The New York Herald Newspaper, March 27, 1872, Page 8

8 ~ FILTH OF THE STREETS. - f The Accumulations of Months Breeding Disease All Over the City. arene MOUNTAINS OF MUCK. Snail lonnnannnihes How They Grow and of What They Are Composed. THE DREADED FUTURE. Important Medical Testimony on the Universal Dirt, SMALLPOX AND SCARLET FEVER. In the bistory of uncleaniiness, if such @ thing exists, nothing lke the present condition of the streets Of New York has ever been reached. Miles ‘of the most prominent thoroughfares are covered ‘With mountains of filth, and this, instead of de- creasing or being removed by the proper authori+ ties, goes on augmenting until lis present proportions are creating an alarm in the minds of the people Buch as has neyer before existed, To the ordinary pedestrian who simply travels up and down Broad- ‘Way this statement may seem exaggerated, but, if The Broadway promenader will step aside for a moment from THE BEATEN TRACK of his choice and migrate among the streets on both sides of that thoroughfare, an entirely diferent State of things will be discovered. The great @anger to the public health from the existing condi- tion of affairs is not, perhaps, eatirely understood by that portion of the populailon most in peril, for the reasons that first of all, they, have become £0 accustomed to the presence of the dirt which has been allowed to ac- cumulate in the streets since the beginning of the winter that the dreadiul disasters that might arise from an early approach of warm weather mever seem to strike their minds; aud, secondly, because peopie never stop to think of the character of the fiith lying before their doors, In many of the streets in which the poorest inhabitants of this ety live the vast mounts of deatn in the thorough. fares are composed of the most destructive ele- ments of filth, In the early winter, when, perhaps, the first snow has fallen, some ashes are thrown dnto the gutter opposite a huge tenement barracks Dy one of the residents on the ground floor, OF course this is not taken away,-as ALL STREET CLEANING STOPS ‘qt the frat approach of inclement weather, and being allowed to remain, this spot at once becomes the Ailthy point of attraction for the population of the entire house. Right on top of the ashes another wo- anan flings some molst, o fensive garbage, that ab- solutely reexs with pestilence, then a little more ashes may come, or, perhaps, the dead body of a cat or dog 1s flung upon the pile; this may be again covered with ashes, or the district may be for the momeut purifleu by a fall of snow, which, covering up the sickening mass, the same process of heaping on the various Kinds of filth goe3 on just as belore until the mound obtatos @ size that is useful to the chidren of the neighborhood to romp upon, Here is one of the very frst dangers of TUESE PYRAMIDS OF DESTRUCTION, and thousands of deaths are the result of thelr pre- Bence every winter, Besides the ash, garbage, cats and dogs, rats and mice, fishes entrails, and household offal of the most disgusting Kinds are | Hung upon these heaps of dirt to putrefy and taint the alr, Many of the poorer ciasses, who live or lodge mm tenement houses, eke Out an-existence by Hanging around the large slaughter houses of the city, where they beg such portions of the animals as are considered wortniess. In this way they pick up entrails, hearts, hoofs, horps, tatls, blood and iat, the best portions of which are used and the refuse thrown into the streets. The blood and fat are generally got 10 buckets, held under the waste gutters that conduct ths fith of the slaughter Houses ont of the building, aud it can easily be Jmagined what the rejected parts of these materials are that are Jung into the streets. These odds and ends of apimais are boiled imto soups, With such bits of vegetables as can be picked up by the chii- dren in the ash and garbage boxes of the wealthy, Dut when the weather 18 severe, and SCRAPS AND VEGETABLES SCARC2, tue other ingredients are boiled down until a sort of gelaunous or gluey compound 8 obtalued, Into tnisthe family dip hunks of black prea, some- times given them by a charitable institution and not unirequentiy bought, and In tulsa way they live dur ing the entire season of winter. Its not a dificult matter to suppose What the household reluse of a Jamiy living in this way must be, or what Its effects upon the general health must be when the fiith is Hung into the guiter with tne offal of the adjoining houses, One of the worst features of these heaps of disease is that they rise up about every twenty-five or thirty icet aioug the length of the stroet, or In Iront of abuut every third or fourth house ina block, ‘The result of tis 18 that between each hill & mass ol tick stagnant quid collects, made up of the Girty soap waler and such over scourings of the neighborhood as are thrown upon the heaps. When @ gleain Of sunshine Comes upon Us festering mucK evaporation sets 1D and polsonous gases are driven uco (he homes of te people that RUSH THEM INCO THEIR GRAVES, In @ tenement house in the Fourteenth ward a Teporter Oi the HERALD found @ fauliy Of 51x per Cus huddied together in oue room, who haa lived ior five moyths on calves’ brains, obuuned at a slaughter house for nothing, aud scraps of pork got Jo vie same Way at a pork packing sCstablishment on the west siue 01 the Island. ‘The room ip which this famuy, one can searcely say lived, Was not a large one vy any iweans Laé Wails were oozing daup, tue Dour Was pare and Uuck WIth crusted ait, aud ue only pretence at bedding Was a quantity ol hu. mid straw in the corner lumediutely inside ime dvor, ‘the only furniture in the place wasa very Much worn stove, upon which stood abhage iron pot, and the body of # bottle (hat rested on the win- dow lid, mocking the dayight, or such shadows Oi the day's ligut as could struggle into tne den, With the “deauly poison of its hery contents. ‘The* representative heads of Us family were, like hun- dreds Of Weir neighbors, What is Knowao among this ciass of peopi “charity bums,” or “cieavers.”? ‘To be atalls ui in (ils protessiog a guod deal of skill 13 requir Cant, hypocrisy, impudence ano @ thorough kuowledge of te Clty are apso- Julelg necessary. dicu and women bot yo to make up THE SOCIETY OF “CHARITY BUMMERS,"? and very oiten husband aad wife “work tne same rouie.” A knowledge of the town 18 the first requi- erie, because It enavles the “Dim to discover eusily where charitable institutions beldsging to diflerent ersuasions are locaved, Almost all-these institu lus give outdoor relief to the poor a syed hours every day, and at any one of them aozens ey jam. ished-looking Wretehes might be seen waltlig the dvor to open. Lhere cen be no douvt thas among the crowd of anxious “waiters” there are yuany deserving poor, but there ts also a large iniu- Bion of ene ‘ourn,” and he is rally the hun griest and most abject-iooking Of Lhe crowd, He CKOUCHES, CHINGES, CRAWLS and snivels more than any of the rest; Js the dirtiest ‘atid ost ragged, aud whlle he prays the loudest, alter the munuer of the denomination ja which he finds himseil placed Jor the moment, he ts always loving for an opportunity to steal some of the re- past (or bis partuer, To find two houses belonging to different persuasions close together 18 always Wie fin of the “eharity bi Then he hasan oppor- tuntty of getting a feed at once that will fave lim Jurther trouble for the day, He will be sure to be the first on the ground of the oue he intends to visit frst, and the moment Lue door Is opened he rasves tu, dasues through the customary prayer with ail the fourish of & Uished practitioner, and then flinging the food into Dis capacious maw, le makes for the neighboring Justiiuulon, Where he flushes up the meal, winding ‘land contented, in taany of the institutions lids” are not allowed inside the wails of the ling, but the food is given to tiem outside, gen- Yin the area. It is @ positive piece of good « for the “pu”? vo strike a house of tuat de + yon, for ho is Hot troubled with any formals. , Jrayer aud such like practices of Christian ple ave a bore to lim, ‘The great object in hand gel a feed, and he aves Hot Waul Lo be Lrounied hy useless noosense. Time, too, is to be con- |. Here tt is economimed, and tilat ts the very to suit lim. Very 1 shuy an tastitution ‘ue area is used for tie outdoor relies the 8 room will be found im the Vicinity of ONE THAT ADMITS THE WANDERERS, ee ee Seen NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 27, 1872.—rRIPLE SHEET, he oan at that place Of he rushes to the neighbor. ing establishment to take advantage of its later hospitality, Somevimes a man and wile divide, each one going to a different place and endeavor- ing to abstract what they can for the children in the garret at home, ‘oO insiltutions that are par- ticularly happy in their location for the ‘charity bum’ are the St. Barnabas, ia Mulberry street, and \be Convent, in Housion street. Of these two the Jormer is the earlier, and it 1s curious to observe the numbers of “bummers” that wait at the door unl the meal is announced, and after swallowing all they cam possibly get hoid of there, make for the Convent, and arrive just in time for tne first table, ‘The “bums” are generally friends, and if one of the party happens to have a coat that 13 more ragged or dirty than te others the garment is sent around unul the entire gang has made tt do service. HATS AND SHOES ARE OFTEN USED in the sane way, and one might sometimes see a very torn red pocket handkerchief passed trom oue to the other of the crowd, . A Well worn handkerchiet is an artistic weapon in the hands of an old “bum,” and he can produce au lmmMense amount Of sympathy with it, Many of thei have reduced the handkerchief business to a science, and, altnough they may not yet have at tamed the perfection of Delsarte, they certainly have arrived at an excellence in the art that pro- duces most satistactory results. An old clay pipe is also an instrument familiar to the *bum,” and aimost every gang possesses one. Alter feasting upon the charity of Christan ladies the “bums” retire to aconvenient corner and the clay pipe circulates compatinly. Some of these people sieep in the ‘sodgers? *? rooms in the station houses, and others nave rooms they pay rent for, but those who are fortunate enough to have such homes are not gene- rally considered @ boon to the neighbornood. ‘1hey promote more filth in the streets they inhabit than any other class of the poor, principally be- cause tley are MORE FILTHY AND LAZY in their habits, A good many of these people live in the Fourteenth ward, and the slush and dirt of this locality are not surpassed by any other aistrict in the city. Khzabeth, Mott, Mulberry and Crosby Streets teem with oozing, evaporating filth that has lain tor months upon the ground, The Fourth, Sixth, Second and First wards, and in faet ail the lower poruon of the town, are in the same state, On the west side, from Forty-seventh street down to the Baitery, there is a positive food of muck; and, with perhaps the bare exceptioa of Broaaway and two or three of the Aree avenues, the entire re- maining surface of the city 18 in the same cundition, On the upper end on both sides of the island great’ mountains of dung are piled up, and the moment any of this stuff is toucned such vapors are emitted as are extremely dangerous to the public health, Dr. Stephen Smith recently gave expression in THE BOARD OF HEALTH to the opinion that if something were not speedily done to prepare New York tor the coming summer it would be impossible to calculate the amount of danger that may come upon the people. An attaché of this paper called upon Dr. Smita yesterday to obtain his views upon this important subject, and the following 1s the result of the interview:— “Doctor, I have called for the HERALD to find out from you something about the present condition of the streets?!” “Well, sir, I consider that well payed, ary and clean streets are essential to the public health of Jarge cities. ‘The filth of the streets is of two kinds, First, there 1s the ordinary ittter of norses, carts, &c, “This 18 composed of sixty per cent of manure and the remainder consists of various kinds of ant- mal and vegetable refuse. This material is ground into an impalpable powder by carriages and vehi- cles, and rises with every wind, pervading te at- mosphere and penetrating to the innermost recesses ol dweliings.’” “But this could only be the case in dry weather, Doctor}? “OL course; but whenever the street is wet in summer tnis Kind of street filth is vaporized, and fills the air until its odor 1s very perceptivie,”? “You consider that dapgerous to health ?? “IU 18 an active poison, and produces in suscepti- ble persons—more especially children—iow forms of disease. Diphtheria is thought by many physicians to ve caused by 1s action on the alr passages, 1t 19 impossinie to estimate the amount ana varlety of disease produced by this subtle potson,.’? “What do you call the other kind oi street filth?"? “House refuse allowed to accumulate in the streets, especially in the tenement house districts, ‘Ents material consists Ol animal and vegetable mat- ters intermixed, especiaily were there ts sickness, with the discharge from the bowels and kidneys. In seasofs like the present, when au epidemic is prevalent, tmmense quantities Of such Mth are cast in the streets.” “Well, but couldn’t that be stopped ?’” sibly it might; but you see it 18 a common occurrence among. the poor to throw into the come mon yatbage heap in the gutters the crust and retuse which accumulate in the beds of those sick of smallpox, scariet fever, measies and other diseases. ‘Tuis Kind of street refuse 13 more immediately dan- gerous to the public health than the former.” what way ?”” “A warm rain followed by @ hot sun converts the gorbage heap into @ seething mass of putridity, irom which are given off the most virulent gases, These not only saturate the surrounding dwellings but are spread widely over the city, ‘There can be no doubt that such contagious diseases as smail- pox, scarlet fever, &c,, which cause the separation of crust, scarskin and other products of the fever are largely propagated by the careless habit of throwing all the house refuse into the street. The poison of these diseases thus exposed to the air pervades the entire district Qnd spreads rapidly over the city.” “The history of street cleaning tn this city must be an imteresting suvject, Doctor??? “JU is very much so.) Some years ago the street refuse was used by tho farmers Oa the vacant lots on the island and was eagerly sought after. bears from the eariy records that the city realized yearly upwards of $13,000, As te city began to grow the Jarmers system died out and the people were obliged to do the work themseives, Finally, however, the city assumed contro! of the scaveng- ing, and ever since that tlme 1t has been more or less lunperfectiy doue.’? “Whatdo you think ‘of the contract for stredy cleaning at present in existence’? “The instrument itseli 18 well enough, but it is violated with the utmost impunity. There has not been a street wel), faithfully or thoroughly cleaned under 1t for the last four years, nor has there been a day 1u the same tme tuat the garbage nas been re- moved, And fora loug Ume the street filth and garbage have not been removed from the city at ail, but has been used to fill sunken lots and grounds, ‘The area from ‘Thirty-fourth to Thirty-sevento street, on the North River, 18 @ mass of putrescent garbage four or five feet deep, which is unsafe for human beings to live upon or be near inthe summer season. On twese grounds the new market is being erected. Animal and vegetable Tood exposed to the putrid gases emanating from this decomposing mass will undergo rapid putre faction. One Hundred and Fourth street has just been raised from tour to six feet in height from the East River to Fifth avenue with garbage and street sweeplings, and no less than thirty-five loads of this disease-breeding slush and filth have been deposited in uals street within the past year, ‘There can be no doubt about the danger of that sort of thing!” “Jt 1g Impossible to devise a More effectual method of rendering the uptown districts unhabitaple, Wherever these deposits are made jevers of & most malignant kind will eventualiy prevail among the people residing upon or near these made grounds,” “But ig no action taken to stop this??? “The Board of Health weekly sends in evidence of it and protests to the Street Cleaning Commission aguinsi it, but without effect. Not only are no steps taken to annul the contract, but the contractor Tegulariy receives his pay as if be had fulfilled his obligations.” ae how the work of street clean- “Have you an is performed “Pne whole machinery ig of the most imperfect and worifless Kind. Old men, rickety carts, sick id Jaime horses are hired by the day and set to ‘ork without order or system. No one street.or any part ot a street is once thoroughly cleaned. Tne ptreet Cleaning Commission not only do not super- intend the work, but all the proois furnished them by the Board of Healtn that the work is neglected are leit unnoticed.” “Do you tiink the epidemics now raging in the city are affectea by the dirt in the streets 7’? “There can be uo doubt that the smallpox ana scariet fever now 10 the city are much aggravatea by the Olrh im the streets, Cholera still lingers tn Europe and Western Asia, and can scarcely tail to put in an early appearance, and the necessiy of thorough scavenging was never greater than tu-day." “To Wuom do you Wink tne Work of ¢leaning the streets should be confided 1? ‘To the constituted heaith authorities, most as- surediy. Ail forms of scavenging, cleaning of streets, markets, removal of dead animals, manare, night soll, &c., should be assigned to them. It Js not oniy their proper duty as an important sanitary measure, but in general THEY DO THIS WoRK more effectually than any other body. In Liverpool such sanitary work has lacteriy been entirely com- mitted to the Health Board, and their last aonual report exnibited a most perfect organization. The work Is thoroughly aud economically performed. In 1uis city the laws carefuNy exclude the Board of Health from ali power over the work of street and Warket cleaning, aithough the community very nat- UPly regards that Bourd as responsinle for the neg- ject soygW were apparent.” Doctés, tere seems fo be a good Aeal of excite ment at bre sat ou tue subject of the water used in Te eet od ae cleaning in the city.” obtaimng water sroid marron forks puree extinguishing fires, aud 3 saving de croton, Whatever merits there are e various methods before tue pudlic are due to ihe Board of Healtn, During the summer of 18091 Made wis quesidon a aiudy, with a view to aecure amore ett ent method of fusing the streets with water in und PrOCesS Of cleauing. For several weeks of that sUiiner (ne Crovon Was so low that THE DEFARTMEN? FORBID ITS USE for such purposes, A report was submitted at the time that fully establishod tne fact Wat it was not only possible tu devise an tnexhaustible supply of water from the rivers for sanitary uses, but that the necessary works would not “ve expensive In comparison with other pubdiic works. The amount of water that wonld be available for street cleaning would be such that the entire surface of ali paved streets Would be daily Washed ax with & flood of rain. It was also shown that as a means of extinguishing fires 1¢ had Incaiculabie advantagee, ag it would entirely supersede all forms of engines. Ail the firemen had to do in case of fire was to atiach @ hose to the nearest hydrant, and the volume of water would equal that thrown by seve ral engines and to a height twice as great, Wiia such a Water power street cleaning could ve per formed to a@ large extent by firemen, and ail the paraphernalia of the Fire Department could be dis- penged with. Pubile baths could be supplied nm any part of the city with but little expense, aud the Sud Wheu (hav ia tne case the “oum”? a ’ 0 ” vin his eles nt lig patronizes Ue @stablisiiment first that Anera exile ‘ah DG Ad ROVE AS De mote all | generat results to the people Would proye Ingateu- lavie.!? TEE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE. The Charges Against Judge Barnard 6till Under Tnvestigation—Examination of Witnesses for the Defence—More Improper Language from the Bench, ‘The investigation of the charges against Judge Barnard still occupies the attention of the Judiciary Committee, and they do not expect to finish his case before to-morrow night, The committee met at the usual hour yesterday and proceeded to bear the testimony of several witnesses tor the delence. Clarke Bell, counsetlor-at-law, appeared for the defence, He stated that he had been employed as attorney and one of the counsel for the.Union Pacific Railroad Company at the time Judge Barnard granted the injunction and appointed a receiver for the road. The first step he took in this case was shortly after the orders had been granted, when he discovered they were so broad in scope and character that they virtually ted up the operations of the road, He then drew up such modifications of the injunction and power of receiver as were recommended by the ofi- cers of the company, and, in company with Mr, 8. Le M. Barlow, went to Judge Barnard’s house and laid the case before him. Judge Barnard examined tie papers, and, stating that the modifications appeared necessary, he granted them as requested. Mr. Bell was then questioned in reference to the testimony of previous witnesses, as vo whether the granting of the injunctions and appointment of a receiver by Judge Barnard had caused the remova! of the com- Pany’s oilice to Boston, The witness stated that there had been a conflict lasting six months be- tween the Eastern directors and others as to the remo val of office, books, papers, &c., and that re- Moval was contemplated before Judge Barnard ever granted the orders, This evidence of Mr. Bell Was In direct contradiction of that already given by Mr. H. Tracy and Mr. Horace F. Clark, Witness also stated that he had been twenty years practis- ing at the bar and tried a iumber of cases before Juage Barnard, He never had any reason to sup- pose nor did he believe that Judge Barnard ever made any decision from any corrupt or snproper motive, and that he was influenced solely by what he considered his duty, Mr. M. L, Townsend testified that he was @ mem- ber of tne firm of Townsend, Levinger & Waid- hetmer. Mr, Levinger, of that firm, was examined before tne committee, a few days since, in re- Jation to the case of Steinhardt vs, Duff, and stated that his frm made application to Judge Barnard for an injunction to restrain the foreclosure of @ chattel mortgage, and were denied, and that Steinhardt then took the papers to District Attorney Fellows, who obtained the injunction that was re- fused to them, Steinhardt, in lus examiation, stated that he had taken the papers owing to the legal incompetency of Mr. Levinger, and also that he Was near enough to hear what Mr, Levinger stated to Judge Barnard or to know that it was Levinger who maqe the application, Mr. Townsend testified That the application was made to Judge Barnara by huuself, and not by Levinger. Mr, Denis McMahon, @ member of the bar, testl- fled in contradiction of the evidence given by Mr. Miles, the stenographer, who had been employed by the Bar Association to take down auy peculiar remarks made by Judge arnard in Chambers, Witness stuted that in the case of Waday vs. Gen- eral Egan that he had heard Judge Barnard make use of the expression, ‘lt 1s useless to Keep this man In jail; nothing from nothing leaves nothing, and if he 1s out he may earn something.” The other Statements made by Mr. Miles are without tho slightest toundation and false, r. Arthur Johues stated that he was a reporter for a news association, and had been employed by Mr. Stickney, of the Bar Association, lo take notes of any peculiar expressions made use of by Judge Barnard in chambers; he stated that after reading some newspaper criticisms on some of his actions Judge Barnard had seid that some of his enemies had died—reierring, a8 Witness thought, to Mr Raymond and Mr, Haton—and that those that.kept on abusing him would also dle pretty soon, At the time when Judge Barnard bailed i. W. Genet and T. Fields — witness had tried to get in to take notes of the proceedings, but had been prevented by the oificers at the door; witness acknowledged that this was atthe time of the Stokes trial, and there was a large crowd inside; witness also stated that he had seen Mr. Rutus F, Andrews present during the Waddy againsiEgan case, and also on the day when Genet and Fields were bailed; he saw Mr. Andrews tere all the ume and spoke to him. Mr. Adolph Herzog, a furniture dealer in Seven- teenth street, was examined by the prosecution, and stated that he had mado the furniture for the Erie oMce and Grand Opera House; that he had made two monograms—one of “KE, R.’’—which was ul oD ali the (urniture in the Grand Opera House; he had subsequentiy found among bis monograms one of “G. GB,” but dia not think that such a monogram was ever put On any furniture that went out of his store. : ‘The counsel for the prosecution here made appll- cation to the commitiee to grant @ search wariant for Judge Barnard’s house, to see if they could tad any furpiture in his possession ornameuted with the monogram “G. G. 6,” The committee decided that noeviaence had been produced that cod show cause for the granting of a search warrant for Judge Barnara’s house, and therefore denied the appliicauion. Mr. J. 8. Herrick, one of the directors of the Albany and Susquenanua Railroad Compaty, was examined in reference to tne manner of taking jossession of the road, “He stated that no violence had been used, and to the best of his belief the pro- ceedings were quite quiet, ‘The committee ihen adjourned until this morn- Ing, at ten o'clock, A DELINQUENT DOCTOR. How Physicians Aid the Spread of Smail- pox—Neglectiug to Report Cases to the San. itary Bureau—Liability for the Oilfence—A Case in Point. The Health OMcers of this chy are beginning to find that smallpox, which has lately committed such ravages in Brooklyn, has spread to an alarm- ing extent in New York during the past few weeks, despite all the precautionary measures they have taken to banish the baneful disease from the island of Manhattan. It 1s noeasy task they have in hand, however, for they meet with many obstacles, the primary ones oi which they until lately believed to ve the reluctance of ignorant people to take advan- tage of Jenner’s great discovery and have them- selves and their children vaccinated, and the SQUALOR AND POVERTY in which multitudes exist in this as in every large city. Butit is only recently, however, they have discovered that the very men to whom they natu- rally looked for assistance In their endeavors to rid the city of the pestilence weré by their actions absolutely lending ald to increase its spread and battie thetr efforts for Its extermination, Tne Bue reau of Sanitary Inspection requires that physicians shall report every case Of smailpox or other conta- gious disease that comes under their treatment; yet alarge number of medical men have persistently retused to comply with this rule, probably because twmey feared they might lose a few fees by their patients being sent io the hospital, though, doubt- lesa, some egotistical disciples of A’sculapius thought themselves fully competent to battle with the malady. Afew days ago Dr. Phillp O’Hanion, one of the Health Inspectors, applied to Judge Hogan, at tue Tombs Police Court, for @ Warrant for Moritz's ar- rest, on the ground tuat, op or avout March, 7, 1872, he “did WILFULLY VIOLATE the requirements of ‘section 122 of an ordinance passed py the Board of Health upwards of # year since, and which is still in full force, in tat, having a patient sick with the smalipox, he did neglect and refuse to repors the ngie of the person or the other facts pe ead to bo fully reported by the said ordinance.” Judge Hogan issued the document, and ir. Moviiz appeared at the yonverday morniag Tombs and gave ball for nts appearance for exam- ination on Thursday next, Tne punishment in cases of this description is by flne or imprisonment, or both, at the discretion of the Vourt. it 1s to ve hoped that Police Jusiuces will exercise this discre- tion, A Jew weeks in durance vile meted out to these medical evaders of the law would have a more salutary elect upon them thaw au the foes that could be imposed. SMALLPOX IN PLAINFIELD. New YORK, March 25, 1872, To THE BHpitox OF THE HERALD:— ‘ Noticing in your issue of a few days since an arti- cle not atali flattering to the sanitary condition of our city, and if left unnoticed would tend to make the public believe it was true, therefore please pub- lish the followirg to reiute the slander, and oblige yours, truly, JOUN H. EVANS, President Board Health and Mayor of the city. OFFIok OF THR BOARD OF HRALTH, OF The CITY OF PLAINtIELb, f In answer to the raany malicious and false reporia con- Tens the prevalence of smaiipox in Plaine Fe enapemvers of the Board of Health of th smallpox, abe py Vmits, all convatereont, The tora! nuznber af casen of amallpox and varioloid this rar to tals Sato tiae been but aisteen, of which five have een fatal, About four thousand vaccinations havé been made tn the’ two Weeks, a large proportion at thé 6x peuse and uncer the arectyo of the Honrd. Net a singe case of smallpox or variowid was been reported within the Tart 6vo days, and the Tree from malig: nant or otber disease Poresent time, JH, EVANS, Pisejuent, D. J. MARSITALL, dent 3, SULPDEN Ma ity Fapaician. 3, STILLMAN, M, D,, Con. Bry A. GILBERT, ae eee CLARK ROGERS. PLAINFIELD, Marob 24, 1872, FAILED TO AGREE.—The jury in the case of Dr. J. hhomas, tried for the murder of John Lioya Bett, in Frederick, Md., have fated to agree ubon o vere dict and been discharged, MURDER. A Tragedy of Fifteen Years Ago Avenged To-Day. RETURN OF THE MURDERER. Particulars of a Fight and Stabbing of the Victim at the Corner of Roosevelt and Water Streets. CAPTURE OF MICHAEL HAYS. Adventures of the Police Detectives in Track- ing Hays on His Return from California. Michael Hays was arrested yesterday afternoon by Detectives Eustace and Dusenberry, charged with having murdered James O’vonnell on the night of the 17th of May, 1857, Hays was taken at his home, in Market street, and locked up at Police Headquarters. On Sunday evening, the 17th of May, 1857, @ number of young men got into a quarrel In Water street about some change that belonged to oae of the party, who bad just come out of a liquor saloon. From quarrelling and abusing each other the men went on to fighting, and in a short time a general row took piace and some of the men were badly hurt, O'Donnell and Hays were standing on the corner of Water street and Roosevelt street, looking at the affair, and when it was over and the combatants had all disappeared they began to dis- cuss the rival merits of the gladiators. Hays was in favor of @ man who was a neighbor of his and O'Donnell took up the opposite party, For over half an hour the dispute about the fighting qualities of the men continued, when something else broke in ‘upon the dispute and the matter ended for tbe mo- ment, It broke out again, however, and the second time with more veliemence, Hays seemed deter- mined not to give the question up, and insisted that his opimon, which he was ready to back, was the only one that should have any weight, O’Donnell, who was @ much smalier and younger man, woula ot allow the other to cow him in the presence of a number of his friends, The words at lengtn led to a acumie and then to A ROUGH AND TUMBLE FIGHT, several friends of both parties endeavored to stop the Nght, and Hays, fearing that he would not be able to get another chance at O’ Donnell, suddenly drew a long-bladed Knife from a back pocket in his trousers and drove it into the bowels of the young man, Inficting frightful injuries, O’Donnell fell into the arms of one of his friends, and Hays ran off to the nearest police station, There ne made complaint to the effect that he was assaultet on the corner of Water and Roosevelt streets, and requested that an officer might be sent with him to arrest the parties, A policeman was Sent with him to the place, and they found O'Donnell lying on the sidewalk, gur- rounded by a group of men, who were enacayoring to assist him, Upon examining into the case the Policeman discovered that the story of Hays was not exactly the true version of the affair; but when he turned around to look for Hays he had disappeared, | Astretcher was then sent for, and O’Douneli was removed to the New York Hospital His wounds were bound up by the surgeons in attendance; but as he showed symptoms of sinking during the might, Coroner Connery was sent Lor and that gentieman took the ante-mortem statement of U’Donnell. Tbe dying man told the story of tie fight aud said Hays was tie man who struck him, On Monday morning the poor fellow rallied a Alitle, but in’ the course of the after. noon he sank again, aut during the night he died while his motper and@ sister stood at hig bedside. ‘the body was then removed to the dead house, bul the affticted mother still remained near ‘it and could not be induced to leave the place, When the Coroner went on Tuesday to hold an inquest over the remains she stoutly refused to allow any operation to be per- formed upon the dead body of her son, Entreaties ana expusiulations Were oi no avail; she would not £0; and, finaliy, seeimg that tre authorities were likely Lo use Jorce in ejecting her trom the room, she TUOK UP A POKER from tho fireplace, and, standing beside the conch on wien the vody was placed, told the police she would vllow no one to approacn. ‘The Coroner was unwilling to hurt the feelings of the eid lady—more particularly as she was very much excited, but an examination was necessary and he was compelled to give instructions to a policeman to remove her. Mrs. O’Vonnell was no sooner taken from the room than her daughter as- sumed her place aud took up the same defiant atu- tude. Sne seized the poker the mother had flung down, and, standing over tne body as the mother had done, she told the Coroner and the attendant authorities that they could not remove her ag they had the old jady, Matters were then so complicatea that the Coroner decided to waive the formality of an examination of the remains, and assuring Miss O'Donneli of the faet, the proceedings were allowed to continue, Mrs, ©’ Donnell was permitted to return into the room, and mother and daughter wept bitterly while Coroner Connery proceeded with the business of the inquest, Several witnesses were examined, who testitied ‘o the fact that Hays had intlicted the wound, and the surgeon in attendance showed that the wound received from the knife in the hands of Hays was the cause of the death of O'Donnell, A verdict to that effect was rendered by the jury, and the matter was subsequently put into the hands of the police and a warrant Was issued for the arrest of Hays, He had, however, escaped to Calliorola, where he remained until about three weeks ago. ‘The friends of the de- ceased stated yesterday to Captain reli of the de- tective force, that stice the escape of Hays some irregularities had crept into the case and they were compelled, on finding he had returned to New York, to go before the Grand Jury ana get ‘a new indict. Ment against him. A second warrant was issued for the arrest of Hays and placed in th hands of Superintendent Kelso, who was _ also tol the history of the case. Superintendent Kelso gave the matter over to Captain Irving, and he detailed Detectives Dusenberry and Eustace to HUNT UP HAYS. The detectives first bent their steps towards tue Eighth wara, and worked unceasingly in that locality to find him, but without any result. One of those characters, however, who watch the move. ments of the police as narrowly as the authorities look after thom, gave the detectives some valuable information about Hays, As there was some uncer: tainty about the personal appearauce of the fugitive from justice, the police Winking naturally be would have altered a good deal im this lapse of time, De- tective Dusenberry put some indirect but perunent questions to the loquacious assistant, He turned to Detective Eustace and said: ir, Eustace, you must know that vnis a occurred tue year you . joimed the fov and created = an Immense amount of excitement at the time.” Alitile further conyersat with the mysterious [etre brought the entire details of the case ack to Detective Eusiace’s mind, aud, taking his artner aside, he miormed him delightedly that he uew the man. Both detectives then returaued to Captain Irving and reported the progress they had made, The Captain instructed them to continue the work, and never leave off until they had cap- tured bim, ‘The Fourteenth ward was then ransacked, but Hays was not in that wsuict. One night last week, as the detectives were standing in front of an cast side theatre watching the people come out after one of the acts, they saw @ man who looked 80 exactly like What Mr. Eustace had remembered ot Hays that they were tempted to foliow him. This man went into several liquor saloons on the Bowery and some adjoining streets, and turuing suddenly at one of the corners he ttended to pass came upon the pple Getting the Idea that he was being shadowed he carted into the narrow by ways of the Sixth ward, but the detectives Kept close at his heels, determined to tind out if he was really the party they wanted, Out of the Sixth ward he crossed into Broadway, and then went up that thoroughfare, He crossed canal street, and got into the Fourteenth ward, the two detectives still behind, In Wooster street he glipped into a iquor salodn, the regular resort of characiers of the worst description, that had A DOOR IN THE REAR by which an escape coual be effected throngh one of the wajoining houses, The detectives were aware of the character of the place as Weil as of Its couve- ment disposition for gentiemen of this description, Detective Dusenverry stole through the hallway of the tevement house next door to the saloon, and getting Into the yard, waited for the man at that en- trauce, Detective Kustace remained at the street door, ana putung his pistol in the pocket of his overcoat, in case tnat any Jittle dimculty might arise, stood on the watch. The man, who afterwaras tarned out to be @ notorious character, named “Paddy Halloray,”? who knew the detectives Well, and supposed they might be looking for him for some tile personal matier, got wWrough the window of a friend who lived over the salvon, aud as he jumped to the ground Detective Hustace heard the sound of we fall and mado for him, “paddy,” intending to give the oficer a tnasie for the possession of his person, attempted lo ‘alow fight, but the detective was too quick for nim and took hold of him at once, .Paddy’? turned and squirmed and made some resistance, ‘Dut the detective held on until acrowd gathered aroded tiem, and trouble would no doubt have been the res put that Detective Dusenberry, who sup. posed he hw} remained long enough at the rear of the saloon at that his presence might be wanted in front, jast cae upon the scene. He soon cleared the crowd, and “Paddy’l was taken to Police Head quarters. and so dia the two detectives, when they came to look closely at him, and “Paddy’? waa allowed to resume his avocations, The hunt for Hays was begun and, after considerable chasing, he was captured yesterday afternoon on the first flour of a tenement house in Market street, When the police Went into his room Hays was busy folding some circulars for SOME REFORM ORGANIZATION in the Seventh ward, and his wife was preparing the dinner, surrounded by four cnildreu. At the arrival of the upon the scene Hays looked Up and asked them what they wanted, Detective Eustace answered, “We want you to come up to Police Headquarters to answer some case of assault and battery. 1 trust,” sald the detective, ‘Mr. Hays, you will come quietly and not give us any trouble.” Hays took the advice of the officers and went peaceably, He was then locked up, and will be taken before the District Attorney this morning. On the night of the fatal affray Hays fed to Calt- fornia, where he has since lived ina most pre- carious way, doing all kinds of business that came to hand, but always unsettled and never being able to settle down to avy steauy pursuit. A longin; seemed to haunt him to get to New York, an the first occaston that presented itself he availed Dimself of it. Since nis return to this sar ne has been engaged ip the liquor business, but the place he opened in Market street not proving profitable, he sold tt out and went into politics. Tuking the cue from passing events Mr. Hays adopted the re- form platform, but that has only led him to a prison cell, The brother and brother-in-law of O’Donuell calied upon Captain Irving yesterday and made @ number of statements about the case to that officer, Among was one to the effect that be had heard soon after the aighy of Hays that a friend of the fugitive had caused the destruction of the papers belongin the case by a bribe of $3,000, which was paid to some person who had access to these documents, ‘This, he sald, was tue reason they were obliged to et ont a second indictment and all the trouble they had to cause the arrest of Hays. If the state- ments of these gentlemen be correct this already most extraordinary case will deveiop some astound. ing workings In criminal matters, OPERATIONS IN READING STOCK. The Examination in the Case of William Heath at Jefferson Market Yesterday. The first witness placed on the stand at the Jeffer- son Market Police Court yesterday morning in the case of William Heath, charged with perjury, was W. 8. Woodward, who was examined by Assistant District Attorney Sullivan as follows:—I reside at 295 Clinton avenue, Brooklyn; am a broker; am do- ing no business now; I know Mr, Heath; in 1870 he ‘was a member of the firm of Heath & Oo.; they did business in Broad street} in July, 1870, 1 had trans- actions with them in Reading; Joseph F, Young was associated with me; Heath & Co, had no interest in the Stock except as brokers; tho largest amount of stock we had on hand at one time was 40,000; in July, 1870, Mr, White came into the pool; we were each to have o third interest; Heath was told White nad a third interest in the pool; at the time White came the shares of stock increased; up to tne 16th of July we had purcnased 70,000 shares; I was in Heath’s ofillce on that day; White and Young were also there; on that day Young announced a failure; Heath stated he would hold myself for Young’s share of the loss; White said his come jing into the account haa improved it; Heath sald he would send White's and tay thtrd fo Marvin & Co.; it was sent, also a statement; next saw Heath on the 16th, at Marvin & Co.'s; Mr. White, Heath, Marvin and’ myseif were present; Heath stated he came to see in reference to some Reading stock m tho hands of Randolph, belonging to Young; Mr. Heath stated he found himself in a position he never expected to be—that was, @ speculator In stocks; Heath wanted us to loan nim $10,000 to start again, in case we lost all; he remarked it was hard to be put in such a position; I replied it. was a fair understanding when we ‘went into it; he sald his capital was $100,000 and it was all sunk; he said it was his own actions ‘that had placed him in the position he was; Heath re- marked we did not want to increase tie stock; that coincided with our views in the matter; I don’t re- collect the date; 1 learned that Heath claimed we were each jointly responsible for the losses on the stock and not eacn of us responsiple for our re spective thirds; don’t knuow who informed me, . Cross-examined by Mr. J. D. Townsend and Mr. Devine—Commission merchants are not considered brokers; I have known Young for several years; atter Young failed I gave Young a “put and call” for 2,500 shares of Reading; don’t Know when it was; should think it was within six months alter bis faiture; he did not pay me; I gave it to him; he asxea me for it; £ don’t know what use Young made of the stock he~ used asa margin with Capron & Strong; don’t recoliect whether he was insolvent at the time, but think he was; he don’t owe me anything; T dla not know anything of the account he was running in Capron & Strong's office; Lnever loaned Young money; I don’t Know what the priviiege was worth; it may have been worth $2,500 or $5,000; this is tie only privilege I gave him; since lis failure I never had ‘any stock operations wita Young; I never guaran- teod his account at any broker's office; Young had the management of the pool up to the time he failed; aiter that White took charge of it; [ have known White about ten years; I have been inter. ested in other pools with White; I failed in June, 1871; 1 testitied before the referee that the pool account between Young and myself was a fomt account; in June, 1870, the operations in this pool were suspended; Young was at this time operating on his own individual account; White and myself agreed not to sell when be was operating; a few days prior to the 1lith of July the European war _ aifected the stock mar- ket; when Young announced his failure he began to weep; at that time 1 had not taken my third of the stock; think 1t was about 10,000 shares; 1 did not Know that leaving the large amount of stock on Heath’s hands would break them; White said if there was to be a fight about the stock it would be a big one; we had several interviews dur- ing the day in White’s oftice in reference to the stock; White, Heath, Quincey and mysel£ were pres- ent; Young was there also; at the time it was stated Young was short some 11,000 shares on W. Heath & Co.'s books, ‘The case was here adjourned until to-morrow, at two o'clock P, M. THE JERSEY CITY FRAUDS. Tho Trial of Bumsted, Vreclaud and Welsh Postponed—Police Commixsioner Edmondson Again In Court=The Convicted Comimission- ers Apply for a Stay of Proceedings. ‘The trial of William H. Bumsted, Garret vreeland and Benjamin F. Welsh, for conspiring to defraud the Mayor and Aldermen of Jersey City, was moved yesterday by the District Attorney. jndges Bedle, Randolph and Brinkerhoff were on the bench, Judge Bedle interposed and satd that, in the case Of the State against the Police Commissioners, on which averdict of guilty had been rendered, the Court would take action on Saturday next, Counsel for Bumsted aud company moved for a postponement of their trial on the ground that © very important witness, Mr. Gil lett, President of the Board of Public Works, is lying seriously ill, An affidavit, accompanied by two medical certificates, was presented in sup- port of the motion. After some discussion the trial was postponed till the first Tuesday in May, The deiendants immediately renewed their bail in $8,000 each, dir, Dixon moved thatthe indictment chargin Thomas Hamondson with conspiracy to defrau Joseph Acton, an Assessor of Jersey Clty, be uashed, This was @ most grievous case, which the HewaLp brought to light in the middie January, and the Grand Jury there- upon took up ihe matter, Edmondson, who is one of the convicted Police Commisstoners, In- duced Acton to give him a power of attorney to collect $400 of the latter's salary for political pur- joxes, And this demand Acton acceded to only on he representations that the other assessors had done likewise or had promised to do so, In order to bring Acton down quickly Edmondson, it 1s alleged, told Acton that a certain applicant for the Ryne occupied by Acton offered as high as $600 if the position were given to him, Mr, Dixon pointed out some alleged defects in the indictment on which he based his motion, and the Court reserved decision. Mr. Dixon moved a stay of proceedings in the case of the Police Commissioners and Unief of Police Just convicted until the supreme Court could re- view the exceptions taken on the trial. He brought up the ‘question of the validity of the jury panel again, and Was alinding repeatedly to the “tribunal” by which defendants were tried when Judge Bedle sharply broke tn, “You mean the jury, | presume,’? Mr, Dixon replied in the afirma- tive. The Attorney General opposed the application, The detendants had not only been fairly tried and convicted, but they practically selected the jury for themseives, The State was far from showin; any vindictiveness in the matter, for it al- lowed these men six times as many challenges as they were entitled to by law. ‘Nhe verdict was regarded as a just and righteous one by the commu nity. The offence was one of great gravily, because these men were virtually in the controi of the public money in that large city of $0,000 tnuabitants, Judge Bedle said that the Court would reader a decision next Saturday, The challenge to the ,array was not based on any imputa- Hon of fraud on the part of the sheriff. The qnestion was purely whether the Sheriff had compiled with his statutory requirements in his selecuon of the jury, and had so far departed from the requirements of the statute as to ren- der that jury panel null and void, The question {8 @ novel one, and had never before arisen in the State of New Jersey. Whether the Court would yield to the motion for a review of the decision on that point must be settled by fur- ther determination, The Court asked the District Attorney if ne had any other cases to proceed with? ‘The later called up the case of the Fire Commissioners, but the Wit- esses were absent, \ The Court then adjourned till this morning, when the indictment agaist Chief of Police MeWilil and Charios W. Mahon, ex-captain of police, ior alleged collusion Ja the, Noyes bond ranhery case, Will be taken w Captain Irving recognized him, however, } NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE The Jersey City Charter in the Senate—Debste on MoPherson’s Bill—It is Defeated by 9 Close Vote—Weart’s Bill Progressing. Jersey City received more attention yesterday in the Legislature than was bestowed on it during any previous day of the session. The announce- ment that the creatures of the late Legislature called Commissioners, appointed under the infamous thieves’ charter, had at last met their just deserts im the courw, spread terror and dismay among the lobbyists of the ring. Those legislators wno voted for the pas sage of that charter had reason to fell ashamed of their record and set themselves on the stool of re- pentance, ‘The verdict of guilty in the Hudson County Court of Oyer and Terminer ts the handwnting on the wall for the political party responsible for the corruption now existing in the Jersey City government. The stump orators, of the republican party cannot make capital out of the Yammany frauds at the next election, for they have established a system im Jersey City beside whicn Tammany pales its ineffectual fires, At tho morning Session of the Senate the supple- ment to the charter of Jersey City, which provides for the election of the several members of al) the boards of the city government by the people, was taken up on its third reading. Mr. McPaoerson, the father of the bill, was absorbed in the perusal of the HERa‘D, especially that portion setung forth ‘the last of the ring,” in Jersey City, when the bill was announced aod he started up at once. He urged the Senate to reflect serlousiy upon the state of things which made the passage of this bill @ necessity. He recited the provisions of the cnar- ter, and said that alter testing the bill for one year they found that there were many faults in the sys tem and desired a change. He oalled the at- tention of the Senate to the message sent to the Senate by the Governor, showing that Jersey uy ‘was the only city were the people were pot lowed to elect their officers. He asked why Jersey Civy was mace an exception and placed in the posi- tion of a conquered province, He would say that there were not in Jersey City one hundred people who favored the system of government im- osed on that city. He read from the decision of jhe Supreme Court of Le pais which declared unconstitutional an act of the e appointing a Board of Water Commissioners for @ city in that State, The bill before the Senate carries the city back to local self-government. ‘The act which it 1s sought to amend placed In power @ sat of men, of many of whom the private fortunes and the debt of the city have increased at the same rate, ‘The Mayor is made the figure-heaa, with no power except to ae warrants and to accept insults from the oppo! Intees of the State. All the Commis sions are independent of him, The Board of Alder- men were shoru of ail power, and are only a party to sue and be sued. Municipal frauds have become go prevatent and ate making #uch inroads upon the property of the peopie that they fear more the Spoliations of these Commissioners who prac- tice them under the color and even the pro- tection of thetaw than they do those of burglars, highwaymen and incendiaries. Men spend money to secure oilices to which no saliries are attached ana the emoluments of which are solely the results of peculation and nialieasance. The bill beiore the | Senate will enable the people to manage their own municipal affairs; the Legislature perpetrated a wrong upon the people of Jersey City and we ask — you to right that wrong. What we have suifered We will pass, but we ask protection for the future. When you say that no effort of th Lae le can refurm abuses you crush tho spirit of he people, and in this way you have crushed the spirit of the people of Jersey Oitv. If we hold an election under this bill some of the officers clected may be base men, but if this 1s the case atthe next election we can sweep them from office and oe in newmen. Tue charier sought to ve repealed charges that the people, trom whom all power 1s de- rived, the moment they live within the vonnds of Jersey City are ualit to govern themselves, Mr. WILLIAMS said there Was another bill before the Senate like this, both having the same ttie and the same object, both purporting to come from the people of Jersey City. ‘The people come here by petition and ask for senate bli No, 133; but taere 1s ho petition for the bill before the Senate, Where 1s the necessity for the latter? The Senator from Hud- son, while ponent ag as infamous the present charter, accepts in his bill all its provisions save the manner of appointment of the boards. The bill 183 provides for the election of tae Mayor and Alder- men by the people; and then provides ior the ap- polutment of the boards by the Mayor, subject to confirmation by the Aldermen. Mr. TAYLOR said the bill before the Senate does not seek to change the charter adopted iast year, but merely tae mode of appointment of certain Officers. Le disliked to say that the people who elect the Mayor and Aldermen should not elect the incumbents to fill the Boards. The majority of the people may elect whom they please to till the va- cancy, and if they elect improper persons that 18 their fault, and we are not responsible; he could not vote to prevent the people from having this right, and he should vote ior the bill, Mr. CONOVER sald no act or legislation of the last Legisiature created more excitement than what the Senator from ludson calls the infamous charter. ‘This bill goes one step in advance, and takes the jowers under the charter irom men whose names ave become a byword and reproach throughout the State. He would like to see’ it wiped out root and branch trom the statute book. But this is @ step in vhe advance, and destroys the principle that. the Legislature shall appoint commissioners to fill the local municipal offices ofa city. For that reason he should vote for this blll. Alter some further discussion the vote was taken, and the vill was lost by the following vole:— YEAs—Banghart, Bird, Conover, Corle, Cutler, Edsall, Lydecker, McPherson, Taylor—9, Navs—Beesley, Belden, Bettie, Havens, Hewitt, Hopkins, {rick, Jarrard, Moore, Sheppard, Wiliiama—Ll, Mr. MCPHERSON changed his vote for the purpose of moving a reconsideration, and so moved. Mr. LYDECKER moved to lay that motion on the table, ‘The yeas and nays were called, Mr. HEWITT, in voting, explained his vote by say- ing that he believed a change was necessary, and he voted aye to keep thts bill alive unui some action ‘Was taken on the bill No, 133, ‘The motion was lost—10 to 10—Taylor and Hewitt yoling aye with the demoorats, ‘The vote was taken on the motion to reconsider, and it was lost—9 to 11—Mr. Taylor, of Hssex; vote ing aye with the democrats, the other republicans voling no. Mr. Wiley (dem.) Was absent, Mr. Wearts’ bill passed a second reading, and Will be pushed jorward without delay, ‘ihis bill, which was adopted by the Committee of ad m New York, Was fully explained in the HERALD a fe’ weeks ago. It 1s a most excellent one in every re- spect, and cannot fail to commend itsell to the at- tention of both branches o! the Legislature, WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE, Commencement Exercises at Association Hal} Last Evenings The fourth annual commencement of the Woman's Medical College of the New York Infirmary took Place last evening at Association Hall, Twenty. third street and Fourth avenue, Despite the weather the hall was well filled by a largo number of ladies and gentlemen, Samuel P. Willis, President of the Soard of Trug* tees, occupied the chair and introduced to the awit ence Mr. Ropekr HayDOCK, who detailed the bie tory and workings of the institution, He sald:— It is now cighteen year since Drs. Eliza. beth and Emily Blackwell, after surinounth mauyand most serious obstacles, had at last ob. tained their dipiowas as doctora of medicine and become convinced of the necessity of more adequate medical instruction for Women. lo pursuance of this conviction the New York lafirmary for Women and Children was incorporated December 13, 1853— First—Yo afford poor women an opportumity of consulting physicians ol thetr own sex, Second—To furnish Jemaie students the advan- tages of hospital instrnciicn, Third—To form a school tor instruction tn nursing and the laws ot heaith, It began as ® «ispeusary on a very small scale In @ room in the Eleventh ward of this city, ‘Where it was open to applicants tnree afternoons & week, and attended by only one physicilan—Dr, Elizabeth BiackWeil, It was found to be an im Mense success to te poorer class of Women, whom it was Intended to benefit. In 1857 the institution Was removed to 64 Bieecker street, In the year 1860 the present premises, 123 Secona ave- nue, were purcuased, In 1864 the titie was changed by act of legislation to that of ‘tne New York lufirmary tor Women and Chtidren,” and also authority given to establish al col. lege for women and to grant and con for the ttle of Doctor of Medicine, The instivution now consists of a college, 10 whi Medical lectures are given to women during Nine Months of the year; of a small hospital contain. ing @ ward of fourteen beds, in which women patients are received for treatment; of @ dispensary And a suit of rooms. Free advice and medicines are given daily to all poor women and children; there is also an outdoor visiting department. The votieges and hospitals are stil both upon & sinail scale, and hence are able to carry out their objects very imperfectly, But as they are Well established in the confidence of many judicious men aud women, and us year by year thelr beneficial effects become ap. parent, may we not pope lerger means will laced at their disposal and & Wider sphere of use- ulneas open before them? Dr, Emily Blackwell then conferred the degree of Doctor of Medicine on the joliowing graduates: Mercy. Nickerson Baker, Maine; Nancie Moneile, New York; Klien Francis Hammond, New York; Phoebe Jané Ferris, Connecucnt; Blizavetia Susan Horr, Maine; Sarah Vrancis Molntosh, New Jersey; Elizabeth Martha Cushior, New Jersey; Emily An- thon, New York; Mary Jane Stuaiey; Massachusetts, ‘The following ladies received prizes for brillant success In their studies during the year:—iest ree rt of eye and ear clinique, to Miss Emuy Wells; st report Of surgical clinique, to Miss Nancie Monelle; best examination in physiology among graduates, Mrs, Surah F, acintosn, Dr. Mary ©, Pusvam delivered the valedictory. It was a long, learned and exhaustive composition. After which Mr. Josep H. Choate made tie ciosing | addvess ja his charactertsticaliy happy manner, 4 @nd the assembly shoruy afverwards adjourned.