The New York Herald Newspaper, February 1, 1871, Page 4

INEW YORK HERALD * BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, \ PROPRIETOR. XXXVI —— AMUSEMENTS THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING. OLYMPIO THEATRE, Broad THE PANTOMIME OF War Witee Wingi.” Matinee 802 f powsar THEATRE, Bowery.—PasTor’s DavoutTEer— Bux Saw. { WOOD'S MUSEUM Broadway, corner 30h st.-Perform- Jpnoes every afteruoon and evenias. (GLOBE THEATRE, 738 Rroadway.—VantaTY ENTER: Pannenr, £0.—laTtLe Bo 2. NEW YORK STADT THEATRE, 45 Bowery.—Rouro Srore, FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, Twenty-fourth street.— TOGA. pores THKATRR, 334 st., between th ans 6th avs.— TOHRLIEU. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—THE SPECTACLE oF BLaok Croox. MALLACES THEATRE, Broadway ana 18th street— 1: | LINA EDWIN's THEATRE, 720 Broadway.—Hon: wn; O28, THE TWO LIVES OF Magy Lnras, mies GRAND OPERA HOCUS! _ b lt 5 E, corner of 8th ay. ana 234 st. MRS. F. B. CONWAY'S PARE 1 .— . ab pL oS, HEATRE, Brooklyn. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE. 201 Va BLY ENTERTAINMENT. Matinee at 25. mena te TRE COMIQUE, 514 Broadway.—Comto V. N@Ro Acts, aoreae ree Find. Matinee ai 24. SAN FRANCISCO nano MINSTRELSY, MINSTREL HALL, 585 Broaiway.— Fanoss, Busirsguss, £0. BRYANT'S NEW of OPERA eye ‘ave.—Nz@no Minsragi pereeaens ee JOORNTRICITIEG, &C, APOLLO HALL. corner street — jet Cousy's Dionama or Fimane higacvenniie NEW YORK CIRCUS, Fourteenth street.—Scx: Riva, Aczosats, 49. Matinee at. ™ acy yd OPERA HOUSE, Brooklyn.—! x & Leon's iixerercee moar s)Aap ROOKLYN OPERA HOUSE—Weuoa, ‘Birs'’s MINSTRELS. ~CaRRY THR News to ia . NEW YORK MUSE ANAT Broa —— cane Pg UM O! ‘OMY, 618 \dway. DR. KAHN'S ANATO! onlin MICAL MUSEUM, 765 Broadway.— WITH SUPPLEMENT low York, Wednesday, February 1, 1871. CONTENTS OF TO-DAY’S HERALD, ‘ Pace, Advertisements. §kire Before Defeat —Tn Uhanz: fore Defeat—The Acting Government ol Provindial France—News From Venezuela— Walking Pestilence— Camden Riots— in a Lumber Yard—Custom House aoe ee Jersey Legislature—A West- chester Will Case—Concert at Christ onarn pe Hed E. oe neh in the Sul meet jagara Frontier Police—Marriages ani eaths—Advertisementa, Sy 4-Bitoriais: Article, “The Prostrate nd Chaotic Condition of France—What Is to Be the Next Government ?”—Amusement An- nouncements. S—Editoriai (Continued from Fourth Page)—Tho War in France: The Armistice—The Capitula- tion of Paris—Revictuaning the Capital—Gene- Tal War News—' ee Euro- Pean Oongress—Italy and Rome—Germany and the il aaa from Cuba: Arrest of Ip- sBurgente—! eglaneons Telegrams—Ameri- gan Cotton de—Personal Intelligence Views of the Past—Basiness Notices, Conese State Capital : ind of the Con Election Case; Carey iiven the Seat Uver Twombly—The Arkansas jature—The Geographical Boctekr—‘mhe juantepec ey—Personal Notes—The Re- ublican Court : irs. Grant's Third Recep- lon—The Holland Benefit in Boston—A Jersey Manslayer Sentenced—Army intelligence. ‘Y—Advertisements. 8—Inquest in the Case of the Tenement House Hor- Tor—A Young New York Thief in Missouri— jatters—Draak Himself to Death- esterday’s Proceedings at pecial lons—The Another Kerosene Lump Warning—Fraudu- lent Bonds—Tne Death of Mr. Watson—Pre- Poe in the New York and Brooklyn ®—The Courts (continued from Eighth Page)—The Philadelphig Beast: Hanlon to be Hanged To- Day; History of His Crime—Arrest of a Noto- rious Forger—The Brooklyn Heaith Bureau— The Police Puzzle in Newark—Journalistio jotes—Financial and Commercial Reports— oe ee Subsidies—The ‘ ry. (0-News from Washington—The Fenian Exiles’ Entertainments—New York City News—Ship- ping Newe—Advertisements. Mes. Grant's Tumep Reception came off i esterday, and we give our lady readers an- Pie interesting account in another column of Mwho were there and what they wore—those jwo subjects of newspaper discussion more eagerly seized upon by the gentler portion f humanity than any other, unless we except e “Deaths” and “Marriages.” m likely to end in a civil war in that State, ‘he Governor and Lieutenant Gevernor are at flaggers’ points, and the two houses of the [Legislature are so equally divided that no sitive measures can be taken by either arty legitimately. Under this pressure it is robable the Governor, whom we know from i past actions for a man of fron will and \stubborn determination, will declare martial w and have the scenes of 1867 repeated, hen negro militia swept the State and kept ‘rebellious demecrats under subjection. fee Lxorstative Trovsies in Arkansas . THe Cusan Insurrgction.—Our special Mespatch from Havana dated yesterday leaves ‘ns no room to doubt that the bottom of the (Cuban republic is dropping out as rapidly as Deff Davis’ dropped out some years ago. The mere show of a Congress which was kept up Jn order to simulate some kind of a government jpoems to have disbanded and the members Jhave taken to the woods, intent mainly on paving themselves, The Vice President of fee republic is wandering about {n the woods near Guaymaro, and a number of members, -——~"pa well as several military chiefs, have already rendered themselves to the mercies of Captain General Valmaseda, Iraty, THE PoPE AND THE EmprnorR WIL- 14M. —His Holiness the Pope, like some of our \Americaa politicians at election time—no per- onal comparison intended—is likely to have #*hosts of friends.” The Italian government has just assured the National Parliament that the 's movement towards Rome is in reality tended to secure the complete freedom of e Pontiff—‘‘to exempt the Pope from sub- jection to any temporal authority,” as it ts in our cable telegram from the Holy (ity to-day. So far so good. But atill a comes next, His imperial Majesty the Emperor of Germany has just forwarded an jButograph letter to Pio Nono. The royal \missive was presented at the Vatican by Herr ‘Von Arnim, the North German Minister near the Holy See. The conqueror of Paris “thanks the Pope for his peace counsels” and “expresses very conciliatory views.” The Emperor makes no reference to the question bf the temporal power. Perhaps he has reserved it as a very interesting question in petto to be brought up at a future day. The great warrior Emperor is really coming out ps a “Head Pacificator” in Europe, EW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1871.—WITH ernment ¢ The capitulation of Paris has, in reality, made an end of the war. It was not expected that it would be otherwise. Wherever there is regret now the regret seems to be that the war was not ended by the fall of Sedan and the surreader of the Emperor, Since that date the conduct of the French people has, no doubt, been heroic; but in spite of all the heroism which they have been able to evince, in spite of the enormous sacrifices which they have unquestionably made, disaster has fol- lowed disaster in succession so swift and of a character so alarming that the war details, where they had not become revolting, croated @ deep, strong, earnest desire for peace, It was difficult to hope for France after Sedan. It was more difficult after the fall of Stras- bourg. It was felt by many that the cause of France was desperate after the fall of Metz and the surrender of Bazaine. Since that date none but the wildest enthusiasts have doubted that the complete subjagation of France was only a question of time, and, the same classe excepted, the opinion has been reueral the prolongation of the war, so far as France was concerned, was a useless waste of time, of blood and of treasure. To-day even enthu- siasts are quieted. With the capitulation of | Paris France has collapsed. Once more in the history of la grande nation Paris has been found to be France. It is safe, we think, to say that France was never in her whole history so completely de- feated as she is at this moment. Was she ever so thoroughly exhaugted? In the year 1814, when the English, Prussians, Austrians and Russians encamped on her territory and entered her capital in triumph, dictating what terms they pleased and imposing upon her a government, France had had over twenty years of experience of war, either intestine or foreign. The wars of the factions, guillotine, the wholesale massacres, the noyades, the wars of the republic, the wars of the empire, in spite of the stolen treasures which were brought to France by the armies of Napoleon, and, notwithstanding the assistance which was obtained from willing or unwilling allies, had sadly told on the population and resources of the country. Relatively and in presence of the foe she is, for all immediate and practical purposes, weaker in 1871 than she was in 1814, At that date when she succumbed to the foo she had not sustained 80 many crushing defeats—at least, not in so immediate succession. We have stated in these columns already that a careful calcula- tion would show that the losses of France, including men and treasure, and taking into consideration the destruction of her territory and the effects that must follow from her ter- rible prostration and humiliation, are incalcu- lably greater than any she has experienced in her whole history. It is possible, in fact, that France has suffered more from this six months’ war than she has suffered from all her past wars put together. However this may be, it will not be denied that she never was so thor- oughly and completely whipped. Not daring all those months of hard fighting has she won asingle victory which could have any real effect on the issue of the campaign. All her best generals and all her trained soldiers are either destroyed or made prisoners of war. Army after army has been raised; but evgry fresh army has rushed afresh to ruin. By those who think that France could and should prolong the struggle it ought to be remem- bered that she has only raw levies and inex- perienced generals wherewith to confront the trained armies and veteran officers of Ger- many. It would have been madness for Francé in 1814 to prolong the fight against the allies, It would be greater madness to pro- long the struggle to-day, for the reason that whereas the allies were made comparatively weak by mutual jealousy, Germany is strong by a unity of organization, a unity of authority, @ unity of purpose. It.is vain to talk of a prolongation of the war, Lyons and Marseilles and the South generally may feel bad; but when even Gam- betta has given up the contest the South will see the propriety of accepting peace. The question of the hour fs, what is to be the next form of government? Amid the chaos which at present reigos it is difficalt to see how order isto emerge. To the war, which it is reason- able to conclude has now come to an end, will in all likelihood succeed a war of the factions. The moderate republicans, the red republicans, the legitimists, the Orleanists are all at work already. The Emperor William has acted wisely in granting the French people permis- sion to elect a National Convention. It was the simplest way to get out of the difficulty. It was impossible for him to sign a peace treaty with the Government of the National Defence. It would have been an open insult to the French people to sign a peace treaty with the representatives of Napo- leon. The plan which the Emperor has adopted gives the French people a fair oppor- tunity to settle their own affairs. Their destiny is once more in their own hands. The elections throughout France are to be held on the 8th of February. The Convention will open on the 15th, It remains to be seen how France will conduct herself, first during the election and afterwards in the National Assembly. It is possible that under the pressure which is now upon them order will reign. It is just as possible that confusion will become worse confounded—that the demagogues will come to the surface, and that in some quarters, at least, the scenes of the first great Revolution will be re-enacted. It will be well for France if the memory of the First National Convention be not revived. It Matters little to us whether France goes in for @ republic, for a limited monarchy or for the empire. We may rely upon it that the Ger- mans are absolutely indifferent. If the French people use their opportunity well and decide harmoniously upon 9 fogp of government the Emperor William will recognize that govern- ment and sign a peace treaty just as gladly with Gambetta as with the Count de Paris or with the Empress Regent. If France does not use her opportunity wisely and well, if a war of factions ensues, Bismarck will not be slow to advise bis master to take the matter into his own hands, and German bayonets may do for France what France seems either un- willing or unable to do for herself. The Em- peror has power enough to put upon the Frenob throne whom he will. A word from Phe Prostrate and Obmetic Condition of France-What Is to Be the Next Gev- him would restore the House of Orleans. He has but to let loose the imprisoned legions captured at Sedan, at Strasbourg, at Metz and elsewhere to make secure once more the posi- tion of Napoleon or of the Regency. There is another course yet open to him. This ruinous | war was forced on Germany because France | would not allow a Hohenzollern to occupy the | throne of Spain. It would be a strange result of this war, a startling revolution of fortune, ® peculiar revenge, if Leopold of Hohen- zollern should be borne in triumph to the | Tuileries and tho throne of St. Louis. Such | @ conclusion of the whole matter would not be ‘unworthy of the bold and dashing genius of | Bismarck. We are willing to hope with the French ‘ people. Lot us hope that they have gathered , Some wisdom from their recent bitter experl- ‘ence. If they do not show somo signs of common sense the world will cease to extend to them either respect or sympathy. Tho Latest Despatches from France. Tho news from France to-day shows pretty conclusively that the people are anxious for pesca, The war spirit is evident in some localities it is true, Lyons for instance; but Lyons has not suffered as Paris, Amiens, Orleans and other cities we might mention, and, in all probability, if that great commercial centre had been subjected to some of tho visitations that other but more northern cities suffered from the ardor of that por- tion of its citizens who are so anxious to prolong a hopeless contest, might be considerably toned down. Southern France has not suffered at all in this war in compatison with the ravages which have been in the North. In contrast to the war spirit of the South we find that the people ef the North, theugh astounded at the conclusien of an armistice, have the courage to admit that it is the best thing that could be done under the circumstances, The despatches all agree in describing the condition of Paris as most melancholy. The desire of the German leaders to mitigate the hardships of the people is praiseworthy. Until the arrival of stores, now on their way from England, Belgium and Germany, the capital will be relieved from the German army stores. There are still some movements going on by the armies on both sides. Bourbaki’s army is enolosed on or near the Swiss frontier. A portion of the French Army of the Loire, in attempting to move further southward, caused movement on the part of a portion of the Prince Frederick Charles’ forces, and they destroyed the bridges of Blois and Abbeville. Fort Valérien was occupied by Prussian troops yesterday. Carey vs. Twombly. This contested election case, which at one time threatened to change the aspect of the majority in the Assembly, has been decided in favor of Mr. Carey, the incumbent, by means which, although strictly honest in a parlia- mentary sense, are not likely to prove satis- factory to the original voters in the district that Mr. Carey now represents, The commit- tee some time azo had permission given it to report at any time, and the repudNican mem- bers had a right to expect that some notice would be given them of the coming event. Instead, however, the committee came in yesterday, when three of the republi- cans were absent, presented their report giving Mr. Carey the seat, and then, under the whip and spur of the previous question, the House was compelled to adopt it. The vote #tood sixty- three to sixty-one, and there was one demo- crat absent; so that if every member had been present the aspect of the vote might not have been substantially changed, the democrats still having one majority. But there was some hope on the part of the republicans that at least one democrat would bolt, and the hasty action of the majority would seem to vindicate that there was some reason for the hope. However that may be, no ease has ever shown up 80 completely the ridiculous aspect of this mdde of deciding a contested election. The people to be repre- sented are not taken into account at all, The votes actually cast in the three wards which compose the Seventh district of this city were 2,222 for Twombly and 2,204 for Carey; but because a supervisor of elections, appointed, not by the State, but by the United States, handled the ballots during the canvass the whole vote in one district of the Sixteenth ward is thrown out, leaving the very suspicious looking majority for Carey of two. These tricks are old politicians’ tricks, we know. Our citizens have long been familiar with them, and no doubt the republicans have frequently compassed their ends by the same means, But they cannot be entirely satisfac- tory to the eighteen republicans whose majority at the polling place has been thus wiped out by two democrats at the canvass. Our Shipping Interests—“‘A Sorry Sight.’ The official report to Congress on the shipping of the United States is a distress- ing exhibit. Of the whole tonnage entered at our seaports for the year 1870 only thirty- six per cent was American against forty-seven per cent British and seventeen per cent for other countries, Since 1860 our seagoing tonnage has fallen off fifty per cent, while that of England has increased one hundred per cent, so that England in this important matter has gained upon us one hundred and fifty per cent since 1860. No wonder her nobility, capitalists and speculators went in for Jeff Davis and his Southern Con- federacy. Jeff and his confederacy have en- riched England in theincrease of her com- mercial tonnage at the expense of the United States. First, those Anglo-rebel cruisers scared our commerce from the seas; next, our high war taxes cleared off our shipbuilders and stopped our building ot ships; and so it is to-day. New York, as things are, can ne more compete with Glasgow in building ships than she can compete with Cuba in raising oranges, Congress will not allow our traders to buy their ships abroad, we can’t build them at home on a dead loss of half the cost, and 80 our sea tonnage has gone and is still going into the possession of England. Was there ever such stupidity inany of the excesses of home protection? There never was before, and we hope there never will be again, Tae Rapip TRANSIT QuEsTION: has been reinforced with the very novel idea of an elevated pneumatic railway from the City Hall up the east aide to Harlem and Westchester. “Morrill” Force, Are wo awake? We have been in the habit of considering ourselves net only awake, but wide awake. Nevertheless, we are com- pelled to suppose that we are walking about in a state of chronic somnambulism—that all life {s illusion. Is it the fact that a live mem- ber ef the House of Representatives, a veritable being in the flesh, a paitaloon-wear- ing, balance-at-his-banker-possessing, tariff. concocting, procreating, eating, drinking, digesting, sleeping human belng—a man made in the image of a common sense Creator and of the same pattern as ourselves—has really brought in a bill making it penal to sell or give intoxicating liquors for drink to all the civit and military officers of government? Is thatso? Or have all the newspapers of the United States been made the victims of a stupendous hoax played upon them by their correspondents at Washington ? the two suppositions we really do not know which is the more difficult to en- tertain, But upon a sober considoration of the probabilities of the case we are com- polled to believe that the correspondents have not confederated to make game of their em- ployers and the forty million citizens of the United States, No; it must be'that it is the Representative who has gone to the mad, not the correspondents who have all, like the pack of wild swine that went over the precipice, gone to the bad; for the correspondents owe a duty to their editors, failing in which they can be deprived of their salarles; whereas members of Congress, we are fast getting to think, owe us no duty, or at least think they owe none to any one in the heavens above or the earth below. It is, then, Mr. Morrill who has unhappily become a victim of mental aberration. We “are sincerely sorry. That gentlemen has, evi- dently, parted with his senses, and his friends must lose no time in taking the steps which the law provides for distressed families on such melancholy occasions. Much learning made Paul mad, according to Festus. Much pondering on moral duties has evidently dis- turbed the mental balance of the eminent per- son from Maine, This prophet of total absti- nenee has imbibed morality in such reckless and profligate quantity that he has become the victim of a new form of delirium—not the delirium tremens of alcohol, but the delirium tranquillum of fanaticism. It is a curious case for pathologists—very curious—and we shall await with eagerness the comments of our brain doctors upon this original form of brain disease, which it is a proud thing for our great country to introduce to the attention of medical mankind. In what other way are we to treat this amazing incident? It is not possible—no, it is not possible—for any sane man to suppose that such a proposal can be passed. into law by a body of sane legislators. It is not pos- sible for any sane man to imagine that it could be executed if it did. It is absolutely unnecessary to comment upon such a proposal as the offspring of a serious legislative pur- pose emanating from a mind in a condition of normal health. But we cannot consent to forego our own privilege of reason, in spite of such eminent and respectable temptation to make fools of ourselves. We are sane, and by the blessing of God mean to remain 80 as long as we can, How long that will be while this epidemic of contagious legis- lative irrationality is in the air we don’t know. But we will do our best, ‘‘’Tis a mad world, my masters.” But we are still sensible enough to ask what is the meaning and what is to be the end of these inexcusable vagaries? Why are the forty millions of sensible business peo- ple who inhabit the country to be disgraced and worried by such freaks of legislative im- pertinence as this? Why is Congress to be turned into an arena for half-cracked people to crack bad jokes in the face of an overtaxed and insulted public? Is there any remedial agency anywhere which will stop this morbid development of foolishness in high places? Or are we to go on until our whole public busi- ness breaks down under the weight of public contempt? Do not let anybody mistake, There is something rotten in the state of Den- mark when anybody going about at large can do sucha thing as propound a crazy bill to make it a penal offence for government officials to take a drink. And that rotten thing in Denmark's state was Ham- let’s misfortune—a doubtful condition of sanity—that very doubt which we are compelled to raise about the gentleman from Maine. In the name of the public weal we demand that people who deal with political af- fairs should try to think soberly upon the pro- prieties and practicalities of public life, as they are condemned, ‘under the heavy penal- ties of insolvency and social ostracism, to deal soberly and decently with their private affairs, When Mr. Morrill proposes to make it ‘‘a crime against the peace of society” to offer the Com- mander-in-Chief of the United States Army, for example, a glass of wine, does he not know, to speak seriously, that he is himself guilty of a crime against human reason itself? If he does not know it, do his constituents know it? If they know it will they~ discredit them- selves and all of us by keeping such a Repre- sentative? If neither he nor they know it is there any one who can and will teach them? And if there is not what, in the name of the multiplication table, of the laws of gravitation, of all fixed facts and laws, is to become of them and all of us? Indeed, what would become of Washington in particular and mankind in general if the firm connection so happily established among us between whiskey and politics were to be broken down? ‘Shall there be no more cakes and ale,” oh Pharisee of the Pharisees? Was his Majesty King David a profane, not a sacred, majesty, when he declared with strong jadicious Hebrew sense that wine maketh glad the heart of man? The sting is taken out of the Puritans pretty considerably, thank good- ness. They cannot burn wrinkled old women for witches, 80 they are reduced to trying to “rob the poor man of his beer.” They will fail, The “‘bar,” literally, of public opinion will be too strong for them; and, though we may shock some foolish souls by saying it, we prefer tho simple intoxication produced by whiskey to the compound mental drunkenness of people who think that they can change human nature by acts of Congress. At all events it is leas mischievous, The one is the master of the china shop who goes into a passion and cracks a cup or two: the other is the ofr} SUPPLEMENT; ragiog boll that breaks into the shop and smashes everything, Relief for the Suffering French. The war has made sad havoc in France, The restoration of peace will reveal a vast amount of destitution among the French people. The two millions of Paris, com- pletely eaten out, have now to be fed from day to day from the limited supplies of the German investing army, though very exten- sive arrangements are in progress in Brussels, and London particularly, for the shipment of supplies to the exhausted city. The urgent necessitid® of Paris, therefore, will be provided for; but the whole northern half of France, by the armies of both sides, has been gleaned of its horses, cattle, swine, sheep, poultry, flour, grain and vegetables, and gaunt famine over all those desolated departments stares the suffering inhabitants in the face. Tho winter has, so far, been one of unparalleled severity in France and Germany, and it is only half ended, and it will be five or six months before any fresh supplies can be drawn from the soil, Here is a field for American charity as urgent as that of the Irish potato famine of twenty-five years ago, and it involves probably more suffering people than twice the whole population of Ireland. In tho case of the Irish famine the gov- ernment of the United States furnished several vessels for the transportation of supplies to the unhappy Island, and our people of all nationalities generously filled those ships and others too. Now this widely prevailing desti- tution in France suggests a similar plan of operations. Charity fairs are a good thing in their way, and our late German and French fairs in behalf of their wounded and sick seldiers from this war were great successes; but the general desolation entailed upon poor France calls upon this city and this country for something on a larger scale than fairs or for something more than a system of fairs, The government, as in the case of Ireland, should furnish some vessels for transporta- tion purposes, and in this city and in all our cities meetings should be held and committees of responsible men should be appointed for the collection of contributions of money, food and clothing for the suffering French people; and, in short, by complete arrangements with the other side, a systematic plan of operations should be adopted to make sure, as far as possible, of the transmission of our megns of relief to the suffering French in France. We are glad to see that a resolution was intro- nced in the United States Senate yesterday, making the same suggestions that we have made in the foregoing, and requesting the President to furnish a vessel to carry supplies to France. The resolution, which is still pending, will, we trust, be taken up to-day and promptly passed, so that no time may be lost in the benevolent work of suc- coring the unhappy people of France. All the French railroads and rivers are now open for the transportation of supplies to Paris, and doubtless within a few days, from the facilities of the armistice, we shall have some details from the desolated French departments indicating the extent of their destitution. Meantime it is not too soon for an initial public meeting in this city in view of the ways and means of relief we have suggested. A half dozen, more or less, of our irifluential fellow citizens, from a half hour’s conversation over their noonday lunch, can put this ball in motion. The First Napoleon’s Opinion of Surren- ders, It is interesting at this moment, when the world is about to witness one of the most re- markable capitulations which has ever illus- trated the changing fortunes of war, to know what was the feeling of the Great Captain whose intellect raised himself and his family from poverty and obscurity to half a dozen of the leading thrones of Europe, The opinions of such a man were important {n the highest de- gree in his own time, which his career so bril- liantly distinguished from other historical periods, and in our own day, as well, because its annals have been affected by the results of his achievements. Duroc’s idea of him, ex- pressed to Caulaincourt, summed up the gen- eral estimate made of him by posterity, not- withstanding the bitterness of many detract- ors:—‘‘The greatest captain of the age; a sovereign whose ministers were merely his clerks; a statesman directing the whole busi- ness of his country and superintending every branch, yet grasping with facility all the de- tails of private life.” In fine, he was endowed with a variety of mental faculties, any one of which was sufficient to distinguish any indi- vidual from the multitude, Such was the man who once, in conversa- tion with General Dupont, who had surren- dered with ten thousand men, at Baylen, to the English army under Wellington, could find no words sufficient to denounce the act. “What should a general do,” be said, “when his force is in a difficult or doubtful situation? Change it if possible, If he cannot do that he should ap- peal to its courage and fight, always fight, because in that there is, at least, a chance. But he might be beaten, you say. Wel!, sup- pose he were; honor, at least, would remain.” Such is the sentiment of every soldier and every patriot, and the history of our own re- cent great struggle in America has shown how frequently occasion stood ready to engulf the noblest of causes, bad not the determination and energy of our generals From the nettle “danger” plucked the flower “safety.” The Franco-German war has been marked by many sudden and almost unaccountable surrenders, of which the crushing disaster at Sedan, where 85,000 men, with their Emperor- General at their bead, gave themselves up en masse, would have been the most conspicuous had not the capitulation of Metz, a regular for- tified city, a place of war, with 175,000 men, ‘eclipsed it. ; Paris may reasonably yield, in order to save her palaces of trade and her wonderful monu- ments and trezsures of art, history and reli- gion, after having already made @ noble resist- ance; but should the shade of the great Napoleon inspire the pen of future historians there have been some momentous scenes in the war of which we have witnessed all but the closing catastrophes ‘that it will be found Clomgrees Yestorday—Tho Income Tax— Bousty Lauds to Soldicre—The Test Oatiz, Tho con:titutional question as to the right of the Senats to originate the bill repealing the income tax is in a fair way of sottlement by a conference between the two houses. Tho message returning tiiat bill tothe Senate, with a respectful suggestion from'.the House that it had no authority té-originaté such a measure, came before the Senate yesterday, and that body, without going into a. discussion on the merits of the question, adopted tho much wiser and simpler plan of non..concurring in the reasons assigned by the House and of asking a committee of conference onithe point in controversy. The House subsequently agreed to that arrangement, with the\ under- standing, however, that the merits of th'e bill itself are not to come within the scope af the committee's deliberations. The committe? on the part of the Senate consists of Mosa rs. Scott, Conkling and Casserly, and on the part of the House of Messrs. Hooper, Allison and! Voorhees, \ The Chorpenning case, on which the House took action on Monday, was yesterday referred! in the Senate to the Post Office Committee, with the suggestion from Senator Trumbull that the bill be reported back and passed at once, as he regarded the claim as one of the most barefaced frauds ever practised on the government. The House resolution extending welcome and sympathy to the Irish exiles and patriots was also referred in the Senate to the Committee on Foreign Relations; and resolu- tions were introduced, and laid over, suggest- ing to the people of the United States to organize systematio measures for the relief of the poor of France, and requesting the Presi- dent to detail a national vessel to carry sup- plies that may be contributed for that purpose. Such a proposition will undoubtedly pass, and will receive the hearty support and co-opera- tion of the people. The question of the Georgia Senatorship was taken up and occupied tho attention of the Senate until that body went into executive session. Senator Saulsbury took occasion, ia the debate, to make a political speech, in which he eulogized General Hancock, and spoke of him as the standard bearer of the democratic party in 1872. What will Tammany Hall have to say to that? The subject which occupied most of the time of the House yesterday was a bill to facilitate persons who served in the army or navy during the late war to procure a homestead on the public lands. It changes the Homestead laws in regard to them by allowing them twelve months, after locating their homesteads, within which to commence settlement and improve- ment; deducts from the five years’ settlement required from other settlers the time spent in the service, and allows them to receive land warrants, which they can assign, with all the advantages secured by the bill. In the case of pensioners it does not require any settlement, but gives them the land warrants without it, which are also assignable. Its advantages extend also to the widows and orphans of soldiers. The princi- pal objection made to the bill was that while ostensibly for the benefit of those who served in the army. and navy it will only tend to facilitate the operations of land speculators, who will buy up the certificates for a mere trifle, and will be of no practical advantage to the classes in whose interest it is professedly framed. The bill, however, was passed, with only two votes in the negative. The Senate substitute for the bill abolishing the offices of admiral and vice admiral was taken up in the House and non-concurred in, and the matter was then referred to a com- mittee of conference. Then the Senate bill abolishing the test oath for those who canuot take it, and retaining it for those who can, was reported back from the Reconstruction Committee, with a recommendation that it be passed. The bill was under discussion. until the hour of adjournment, its opponenta arguing against its absurdity and incongruity.. It will probably be passed to-day. The Bill to Repeal the Income Tax. It is to be hoped that the conference com- mittee appointed yesterday by the two houses. of Congress will quickly settle the silly: dispute about the bill which proposes to repeal the income tax. The House has taken um- brage at the Senate for being first to move in the matter, and, standing upon an old consti- tutional idea that bills to raise revenue shall originate in the lower branch, has returned the Senate bill without action. The privilege of originating such measures in the lower house isa feature copied from the laws of Great Britain, and has been honored more in the. breach than in the observance. Again, if the members of the House wish to be so? particular about the letter of the law they are guilty of perpetrating a Hibernicism | in objecting on this score to a bill which prv 5. poses to reduce the revenue and not to ral go it. It has been long since conceded that b oth houses are co-ordinate in their powers # 3 to making laws, and that in only a few inst? noes, such as the confirmation of appointment 5 and the trial of impeachments, is specia) power delegated to one or the other. In fa’ , the ac. tion of the Senate may be defende q on the ground that the proposed repeal of‘ jhe income tax isan amendment to the gener 91 revenue law, the constitution providing tb ot while all bills to raise revenue shall ori ginate in the House “the Senate may prop oge or concur with amendments as on otD or pills.” (See Art. I, Sec. 7.) However, * should the ques- tion of parliamentary etiqu’ site threaten to de- feat the passage of the bil’ | we hope the Sen- ate will see the policy of receding from their action for the purpose ' of eventually passing the House bill, which ’ 5 now ready to com from the committee. The public demand the obliteration of the odious income tax, by whatever means 8 complished. Tue SuFFOO 70x of Four PERSONS BY Gas in the T hird avenue tenement houso seems (0 have ; been partly caused by the negli- gence of t?.9 owner of the tenement, who forgot to w ut caps upon the ends of the gas pipes in ),is house, and the negligence of a plumbey., who in fitting the pipes for the front room 0’ id not consider it his duty to see if the piper, in the back room were capped or not, The jury censured the tenement house owner, difficult to reconcile vith martial honor or | ‘who might have been a very attentive landlord manly Adelity. { and vot have forgotton ta cap his pines, and