The New York Herald Newspaper, July 21, 1872, Page 5

VACHTING. CENTREBOARDS VS. KEELS. The Advantages of a Centreboard Boat as a Sea Boat. <THE CENTREBOARD THE SAFEST BOAT, Opinions of Messrs. Van Densen and Fishy the Well-Known Modellers, gs THE TWO-BOARD PRINCIPLE. _ “Going across the ocean this summer, Charlie ?”’ “Yes, 1 intend takinga trip in a new centreboard ” “What! are you going to risk a voyage across the Atiantic in a centreboard boat, after having read all that has been written about their weakness in Srame and unreliability in a sea way?’ “Oertainly Iam, as, in my belief, acentreboard ‘oat is superior inevery respect to the keel boat, and reading the egotistical twaddle of a writer whose chief talent appears to Ie in personal abuse ‘will hardly change my impressions." The above conversation took place a few morn- ings since in a well-known restaurant on the cor- ner of Beaver and William streets, and it struck the writer at the moment how strange it is that in many cases such a length of time is allowed to elapse before useful inventions are brought into thorough practical use. If one takes a retrospec- tive view of the history of shipbuilding it is curi- eug to note the tenacity with which naval archi- tects cling to old ideas rather than adopt the new inventions that science had developed if the age in which they flourished. This objection to innova- ‘tions of any kind, however, is not confined to ship- building alone. and there are many alive to this day who can remember with what stern resistance many people set their faces against the introduc- tien of STEAM, and for years after the cara were running many ‘would prefer a stage ride, involving an extra waste of ten or fifteen hours, to risking their lives behind such an infernal machine. Of course time eventu- ally smoothed over these fears,and by and by Peeple became accustomed to steam cars, and won- dered they had not instantly perceived the ad- vantages of such an invention. Tt is only about ten or twelve years since, when George Francis Train attempted to introduce horse cars or tramways in London, that the residents of that trme-honored city howled with virtuous indignation, but yet wolence and economy have outlived prejudice, and the cars are now running on the principal thor- oughfares leading to the suburbs, When steam was first applicd to vessels tho idea was laughed at, and for many years people crossing the Atlantic would prefer the forty or fifty days in a sailng vessel to twelve or fourteen under steam. Even scientific men, vide Dr. Lardner, attempted to demonstrate that the navi- tion of the Atlantic by steam power alone was practicable. After some thirty years of padule- wheel propulsion a Captain Ericssen introduced the screw propellor. The invention proved a per- feet success in every respect, but when submitted to the English Board of Admiralty they failed to recognize the peculiar applicatlity of that means of propulsion for vessels of war, and seven years elapsed before the construction of the Rat- , the first English man-of-war propelled by means of ascrew. Again, screw steamers were not atall fancied by passengers, and for many years they were thought to be unsafe as seagoing ves- sels, and acientific men stated that they would roll over in & sea way. Time, however, has outlived these prejudices, and steamboat companies havo discove' that the screw retains its efficacy as a propelling agent under a greater variety of sea, ‘Weather and trim than the paddles, and that it also ee Sisaee ba) being ate age the sails and a lay of seamanship in the navigation of the vessel, In the present day . PADDLE-WHEFL 4 steamers ‘have been completely stiperseded as seae going vessels, and in the aR leet of steamers plying between New York and Liverpool a paddie- eel 1s looked n a8 @ curtosity. Every inventioh that has been brought forward as an improvemen: upon old manners and customs has always been made the butt of numerous at- tacks from all the old fogies of the day, who can- not be brought to understand that we live in an of progression and that the ideas inculcated in CPi are behind the age. It has been the work of years to introduce machinery into the manufacture of cotton, silk and other staple pro- ucts, and in fact every advance in civilization or means of pesaning the labor of man by machine work has been met with numberless obstacles, : ' THE OENTREBOA! ‘ 1s not an invention of a few years, here is every reason to believe that it has been in application for the past fifty or sixty years, There are men now alive who remember centreboards in use in the country fifty years ago. The first idea of a centreboard appears to have emanated with the Jeeboard, that Is still used by some of the flat-bot- tomed scows in river navigation. The leeboard is really two boards, one on each side of the vessel, fastened by a pivot, and which could be raised or Jowered at desire. It received the name of leeboard from the fact that when sailing on the wind the dee beard was the one lowered. Some genina, however, came to the conclusion that it was useless carrying two boards when one would suffice, and therefore put in a trunk and dropped his board through the centre. The inventor, finding that his system worked advantageously, christened the work of his rain @ centreboard, so as to distinguish it from the ordinary leeboard, It appears to have found immense favor in the coasting trade, so much so that nearly three-fourths of two and three-masted echooners under 600 tone engaged in that branch of business are centreboard vessels. On the West- ern lakes there are also a number of large centre- board schooners, Now, it appears strange that in the face of the adoption of the centreboard by three-fourths of the des COASTING SCOONERS, that the cry should be raised that centreboard boats are not fit for rough weather. The best and most conclusive answer to this mistaken theory is arrived at by referring to the list of wrecks and Josses in the coasting trade, and it will there be found that of the vessels lost the percentage is far heavier on keel than oncentreboard vessels. There | appears to be a mistaken impression that if a vessel is fitted with a centreboard she must be of a flat, full model, and therefore unfit for sea-going pur- Now, this 1s a very erroncons idea, as the centreboard can be just as appropriately applied to the modei of sharp and fine lines. The principal objection that appears to be raised againat centre- board boats is the Weakness oocasioned by the cut- tng of the FLOOR TIMBERS for some length midships for the centreboard case, but this defect can and is to a great extent avoided by strengthening the timbers at the weak points. A centreboard boat has many advantages over the Keelboat, especially for those in the coasting trade. | It is an undeniable fact that of two boats of similar model, one a keel boat and the other a centreboard, the latter would eat up to windward of the other, and it only appears natural when one comes ty think that the centreboard would have her board telling in solid water some eight feet lower than her antagonist. Again, sailing before the wind the centreboard boat with board up has less resistance tw the water than the boat dragging a hea el and conseqnently obtains a rreater speed. GAL¥ OF WIND, tt appears obvious that the centreboard boat of proper constractions would be the most easily dled and weather the storm in the most com- fort. If the wind was off shore they could haul up their board and drift away to leeward, with hardly @ wet deck, while a keel boat would be perpetually edging up in the wind and receiving the full force of the sea, breaking over her fore and aft, Again, if the centreboard boat was on a lee shore, she | would have the advantage of a keel boat, as with rd down she would be drawing some twenty tof water, and with the last eight feet of hor board in ‘solid, unbroken water, where every inch would tell, could hoid her own or beat off, as the | case might be. The centreboard is especially adapted for on account of the safety, econ | , economy, convenience and speed that are gained by its application, If we come to review the yachting of the past few sea- sons, it is noticeable that there is hardiy one of the large Keel boats that have not lost their keels or met with some similar accident. Now many of the centreboard yachts have lost their boards, but that is merely a trivial accident, occasions no damage ‘to the boat, and a new board is put in ata com- Sart ght cost. In many instances where the 1 yacht would be entircly lost by running on some SUNKEN ROCK the centreboard yacht would escape with the loss of her board, Again, it must be very annoying to the owner of @ Jarge keel yacht drawing twelve Feet of water to have to lay outside a bar some five or six miles from some seaboard town, while the yacht belonging to his friend, by raising her board, can run up and anchor within a stone’s throw of the shore, in reference to cabin accommodation the centrebvard yacht can have her space divided up with equai advant- age to the keelboat, as the centreboard case will ‘ Ina ‘or twenty-one fee! rove @ Very trifling inconventenve. As to speed, Bown on and of the wind, there is bat iittte douet of treboard the superiority of the cent yacht, a ex- [a For years the Navi bt it'was ‘not nati the ox fale a ate qeckta, wees brought pny ay mpg mig issue, Since then, however, a number of centrehoard Pe he A pry ig the present the Frineivte has able defenders in such you as the erin 0 Vesta, Colum! Wanderer, leine, jute and @dozen of others that could be nam In order to arrive at the opinion of some of the most noted ‘ht modellers of the day, the HERALD representative paid a visit to Mr. Van Deusen, the builder of the Columbia, Fleetwing, Fleur de Lis and other well known yachts, and to Captain Robert Fish, who d and su rintended the derer, and’ ‘who {s" also oredifed ith tne Nipple ¥ wi ‘of fue Sappun, i “| MR. VAN DEUSEN ‘was discovered at hie reridence in Williamsburg, deep in the mysteries of a midship section of a new design he is getting up for acentreboard yacht, about 121 feet on the water line, but courteously set aside his pencil and ruler, and on pene in- formed of the object of the visit, volunteered any information he could give. Mr. Van Deusen stated that centreboard yachts had been in existence longer than he could remem- ber, and the following conversation ensued :— Q. Do you believe centreboard vessels are sea- worthy’ A, Most decidedly; and they have proved themselves to be so. The Vesta must cer- tainly he called a seagoing vessel, taking into con- sideration the weather she encountered in her ocean race and the canvas she carried. But one of best proofs that can be given are practical proofs, and these we find in the STATIstics of loss and wrecks of vessels. Thepercentage of loss is far greater with keel than centreboard boats, Q. In what way do you account for that? A. carrying the same freight, say of from three to ave of from three to five hundred tons,’ one @ centreboard, and other @ keel vessel. Tho centre poard. boat will be built of light draught water, probably dra’ about seven or G feet, while the keelboat ‘will draw at least three or four feet more. The captains of coasting schooners are for the most part unacquainted with naviga- tion, and Ee! | beach it up and down and cal- culate their position by deaa reckon! and lead line. Many of them do not even w how to take the sun. Now the board vessel, drawing seven or eight fee and the keelboat drawing eleven or twelve feet, the centreboard acts as a perfect lead line, a8 when they touch they tmmediately bear off shore and get out of the shallow water. The keelboat, however, would stand on until brought up on her keel and would probably stay there, If by accident the centreboard vessel should become fast the damage could only resuit in the loss of the board, withou’ any damage to the vessel. A centre- board is a simpler affair to repair, but if the same should happen to a KEELBOAT she would probably be lost altogether. Q. Do you think centreboard vessels capable of standing a severe gale ofwind? A. Yes, if properly constructed in every respect, and in isis ine eenoce they would act much easier than the keelboat of the same size, For instance, a keelboat laying. too might have a hold of twelve feet of water, while a centreboard boat of the same size, by dropping her board to its full extent, could have a hold of twenty t. What are the objections to centreboard yachts? A. The main objection is the weakness at each end of the centreboard trunk, but which, however, is generally avoided by increasing the size of the timber at those points. Q. Which is the best boaton the wind? A. I think the centreboard. For instance, take two yachts of the same model, both rigged and sparred the same, one keel and the other centreboard. The latter will hold better wind and not make as much LEEWAY, from the fact*that the centreboara drops down into the still and solid water. She will also have a tendency to work to windward, as when a puif strikes her and she heels over the centreboard acts with a certain spring below, like the whip of an oar, that tends to work her up to windward. Practi- cal experience has ee us that of two boats equally matched speed the centre- board will eat to windward of the keel. Q. Which prin dq aren think the most prefer- able for yachting purp< 2? A, The centreboard, particularly for sailing in these Waters, as she is safer, You have never seen a centreboard yacht incur any dangers, with the exception of the loss of her board, whereas the large keel boats have al- Ways suffered to a great extent’ and have been a source of CONTINUAL ANNOYANCE by striking bottom, losing their keels and hitting sunken rocks. In our arrangements for the cut- ting up of cabins there 1s really no material differ- ence in the distribution of the oped the centre- board yacht affor equal facilities to the keel, Now, last season the keel boats had a pretty rough time, as, if! am not mistaken, the Sappho took her keel off twice, the Dauntless struck hers twice and the Enchantress once, while with centreboard Pg Saou sue edt oar yo mn in to speed, the phe Thee yacht ia always the fastest In our waters. They are decided! rior fone! short tacks, as any one will notice that a properly constructed centreboard yacht will wear ship in less than half the time that a keelboat will take over the same manceuvre. In, the centre- board boat keeps her way as she goes round, while the Keelboat has to start afresh on the new tack, gid in many instances, when they have been obliged to put the jib to windward to make her pay off, she will have stern way. In outside races, making long stretches, there would not be so much difference. ‘The HERALD representative, after thanking Mr. Van Deusen, sallied forth in search of CAPTAIN FISH, who was discovered in his atelier at the top of the building on the corner of Roosevelt and South streets, surrounded by the models of the different yachts sent afloat under his supervision, After the usual fompimentary salutations business com- menced with Q. Captaiu Fish, I have come to ask you what you | know about centreboard yachts? A. Well, sir, I shall be very happy to give you any information I can on the sabject. Q, When was @ centreboard firat applied to a yacht? A. That I can hardly tell you, but I re- member my father had a centreboard boat, eigh- teen feet long, called the Ohio, and I used to sail in her tn 1826. Mr. Stevens had a centreboard yacht named the Tronbler, of about forty feet water line, in 1832, that was built witha centreboard; but then | he had experimented with centreboards in @ skifl or bateau for years before that. Q. Can you explain why centreboard yachts have not been adopted more generally? A. I believe that for many years people have been under the im- pression that all centreboard boats must be flat and full ke a scow, and when they went to build a centreboard boat they did not pay attention to | the model, but built a flat, fall boat, only fit for SMOOTH WATER, and then, when not handy in a sea way, would lay the blame to the centreboard instead of the model. Now, Rp can take any of our pilot boats, cut off the keel and putin @ centreboard, and she will sail a great deal faster to windward, ae stays quicker, faster before the wind with board up, and prové a better sea boat. Q, How do you account for her being a better sea boat? A. When you lay them to ina heavy gale of wind with a keel they will lay up close and go to windward. They will make very little leeway, and consequently the sea is apt to board them to WINDWARD, whereas if they could haul up their centreboard they would make leeway and make smooth water to windward, becanse the sea will not break over them as they drift away. Again, should they be on a lee shore the board will be equally handy in beat- ing of and laying ciose to the wind. Q. How can you avoid the weakness occasioned by the centreboard case cutting the floor timbers for some length at midships? A. They can be strengthened by extra heavy side kelsons and heavy timber on sides of trunk; but that would take up a great deal of room, and it would’ not strengthen the long centreboard. But supposing a centreboard yacht has a trunk thirty-one feet long, put a head piece up in the centre of the trunk, and a frame right across the vessel in the same place, with a heavy floor timber. Then put TWO BOARDS, each fifteen feet long, and have the centre headmece twelve inches wide. The two boards should each be of the same thickness as the original one, and being of half the length they would there- fore be donbly strong. It would then only take half the number of men to raise each of these boards that were required for the origiual one. They ean also be used advantageously by hauling up and letting down 80 as to regulate the steering | of the vessel. If, for instance, a vessel was not | quick in stays, haul up the after board and keep the fore one down, anu she would spii round like a m you take the centre- top. cs Has this idea been practically tried? A. Yes, | Lexperimented upon it for Mr. Stevens years ago, Each of the two boards has double the strength of the one jarge board, and it streugthens the vessel, having a FLOOR TIMBER right across her centre, otherwise the weakest spot. The boat will also gail faster to windward with the two boards than with one, for the reason that the pressure of water on two-thirds of the for- ward part of the board is much greater than what is on the remaining third, for the reason that the end bends to windward, and the water that the forward part of the board shoves away does not set in on the after part, when ifthe board {g cut in two when the water half way it leaves and shuts in on the board, and that takes @ fresh hold of the a water. Q. Which do you think the most nseful, a keel or centreboard yacht’ A. I should build @ centre- board vessel, but 80 constructed that I could use her with or without board as, I deemed fit; I mean to have a boat that would work and go In stays without the board when in heavy roger. mowed shou! 9. How would you build her? A. Well, buila her like the Wanderer, which I think is a very nearly acres model for @ centreboard sea-going ieee he has been built so that, if desirable, her rd can be taken out and a keel put on without altering her lines, Captain Fish then pointed to ® model of the Wan- derer which was hauging on the wall, and showed a sharp vesrel of fine lines, drawing it eight feet oftne above opinions appear to Rave a very fe ¢ above opintons apper Vora view of the cemtreboard boats, NEW YORK HERALD,-SUNDAY, JUDGE BARNARD'S TRIAL. How the Senate and the Court of Appeals Agree Together. The Political Pullings of the One and the Judicial Dignity of the Other. The Line of the Defence and What People Say Abont the Case. 6° get aw YESTERDAY’S PROCEEDINGS. BaRaroaa, July 20, 1872. ‘The trial of Judge Barnard has at last come down to earnest business, With the exception of two or three country donkeys, who are always wanting to “elear the chamber for private consultation,” and one or two weak wits, who cry, nothing of merri- ment or moment, in affected sotto voce, the Court of Impeachment appears to enter upon ita work with dignity and diligence. The presence of the FINE BODY OF JUDGES of Appeals has a good influence upon the politicians of the Senate, who began their duties by highly anj- Mated requests of tne Clerk to give them the most cheering form of information about the way to draw their extra pay. THE MOST MARKED PEOPLE in the assemblage are Judge Church and the grim Judge Grover, who mean business, economy and discipline. The managers, after their grand squabble to be put on the places they occupy, have subsided to their primitive schist, and, excepting Alvord, one of little moment to the fortunes of this cause. It is a battle between counsel, with public opinion for the court, almost every member of the body being Tepresentative of his particular amount of sus- ceptibility or perception of the sense of the con- stituency behind him; and this is, perhaps, the nearest we wiilever come to justice in causes of this exceptional nature and magnitude, ‘The account written by Mr. Macaulay of the TRIAL OF WARREN HASTINGS has hada pernicious effect upon the trial of all modern impeachments, It covered up with the gewgaws of personal biography the real body and spirit of that long trial, and converted into a dra- matic procession a serious and important prece- dent in courts of grave and occasional authority. Hence, whenever a Judge misbehaves, or a Presi- dent steps over the line, there is profound agitation among all the shallow pates in the impeaching body, who suppose that they are to go stralghtway to im- mortal fame on the canvas of some West or in the pages of some Hildreth. History will never revive without ridicule the prompt ostentation with which the managers of the impeachment of Andrew John- son went to get their photographs taken in group, to give all the due facilities to the said history, nor the laborious efforts of one manager without imagi- nation to turn that extraordinary figure of speech of the “hole in the sky.’ It is a subject of con- gratulation for their heirs and assigns that these managers of Judge Barnard’s trial concluded, after agonizing debate, to tie their ears over the tops of their heads and bray only in whispers or private sessions, THE SENATE. They have a shrewd, unflinching, ready foreman in Mr. Alvord, and their attorneys approach the question with that slow, deliberate, besieging cau- tion which intimates very thorough and unsparing work, The presiding officer, Lieutenant Governor Beach, as I have before remarked, looks the can- dor and power of authority from his fine open face, and he has, besides, a splendid presence, nothing un- necessary to say, and would rather be efficient than brilliant. Among the Senators there are half a dozen cunning, unreliable faces, and three or four filppant and light-weight characters. Some of these Senators were constructed for looser terms of legis- lative life, ami the reform period has overtaken them and foundered all their hopes. In the main, however, the Senate is superior to previous bodies at Albany, and not inferior to the superior legtsla- tive body of other States. It contains some men of wealth, others of record, and several of that calm, self-constrained walk which is the surest, if a slow pace, toward permanent distinction. THE RESPONDENT'S COUNSEL are not selected with a view to their mutual re- Mr. Bartlett has taken a back seat r, in the felicitous langui former effort, exclaims that his client “bares his bosom to the shafts that come trom every quarter,’ or descanta impressively upon the painful nature of the respondent’s hereditary gout. Mr. Andrews seems to be the out-of-door man, and he is awake at ail hours of the day, knows everybody, and seems to be a friend of Judge Barnard more than an advo- cate. Mr. Townsend has explored English law to study the precedents in impeachment. The bulk of the defence will fall upon Messrs. Beach and Rey- nolds. Judge Barnard is not here, although for some time suspected to be rusticating in a cottage at the Grand Union. THR PRESENT IMPEACHMENT AND ITS PREDECESSORS. The trial of Judge Barnard being an impeachment in form, with anterior and surrounding circ’ stances of wide notoriety, and himself holding, per- haps, the most important position of any State Judge in America—on the Supreme Bench of the most populous State and in the metropolis of the Union—compares im importance with the trial of Judge Chase, which happened in Washington city in the first term of Jefferson's administration, Aaron Burr presiding. ‘The offences charged against Judge Chase were almost purely political, or were offences against equity and judicial moderation, arising out of the extraordinary acerbity of the federal party toward risen and victorious Jeffersonianism, The semi- monarchical pretensions of John Adams, and the repressive legislation adopted by his party, found a sympathetic administrator in Judge Chase, and the new party brought him to the bar of the Senate while the republic was scarcely yet established. The purity of his life and his decision and fortitude in the Revolutionary war gave him the moral sup- port of nearly the whole of his party, aud he was ot } Rot punished. There is no parallel whatever between the causes of indictment of JUDGE BARNARD AND SAMUEL CHASE. No political passion enters into this issue, and the charges are wholly of personal misconduct, par- tiality and judicial corruption extending over sev- eral years, and nearly brought to trial five years ago. The powers and influences which stood at Judge Barnard’s back at that time are now broken and dispersed; the political Party, with which he acted has entered into new alliances; its old debauched ring-masters are impotent to protect even themselves from processes at law; the spirit of reform has entered Into the democratic arty, and within as well as independent of the Bar Association, democrats, liberals and regu- lar republicans are among the prosecutors of Barnard. Two judges, associated with him in public notortety, have retired from the Bench— one by voluntary resignation, the other by re- moval—and it is current talk here that one other Judge would have been presented for impeachment but for the near approach of the end of his oMctal term and some other reasons notnecessary to men- tion, There are THIRTY-BIGHT ARTIOLES OF IMPRACHMENT in Judge Barnard’s case, separate and cumulative, each cuargite i ghcioren, “Injury” and matter of “scandal and reproach.” nere are fifteen specifications of “language coarse, obscene and indecent,’ among which ure jeers and flings at the Court of his pending trial. In another letter L will take ap these articles and rap them through. They are supported by a huge pamphiet containing nearly a8 much matter as the Old Testament, and probably the whole of this testimony will be again taken in the course of the trial. The Court is a law unto itself; there i¢ no appeal from its de- | cision, ana it can limit the period of the trial if it wishes, THE MEMBERS OF THE COURT have been reading and commenting upon the articles of impeachment during the past two days upon the piazzas of the hoteis, and unless unforeseen episodes: occur, such as the diversion of the public mind from the question in hand by larger topics of politics or polity, or powerful influences be exerted upon individuals, or some of the grave and weighty Judges of the Court of Appeals see reason to ex- press themselves to the contrary, it seems nearly certain that Judge Barnard will be convicted upon & majority of the articles, and the Court will both ad e and disqualify him. I have not yet been to find a single individual who affirms belief to contrary. New dispositions of morality pre- il In legislative things; the late fusion over Greeley’s nomination, and the allegation generally made that, if a member of the Court, GREELEY WOULD VOTR BARNARD GUILTY if he lost the Presidency, have had their effect upon the political part of the Court, and the Judges of Appeals are indignant at this judietal scandal, which inctaentally overwhelms themselves. The line of defence lopted has not been to Jndge Barnard’s good fortune with punctilious members of the Court, who look at the pleas of abatement and of illegal forms of impeachment as fanfaro- and belittling the gravity of the respondent's fae ion. His own counsel lament that unreasona- le and insensible laxity of speech which is Tg ees sah center. itselt in new recklessness, and further ncing public opinion, Altogether, the trial of JULY 21, 1872.—TRIPLE Judge Barnard seems lacking in the elements of sound controversy, and to be a piece of light re- sistance anredeemed by any manly earnestness. PROCEEDINGS OF THE COURT. sn aa ye a Sanarooa, July 20, 1872, ‘The Court met at ten A. M., thirty-two members being present. The question on the plea by the defendant's counsel, that the Court has no jurisdic- tion of offences committed by the defendant while holding office at @ previous term, was pending. Mr. Beach read a portion of the argument in Con- gress by Mr. Groves in the case of Matteson, to the effect that @ member was purified of offence by & re-election, Mr. Van Cott cited a resolution in the case of Blount, to the effect that Blount was not a civil of- ficer in the federal government, and therefore was not impeachable. Mr. Beach having said that he understood some of the managers wished to be heard on this very important question, the President decided that, un- less the Court otherwise decided, only one of the counsel on each side could be heard, according to the rale of the Court, Mr, Bartlett said he hoped the rule would be ex- tended #o as to allow him at least ten minutes in a few remarks upon this question, which he thought Would prove conclusive, Mr. Beach made the same application. Senator Lewis moved that one of the counsel, in paaiton tothe number allowed, be heard on each 8. Chief Judge Charch said he ho) the decision of the Chair wonld be sustained. If this was a mere pane ef courtesy no one would be more ready ‘tt it than he; but if we open the door to this indiscriminate discussion we may as well settle down here forall time. He thought enough had sirens ana said for the Court to decide the ques- tion; besides, it seemed to him that the rule should be adhered to, as it was @ very proper one to fol- w. Manager Niles said he had no desire to continue the discussion of this question; but as other argu- ments similar might arise he thought it would save time now to nave it fully argued, Ly xe Alvord satd a majority of the managers agreed to the ruling of the Chair, and would be gat- bape with @ hearing of one of the counsel on each ie. The President put the question, and it was decided in the negative. Judge ckham, and Senators Benedict, Har- rower, Lewis, Lord, Murphy, Tieman, D. P. Wood and Woodin voting in the affirmative. The vote stood yeas 9, nays 23, Mr. h then proceeded to addresa the Court in advocacy of his plea. He said he had listened very attentively to the argument of counsel op the other side, but had failed to hear anything which sustained the negative of this question. He had undertaken to explain the cases cited here; but still, there stood the decisions. ‘the counsel then prapened to argue the point, maintaining that ail the precedents worthy of fol- lowing were to the effect that an oMicial could not be impeached for offences committed while holding ofMice under a previous term, He denounced the precedents cited from the English Parlia- ment, established in the barbarous ages of that country, and claimed that they shoula not be followed in this civilized age, nor should the action of one House of Assembly—an Assembly born in the spirit of reform, and which turned out to be an abortion at the start—be fol- lowed here. Should this Assembly, he asked, be allowed to dictate to this High Court its action, and that, too, against all recent precedents estab- lished by authority of the highest intelligence? Counsel cited a number of authorities in relation to holding a civil officer responsible for his official action, and maintained that he could not be sub- Ject to the action of the criminal law. It would prove especialiy injurious to the principles of gov- ernment to thus hold such officers responsible. He insisted that if this Court decides that this defend- ant can be called to account for offences committed prior to the tine he was re-elected and his action endorse! by the people, then it would assail the chief point in the structure of our government. The peeple had passed upon the action of Judge Barnard and endorsed it, and ifyou, he said, review that action and reverse it, then you attack and overtirow the cardinal priuciple of our goyern- ment. The counsel spoke at length on this point. The PRESIDENT put the question whether the plea. should be sustained, and it was decided in the negative, as follows:— Yuas—Chief Judge Church, Judges Folger lo, and Senators Foster, Harrower, Lewis Tonk ene p—9. Nays--President Beach, Judges Allen, Grover, Pee! ham, Andrews, and Senators Adams, Allen, Baker, Ben dict, Bowen, Chatteld, Cock, Lowery, McGowon, M den, Palmer, Perry, Robertson, Tiemann, Weiswan, Winslow, D. P. Wool and Woodin—23. Mr, Beach then moved to strike out of Article 9 the words “averring that action was brought by plaintiff with wrongful intent.” He said he could not see why these articles should charge a litigant with wrongful intent, without implicating Judge Barnard in the intent. Judge Church was of opinion that the words ould not be in the article, but he thought the | Sour! could not make the change. Mr. Beach, under thia explanation, withdrew his motion, and moved to strike out the whole of Ar- ticle 19, which charges Barnard with conspirin, with Fisk and others to deprive the di- rectors of the possession of the Albany and Susquehanna Raroad, He moved against the article, pecause it did not charge the defendant with any unlawm! action. The counsel said that there had been no unlawful action taken in this matter, and cited several authorities as to what constitutes an unlawfal conspiracy, Mr. Van Cott save this article charges a conspiracy to do an act which was not unlawful, but the attainment of the purpose was accomplished by a conspiracy. He said the charges in this article were connected with others, to make one unbroken line of charges, an@® to strike out one would affect the | others. He then explained that the charges were made up into articles for convenience, and then detailed the acts embodied th this charge, and the mode and manner in which they were done, to show that there was a conspiracy. The President el, the question to the Court and the motion was denied, Mr. Beach then moved to strike out which charges that Judge Barnard rec! res- ents of $1,500 and upwards from Fisk and Gould, while actions in which taey were interested were pending before him. Counsel} maintained th: ticle did not spe- cifically charge that B: led in favor of Fisk because of the presents received. Mr. Van Cott, in reply, cited the case of the charges against Lord Bacon, in which it was not shown that he received bribes for decisions. Coun- fel said the charge avers that Barnard received presents, one of which was in naming nis child, and the other was of sumptuous furniture, and this in face of the fact that there were actions pending before him. This was the case:—Suits were pend- | ings en were made, and corrupt orders were jssued. Mr. Beacn repiied, insisting upon the points raised by him. The President put the question on sustaining the M4 po to the twentieth article, and it was over- ruled, Mr. Beach then moved to strike our articles 37 and 88, which charge the defendant with repeat- edly deporting himself in @ manner unseemly and | indecorous and using language coarse, obscene and | indecent, and also conducting himself so as to in- spire the belief that causes were decided corruptly and partially in his court. Mr. Beach said that he not only asked for the | striking out of the articles, but his motion was also directed against each and every specification con- tained in them. He said it would be perceived that e no unlawful act or illegal decision. lirected against his conduct and manner | ch, and these articles present to the | Court the simple question whether vulgarity of manner or familiart: of themselves impeacha- | ble offences. He thought this was rather a matter of haste, and it was, in his judgment, incapable of argument. He thought that crrimes, and real crimes only, were impeachable offences, and cited | authority on the point. Mr. Van Cott, in replying, said that these charges involved the case of the Union Pacific Railroad Company, which resulted through the action of this Judge is being driven from this to an adjoining State. This Judge had declared that he had driven one set of scoundrels from the State and intended to drive another, and he made good his declaration. As to the demeanor ofa Judge, the tenure of his office was good behavior, and the question here was whether aJudge on the Bench can use such lan- Ss guage a8 cannot be used in a promiscuous | assemblage of ladies and gentlemen. That ; Was the question here, whether a Judge can use such language withont subjecting him to cen- sure; but the charges contained in this articic are connected with other charges In other articles, Counsel said he did not ask the removal of this Judge on this charge alone, but the Court can bet- | ter understand what sort of a Judge this is with this charge substantiated before it, Counsel then proceeded to state what was pt Ml to be proven. nnder this charge, and which Sustain all the specifications, and asked, If these are proven is it | true that this Court of Impeachment cannot act upon the conduct of such a Judge? Chiet Judge Church suggested that this was not the proper time to make this motion to strike ont. He thought it would be more appropriate to make the motion when the proof was in. Mr. Beach said he would accept the suggestion, and then proceeded to reply to Mr. Van Cott's statement that the language used by the Judge could not be used in the presence of ladies, then withdrew his motion. Mr. Beach then said he underatood that Mr. Van Cott, o1 counsel for the managers, was sulfering from illness and unable to commence the opening with convenience, He would, therefore, ask for an adjournment until Monday meena. ia would ne state that his client was still suffering from his ness, tion of the case was postponed until Monday morn- ing. at ten o'clock. ‘he Court then adjourner Comptroller Green paid yesterday the Police Department for salaries of officers, pay of the force and general expenses of that department for the month of July, $276,000, and on account of ay Briation for ‘erection’ of police station houses, On motion of Mr. Benedict the further considera- | SHEr, RAPID TRANSIT, The Vanderbilt Underground Rail- road and What It Will Be. tb Se RE THE PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS. ete The Down Grades, the Up Grades and the Level Way Up and Down Town. The Rocks and the Sand Beds, the La- borers’ Work and the Road Bed. ° Hew the Great Sewers Are Avoided. The Commodore in Earnest and the Work To Be Prose- cuted at Once. So much hag been said and written during past years about “rapid transit” and how this, that and the other set of capitalists, who may have obtained underground privileges from the Legislature, were ready to begin work, and, in fact, would begin if this or that unforeseen difficulty had not all of a sudden sprung up, that it is quite possible that even now that Commodore Vanderbilt possesses the right of way to burrow from one end of the town to the other, people will be slow to believe that even he really “means business.’ Still, the agreeable fact of the matter is that the Commodore, instead of following in the footsteps of those who have been privileged before him and who never did any harder underground railroad work than printing exhibit circulars on a hand press, has actually set THE RAPID TRANSIT WHEELS in motion, In other words he has, or rather the men engaged by him have, already completed all the surveys of the route, ana the plans and speciti- cations for the work to be done have been made out. A HERALD reporter called at the Forty-second street depot yesterday with the view of learning all about the “preliminaries,” and the actual work as well. It should be borne in mind that the entire engineering, so to speak, of “the Fourth avenue improvement” and the underground road is under the direction and active supervision of Mr. Buck- hout, formerly superintendent of the Harlem Rail- road, A large room on the second floor of the Grand Depot has been for wecks past monopolized by the draughtsmen of the underground toad, and when the reporter, accompanied by Mr. Buckhout, entered the apartment he found himself amidst a scene of map and pencil confusion posi- tively bewildering. Long tables reaching across the room, at distances of three or four feet one from the other, were covered with maps, drawings, sketches and working draughts of the various sections, depots, stoppages and connections of the underground road. ‘The draughtsmen were all busily engaged in giving the finishing touches to their “tasks,” and the piles of pasteboard, cris- crossed and bespangled with LINES WITHIN LINES and outlines inexplicable, that met the gaze at every turn In the room reminded one of a printing office where a job had been taken to reprint all the daily newspapers published during the last century. To be candid, there was an evidence of downright labor on all sides that was unmistakable, and Mr. Buckout, as he moved about from table to table and picked out plan after plan of the various sections of the road, showed quite plainly that the work was a thorough and systematic one, which he had at his finger ends, and not by any means a show affair, to blind people's eyes to the real objects of the privi- leged few of the Commodore's party. “When will the underground road be com- pleted?’ inquired the reporter, as he and the en- gineer passed to the table where a combination of the plans, or rather a culmination of the engineer's best efforts, were being put in colors on the paste- board. “In two years,’ was nis reply. “Do you mean to say that two years from now the rapid transit underground system will be in full force?” “I do; you know there are many things which may interfere with the progress of the wor! it all things being equal, or rather, to put it i practically, no extraordinary obstructions to t work not now foreseen being met with, we will have THE ROAD IN GOOD RU two years from the present time. “That is promising a great deal.” “{ know it is; but you see promises have been the great currency for years past with the YING ORDER 7 who pretended to have at feart the interests of the rapid transit idea in the metropolis, and it is our determination not to follow in their wake. Now, all you have to do to find out how our plans are and how we are endeavoring to per everything connected with the building of # ad, Is Simply to make a tour of this room and examine for your- self the work done in a preliminary way.” Mr. Buckhout’s suggestion was at once adopted, put the work on paper was’ so technical that it will not bear a detailed description, at least at present. It is suMcient to say that the plans and workings generally showed that when the actual work on the Toad would be begun the pathway of the sub-en- gineers would be a very easy one, in that they would only have to FOLLOW THE TRACK made by their chief, and come out all right in the long run, no matter what section they might be working at. “Do you intend,” asked the reporter, after his superficial examiation of the details of the dranghtsmen’s work, “do you intend to begin the actual working of the road-makers at any particu- lar point ?"" “That is all arranged already,” he replied. “We have come to the conclusion that the best way to rosecute the work is to divide it into details—that is, take hold of the road Fe divisions or sections. To Lede ted everything harmoniously the work will be split up into mile sections, each haif mile along the route to be examined and worked simultaneously. By this plan, you see, the wor along the entire route of the road will be going on about equally at the same time.” | “But it will not be possible to prosecute the work in every section with the same vigor 1’ “Oh, no; but you see all that can be satisfactorily arranged, Ot ocky portions of the route | will require more time and labor, but that fact will by no means make the work on the various 1ons | an unequal one. A large and efficient number of | ‘workmen on the rocky portion can get along quite as rapidly a8 can be desired, when a sinaller nw ber will be diligently engaged working thelr way through the sand portion.” “Where do you expect to find THE ROCKIEST PORTIONS *7 “Well, we do not expect anything, to speak can- liy, for the reason that we have had all the ground surveyed in the most thorough manner, and we | know to a dot just what kind of ground we have to | i) fr ne end of the route to the | | ot Fr h to Kighteenth street and | from Thirty-seventh street to Forty-fifth, we shail | have to battle with rocks, and at several other | points along the route; but, { assure you we have | nothing to lear, and we will cut our way through | all right.” } “Is it the intention of the ver they meet With rock “It is not, and I yoa why. You see the grade ot the road n ily has to vary consider- ably, and it will, there , be amuch easter task for us to make open ¢ get down to whatever | exact level we want, and after fixing the road-bed | in good order cover over the cut with substantial arches."” “But while cutting the ground in this way will he oi not suifer in the matter of transit across | blocks ?” “Not in the slightest. broken at any point TEMPORARY BRIDGES will be constructed, and no stoppage of the business trafilc of the city can take place owing to the work.’ “You say the grade varies on the road. To what extent”? “It starts from the City Hall at a down grade of thirty-seven feet to the mile. ‘The grade from Canal to Grand ts down coming up town, and an upward incline is made from Canai to Grand.” “How about the Canal street sewer about which there has been so mach talk:"’ “Why we avoid it altogether. It is weat of the being made out ngineers to tunnel After ground has been Rowery and 80 we do not come near it.” “and the sewer at Rearl street!’ “That we go under, and our plans are such as you can see by this map (inapexhibited) that the sewer is made all the more serviceable by our improve- ” Ow are you to get over Murray Hill?”’ yew digging down to make our road-bed r THE STEAM CARS. When this will have been accomplished we wif cover the road over, and the cars will run on the broth just the same as if nothing had hap- ed. “Is it true that you are to run a viaduct through the Five Points ?”” “No, we will not, The road through the Points wie a Cgeeny: one." “You wi won't ne ‘ave ditticulty getting property there, “Yes, a little; but the assessors will go to work and fix the rate of compensation under the general Railroad act, aud the por es hen everything will go along “When will the work Lid “In September.” Desint “And the cars run?’ nea age igs ped present time.” “By the way, how about accidents the stairways? Is there not great dauger cnet there will be many ‘run overs’ at the depots in the be mr 6 “None whatever, We have so arran; tters that a person going down town can po pees the down Masri and @ person going up town the upper track, THE GRAND CENTRAL DEPOT the tracks will run east of the depot, and will croas one another; but in order to peenees accidents by coll hat the trains must sto the platforms before reaching the crossings,” ‘Avi there not be great diMeulty in getting the Passengers Off the cars if you make the fast time required ?? “I do not think there will be any diMculty. The cars will be so constructed that the passengers will oy out on the sides right directly from their seats, in this way the whole train can be emptied ing minute.” Mr. Buckhout after this conversation exhibited the Plans of the road, and explained the manner in which 1t was intended to work the new Idea. It oon put down now that rapid transit is a fixed THE CENTRAL PARK. Peabo ein The Scene Yesterday—How Our “Bo: and Sinew” Enjoy Themselves—The Music, the Mall and the Lake—From Toil and Turmoil to Peace and Pleasure. The Central Park on Saturday is invartably the focus of enjoyment. People of all classes resort thereto for purposes of pleasure; the wealthy mingle with the poor and all assimilate. The Park Commiasioners have been gracious enough to grant & special license for all persons to wander over the velvety turf upon the last day of the week. Even this small privilege 1s welcomed heartily by those whose business allows of their obtaining one-half holiday in the week, but whose lean portmonnaies preclude even the idea of a trip “out of town.” Yesterday was cool, @ faint sephyr rustied the leaves of the virent trees and rippled the surface of the silvery lake. Gathered around the Mall were parvenus, aristocrats, nursery maids, e¢ omnis alt; the bright-faced children took delight in rolling on the mossy sward, while their be-paniered custodians flirted with any fancily-decked dty goods salesman who might chance to come within the rays that streamed from their amorous eyes. Of course the great centre of attraction was Dod- worth’s Band, which dispensed sweet music from the pagoda near the Mall, There were arias, fantasias, symphonies and dance tunes, all of which were admirably executed by the white-hatted members of the band. It is really a pity that upon Saturday, the holiday of the working people, ail the ‘statnes” that disgrace Broadway upon other week-days should assemble in the Mall and almost intimidate respectable girls by glaring upon theth in a manner most libidinous. ‘Yesterday the air was cool and refreshing, though it was by no means cloudy, for the sun darted his Trays through the foliage and his beams tinted with iris colors the spray that dropped from flashing oars upon the lake. The attire of the ladies was tout en semble; some dainty damsels were attired a la Doily Varden, others allowed their milliners to dress them en train, and a few used their own good judgment. Elderly men dressed themselves as they pleased, and were happy; fops did not, and were utterly miserable. Tho restaurant under the terrace, at the ena of the mall, did a heavy business. creams were screamed for, and cold soda was solicited in most piteous accents, “b-want to go in a boat,’ murmured a pretty ae whose tresses were of eight years’ rowth, \ “So you shall, pet.” replied good natured “gran’- pa,” and in a trice the pair, May and December, stepped aboard oa frail craft that ran up alongside the jetty. A huge Teuton with his “frau” followed suit, and the ponderous lady ‘Donner-vettered” to a fright {™l extent as she took her place in the arrow stern sheet. The writer was one of the party; he petted the small child; but that “groschen doitcher’—well, the less said the better. “Tt is the notion park in the world, sir,” said an enthusiastic and unprejudiced Britisher, who was feeding the stately-sailing swans with the rem- nants of Lis noonday lunch. “If them trees would only rT up, then it might be something like,’’ echoed his companion and compatriot, = * On the borders of the lakes mosquitoes are plen- tiful and tend to rumMe the placid tempers of the fair demoiselles by their rude onslaughts upon peach-tinted cheeks. It is absolutely frightful for a wicked little insect to perch upon the tip of a fair nose just as one is unburdening his heart to the idol of his affections, Poetry is no where then, and even Platonism sinks insignificant. When the muste grows dim in the distance, and the twiligut flickers and fades as the sun vanishes from view below the Western horizon, staia solemn persons leave the park; but those “sweet | demesnes” are not deserted, for loving couples linger jong after “nignt has hung her curtains uj and pinned them witn bright stars.’ In the ak very moonlight the Park is always lovely, the air is clear and pure, and these who suffer confinement during working days of the week know how to fully appreciate the benefits and happiness they derive from a few hours’ visit to the Central Park, THE MYSTERIOUS BOX. Death of a Southern Editor—His Ree mains Lie in a Beekman Street Store for a Night—Taken to the Receiving Vault at Greenwood—The Inevitable Fact, Without a Mystery. Inquiry has dashed to pieces a sensational story connected with @ corpse, a coffin and a Beekman street store. The groundwork for a tale of mys- terions occurrences, in which foul play, a woman and blood would, of course, appear conspicuously, ‘was shadowed in yesterday morning's papers; but | all that was vouchsafed in the way of plain talk was that A COFFIN was seen on the previous ing on the sidewalk in Beekman street, and that said suggestive piece of framework was taken into a store, whence, afterward, disagreeable smeila issued. This was true In every particular, but the sensation is spoiled when the facts of the case become known, for there is no tale of blood in the story, nor any- thing mysterious further than the death of a Southern editor. The circumstances explanatory of the appearance of the coffin are as follows:— Some few weeks since Mr. Ferdinand Flake, of Texas, editor of the Galveston Bulletin, came to this city, intending to sail from this port for Eu- rope for the benefit of his health, which, for some time, had been failing. While here, however, his health became worse, and by the advice of his physicians he postponed the visit to Europe and started on @ trip through some of the Bastern States. He continued FAILING FASTER AND FASTER, and on the 17th inst. died at New London, Conn, Information of his death was at once sent to his friends in this ¢ who set about arranging for the conveyance of the body to his late home in Galves- tou. The health authorities here were duly noti- fied of the arrival the body and the proper per mits secured, and passage agreed for with the Gal veston Steamboat Company. The boat for Gaiv ton did not, however, leave until yesterday morn ing, and, as the body arrived the day previous, it Was necessary to pla day ce tt somewhere during Fri- company having them from taking & prior to the day of friendship or business re- 1 between decei and Farmer, Little & (Co., type founders, occupyin second fluor, at 63 Beckman street, the friends o| deceased had arranged that the body should he at Farmer, Little & Co.'s store during Friday night but when it was taken to the building it was foun more convenient to leave it on the first floor, occu. pied by Brantigan & Watson. Thus the coftin was Tally exposed to the gaze of @ few imaginative per. sons, who conjured up A TALE OP MURDER OR OF SOME OTHER RUGB night, the steamboat tule preventing pse on beard sailing. As some lationship had exist CRIME, and accordingly notified the police. The occnpanta ‘of the building, however, had also informed the police of the state of ‘affairs, and, of course, no further startling disclosures were ex- pected. In _ the meantime communication was had with the relatives of deceased at Galveston, who telegraphed on here not to have the remains sent to Galveston by steamer, but to have them placed in the receiving vault at Greenwood until the cool weather set in, when they would be shipped to their final resting lace. The body was embalmed while at New Loi jon ana placed in a inetallic comin, which was en- closed in a wooden box. Between the wooden box and the coffin carbolic acid was filled In, and it was from this the smeli arose which led to the sus- picion that a dead body was somewhere bein “In this way. The tunnel is to be braced up, and ~e will temporarily run the horse cars over bu smuggled away. ‘esterday morning the remaii in @ hearse to Greenwood Cemetery, Iilowed by & few friends of the deceased, and foll a by @ placed in the receiving Vaults