The New York Herald Newspaper, February 5, 1872, Page 11

“oUR RAILROADS. Whe Railroad Builders of This Session of Congress. WHAT THEY ARE ABOUT. Tem focott Gobbles Up Marshall 0. Roberts—Jay Cooke Swinging Along—The Atlantic and Pa- cific People After the Indians—Mormon Road Bnilders—Great Pipelaying of Ben Halliday—The Central Pacific Junta~Young Palmer’s Road Opening the Indian Territory. WasutncTon, Feb. 2, 1872. ‘The raflroad lobby ts comparatively small thts Year, yobbery being pretty well doue m the matter of large through tines, while the smaticr ratiways | between parts oi the same Territory, or a State and a@ Territory, are geaerally handled b/ some one Con- | gtessman or by the road's own respectable officers. You have no utea of the immense amount of railroad Duildiag going on 4n the country, and much of it 1s done with foreign money, obtaiucd upon litde less ‘Wan loose pretences. HOW FOREIGNERS BUILD OUR RAILWAYS. Take, for example, the raliroad runniag from Denver southward toward the Gut, of which fifty Or sixty milies.are Gone and trains raunlog. This is @ narrow gauge road, the first in the West opened to traic, and its superintendent and builder tsa Mr. Palmer, formeriy of Philadelphia, and longa Clerk or subordiuate oMcial of sume character in | the Peunsyivauia Ratiroad office, He went to Kansas concerued ia the Kansas Pacific Raluway, and when that was done, bemg @ man of bright Paris and imagivaiive temperament, be conceived the Idea of anucipating the general railway lobbies, ‘Which sougat a large grant irom Denver southward towards Sunta Fé, and, securing the moral support of the Pennsytvania Company, he put off to Holland to sel his bends. He did sell above two mition dollars’ werth ‘at Amserdam, but the Colorado people say tuat he presented a list of prominent Dames of bankers and other JouKs in tae Territory as heavy stockholders in the road, few of whom had anything to do with it, This 1s one of the dodges used wih “John Fore.gner’’ to make bim put Up his money. Tae Territorial people, Who want the Faiiroad,. yet will put no money into Ul, give the use of ther names, and the array bcimg as- wounding, some of the persous belug kuown abroad a3 well as at home, the money ts fortacoming and the read is built The Celebrated citizens aloresafd then graceluly retive ‘their names from the roil, and the enterprise 1s lelt to its own poss:vlitcies, wittle the board of free and @asy trustees in our Basiern States are suppose to be looking out shrewdly for the interests of the for- @igo vondholders, It oiten happens that dasa and Fecklessness tu @ country with the generat growth and prosperity of ours amount to as much as good Toresignt, , ‘This route irom Denver toward Santa Fé ts paying the interest on its bonds reguiuriy, carrying a good deai of steck and some passengers; tor New Mexico, aitsougu @ Zerriiory, Dumbers, according to the iast census, 112,000 people, of whom ninety Odd thousand ate white Mexicaus or Americans, BNOWED UP. It ig upon such secondary railroad enterprises 9s ‘the above that Congress is now chiefly exercised, ‘While the North Pacific, whose bonds are selling FApuly, 2848 nO Wore irom the government. Tye Union and Central Pacific are in @ condition of statu quo, snowed Up at Loth ends, and the Allantio and Pacific, commonly called the Luicty-flth Paral Jel Rauroad, baits wt the boundary of the Indian Territory, its rigut of way, which Cougress gave it, mopped by tue atutude of the pig-headed indians there, who fear a locomotive and velegraph wire about equally. M. 0. RODERTS RESIGNS. Marshall 0. Roberts, of New Yerk, troubled with we kianey disease and ia low spirits, is already heartily sick of the Sontnern Pacific Railroad, ana has oitered to sell the who.e thing out to Tom Scott for $1,500,000, waich is about tue amount Which Roverts has himselt personally advancea to build the road. Roberts is geucraily looked upon here as a jailure as.@ raliroad man, and the hungry attorneys, €x-Congressmen and uthers who were promised-boneis upen hig Recession are raving about town, talking avout honvurabie and dishonuravie Conduct. It ls said that not iewer than two hundred persons had promises of vonds and of money, but these promises amount to nothing, many of thea being given to persuns who, under the law, had 20 Wight to be intervated in any measure belore Con- . TOM SCOTT AT THE BRAKE. Soott ie now in Washington, seeing what can be one out of the situauon. Lus wonderful head and hundred hands take delight in such enterprises, @pd the granis in moucy and in lands iavisuly Beaped upon this road might well allure bim. The “fexas aud Pacific” Franchise—syon delag | the name of Scott's consolidated ryac, which ts to | Fun from Sureveport, La., across the broadest part Of Texas to Et Paso, and thence sendan arm cown Yo California and another to San Diego—is com- prised of three or tonr uifferent things, ali subsidized ‘With rien Texas lauds, WUAT SOUTI’S BIG ROAD WILL GET. First, the Texas and Pactfic comprises the South. ern Pacific Ratiroad, chartered by the State of | ‘Texas, of which seventy miles are already built | from Shreveport westward, This grant 13 7,000,000 acres, witch, at $3 an acre, would alone make $21,000,000, Next in Scott's enteriprise is thre Memphis and i Paso grant—tnat unforianate concession to donn ©. Fremont, Tne Texas aad Pacific have compromised for tne fremont bonds— sold head over hecls in Paris at a sacrifice, nearly to the ruin of our general securities, and not Much to Fremont's own bencit—by mortgaging ail their lands {or the frst 150 miles of the road to said Dondhoiders, Fremont’s indebtedness 1s not less than $2,000,000, and it is supposed that alier tadem- Difving upon that compromise the persong who took Dis bonds the Memphis and Ki Paso grant will still @Mouné 10 5,000,000 acres. Next in Scott’s lexas and Pacific enterprize will accrue the State bonus of $10,000 per mile, which @re not to be bamied over until 600 miles of tue Jead are completed and it spans the whole State. ‘This moneyed concession was made last winter by the Légisiaiure of Texas, and the whole sum re- ceived in this way, if ever paid, will be $6,000,000 In Btate bonds, Next, Tom Scott, if he butids this road, will get the government grant of 13,000,000 of acres lying be- tween El Pasu aud San Diego, some of whicn 1s good land for agricuiture, and much of tt rich in minerals, Putting these four things togetier, and valuing ‘whe lavd at between two and three dollars an acre, the Texas and facitic concession a@mounis to $68,000,000 tn land and State boads, Public spirit, Rowever, is not waning on wis road; but irom Kansas, Colorado, Caluornia, and even from Utah, the road builders, with or without land or subsidy, Bre pushing south ty tap tne country at the nead- quariers of tue Kio Grande anu pierce into Mexico, ‘While the Southera Pactiic Kallroad 13 berug puled % pieces by 11s Congressional manipulators. THK MURMONS AT WORK. But for the Murmou wiais in Uiaa, whtch have embarrassed labor und enterprise tere, Lue Mor- Mous Would have completed tis year a third oj the Way southward towards the Arizoua bouddary. We shal bave, tirougo Paluter's road, Connectivu wita Sauia Fé in two years or .es3, li tae Atautic aad Paculc, or Lhivty-tilta Paraiiel road, ve alluwed to ran turough the ludian Jerritory, they Wil as0 get to Santa Fe Within two years. ‘Ihis road is geaerany said (oO be Coluirolled by tue bunkers seligindn & Lo., Gt New York. THE NORTH PACIFIC AXD SCHUYLER COLFAX. ‘Ko show the imumeuse iierest which the peuple are Waking In these Wesiern fauway deveiupwents, @Nd Also WOW Lnvrougliy Capilalists rely upon pri- Vate SAVigS 1O aCCOMplisu These HutuEDse enter. prises, I need omy tell you that the cause of Mr, Coliax’s proposed retiveweut irom the oslice o1 tue Vice Pres.dency two years ago was an ofer made tin by vay Couke & Uo., Which he had resolved to accept, giving lia $26,000 # year lo leciure on We Norta Haciae road through the United states, vesides ali he vroveeds OF Uckets jor Hs /eclures abd Couipensauon for his neWspaper Wrilugs Paid by paousbers. Lo other ‘Words le Was to Vecume (he great Siutesiman-advers tiser of (Nis Huge corporation abd gel (he saary of fie Presideut of the Louted States, Witla popularity NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1872.—TRIPLE SHEET. fit cate memes eee in. About the time he had fully resoived to'take \.4 with this olfer, aud had ‘amounved that under no circumstances for re-election, a nervous brostrasion came upon hin, att ne recetved uotifi- cation from bis physics that any suca long and lauguing recture as he coutempiated would be AC Lue Fisk of nis and perhaps ws tite. He gave up the towptuag vier of QooKe, and now announces Laat he will tarry with usa litte white Jonger ana give us tue light of bis suite wt the bead Of tue Senate, THE COOKES’ OrrorTUsIry, ‘The North tacific road, aud, in fact, all the roads, take encouragement trou Lhe caiamiues which have this Year coure upon OUF UNIy road open to the Pa cic, ‘lraius Wave been suowed up, not Only Lor days successively, Dual Jor a Ween wt a time, 10 the great persoual discoily | Of passengers and Lo the | perk Of that Very cousid rapie tnrougn ucket busi- hess verween Lndia, Chiua, Austratia, New Zealand &nd Europe by Way ol our Pacific Kairoad. 1as- seugers just um give deicful accounts of the ean accommodatous aud Healing Conveniences wale they jay vn Lhe valid SuuMés OL ae Kocky Moun- lains, somewhat like the outcasts of roika Flat, When (hey were cut off beiore aud bead and Uncle Buly had'stoien the norses, to ts now evident that We musi have more thau one reuie Across the coun. try. While the North Pacific peope agege that there 1s RO SnOW bo Speak Of on ver troatier and that the tsutmermal hoe swoeps around aud gives Lem good Vemperatures, yet puputar scutiment has a@iso'vel strougty ta favor oi Tester to the ‘Lurty-fiin Paralies road, WHICH passes Curouga ie burvers Ol @ Lemperaie region ciose dows (0 Lie Crupics, and 48 | absolutely it@e Lo Lhosis MOarly all Lhe year road, NOULBY Sly Mis later cuad Lut the unumaly of Qu Judtan “érritory Which 18 LWo-Luurdsdarger (han ew Yory State, Wiica spans east and west 470 mies wh, NOrtA And SOU Z20. ‘Tuc Jav Cooke's Koad,” so calied, las made sp.enaid neadWay, and now reaches ve Ked River, Watcn 13 04 the Lae of jongituve a lituie west of Omaua aud nearly ut the midaie of Indian Terrivory, Cera, abu aosured daud “raul Of the while Of them Lor tnbver, cereaty and emgrauon, aud ib bs mol iar beluud the otters m the precious metals, its directors are selling more than enough bonds per month tw pay OM (He large gaags of hands, pay tor twe copious advertising Wilich keeps ule matter con. Stantly Detore te GuuRry, aud pay azeats in Ku. rope lo burry up euigrato. wad Keep Une bali roll: jay. ‘Luere are divewa memvers vow in tne Litm of Jay Coone & Uo, fae Couses (hemseives are gen- f to 1o0x out tor the sale of bonus, Mourueau attends to vie iron matters, anda tne “euitor” of Ue vallread 13 General Netietua, fore mealy of sKY CMY, He COMMen BOMe Of all he Voukes. Luis cervainly @ marvellous enterprise to see w single Dunkius nouse wilnoUl Otaer support than faud ou the irouuer peit, pusning sieadily ahead With a raliroad 2,00 mites loug. They fave even sent out to Washingvon wud uregon, and de- gun to lay track there, a order fob vo be anucl- puted by ten Malluay, WO 1s UriVviug Lalgs mean- Ulead tasiay up ibe vest tad we Widameite aud Columbia valleys, BED HALLIDAY AS A TRACK LAYER, Ben Holiday is supposed wo ve vuiiding on two Certaintics—a paylug coud, stocked With a litle em pire 01 splendid land, wach is even now atiracting CuUATAUOL ITU Uallordid MorwuWard, oF his rod MUS’ be pUrelased ab w iat Hyure by elmer tne North facmic or the Gentrat Pacitic, “Huiliday ws losiug $16,000 @ trip, It Is said, on the Austrauan steamers, and he Nas got Voluue! Utis, of New York, aud Ueueral Bee, of sun Franctsco, delviug away 1O.get Dim & Consressivudl suosidy. ‘Luere 8 20 gevd Feusou Way ne siouid not huve # Jair, en- couraging anmouatl; Lor tae New Zewiand and Aus. Wautu goveruments, preierring to pay Americaas rather Ua Weir wWa Lagisd Kin, haveaiready givea tiul & suvsidy Compativie win taeir limited meuus, Ben can get a sudsidy irom Laois Gongiess Me Wik speedily Ceur out Austra- la and transpiant is populauion to Uregon, He Wadarinmg genius, altuough comparatively un- leWered, aud begiubing Wie not Many years ago WIUN a dew head of calie Walch ne drove row St duseph out Ww Mormondom, and alterwards made Wwanay Weary irs With OXed aud Mules as B poor Lrauer, he LOW ruus Sleausuip nes Irom Prugeds sound to Maaatian, and irom 580 FTancL3CO to New Zeaiuud, OW 4s atudust Cae ONY tude peadenvraitroad on tne Maciite coust, aud stands by als Imends, the Muruons luciuded; and De 1s 40 Unis day one of the Nandounest iellows to louk upon Kavwn In this country. Bea Haliday’s railway stands in dread Ol tne Muehty Co vssus of Lhe Ventral Pucuic, which, Striting Irom Ugden 10 the Golden Gate, ramfies on toe way nOrchWaru aod syutiward und holds every chBanel o1 communication except by sea Irom Mox- leu 0 vREZUn, Td CALIFORNIA RAILWAY KINGS, What a uisiory has ts road shown us of the Wer of sual couederaiod enterprises! A iew dware sture Keepers, menloere merchanw aud wn lawyers M wacrameuty mel Logether with. much courage as (ue Swiss of Gratu resolving inuepeaueuce, and they put down ther tue soraes in @ pile to work § nvon Congress iur enough encouragement to climo Uy the siues O. the Sieira Nevada. ‘hey got the promise vi mouey; Lat, alas! were to nuld up huss almost Anaycessimie Munatains and founder arcund tne Duich #ists delure a cent would ve lorcocuming, Raving, DY wwe provisions ot the subsidy, 0 Complete 100 miles delore the gov- ernment woulu write its mame across ter bouus. Those men w-day.ure worth irom five to ven rutiion ‘ultars each, aud are iuevitanly cer- ‘They have absorbed, oue @ ter aaotner, all the nterual Davigaiion lines, Wie steamers aad a. eo ralway : They nave vever truuvied es to bore State Leg.siatures for help, vut have gaibered their money (oge ner and aunihi- laved Oppusition vy fair purchase. They keep on & two milous o: goverument bonas all the time Lor side issies Ol Us sort, and When the Cad- Joruia Pacific Kailway tell intu thelr nands last summer they were supreme on the shores ot tue Pacific. Not content to see nis princely couection oO: raliways to ine aands of their own erwual halt dozea they have veon buying each other out to reducs taeir number to threo or four, 1t 13 very doabuul wuetner, with all our experience In tue Kast —with our Vangerbilts, Scotts, Goutas, &c.-—-we have auy ratitoad men up to the Mark of tue Sacramento people, Lelaad Stanford, to 1ovk at, 18 @ large, grave, heavy-eyed, heavy- Jaweu petson, wao nas Nov yet made ats anpearancs id the Eust, Dut lis associate, Mr. Huntiugton, is Que ollue Moving spirits of the Chesapeake and Onlo road, Walch wew York and Valliorata capical bas Dut across the mountains of West Virginia, and Which has leased, im addition, tne short line Toad irom Uiucinuail to Louisvile and Lexington, BRiGHAM YOUNG'S NBW RAUWAYS. Secure irom al’ bat United States ouicials, the Morwous, Wider the capavie leadership of Brighau Young, are aot only lavoriug to connecs their set. tlemeats wien @ belt of rati, but they amvitiously design vuttding @ road irom the Colorado to the Columola, connecung the rich mines and foucisuing towns of mountamous Idano with Sait Lake, so that it will become the Huvrtsiiag emporium of the Central. Continent, ‘Luey already have # town wits twice tne population of Denver-and with a Wade unequalied by any town | West of the Missourt eXcept Sacramento and San Prancisco, Ihey are tunniug @ narrow gauze road win ail energy 120 mucs nortuward to the Soda Springs of Ldaho, and expect to nave it done in the Bprhug Of tuts year and # hotel built on the spot, Amung the teading men of tus road are Wiliam Jennings, Brignam Young, Wiliam H. Hooper, Hiram Clawasen and overs, while the direcuon of its taances is eatrasted to Jobn Young, Brigham’s 6Un DY Nis secoud Wile, & handsome, prudent, agiie young man, who has spent much time recentiy in the bast and a iew da.s in Wastingtou. ‘fhe Mor- mons build their railroads at no other frst ex- peose tnan the cost of the iron and ra.0ns to leed laboring gangs. fue lanorers take stock In tue road Jor their pay and eat plata food, while tne bonas of tire road purchase the iron. Notuing 1s, therelore, to be dune Dut to make enouzn proiw atter «he enterprise Js complete to pay the hiterest on the oonds, If tne road ts successtul tue laborers get div.dends apon thelr stock. Af not, they take taeic til tuck Bncomplainiugy. Kut Ww 14 singular that up to the present time every Mormon enter- prise has peen successiul. Even the setiiement of St. Geor,e, On the vorder et tue Arizona desert, butt in @ country charred with immemorial fire aug sirewa ail over with glaubsr gaits, has come Out @ 1oWD #9 likely tu stand as Suit Lake itseif. Woen asked some time as0 why he did such & foousn thing as to put A town on tue site of St. George and expeod so much time and en- durance to recover a lite tract of vasis from te desert, Brigham Young replied that he wanted to Sluw ‘hat Wis peop.e could do any- thing, and rater thau have votuing to do he would under ake tu reciain the whole american desert. “it we tail,’’ sad ortgnam, “we shall at least not have learued tule habits.” [tis not ariel Known that tae Murmons, thoush quiet about it, have ex- ercised a lirge infuence in our puvlic afaira, A | ictediggen Who Has seeu the st of fads collected peiect weueral Grant aliexes that a good round sum was courriouted by ie Mormons of Sait Lake iby, unter the auvice of Kau Washourn, Wao Was always their friend, Wiasnvurn aud severai other men m pabie life took up jandin Salt Lake city several years azo, beleving in tue growin and de- velopment of that couairy under the pauient labor Of ile Saints, PHILOSOPHY OF THE LAND-GRAB RAILWAYS. ‘The preseat Wiil ve looked upon in tucure years As one Ol the greacest periods in the nistory of man- kind Jor material enter, rises. If Congress is vexet With hundreds of laad-gravvers, 1 1s not only to be a.trivwed to sume supp sed corruptions in our age, vat to the Immegse pushe spirit and material en- ergy OF the American churdcter at this ume. The War turned out buadreds 0: raliroad builuers; sor tracks ual to be taxen up and put down, and com- mon sergeants and ieu‘euants were ofien calied Upon to run engiwes, build Lridges aud repair fol lug stock, Under the operatious o1 a high protes five tari? on-steel ras and iron, the iron rollers themselves, who made great fortunes uurmg tne Wut, are iu many cases advancing the tron to fale Way builders Wo Can get a good Laat graut, or tn excepiionai cases even the runt of Way, rhe tariff Aud laud moaopoy Lus espuuse the causes uf each ower, RAILWAYS NO MONOPOLY, Looking over the whole suvject of railways al- Teauy coupleted on the pubite fomeln 1018 hard to come to any Olver Opinio’ than Lab withous them We country Wouid Lave eed gtealiy retarded, and the evils Waich We Suppose! to be lacideut to wer sUbsralcaviou aud Mmovopely dO wot appear. The’ omy PAlWways Wo bie Couutry Which are at ait absor luce are We Union Pacdic aud ils Complement at the olver end, ihe Cealral Vaciie, The Union Paciic has greatly dissausued te immMers of Volorado, Wyowiug aud Gta by raising freignt rates on crude ores, particularly argenGlerous galena, The Jack Was Wat at (ie vid Fales Were Was pleuty of Jrelyit, VUb UO BrOUL. Fhe Centra: Paciie, ailuough the Ost power.ui vl Ali COrpordiious, consiuered With regard Wo its sUrroUDdNIg population, Is Ou Lhe Whoie & modest Wipuralion. surewd In DUSMeSS, ‘Ais Powd Was Lhe Most | American | | created them, but still in considerable terror of the State Legisia- The history of [ino, now the third State in the Union, 18 the history of one subsidized railroad, Whica has never troddea upon the necks of the people but bas given to that Prairie State more than two anda if milnons.o1 people, or little tess than the population of the whoie reyuvite at tue close of the oiation, lowa@ is é-sentially a rail- Toad State, with its 1,200,000 pure and indascrious people, Who do not appear to feel tne heels of ratl- roads ‘on thelr necks, but, On the conirary, have some of the best raulroads in the councry. HM ts questionable whether there 18 a bewer read 1 the World toan the Burlmgion, Quincy aud Missourt Ratlroad, with vs dining cars, smokin « Cars aud its conversation cars, Missouri, now treadiag close upon the heels of Iinots. with 1,700,000 peopie, never was much of a state unul railway subsidy took it up and carried it along, ‘There 1s this avout our American railways: that the common people buiid them, and they do not rise above their source and are always more or less amenable to State Legisiavures, which, naturally enough, Tow jealous ol them as soon as they have ‘Thus there 1s a system of compen- sations and balances in alt democrauc enter- rises, and we may ask @s we pass alon, hat become of the money q to the “Orédtt Mobtiter” of tne Union Pacific? Who has got it? It was made dishonestiy in great part; 1t passed out o1 tae hwnus of its accumuiAatoTS with as much speed as they received it, Neither Durant, Ames nor any of the ciel conspirators of . that concera are DOW Iordimaiely rich men. land which they acquired has not been used to crasb whe people; bui, on the contrary, there ts no more healiiy radon anywhere in the world than on the tine of the Union Pacinc. TAR RAILROAD BULLDER 18 generaily & bart-listed, untutimidated chap from the Lrontiers, Who makes up 28 ALNd that he will have a fortane or die. He lays asiie ms original Modesty, becomes by volitron a pollucan and a crowder, and, conleteratiag with nimsell two or Lnree boon spirits, appears at Wasinagion wiih whe motto of Richeieu—that in the pright iexicon of | cueek there 13 20 such word as sail, He iiwnts une + next man’s job and the great job before him and the littie jod underneata, m order ‘to get in”? ‘To use the words of one o: our Washingtoa strikers, he tust be “let into tats 10d or uhat Joo or he wil bust trem.” Alter being lampooned and mortified, deprived of the company of nis wite and family, ving in some cheap back attic without fire, and an eye- sore to pubhe men ol every sort, this interminable bore, paying such Costly pénaities 1n¢ myfort and in character, attains hisend. He builds pis road and the people gel 1, aad, perhaps, at last, he has Made no more net money than it ne bat stack to congenial wheeiwrizghtiag or biacksinituing in tae town irom wheace he was derived, THE RAILKOADS AND THE INDIAN ‘TERRITORY. Senator Clayton, of Arkansas, a gamey, jovial, talented littie mun, with @ tierce Inustacoe and one aru, sae that Arkansas, Uder raliway envoarage- meni, atter lying in the fa:low as a slate inirty-live Years, is commy out popuioas and vigorous, Half @ dozen railways are beimg pushed through it, most of uhem running southwestwardly toward fexas, and only she opening of the iniiiap Cg Ae needed to muke It a State as conseq ential as Mis- sissippt or Lowsiaua, ihe present census shows about 485,0,0 people im Arkansas, of Whom 422,000 are colored. Ciavien says that there are now gatoered along the border ol the Inaten Territer, thousands of enterprising peopie, pauentiy walting etther for the ladans to take @ second thon nt and oven their land to material enterprises or for the govera- ment to break down the vel of barbarism ard let ths locomotive waistle scream throuzb the squairl camp of Cherokee, Creek ana Pottawut- tomie. the same is the case on the Kansas line of ! the Indian Territory and on the Missouri ime, and even in Texas and Colorado. The rauroad com. pany which has taken tne Initiative, with apie counse aud the sympathy of the Suuthwest at ite back, #s'the Atiantic and Pacitic road, wich was chartered to run along the thirty-tiith paraiiet aa to Sania Fé and southern Cailiorma in THE ENTERING WEDGE. ‘That road was to begia at. Sprugield, Miss., and to pass by Albuquerque, with a Uranch Ww Sania Fé, and 1% had to buitd through tue Gzark Moun- tains sor a very great distance, Without receiving an acre Oi laud frum Lhe nawonal domain, a little assistance, however, from tue Stale of Mis- sourl, 1 18 now completed, fully equipped and fa successful operation to Vinita. ‘thtryy- five miles west Of Missouri, witain the ludian country, @& total distance of 365 miles, Ibis in gieat part @ New York road, directed ior- merly by Hayes, as president, now im tie haads of Crecker, an, Stout. Stearus, Fred Bilttags, Robinson and oiners. ‘these gentiemen take we buil by the horas, and without prevarication deciare their intentions to Congress—which are, 1n@ word, to break up the present character of tue Indian Ler- nitory and bring it into tue nation, with a deegate ander guailar condiuions to Culorato WHAT THE INDIANS ‘THINK OF THE TOCOMOTIVE, The Indians themseives are ina slate of division and coninsion as to whether the preseut sor, of moiley government vy chiefs 2ud tribes snail go on, or whether they sual: bail their adaissionto Ameri- can C.lizenship, amd derive irom tueir lanus— waten ate now scarcely cultivated at all. vut are richly producuve, while without faciit- Yes tw @end their crops to market—a fur @egree of wealth in consonance with the surrounding populations. Perhaps the most an- telligent Cherokee that we have seen ver: 38 Goionel HKoudinot, Me was esucated at Yale Coliege, and is of mixed ‘French and indian descent, He nas puv- lished in the Wasmingion papers of this day we nawes of the most inieiigent and wealthy Chero- kees who urge that the tarce of che Indiun Territory be stopped and the naurraily intelligent indians there be given the advantages 01 ass: ciation and Competition witn whites. If ts bedoue the At- laniic and Pacific Ratiroad will puso seraizht on to the West, whereas, ab present, it has belore it 300 niles or tore right of way through Indian reserva- tious where there is no trade, no travelling. no power to educe acy business or scarcely to drive the white iuan’s caitle. iu orief, the road as48 the extinguisiment of the Indian Utle and compliance with the terins Of its ouarter, which Were that it should have aiternate sections on each side of the track in this tract, a8 elsewhere, when tne Indians were agreed. WHAT 19 THE INDIAN TRRRITORY? The Indian Territory embraces 70,000 sauare miles, which is mure than all the New England States combined, and is surrounded by 4,000,000 of white peopie. I. is populated solely by 65,000 red men. mempers of twenty oud tribes, each claiming @ distinct orzanization and occupying @ separate reservation, They differ widely tn dezree of civiliza- won. The Onerokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks, Seminoles, Poltawatiomies and o*hers are fairly civilized; have stopped war and hunung, have fixed habitations, raise stock, caltivate tne soll, have schoots, written laws and afew churches. Some of their chief men have beea educated eastern schools, The rest are-all “olanket indiana;” and among them toe Kiowas, Comancaes and Apacies, as well as the Cheyennes and Afrapatioes, engage in war with each otoer and their white neignbors. All the tribes are steadily diminishing mm numbers, The Chero- kees have declined m ten years from 26,000 to 16,000, and the Creeks from 20,000 to 14,000, ‘There 1s no way ior white man to ps any nation but by marrying an indian woman, 1th atl the accretions from nm foreign in. dians, &¢., they decrease steadily two per cent, Property does not exist in any considerable d The Indian right ts inalienable, and out of 22,00 1,000 acres but 6,000 were caltivatedin any manger during 1870, The amount cultivated does not exceed one: fiftieth of tne respective reservations, A citizen of @ neignhhoring Stave can nether own, pucchase nor live upon lands in this Territory or make a pind- ing contract respecting any character of property with ita inhabitants. No one can trade there without @ government lieense and also ine consent ot the legislative council of the tribe ne Seeks 10 do business with. This with the Cherokees has never yet been granted. Even the right to drive stock trom fexas to a State Norin or Kast i subject to the consent of the trives, and whenever permitted burdened with an onerous tant. The government of the Territory is divi ted between une Tew agents of the United States who are oacked by milttary, and manage: only its external relations, and a oande of connec! reguiations and traditions by which the Indians the wselves regulate tneir im- ternal affairs. Very poor order exists. The sieany current of Westera emigration thus presses against & paralielogram of goo! land, twice as Jarge as Ohio, capabie Of gustarning, in the ratio of Onio’s Inhapitancy, 5,000,000 of souls, aod Not only a iaw unto themselves and a nuisance unto themselves, but annihilaung Commercial intercourse among tie States which surround them. Rignt or wrong, it 18 piain that this tnmz cannot go on. Voir y-five years ago thes? same trives—the Creeks and Uhero- kees—attempterl in Georgia to maintain an rde- pendent goverament, and the United States sn- preme Court susiained them with 1s decision; but the people of Georgia set at naught the government, and executed au indian who nad commited a mar: der under State jaws, and showed that, ander the inexorable law of progress, @ neutral empire can- not exist, surrounded on all sides by an aggressive democracy. ‘These indians will be all the richer and their ca- ity for progress better developed when, ander ie very liverai bills lutroduced into Congress by such men as Senaiwr Riee and tho Missourl Representatives, Wells and Havens, they become an American Territory; and even then, according to Wells? bill, they cannot be overcome uy opular sadrage, but each trive, as @ tribe, under its own tribal regulations, Will send ‘elegates to the territorial counct!, and the Indian mghts which exist in severaity will be respected. When tails ferritury Js established, a8 it mevitabiy wil be, within foar years, it will be crossed in half a dozen directions by roads leading from Chicago, St. Paul and st. Lours to the Gud and to Wexico, and by ruais from Avkansas peuétrating to Culorado, lo Kansas and to New Mexico, ‘Thus the great eptc of railway butiding ts enacted ‘under our eves, and alithe influences and power of our time are coniederate| to make us a homoge- nevus nation, With Copious mtercommunication, with compeutive jaciilles forthe distrivution of our population, and to make the Wilderness plossom line the ruse, GOVERNMENT ARMS FOR SALE.—The Davenport (Towa) Gazette says tnat Colonel Flagter nas veen lustrucied to seit all the old-style gans, muskets, re- volvers and accoutwements bow siored in (ae Rock Island Arsepal, tue zovernmeat faving decided to use ouly vreech-loading Gre-urma of &@ uniform de- bitte The Grand Worthy Patriarch of the Sons of Tem- [neon of the Stale of New Jersey, Kev, 0. Harwanit of New Bronswick, 18 arranging fot Visils tu Givisions 10 Various parts of the State with @ View of reviving (he euergies OF Te MeMbers tO Invreased 6Xx¢Cruonse THE RUSSO-GERWAN ALLIANCE. The German and the Old Russian Parties. German Sympathiecs of the Emperor and the French Sympathies of the Herr Apparent— Enormous Warlike Preparations—What For!—The Oaly Ground on Which Two Great Parties of the Em. pire Can Mest as Friends. Moscow, Jan. 10, 1872. ‘You will have recetved, long ere this reaches you, the substance of the Emperor's speech upon the reception of pis illustrious German visitors, who came to assist at the solemnities with which St. | George’s Day is always celebrated in Russia, ‘The Czar having decided to decorate Von Moitke and Prince Frederic Charles with the cross of the Order of St. George in acknowledgment of thelr distin- guished mulitary teients, their presence became of course necessary at St. Petersburg, not only to receive the decora‘ion, but as a matter of etiquette, upon the occasion of the cere. monies attendaat upon the annua! colebration of Russia's patron saint. There are only ‘about ten or twelve persons in Europe wearing the decoration of tats Order ; it #8 only conferred for great miktary merit, and the honor attaching to it is considered as wreat or greater than that of the Tron Cross. The fact of the Cyar having coaterred this honor on two German Generals, when many people supposed Chere was no good feeling oxisting Detween tue two governments, is avery significant ‘one, The Emperor's speech is more significant stl, and the German party nere are jubilant over THE NEW ALLIANCE, ‘which they cousider an accomplished fact. These two great empires that, together, are able to dely te world, are, it would seem, about to form ‘an aihance, Offensive and defensive, tor the ostensivle purpose of maintaming peace uhroughout Europe, Whether they are sincere or not in their provessions of peace and good will to men remains to be seen, But it is @ curious fact ‘that every ulilance entered “into wit this great object m view invariably ends in war. DELUSION OF PEACE ALLIANCES, Peave alltaaces have, up to the present, proved to be a-deision, not to say a fraud, and without in the Jenat attempany to cast:suspicion upon the sincerity sof their lmperial Majesties when they cry peace, Wo May yet be permitted to doubt the near approach of the milileunlum, the more so as the Russan government has within the last few weeks ordered @ new levy of troops, which will ‘add @ contingent of nearly three hundred thowsand men to the present standing army— & measure Which has anythtug but a peaceful look. The army 18 vow composed of about eight hundred thousaad men; this number will thus be augmented to nearly eleven hundred thousand—a most formida- ble array for a peace footing. Waarever ve tae ulumate object or result of this German alliance there ts little donbt that 1t will be acco;npusned, If indeed the two contracting parties have not already signed tne terms of the compact. The oftictat organ of the government has within the last few days been publisaiag a scriesof articies, in which, under cover of a general review of the politi- cal siuation of Kurope, it-austains most cordially an alliance With Prussia, or, more properly speak- ing, with Germany, Casung a retro- spective glance over the history of the last «hundred = yeats the writer eners into @ short discussion of the system of politics kuown a3 THE HOLY ALLIANCE; shows why it was brought avout; hew Russia only Temaimed trae to it, while the other Powers, in- fluenced by various interested motives, fell off one by one, or only kept up semblance of loyalty in order to deceive, He claims that Eugiand first showed sigus of detection, fearimg the influence of Russia in’ the East: then Ausina durimg tto Turkish war in 1829. Tne revolutions of 1830-'40~48 achieved the overthrow of tue system; bat the Russians, suit fattnfat to the old compact, clung to tue delusion untill the Crimean war awakened them to the sterm reality that tuey had only been hugging a corose. Through all these Various vicissitudes and changes, these wars and revolutions, the writer Clauns thas Prassia and Prussia ony showed hersel a firm friend to Russia. ‘That, iess free then than a6 present, restrained by lack of strength and crammeiled by her rivairy Wit Avsitla in the German Diet and by asenti- ment of nationality that revolted at tne idea of separaundg irom German Ausira, 84e Could not then, as LOW, dictate terms to mer nelhoors; out that upon every occasion sne used ner tafuence in favor of Russa, restraiaing the other Powers where sne could notpreveat them overstepping the bounds of Tigut, aud snowed herself loyal and true to the compact se had entered into. WHY HUSsIA AND PRUSSIA SHOULD BE FRIENDS, ‘kne soilowing remardanle pasiages occur in the last of tnese articles, and I bave vhoagnt it worth while to transiate them, in order tosaow some. ting O1 the spirit by Which they are animated ;— We do not for,et that In the midst of this {I!-concealed hos- Uilty, which Was maniiested on ail sides, Prussia was tie enly “ower that tried to remain fultous, We say trie ly and thut aioue was not witaout danger nor merit, Prussia Was not then as ire6 of action as she is to-day. She was tr oy her rivalry with Austria in the Gercan Diet, where the iater Vower arrozated to herself the right of pro- tecting German interests on the Danuce, She was bound & sentiment of German nationality, which re volted at the idea of separating from German via, and it was om thus that, in spite of her good totention: she was urag.ed on by Austria, while at the same tims fue restralued’ that Power in the course she w-# pursuing. We have uot forgotte: the good-will thus shown us, and think we are not gota too far when we conelnde that if the Erussta ot shat vime-bad been the Prussia ot to-day the graud idea tira put Lorch in the Conierence of Bamsery—tuat of constituting Germany into ane ,reat maderating Powor, capavie of arresting and preventing war in Europe by turow- jug her welght into the bance ayainat the frat aggressor— would have Leen very near Ks realization. Jt would have preserved Kuss (roman unjust war and Europe from a Senaciegs consict, waich has been the starting pont of all of {ts auosequent agiadons, * * ¢ ‘these two Powers are, by tueir force and respective positions, the best adapted to play @ preponderating and conservative part, Their interests are neary enough coincttent to mi them prerer concord to coniitet, but_ not enongt no to ren tuelr aulance a menace to the rest of Evrope. They are powersul enough to inspire mutaal respect and esteem, uut neither isin acundition to tink of moworhing the other, ‘Theae conaitions are the most favorable to the emabtishment of laxtme and mutually benencial reations between the two ccunttigs; aud woah, as ie the cage, they are sustained by w zand wointerrupted course of loyal and sraigatiorward deaiing, of wiiua services kinaly rendered, and by the cun- finnai frendiy disyositions, as shown In the recent visn of our German guests, these reiatious may,be considered as of the most siucere and aurab.e Kind, PRESENT INTENTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT. As Wiese articies Lave appeared in tne oficial organ of the government, Wiich 13 supposes to be directed aud Inspued by Gorischakoll himsel!, they may be regarded as @ pretty sure mudex of the m- tentioas of the government, Indeed this ailiance has its raison d’evre; for although there will be, sooner or later, & clas of interests between them ou Whe Baliic, there 13 for, the present no sabject Jor Gispate; and, vesides, What Is more conancive than a coself-kule alliance to & bitter aad compli- cated quarrel ? TWO GREAT PARTIES IN RUSSIA. Lhave already spoken of the German party here, and it may be as wel to site that Russia 13 divided, curlously enough, ito two great a sabject of German nauonality, German sentiment and sympai Aud tus 18 the only positive line of demarcation between the parites at present. On every otner subject the various reiorms inaugurated by tue govern.vent, mere 18 BUCH & diversity of opinioa among ail Ciasses and conditions of society, Lnose Whom we saould expect would have nearly tne same views are #0 widely divergent in scatiment, Urac it 18 Impossible to draw any Well-defaed party Iiues or make any we classilication of the masses, puiiticaily spit . except ou this one pot. flery, however, ue boundaries are broadiy Inarked and easily traced. ‘THE GERMAN PARTY. By tho German party is not to be understood real Germans alone, ol whom there are a great mauy in, the country, but that portion of the Russian populae tion ovarnig Germau names and descenced from: iltzation that can give a man the hey do not hesitate to aftirm thas in inese Ments the Selavonic peoples under the rule of tia and Prussia are far in advance of therr Russian brethrea, that it 18 die to talk oF forming @ tede- Tation of the Selavic races, with Russia as the domtl- nuwnt Power, tor the simple reason that Russta ts be- hind ali the others in the very qualities that could alone give ber the supremacy—enligitenment aud elvitizution, THE OLD RUSSIAN PARTY. In juxtaposition to tms party, acd an strong con- trast with it, are the ot Russians. ane toese may be ranned ine old Russian uobility, Who look With litte favor on this new German alliance, WhO hate the Germans and love te Frcnea i spite of Moscow and tue Crimean war, Wuh them may be classed the great mass or the Russian peopie, who, asilaras they can be supposed to have pourical sentiments and opinions, hate the Germans most bitteriy without probably Knowing why, [t was one 1 the chiefs of Us party Who, when asked by the present Kuperor what he could ao to recompense and Aus Lin jor his dsuuguished services m the Caucasus, replied, “i will pray you, O Sire! to make me Germas,” tuplying that, as the Germans were Obtaining all the oitices and emoluments in the country, be Would onty have to be classed among the favored natonatity in order to obtain any aud every tang he might desire. They beheve ta the future comlederation of all we Sclavic races, with Russia at their head, and per- Naps the uilimate amalgamation of all suese races into one mighty empire, Watch soul ve the means ot carrying CoTistianity and crviltzation to the fare thest confines of Asia, ‘They Delieve in the agglom- eration of races and languages, and tacy say (nat sooner or Javer Europe Wil be di- vided into tiree great and simpic confederations— that of the Lavin races, comprising France, Italy and Spain; that of the feutouic races, comprising Bagiand, Germany and a part of Austria, and chose Of the Sclives, Comprising all the Sctavouic dialects: and people, ic eate m all, one haudred and twepty-five milttous, To tnis end Austria must pe sacriticed wnu divided between the sciaves and the | Germans, and the Turks mast be drivea over the Bosphorus, This is thew dream of the future of Russi, and itis ceriamly nov wanting ii the grand and the suvtiae, 1 have said they look with ite favor on the projected German alliance, may go further and oor that Uhey hute and devest it most cordimily, and would u Within their power, oppose and prevent i, Here im OW, Lhe strougnold of tac Old Kussian party, Si. George's Day Was scarcely ceevrated, because Von Moitke ani Frederick Cuaries were verng Te- celved at St. Petersbu.g with royal honors, and even in tae latter ciiy livell the Llustrigus visitors were hissed While attending the opera. AL PRESENT POWERLESS, But they are for the Moment powerless or nearly 80. When tne Czar says, “7a Choiean all pow their hewds i submission, and they only procest among themselves under cbeir breath, and however mucu they may onject to the course pursued by Lae Czar they never think of Complamiug louder than In whisper. Mut Uiey ide weir time, and if we German party has the present the old KUssLAnS beve Alien upon the ure, lor Muough the 1ormer nave the Keoperor the satier ave the Grand Puke, neir to the throne, who detests the Germans as cordially as the Wupperor loves them, It as.sunl that-ne vas carried its 1¢eling of reyugnance so Tar Wat he nas pul up # noice im Us palace abst. Perersuurg warnins ali whom it may coucern that @ tine of iI ROMANCE OF THE RAGGED MOUNTAIN Born a Pauper, Died a Mii- lionuaire. Strange History of a Snceessfal Speentator- Miller's Love Adventures. STRUGGLE FOR A MISER'S MONEY BAGs, Ricruonn, Va., Feb. 1, 1872. The suit Now pending in ie Circuit Court of this city in the case Of Samuel Miler’s executor vs, The Board of the Literary fand of Virginia, and Robert W. Davidson aad others vs, Samuel Miller's execue tor, 18 attracting much attention nere, in conse- quence of the 1mmense amount of money invotved, about one and a half miluon dotlars, ‘The object of the defendants in the suit is @ recover from the es- (ate all sums not spectally bequeathed tn tho will. THe WILL provides that after the allotment for certain lega- cies mentioned in devall, the residue of the estate Shall be placed in trust to the Board of the Literary Fund of Virginia, for the founding of an agricultural college or school in the county of Albemarle forthe education of tdigeat white children. Tae estate of Mr, Milier 1s valued at over two million dollars, Alter giving several legacies, amountmg to about three hundred thousand dol- Jars, the residuary beques:s vo the Literary Furr amounted to about one million doilars., This bee quest was limited apon the event.of certain contin- gencies occurring to nis Wegitimate cnildren py a woman pamed Mary A, Davidson, and these claum- ing that the contingencies pave happencd, a dit has been filea asking that the supject of the residu- ary bequest be pald over to them by the executor. Another bill has been filed by the exeou.or, asking ‘the Court to coustruc the wil, aud to settie several important quesuons invorving the redemption and ‘satisfaction of some of the legacies, among them tue legacy of $150,000 to the Lynchburg female Orphan Asylum. It iA ansisted that thoss legacies are specifled, and were ailvanced by tue testator in his lifetime by the sa‘e Of stocks which formed the sube ject of the bequest. Jt is farther insisted thas the legacy to the Asylum was satistied by a gift to that institution by the testator mn nis lifetime, and alter twenty-five ronvies Will ge timposed upon any one Who shall Uare to speak German im hts presence, It wreimteu that tus tuperral father caure mto his SOn’s aparcments one dav and ODvervINg the notice, Raid, “ich werde es bezdilen, aber Deutsch will Ich sprechen” (1 wil pay your ine, but | will speak German), Another little Gireumstance Which 13 Lot generally known, and Waicn the German pavers have probably not thought suttctentty interesting to be given to the word, is this:— ANOTHER INCIDENT, When the Grand Duke was passing through Fransiort some two months age tie autuorities of the Lown prepared hm .a recepuon, apartments, iilamimations, &c., and were at the radway station to rece:Ve Nim upon Wis arrival, But he algnved from the train, turned is oack on them, refused to look ut or grect thom, end took apartments in a hotel while awaiting the deparinre .of ure next wan, WHEN A CHANGE WILL BE BEFROPED. It will be seen, therefore, that this party are not wrong in counting upon the tir appacent. His ad- veut to the tarene Will be the signal for a changé of politics fur more comprehensive and important than that whieh Would be the result of the deleat. =or victory of a great arty ID any other country. The Germans, tnerefore, have ouly to calcuiate the probacte leayth of ume the Emperor gas to ve in order to know how long their present alltance will hyld good, THE BMVEROR’S HEALTH. The German party here say he is rebust health and wili reign yet many years, Whereas tie others whisper 1 avout that’ ne ts failing fas!, that ms heuith 18 not so good as could be wished, and that he may possibiy not live loug. This win all duo Yespectand affection, for 1tmust. be acknowledged that even this party does not lack im eilner towards the person O1 their sovereign, although they are op. rian pareniage—even dating buck in many cone 20) ‘years often, more Russian in senument “and feeung than Rassiaus themseives, Numericatly they are, of course, not by anv means so strong as thelr opponents, bus the Kumperor is on their siae, and he Counts ora million, He is so Germau in senuweot and has apparently $0 muca more conthience in the incegriiy, assiduity aud Working Capacities Of this class OL fis subjects that he has given them two-thirds of the ofices in the empire, and has even gone 0 lat as to allow nove but Germaus to be apounecaries or deal in any mauner in drugs or Modicines, giving a @ reason, L benete, that pure Russians are eitier not suiicientiy ‘Weil lastructed im the dangervus art of mixing drags or not suilicien: upright in their deal ings t have she lives of their fellow citizens entrusted Lo theic care, It 1s this party, then, neaded by the Emperor, Who have sympathized witn Gers Many during the late War with Frauce, who iuspired the aiticies 1a the Ofie.q Journal of whiten 1 wave wpokev, ava WhO are rejoiclag in the hupes ol a German ailianve. AS @ rule, they must positively detest the French, aud it 1s a curious fact. that tnis enmity of rale Nas not yet died vut, alvhoush the fanuly wees from which taey spring were tu many Cases racsplanted iuio Russian soil two nundred years ano Lue at wie Kiea of Kussia comimyg the donna: race AMOng He Sciaves, and Mausia has ib bs Ouly Buperiority in tae ars aud “Menace and MdvaRcement i tho progress Of Civ- posed w many Of His progressive and advanced ideas. ‘THF NEXT O7AR. The party 1s not the one, I should judge, to pave the way lo Rustia’s iuture ‘greauness; tor although Many of is aduerents, as the Dolgorowxys aud the Galitzans, have sympasnized wilu and supported ai the reiorms inaugurated by the present Bm- peror, the majority of the party 19 too conservative and bas too much of tne spitit ana presnatces of tne ‘past, too ttle of the mitiative aud enterprise Of the preseut, to pul vussia in a Condon Lo cope With tae nations of the West, Mucn wili depend on the disposiioa of the next Czar, however; for te will have more influence over tue destinies of the country than aay party can possiwly nave under the present order of Un He fas certainly seen too much of the world and has become too well umbued with modern ideas to not iciiow inthe footsteps of bis father, who has done #0 Much for the Crvilizauon OF 1tusstd. THE FUCURE OF THE EMPIRE. Here at teast is one instance in which the benefits of #despoLIC form oO! government may be adauced with evident advantage, whea the head of imac gov- ernment 18 aciaated by a sincere desire to promuie the prosperily and greatacss of the cennury., Were tuis people ieit to theawelves to work out their own destiny tt would take them Centuries, probabty, a3 ivhes England and France, whereas { wiil vencure to predict that if the next Czar fellows in the Sout. steps of his her Kassie Will in thirty years have Taken a position among the nations im point of civilization at commerce only equalied by the United States of America, The only GROUND ON WHICH THRSE TWO PARTIES CAN MUET and agree 1s Lheir undyiug Dalred and detestalion Of tac Lurk, Here, atieast, the hatred ol the vo mon enemy has de them Iriends, and they would une hands cordially, if the Czar bub gave the word, and march enthusiastically upon Consianti- nople in the teeth of Kurope, This Js ap €veut taat Wii assuredly transpire sooner or sater; and, in- deed, tne Kussians are not sone 1a thinking tat tt, time tac Turk snould quit this Mile -coruer of surope, that has bong been au eyesore to Chris- tanity. Even the Turks tnemselyes recognize the insecurity of ineir posiiion. Tucy see tae Anger.of Fate pouting to their uitimate expulsion trom Europe, and they bury thei dead on tte obner side of the Bespuorus. ANOTHER VIOTIM OF TAB CHICAGO FIRE, A Rained Man Cuin His Threat. {From the Chicago Tribune, Feb. 2. James H. Carpenter m an old ana respected cil- zen of Chicago. He came tere wurty yeats aoa poor, siruggliug young man, Who Was determined to make fis Way m ‘the world. He eaterod into bustaess and succeeded. He acquired first a nand- some competency, and afterward weaith, le married and had a famuy growirg up around bim. Kverything went smootnly With fim until ene fatal Mth Of Uctober, When the unsparing demon of fire swept away his foriuae, in common wiih Mousands more, The disaster preyed heavily on the genhe- man’s miad, He became melancholy. Broodn begot ii health, He had a stroke of paralysis ant suifered ternbty from dyspepsia. All this proaueed @ species of Insanity and Tor several Weens his Intends have exercised the closest scrutiny over his Actions, learlag Wat he meditated seit-destrnction, Ou Tucsday he made an attempt on his own lite wich was, however, battled, The excitement mage the execution or his will, exceeding m amount tie value of the legacy. If these legacies shall he heid Specific and advanced It will Increase the residuay bequest. ‘The testator belng @ wan of rather HEMARKABLE TUSTORY asketeh of fis early life would probably prove Mme teresimg. Nr, Samuel Miller was vorn in Aino. marte county, ta locality kuown as “Ragged Mountam,” in the year 1791, of UNMARRIED PARENTS, Ho bore the naine of nis saother, He was born a pauper, but, through years of patient economy and Industry, acoumulated an immense fortune, and at his death left an estate worth over $2,000,000. At an early age he removed ‘to Bedfora county, and remained in the capacity of clerk in @ country store for a few years, when he went to Lynchburg and ‘eygaged m = mercantite lite with B, and J. Perkins, In 1816 he commenced business on tls own account in buying and shipping tobacco, and continued prosperous until 1620, When the Mnancial panic succeeding the ‘war of 1812 swept ‘over the country and he fulied. He, however, managed to matntain his credit, and commenced ‘purckastng stocks und securittes, ID which he was very successft!, and In one year alone his gpecuiatrons amounted to over oue hundred tHonsand dollars, tte conducted mot all Its bust- hess through agents tn whom he had coahdence, and although he Was a good judge of fuman na- ture and One Of the best Inforined merchants In the country, being thoroughly acquainted vt all times with the markets in this country and in Surope, he knew noting of Daw, and entrasted att such matters He was of @ nervous ‘ana excriabis ‘to ins counsel. tem He mneh preierred to ariea Uning wzougn correspondence, “and Ute brief and ported manner. Ore of bis pecuitanities Was Lo obtatn ‘all tite 1afsrmation he desired to secure with as few inquiries #3 possivle, MY, Miller possessed an indoimnttabte j and, though @ contraed dyspeptic, ving Gn the Situplest det, te devoed every thougnt to ihe accumulation’ of wealth and ries and, though lis commerciat transactions Were ‘vast and complicated, yet ws | never profited oy the misery Of Othets in his Hpeca- lations. ife was, a3 nts birth wonld maicare, on uneducated mth, avd Shumed soctely aus even social tntercourse with wien, atd having vurough bis whole ite neglected to enitivate social and moral qaatities, wand, Weing tmerfferent to pubtic opinion, ho BECAME ENAMORED wrrit Mary D. Davidson, ayouug girl of respectable pa- renfage and at tna tine (avont eiguteen yunte siuce) a beauty, sixteen years: of age. Althouwra hunse!f about sixty, ne effected, it aw said, thrown ihe eilorts of Her mother, au intimacy, Wilicl e&- isted unul hits death, Her father, Who was POOR, BUT WONKST, anda man of good character, became mortified, Jost vaste in sucrelty aud euded ins Gays by crime. ing and Gtssipation, Miss Davidson cesitied on Une sume plantaiton'with Mr. Miler. He far for hor aecommodaiion a hone fear its own, aud aleroute SIX tMlegitimate enitdren were the resntt of thet intimacy, Who were bern and grew up in sight or his own home, they were never permitted to siiat his poard “or siéiter under lis roof; yet he provieed for thelr Wants att Was a5 recluse Jrom'them as all the oneside wort, Lhe dtd net for- get them tr his wit, and leits legacy to euch, wudt to the mother $70,000, Wrthin-n fow years previous to Lis death ve vente veys of to divtait schoots and located them eMewhete. fie did not desive inem to remain in the victwity of their iNegiumute birtn, and the more effectually ‘to uccompish ties Betpose he directed that all pro 7 e Kol. He removed from Lynchburg aboat wwenty Years previous to lis death to fe farm about four ioiles dtsiant from Urat city, Where te 16d a secluded: lite and seldom ever leit hts prenuiees, and cercaialy never visited the scene of nis previous acuve operations ‘inore than once or twice during than period, and, although ne rose to tig Aaanewmt post- tton, he preferred seclusion, wilegiog #8 His rewsum at times that fhe destred to prevent mingvince from those wito desired favors, anu sougit aud appre. ckited hint onty for its wealth, Early dvsappotntment ina MATIEMONIAL ALLEANCE Js Sard to have been ine cause oc! is profomnil dis Trvst of soctety, ard Nis want of appreciation ior the genial friends and domestic ¢ircte that constitute the true tlappivess ot lite. He was prectse in his dress, and when engrossed In financtat schemes coull arwars be found in ae upstairs room, scantily furnisned, and seated al am oid secretary, m lis StockKMe {eet, On un UneTr. pered Nour, ctothed in #& shorts roundabout, with Wonds and papers of every description scattered over the floor in profnsion, During the war & man came to bis house aid offered to secure him iil, andali of Wednesday he conthaued togrow worse. He went to ved an | his wife watched jaltn- fuily over him, At haif-past nine o’cioexk yesterday morning the househotd at Mr. Carpenter's rest- dence, 199 West Wasiington street, was started by heuring horrible shiieks issue irom Mr. Carpentor’s bedchamoer. Jn ah instant all Was Coniusion, Kushing into the apartment tag spectators were horrined to see te nead of the house roiling tu a very river of bluod, @ naked and gory razor im his rigit hand. The Weapon was snatched irom hun Wilnout loss ol Lime, A pbysician was summoned aut of nis artival, the Wouads m the wruat of wre would-ve stuclae were examined. It was found tuat the Keen razor had sit the wurdpipe in wo places, bul, #3 by a miracle, the jugular artery es- caped injury. The doctor mstantily sewed vp the unortunate man’s throat and had the patient piaved in his bed, where everything that conid tend vo revive him was done. ‘tne. wounds bled pro- juscly, and the chances are that the untappy gen- Weman canuot survive. Mrs, Carpenter, Wuo had watcued over her tiusband faithfully ever since hts illness, went out for a ew minutes yesterday morn- ing. ‘Taking advantage of her absence Mr. Carpen- ter broke open the drawer of a bureau and secured ‘We turplement wherewith he soasht to end ms ex. istence, ‘The distress of the famuy was dreadful, as the victim of Dis own Msane rasiuess i4 a man of culture and @ very pleasant person wien in his Proper senses, ORISrIELD (MD.) OveT#n TRaDE.—The sailing of the English steamer Saisetie for England with a cargo Ol oysters nas been reported. ‘Tne Salsette took aboard her cargo at Cristeld, Md., for the Lun- dou market. ‘The steamer is a ship of avout tWo thousand tons, sent out by the Fishmongers’ Com fey ot La: (uv procure oysters for repienisning he €Xhausicd oyster beds Of Engiand. Last year the company sent over Mr. Wetierby as its agent, Who went to Urisheid and spent a week thore, This gentieman returned to Engind, carrying with hin several barrels Of oyatersiu the shel. Lhese were imspected lavoravly by toe Fishmougers’ Company and alterwards served up in “every style” at a dite ner given for Loe purpose ot testing their quality. At this dinner Mr, Frank Buckland was present, be wua the other guests were very much pleased with the American bivatves, and so expressed ihemselves, ‘he company thes resolved to send out a steamer aud asvertain whether tie oysiers could be Imported into Englwud in large quantiie Bal tho Saworle Was tlespatcued to Srisuela tor the purpose. an | steamer look on board 13,000 bustels aud cred from Crisfekt direct to London, Siould the oars prove a profitabie one itis likely tne & ss ora Will be carried on aud the oyster trade at Crisileld arvely WOLease the stocks and securities he held m Western states from coutiscation, Suosequently it transprred Unat ure man Was a spy, aid on ts information several hun. dred thousand dollars’ worth of Milicr’s bonds, coupons and dividends were confiseatea by the United states goverament. When General tun army Was advuncing on Lynenburg be Was advis to niove WITHIN THE CONFEDERATE LINES, but declined to do so. His house was visited by the soldicra, who demanded his money and nandied hun roughly, and when they lett carried a large amount of valuabie bonds, after taking the vid Tan's gold watch, spectacies and set of teeun. Many Ol the bonds, however, Were recovered, found strewn @iony Lhe road, and @ Carpel-bag flied with these vaiuavies was fouad gear Lewisvurg, Woot Va., and restored to their owner: ‘Mr. Jesse Miller, of Augusta county, a conatn, w * er, at one time employed by ular as an over: whom he afterwards gave @ farm on to reside; but feeliug a want of confi in his business capacity the legacy entasierdt on him was only @ ute = interest What was leit his family. After Sauuei Miller's o deata he brought swt on the ple tosceni, as the nearest living Dlood relative, clamming all tue residue of the estate except the spechm legacies enumerated in the wil; he claimed one hundred thousand dollars, bat compromised on the payment Of half that sum. He imteaded for many years to found a Female Orphan Asylum in the city of Lynchburg, to com- mence operations after his death. Me appomted tue trustees, however, and gave them one hundred and seventy thousand doilars with wluch to commence operations; aud in lus will lef them one huadred and tity thousand dollars additional, Lae metitu. uon is DOW 1a Drocess Of construction, and being built after the model of S& Luke's sospital, New Yorks iSite © PROPOSED INTERNATION AT BoaT RACK, Last onnnn a meeting ol se commitiees selected by we ‘Analostan, Potomuc and Ariington Boating Olovs of the District was held, wite the view of making at rangements (or the international race between the Bigito brothers, of New Yor« cliy; the Ward broth- ers, of Newourg, N. he Coulter crew, Of Libis. ourg, Pa, and Woe Paris crew, ot New Branswick, Canada, against the Taylor-Winsiip (champiou) erew, of Engiand, Mr, L. Gardner, of the Analos. tan, presided, and R. W. Downinan, of the Potowac, as secretary. After diseassion phe secreta was instructed to communicate with the ditere: American crews in relation to the proposed race, gad to endeavor to have 1b come off in the Wavers of the Potomas.— Wasimnaion Sar, Fev. de