The New York Herald Newspaper, March 6, 1871, Page 3

_ Bow pro,ected to the Lo; WORLD'S COMMERCE. LY sarging It. ‘Interoceante Ship Canals and ~*~ Railway Enterprises. Gigantic ‘ranscentinental, Isthmian and Oceanic” Routes. ‘Biterestiiig Sketch of the Different Schemes ~~ <“Proposed ‘and in Operation, ’ Weniral Position of the United Ee States and New York on the Map. of the Globe. Sed Ber ‘The accompanying map brings out in bold relief the reflection which must have often axisen in me minds of many of. our. patriotic readers ty have looked upon the geographical’ out- lanes of tho American Continent—that. i is an imperative duiy to pierce the slender little strip sf land that Joins the northern and. southern Sections of the New World by a water highway, We stand at present between the most flourishing and prosperous civilizations of the East and the West, playing the unsatisfactory rove of an impassa- bie barrier; we block up the ocean thoroughfare of commerce, and the peaceful navies of Europe, ‘Watead ‘of speeding “west about’ through American waters to China and Japan, are. forced to make a tedious and lengthy voyage round the Cape of Good Hope and ‘phrough the treacherous China Sea. Our own ships ame also, of course, reduced to the same lamentable ‘@ecessity, and in thelr case the hardship is even ‘fester: Commercial interest, the progress of civil | sation and the promptings of a legitimate national ‘@mbition‘alige ca!l for the speedy opening of an ‘Isthmus canal. In this articite we shali briefy Rotice the various facilities of transit of ail kinds ‘Rew working across the Continent, as well as the More numerous class of those which are projected, Some of these latier, of course, will never bo arried out; and it is as yet somewhat premature © pronounce authoriiatively upon their merits, When the Darien and Tehuantepec expeditions ‘hall have finished their explorations a fair de- eision upon the relative claims of the different routes ‘Wall be possibie. ‘The need fora connecting link between the At. antic and the Pacific is not now felt for the firat ‘ame. Prom the date of the discoveries of Columbus “nd Magellan all the carly explorers sought, and | e@ought diligenuy, for this necessary passage, When ‘American geography, however, grew a little more definite and it was knoyn that no such Toute ‘exiated, the “Darien x”? lapsed into belng a ©onstant theme of regretful comment. That was bod Fama for nearly thrce_ centuries, but the effort “its practical removal was in & manner delayed by the swiit development of the Atlantic coast. In ‘time, however, the new !ife of america crossea tho Bocky Mountains aud began to baila up rich and @rosperous States on the shores of the Pacific. The @iscovery of gold in Catiforni called thither large populotion aud created a weslth and commerce which dmperatively demanded shorter lines of cofmmunica- on. The protracted peril of the voyage around The Hon suggested transisthmian cuterprises, and weveral were aiteppted. The rival claims of the Nicaragua, Tehuantepec and Chagres river routes were allurged by thelr respective friends, and all ‘were tomporarfiy used. Local and fluancial com- Plications procured Uze disuse of Lue two former, while the latter, between 1350 and 1855, was per- ‘fected by the construction of the Panama Railroad, Which, for the time beiug, answered all purposes. Tho “Overland Route” to California was tho germ @ the Pacific Railroad, and that splendid monn- mont t) American culerprise was comiplew@il by the ARATE WEA MerVER CH itHltets backed Wp ey’ utd from the national fézisiatete. ‘The Panama Railzoad is strictly a transit route, with n0 purely iveal value. But the Umon Pacific Railroad and tis connections, and the similar lines and southward aud st be considered more dndivated on whe map 1 with reference to theii eect us agencies for the development of the vast. regions which they travers? than iv any incilities iney afford to ‘‘hrongh (reighv’ or the commercial relations of thew termini. For great distances wer ttshsportation must always be necessary. wo railways laye ludeed themselves demon- mrated the necessity of something more capacious, gnd forced the attention of exploring science once More to the temporarily abandoned search for a cable rouis for 4 Bulp canal. This search is ined, oe necessity, to the narrow Jands which unite tie great divisions of the Ameri- an Continent, Bere, if a ship canei is prac le, te problem oi its precise location is complicated by questions of relative cost, of engineering difficulties, Of adaptation to the requirements of commerce and of the respective udyaniages and disadvantages of wanals with anu without locks, The eceects, for a ship canal through the Amert- ean isthmus have been numerous, some ef them dating from the tame oi Cortes, and several of the Jocauties miicated onthe map include more than one line of So ere We shall briefly allude tothem each i turn, bee @uning with THE DARIEN UANAI.. ‘There are four routes at Darien witoxe merits nave them more er less tayor, Many others sve been some at very early periods in J. in Gssd& line was surveyed from the of Bias, on the Atlantio, to the river on the ic, Acnnal here would be ae ey Bes but would require a tunnel o! ini! the central ridge. A second alms to unite the waters of Caledonia Bay, on wi - zh Al ith those of the Savana river, Nowin the Paci. ‘This also i for a canal without but claims to Require no tannelling. A third 0 ite is Suggested fir the southern part of the Guilt of Darten to the Gulf of San Miguel, by way of Sac river Tuyré, but the data concerning It are as Feimengre and indefinite. Tue fourth 13 propose: Escondido, on the Atiantio, up the Tanela an Turgandl rivers, across a ridge which rises iow eww ht of 160 fees above the central plateau, ATRALO. At the extremity of tho Isthmus of Darien, where becomes purt of the northwestern shoulder of th America, the dividing ridge between ihe two oceans Is Known to be very low, IMere the facilities a@morded by the Atrato river aud its tributaries, with the large lagoons at its mouth, on tle Guif of Darien, hroonection with the San Juan and other rivers and inlets on the Pacific side, Lave attracted much attention and exploration. Several lines have been gested, With mote or jos8 piausvillty, for “ther- honts,” from sea to sea. Ono of tese invelyes nel,.at the summit, of twelve ules in ‘engia, and her.one Of seven, and the expeuse las been ony, Toximately eclumated, The Catted Staies Ex, Expedition, mnuder Comuaader selfridg, tee Mevored most of t'3 labors to the determiaation Of th¥ practicability oi this locaiity, having exam- aned sb veral of the jines suggested, and iis repert thereon, wi!l probably go far towards determining She quesA tou. EHUANTEEBO SHIP CANAL. Arouy@ fer a ship canal Las also been projected across tye isthmus of Tehusntep: ¥ idea orngi- mated w te Cortes: himself, and has bee: frequently agitated wince his day. Asa “thoroug’ ont? ia im- possible, ll explorations as this point have been made wit reference to a canni witu locks. Ibis roposed ,@ utilize the navigabiv waters of the Beet al. os river, dowing inte the Gulf of Mext- and die, Wrze lagoons on the Pacific side, so aa toreduce the Yengtn of be ye canal constraction to about fiity mi tes. Within this distance an elevation @f littie moro’ than (00 fect has to be overcome, i es fan is accompliszed in simiar parte of the world, the govern- Benoa Important Eranis and concessions in w@ of the cnterprise, and the gov- ernment of the Uitiked States is aiding in the bre. stminary exploratious. ‘Titecanal propesed is to be eae fundred and QWeuty fect im width aad twenty-one foot in cpt. ‘These are about the dimensions which Na ee oh ab to ne en-thineenths of — the Sead Welk capeain. Bhuteldt Cap" {isthmus of ‘ohana. WRC, tn cer Wnired States expedition \ making the survey for a LL and when he ,wakes Nis final report, a Pate eatimate of the value .2%f chis scueme may be tor The great dificult. for-a cans! on this route Will probably be tho w.vit of water required om the summit fevel to sup vy tho lockages for Ghips passing up and down on » Vth sides, THB PANAMA SHIP (NAT. It Is claimed ihat the maximuns elevation to be ¢vexcome in the construction of ship canal at 1 aoama ts but 220 fect, but the dimcnity of supply- od vig g for the “summit leyel”’ of ®lockage canal 5 Qugh oat? ont Pie goateat angi eet sod bas bet to deeneg tho ese of | 4 | NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, MARCH 6, 1871.—TRIPLE SHEET. E MLN OSUUANS to CANT FRANGIICO. Vie Dolop Pacific W. R. 3,005 tailen, EE Tedtantepee a Fe Ze Hoadurrs. = Nicaregus 2 the rivers Rio Grande yt and nect them by an artificial The, French engineers sent by Louls lippe reported pgp in 1848, pees project, FORGE 1D aoe nel the summit. r ‘aad " Y involved an. elevation-of {00 foot ‘fold the employ- meut of thirty-..ve locks in the ascent and descent. NIQARAGUpy ‘The several be aT at projects at Nicara- gua for canals with locks all have & general refer- ence to tae. st ply of water Cp red sumuit level, the facilities a: jed by the San Juan river ana the utilization of that splendid ‘water basin, Lake Mearagua. Of the ll ree pass through e8 the lake; a fourth follows muinates at Brito; a pre. by nates at San Juan del Sur; a sixth proceeds by the Sapoa river to Salinas Bay; @ seventh keeps on the extreme south of the State of Nicaragua, and pro- Poses a cut from the Jaan river, through |the' State of Costa Rica, ‘to Nicofa uit. Two of these lines have been actually sur- veyed, The line to Brite is 194 in length, utiilzing Leke Nicaragua and thé*San Juan Tiver, and employs twenty-elgnt locksin the ascent and descent between the two Oceans. “Bythe San dnan del Sur route the distance from the river to the fake ls but.fifteen miles, In the first eight miles | only one lock is necessarys in the next mile sixty- four feet of lockage 18 en. come two Rio Grande and ter- the same river, termi. Then 'a descent uy ogo fest in tree. ities en a descent by lockage. feo! eT ‘to the Pactfic ioral ‘tue of the surveys of these severabroutes do n¢ strate which of them, if elther, is the morepracticabie, ‘We now pas from Pelee Gauals to an accom- plished fact— « |” THR UNION PAGIBIG RAILWAY, which is the only completed line of raflway across bs Continent, ‘It is composed of the following sec- ons: Shortest route over @ roads from New York to Omaha, Nebrgska......., 1,457 miles, Union Pacific Rauway frout Omaha to Ogam City, Utah.. eo 1,053 miles. ' Central Pactic Rallway to mento, 747 miles, Raliway irom Sacramento to Fran CHECO. sees seessercerecegecessevenesseee 124 miles, | ‘Potal from 8€8 60:SC@,.0- verses sceeeees+ 3,361 Miles, The Kansas Pacific branch of this ime affords a conneciton with the more southerly railway lines and ports of the Mississippi valley ani the AUantic seaboard, Both the com success and fail. ure of the Pacific Railway as a transit route for throngh iteight has stimulated cd me for ship canal routes, while the rapid elopment of the country it has penetrated, with the growth of its way traitic, has greatly encouraged other similar riakings, this eee Le Peet a cig 3 enterprise proposes onstruction oi raiiway from a pomt on the western shore of Lake Superior to a point on P: eng, 1th a branch fo! Or ees eel pee Le tw its mouth, | it wil, connes Ypeerdinnett: ‘wits thavor ocean ere ; ‘ ‘hich has he wi m) ‘unavaila- ble for purposes of clvilized settlement, anc is pcr- haps hs raphically the most cent of all the transeontinental railway Its route is near the northern vorder of the territory of the United States and will exercise an important influence on the de- velopment of ihe British domimions. The road has a jarge land grant from the United States, and the work of construction has been already begun, WHE SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY. This project undertakes for the cxtreme south of the territory of the United states what the Unton Pacific has done for the centre and what the North-- era Pacific will do for the extreme north. The de. tail of Its connections with the Atianuc States rail. Way system cannot now be determined ; but its east, ern terminus, in the valley of tie Mississippi, and it Western at San Diego, on the California coast, are t. ve united by a tine of railway passing through a re gion rich in natural resources and possessing great advantages, both fer railway construction and sub- sequent settlement, THE PANAMA RAILROAD, For years, a8 every one knows, the Isthmus of Panania has been crossed by a railroad. its con- struction marked 9 new era in the commercial rela- tlons of the east and west coasts of the American Continent. Its coat was abeut $8,000,000 and it was completed in 1855. Its length, from Aspinwall, on the Atlantic, to ’anama, on the Pacific, 1s tory nine, mules. Tho engineoring dificulties that had to bo overcome were rather at the terminii that at any other points on the line. * The absence of good har- bor accommodations still seriously detracts from the usefulness of the route. Among railroad projects we notice first THE TEHUANTEPEC RAILWAY, feTlus isthmus lies in Mexican territory, and just north of the peninsula of Yucatan, on or near a line that waa familiar t0 and was employed py Cortes and other early explorers as @ transit route, a rail. way been peek and is now in process of construction. 3 to ran from the port of Minatit- lan, near the mouth of the Voatzacoalcos river, which flows into the Gulf of Mexico, 10 a pott on @ large lagoon near the mouth of the Tehuanteped river en the Pacitic. ‘The gradients are not difficatt, and the length of railway will be less than 125 mil lines throngh the territo: Like the transcontint of the United states, this enterprise 18 alded by gov- ernmenta! grants of land and @rich country to open and develo, m shortening the ante, lines of commerce between the coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific, COSTA RICA RAILROAD, The government of Costa Rica has made granta to parties, at various times, for the construction of an imiteroceapto railway across its territory, and although the terms of these conceasions have been liberal the pono ae heen sale to carry ou @ enterpr! TO} ) The length of the projected ratlway 18 142 ilies, . HONDURAS RAILWOAD. The topographical characteristics of the isthmus at this point have confined practical explorations to ratlway purposes only, and a road ts now in process ot construgtion. Siike those already mentioned, the Honduras Railroad promises to be of great local iin- log independent of any foreign freight tran- Si distance in a direct line is about 163 miles, and by i a The Page sl of Hond ras has given & eral concessiou to the undertaking, includ large grants of land. zy udies And now, having briefly run over the many routes that have been mapped out, tt is perhaps well to | close by showing the immense sa: in distance what would be secured, at any rate to steamships, { by an futeroceanle canal, Satiing vessels will of | course follow the track of the great wind currents, | and distance ts to them not very materini, so long a8 | they can get abundance Of motive power. But to i; steam Vessels = shortened route means | necessarily & saving in time and expense, And | when thé shortening that would thus be made js pus into Hgures tt is simply enormous. For ; instance, @® steamship starting from New York ‘for Yokohama would now” have to steam { over 18,402 unilos, via the Suez canal It an Isth- j Mian canal Were open she would only have to sail over 9,436 miles, and ae even with an opened Alpericap canal, the route from “tvervool to Yoko- hamna vy the Bucz cauat would still be the shortest by abot 1,000 miles, it ls probable that the west- about route wyonld be taken en account of its com- parative ireedom from “dangers.” ‘The Red sea and the Chiua Sea are both very perilous, aud the extreme caution with which even steam vessels have to navigate them frequently loses them in thick wea- ther days of valuable ime. ‘The Atlantic and the Pacific, on the other hand, ar? both “pial satling.”” FRIGHTFUL FALLIN’ REWARK, The report circulated in Newark yesterday, that young Frederick Crane—who, while cleaning the windows of Washing:on Hili ou Broad street a few days fell down to the sidewalk, @ distance of ve or fiity feet—had died, Was premature, was alive yes! , though iD & condition that leaves sight hopes of his aiceereny in the mind of the attending physician. He atrus his head on the hard pavement, but externally shows ttle Hi *} sign of injury. y escaped Gs ye 4 fren Yon of ae but its main yalue to the world is | to connect Port Cortes, on the Atlantic side, with the Gwit of Fonstca, on “ine Pacific. ‘Yhe | A Youth Killed im Catharine Street—Alleged Clubbing by an Officer—Coroner Keonan’s Investigation. Quite an excitement was created in the Fourth ward yesterday morning by tye circulation of a report that John Murphy, a youth of nineteen years, late of 112 Henry street, had been clubbed to death by an oficer, Sergeant Kelly, of the Fourth precinct, dwy reported the matter to Coroner Keenan, who, late in the day, commenced an investigation, from which it appeared that soon after two o’clock on Sunday morning Murphy, John Daly, of 702 Kast Ninth street; John Hanlon, 371 East Highth street, and Dennis Mooney, living at 29 Canal street—all young men under twenty years of age—were drunk and dis orderly on the Seventh ward side of Catharine street near Madison. A Seventh precinct ofticer on duty near by ordered them to keep quiet and move on, as they were disturbing the public peace, The outhful inebriates then started up Catharine street, during which Murphy crossed over on the Fourth wart side, and saw officer Twomly of that precinct, while his (Murphy’s) associates. remaiped on the other side. m reaching the corner of East Broadway and Catharine street Murphy stopped and used profane and obseene language to the Sev- enth ward officer then Sspprosening, and threatened to “put a head” on him If he did not mind his busi- ness and go away. As oflcer Twomly was making an advance movement Murphy ran across the street and while running y Catharine street, be.wee! East Broadway and Pivision street (Seventh war side), came in Violent collision with a stoop aud fell heavily on the pavement. In a few moments onicer Twomly, who was in ster) came up, a6 also did officers from tae Sixth and Seventh precincts, who heard Murphy cry out as he fell to the sidewalk, The above, in substance, is the state- ment made by officer Twomly, of the Fourth pre- clnct, and he Delieves lis version of the aifair will be corroborated in all important particulars by other officers. Twouly suid, when he came up to Murphy he tosk nim by the coat collar and told him to get ug, when he replied that he was unable te do so; that the prisoner was | not clubbed at all, as there seemed to be no occasion | for {t. Murphy struggled and showed slight resist- ance when tn the hands of the police, but was easily Anaged without resorting to violence. ‘ihe officers ued Murphy @ short distance, when he was placed iu a Wagon feund mn the street and taken to the station honse, 249 Pearl strect, but wus dead on reaching there or died tmimediately after. adits. sion. Soon aitcrwards the men whe liadteeu in company with deceased appeared al the station and stated ie, Murphy accosted aten: that oue ol the oficers struck him on the back with his club. These men were accord. ingly ‘detainea by Captain Aliaire as witnesses ual the matter should be thoroughly investigated. POST MORTEM HXAMINATION. post mortem examination on the deceased, and found 10 external marks of violence Whatever on tho body; the heart was slightly enlarged, but “most of tho other internal organs were in 4 healthy condition except te stomach, which was intensely congested, aid contained about @ pint of beer and various kinds of strong liquor. On epening the skull the brain was found much cougeed from the effects of liquor, and there was slight extravasation of , blood apparent. ‘This extravasation probably was caused by de. ceased striking wus head agamst a large suriace, and might have beea caused by falling on the pavement, Dr. Beach would net ltke to say positively that the brain was not Injured by 9 blow from a club; but, as there was no scalp wound, doubtiess tue fatal vidlence was received In some other way. Deceased was a machinist, and is said to have | been employed in Singer’s sewing machine manu factory, feot of Delancey street, East river. Coroner Keenan postponed the inquisition ‘till Tuesday, at his office, in the City Hall. | THE ARKANSAS IMPEACHMENT MUDDLE. The House Manngors Fail to Find Any Evi- dence Against Governor Clayton—The Gov- ernor Declines the United States Senator- ship. MEMPHIS, March 4, 1871. A-special despatch from Little Rock, Ark., to the Avalanche to-night, says:— Political affairs assumed another phase here this | morning. Immediately after the -journal was read in the House Mr. Neal, Chairman of the Board of Impeachment Managers, reported that the commit- vee appointed by the House as a board of managers to prepare particular articles of impeachment against Governor O'ayton have made every edfort in their power to obtam information to enable them to prepare such articles of impeachment for the consideration of this House, and that they have failed in their efforts, ani that there is not sufficient evidence to convict the Governor of misdemeanor in office. The committee also report that they have fatlod to obtain any fact as data that would warrant | | them in attempting to prepare particular articlés of mppeachinent against the Governor, The commiitce ofter a resolution to tho effect that further procecd- inga in the case be dispensed with, After the resolution of the Buard of Manager-, the impeachment be dropped was adopie Governor sent in a message, In Which Le says:— On tno 10th of January, 1871, it wns asce! ‘lected by the General Assem)!y Uaited Stut ote of ninety-four to Dine on a joint ballot ved the tnited support of my own party, aition mempers voted for ma, ‘This large ai { not only ut many 0} ‘elenoat wi | mous vote to myself and to the outside world could not be | | construed otherwise than as un endorsement of my odicial | action; and I here state that 4 feel highly complimented by tt. | ‘At the'time of my election’ by th 1 Assembly republican members of the Legislature seemed thorougaly united, and I had reason to hope that the Li tenant Uovernor would pursue such a course a8 would com- mend him to the confidence of the repudligan memoers, By anbaequent events [have been forced sto the unwt viction that many metabera who then supported m actuated more by a desire to place a person In the executive Chair who would carry out a policy adverse to the wialtes of a large republican majority than to have me represent the State in the United States Scnate, In otuer words, many members who supported me deemed the control of tie State 4: of their United Stat General As warty, svernment of more importance to the cousummation | wisbea than the roprewontation in the Senate of he At the time referred to both branches of the biy were uuder tho contro! of the repndilcan bot since that time 4 coalition seems to have beew iby afow republicans wader the leadership of tho crnor aad the entire conservative element of. Tean but regard this eoniition as bemg amie haying for iif Object the overthrow of te government on one part and the ratification private malice and reveoga on thevther, With this conviction I cannot by any act of mine be ingrumental ia placing tn the execttive chair the leader Of this coaittion. Ware £ to const the proroptinys of seliish ambition rather than perpetuating the pringipies of the party which has honored me rith Its confidence, and which saved. the State to the Union, T would accept the position to which I was elected by your votes. Feciing that such a course would not only be a betrayal of the confidence Teposed in me, but a desertion of — principl gence f duty compels me to decline the position ‘tendered. Quen t remember that to establish these groat principles the best blood ef the nation bas Yeon shed, aud sual hun- dreds of thousatda of patriots hata ald dowd tuelr tives ou the repubdiican altar of this country, 1 cap veil afford to ald | fo the perpetustion of the principies tn support of -vhicn #0. many (aus hare been sacrisiced aud such vast (feasures ex pended, Tt must now be apparent to the most casual ob- Servers chat "he object for which the coalition was formed cant is, therefore, to he hoped thattais commupication of my deciaration Will allay the public mind, and permit the aitention of the Ase Eermbiy to returned towards the objects of legislation i ty mes much neede: nt G ccompiished, and it feeonme! and whie veputy Coroner Wooster Beach, M.D,, made a | | present Importance entitles it to assume, ' ficial eflects that yachting 1s caleulated to exercise, | Some persons Will try oud ous! f3 to the Sen: lobbying for the tthe boginaing of the scasion, by the peopie, et believe that Governor the Lientenant Governor ‘nt nen ‘Candidates are already at *ork THE OCEAN HIGHWAY OF THE FUTURE. Accomplished and Projected Transcontinental Routes of Commerce. | | | | Building of the New Vessels at Chester. Novel Feature in Yachts---The Iron Sloop for Robert Center, Esq. Rear Commodore Osgood’s New Centre-Board Schooner, Their Models, Dimensions in Hulls, fpara, ~ Character of Construction and Ton- nage—How They Will be Fitted and Furnished. CuxsrEr, Pa., March 4, 1871, The bill of fare to be presented to the yachting men of the country during the coming season Will undoubtedly satisfy the most inveterate aquatic epicure. There can be no mistake about this, and Ro fears but that there will be plonty ef combatants Inevery race and regatta te nght every inch of ground. Never in the history of the New York Yacht Club has there beon so much gennine entnu- siasin noted as now existing among its members in anticipation of the sport-of the summer monins, nor | ever were there 80 MANY MASTBRPIECRS of material and workmanship, 80 many fine models of most emment builders, as are now on the stocks” or have been recently finished. And surely no huge | Sappho, nor Dreadnaugnt, nor Enchantress can throw down the gauntiet without finding pleniy of owners ready aad willing to accept the challenge on the bay of Now York or outside of Sandy Hook. All this we know away down here in Choster, on the banks of the Delaware, and it is pleasant to re- Cord that within the iitaits of this antique place ihera are now building ‘WO OTHER YACHTS Not yet referred to ti the Heracp, which will bom Teadimess to participate tn the opening regatta of the New York cluv. ‘fhe first of these 1s the centre board schooner for Rear Commodore Franklin Os good, the former owner of the’ gallant Magic, and the secoud the tron sloop Vindex, owned by Mr. Robert Center, of New York, a gentleman, although not of the extended yachting reputation ef the former, yet a thorough sailor, und one who jusiy Prides himself on bis knowledge of naval architec. tare, Nobetter place, with due deference to all other places, could be selected for the construction of vessels FOR OUR PLEASURE NAVY than at Chester. It has citizens of much exceile varied departments of industry, shipyards and ma- chine shopsin number, and the industrial quailties oi their owners are very creditable, The Delaware river runs meanderingly along its front and side, | Siving in the channel a depth of water sufficient to float a frigate. In pleasant weather the river oft- times presents a lively scene, as, besides the usual trafic from the ocean to Philadeiphia of trading vessels, @ eet of pleasure boats and many dashing smacks can be seen om its surface. “These bonts are of vatious capacities, and many are picturesqus ob- Jects, and really, in mid-summer in lounging through the streeta of Chester you can have plenty of opportunity to discuss matters that bear on NAUTICAL ENTERPRISES, and some of the more enthustastic of these chance customers will lead you down to tie river and grow eloquent over the groupings of the boats out in the stream, wanting to knew at last, if the color of the sails, with patches of varied hues and forms and the | characteristic costumes of the crews do not pro- duce effects a8 Mteresting as the most fastidious can desire. Among this class of Chester's citizens the construction of the two yaghts in question has produced as much excitement as their published details will be of interest tothe yachting world at large. REAR COMMODORE 03G00D’S SCHOONER, ‘The imuiense progresa that yachting has made in this country within the past few years is due to just such gentiemen as Rear Commodore Osgood, and its support by them has tended to the permanence of its establishment and the dignity of position which ita ‘The bene- not onlj in educating the rising scions of the ceuntry ina taste for and thorough knowledge of those sea- going pursuits thas has helped make the United States of to-day, but in the conservation among us | of that spirit of maritime adventure and enterprise THAT HAS BLAZONED the nates of Kane, Hall, Hayes and others upon the roll of fame cannot be too highly estimated. ana Trepeat that any action or measure tending to in. crease these effects, whilo at the same time dignity- ing and expanding the cause, cannot be regarded in any other light than a national benefit, which thyse who confer it deserve high honor In effecting. ‘the building of @ new yacht at any time tends to such IMPORTANT AND HEALTHY results; and yet, while I disclaim all notion of intru- siveness, Lcan say that Rear Commodore Osgood, appreciating that the season was Propitions, the fruit rive, aad wile the great body of yacitmen, not always casily moved, Were animated by a stro) and universal desire—struck while the irom Was | hot’—sold his trusty Magic and determined von his present boat. Itis ee ; ‘ A YROMISING CHILD 48 she now appears, and without doubt will be heard of favorably when grown and she can wear her musitn, Sne was modelled by Mr. J.B. Yan Deusen, of New York, and that gentleman, unitke many of our nautical Solomons, prone to pro) nace, dees net loudly proclaim she will be the fastest the fleet. but amirms that her model is based Upon such Well settied naval architectural laws that when the time comes he has hopes of her walkiny off saucily and being able to leave a white atreak for many of her followers to admire. The new bout 1s acontreboard cockpit echooner yacht, purely ie ee | exceedingly ugns draught of water for character, Is very wide for her length, has immense deck room, with the same peculiarity uoticeable be- Dosieaa ‘great seabuity Son piven or eaatyhe sat iv ower Of Car I, while her great breadth and Mieep bili ‘er water Ine being almost straight, or very little hollow— gives the schooner a FULLER APPRARANCE FORWARD than is discerned in any of the y large yackia new buiding on Long Island and in New London, and thas, of course, have not thelr excessive sharp. ness, All the lines of the new boat are true geo metrical curv: lows:— Length on water ling, 98 feet 6 inches, Length on deck, 112 feet, Extreme breadth, 26 fect 6 inches, Depth of hold, 8 feet 9 inches, Draft of water, 5 feet 10 inches, Tonnage, 200 tons, or thereabouts. THE FRAME of the schooner is of Delaware white oak, hick ma tack and red cedar, Her keel 18 of Delaware white ; her planking of Pennsylvania oak, cut to order for the boat thitty miles from Chester;'and her cell- Ing, in fact the whole inside from kee! to deck, 1s of yellow pine. Her stanchions, butiheads, cavils, Ciects, &c., are of Long Islaud locust. The deck frame is of white oak and yeilow pine, fully knecd off with bosom, lodging and hanging knees of hack- matack—this portion of the wor! pape dos » in the er observed througiont che s ner, thoyough mi me IBNTRE HOARD TRUNK has been constructed in a novel manner, yer poss sing admirable peculiarities, it is framed oi two white-oak logs twenty-six Inches in depth, extend forward and aft twelve feet from each end of the trunk proper, the forward and alter pieces join- ing 1n between these two centre board fogs, which are framed in with heavy live oak ioors, pug’? over the Keel and centre beard tinbers. ‘The cenire- | board is twenty-five feet in lengti, cwelve and five Inches thick, ava wilt be hung and worked in the usual mode, | THE DEC | of the boat wil be fush, wiil ekpit att and quite | low rails. ‘The deck pinukig were brolight trom Oregon, an@ uave been seasouing, it is said, for | ed or more, It partakes o! ¢ characteris tics of the cedar epecies, bat 16 18 110 run whether It ts that or pine, It emits a pl Hut odor vi 2 ually, and makes one of ihe ever latd on a yoont. Fer frame ballast is nearly amidships. ‘fwen finest loomug decks at iron, and placed Ons ure lu pusition. and fron, the sternpost to after end of stern, 13 but eight feet, Its shape and workmenehtp will be abent the samc as the “George Steers’ stern,” known among ull shipbaiiders, and whenever men- toned recais in the mind of the more intelligent of the craft the universal tame wich that architect poe mM the victory Over the royal British yacht syuadron, won by hia ther incomparable yacht Aimerica-a victory #8 much more honorable than one gained upon a stricken Held, as the aris Of peace are more edie and en- nobiing than the arts o. war, THE ROwsrnit Will be permanent and finished in the old-fashioned manner, laviug the tall busi of a werdkn—an Ama zoulun, ‘HR CONDITION of the schooner, a8 to her forwardness, ts ve factory, but nob quite so Much 60 #5 anticipated, She was commenced tue 1st of December, an 3 expected to have been Iaunched about this time, but the unpropitious weather and a multitude of tule matters which oun uever be foreseen, 50 de- Jayed the builder that it will require fully three weeks before she is poised trnly and securely on her “native element.’ But she ts in frame, tuoroughly celled inside, planked oniside and te deck laid. SPARKING, as No startling tonovations will be madé tn the mat- ter of sparring the new boat, but from the Known reputation of her modeller itis saie to Le emphatic In the announcetnent that tt will be done well and correctly, From the annexed it will be seen with what the work will be done:— Mainmast, 87 leet; 21 inohes im purtaers; 9 feet masthead; of white pine. Foremast, 86 teet; 21 mMastuead; of white pins Bowsprit, 24 fect outboarr inches by 20 inches in the knigutheads; to be bored 6 inches in diameter from end to en‘; of white pine, Kiying jipboom, 18 feet irom cap to stay; whole length, 43 feet; LO inches im the cap; of sp: | Mainboom, 70 feet: 134; luehes in the white pine, with maiogar inches in partoera; 9 feet 12 feet inboard; 18 Foreboom, 34 feei; v mchés plne, With mahogaty jawa. We Mn the slings; of white etd ad 36 foregat, $2 fect; eli ight spars to be of spruce. Vopmasis, 40 feet in length and Lv inches in the oa) 8. | Rrnaresalt yards, 60 fee!; ditto booins, 49 teet. Gafitopsail spreets, 60 feet; aitto ha, 88 feet, "ANDING KIC f the best ish © HER fore and ait, will be wire. reoal CANVAS. Although in the porticniar of sails tue matier has not beea fully settied upon by her owner and de- | signer, I can say that in the mainsall, fovesath and fio chere Will be 7,325 sqnare feet. What her lighter sails will spread is nol now known, but there is a certainty the boat will ably carry all the canvas as- | signed ber, TNE ACCOMMODATIONS | of the yacht will be of the most roowy char: { and arranged with an 2 stigly tothe ea luxury which bor appescauce Will suggest. companionway trom tho covkpit leads tonto the cabia, Which will be nineteen feet six inches in length and thirteen eet in width on the floor, On eter side of the companioaway there will bo @ guarter room for the sailiug masicr and mute, midships are rho ‘HH STATBROOMS, four in number. ‘9 of thes will be on the star- board side of centre board trunk, being those in- tended for the owner, They communicate, the larger being ten feet by tweive cet and gle smaller ten feet by eight ieet. Folding doors wiil be ar- Tanged so that these rooms may at any time be thrown tnto one. Immediaiely forward of these 1s | the water closet, and tho: two staterooms on port side, intended lor guests. The cabin and state- rooms will veda biaek waluut Anish, the panels of the former being set in WITH MIRRORS. Sofas, iuxurionsly covered and finished, wi! also abound, and bureaus will be placed in all the state- | rooms, The main hatch leads into the kitchen, and forecastie hatcn, forward of the foremast, into the forecasile, There is a communication into the water closet, down ine mein lonway, | througl the kitchen, and from the « private eens Tue forecastle will have accommoda- ion FOR NINE MEN, | likewise one room iorward tor ihe petty offices There is also another room, in connection with t kitchen, for the steward and cook. tno i) Two main “A? skylights, one armidsiips, ten feet in length, and the other, eight fest long, over the cabin, wil give a grand light and ample ventilation to the latter and fhe staterooms. Of course, there wlil be stores, Jee houses, pantyies, galleys, lockers, and every- thing else of like nature where required. The flooring will be or white pine. ‘Tie cabin and state- Teoma It Will mi hy LUXURIOUSLY CARPETED. ~ All skylights, combings aud companionways will be of mahogany. Samuel Sneden contracted to build the yacht. His foreman, Mr. L. M. Jackson, hag charge of tie Job, and Danfei Anthony, of New York, 18 doing the joiner work, buch, in brief, willbe Rear Commodore Osgood’s schooner, and knowing how @ yacht shouid be built and kept, when fully finished, ue Will havea wonder, [ hope, in speed, even AS IN BEAUTY, That she will pessess the latver from ihe copper on her. kecl to her truck I am assured, aud whenever she races, whether against the clippers of the clup or ‘oreiga antagonisis, 1 bave ne pleasanier wish than that her success may be the success of the Magic on that event! day in August, 1870, wen she led to the home stakeboat the fluest flees of yachts in one of the iinest racesever eatied. Thom's my sentiments, ‘all told.’ THE IRON SLOOP VINDEX. fu the yard adjoining My Bucden's are the works of Messrs. Reauey, Son & Archuold, where ile irow Moog Racpt of Mx. Robert Conter is now on thé stocks. This yeniiemaa, frow 'he time ner kect laid, has been enthusiastic ithe matier of her con- struction, and as it 1s tho first yaebt of iron ever built or attempied to be bait im Us country there { is much that is VERY INTERESTING attached to her co.sp! aud tnal [tis not sup- posed from her Ler Mr. Center, who, with an artist frend moiel, inteuded that sie should be very fast, but ii 8 beyond qnestion—and it is & pardoiable exultation oa thea ps Not fear sea and wind, will be very roomy and ex- ceedingly pieasant, from the beginaing to the end of Us yacht, Wileb, perchance, efter ull, may heave | the best right to assume the utte of ; “CHAMPION OP THE ¥RATHEI WEIGHTS” in the coming season, Mr. Center, atded in part by bis iriead and yachting entilusiass, have peen the authors of this boat. Her rm , Ute Calculauons necessary to be made to detcrgune cxponenis of DuOyalicy, Stablitty, Uispu Md ali tho wilde. Uonal Iutricate mathematical problerus 10 corres lauion, together with her inger fitiuigs location of mast, riggiag aud sais, were determi upon oy it she will him, Vo way thay Mr. Center 18 culuusiastic in cae | matter would be feebly expressing his interest in the Dew boal’s success, as leis acive, earuest | | wud wateniul, keeping | A WEACBER BY open to almost every stroke of the hammers toat ; have sent it along to that stage of progress tiat in @ shori timeshe will be ready ior iauachung, The good lutie Vindex, for that 1 believe sbe will de christened, is a keel sloop yacht os Irom, the Keel | Delug three feot deep by one tack tn thici . This depih of keel 1s extraordinary ia a boat of her size, aud, together with its excecding lushtness, 10 is Claimed great advant as been galned. 'Y plating (Of wrougit iron piates) is taree-sixteent of an tach in thickness, all the plates being put together jlusn, with no lap3 as are usual, and there- fore her sides are as SMOOTH“AB A VLOOR. | Her frames are eighteen inches apart and are ot angle iron, two and @ half incies by three inenes, Beams ure on every irame, three inches by three inches, of ee iron, and two -bulb beams are placed, one forward and she other avait of wh mast. The plating of the bull isa splendid of workmanship, Which you can readily imagine when I tell you, in connection with what ha: tong’ vw ‘eet “ax inches ‘wide, d tapering to wi an the onde. ‘fue boat bas = Sis TE WE boat of her | teenths of an inch thick. Such are tne pringtpa pope of the constraction of the vindex, lle ‘The dimensions of the new schooner are as fol- | wideh | wide | | Bach biock 1s hung wilh ¢ rew bolts, aud so | ot arranged as not to hang ou the skin, X DH sit of the schooner 18 of ie usaal American pattern, yas | ailders hold that she Is of immense nivel and @ taut craft. ler owner, me ing such @ member of Contends, and I believe satisfactorily den At, that in her great depth of keel, having noid In the water, and the weight being 60 do’ that its displacement wil! be so much than {ts weignt, the stability of tho vessel is euhanced thereby, The suootiness of the plat will offer much LB9S SKIN RBSISTANCE 10 going through the water than would a wooden Vessel without copper, and even With that it is am open ques fon if, with the tron boat's bottou and sites being thoroughly clean, its smoocuness will } Bot be superior to copper. Vindex, togetuer with her MANY CALCULATIONS, AREAS, ; 8nd sd on, will undoubtedly prove of great mtérest wo all yaoht butiders in che country, aud perhapa to ail yachtmen, Appreciating tus l have obtamed aid thus present them aa foilot - Lengih on deck, 6 Lenyin on load litte, 55 feet. Breadth of beaw over ali, 17 feet. Breadth of beam At load water line, 16,38 feet, Moan draught of water to base Une at dead fat | frano, 6 feet. |. Ori line to | bottom of kee eet. Dr of water forward [ron load water line to keel, 5.4 feet. reatest (ransverse vertical section, 44.82 load Water line, 640,52 aquare feet. F inwiied water Une, ab aD augia of ten ‘Tae dtinensiens ef the or aft from joed water 2M | bot | to Contre of gravil the load waver ln, att, | Centre of gravity of displacement below load water lhe, 1.40 ieet alt, Centre of gravity of load water ine, from sniddle of load #ater Ime. 4.6 feet ale ; _Centie of gravity of tuciiued Water line, from middie of load water lind, 8.4 feet ai. Coatwe of gravity of the versal lougiiudinal sec. tiou, from te middle of load water line, 2.07 feet aft, Midsbip section On dead fatframe, trom middle of load Wuter ine, 4.5 feet. |. Displicement before centre gravity displacement, { In tous, 10.6). ° mt abaft centre gravity displacement, ai displacement of re body before ispiacoment, 0.56 fee ‘avity of after body abafi centre gravity displacement, 7.05 feet. Proportion of displacemeat to the circumscribing paralielopipedon, .2 Nove. -Displacement height of vessel. Proportion of area of load water line ty elream> scribing parallelogram, .624. Norv.--Squsre fee! in load water line divide’ by jengt nd brewth of vessel. Proportion of area of midship section to ciroum- seribing parallelogesm, Square feet in midahip section divided »y brendt of veanel. iside of stem to centre of mastatep, wations enough and a vasis for e4 to bulld a similar yacht. they now yy comparson of the different centres of gravit from middie and tnelined waiter Ine how even! balanced tie vessel 18; by the midsnip seovion dead fat srame What character of ruu she has the displacement of water in front of tne vessel how much the body of the boat i8 cut away model; by comparison of 4 how the boat should sail, aud ether mteresting data of the greatest value to the interested. divided by length, breatth and No and heigh From fo 21 feet v inch Here ere ci arty Or pa SPARRING, ‘The spars, as was tle canvas, Were all determined upon by Mr. Center, and, together, tne bit ig ment is very mique and worthy of praise, The rious dimensions are as foliows:— 5 Length of mast irom deck to hounds Masthead. Main gai...... Bowsprit, outboard, over al! Bowsprit to shouider Topimast to cap. ‘Topsall yard... in. 4 CANVAS ‘The area of the canvas designed for the new seems of excelleut proporuen, and I am assur thatin the arguments that are brought agalnay it, any, the owner will stand erect aa Uls boat, witit sails set, to meet all che breezes of criticism. T hope that should sueh contests oecur tne irited yacnte Men of the Vindex will cause all oppos: TO BE FURLED, all antagonistic colors to be struck and al! anchors The Vindex Spuare Peete 8 but ns own cast in the sea OF silonce. Wiil spread canvas as sudjoined:— Atea of mainsall Area of ioresail. Area of jib., | Area of gatftopsitl Area of )1b topsaii Arcs of Hallogn jib. ACCOMMODATIONS AND PIT The aceommodatious of tle sloop Vindex will nd remarkauly jie aad spaciens tor a boat oMher class. Shere will bo two staterooms on cicuer side, J | forward of amidships, each of which wid be ten leet do length by there 1ehalf feet i width on the oh ; door, They will be finished in mahovany and oak Trame panels, relieved by gilt mouidings.” Lonages and doubie berths and weehb: wilt pe im abundance, THR CAIN Will be eight feot soug dnd ton feot wide on the floor, The passageway from tins to the forecastie Will be two deer wide, “Sue latter will have aceome modations for eight mon, betugsixteea tert long and of Ave fect meal wiith oa the Moor: tue skylight amidships, petween the staterooms, will be four feet loug and two feet six inches wide, The finish of the cabin wiil be of the SINGLE PANEL STYLE, and berths closed fn with mab: utters, 60 ar- ranged by letting down that dovbie berins are formed. Tie water tank, titted tn the skimof the boat, i¢ eight feet in length, All tn ther Ants mg—companlon way and coekpit and 80 on—wiil be in mahogany; the seats in the Iatier and of the same material. ‘The segment for rudder head and pinion will be of | composition; the-head of hand tiller aise uf compo: | altion, with | 1 NICKEL PLATING. The spindiec bearing and sicering wheel will also be of same material and plated as the latter. The ~ handle of Wheel will be of lec with mahogany | and blackwood run, presenting an appearance so } elegaut as to challenge the admiravion 1 behold- ers and praise the VASUS OF THE DESIGNER. Such is the iron sloop building for tr, Center—a yacht lignter, her ouuders afivm, than any wooden | one of ke dimensions afoat--a boat tat, when 9 ! istally finished and first skims the briny wave | In all her magnificent trappingsand silver piating, in the simsnine of & bright suuuner moraing, m: seem, with a litte stretch of imagtmation, as di ! vleopatra’s barge— m Like a burniah'd throne med on the water; the poop was beaten gold; ple the sails, and so per‘umed that i The winsis ick with then THE COLCRED GosPun. Prince Van Brummy from Africa, on A‘ricas Crvilization~Da:kness All Round. Last evening, at Shiloh Presbyterian church, the Rev. Jucob Yon Brumn, the Prince of the Bassa tribe, in Westera Africa, preached to a large colored | audience on the subject of “The Conversion and Clvilization of the Nutives of Bassa.? tie speaks Suently and bas apparently been well educated. | He took bis text from Bpbesians tii., 1s—That ye | may be able tocomprehend the depth and breadta of the ilove of Cirist,” fe began first py telling | them how, in the year 1828, a missiouary caine To | Bessa and took him under his coarge edusaiet nim in the Word of God, am the Prince of tne tribe cf Gr Bassa, | a torritory eStenimg three hunny mules along the coast of Africn and ont hanced mites in- ward. We ayo f gicat inuitiinds, bat totally destr- of the Word of God. My people worship sticks nes and thiaged. ‘The imissionary got Maud ‘had to go home to Germany, aud lie ieft me im charge OF Nis school; but what good can one man do Wmolig so iaeny? What we waut you larze-hearted pe of Amerie® to do 13 to let masead you twelve ; of my ects, and let You edacato them m the | knowiedge of God, and then jet Mm conic out among Os — It is no use to send out white men; the ) cline Hid Kui them, and they couta not work. j One block inan will be able to do a3 mitch as 8 | doze. white men.” ‘ne country ig tn an awl sate of darkness, hoathenisim ai! rouhd. ‘The poor | Affican now looks to we nobie American for fhe and heip tat we may be able ‘to compcohend the sove of Christ’ When frst Theard the missioua’ saying tho words ‘Jesus Christ’ } thought it wag | sweot and pleasant sound, 80 L kepton repeating 18 and gratuuily got aceestomed to if. i then got ace ydalsied with che mysteries of the Hviog God and | tke sending lig Son on earth to save o rotched us irom niter dameation., Tow again implore US oil the help you can and regenerate and davkdes’, for on you aione oar A good collection was then txen. STABBED IN THE BACK. At eight o'clovk iaat night Joaepi Magenty, aged twenty-six, of 164 Nor‘olk street, wivte sitting in nts room was stapbed im the back by an Itailam named | Cresar Cardoso, & resiient of Roosevelt s | Mude his éseane and is still at jar; ™ } attended by a police surygeou, who jr Wounis not of a serious charasier, ‘ trie, Who was identified by Magenty 2+ tue party Who stabbed iim, was snbseqrentiy avrosied bY a oMor of the ienth precinct, and will Lo aravigned at Bssex Mar i Catharine Gallagher, aged sixiy-Bv., of 34 Jacks son street, and Catharine M Carty yesierday after noon eng: scussion, during Which the in ai latter assaulied the sormor with a hatolet, ‘ew injuring her. alr. —— wes removed to Thirteenth precinct house and aitenaed Ponice poegers a which WAR Be:levue pital in an ‘Er eocape aad in atl) at