst pe condi- tion. We now miso 7 0 ape daca all our health gudedians and authorities. The College Boat Race—The Atalenta’s Chalicnge. Whatever may have been thought of the judgment of the Atalanta Boat Club of this city, in making the match which early this summer brought them such a bad defeat at the hands of the London Rowing Club, there was but one opinion of their pluck; and we are glad that by our recent article on the College boat race the opportunity has been offered and promptly seized by them to vindicate their claim to being the first amateur oarsmen of the country, though it seems a pity that the teat they now seek could not have been applied before the English match, Captain Withers, of the Atalantas, is out with a challenge to “@ picked four of the Amherst six, or, if they cannot be got together, a picked four from the six University crows which rowed at Spring- field on the 24th of July, the race to take place over the same course before October 1.’ Though the acceptance of this offer will necessitate the devotion of much of the vacation of the parties challenged to the laborious work of training, as well as perhaps coming together from distant pointa, and it may be the breaking of a resolve not to row in any but college races,’ yet we hope they will think woll of it, and, even though in Amborst’s case from the. graduating of some of their best men they have givon up rowing for good, will reconsider their determination and take part in a contest which promises to be of so much interest and to settle so much. But before making this challenge the Atalanta captain takes one or two positions which ssem to us hardly tenable. We had previously characterized the only Harvard crew that the Atalantas had ever beaten asa crippled and demoralized one. Tho Captain says: —‘Oan this be so when such well known oarsmen at Messrs. Bass, Tucker, Jones, Loring, Sanger and Read comprised the crew, most of whom had had several years’ experience in the Uni- versity six?’’ But of the six gentlemen named wo find that but two, Messrs Read and Jones, have ever rowed before in a university (it should be college) race. It is a little sur- prising, too, that Captain Withers should con- found William C. Loring, an-oarsman nearly unknown to the public, with Alden Porter Loring, tho famous Harvard stroke at home in 1867 and 1868 and in England in 1869, Moreover, this Mr. Loring had been out of practice for two years, and was only sum- moned to the crew at the eleventh hour to take the place of Mr. Rice, who was indulging in the measles. Mr. Jonos also had been laid up for weeks with a badly sprained ankle, and, os a contemporary says, the crow had not had over ten’ hours’ practice together in all, and how much that would umount te it is idle to say. Again, the Captain says that tho 22:08 mada by the Atalantas over the English cours of four miles and three furlongs is faster than Ambherst’s 16:32} over the three miles at Spring- field, and that the current in the two cases was ‘about equal.”’ We undor- stand that it is seldom that the current of the Connecticut there runs even as fast as two miles an hour, while Harvard found that the tide on the Putney course runs over four, and that her crew, with Loring and Simmons, her best men, both out of condition, and carry- ing one hundred and six pounds of coxswain, too, could cover these four miles and thred farlongs on an almost slack tidoand ina losing race in 22:19, only eleven seconds more than the Atalantas required when in their best order and with no twenty-six pounds and a half of coxswain apiece to carry. The Captain asserts that rowing, as he did, from Mortlake to Putney, takes longer than from Putney to Mortlake; but how so—when not only the tide, but the current, too, is favorable, for this is down stream—he does not make so clear. He adds that ‘‘wealso beat the Oxford crew's time in their race with Har- vard over half a minute.’ Bell's Life, of Saturday, August 28, 1869, says that the time made by Oxford in this race was 22:17, and, as the Captain’s own figures for the Atalantas, leaving out any deduction for the foul, are as above—22:08—we hardly understand hig method of subtraction. Bearing in mind the vast difference between Ambherst’s 16:32} and the Atalanta’s 18:19}, over a three-mile course on the Connecticut, and looking at the wide gap between the latter and the London Rowing Club on the Thames last June—almost if not quite ten times as wide ag that between Oxford and ‘Harvard. three years ago—we cannot help thinking our state- ment entirely safe, unpalatable though it may be to the good Captain when we said that the Atalontas had ‘changed the name of American amateur rowing, which Harvard had forced Englishmen to respect, to a laughing-stock and e byword." i THE WEATHER, + War DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF THH CHIKF SIGNAL OFFICER, Wasuinaton, D. 0., Aug. 5—1 A. M. Synopsis for the Past Twenty-four Hours, The highest barometer covers the Middle and Eastern States, with iight, variable northerly and northeasterly winds and partly cloudy weather. On the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts partly cloudy weather, with northeasterly winds and increasing pressure. Southwesterly winds over the upper lake region, with falling barometer nortl: of Lake Michigan and southeasterly winds, with clear weather, on the lower lakes; light northerly to northeasterly winds and clear weather in the Ohio and Mississippi Valleys. Probabilities, Light northerly to easterly winds and partly cloudy weather will prevail in the Middle and South Atlantic States, with rain in the latter; southerly and westerly winds on the Upper Lakes extending eastward over the Lower Lakes and ta New England, with cloudy weather on Monday; southerly winds in the Upper Mississippt Vallee and the northwest, with clear weather, The Weather in This City Yesterday. , The following record will show the changes in the temperature for the past twenty-four hours in com- rion with the corresponding day of last year, Hy indicated by the Thermometer at Hudnut’s Pharmacy, HERALD Bullding :— 1871, 1872, 1871, 1872, 3A. M $1 72 3:30 P.M 88 79 6A. $2 72 OP. M. 12 9A, 8604 oP. 12 87 7 12 P.M. 72 Average temperature rday + 18 Average temperature for coi ponding date last year... 88% MEETING OF GERMAN CATHOLICS, CINCINNATI, August 4, 1872. About eight hundred German Catholics hela a meeting to-night and passed resolutions of indigna- tion at the expulsion of the Jesuits from the Ger- man Empire, The meeting was addressed by Father Leopold, one of the expelled Jesuits, who is now of their resolutions mocror liam and to Bismarck,