The New York Herald Newspaper, December 22, 1871, Page 3

oy cf —_——__ En DA. LIVINGSTONE. The Expedition of the New York Herald in Quest of the Great African Traveller. A M4 DESCRIPTION OF THE UNDERTAKING. Personnel of the Enterprise and the Forces Composing It. DEPARTURE FROM ZANZIBAR. 4n Extraordinary Young Man from the Mountains of the Moon. LOOR HADJE PALLOO. Into the Wilds and Travelling Among the Savage Tribes of Africa. THE SULTANA OF SINIBAWENNI. Her Majesty’s Demand for Tribute Politely but Firmly Declined. THE TERRIBLE MAKATA SWAMP. Sickness, Death, Desertion and Losses on the Route. LIVINGSTONE REPORTED AT UJIJL Sheikh Abdullah bin Washib’s Ac- count of the Musungu. THE STORY OF SHEIKH THAN!. Sheikh Said bin Salim’s News of the Old Man with the White Beard. WHAT A BALOOCH SOLDIER TELLS Special. Report of the Herald Commissioner Directing the Expedition, Kwiaana, Distgicr OF UNYANYEMBE, duly 4, 1671, Your expedition, sent ont under me, has arrived fm Unyanyempe. Were you living at Zanzibar or OD Ure Wet Afrtoan annet “san. a. bevter wea you now. You would know, without auy ex; MOD, that it bad travelled 6255¢ miles, and U you heard that we bad travelied that great dis- tance within ecighty-two days—a little under three months—you would at once know that we had marched it in a very short ume; but since you and your. readers live in America I must retura to the Island of Zanzibar, close to the coast of Kast Africa, wheuce we started, and give you a brief summary of the incidents and misfortunes which befell us throughout the march. FIRST INSTRUCTIONS, ‘The inatructions which I received from you close bn two years ago were given with the usual brevity pf the Henao, They wore, “Find out Livingstone, and get what news you cao relating to his discov. tries,” But before seeking Livingstone in the un- known wilds of Africa 1 had other orders to fulfil which you had given me, I bad to be present at the inauguration of whe Suez Canal; 1 nad to ascend the Nile to the fist cataract; 1 had to writo full ac- counts of what I had seen and what wis done—s guide to Lower and Upper Egypt. From Egypt! ‘was instructed to go to Jerusalem, write up what Warren was discovering under that famous city; Vnence Inad to proceed to the Crimea, whence | was to send to you desoriptions of Sebastopol as it Btands to-day, of the graveyards in and about It, of the battle-flelds where England and France met Russia in the shock cf war, This done, 1 bad to Gravel through the Caucasus, visit Turkestan, ond out what Stoletom and the Russians were doing to- wards the conquest of the Oxtas valley, and then @dvance towards India. Next I had to travel through the length of Persia, and write about the Euphrates valiey, the railroad that has been on the tapis solong, and its prospects. Lastly, I had to gail to the Airican coast, and, according as circum- stances guided me, SESK OUT LIVINGSTONE ‘and ascertain from him what discoverics he had made—only auch facts as he would be ploased to five to one who had made-suoh efforts to reach him. Quickly and briefly as tne instructions were given by vou their performance required time and a large expenditure of money. What I have already ac- complished has required nineteon months, AT ZANZIBAR, Tarriyed at Zanzibar on the 6th of January of This year, and at once set about making the neces sary inquiries from parues who ought to know bout the whereabouts of Dr. Livingstone. The most that Ioouly gleam was that he was in the weighborhiood of Ojiji, which wasa little over 900 amiles from the coast, 1% would never do to return to Bombay or Aden with such scanty and vague news after the time and monoy expended tn reach. tng Zanzibar, Why, all the world knew or supposed puch to be the fact, Whatwasilto do? Go by all means, and never to return unless I could better such information. Go I did, ORGANIZING AY EXPEDITION. Ie occupied me a month to purchase such things as were necessary and to organize an expedition to collect such information a8 would be useful to me ‘on the long marob and would guide me in the new sphere in wntch I found myself, The expense which you Were incarring frightened me conside @bly; but then ‘obey orders if you break owners" is ‘@ proverb among sailors, and one which I adopted, Besides, | wastoo far from the telegraph to notily ou of such an expense or to receive further orders from you; the preparations for the expedition there- fore went on. Eight thousand dollars were ex- ended in purchasing the cloth, beads and wire mecessary in my dealings with the savages of the cerritories through which I would have to traverse, Af cach tribe Has its peculiar choice of cloth, beads and wire, much care was to be bestowed in tne selec- 410m and arrangement of these things; also one had to be careful that an over great quantity Of any one kind of cloth or beads should not be pur. ‘ohased, otherwise such tuings Would soon become a Goren sear of travel and cause a waste of ‘The varions kinds of Leads roquired great Mme to learn, forthe women of Africa arc a8 fas- Moalous in their tastes for beads as the women of New York aré for jeweiry. The measures also had fo ve mastered, which, seéing that it wasan en- tirely new business in whion | was engsged, were Father complicated, and perplexed me considerav!y for a time, ‘THE MILITARY FORCE. These things haying been purchased, arranged would have @ much what the above few words meant tbun NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1871—TRIPLE SHEET. and adjusted 1”, nates and packages, there remained for me tO Y aise a gmall company of faithful men, Wno sh0"y1q act as soldiers, guaras to the caravan and ‘eryants whon necessary. Some of Speke’s fa)" nfals and Burton’s soldiers yet lived in Zanzibar. «hese were found out by Johari, the American Con- Sul’s dragoman, and, as they were willing to accom- pany me, were immediately engage1. Bombay, the honestest of black men who served with Burton, And subsequently with Speke, was commissioned captain and ordered to collect a company of twenty men, in which he succeeded most udmiraply. All these men are with me to-day, I could not have been better served by any set of men than I have by these faithful people. By twos anc threes I sent them out wiih the carriers as they were collected , and entrusted to them my bales of cloth, bags of beads and co;ls of wire, which you must recollect are as gold, silver and copper money in africa. ‘Three months afterward I found évery bale, every bag of beads, every coll of wire m Unyanyembe, 525 3g miles from Bagomoyo, their initial point on the African coast. ARMS were purchased for these men who were to be my soldiers; a musket, a hatchet, a knife, a shot pouch and powder flask, flints, bullets and powder were to beserved out toeach man. Then there were cooking utensils and dishes, tents to cover the property during the rainy season, whicn was fast approach- ing, to be required. In order to guard agajnst CONTINGRNCIES, such contingencies as might very possibly arise— viz: lack of carriers on the coast, one very grave one—I was obliged to purchase twenty-five donkeys, in which task I had to be careful lest any worthless animals mtght be passed on me. ‘Twenty-five saddles for the aoukeys had to be manufactured by myself, or by such men as could understand what kind of saddles I needed, for there were nothing of the kind ovtainaple at bar, ‘To assist me in such work, and in tasks of similar nature, I hired two white men, satiors, who had been mates of ships—one an Englishman and the other a Scotchman—and having cut the canvas for the saadies and cloth for the tents, gave to these practical men the task tosewthem up. After they had finished their work I re-engaged them to ac- company me to Africa, to fill the respective duties of first and second mates, As I had the success of THE NEW YORK HERALD EXPEDITION near and dear to my heart, constant thinking about it and the contingencies that might arise to prevent its succeas, over and over I had long sketched its maron from the sea coast to Ujiji, and knew almost as'we!l as if I had been there before what kind of diMoulties J should meet, The following is one of my sketches madé@ op board ship while coming to Zenzivar:— CALOULATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. “One handrea pagasis will be required to convey cloth, beads and wire enoagh to keep me and my soldiers for one year and to pay expenses, such as ire of fresh pagazis, &c.; twenty men, to act as guards or soldiers; ity bales of cloth, ten bags of beads and fiye loads of wire, tor food and pagazi hire. In three months will try to reach Unyan- yembe. Shall stop in Unyanyembe two weeks Probably. From Unyanyembe is one month's march to Ujjl, on the ‘‘anganyika Lake, And after!—where is iivingstone? If Liv- ingstone is at Ujiji my work is easy. I wil get what information I can and return to’ Unyanyembe. The race is now for the telegraph. It is three months to Zanzibar, and from Zanzibar, as I was three months coming to Zanzibar from Bombay, Imay be three months going from Zanzibar to Bombay. That will not do. We will try another road. To Lake Victoria N’Yanzs from Unyanyentve is twenty-six days. By doat to Uganda’ would be fifteen days. From Uganda to Gondokoro twenty days. From Gondo- koro by Duhabech down the Nile to Cuiro forty or Ofly days, Ihave then the telograph trom Unyan- yembe to Bombay from five to six months, from Unyanyembo three to four months, ‘the latter route ts the best by far. “Again: | Have reacned Djij!. Whereis Livingstone? He may bo ta Marunga, Ubembe, Ugahha, Usige, Urundi or somewhere elec on the other side of the Lake Tanganyika, Shall I expose my mission, use reqt . speed, tof she ofa ing Kani or = sane so teryam No. 1 shall take my*-ewa boat fr “Zanzibar, carry it with me % © Ujijl, aud with it searohiite coast from U;tjt to Marungu, Marungu to usige, Usige to Ujij!, for the long absent Livingstone, and the same boat shall carry me rom Muauza, at the soutnern extremity of the lake, to the Ripon Falls, the point where tie Nile issues out of the N’ Yanga." ‘TRE BOATS OF THR EXPEDITION. This was one of many sketches I made, ani the one I adopted for my guidance. I purchased two boats in Zanztbar—one twenty-five fect long and aix feet wide, the other ten feet long and four and a half feet wide, I stripped them of thelr boards, and packed up the timbers, or ribs, with a few of the boards, keel, stem nd stern pieces, thwarts and knees, which should be screwed together as the boat was required, and covered with double canvas skins well tarred. These ‘were my boats, and having such men as sailors with me {doubted not but they could be made to answer, In the absence of anything better they mast be mado to answer, BEFORE LEAVING ZANZIBAR Captain Francis K. Webb, United States Consul, in- troduced me to Syed Barghash, Sultan of Zanzibar and Pomba, After a very kind reception, besides furnishing me with letters to Sald Bin Salim (for- merly Ras Cafilah to Benton), now Governor of Unyanyembe, and Sheikh Bin Nastb and to all his Arab subjects, he presented me with an Arab horse, Mr. Goodhue, an American gentleman, residing at Zanzibar, also mado mo & present of a blooded horse, imported from the Cape of Good Hope. To the other American gentlemen—Mr. Spalding, Mr, Morse and Mr. Sparnawk—1 am indebted for many oourtestos, but more particularly to Captain Webb and Mrs, Webb, whose many kindnesses were in- numeravie. (t was at Captain Webb's house I lived for a montb, and during that time his forbear. ance knew no bounds; for, as you may imagine, I ittered his house with tons upon tons of bulky material of cloth, beads, wire, tar, canvas, tents, utensiis and a thousand other things, THE DEPARTURS FROM ZANZIBAR, On the niorning of the 6th of February, one month after arrival at Zanzibar, a feet of dhows bore the expedition and its effects from the Island of Zanzi- var to Bagomoyo, on the main land, distant about twenty-five aiiles r rom tne island, We were DETAINRO AT BAGOMOYO nearly two months for lack of suMicient pagasis; but as fast as they were obtained a small number was at once fitted out.aud despatched to the interior under guard of two or three soldiers, But despite the utmost efforts and double prices which I paid in order to induce the pagazis or carriers the collect- ing together of overa hundred men proceeded but slowly. The reason of this was that the cholera, which last year desolated Zanzibar and the coast, had frightened the Oranyamuezi from coming to a place where tney were almost certain to meet their fate. They wore but just recovering from the effects of their fear when the expedition disem- barked at Bagamoyo, TUE PAGAZIS OF THE LAND OF THE MOON. Asimust employ the word pagaai often in this letter | bad best expiain what the word means, A pagaziis a Kinyamueai word for “oarrier”—one who carries ivory or any other goods on nis shoulders, ‘Yhis useful person is the camel, the horse, the mule, the ass, the train, the wagon and the cart of East and Central Africa, Without him Salem would not obtain ber ivory, Boston and New York their Afri- can ebony, their frankincense, myrrh and gum copal, He travels regions where the oa! could notenter aod where the horse and the ass could not live, He carries the maximum weight of seventy pounds on his shoulders (rom Bagomoyo to Unyanyembe, where he belongs, for which he oharges from fifteen aoti to twonty-five dott of American sheeting or Indian calico, dyed olue, Called kam Ki, mixed with other cloths, imported from Musoat and Outen, equal to from $7 60 to $12 560, He 1s therefore very expensive to a traveller. Por the carriage of my goods [ had to dispurse nearly two thousand dol ) worth of clotn, Tie pagaai belongs to Unyanmezi (Land of the Moon), an extensive country in Central Africa, ia whico Unyanyembe, the central depot of the Arabs, is situated, and which all caravans for the interior must reach, and where they must obtain fresh Telava of cassiera before they cam proceed furtner, The doti in which he is paid, and which ts equiva- lent to hts dollar, measures four yards, A shukka is halfa doti, or two yards, The proprietor of a caravan purchases his cloth by the baie, or gorah. A gorah of Merikani (a corrapted name for Ameri- can shecting) means a piece of Merikant of thirty yards, into which they are folded up by the mills of Salem and Nashua, N. H. The gorah, therefore, contains seven ana @ haif aoti, or fifteen shukka, TWO MONTHS AT BAGOMOYO, During the two months we were halted at Bago- Moyo there was plenty of work for us. The eight thousand yards of American sheeting which I had purchased had to be made invo bales for the Pagacis. A bale is a package of cicth weigh- ing not more than seventy pounds, wherein pieces of American sheeting must be latd in layers alternately with the cloths of India, Cutch and Muscat; so that if one bate or two are lost you do not 108e too much of one thing, which might by aud by prove fatal to your enterprise, When the cloths are thus ‘aid in alternate layers and the scale indicates the maximum weight a dots of cloth spread out receives them, and after being tied or pinned over it neatly it 1s then bound as firmly as Possible with coir rope ana pounded by two men ‘until the bale is one solid roll, three and @ half teet long, a foot wide and a foot deep, It ts then taken and put in @ makanda, or @ mat bag, until the pagazi coming for his load and hire cradles it im three long sticks arranged in a fork to receive it, and binds the fork firmly on the bale, for the purpose of protecting the bale from injury from Wet, moisture and white ants and for the convent- ence of lifting it on his shouider and stacking tt when his day’s march is over. Beads are placed in long narrow backs of domestics, and not more than sixty-two pounds are put in the bag, as the bead load 18 not so flexible as the cloth bale, Wire ts conveyed in cotls—six colis generally considered a handsome load—averaging sixty pounds, It 1s arranged for carriage, 1p saree coils, at each end of & five-foot poe, LIFE AT BAGOMOYO. My life at Zanzibar 1 thought hard, bat my two months at Bagomoyo a convict at Sing Sing would not have envied. It was work all day, thinking all nignt; not an hour could I call my own. It was a steady grind on body and brain this work of staring. I state with truth, now resting at Unyanyembe, after the fatigues of the long march, after the dangers and vexations we have suffered, that I would prefer the three months’ march, with all its horrors, anxieties, swamps and fevers, to the wwo months’ preparation for the expedition [had at Bagomoyo. The greatest trouble’ of all that I endured at Bagomoyo—1 am sure you will smile at the thought—was with my agent, who obtained me my pagazis, without wnom I could not have started even to this day, probably never; for had Istayea so long I would have thrown up the job as impracticable and would have committed suicide by putting my head ing barrel ofsand, whica I imagine to be a most easy death, ana one I gratul- tously recommend to all Would-be suicides, Smile now, please, when I tell you that his name was SOOR HADJI PALLOO, and his age nineteen, During my whole stay at Bagomoyo this young gave me more trouble than all the scoundrelism of the city of New York gives to its Chief of Police, Half a dozen times a day I found him in disnonesty, yet the boy was in no way abashed by it; otherwise there had been hopes for him, Each day he conceived @ new sys- tem of roguery. Every instant of nis time seemed to be devoteu to devising how to plunder me, until I was at my wits’ end how to thwart or check him. Exposure before the people brought no shame to his cheeks, A mere shrug of the shoulders, which I was to interpret any way I pleased, was tle only root he gave that he heard me, A threat to re- juce his present had no effect on him—“a bird in the hand was worth two in the bush; 60 $10 worth of goods stolen from me was worth 4 promise of $20 when his work should be finished, Several times @ day the young Hindoo dog escaped @ sound thrashing because 1 knew his equai for col- lecting pagaals was not to be found. Will you be- eye it, that after the most incomparable rascality, at the end of two months he had escaped a fogging and received @ present of money for his services ? ‘The reason was, et Jast be hud released me from torment and 1 Was Iree-to @o FREE TO GO! ‘The convict free to go alter @ protracted imprison- ment—the condemned man on the scaffold, with the awful cord dangling before his eyes, the execution- ers o/ the dread sefteuce of the law ready to per- form their duties, when told he was at liberty to de- part, could not feel keener pleasure than I felt when my business was concluded with Soor Hadjt Pal- loo apd I felt myseli at liberty to depart on my mis- sion. Five caravans had already been despatched— four under the protection of soldiers, the Mth under the Scotchman who acted as my first mate, The sixth and last was to be led by myself. Burton and Speke arrived at Zanzibar in 1867, in January—the same montn that J, fourteen years later, bad arrived, But as the masika, or rainy season, Which lasts for forty days, was then araw- ing near, they preferred to wait on tho coast and defer their departure until after tne masika, It was not until the 16th Juae that they left Zanzibar for Kaole (three miles below Bagomoyo), and not until the 27th of the same month that they made the great start, the pagazis, soldiers and donkeys hay- Ing been coliected for them by Ladha Danyée, the most infuential man in Zanzibar, second only to the Sultan of the island. But my mission was one that required speed; any delay would render it valueless; immediate departure was essential to success—departure from the coast—after which my movements would depend in a great measure on my own energy. Forty days’ rain and @ 200 milo swamp must not prevent the New York HERALD correspondent from marching, now that the cara- van is ready. ONWARD, On Saturday, the 1st of April, exactly eighty- three days after arrival at Zanzibar, the sixth caravan, led by myself, left the town of Bagomoyo for our first journey westward, with “Forward” for its mot de guet and the American flag borne aloft by the Kirangozt or guide of the caravan. As it defiled out of the town we bid a long farewell to the dolce Jar niente of civilization, to the blue sea and its open road to home and tothe hundreds of dusky spectators who were gathered to witness our depar- ture with repeated salvos of musketry, THE EXPEDITION ON THB MARCH, ‘The caravan which I Jed consisted of ten pagazis, carrying the boats; nine soldiers, under Captain Bombay, in charge of seventeen donkeys and their Joads; Selim, my boy interpreter; a Christian Arab from Jerusalem, who had been with me through Persia; one cook and sub from Malabar, and Shaw, the Engiish sailor, now transformed intoa rear guard and overseer, mounted on a good riding donkey; one dog from Bombay, called Omar, from his Turk- igh origin, who was to guard my tent at nightand bark at insolent wagogo, if not to bie their legs—a thing he is very likely to do—and, lastly, myself, mounted on the splendid bay horse given me by Mr. Gooahue, the mtongl leader, the thipker and re- porter of the expedition. Altogether THE BXPBD:TION NUMBERS three white men, twenty-two soldiers, four super- numeraries, with @ transport train of elghty-two pagazis, twenty-seven donkeys and two horses, con- veying fifty-two bales of cloth, seven man-loads of wire, sixteen man-loada of beads, twenty loads of boat fixtures, three loads of tents, four loads of clothes and personal baggage, two loads of cooking utensils and dishes, one Joad of medicines, three of powder, five of bullets, small shot and metallic car- tridges; three of instruments and small necessaries, such as soap, sugar, lea, coffee, Liebig's extract of meat, pemmioan, candies, &c., which make a total Of 116 loada—equal to eight and @ half tous of ma- terial. THE WRATONS OF DRFENCR which the expedition possesses consist of one double-barreled surooth bore No. 12, two American ‘Winchester rifles or “sixteen shooters,”’ two Starr's preeoh-loading carbines, one Jocelyn breech-loader, one elephant rife, carrying balls eight to the pound; two breeob-loading revolvers, mty-four flint Jook muskets, six single-barrelled pistols, one battie axe, two swords, two daggers, one boar spear, two American axes, twenty-four batchets and twenty- four long Knives, FITTED UP WITH CARB, The expedition has been fitted up witn care; what- ever was needed for its success was not stinted; everyining was provided; nothing was done too Durneds, ot everything Was Durcbased, CoLleqved, manufactured and compounded with the utmost despatch consistent with efficiency and means. Should it fail of success 10 its errand, of rapid mareh- | ing to Ujijiand back, it must simply happen from an acciaent which could not be controlled, 80 much for the personnel of the expedition anc ‘ts | Purpose. THE WHITE MAN'S CARAVAN. We left Bagomoyo, the attraction of all the cart- ous, With noisy eclat, aud de‘iied up @ narrow lane shaded to twilight by the dense umbrage of two Parallel hedges of muriosas, We were all in the highest spirits—the soidiers sang extempore, the Kirangozt lifted his voice intoa loud, bellowing note, and fluttered tne American flag, which told all on-lookers, “Lo, @ musungre’s (white man) caravan,” and my heart, I thought, palpitated Much too quickly for the sobriety of a leader. But I could not help it. The enthusiasm of youth sull clung to me despite my travelled years, my pulses bounded with the full glow of staple heaitn; behind me were the troubies, which had harassed me for over two months; with Soor Hadjt Patloo I had said my last word; with the blatant rabble of Banyans, Arabs and Beloochees I had taken my last look, and before me beamed the sun of promise as he sped toward the Occident, Loveliness glowed around me asi looked at the fertile flelds of manivc, the riant vegetation of the tropics, the beautiful, strange trees and flowers, plants and berbs, and heard the ery of pee-wit and cricket and the noisy slbilance of many insects; methought each and all whispered tome, “At last you are started.” Atsuch atime what more a propriate could1do than lift up my face toward the pure, glussy dome of heaven and cry “Gorl be thanked?” CAMPED AT NIGHT ON TH# BANKS OF THE KINGANI. We camped that night onthe banks of the Kin- gani, our dreams being sadly disturbed by the sportive hippopotam:, which emerged at night for their nocwurnul feed on the tall, ligh grass that grows, on the savannahs to the westward of the Kingeni Xiver, MORNING OF THE MARCH. “Sotari, Sofar!, ico—a journey, a journey to-day,” shouted the Kirangozi as he prepared to blow hls Kudu hora—the usual signal for a march, “Set Out, set out,” raug the cheery volce of Captain Bombay, echoed by that of my drum major, ser- vant, general help and mterpreter, Selim. As I hurried my men to their work, lent a hand with energy to drop the tents, I mentally resolved that if my caravans ahead gave me clear room for travel I should be in Unyanyembe before that day three months. By six o’ciock A. M. our early breakfast was despatched, and tue pagazis and donkeys were en roule for Kikoka, Even at tts early nour there were quite a collection of curious natives to whom we gave the parting ‘“quahary” With sincerity. My bay horse was tound to be in- valuable for the service of a quartermaster of a transport train, for as such wa3 I compelled to compare myself. I could stay behind und the last stragglef had left camp, and by a few momenw’ gallop put myself a: the head of the caravan, leav- ing the wiute man Shaw to bring up the reas, ON THE ROAD. The road, as it 1s, throughout Africa, was a mere footpath, leading over a sandy soll of surprising fer- ulity—producing grain a hundred fold, though the sowing of it might be done in the most unskilful manner. in their Meids, at heodless labor, were men and women in the scantiest costumes, compared to which the fig-leat apparel of our first parenis must have been en grande tenue, Nor were they at all avazhed by the devouring gaze of men who were Strangers to clotheless ving men and women; nor dia they seem to understand why their mordiuate curiosity should be returned with more than in- terest. They leit their work as the Wasungu drew near—such hybrids were they in white fanneis, solar topees and horse boots! But were the Was- ungu desirous of studying the principles of compar- ative anatomy vad physiology, what a rich fleid for study! We passed them with serious faces enough, while they giggled and iaughed outright, pointing With their index fingers at this or that thug in our dress which to them seemed so strange and bizarre, A NEW AND STRANGE LAND, The western side of the Kingani was a consider- Qble improvement upon the eastern, We were travejing over a Toresticle yt jun casted DOR rs ceuay waterlily pce) LOY CON J9 6) FAIA etCeT ri@jes, whence fair vieWS might be obtained Of We new arid strange land. The scenery was as veautl- ful as \that which many an English nobleman is proud to call mis “pars.” On the whole it was lawo and sward, wile bescage suficient to agreeably dive rsily tt. PASSING EIKOKA We traversed on the next day a young forest of ebony trees, where guinea “fowl were seen, besides pigeons, jays, tbls sacra, golden pheasants, quails, moorheos florican, hawks, eagies, and now and then a solitary pelican winged its way to the cistance. As we advanced further mito the interior autelopes bounded away to our right and left, the steinvok and noble kudu fled ia terror, giraffes rushed away from us like moving forests and zebra galloped irantic toward tie far he rizon at the sound of tue strange noises which the caravan made. SUNBAHAD, By Sunday, the 23d of April, we had travelled 125 miles, and had reached sSimbawennl, situated in longitude 87 42 east, latitude 6 20 south. We had experienced no trouble on the road up to this place, The country was like that above descrived—park- lke—abounding in large and noble game. Not until we had left Simpawenni did we experience auy trouble. FIRST TROUBLE, The firat which we experienced was from the Sultana of Simbawenni, ia Usagre, which we found to be a large and well built town, fortified by four towers and a stone wall, having considerable pretensions to architectural skill. The Sultana sent her ambassadors to demand tribute from me, I refused to pay, though she possessed 300 muskets and 600 slaves, on the ground thatas my caravans had paid already 1 was exompted from it according to her custom. The ambassa- dors retired with a “Ngema’—very weil, Soon after passing the town we arrived at Simbo Khombi, and here I was compelled to or- der my cook to be flogged for his incorrigible dis- honesty and waste, Upon leaving Simpo for the wilderness and swamp of Makata I was made aware that the cook had deserted, I despatched three soldiers in pursuit, who, im the ardor of fol- lowing his tracks, fell Into the nands Of the Sultana of Simvawennt, who robbed them of their guns and put them in chains. Some Arabs happening to see them in this condition, and kuowing they were my men, made haste to inform the Sultana that she dia not Know what white people were capable of uoing if they were angered; that 1 naa guns with me that would kiil her in her house at the dis- tance of half a mile, This extraordinary announce. ment caused her to mitigate her anger against me and to release my soldiers, returning one gun and retaining two as just apd equitable tribute. The cook was afterward reported to me to be murdered, THR MAKATA SWAMP, From Simbo to Rebenneko in Usagre extends the terrinle Makata swamp, @ distance of forty-five miles, It is knee deep of water and black mire, and for five days we marched through this cataciysm, From here commenced the LIST OF CALAMITIRS, which afterwards overtook me. First the white man Shaw caught the terrible fever of East Africa, then the Arab boy Selim, then myself, then the sol- diers one by one, and smallpox and dysentery raged among us. As soon as I had recovered from the effeots of the fever 1 was attacked with dysentery, which brought me to the verge of the grave, From a stout and fleshy person, weighing 170 pounds, I was reduced to a al ton, & mere frame ofbone and skin, weighing 130 pounds. Two pa- gazis fell victims to this dysentery. Even the dog “Omar” was attacked by It, and presently died, AT REBENNEKO we experienced the last of the rainy season. It had rained almost every day since we had left Bago- moyo, but until we had arrived at the verge of the Makate swamp we did not experience much incon. venience from tt, THE ADVANCE CARAVAN OVERHAULED, Two days beyond Kebenneko we caught up with the fourth caravan, which nid been sent out under the leadership of the Scotch. Man. I found the white man in @ most miserabie plight, All the donkeys—numbering nine—that I had nent out With bim Were dead aud be wea ak | tacked by dropay or elephantiasis—e disease of which he has since diea, He had wasted upward of six bales of cloth, five of which had been entrusted to him to convey to Unyanyembe. An Arab proprietor would have slaughtered him for his extravagance and imbecility; but I—1 had no other course but to relieve him of ail charge of such goods, Had I not foreseen some such mismanage- ment and provided plenty of clo'h against such loss Tshould have been compelled to return to the coast for more bales to replace thom, SXPLOITS, LOSSES, DISCOVERIES. By the 24th May we had travelled 278 miles, and had entered the dangerous land of the Wagogo. We had passed through the territories of the Wakami, Wakwere, Wadoe, Wasegura, Wasa- gara and Wahehe. We had crossed the rivers Kingani, Ungerengert, Little Makata, Great Makata, Rulewa and Mukonuokwa, We had discovered the sources of the Kingani, Wami and Mukondokwa rivers and the Lake. of Ugombo, threo miles long by two and a half miles wide, Our losses up to this date were seventeen donkeys dead, (ne Coll of wire stolen, oae tent eater up by white atts, one tent lost, also one axe, one plstol, twerty pounds of bullets, and Captain Bombay’s stock of uniform clothes, all of which losses I ascribe to the fatigues experienced during the transit of the Ma- kata swamp. Three pagazis had deserted, two were dead; also one white man and two natives of Malabar had died, The two horses died on the third day after leaving Bagomayo, for so fatal ia this land to both men and antmais, IN ENTERING UGOGO we were entering a new land, to meet with differ. ent dangers, different accidents from those we had now left behind us, We had ascended a plateau 8,700 to 4,200 feet above the level of the sea; the ex- traordinary fertility and rivers of the maritime region we should nov see in Ugogo, but a bare and sterile plateau, though cultivated by the Wagogo. TE LAND OF THE WAGOUO, ‘The Wagozo are the Irish of Africa—clanish and full of ight. To the Wagogo all caravans must pay tribute, the refusal of which 1s met by an immediate declaration of hostilities, The tribate which I alone paid to these people amounted to 170 dott ($170 in gold), for the mere privilege of travelling through their country to Unyanyembe beyond. ARRIVAL AT UNYANYEMBE, On the thirtieth day after entering Ugogo we ar- rived in Unyanyembe, at the Arab village of Kwi- hara—so called from the plain of Kwihara, in which itissituated, The march of this last mouth had been very rapid, we having travelled 24734 miles, whtle the previous march of 278 miles, viz., from Bagomoyo to Ugogo had occupied fifty-four days, Altogether we had travelled 62544 miles in eighty-four days, Including balts, which makes our rate of marching per day six and @ quarter miles. Burton and Speke in travelling the game distance from Kaole to Unyanyembe in 134 days, which is at the rate of three and one-sixth miles per day. You must hot imagine that Iam stating this tn order to make an invidious comparison, but simply to show you how expeditiously we have travelled, The Arabs travel the «istance from two months and twelve days to four months, On the second visit of Speke with Grant to Unyanyembe he made the march Ju 115 days. AN ALMOST UNKNOWN LAND. Ishould like to enter into more minute detalls respecting this new land, which is almost unknown, but the very naiure of my mission, requiring speed and ali my energy, precludes it. Some day, per- haps, the HpraLp will permit me to describe more minutely the experiences of the long march, with all ite vicissitudes and pleasures, in its columns, and 1 can assure your readers before- hand that they wilt not be quite devoid of interest, But now my whole time is occupied in the march, and the direction of the expedition, the neglect of which in any One point would be productive of dis- astrous results, NEWS ABOUT DR. LIVINGSTONE. T shall here procesd to relate wnat I have heard of Livingstone verbatim. on tue 12th of April l met at Monssoudi, on the Ungercugeri River, four marches from Sentbawenal, Salint betiirier who gave me the following in tallieonnd UKEP TE 0 -stone :—- oe aes eas Vermbe tO me, He has amor mustache and beard, and was very fat. then about golug to Marungu and Uniewa.”” MORA TIDINGS. On tne 18ch of May Sheikh Abdullah bin Wasib found me encamped at Mpwapwa and gave me the following:— Tne musungu (white man) has gone to Maniema, a month's march from Uji. He has met witi a bad accident, having shot nimself in the thigh while out hunting buffalo. When he gets well ho wiil return to Ujijl There are many lakes on tho other side of the Tanganyika. Lake Ujiji is very great; Lake Uruwa ls also great, Lake Bangucolo is great, but Lake Maniema 13 great, exceedingly great, gam THE STORY OF SHEIK THANT. At Kusurl, in Mgunda Mkhall, or the land of the Wayanzi, on the 13th of June, I met Sheik Thani bin Massoud, who {mparted the following:— “Youare asking me about the musunga whom people call ‘Dochter Fellusteen’ (Dr. Livingstone), Yes; I lived near him about three months at Ujijt, His men have all deserted him, except three slaves, whom he was obliged to buy.” “why i “He used to beat his men very hara if they did not do instantly what he told them. At last they all ran away; no one would stop with him, He had nothing with him, no cloth nor beads, to buy food for a long time; so he had to go out and hunt buffalo every day. Heis a very old man and very fat, too; has along white beard, He is a great eater, Mash- allah! He would eat a pot of ghee and a big plate. ful of rice three or four times a day, Mashalign! but you see this thing (polating to 4 tea saucer) ?”” “Yea,” “Well he would eat that fall of batter, with a pot- ful of ugalt (porridge).”” STILL ANOTHER STORY OF LIVINGTONE. On the 1éth of June I met Hassan, a Balooch sok ier of Sheikh Satd vin Salim, of Unyanyembe, who gave news about Livingstone to this effect:— “He 18 @ very old man, with a Leard nearly white. ‘His left shoulder ts out of joint from a fight he had with @ surida (lion), He has gone to Maniema with some Arabs. Maniema 18 three months’ march from Ujiji Me 1s about returning to Uji! soon, owing to a letter he received irom the ‘Bulyuz’ (Consul), They say that although he has been out here 80 long he has done nothing. He has fifteen bales of cloth at Unyanyembe, not yet sent to him. NEWS FROM UNYANYEMBE, On the 20th, st Kubuga, three days from Unyan- yembe, Sheikh Amir bin Sultan informed me as fol- lows:— “Yes, there 18 2 musungu, ® very old man, who came to Ujiyi by the way of Lake Nyassa and Ca- zembe, After coming to Ujiji he went to Marungu, and then returned to Ujij About a year ago he crossed the Tanganyika Lake, and accompanied some Arabs to Lake Mantema, which, I am told, is a very great lake, much larger than Tanganyika, Lately a caravan coming from Ukonongo brougnt the news that he was dead, I don’t know whether the news be true or not.” ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, At this place I have received the following addi- tional. information:—He fs on the road to Ujiji from Lake Maniema, which is west of Uguvba, The lake 1s fifteen camps from the Tanganyika, in a south- southwest direction, With me are going to Ujijt for him fisteen loads of cloth, eight loads of beads ana twelve boxes, containing wine, provisions—such as sugar, tea, salt, pepper, spices and such little luxu- ries— besides clothes, books and newspapers. If Se last few days to your reader: in the form of Jeremt- ades from “An Englishman” and “An Old Pravel- Jer” shouid lack their usual companion [ ventare to crave @ small space in your coluwns to oifer the black dose which correspondence respecting the doubts and difficulties taseparabvie irom African travel invariably calls for. In & word, the letters referred to, If unanswered, would go far to crush out the very justifiaiie hopes entertained by mang that Dr, Livmgatone is still ve, although of necessity so far im the interior that no possibuity exists of his sending ietiers to Zanzibar, Respecting this cause of anxiety, some will, no doubt, partially dismiss it when they rememoer the Jong detention Speke and Grint were subjected to in Alvica and the impossibility of sending de- spatches, Others will not forget the omingus words: of the Doctor in his last letters to the effect that the strictest orders had been given at Uyji to search every bearer travelling coastwards, and to seize any- thing tu the shape of papers in his possession. Iv ts far better understood among Arabs and Slave dealers about the iakes than it 1g in England, unfortunately, that the object of this great traveller ig maiuly to expose the horrors of the extermination at Ujyi in one month more I shall see nim, the race for home shall begin. Until 1 hear more of nim or see the long abseut old man face to face I bid you @ farewell; but wherever he is be gure I sball not give up the chase. If alive you shail bear what he nas tosay; if dead I will find and bring his bones to you. SPECULATION REGARDING THE FATE OF DR. LIVINGSTONE. Some correspondents having expressed very despondent views of the fate of thts distinguished explorer, Mr. Horace Waller, F. R. C. 3., of England, ‘writes as follows in answer:— There in @ Wholesome accompaniment Law hl prescribed with a certain national bolus, lest Ma two very Dive Dus administered during the going on under their auspices, fo frustrate One thug, to Kil lin another; and from a tolerably long acquaintance with similar people in the vicin- ity Of the Lakes, | venture to preutect that Living: stone Wiii not suifer at their hands beyond having @ cordon of \evrer-d royera continually stretched aeross the caravan path from Ujijt to Zanztoar, uile axree With the opinion that the very fact of his having met with his death by tai means or foul Would spread instantly in all directions. In- deed, Who js there that has traveied 1a Africa with: out being killed perpetually according to report ? Jt is by 00 means @ cheeriess refection that Living- stone may be even too much alive for ine indulgence of native rumors, When Roscher waa murdered near Lake Nyassa the news quickly reached /anzi- bar, and the murderers were brougat thither for execution, It is certain that we, who know the land best, have noticed with extreme satisfaction the abseuce of alarming ttelligence on the coast, and also the common conclusion which exists among traners and dwellers at zinar that tue Doctor is Ving. As to “silver shields” and so forth, money !8 un- known to the natives. Years of observation ta iis company in Africa have tong since convinced me that Livingstone has a power of disarming suspicion: and winning the love of the uatives with whom he comes im contact which no man living has ever attained to, This is Ws passport, add an ine valuable one. It fails only wica he 18 among the slave dealers. A refereuce to lus journey acrosa Africa will contirm this, and his preseut circum Slances are Dot Very dissimbiar as lar as light march- Ing 1s concerned. Some very singular surniises have arisen in consequence of a supposed reticence on his part. We must not overlook or underrate the fact oF his children being in a dreadrul suspense at his long deteation, In suctha loving heart as their father’s this ts not forgotten, aud as one who was present with him when tis wife expired, and who 30 has enjoyed to the full @ close intimacy with him and his (amily, I know that tue valy compensas tion he can make to those who yearn equally with bimself for some gratitication yet of the cles exist. ing between parent and chudren in thls world wil , be to tell them of himself, 1 protest solemnly against the least idea of his relaxing any effort or neglecting any dictate of ingeauity whereby com- munication with them could pe keptap, 1 simply believe writing to ve inpossivie, more particularly in the face of the intelligence lately reveived ag to tno disturbed state of the couutry. strange and sad have been the products of this on silence, It has given rise to a growth which iravellers mast hencetorth take into account among the.r hardshi aud should the Doctor be spared to return to the enlightened world he will be the first to admit thas some explorers who Dave penetrated its mysteries, both In bg aed and more excusably in America, have put bis own deeds of daring completely in the shade, Thus much for this two years? silence. T think tt ls reasonable, to rhose who Will reason, to suppose ee has been set up with afew necessities—quinine, coifee aud boots—from tho stores we know {0 Have reached Uji: (by Dr. Kirk's last accounts), and that he is industriously working out the huge problem which was almost within hia grasp when be wrote the last letters to haud. He 3 of an age BOW when it would not be possible to release hiiuself from his present undertaking with & view to bis reporting progress personally aod alterwards returning to Africa. It would, more- over, Involve anovher journey to the interior to take up his work in, @ task of itself by far the most dangerous and irksome of ail African trials, ‘Those who know lim will smile at the idea of his coming home with one or two facts, however great, and accompanied ty suggestions which would serve others in crowning that which @ year or two would see completed at bis own hands, he wll try anw solve the proven of the exteut of water communi- cation in the interior of Africa, a laudable ambition with his views for Africa’s eveutual rise from its sad state. The further bis investigations lead bun, especially tothe westward, tho less likely is he to attempt the futile task of asking natives to under- stand the = of letters or to forward them, av the risk of fheir lives, to that mythical post oiice. which is supposed by so many to exist open-mouthed auperigtended by disiutcrested slave dealers at wre Englishman” speaks of Bishop Mackenzie, and bis dcath, and trusts “that Livingstoue will divulge with his own lips that our efforts to sow the seeds of religion or to fix the uses of science: and trade in isvlated spots lo the weart of that dark land are absolutely futile’? 1 will leave him to deal with the Doctor if he + 5, who, have uo doubt, will divuige some- Hn the subject both pertineat aad mt to. his teoreticul vuinpatriot; bat, as poo: use a aioly dead, it remains for those who were aim to apeak for the emgct his short career as for Which ue h Jat them to at A cae acu of be, _% ke a Very ciear view about the interior o! ‘ica and the sore handling 1 reoelyes (rom the outer worid. . The time will come speedily, God grant it, when the frigntiul slave trade at pi 2 exisuing on the east coast, and which te decimating Airica, shail cease. One solid determination to turn tu account the ex- traordinary disclosures before the Select Committee: of the House of Commons last session, and then we shall be able to fit the carecrs of Mackenzie and Livingstone Into the i. reserved for sich key- stones as they are In the arches which bridge over the way for Caristtanity and civilization, Perhaps one thing will strike those forctbly who. have perused the evidenceI allude to; itis that if the present settlements on the coast whero Kuropeans congregate, Zanzibar, Quillimane and Mozambique, are to radiate thelr ‘particular and several lights into the Interior of Africa, accordin to “An Englishman’s” programme, and to renec thelr civilization “vackwards,” Une last state of the {rican will be worse than the first, On (he Zam- 1 the natives aro fast expelling the Portuguese from the country, after having endured them for 300 years. At Unyamyembe tue arabs, we hear, are alsa Bent to the rigntabout. It is the deeds of tnesd parasites on Africa which have reduced her to her present state, and (he (rue dawn will come when Englishmen penetrate to the interior and point oud to Africa her von resources, and that ber place in this world’s economy is not that which those wio hang about ber coasta would velleve. LITERATURE. “AWFUL” aNnD OTHER JinoLEs, vy P. RS, te. G. P. Putnam & Son, Now yore. af This neatly printed and weil bound iittic volume is well descrined in its title, The author frankly admits the esumate he has formed of his ‘jingles,* and the “keen eye of the critic,” to which he ap- peals, winks a solemn assent to that valuation. Tho question of value being settled tt rematus to be seen for what earthly purpose they were ever put in book form. The satires occupy themselves with such mighty subjects as the defunct Loow Bridge (a mutsance we hoped never to hear of again), the sur- pliced boys at Trinity church and that society adjective “awful.” When one is om the point of sympathizing with the intention of the “satirist,” asin nig reflections on the vile “dialect” poetry of the day, he is sure to stumble over some such slovenil- ness a8 making “reporter” rhyme with “daughter.’? This sort of thing may do for the poets’ corner of an evening paper, but i¢ is an outrage on intelil- gence to disturb them in thelr graves among its files, The few serious pieces have more merit than the satires, and, although they have a strong jour- nailstic odor, with occasional references to news bulletins, cable messages and the like, will be found to contain @ vein of deep feeling, oxpressed with considerable force. There are two pieces addressed to an old gentleman, celebrating the one hundred and fourth and filth anniversaries of his birthday. We wish the centenarian no harm, butif he must endure @ poem on every successive birthday we pity him, and have the worst fears for his long surviviigs an GENERAL GRANT'S PARDONS, Avousta, Mé., Dec, 21, 1871, Charles Metien, sentenced in June, 1870, to two years In jail and @ One of $100,000, for participation in the State street frands, was to-day pardoned py President Grant. rdoned Isaac E. Cortis- ident has also ned and fined for irregularly making BADLY BURNED, Ata quarter past six o'clock yesterday Margaret Smith, of 623 West Twenty-eighth street, nad her lovbing set fire to by the stove in the room where she wes working. She was dangerously bared about the body and face, and after borg attended to by Ue pulice surgeon Was sent to Bellevue Hos pit BISHOP VERSUS PRIEST. Winttamsroar, Pa, Dec. 21, 1871, In the case of Father Stocke against Bishop O’Lara to restrain the Bishop from removing Stocke Gamble has continued the Pan age pain hrs case of the kind under Jatholio canons {1 Pe and linaite the the Ci power of a biahan over hla