The New York Herald Newspaper, August 7, 1871, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. All business or news letter and telegraphic Gespatches must be addressed New York Hera. Letters and packages should be properly vealed. Rejected communications will rot be re- turned. alien THE DAILY HERALD, pubdtished every aay in the year. Four centa per copy. Annual supscription price $12. The Evrorgan Eprrion, every Wednesday, at Six CENTS per copy, $4 per annum to any part of Great Britain, or $6 to any part of the Continent, both to include postage. ADVERTISEMENTS, to a Limite? number, will be in- serted in the WEEKLY HeRALD and the European Edition. Volame XXXVI = a AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, NIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway.—Acvoss THe CONTI NENT. LINA EDWIN’ THEATRE. No. 720 Broadway.—Kr.ur & Leon's MinsTEnLa, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery,—BEruTa4, TUR SEWING MACHINE Gini —iuR JOLLY CouuLrs. WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner ith st.—Perform- ances afternoon and evening—Davip Gaurick. TONY PASTOR'S OPFRA HOUSE, No. 201 Bowery.— Dmap Boxkn—LOAN OF 4 Lovin, OLYMPIC THEATRE. Broadway.--ScnNzipEu—New Sones anp Dancas. WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway aud 15th street.— MRS. F. B. CONWAY'S PARK TIEATSE, ‘Tas Lone Sraikr. APOLLO HALL, Twenty-oighth st. and Broadway. —Ex- MUDTTION or Pauis IN FLAMES. ac. a rooklya.— CENTRAL PARK GARDEN,—Turoponz Tomas’ Sumuxe Nicurs’ Coxcgars. <r CONTENTS OF Paas, 4—Advertisements, @—Aaveriisements, 3—Financial and Commercial Reports——Domestic Mar! ‘oreign Personal Gossip and Miscel- ms—Marriages and Deaths—Adver- Leading Article, “The Elections in A Test of Spanish-Ame Amusement Announce S—Riot in ireland: A Fenian Amnesiy Dublin Attacke} by the Before ihe \iceregal P: Of the Police and Ke: News from France i News from Wasnington—! 14 Pestience— Aliscellancous — Telegran rsoual Inbelll- gence—Local News—Views of the vast—Busi- hess Notices. €—Religions : 's Sermons in the Metr lus and Elsewhere; Exhortations on th flela Exploston; The Verdict of the Cr Yachting— APSOUS; Criminal Caretessuess Caused ihe Calamity; Municipal Corruptton in the Puipit. %—Condemned: A Scene in the San Francisco Jali; Thrilling Interview with the Crittenden M deress; Animated Deience of Free Lov — and Fears of Laura D. Fair—The Expe- dition to Corea—The Wesitield Explosion— National Academy of Design: Second Exhibt- tien of Paintings and Sculpture— Funeral of a See St eey, Seward for Presi- ent. ®—Napoleon and Eugenie: How a Glass of Gin Him Emperor of France; Uxisting Re- lations between the Emperor and Empress— The Great German Gymnastic festival—Jef- Jerson and Essex Maréet j’olice Courts—Canal Collapse—The Late Acciaeut on the New Haven Raiiroad—Perilous Pleasure—Hyaro- jobia Again—Sudden !esih—New Jersey items — Shipping Intelligence — Advertise- Bents, AFvit Nearo Jury in Buffalo has just tried and acquitted a couple of notoricus negro women for plying their vocation. It is the first full negro jury, we believe, that has yet been empanelled in the North, and it bas made a damaging record to begin with. Our colored citizens may always be sure of fair and impartial treatment by our white citizens, but they ought not themselves (o bring up so offensively the question of caste as they seem to have done in this instance. Tae Jewisn Sanaeprim ar AvGsRURG.— In the Heap of yesterday we printed a full report of the proceedings of the Jewish Synod at Augsburg, furnished by our special cor- respondent in that ctty. The Synod seems to have been a great success. It gratifies us to learn that the Hebrews are gradually, year after year, coming more into harmony with the progressive spirit of the age. Judaism is etill strong, and in the religious fusions of the fature it seems destined to play a prominent aot See Gortp Banks are evidently not what the people want in the way of specie payments, Two were established several months ago—one at San Francisco, where gold and silver are the ordinary currency, and one at Boston, where greenbacks are ata slight discount— and it seems there has been oo further appli- cations for the establishment of them. The truth is that specie payment is merely a catch- word of the philosophical and bookish finan- ciers, and that the practical merchants and bankers of the day are content with green- backs until rold and silver money springs into current use from natural and healthy causes. A Brrrisn Restpent of WasiincTon has led off in the bill of damages agaiust the United States, under the new treaty, by pre- senting his claim to the British agent for a large sum of money on account of the seizure by the government daring the war of his cane factory. The claims will now doubtless flow in rapidly; but, as they all grow ont of mat- ter easy of access, no doubt our government agents will take good care to verify them before they order their payment. The field for fraud is a new and promising one, and many may engage therein. We would com- mend to the government agents the careful examination of naturalization registries among other fraud preveatives. Mus. Fair's Casz.—Our San Francisco correspondent had a somewhat remarkable interview recently with Mrs. Fair, the mur- Geress of Crittenden, in her cell in the San Francisco jail. This strange woman, it seems, contested the right of Crittenden to live with his wife, because they did not love one another, and holds to it that she (the marder- ess) and Crittenden were the lawfal pair, because they did love one another. Accord- ingly, in a moment of temporary insanity, she shot Crittenden, and now regretted only one thing—that he was not present to defend her, She feels confident of a final reprieve, because, as she says, her case is a political one, and when she is tried again (here will be a new judge on the bench. In , she wagers her life on the election, and siands fair w lose, other wor NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, AUGUST ‘rue rections in Mexice—A Test o: Spanish- American Republicanism. The results growing out of the recent Presidential election in Mexico and the manner in which the Mexican Congress will deal with the question of the choice of a successor to President Juarez are the severest tests to which the republic can be put. In this matter they will settle for themselves, before the eyes of the whole world, whether they are a people fit for free government. Whatever the majority of the Mexican people may think to the con- trary, and however arbitrary or wrong may have been many of his acts, Juarez was the best executive the country has had in very many years. It is doubtfal if General Diaz can govern haif so long or half so well. The administration of the government in Mexico is no easy task under the most favorable circum- stances; but when the President has the enmity of a large and powerful faction like any one of the three existing parties in that country tho difficulties of his position are largely increased. Should Congress re-elect Juarez it will do so with the certainty that his rule will be a strong one; should Diaz be chosen it is doubtful if the Juarez faction can be controlled to preserve the peace. In any event a crisis is certain, and it is doubtfal if it can be passed in safety. The history of the Spanish-American repub- lics has not been cheering to the friends of republican liberty. A chronic state of disor- der, rendered more vivid by frequent and bloody revolutions, has been the condition of all of them, and more especially of Mexico than of the others, ir presidents have been dictators and their dictators tyrants. A few bold and reckless adventurers could at any time find a sufficient number of followers to overturn the government of a State and para- lyze the industry of the people. Absolute peace never prevails in any of them. Mexico is now as free from internal commotions as at any time in her history, and yet the news from that country brings us constant reports of the progress of the war in Guerrero, and only a few days ago our special correspondent sent us. full details of the assault and capture of Tampico, Before many months there may be two rival presidents marshalling hostile ar-— mies against each other and distracting the country by feuds unworthy of the republic. We hope for a better state of affairs, and yet we cannot close our eyes to the fact .that another civil war is one of the contingencies of the approaching crisis. The Spanish-American republics are repub- lics only in name. Neither the people nor their rulers understand the meaning of liberty. In the eyes of both license is preferable to law. Even in Cuba the repub- lic would have failed if left to itself; indeed, its failure is to be attributed to the want of the true republican feeling among the Cubans, Cespedes or Agramonte, Bembeta or Que- sada was of more consequence in the minds of most of their followers than the liberty of which the republic and not they was the em- bodiment. But this all peoples of Spanish, and, indeed, of Latin extraction, fail to under- stand. Many of them ardently believe ina republican form of government, but nearly all of them misconceive its meaning. The Ger- man is content with his Emperor, but the Emperor knows that it is not in his power to witbhold liberty from the people. The Eng- lish chafe under their limited or constitutional monarchy, but they know that they havea republic in fact if not in name. But the Cuban, the South American, the Mexican clings to the name of the republic, but only to verify the old fable of the dog which let fall the substance io grasping after the shadow. At first blush it may seem strange that a people who have so generally copied after the republic of the United States should utterly fail to receive the great lessons which the American republic teaches. An election with them is the signal for disorder, and the success of either party the beginning of rev- olution, It isto the honor of the American people that with us all this is different. The heat of the most flery campaign dies away when the sun of election day sinks into the west. The inaungaration of a new President is a gala day at the capital, and all parties join in it, because they recognize the suc- cessful candidate as a candidate no longer, but the chief of the nation. If the Mexicans can do the same thing at this time, peaceably inducting the successful candidate into office, whether he be Juarez or Diaz, they will have gained a victory over themselves, of which fewpeople think them capable. They have every incentive to avoid everything like revo- lutionary measures, and to accept the deci- sion of Congress, since there was no election by the people, in the spirit of fairness and magnanimity. It is not yct certain that President Juarez has failed of re-election, but the chances are decidedly against him. It is a matter of con- gratulation that in no event can Lerdo claim to sneceed him. The latter is a demagogue of the worst type—a politician, like so many others in the Spanish-American republics, who is constantly plotting to advance himself at the expense of his country, Juarez would scarcely have yielded gracefully if Lerdo had been his successful competitor, but we think there can be little doubt that he will be ready to give way to Diaz. But the whole subject is hedged about by many difficulties, There have been great frauds, it is alleged, on both sides. Mexican Congressmen are not always honest, and are willing at any time to disobey the will of their constituencies. The people are impetuous and fiery, but unreason- ing. Juarez may be content that he has governed his country well for the last five years—better than it was ever governed before—and Diaz would endeavor to rule fairly and honestly. The latter will not be true to his record should he seek to precipitate revolu- tion in case of the success of Juarez, and | Juarez will Lonor himself and his country if he commands peace and acquiescence should Diaz be successful. This Presidential election in Mexico has an interest for the friends of republican liberty which no former election in that country ever had. It takes place after five years of peace and comparatively good government. If peacefully carried out, whatever its result, it is a condemnation of the empire of Maximilian and an endorsement of the republic of Juarez. And it is more than this—it is the much- needed proof that the Mexican people can gov- ero themselves. The election of a President of the republic without bloodshed and his in- duction into office without an attempt at revo- lution wonld indoed be a cheering sign. It would be an encouragement to the growth of republican ideas in Europe, now advancing so rapidly and promising such excellent results. It would be the first step towards taking off the stigma which attaches to the Spanish- American republics. It would be the best and strongest evidence that the Mexican people are at last learning the meaning of liberty and know how to acquiesce in all the conditions of aropublic. These considerations give it the gravest importance and advance it to a ques- tion of the first magnitude. Itis the trial of republicanism under the most difficult circum- stances, and if our expectations are fulfilled— if disorder and attempts at revolution are averted—if peace gains her triumphs in peace, it is an event that will be hailed with acclaim all over the world, President Thicrs on France and the Papacy. In the Heratp of yesterday we printed the greater portion of the speech delivered by President Thiers in the National Assembly on the occasion of the discussion of the petition of the bishops, In some respects it was a sen- sible speech. The President accepts the situation, and in the most pointed manner de- clares that France cannot go to war with Italy for the purpose of reinstating the Pope in his temporaliiies. But it was not a groat speech, It revealed neither the great states- man nor the great philosopher. It was the speech of @ Frenchman wio sees in the unifi- cation of Italy and the consolidation of Ger- many nothing of good, because those two great events implied the humiliation of France. President Thiers does well in refusing to go to war with Italy; but think or feel as President Thiers may, the thinking men of the present and the thinking men of the future will per- sist in believing that the unideation of Italy and the consolidation of Germany were great gains to the cause of human progress. In view of these gains the fate of France is a matter of trifling importance. Altogether, this speech evinces that M. Thiers is too much of a Frenchman. Tae world was not made for Frenchmen alone, Napoleon and Enyenie. We priat in another part of the Heratp this morning three interesting letters relating to the past career of the ex-Emperor Louis Napo- eon, the position of the Empress during the lact days of the empire, and the movements of the little imperialist party that has of late made Chiselhurst its grand centre from which to operate throughout Europe. Checkered as has been the early life of the late Emperor of France, the facts which are furnished us by our correspondent in Paris, and which we pub-~ lish this morning, will not surprise even those best acquainted with the curious career from the prison to the palace of the son of Queen Hortense. The empire, which was raised by Louis Napoleon upon the destruction of a republic, was destined, as it subsequently appeared, to pass away and have its place supplied by a republic more liberal than that which was abolished by the empire of Louis Napoleon. Ina letter from Chiselhurst, addressed by the Empress toa friend, we have Eugénie's own defence of herself against the attack of General Trochu in the National As- sembly. The General's explanations, as viewed by Eugénie, are not only weak, ungal- lant and inaccurate, but deceptive. He be- trayed the republic as well as the empire, according to the Empress, and had he the courage, force and ability he might have been able to have prevented the revolution of the 4th of September. It was this very revolu- tion which nullified the intervention of foreign Powers in the cause of France. Had the Re- gency been maintained and Paris remained faithful to the empire, intervention was sure to have followed the disaster at Sedan. This is the philosophy of the letter of her ex-Majesty. Certain Powers, she says, were pledged to in- tervention, but the revolution of September nullified every arrangement that bad been en- tered into. In another letter from Chiselhurst we are enabled to see that matters do not proceed very amicably among the imperial exiles. Prior to the elections there was a stir in the little Court; everything seemed to work har- moniously, the ex-Emperor and Empress were on apparently the most affectionate terms, and hope, faint as it was, that the good days of the empire were not forgotten by the French people cheered the hours of the im- perial party. The elections came and the dream passed away. Hope disappeared and dissensions arose. Seeing that the crowa of France had passed away from the Bona- partes, Eugénie desired to go to Spain, and Louis Napoleon, who never liked Spain or the Spaniards, looked to Switzerland for a haven of rest. At last Eugénie carried the day, and the jewels are about, if they have not been al- ready, to be sacrificed to secure for the ex- Empress of France an estate outside of Madrid, Riot in Dublin. According to our special despatch from Dabiin, a terrible rigs took place in that city yesterday. It was caused by the attempt to hold a meeting in favor of an amnesty for the Fenian prisoners, in spite of the prohibition of the authorities. The demonstration acqnired a special signiticance by the fact that it was led by a member of Parliament and several ed- itors of Dublin journals, It was no mere rioting of a mob. The crowd assembled be- fore the Viceregal residence and assumed a very threatening attitude. Mr. Haw, the Superintendent of the Dublin _ police, ascended the steps of the Wellington Monument, in front of the palace, and ordered the crowd to disperse; but he was seized, hurled down and terribly ill-treated by the mob. This was the signal for a furious charge by the police. The crowd was equally farious in resisting the attack, Over a hun- dred wounded, many of whom fatally injured, were taken to the hospitals, The military were held in readiness, but fortunately were not called upon to interfere, Tas Last Rumor from Washington looks to the early retirement of Secretary Fish, and names George William Curtis as his successor in the State Department, Mr. Curtis’ courtly demeanor and thorough acquaintance with foreign politics are strong poiata in fayor of 7, 187. his appointment; but in addition to these it is claimed that he is just the man to heal the differences of the republican party in this State. . Boele—Mitchell—Smy th. The Rev. William H. Boole, pastor of the Beekman Hill Methodist Episcopal church, whose sermon on municipal corruption, de- livered last evening, will be found in another column, is a New Yorker. Reared in this city and working at a mechanical occupa- tion here, he was brought to the kaow- ledge of the truth as itis ia Jesus, and was fortunate enough to have a brother in office at the time who was able to provide a suitable college education for him, and thus enabled him to enter the ministry of the Church through whose instrumentality he was brought to Christ. | In appearance (side face especially) and style he very much resembles Henry Ward Beecber, and, like the latter, he says bold things in a bold way, and whether imitatively or natu- rally this style is acceptable to promiscuous congregations and gives him great popularity among them. Mr. Boole is yet a young man, and evidently—judging by his words and deeds—a man of great faith, for after the ex- citement connected with the ‘‘Wickedest Man” Water street revival had abated and that scheme was shown to have had no religious basis, and the neighborhood and the work was delivered over to Satan as the rightful sove- reign, Mr. Boole made the matier a subject of prayer, and, unaided, he returned to Water street, hired a mission wilh his own money and has kept it going with great success ever since. Three or four dens in its imme- diate vicinity have gince succumbed to its influence and been closed, and some of the proprietors have handed over unexpired leases to Mr. Boole and taken refuge in his Home for Women, which has become so well and widely known that uofortunates seek it now voluntarily, He has never takon collections, nor asked publicly for money to carry on this work, and very rarely in public addresses or through the press made known ils condition and wants; and yet, in answer to prayer, money has come from all parts of the city and country to sustain the mission. A more inter- esting sightis rarely witnessed than to see a score or a hundred Magdalens on_ the Sab- | bath or week day seated in tho little chapel singing the songs of the redeemed, and to hear them teslifying, as did others of old, that “Jesus Christ hath power on earth to forgive sins.” It is well worth a visit, and many Christian men and women love to spend an hour with them now, though they would scafcely pass near the place a year ago. There is no more interested spectator of this work in allthe city than the father of Rev, Mr. Boole, an aged patriarch, whose joy at beholding a son in tke ministry he could at one time scarcely restrain. What a mighty difference sometimes exists in members of one family! Here is a man taken from the workshop to the pulpit, and yonder his brother taken from almost the pinnacle of political power in this city to an untimely grave. The one lives to serve God and bu- manity, the other served himself and the world. The former has been exalted by his Master, the latter was cast down and despised by us. And therein lies the difference be- tween the service of God and the service of the world, the flesh and the devil. The Rev. David Mitchell, pastor of the Canal Street Presbyterian church, is a Scotch- man, with avery full, broad accent. He is @ young man, of dark complexion, deep voice and clear enunciation. He usually reads his sermons from manuscript. They are not re- markable either as theological, philosophical or scientific productions; but they contain generally a good share of practical common sense and instruction in the duties of every- day life, as they relate to God and to our fellow-men. Yesterday, preparatory to his vacation, Mr. Mitchell discoursed on “quiet resting places,” urging the necessity for ministers and all brain-workers to take recreation—something more than sleep, in his opinion, as in our own, being necessary to keep up the brilliancy of thought, the pun- gency of expression and the enthusiasm of the writer or public speaker. The superficial and fictitious life of fashionable society was also presented, and contrasted with the real laborers, and though from the former we might think that life is nothing but a painted show, if we dig deep enough we shall find a glowing, healthy current, a brilliant, glittering stream of purest water, upon which the sun shines down with bright efful- gence. These are the real workers of society. Mr. Mitchell and his church have up-hill work to perform in their present location. The six days’ influence for evil which Greene street is favored with cannot be overcome or counteracted by the seventh day’s influence for good which this little church and its neighbors may exert. Commerce has driven the congregation from Canal street already, and it threatens ere long to drive it from its present location also. The Rev. Charles B. Smyth, whose kindness toward a couple of reporters who accepted his hospitality and then defamed his charac- ter several months ago brought him into unen- viable notoriety, preached yesterday on “Liberties of America” and defamation of character. Mr. Smyth is, perhaps, the only minister in the city who rightly deserves the name of a sensationalist. No public event, social, political, accidental or culpable, escapes bis notice, but is made the theme of his dis- courses. The riot of the 12th of July bas already occupied his time and attention for two Sab- baths at least, and perhaps more, and we dare say the Westfield explosion will give him material for two or three more. If we were regular attendants upon his ministry we should like and expect a change of theme sometimes. Atter what has been said and written upon the Orange riot it does seem to us that the peo- ple—Christian and heathen—are pretty well posted on the merits of the case in every phase and particular, and it might be well if Mr. Smyth would change | the picture and let his flock ‘‘look to Jesus” a little more, and not to the riot and the explosion and such topics. If men and women can only be prepared for death by a holy life it matters very little when, where or how they may be called to face it, The first duty of Christian teachers therefore should be to lead men to live well, and they will be morally certain to die well, and to have nofear of the hereafter. this, even if he Las to leave the other undone, ee The Extension of the Gulf Stream. Few subjects of scientific research have lately assumed so much interest as the sea, The recent expeditions, having in view the exploration of its before unfathomed depths, have stripped the ocean of the veil of mystery which once overhung it and have given us glimpses of its marvellous and mighty ma- chinery doing its silent and ceaseless work. Among the most important contributions to marine science yet issucd from the American preas is a late volume entitled ‘‘Papers on the Eastern and Northern Extensions of the Gulf Stream,” a translation of the German papers of Dr. Petermann, Dr. Van Freeden and Dr. A. Miibry, by Captain R. H. Wyman, of our Hydrographic Office. This publication is a per- fect treasury of Gulf Stream literature, and will doubtless give a new impulse to the settlement of the great problem of its circulation. We have already alluded to the remarkable theory advanced by some geographers that this great “river in the ocean,” after emerging from the Florida Pass, gradually loses its velocity and parts with its heat so rapidly that, on reaching the middle Atlantic, in longitude forty degrees west of Greenwich, it ceases to be a sensible current of the ocean, This view was first seriously and respectably endorsed before the Geographical Society of London by Mr. A. G. Findlay, in a paper read in 1869. The author of this paper contended that England was in no way indebted for its climate to the Gulf Stream, and reasoned that the latter stream, after passing Florida, moved in such a small volume and with such diminished velocity that it would require one or two years to cross over to the British shores, during which time it would cool down to the ordinary sea temperature. The assumption was then mae that the English climate is due to the westerly winds. Mr. Findlay made a poor impression on the London Society, but his hypothesis has recently been revived by its guast recognition in the publications of Dr. Carpenter. The subject is one of vast importance, and there are some striking facts which modern science affords, which go far toward giving a quietus to Mr. Findlay and all who have repeated him. No law of physics is better established, (as has ‘Tong “ago been mathematically demon- strated, ) than that all rotating bodies have their velocity increased the nearer they approach the axis of rotation, and vice versa. A planet, when in its perihelion, being nearer the axis of planetary rotation, is accelerated ; but in its aphelion it is retarded. The upper currents of trade winds which move toward the northeast have, in strict obedience to this law, been often observed to blow with great force when they have reached the ice-clad summits of the Peak of Teneriffe and the volcano of Mauna Loa, both near the tropic of Cancer; while the return or surface trade winds, which near the same tropic move toward the Equator with great fresbness, gradually die away and become ‘‘the gentle trades” ere they have reached the tenth degree of latitude. It is even demonstrable that every projectile mov- ing in the northern hemisphere has a tendency to bear to the right, and, as it approaches higher latitudes, to increase its speed. It is precisely for these reasons that the ar- gument of Mr. Findlay and Dr. Carpenter does not apply to the Gulf Stream. The im- pulse it receives from the earth’s rotation would continually heighten its speed and give it a torrential velocity but for the resistance it encounters from polar currents, Were there no other grounds for the final abandonment of Mr. Findlay’s view this would be quite suffi- cient. Dr. Carpenter thinks the warm climate of England is due to a flow of warm water from the Equator distinct from the Gulf Stream. But the oceanio observations of re- cent date enforce the consideration which we have just drawn from the mechanics of the earth, That the Gulf Stream actually bathes the shores of Britain and Norway, and even penetrates the Arctic Ocean, through the chan- nel between Nova Zembla and Spitzbergen, is capable of irresistible proof. The most careful observations of the Scot- tish Meteorological Society, extending through many years, show that the winter tempera- tures of Shetland and London are, respectively, thirty-nine degrees and thirty-seven degrees, If they had the climate usual in their latitudes the winter climate of London would be only sevonteen degrees and Shetland’s would be only three degrees. Shetland’s is, therefore, thirty-six degrees and London’s twenty degrees above the temperature due to lati- tude, If England gets its mild climate from some flow of tropical water distinct from and independent of the Gulf Stream, as Dr. Carpenter supposes, London, which is farther south than Shetland, shoald, in the nature of things, first receive the benefit of such a tropical flow, and hence be warmer than Shetland. But the reverse is true, Moreover, it is a most remarkable fact that the monthly isothermal lines for Ireland in winter strictly conform to the old and yet unshaken belief that the Gulf Stream washes the shores of Western and Northwestern Europe. The ‘Emerald Isle” is enveloped with the folds of the isothermal lines, which increase in warmth from the centre of the island outward to the ocean. The deviation of these lines from their normal position is greater from their east and west direction, This points out most clearly and emphatically that the great source of heat from which the climate of Great Britain derives its warmth is in the west, and hence from the Gulf Stream. The late Swedish expedition under Torrel found high up at Shoal Point, within the Arc- tic Ocean, much drift matter, and especially a well-preserved West Indian bean. Tais bean, they reported, ‘“‘carried by the Gulf Stream across the Atlantic Ocean, is frequently thrown on the coast of Norway, and, in this instance, offers the best proof that the Gulf Stream also reaches the north coast of Spitzbergen.” ft is also well known that the camphor woods and fragrant trees of China and Japan are con- stantly drifted to the Alentian Islands by the Pacific Gulf Stream, called the Japan Stream. We gladly appreciate the labors and invalu- able investigations of such men as Dr. Carpen- ter; bat, in commoa with some of his scien. tific fellow-countrymen, he seems prejudiced against receiving any benefits from this side of the water, Until, however, they can reverse Let Mr. Smyth do | the rotation of the earth these English savans cannes disprove the time-honored dogtrine of es 1 the effloacy and northeastward extension of the Gulf Stream. We should not have discussed the subject so fully but that it is of great importance im itself, and now that, in this country, wf *re, through our storm signal service, seekin,> to unravel the mysteries of the atmospheric ocean (an effort upon which so many interests depend); and this can be best done by ascer- taining the less obscure and more obvious movements of the denser and liquid ocean. The Sermons Yesterday. Among the budget of discourses which we priut to-day there are three that deal with last Sabbath’s terrible disaster. We are agreeably surprised at their general tenor, We expected that this event, like so many similar ones in the past, would be ‘“‘improved”—to use the technical language of the temple—into an illus- trative judgment of the Almighty upon the sin of Sabbath breaking. We, therefore, in our yesterday’s issue, warned the sensational clergy not to venture upon any such revolting blasphemy. They have wisely weighed and followed our counsel. Mr. Lee came out squarely and said he could see no visilation of a good God in such a hideous calamity. “Is God so wicked as to torture those poor people in such a way?” added he, “‘Ié so, I would rather believe in no God.” We do not approve the coarse strength of this last sentence ; but we cannot quarrel with the sen- timent that underlies it. The God in whom we believe—the kind Father who lets not a hair of our head fall unnoticed to the ground— could never, indeed, stuin His sway with cruelty ; but that is as far as we can reverently carry the principle. That the government of God is good in its gencral results we believe firmly; but if we examine its workings as it affects individuals we soon get lost ina maze of bewildering perplexities, and perhaps even we are led by a foolish logic into open blasphemy, Mr. Los goes on to defend Sunday excursions by ‘poor people, who are penned up during the week in dingy workshops aud uowholesome tenes. ments; and in this also we cordially agree with him. But this last position is fiercely assailed by Rev. Dr, Wescott, who says the victims were largely not pdéor people, and,’ even if they were, were much better at home. ‘The Doctor also growls at the Heratp because in its graphic eighteen column report of the disaster it inserted no word of reference to the fact that the dead and wounded were Sabbath breakers. Ah, Doctor, if you had but seen for yourself, ag the reporters did, those mutilated forms as they, were drawn, writhing in the agonies of death, from that ship of death, you would have been as silent in this matter as they were, no matter how strong may be your belief in the letter of the fourth commandment! But is it not about time that we recognized the fact that modern civilization has necessarily abolished the old Jewish Sabbath, though it still reverently respecis the spirit enshrined in it? Dr. Wescott denounced the Staten Island company in a few indignant but deserved sentences. Rev. David Mitchell alluded to the Westfield at the close of his sermon in a temper that pleases us better than the other two preachers we have noticed. He said be did not blame poor people for. going out on Sunday; indeed, they acted rightly in taking advantage of all the sunshine and open air they could get. This is kindly, sensible, practical and progressive nineteenth century Christianity, The Rev. William H. Boole discoursed on the duty of Christians in regard to municipal corruption, taking as a text, ‘‘When tho wicked beareth rule the people mourn.” Mr. Boole goes further than most other opponents of Tammany. He denies to its leaders even the questionable virtues of shrewduess and capacity. He says they are & “small gang of small men, and not up to the average of intelligence.” Mr. Boole also volunteered a pledge that he would not accept for his church either one dollar or tem thousand from the ‘‘men of the riag.” He was not so much interested in the cause of Christ as to accept aid from the devil ta carry it forward. That is plain language; but Mr. Boole is one of those men who delight in calling spades spades. We have before announced our dislike of political ser= mons, and we advise Mr. Boole in the future to choose’ a week-day evening and an uncon- secrated hall as the time and place for bring, ing forward his views of this kind. Then let him pitch in as hard as he likes, and may tha best man and the best cause win, Among non-secular sermons we have ta notice Rev. Father Aubry, Rev. Dr. Brandt on the Transfiguration and Fathers Glack- meyer and Wirsch on St, Ignatins Loyola and the Jesuits. They are all four lucid presenta. tions of Catholic doctrine. Father Wirscht pronounced a glowing panegyric on the Jesuits, and showed how they had triumphed over opposition, both within and without the Church, Rev. Dr. Dixon preached an admirable discourse on “Tow tc Question Christ.” The gist of his sermon wat that it is better to be a good man than an acute theologian. An English visitor, the Rev. Y M. Antliffe, also delivered an excelient sermon, He confined himself to explaining in simple | words the Gospel plan of salvation, and h¢ explained it well. We wish that we had tha opportunity of reporting more of this class of discourses, Me Tux Iravians CEeLepraTep THe UNirtiow iow oF Iraty at San Francisco yesterday with a gorgeous procession, and yet offended no Roman Catholic citizens among the spect tors. Their example is highly commendable in view of the celebration that is to come of in this city on the 25th inst. While we woulk not recommend that the Italians of our citr on that occasion curtail by one iota their full celebration of an event that is so momentow , and joyful to Italy and Italians everywhery, ‘ we would urge them to have some regard fur the religious feelings of many in this city who consider the temporal dethro ementg of the Pope a matter too important to bygpemane. rated by the political unity of Italy, and at the same time we would counsel those of our Irish Catholic citizens who are splenetic and rash, and too easily sensitive to even unintend{d insult, not to crowd forward to the place whera they are most likely to apprehend such insult. This land of the free and oppreased of all nations is no place for foreigners to go about begging other foreirners to tread on the taila of their, coats } i i