The New York Herald Newspaper, November 4, 1871, Page 6

’ ‘YORK HERALD \. )ADWAY AND ANN STREET. 28 GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, siness Or news letter and telegraphio 13 must be addressed New York and packages should be properly sd commanications will not be re- WIN'S THEATRE. No, 726 Rroadway.—FRENOH Zou he Tuk Mattneeat & AVENUE THEATELS, Dama or Drvorox, 0 THEATRE bate gig” tela Batter Pan. ¥ Hometr Dumerr. ae ES TUBATRE, Twentv-eighth street and Brot 2OREN AND Tursreuns, de. Matines at k. usd Twenty-fourth street.— Matinee at 134. JK THEATRE. Broadway and Sih areet.— Bopy, MUSEUM, Broadway, corner 30th st. —Pi raeon and eveniag—Tux Bor Dersorys. 3 THEATRE, Ba netween bin aud &h avs, — NRRING Matince a! 134. Y THEATRE, Bowery.—Caima—Tan Owts OF S OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street.—-Matines at 3 GARDEN, Broadway, between Prince aut freots.—OUR AMERICAN CousIN. Matinesat® OPERA BOUS! re oF AEA ROUSE: corner ot 6 av. ane $34 st. THEATR' Matinee at THRATRE, opposite City Hall, Brookiyn.—Ow Nos, 4 and 47 Bowery.—OreRa In Tovarons, ‘, & CONWAY'S BROOKLYN THEATRE.— SQUARE THEATRE, Foarteenth at, ant Broad- 280 AOTS—BORLESQUE, BALLis, 40, Matinee 2 RE COMIQUE, 514 B: 0 devay.. Mo Resttaas Meunerst germs Foot tANCISCO MINSTREL Raul, _ FRANOI#00 MINSTRELS, sas cha *S NEW OPERA HOTSR, o34 me BRYANYS uwermnra | between Ge *ASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 9M Rowery.— ORNTRICITIRG, BORLESQUES, &C. Matinee 2'4. ‘RK CIBCUS, Fourteenth strant.— » ActowaTy, ac. ‘Matiziee at 2 sais i [PLE SHEET. ork, Saturday, Nevember 4, 1571. TENTS OF TO-DAWS HSRALD. ‘ ttigements, Ttisements. Cal Intelligence—Foreign Giscelianeons ‘s Municipal Maelstrom: The Sallot-Box ze the Latest Sensation Created hy the id Of the Seventy; Another Mandamus od For; AMidavits of Antt-Tammany Poll- as; Mayor [all in Reply to the Orator of areat Keformers; Judge Barnard's Order— Philadelphia Mutdie—The Freed Debtors— Funds for the Fire Victims—The Mysteri- » Marder—New York City News—The Rail- fignt in Hoboken—Snicide in Newark — uta! of Surgeon King—Views of the Past. edings in the Coarts—tvotting at Ficet- @ Park—Almost Marriea—The Geor, \ osglatare—Financial and Commercial “e—Marriages and vearhs, isla: Leading Article, ‘The Great Geo- mical Discovery of the Age—Tne Polar vera = Practically + Solved'"'—amusement ouncements. . sean Cable Telegram s—a ffatrs in Mexico— Ss from Washi gton—Music and the ne—Miscelianeous Telegrams — Business cea, fg of Fire Underwriters—Naval and Army igence—Adverusements. : A Herald Re ‘3 tTview with Bixhop Sharpe, a ading & Arrival of Delegate Hooper at Wash- m—The Ku Kiux: Ku Kinxtsm in Souta lina at a Discount—Another Epitemtc of Ipox Threatened—Afeirs in icago— her Report—The Facific Coast—Buston iigenoe—Shippiag Intelligence—Adver- nents, rtisements. rusements, pore Srensins, chairman of the e of Seventy, publicly thanked the gold brokers yesterday for deciding » themselves fully to the work of election day. smpmis Avalanche thinks that nothing fy the remanding of a portion of colina to the rigors of martial law. a good many other papers of the of thinking, teperiox (Md.) Herald has found a ein “‘an office sought the man, and ot the office.” It refers to the re- nomination for Comptroller of the ‘e have a different way of doing such Iore the Comptroller not only seeks , but holds on to it most perii- yRMON DgLiGatR To Concress.—The rom Utah Territory, Mr. Hooper, is ‘ ashington. and though, as it is given ‘ales the soft impeachment, his basi- » doubt, to see if General Grant can- suaded to enter into some compro- Brigham Young, whereby Mormon may be spared and tolerated a little We suspect, however, that Brigham's or has gone to Washington upon a ad this time, zy.—It is again positively reported aington that if the Russian Minister ake the hints that have been given from Washington, or resign his po- h the departure of the Russian Prince shores, the aforesaid contumacious will be given his walking papers, they say, demands it, General cedes it, and the law allows {t But have the Prince. » Rewer Mgerises m Instanp.— nd has rallied to the relief of the ‘ufferers, Our cotvespondents there 5 that meetings have been held t the country, at all of Which menof slasees and creeds have come to- »xtend the hand of help to ourup. vountrymen in the West. Ireland {e feful, Her people remember the wine in the year of '47, when the ites poured its breadstuffs into Irish xe suffering inhabitants of the island. ws esponds to the fullest extent of her did Chicago. The action of Ircland nd also the course of Paris. The & capital, notwithstanding the evils, suf- \ miseries she has undergone within iwelve months, came forward with ewell the coutributions which from now © ory clime come pouring in to help \ of the Garden City of the West. »¢ to Ireland and France; for amid vwa troubles they remembered and the misfortunes of others, Fhe Geent Geographical Biscovery of the Ageo= The Polar Problem Practically Belved. Tt is evident from the highly important oir- cular of Dr, Petermann published yesterday that the long perplexed and perilous problem of a way to the North Pole has been prac- tloally solved. The lustre which the dis- coveries of Payer and Weyprecht have just shed upon Germany will-eclipse the brilliant military fame recently won by her armies on the battle fields of France, It is trus we have but heard by telegraphic report the outline of what these explorers have found in the loy, bat not impenetrable, seas whioh roll thelr waters between Spitsbergen and Nova Zembla ; but enough is already known to verify the dis- coveries of Kane and to bear out in all their length and breadth of meaning the deductions of American physicists, which, for more then three years, have been urged upon the scientific. world, and which so strikingly pointed the Arctic explorer to the very spot where triumph has now been won, If our transatlantic brethren can now rejoice, they must be willing, as they doubtless are, to share the honor of success with those who taught them where to find it, and we can rejoice with those who have reaped the first frui(s of the harvest which we have sown. When the Royal Society of London began its career the poet Cowley, in his famous “Annus Mirabilis,” sung its fame in anticipa- tion, and predicted in glowing numbers a time when it shoald lead men to the very verge of the globe :— Then we upon the globe's last verge shall go, And view the ocean icaning on the sky; From thence our Gopi Bpebeiitg we snail know, And on the lunar world securely pry. But in this case it is not the Royal Society of London that has led us to the extremity of the planct, The present expediiion was not projectod nor was it much favored by the Eng- lish navigators who have so long boasted of the maritime supremacy of Britannia. While the most influential British seamen have been trying to persuade the world that there was no hope for Polar discovery in the region along which the American Gulf Stream pro- jects itself Into the Arctic Basin, the event of @ successful exploration has answered and overthrown their arguments. While tho Hegatp was preparing the article of Thursday, suggesting the possibility of a commander taking « ship through tho Arctic ice belt, as Ross and Weddell took their ships through the Antarctic ice belt, the mail wis bringing us the tidings that our suggestion was already a fait accompli. It will be seen, by reference to Dr. Peter- mann’s circular, that the entire success of the | present movement is to be attributed to tho warm ourrent of the Gulf Strcam, which, in this country, three years ago, Captain Silas Bent first suzgesied, and another American demonstrated, would fursish the trne “‘ther- YORK 4 push onward and poleward, so as to attain tho full measure of success whieh is evidently now within thele grasp. The tatences of the Geason when they discovered the Polynia— in latitude seventy-nine degrees north and longitude forty-three degrees east of Green- wich—may, of course, explain why they could not at once finish their labors. But we shall patiently wait to hear their own explanation. The fact that they discovered an open sea, stretohing through eighteen degrees of longi- tade and through at least seventy miles of latitude, shows that it was not a mere pool or foe hole which they saw. This favorite mode of explaining away the importance of Kane's discovery is now unquestionably exploded. Whether the open sea they found actually leads all the way to the North Pole or not, one thing is certain—the Polynia itself is an established fact, Is there no American explorer willing to jein next spring in the great research ? The Last Move of the Political Seform- ereA Singular Application te Judge Baraard. The application made before Judge Barnard for a peremptory mandamus to compel Mayor Hall to turn out the Inspectors of Election appointed by him in conformity with the pro- visions of the law of 1870, and to substitute in their places the partisans of the several anti-Tammany factions, is one of the most sin- gular of the many singular inoldents of our municipal war. The people have grown 80 accustomed of late to the idea that we are living ander ao sort of moderated Vigilance Committee rule that they may not at first comprehend the full soope and meaning of this last novel and re- markable movement of the political reformers, Nevertheless it will need but a little reflection to convince them of the revolutionary charac- ter of the act the Court is urged to perform. “The law of 1870"—we uso the language of Mayor Hall himself—‘“‘passed ‘by the unani- mous vote of the Senate and with only three negative votes in the Assembly, gave to the Mayor the power to appoint registrars, inspec- tors and canvassers to fill vacancies ocourring among the number of those who had been heretofore elected, or, according to specific designation, appointed.” The Mayor, in accordance with the authority and in com- pliance with the requirement of this law, bas filled all such vacancies, and it is not pre- tended that any now exist, Republioans have been placed on the list of inspectors, but they happen to have been appointed on the recom- mendation of the ward organizations of the Republican County Committee, of which Horace Greeley is ohairman, and which up to the time of the last Syracuse Conven- tion claimed to be the regular organization of the party in this county. The democratic | inspectors have, no doubt, been selected from the Tammany side, and not from the Young mometric gateway to the Pole.” The highest | Democracy, the O'Brien democracy, the Union temperature in the frozen seis and the most | democracy or any other outside faction or propitious circumstances for moving towards \ clique. It is very probable that many of these the Pole have now been proved to exist just | worthies, democratic and republican, are not where the “thermometric” theory said they \ overburdened with scrupulousness and politi- should exist. We know that Leverrier indi- | cal morality. Like a majority of ward politi- cated on his celestial map just where the tel- | cians, they may be willing even to run the oscope would find the planet Neptune; but | risk of the State Prison to secure a partisan the French astronomer was not more unerring | advantage or to carry out the behests of their in his work than our physicists have been. 'Jeaders, But they are legally and regularly Dr. Petcrmann interprets his intelligenc2 in | clected or appvinted inspectors of election, this light, and cltims also the share to which | and when John Foley or the Committee of he is so justly entitled, in basing all his late recommendations for Arctic exploration upon the hypothesis that the Gulf Stream is the potential agent in breakiag up or loosening the ice cordon which girds the oircumpolar area, and he indulges in some warmth of ex- pression (pardonable, perhaps, under the cir- cumstances) against Captain Koldewey, who prejudiced the public mind against bis views. Captain Sherrard Osborn, of the Royal Navy, a man of fine intellect and great geo- graphical learaing, has been always set against even an experimsnt in the regions where Payer and Weyprecht have found the ex- tension of Kane's open sea, and to Osborn’s stubborn prolonged opposition is perhaps due he fact that hitherto no fair trial has been made in those quarters, Although the expedition of Captaia Hall has not taken this route it is by no means to be supposed that he will not be able to accom- plish the end of his expedition. Far from it, On the contrary, indeed, the physical infer- ence to be drawn clearly is that Hall will find, perhaps in latitede a little higher, the very same open water, and that with his well known “‘pash” and indomitable energy he will penetrate to the very sea whose billows and whose tides were first witnessed by the gal- lant Kane. The result of these achievements in Arctic navigation will doubtless provoke widespread ead honorable emulation among all the mari- time Powers, who will vie with Germany in the prosecution of geographical research. Science may be congratulated now as having made another stepping stone into the heart of the Polar world, and she will donbtless seize upon it at an early day for pushing forward many important inquiries and investigations. If Lieutenants Payer and Weyprecht have been able to advance so far and so late in the season as Soptember, in a small sailing vessel, there is renewed and redoubled reason for be- lieving, as the Hzratp pointed out some days ago, that “with an iron steamer armed with a circular ice saw at her prow, an experienced commander might, as Ross did, make his way entirely through the barrier of floating ice islands, and, having reached the Polar side of it, move on uninterraptedly to the Pole.” Such, in the Antarctic, was the brilliant ex- perience of Ross; such was the repeated ex- perience of Weddell, so that they discovered an open South Polar Sea, just as Kane and Payer and Weyprecht have since discovered ‘0 open North Polar Sea, Tae evidence of open water at both extremi- ties ofthe globe seems now to be demon- strated, #ad with this demonstration will fol- { Seventy asks a Judge of the Supreme Court ! to tarn them out of office snd to order the ! Mayor to appoint the partisans of other organizations and combinations in their places, they seek to make the Judiciary not the instrument of enforcing obedience to the laws and of seeing that they are properly car- ried out by those entrusted with office, but the means of nullifying, setting aside and destroy- ing the laws, It is just the same as if the Greeley republicans, who havedodulged their partisan enmity by bringing accusations of in- competency and frand against Collector Mur- phy, should file a long string of affidavits from Robert Murray and others and apply to a United States Court for a mandamus to com- pel President Grant to turn the Collector out of office and to appoint John Cochrane, Rufe Andrews or some other deserving patriot in his place. Tris about time that this semi-communism end lawless spirit should bs brought to a close, and that the government of the city should be carried on by its legally chosen officers. Mayor Hall is our chief executive, and every effort to prove his unfaithfulness, and to es- tablish against him charges which would entail the forfeit of his office, has signally failed, Newspaper abuse and the slang of stump ora- tory cannot convict him of crime or deprive him of the powers the votes of the electors have conferred upon him. He has been ar- raigned in ® police court only to bo told by magistrates and prosecutors that no bail was required of him to meet the lengthy and elaborate complaint. Two Grand Juries, one drawn especially to insure his indictment, have refused to briog in @ bill against him, and have thus acquitted him even upon the ez-parte statement of his accusers. He should now assert his author- ity with firmness and without favor, and should exhaust all the powers within his reach, both under the Charter and through the Courts, to rid his administration of those heads of departments who, in the course of their official careers, have been con- cerned in the plunder of the city treasury. So far as the election is concerned he should exercise every care and enforce every safeguard against fraud. The police force is at his disposal, and the recent dierco- tions show that it is to be held in readiness to preserve order at the polls and to see that the election laws are faithfully carried out. The people hold Mayor Hall responsible for a peaceable and honest election, and not John Foley, Judge Barnard or the Committee of Seventy, Should any illegal conduct be discovered on the low the solution of many serious and vexed | part of an inspector or any other officer, the questions of Meteorology and bydrography. The telegram embodied in Dr. Petermann's | cases, should be circular gives us the Substance of the news; law, which is stringent and summary in such strictly enforced, and the Mayor should be heedful that the offender is but we shall doubtless soon have from the | not allowed to esca; pe through any loophole explorers, who, on the 8d of October, were at | or by means of any quibble, At the same Tromsol, on their return, fuller and more time he should take care that no organized detailed accounts of ali that they saw and did gengs or mischievous individuals are permit- in those regions eo:dong dreaded by the ted to disturb the public mariner, It is possible that they are return. peace or to incite riot and disorder for any purposes what- ing to Germany for new equipments or anew | soever, If any such attempt should be vessel. to enable them ia the carly epring (@ (made the tenatment of the cullags ae Be HKALD, SATURDAY, NUVEMBEK 4, i87L—TRIPLE SHEET. ni @hould be short, sharp end decisive, ‘The | Sastnad Among che citinens can depend upon the police in such an emergency. They have already been tried ‘and have not been found wanting. As to the Rew application fora mandamus, it must be regarded more in the light of a farce than as a serious matter, If any improper persons have been placed apon the list of inspectors the Mayor ts responsible to the people for their appointment, and should they be found guilty of any illegal acts, he will one day be called upon to render an account to those who have entrusted to him the important office he now fills, The inspectors themselves will be closely watched, and it is not likely that any frauds upon the ballot will pass un- discovered at this time or be suffered to go unpunished. But we are living under law, and it is not the province of the Supreme Court to set that law aside, We have a chief executive officer at the head of the municipal government, and so long as he complies with the law his appointments are to be made by him, and not by Judge Barnard, John Foley, the Committee of Seventy, Jemmy O'Brien, the Apollo Hallers, or any olique, faction or ward club from Mackerelyille to Fifth ayonue. The Bronking Up ef the South Cnrolina Ka Klux Klaas. It appears from the Columbia Union that General Grant's military raid upon the South Carolina Ku Klux Klans has been a great success; that two hundred Ku Klux have voluntarily oonfessed their connection with the-Klans, and, totally disgusted with it, have surrendered themselves to the authorities; that thirty came in on Monday afternoon and made confession in writing; that three hundred have fled to escape the hazards of arrest and punishment for their crimes; that two hundred and two are in the jail at Yorkville, under charge of Captain Ogden, United States Army, and that the preliminary examination of these prisoners will be made as soon as the confes- sions of the other members of the order referred to can be recorded, It having been showa that Marion county is exempt from the Ku Klux combinations recited in the Presi- dent's Proclamation, he has promptly revoked the proclamation so far as it affected that county and given the required five days’ notice to the Ku Kiuxin Union county, which it is plain to be seen was fotended originally in place of Marion. Further, it is shown by our despatches this morniny that a startling Ku Klox band has been uncovered in the mountain counties of North Carolina, These are very interesting facts. They show that the Southern Ku Klux Klan, or the “Order of the Invisible Empire,” is not a myth, but an extensive reality; that in the western counties of South Qarolina it had enrolled among its members a very large pro- portion of the able-bodied men of the white population, and that in the section most notoriously disaffected by these invisible moss troopers General Grant's short military cam- paiga among them has pretty thoroughly de- moralized, broken up and dispsrsed the mysterious organization. Doubtless, too, the confessions made by the members of the noc- turnal brotherhood will embrace their signs, passwords, disguises, constitution and by- laws, and an explanation of their nightly ad- ventures and outrages upon obnoxious ne- groes, ‘“‘scalawags” and ‘‘carpot-baggers,” all of whom, with scarcely an exception, turn out to be republicans. And here we have it broadly intimated from Washiagtcn that wiile it has been discovered that these Ku Klax Klans west and south of Virginia exist in all the Southern States, the grand object of the organization is nothing less than the control of the next Presidential election in the States concerned, frdbm the Caro- linas to Texas, by a syatem of terrorism which will constrain the negroes, for their per- sonal safety, to vote the democratic ticket or keep away from the polls. Hence, it is said, the extensive and numerous Ku Klux Klans in South Carolina. The population of that State is three handred thousand whites against four hundred thousand blacks, The blacks on masse are republicans, and the whites are democrats, with few exceptions. Of course, under the fifteenth amendment, the blacks rule the State, and if half that we hear of their mongrel government and its outrageous cor- raptions is true it is not a whit better, but in many respects worse, than the Tammany “fing.” All other means of ‘redress, then, against this mongrel negro government having failed, the whites of South Carolina have been trying against the blacks the terrorism of the Ku Klux Klan, Tho order in South Carolina, however, and in the other Southern States, as it appears, has the same common object in view of—creating, among the blacks, such a general fear of the mysterious and terrible Ku Klux as to keep the superstitious negro from the polls, or to compel him to join the democracy in the Presidential election, It isto this Ku Klux terrorism, we are told, that the demo- crate are indebted for their overwhelming ma- jorities ia Georgia and Louisiana in the last Presidential election. How else, it is askod, would Seymour have secured forty- seven thousand majority ia Loulsana in the election of 1868, whem in the election im- mediately preceding it, and in the elections which have followed, the State hasbeen de- cisively republican? Weare inclined to the conclusion that, In their political aspects, these forthcoming Ku Klux confessions will be ex- ceedingly interesting and important, Jopaz Bannarp continued his good work of ventilating Ludlow Street Jail yesterday. He released a number of prisoners for debt, but in the course of bis examination discov- ered one or two who deserved all the punish- ment they had received and more. One was an individual who through malice refused to pay one hundred and seventy dollars alimony due his divorced wife, Another had a judg- ment of thirty-four thousand dollars against him, and owned seventy-five thousand dollars and refused to settle, These Judge Barnard refused to discharge, and reserved his opinion in the cases of several others, The report of Warden Tracey shows that the jail is unusually healthy, and Judge Barnard said he considered it as cleanly and well kept as any jail inthe State, But he was determined to go on with his ventilating process, and furthermore intended in cases where wit- nesses in criminal cases were held and the criminals let out on bail to forfeit such ball, so that tho criminals themselves should be in Gucenge on well a9 the witnessas. " 7-2 5% 0 and Indian Ovccans. A cable despatch which we print this morn- ing informs us that the osaveation for the sale of the Dutoh settlements in Sumatra and on the consts of Guinea has been signed by the representatives of the Dutch and English gov- eroments, Any one who will glance at the map will see at once that Great Britain has special reasons for desiring the possession of these islands. The cable deapatch does not say New Gainea, but we know that for some time past nezotiations have been pending in regard to the cession of New Guinea to the British government; and we take it that it is New Guinea, not Guinea on the African coast, which is meant. To the British government the islands of Sumatra and New Guinea sre in thomaclves considered of but little value; but the British empire in India, on the one hand, and the growing British empire in Aus- tralia, on the other, make it an impera- tive necessity that no great Power shall find 9 foothold in any of those nnmerous islands that atud the ooean from the northern coasts of Australia to the Malayan archipelago. It would be a serious affair if Germany or Russia or the United States got hold of any of these islands. So long as the Dutch were their only rivals in these equatorial regions England could afford to be indifferent; but now that Germany wants to buy colonial ground England is not unwise to be prompt and active. In spite of all the changes of these eventful times old Bngland is not yet Prepared to give up the empiro of the seas. Why should not the old flag float? After our own what flag so fully and so fairly representa liberty and civilization? Tho Espy Theory of Artificial Rain Tested im tho Northwest. The enormous combustion in the vast fires of the Northwest has reopened the discussion of agrave physical and economio problem, Many years ago Professor Espy advanced the hypothesis that, in dry and rainless soa- sons, the desponding farmor might prodace artificial rain for his withering and blighted crops by kindling large fires and conflagra- tions, He urged that it was better for tho community of suffering agriculturists to burn portions of their woodland than to see the supply of bread cut off and the whole soil scorched to death. When the distinguished meteorologist had published bis views many admiring friends of this gentleman in the rural districts took the pains to collate and forward to him reliable data corroborative of his theory, and it is impossible to read a tithe of them without boing convinced that, under cer- tain favorable circumstances, such as a calm atmosphere and a high dew-point, rain is induced by the artificial combustion, even on avery limited scale. In numerous instances copious showers, restricted, however, to very small areas, fell over and around the region of fallow or wood burning, to the great relief of the soil. If there ever was an opportunity for testing the Espy theory ona grand scale it has been afforded in the late wide-spreading forest fires of the Northwest and in the awfal conflagra- tion of Chicage, No such artificial burning was ever known, aad it would scem that ifthe hype- thesis in question were correct, as practically extended to large districis, as Mr. Espy pro- posed to extend it, the flames which since August have been ravazing the States of Min- nesota, Wisconsin and Michigan should have caused seas of rain, and should have proved eelf-extinguishing many weeks ago. Such, we know, has not been the case, The theory proceeded upon the supposition that the artificial heat, by causing an ascend- ing current of air and a ceatre of rarefaction, would induce the inrash of air from all sides, which would also ascend, be cooled, and thus precipitate its moisture. It is highly question- able whether the facts as reported from the Northwest bear out the reasoning, and there is much reason for believing that Professor Espy’s generalization was deduced from an in- sufficient number of details, and left out some essential counter-considerations, The great movements of the atmosphere are produced by fluctuations in the serial ocean, extending for hundreds and even thousands of miles, any one of which is an agenoy so grand “and potential that when compared with ft even the fires of the Northwest sink into insiznifi- cance. It is no uncommon thing, as daily at- tested by the Washington weather reports, to see « barometrio hollow or depression in the Gulf of Mexico exert {te drawing influence from New Orleans to the Upper Mississippi Valley in a few bours, or to see one on Lake Michigan induce a veering of the winds on the Atlantic coast and causing them to blow to- wards the Lakes. A phenomenon of such maguitude has not once been approached in the late forest conflagration. Meteorologists have shown that, in a rain which should give & fall ofone inch for a State as iarge as South Carolina or as large as Ireland, the volume of latent heat set free in the clouds would exceed that evolved by the combustion of three hun- dred and fifty million tons of the best coal— more than four times the entire yield of all the mines of Great Britain. In this country it is @ frequent occurrence that for tiers of States, and even for the whole area of country east of the Mississippi, ‘a single storm will bring more than an inch of rainfall and often got amount, This rainfall, too, will be altaneous over a dozen States, each larger than South Carolina, thus evolving an aggregate of latent heat which beggars description an@ defies all cal- culation, and in comparison with which the heat generated at any ono time in the North- west will clearly appear to bo little more than an ordinary bonfire, 1 The latent heat evolved in the storm centre, it is moreover to be considered, becomes sen- sible heat, and is an agoncy counter to that of the artificial heat, and the latter oanaot for a moment dispute the controlling supremacy with the former, The ordinary storm centre, into which, as into a vortex, the erlo ocean for thousands of miles aroand, is me- chanically drawn, would probably refuse to be diverted a single mile from its path by the feeble call from a blazing forest of maay hun- dred square miles. So fur from it, a8 meéteorol- ogists have demonstrated, the storm centre, on the contrary, is attracted towards ri of very molst atmosphere, where the supply of vapor for its powerful machinery is abundant, and « region of great dronght ae aeyiaie ‘Wke that of the burned Northwestern distelot would rather conel then larite the caarbpingiag we re Seer. Ap we nave before suzgested, It Is possible that im the intense distress of the interior past Of the country well-meaning but injudieiens experimenters have fired the forests in bepes of inducing rain, It may be true that rain has fallen; but {t has not followed im causal Connection with the unfortunate and dreadfall combustion, unless it may have beon in small quantities and over isolated and narrow belie of land. The fabled Prometheus successfelig attempted to steal fire from heaven, but it wad ® dearly bought success, The farmer whe attempts to force rain from the skies is Ul to fare as badly as the famous myth hero, and, if he escapes the vulture, to be the prey of famine, Strange to say (if the Bog theory holds) that the Signal Service reports show that from the 20th of September to Oste~ ber 6 inst., when the forests were all eblase and the supposed cause was at its e not a single drop of rain fell at St Minn., and less than one-fifth of an inodh ab Duluth, at the head of Lake Superior. The numerous accounts, classio and moderm, in our possession, giving the particulars of the eruptions of Vesuvius, with the single exeepe tion of that of December, 1631, miake mention of the formation of extonsive nor of heavy rainfall, And, it is a notorious physical fact that; all along the western coasts of South America—lined as they are by enore mous volcanic furnaces as Cotapaxl, Chim- borago and Aconcagua, whose flames, shooting three thousand feet above their craters, tiave often proved as the lighthouse of the mariaeg far out in the Pacific—perennial drought aa Egyptian rainleasness blight and ourse the land, Certainly, it would seem, a0 experiment can be more dangerous or foolhardy at thie season than that of producing artifiolal rain by fires, It wasa great mistake ever to have propagated the theory, and active measures should everywhere be taken to frown it dows and to prevent its being tested. Tho Proposed Tunnel Under the UGritie® Channel. The accomplishments of science in the present age will mark praiseworthy epochs ia ita history. Mountains have been pierced, continents spanned, and the waters of different seas have been mingled together. In the im terest of commerce and for the benefit of mam have these great achievemegts been brought to a successful consummation, The from horse has scarcely commenced his travels bee neath the snow-capped tops of the Alps ere the question of tuanelling that “‘silver streak of sea” which separates England from France la again brought into public notice. The fens bility of this work is vouched for by the most accomplished engincers of the countries @& either side of the channel, The miserable accommodations of the boats which cross the Dover Straits are perplexing sources of anaoys ance to the thousands who every yoar visit the Continent from England for either pleasure or business. This in itself is a grievamee which, no doubt, could be remedicd, bat the manifold advantages to both countries which would spring from the successful accomplish- ment of the undertaking to which we refer ace manifest to every thinking person. It would Prove a bond of friendship between Enzglan® and France long and lasting. It is now many years since the project was first broached. Then as now it was favorably regarded by scientific mon, The foremost among them believed in its pene ticability and advocated its undertaking, Since the subject was first introduced the waters of the Red Sea have been let into thd Mediterranean, Italy and France have bees brought closer together by the fron’ bonds which lie beneath Mont Cenis, and our ows Continent has been spanned by a chain which unites in a measure the Atlantic to the Pacifie. These experiences of the past will help largely to solve the difficulties of the future, The present day knows ‘‘no such word as fail It is more than probable that, had not the late war robbed France of a portion of her greal. ness and laid a heavy hand upon her resources, even now the work under the sen woulll, be in progress. If eight miles of hard aa@ flinty rock could not resist the labor of mam it is soarcely possible that twenty-one miles, of chalky soil will cause him to fear the resulf of a no leas important undertaking, Louls Napoleon, in the days of his power, and the late Lord Palmerston, were strongly tm- pressed with the importance of the work, The sentiments of the people of both Bag land and France, even from the little thal’ was really understood of the matter, were in hearty accord with the views of the great Premier and the no less thoughtful Emperor, Io June, 1868, an international committes, composed of eminent English and French engineers, submitted a most saogulne report on the proposed undertaking. The committee contained the “names of John Hawkshaw, William Low, James Brunlees, Michel Cheva- lier, Paulin Talabot, and Thomé de Gamoad, It was their expressed belief then that with @ certain amount of risk the work could be accomplished, The risk was limited to ene contingency—‘“‘the possibility of sea water finding its way by some uaforeseen Assure inte the workings in quantity too great to be overs come.” The estimated cost of the work was ten millions, and the time to be occupied in ity, construction was calculated at ten years. The great success of the Mont Cenis tunnel, how ever, and its accomplishment within the time specified, at a cost considerably less thaw the estimated price set on its constraction, may have the effect of causing a reduction ie the present estimates on the Straits of Dover undertaking. In place of ten years’ time the work might be done in half or even less, and the expense of the tunnel might also be largely reduced, Even placing it at the ostimate given in time and money, there is every reason to expeot that the undertaking will be attempted, and to the many great achieve- ments of the age will be added a tunmel beneath the “silver streak of sen,” which separates England from tho Continent of Europe. LOW WATER IN THE HUDSON, POUOHKEKESIB, N, Y., Nov. & 167 The water is very low in the Hudson thie afte noon. Yesterday and to. several voasels egroundon the Flats, but wi get oat hign wales. PROM OHARLESTON, CHARLESTON, 8. 0., Nov. 3, 187k. Mr. Cnrdoza, tho colored Secretary of State ef South Caro:ina, has resigned to accept a profeaser- whip in Howard University at Womngton. 8 Icom yollow taree during ae lant (weaty-Somr Lous, - * °