The New York Herald Newspaper, September 1, 1871, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROVRIETOR, Volume XXXV | AMUSEMENTS TS EVENING. berwoen Sth and 6th ave.— | ION KSS. ROOTIVS THEATRE, Liste Li AdDT ROWERY THEATRE, Bowery.-“ON THE Track"—A } Comxpy, NIRL Houston GARDEN, Broadway, .— THe Dawa or Fae between Prince and LINA EDWIN'S THUATRE, No. 72 & Lron’s Minorneis Broadway.—KELLY WALLACK’S THEATRE. Buve Brann. dway and 13th street.— GLOBE THEATRE, 728 Broadway.--NxGno Ecorn Tat CITIES, BURLESQUES, &O. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Taz BaLLet Pan- Tomine OF Humpty Dumpty. WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broa ances afteruoon and cvenin; YY, corner 30th st. —Perform- Vhedde PARK THEATRE, Bro: " a DI Bin, rooklyn.—Tur Wircues or NEw SAN FRANCISCO MINSTREL HALL, 585 dway.— Tue BAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS. ie rai TERRACE GARDEN, 58th street, between Lexington and ava.—JULIEN'S CONCERTS, CENTRAL PARK -Tnropor® TuoMas’ QuMMER Nias’ Cono: GLOBE THEATRE, Brooklyn, opposite City Hall,—Va- Bilkry ENTERTAINMENT. WITH CONTENTS OF Tu-DAYS HURALB, SUPPLEMENT Friday, September 1, 1871. Pack. 1—Advertisements. 2—Advertuisements, 3—Masonic—Department of Butldings—Saving Fu: , neral Expenses—Marriages and Deatus—Ad- Vertisemenis, 4—Eaditorials: | eading Article,“The Board of Health | and the biithy Conattion of the City”—Personal | Intelligence—Weuther keport—Amusement Announcments. S—Hurricane in St. Thor News trom Frane ‘The Revere Slauy tou—Views ot 6—The terrivle 1 Paterson Passion Prologue, the » tne Dounle Death Denovement; Suicide of the Lover; The Ine quest; Who Was the Womun with Altce? Con. | fession of vane Jolnson; lioseuzweig Sues Out a Writ of Habeas Corpus, 7—Advertisements, S—Darien: Heport of Captain Selfridge, of the Darien Surveying Expediuon, to the ment of tne l 41 States of Colum: frow Central Am Fearful Loss of Life— ad and Germany— | ws from Washing- iness Nowe 1, Venezucia and the —The Chautanqua } pun is— Americ at of Docks—Proceeding Criminal Catihroats—Tombs @=Towbs Police Court (Contin } -Ivaly and Kome: Ti The Health © rice Court. a from Eighth | pe’s Eneychi®al | of the Pori—Tae | ‘ar’ from the gence—Univer Reput Buuier-Hawley Dirt Fingers of Hoboken" vana Weekly Ma W—Aguatics : Grand International Roat Ra Haliiax; the Taylor-Ty rew Viet — Yachting. ervatives—Ship- ‘s1es,—The Secretary of the Treasury gives notice of his intention to re- | deem one bundred millions of the first issues of 1862 five-twenty bonds in furtherance of | his refunding of the old debt into the new loan, Inasmuch as the interest on the desig- | nated bonds will cexse on D there will, doubtless, be a general car of safes, bureaus and perhaps old s Es, to | hunt out the prescribed bonds, whose coupons will be worthless afier the above date. The mumbers and descriptions of the bonds so to be redeemed are given in full in our Washing- | ton despateh. Tue Presipknt arrived in Wasbington yes- terday and a Cabinet meeting wiil be held to- day, It is known that at this meeting a decla- ration of martial law in certain counties in | South Carolina will be agreed upon, and the President will probably issne his order in re- lation thereto befoe returning to Long Branch. Tne PHirapEecpnia Press says the repub- fican canvass in Pennsylvania, “while not remarkably active, is unusually harmonious.” Better infuse a little activity into it. Too much harmony tends to drowsiness. Strike up some music, if only with a cracked fiddle. Tue Vincrxia Convention has adjourned without announcing any particular platform*® of principles. Its abject seemed to be merely to organize the Old Virginia conservative party, and it seems to succeeded adini- rably in org cord between the Jeff Davis ti men. new departure certain republican papers in chnsetts in case General Butler should get the republican nomination for Governor! ifows!ands Gene- | ral Banks on the question? y don't be break cover one way or the othe 1 4 Secretary Boutwell might be induced to say something about his friend Batier in his forth- | coming speeches on nd finance, APPLICATION was made yesterday, before | Judge Sutherland, of the Supreme Court, for a writ of habeas corpus in the cause of Rosen- zweig, alias Dr. Ascher, The Judge granted the writ, making the same returnable at eleven A. M. to-day, when the accused will be brought before the Court and a hearing had upon an application for his discharge from eustody. “A Sunsoniper” wants to know if a Catholic bora in the United States, having all the necessary qualifications and receiving a ma- jority of the electoral votes, is eligible to the Presidency. Of course he is; although a “born Catholic” or a “born Protestant” would be something of a novelty in this country. The only constitutional requirement is that the President shall be a natural born citizen of the United States, not less than thirty-five years of age. Tug CHorera has carried death and desola- tion to a sma!! village in East Prussia to such an extent that at the present rate of mortality it will soon be entirely depopulated. Precau- tionary measures have been taken by the gov- ernment, but the epidemic has unfortunately implanted itself so firmly in those parts that it will pursue its dead!y errand until arrested by the coming cold weather. The cable has kept us well informed of the progress of the cholera, and if it ehould jay these shores it will not be from lack of war | The graphic character | minuteness with which the plague spots of the NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY. SEPTEMBER 1, 1871.—WITH SUPPLEMENT, The Bosra of Wenlth and the Filthy Condition of the City. The Board of Health bezan the great task of purifying the city in the propor way. Having ali the facts before them, they can now proceed intelligently and vigorously ; but to accomplish anything that will be of real and lasting benefit they must take a more | comprehensive view of their duty than seems to be contemplated at this time. Not only must the markets, the streets and tbe tene- ment houses be thoroughly cleansed, but something must be done to prevent the annual recurrence of the evils from which we are | now suffering. The sanitary inspectors have told the Board that our ptiblic markets are 80 constructed that it is impossible to keep them in more thao fair sanitary condition. Dr. Morris shows, however, that even this is not done; and the condition of Wasbinzton Market especially is always one of reeking filth, This market, and not it alone, but nearly all of the others, is as noxious as would be ag abattoir or a fat-boiling establishment in the very heart of the city. If the city will not replace these old and dilapidated buildings by structures fitted for the purposes for which they are intended, and all efforts at renova- tion after the removal of the boots and stands in tho street should fail, as they inevitably mnst, the duty of the Health Department will become imperative. Notwithstanding the in- convenience that would be occasioned and the outcry that would be raised, it will then become the duty of the Board to close them up as nuisances detrimental to the public health, The filthy marketman must be dealt with just as the fat-boiler, or any other person engaged in a business which engenders disease is now treated. It is a desperate remedy for a desperate evil; but, sooner or later, it must be applied. The sooner some- thing of this kind is done the better; for every day the cholera comes nearer and nearer; and if it makes its appearance in this city these plague spots will court a fearful epidemic. We do not forget that the marketmen of New York wield a powerful political influence, and that for years they have exerted it to pre- serve the wretched buildings we call markets, But the Board of Health must rise above every | political consideration, and think only of the great public duty committed to their hands. If the cholera comes here in its devastating | course, and is assisted in its work by the filthy condition of the city the public condemnation will be irresistible. No political considera- tions will weigh with the people in comparison with the issue of life and death, And these | reports of the sanitary inspectors and in be- half of the Sanitary Committee will rise up ia judgment at that direful hour, Extenuating 5 | circomstances will be ruled out of the case, , and from every quarter will be heard the cry, “You knew your duty, but you did it not.” these reports, and the metropolis are designated, will in themselves be a stronger ‘condemnation than the bitterest words of denunciation, It is impossible for | the Board of Health to put aside their awful | responsibility in this mgatter, and we point out their duty and the consequences of a failure to fulfil it thus warmly to strengthen them in the task that is before them and to assist | them in their arduous work. He would be a bold man who would make a pilgrimage through any of our markets after the revelations of the Board of Health. Al- most all the stalls in all tbe markets are in a | filthy condition from want of proper care. The alleys are slippery with mud and grease. There are piles of eweep'ngs under benches and behind chopping blocks, and the defects in the flooring are used a3 a convenience to hide away filth, Everywhere are the most horrible and sickening smells, Even the sidewalks are slippery with accu- mulated filth, and the gutters are full of offal and decaying animal matter. These things are true not only of the markets and of the streets and sidewalks appropriated by the marketmen, but of many other places in the city. Broadway itself is far from being clean, and most of the downtown thoroughfares are next to unendurable. Even above Fourteenth street the cross streets within a stone’s throw of Fifth avenue reek with the foulest and most offensive odors. The fruit stands which block up the sidewalks oa every crowded corner are miniature markets not less noisome and un- healthy than Washington Market itself. What right have these people to inoculate the city with disease by carrying on their filthy traffic in the poblic streets? It is a practice that is becoming only less a nuisance than those ter- rible nuisances the markets, But the greater evils must first be cured, and then it will be time to look after these little sinners, Just here rises one of the gravest questions with which the authorities of New York have to deal—the condition of the streets. While : the tenement houses continue to use the gut- ters a3 the receptacles for garbage it is vain to expect either clean streets or a pure atmos- phere, Yet a walk of half an hour in any part of the city will reveal the fact that the ordi- nances of the Common Council are habitually violated almost under the eyes of the police. The streets themselves, badly paved and worn into holes in many places, share with the gut- ters their forbidding office, and pools of filth and muddy water fester like so many sores and emit the most unhealthy vapors day and night. If we need any one thing more than another after clean and healthy markets and unob- structed sidewalks, that one thing is a system of paving which shall make these filth pools impossible. We want no experiments in street making and no objectionable patent pave- ments; but we are sadly in need of solid, smooth and well laid streets, From Paris and London we never hear such complaints as we are constantly compelled to make in regard to the streets of our own city, because in those capi- tals the paving is not of that uncertain kind everywhere to be seen in this metropolis, If we had good streets it would be comparatively easy to keep them clean, and we can have them by wisely copying the European ex- ample. While we are discussing schemes for rapid transit out of town—boping thereby to relieve the lower part of the city—we forget to in- quire into the great causes which are always making the downtown streets impassable. The limited market accommodations, attracting multitudes of buyers .and sellers, with thou- these confined buildings, are in the main re- sponsible for it. The avenues leading to the Brooklyn and Jersey City and Hoboken fer- ries are through the markets, choked up with stalls and booths, leaving only a narrow passageway along the sidewalks for pedes- trians. If Washington and Fulton Markets could be replaced by new buildings, such as | those which are the pride of - Philadelphia, | while the market accommodations were sup- plemented by houses for the same purposes at the foot of Canal and other streets, the crowds | down town would not be so great, while the unhealthy etmosphere of Vesey or Fulton street could be avoided. A huge fire, licking up the sheds which are the disgrace and the curse of the metropolis, is the constant prayer of many of our citizens. This is a blessing | not to be expected, for these buildings are too | wretched even to burn. Our only hope is in the Board of Health, and, charged as are the members of that body with caring for the health of the city, they cannot disregard their duty. In the end they will be compelled to close these markets as the nursorles of dis- ease; and if they are bold enough to take the Heat's advice and do it now they will con- fer a lasting benefit upon the metropolis. In @ year or two not only would epidemics grow- ing out of uncleanliness no longer threaten us, but we should have markets that would be an honor to the city. It is a matter of the gravest importance whether this thing shall be done now, or whether we are to await the coming calamity which will compel it. i The question for the Board of Health is a simple one—Can the markets, by clearing away the stalls from the sidewalks and by proper renovation, be made sufficiently clean not to generate disease? If an affirmative answer can be made to this, then let it be done at once; but if the response is in the negative, as we fear it will be, then let us close up the pest houses till we can build new markets, The Trunk Murder—Its Latest Aspects. The sin of poor Alice Bowlsby is cutling a wide swath of desolation. Her family—the mother and two younger daughters—are suf- fering that intense grief that refuses to be comforted, and one of her lovers—Walter Conkling, the son of a Paterson alderman— yesterday deliberately committed suicide. Whether he is the one who ruined Alice and brought her to such a miserable ending remains to be shown at the Coroner's inquest, which commences to-day. The name of an- other gentleman friend of Alice’s—one Tripp— is mentioned in connection with the woe that befell her; but be bas disappeared, and his whereabouts is not known, The inquest of in the matter, and present a narra- tive so much more strange than any conceivable fiction that it ought to prove anever present warning against the commis- sion of the one crime that carries euch terrible woe in its wake. There can be but one ver- dict rendered, Alice Bowlsby came to her death by cruel malpractice at the bands of Dr. Ascher, alias Dr. Rosenzweig. Whatever formal links are to be supplied to complete the legal chain of evidence, that fact is firmly established in the minds of all the people of this city whohave ordinary intelligence. Now whit is to be done with Dr. Rosenzweig ? Already we have indications that lawyers’ quibbles and cunning counsel's fence will not be wanting to aid him. A motion for a writ of habeas corpus was presented and granted in his behalf yesterday, requiring that he be pro- duced this morning before Judge Sutherland, in the Supreme Court. Chambers, when, no doubt, an effort will be made to have him re- Jeased on buil. It is not likely that he can be released even on heavy bail, in the present state of public excitement; but it is evident from the motion that no stone will be left un- .| turned to save him from the vengeance of the law. We have precedent to be found among the stone quarries at Sing Sing for his incar- ceration at hard labor, but none for his execu- tion, although hia deliberate attempt to spirit away the body and to hide the effect of hig malpractice may put a new and more tangible aspect of wilful murder in the eyes of the law upon this most horrifying case. The Latest News from France, The National Assembly of France is sadly in need of harmony. The appeal of M. Picard yesterday was indeed well timed, and, it is to be hoped, not made in vain. Patriotic Frenchmen must blush to contemplate such violent Scenes as took place in the Assembly the day before yesterday. The remainder of the preamble investing the National Assembly with constituent powers bas been adopted. It is well that this vexed question should have been settled one way or another, for a further suspense would have impeded leislation and the machinery of the government. Bat those who think that M. Gambetta will abide by the decision of the majority are pro- bably mistaken. Nothing is further removed from the fiery, unruly temper of the ex-Dicta- tor of France than meek submission, and he will set all bis influenceéo work to accomplish the dissolution of the Chamber. Nor is he likely to be over-scrupulous as to the means of carrying out this object. It is already reported that the Deputies of the Left will resign in o body. If this news be true the resolution has probably been originated by Gambetta. The question of the prolongation of M. Thiers’ powers seems to be progressing toward a sat- isfactory solution, if we are to judge from the tone of the conservative organs in Paris and the fact that a motion eulogizing the conduct of M. Thiers was carried by an overwhelming majority. In ORDER not to interrupt the line of succes- sorship to the gubernatorial chair of Iowa, Governor Merrill, of that State, declines to accept the resignation of the President pro tem. of the State Senate in consequence of his being in that capacity Acting Lieutenant Gov- ernor, owing to the election of Lieutenant Governor Walden to Congress. It is some- what rare to find an office-holder making the way smooth and easy for his successor, espe- cially when his own death or removal is the contingency upon which that successor shall step into hie shoes, But they have some honest politicians out West. War Has Baan Deciarep between the new departurists and the Bourbons in Kentucky. The Louiaville Courier-Journal leads off with @ tremendous five-columa editorial, blazing sands of wagons conveying produce to and from , voint blank into the ranks of the latter. to-day will doubtless divulgo all the facts ! Mexico, General Graot’s Administration and Manifest Deati It was on the plea of humanity—humanity to the Mexicans—and the general interests of civilization, that the French Emperor, Napo- leon the Third, sent an army of twenty-five thousand men into Mexico to abolish the republic and to set up an imperial Franco- Austrian protectorate in its place, That plea, on the general principles involved, was a good one; but, unfortunately, the ‘grand Napo- leonic idea” upon which it was based—a French occupation of Mexico—was directly in the teeth of the grand American idea of the Monroe doctrine of European non-intervention in the domestic affairs of American States. And so Napoleon, with the suppression of Jeff Davis, was argued by our inexhaustible Secretary of State, Mr. Seward, into the opinion that the best thing for France in reference to Mexico was to get out of it as fast as possible. And so the French army of occupation was withdrawn, and poor Maxi- milian, left to the tender mercies of his Mexi- can friends, was sacrificed in his courageous but foolish efforts to maiatain his impossible empire. Still the plea of Napoleon, that humanity and the general interests of civiliza- tion call for the intervention of some strang arm to save the Mexicans from themselves, is as good to-day as it was ten years ago. “Manifest destiny,” too, from the special advices which we published yesterday touch- ing the revolutionary cabals and fighting fac- tions, and the general condition of anarchy now prevailing in the Mexican States, from the Rio Grande to the capital, and from the capital to the seaboard on both sides—‘‘mani- fest destiny,” we say, is now looming up again into bold relief, We presume, however, that President Grant, after his experience on his St. Domingo adventure, will be in no hurry to pursue this idea of ‘‘manifest destiny” into Mexico. He will be apt to adhere more closely than ever, in the absence of Congress, to the saving policy of non-intervention. Nev- ertheless, the present disordered state of things in most of the Mexican Slates, and the evident signs of the near approach of another revolutionary war dowa there for the posses- sion of the central government, considering the interests of American citizens in that coun- try and their treaty rights in matters of trade, intercourse and property, it becomes the duty of the President to see to it that even in Mexico “the laws are faithfully executed.” President Juarez, in the fulfilment of his treaty obligations toward the United States, aciuated by a becoming sense of gratitude and respect, has behaved very well. But he is in danger, and may be any day now superseded or deposed by a combination of hostile cliques in Congress, or by some revolutionary interlo- per, at the poiat of the bayonet. And thena new party—an ultra Mexican party—may come into power, which may make Mexico too hot for “the Yankees” to be comfortable or safe for them as residents, travellers or traders. In this view General Grant cannot ignore the present revolutionary events and movements in Mexico, He is bound to keep an eye on them, and if, in the abseace of Congross, any event in Mexican affairs shall take place call- ing for active intervention in behalf of Aneri- can rights under treaty stipulations, he may detail General Sherman or General Sheridan or any other general with an army to go into Mexico to enforce the executioa of the law ia obedience to his oath of office. We have always thought it a great misfor- tune that General Scott, after his conquest and occupation of ‘ihe halls of the Monte- zumas,” in 1847, refused to accept the dictator- ship of Mexico in the name of the United States, which- was offered him. We declined the honor, however, on the ground that the universal liberty and negro equality of Mexico could not be made to harmonize with negro slavery and negro inequality as they then existed in the United States under the consti- tution. But that difficulty is now removed, and the time is evidently fast approaching when the annexation of Mexico will become the leading political question in the United States; and, peace or war, the proposition will be as irresistible with the people as was the proposition for the annexation of Texas. The question may possibly be precipitated upon us in 1872, and if the administration draws back the democratic party will ‘‘jump” at the com- manding capital of ‘‘manifest destiny,” not- withstanding its holy horror of the St. Domingo scheme. Mr. Bovrwetn Wr “Risz to Ex- piain.”—The Boston Advertiser announces that Secretary Boutwell will address the peo- ple of Ohio, and possibly of Massachusetts, on political and financial questions, ‘‘as soon as he has disposed of the two hundred million five per cents.” The latter object having been atiained, we suppose we shall now have the “Great Retrencher” declaring himself in favor of a further reduction of taxation. This policy is hinted at by the Advertiser in the following editorial remarks :— The government does not need its present im- mense revenue; and the industries of the country, although favored by 1ts wonderful elasticity, need a rest after ‘en years of heavy and burdensome tax- anon. That the national debt is in the way of gradual extrction the country ana the world Know. But to continue at the furious rate we have been going is like keeping the muscles of an athlete in a state of perpetual tension. This is a capital time for such talk, es- pecially in Ohio and Pennsylvania, where the republican canvass lags, Tre Woman's Ricnts Movement has ex- tended even to the obscure and remote island of St. Vincent, in the West Indies. The usual monotony of the news is relieved to- day by the highly interesting announce- ment that the Goveroor of St. Vincent, being a champion of woman's rights, has appointed a Madame Checkly ‘regular General” of the army. The Governor cannot be serious gbout the matter. He is probably a man addicted to fun and practical joking. Thus, in one of his ironical moods, he might have entrusted Madame with that highly important military command, just to see how far it is possible to carry the joke of the thing. Tne Labor Tribune, Lancaster, Pa., and, as its name indicates, an organ of the Labor Reformers, says General Butler's ideas on labor reform are in the main correct, but “considerably warped to fit the position he holds and the objects he has in view.” That is generally the case with politicians, If the Labor Reform nomination for the Presidency is in the market set down Ben Butler as a bidder for the nool—Geary or no Geary. The Germ Theory of Epidemics, The intelligent discussion of this topic has recently bécome of the gravest moment, In this annus mirabilis the violence of nature's throes seems about to be aggravated by the dread forms of disease and pestilence, with their ghastly horrors, It is a maxim that to be forewarned is to be forearmed; and it is high time that the attention and analysis of the most scientific minds and most skilful experi- menters should be concentrated upon the theory of which we are to speak. If one-half that has been advanced by the most untiring and most sagacious microscopists in behalf of the germ theory of contagious disease be true, or if the splendid results es- tablished in France by Pasteur, in Scotland by Lister and in England by Tyndall are worthy of belief, the doctrine of the propaga tion of epidemics, not by spontaneous genera- tion, bat by the diffusion of living infusoria through air and water, is of untold conse- quence. It has been customary to charge all epidemics to uncleanliness, and to assert that thorough disinfection in densely populated cities was a panacea or preventive of epi- demic, It is not so, The most salubripus mountain homes of the Swiss have, not infre- quently, been invaded by ‘‘the pestileace that walketh in noonday ;” while, on the contrary, a fetid Thames and a Jow death rate fre- quently concur in London, and in the not unbealthy city of Cologne, as Coleridge once humorously said, can be counted several hun- dred distinct odors, none of which resemble the celebrated water it exports. Contrary to the explanation of filth and pu- trified matter, or of spontaneous generation in such putrid masses, or of malaria, the germ theory, by fixing upon poisonous animal- cule (capable of rapid reproduction, in count- less myriads and over large geographical areas) as the medium of disease, it at once reconciles and harmonizes facts seemingly most irreconcilable, and points with unerring finger to the source of danger. The atmos- phere, it is well known, is loaded with organic dust, which, with its crawling, burrowing, preying life, is filtrated in the lungs at every inhalation. Wowever ordinary daylight may permit it to disguise itself, the philosopher has only to pass a sufliciently powerful beam of artificial light upon it to reveal the dust sus- pended there, almost as a semi-solid, and upon each particle of this dust, as upon a miniature globe, is there discovered a dease population of infusorial parasites. The evidence of their existence is beyond a seruple of doubt. In 1863 M. Pasteur, the eminent micro- scopist of the French Academy of Sciences, at the urgent request of Dumas, brought this whole subject under his powerful microscope, and the yet more powerful gaze of his own acute mind. Pastenr’s researches began with the dis-ased silkworms of France, upon whose depended. He soon found the germs, plague corpuscles, often so minute in the fertile egz of the silkworm as to escapo detection and baffle the microscope, while yet that instrument clearly revealed the fact that these corpuscles enlarge with the growth of the worm. In 1866, therefore, having ex- amined a number of ihe moths, which produce the eggs, he wrote out a prediction of what would occur in 1867, and placed his prophecy as a sealed letter with public officials, by whom, in due time, it was opened and read and most beautifully verified. Under his powerful lenses the great microscopist washed the claws of diseased worms, and found the plague corpuscles in the water. Wherever a diseased worm touched a healthy one with his claws inoculation ensued. After a contagious repast the number of worms containing the parasite gradually augmented, until it finally became cent per cent. This experimenter con- tends that, with the greatest ease, an island like Corsica might be absolutely isolated from the silkworm epidemic; and his reasoning is apparently applicable to human epidemics, for it is a well-known fact that the English dis- trict of the Scilly Isles, from 1851 to 1860, was absolutely exempt from epidemic. To the argument for the germ theory of epi- demic, so ably, yet so artlessly, and with such searches of Professor Lister, of Edin- burg, in his antiseptic system of surgery. In his operations Professor Lister 8 genuine love of truth, presented in 1867 by Pasteur, are to be added the splendid re- said last January, in the British Medical Jour- nal, that his greatest pains were taken that every tissue laid bare by the knife should be defended from germs and care taken that if they fall upon the wound they shall be killed as they fall. With this in view he showed, upon his exposed surfaces, the spray of diluted carbolic acid, which is peculiarly deadly to the germs, and he surrounds the wound with antiseptic bandages. If, instead of using car- bolic acid spray, he could surround the wound with properly filtered and germless air, the result, he contends, would be the same. For surgery is acquainted with a class of wounds in which the blood is freely mixed with air that has passed through the lungs; no tendency to produce putrefaction, having surgeons that the Lister process has, even in from pywmia, erysipelas and hospital gan- A year ago last January Professor Tyndall, Britain, demonstrated by a beautiful and novel of cotton-wool and then exhaled through a erful electric beam, the slightest evidence of tga and detained in the cotton-wool reapi- Dr, Budd, of Bris‘ol, England, whose studies and highly commended by eminent physicists, years ago typhoid fever raged in the parish not to contamination of the drinking water cause there were one bundred and fifly thou- city drinking the same water with perfect im- of germs and organte life. This celebrated | medical authority says:—The germs cast off | and it is a most striking fact that such air has been filtered in the Inngs, It is well known to the wards where death had been rampant grene, proved a perfect safeguard, lecturing before the Royal Institution of Great experiment that air inbaled throagh a handful glass tube failed to give, under the most pow- remaining fungi, the organisms having beea rator, of the germ theory have been widely known mentions the remarkable instance that ten of St. James, in that city, clearly traceable, by the sewage, as is usually supposed (be- sand inhabitants in the other districts of the punity), but by an infection from the diffusion in the liquid excreta of contagious diseases in virtue of the same pbysical conditioos tiny labors the prosperity of an empire | or | rise into the air by no power of their own, but | which cause the germs of the great tribe o infusoria, which, as their name bespeaks, breed in lignids, to riso in swarms into the same medium.” Hea very pertinontly adds :—‘Mf there were time or need I could show by evi- dence quite as decisive that theso statements apply equally to cholera also.” The Heratp lately published a suggestion concerning the animalcular origin of cholera, There can be no question that the reasoning and fac's of the eminent physicians and physicisis we have meotioned, and the results of their labors, recently published, show con- clusively that the germ theory of cholera, typhoid and other epidemic and contagious diseases puts the skilful and sagacious iaves tigator on the right track, and, if zealoualy and faithfully followed up, it may, at an early day, enable the modern physician to defy the pestilence or to throw around his paticnts a wall of fire, Let no pains be spared in de veloping it practically. The Hurricane at St. Thomas, The special despatches to the Hxraxn this morning give o fearful account of another bur- ricane which occurred at St. Thomas, in the West Indies, on the 21st inst, Tho storm veered round to every point of the compass, and an earthquake made itself felt at the time the hurricane was doing its devastating work, Trees were uprooted, houses unroofed or blown down, and in one or two cases ships were torn from their anchorage and dashed to pieces. Many lives were lost and much pro- perty destroyed. St. Kitts, an English island, about sixty miles to windward, is also reported in ruins. In many respects it was as destructive as the noted hurricane which pre- vented the ratification of Mr. Seward’s famous bargain, but was less disastrous to the ship- ping. In the hurricane of 1868 the great tidal wave which came rolling in from the sea de- stroyed many vessels and submerged the noted dry dock in the harbor. Nothing of this kind is reported in the present instance, the fury of the winds and the shaking earth being the only death-dealing agents, The little town, perched upon its three picturesque hill- sides, and seeming an earthly paradise as its red roofs and lovely surroundings reveal them- selves to the traveller approaching it for the first time, is, indeed, what our despatches characterize it—a most unfortunate village, It seem3 a spot marked out for the violence of the elements, and has suffered more from hur- | ricanes and earthquakes than any part of the | West Indies, In the present case the destruc- tion of human life is unusually terrible, and | the motley population are as nearly in mourn- ing as is possible to the careless and unthink- ing natives of the island. The Wisconsin Revublicnae—Their Platforas and Their Presidentinl Candidate, The Wisconsin republicans have had theit State Convention, have nominated ©. CG. Washbura (a bro.her of our Minister at Paris} as their candidate, and have resolved, in sub- stance, that the republican party deserves the applause of the country; that the new amend- ments to the constitution are just the thing, and that Congress, with the right to enforce” them, should enforce them when necessary ; that they rejoice in the recuperation of the j Southern States, but regret the existence of the Ku Klux Klans; that they believe in the | prosperity of the country and the payment of j the national debt; that they are in favor of a | tariff which will satisfy everybody ; that actual settlers have the paramount right to the public domain; that new safeguards are wanted for the. purity of eleciions, and that, glorying in “the wise and prodent administration of General Grant,” in its foreign and domestic policy, “it deserves and receives our hearty approval”—which, being interpreted, means that General Grant is the Presidential candi- date of the Wisconsin republicans against all comers for 1872, And so, State by State, im their State Conventious, the republicans pro- claim their admiration of General Grant; and yet Mr. Greeley, who can see nothing else while Mr. Murphy is in the Custom House, still goes for cutting off the General with one term. But Mr. Greeley will get to the end of his rope before the month is out, and thén, perhaps, as a Grant man, he will make up for lost time. Who knows? Pnivosopner Greerry’s CoMMITTeR are already coming to terms with the Murphy- Conkling Committee, in view of the coming conflict against Tammany. ‘‘We are ready,” said the Philospher, at the meeting last night, “to act with the republican party.” How clearly the wise Ulysses gauged these little men when he told our correspondent recently, that, like soldiers grumbling over their rations, they would cease when the time for action came, Personal Intelligence. ponies Bishop Kip, of California, yesterday arrived at the Fifth Avenue. General James I. Walker, of Albany, is domicéed at the Metropolitan, Charles H. Sherrill, of Washington, is registered at the St. Nicholas. Gencral Charles R. Woods, of the United States Army, has quarters at the Spingler House. The Rev, Thomas G. Williams, of San Francisce, is at tne Astor. J. N. McCuliough, of Pittsburg, is among the late» arrivals at the St. Nicholas, Dr. Malcolm, of the United States Army, and PB, Willers, Jr., of Seneca county, N. Y., arc at tne Me- tropolitan. Lester B. Babcock, of Lebanon, ts registered a8 the Madison Avenue Hotel. colonel W. H. H. Tucker, of North Carolina, ts a the Sturtevant House, WEATHER RYPORT. e aay, Md hg tat } OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SIGNAL OFFICER, WASHINGTON, Sept. 1—1 A. M. Synopsis for the Past Twenty-four Hours, The high pressure which was Thursday night central in the Ohio Valley and Southwese now extends very generally from Late Michigan to Tennessee and eastward, and has risen with special rapidity to Lake Erie, Virginia, and Massachusetts. The pressure has begun to fall in the extreme northwest. The temperature has fallen very generally east of the Mississippi, aad especially to-night in Onio and Pennsylvania and southward, and has risen at the Rocky Moun- fain stations. Light and diminishing winds have been generally reported, and these are veering to the east in Michigan and Minnesota and souths ward, Cloudmess 18s reported at sume station Oo Lakes Ene and Ontario, Elsewhere clear weather prevails, except on the coast of Texas, where rain nas fallen with Indications of a storm the southward in the Gulf, Provapitities, A storm of some severity will proba! the soutucrn part of sexas aud Une; Husiag baroweter ang orf 4 from Micuiygan fo South ne; barometer aud southerly Winds om Lake 3 + WO Mixsourl and Kentucky,