The New York Herald Newspaper, January 31, 1871, Page 3

WASHINGTON. The Chorpenning Swindle Ef- fectually Disposed of. Damaging Record of a Pennsylva- nia Congressman. Radicals Stealing Democratic Thunder. Congressional Welcome to the Exiled Fenians. THE WOMAN SUFFRAGE QUESTION SUTTLED, ¥ WASATNGTON, Jan. 30, 1871. ‘the Chorpenning Fraud—fiow the Thing Worked. What appears to bé#one of the most glaring ftauas ever perpetrated upon Congress was exposed to-day ya the House by Mr. Dawes, of Massachusetts. It has been known as ihe Chorpenning claim, and has already been alluded to in these despatches. To- wards the close of last session Mr. John Cessna, member of Congress from Pennsylvania, offered a joint resolution directing the Postmaster Generali to settle the accounts of Chorpenuing, as mall con- tractor, amounting altogether to $445,000, Cessna seems to have managed the case Jor Chorpenning a8 a sort of attorney. He wrote a report, which he placed in the hands of John Rif, of New Jersey, a member of the Committce on Post Offices and Yost Roads, in favor of the ciaim. 111, supposing 1 to to be all ight, adopted it, though 1t was never reported to the House. It was, however, handed to the Post- master General, who had the Impression that it was @ House report. Mr. Earle, late First Assistant Post- master General and the law partner of Creswell, ; Baers pert its sald be bad a Tinea iMgent fos, bid that hé Tok ad aan of lis former position in the Post OMce Department, as well as his connection with the Postmaster Gene- ral, to manipulate the latter. Cessna, however, was the active man in pushing the claim through Con- gress. Of course there had been & good deal of lob- bying done in advanée by Chorpenning and ls friends, and when the joint resolution came up it passed almost without debate. It was hurried over to the Senate and put trough that body in the same precipitate Mmanuner. It was then carried up to the President, and in one Cay It passed Congress and was approved by the Executive. Several of the members evi- dently did not understand it nor comprehend its importance when it passed. This is one of the many instances where the government is rubbed by the inconsiderate action of Congress. There are numerous claims like this which go through anu @re never discovered, Mr. Dawes seems to have unearthed the matter after Congress adjourned last session, Karly in ihe present session he had a reso- luuon introduced directing the Committee on Appro- priations to investigate the subject, and pending the investigation the Postmaster General was notifed not to settle the alleged account. The investigation proved that Chorpenuing has been patd for his mail Contract two or three times, and thut there was not the slightest jost ground for nis present claim. Hill, of New Jersey, whose name was mixed up with the affair, made an explanation which showed that his action was based entirely on whathe learned from Cessna. Cessna bad not a wor to say about it, The House passed a resolution repealing the former resolution directing the payment of the claim, and through the efforts. of Mr. Dawes the government is saved about half a miliien dollars, This case 1s only equalied by the famous Galplun or Gardiper claim, which was rushed through tue de- partments while Tom Corwin was Secretary of the "Treasury, and which came very near being paid. Woman Suffrage Killed by the House. ‘The House Committee on the Judiciary, in their report against the memorial of Victoria ©. Wood hull, asking the enactment of a law by Congress which shall secure the right to vote with- out regard to sex, say, since the adoption of the fourteenth amendment to the constitution, there is no longer any reason to doubt that all persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein tey reside, for this is the express declaration of the amend- ment, The words, “citizens of the United States and citizens of the States,” as employed by the fourteenth ameodment, do not change or modify the relations of citizens of the States and nation as they existed under the original constitu- tion, It is undoubtedly the right of the people of the several States to so reform their constitu- tions and laws as to secure the equal exer- cise of the right of suffrage at all elec- tions held therein under the constitution of the United States to all citizens without regard to sex, As public opinion creates the constitutions and governments in the several States 11 1s not to be doubted that whenever in any State the people are of opinion that such a form {s admissable 1t will be made, The Exiles of Evin—A Bid for the Irish Vote. General Butler made a did for the Irish vote to- day by having a joint resolutton put through the House expressing sympathy with the exiled Fenians. There has heen a Fenian delegation here for a day or two, composed of Colonel Hantey, Captain McCloud, John F, Scanian, P. W. Dunn and others. On Satur- day they had an interview with the President, and {bey have had several conferences with Buticr, the result of which was the resolution that he introduced to-day. At first the democrats were not disposed to allow Butler to steal their thunder in this way, but he succeeded in bringing the House toa vote, and only twenty-one voted against it—all republicans. The only significance of the resolution 13 that it places the republican party in the attitude of sympa- thizing with the Fenians, The Report of Joseph Commerce, The Secretary of the Treasury has transmitted to the House of Representatives the report of Joseph Nimmo, Jr., Chief of the Division of Tounage. Mr. Nimmo says: Of the total tonnage entered at the ports of Great Britain during the year 1869, sixty-eight per cent was British, three per cent American and twenty- nine per cent from other wee oe countries; and also of the total tonnage entered at the ports of the Unitea States during the year ending June 80, 1870, thirty-six per cent was American, fo1 even per cent British and seventeon Tryp gtber loreign countries. Thus the ritet ed in Britain pgs sisen the ieyce of Great n ES PY Ble elght per ah toMiage has fallen off to avout one naif what it was in 1855, We bBave but thirty-six per cent of the shipping engaged in our own foreiga commerce under our own fag, while England has about seventy per cent of the shipping gaged i her foreign commerce under het lac are graphically stated im charts Nos, & aud % which, the author says, tell the whole story of our commercial downfall and of En; fjana’s commer- cial triumph. It further ‘appears at since 1860 American sh: ping, in our own foreign trade has fallen off one-balf and that British tonnage has in- creased nearly one hundred per cent. ‘The questton, mimo on Euglish therefore, ie sremarks, «in the = upbuild- ing of our merchant marine, is, not how shall we protect our shipping interests against foreign competition, but how shail be pro- tect it. against British competition? The causes of the supersedure of American by British ships in the international commerce of the glove are as fol- jows:—First, England was about ten years ahead of the United states in establishing steam naviga- tion; secondly, the policy of granting subsidies to ocean steam lines has been maintatued by England from the beginning to the present time, and this policy has contributed Sphere to the success of her ocean steam marine; thirdiy, a very important ad- vantage by Great Britain consists In the higher rates of interest which prevail in this country, and consequently the higher rates of profits uired on Investments. A fourth cause of our failure arises frem the difference in tie amount of direct taxation in England and tn the United States, A fifth, and the chief cause at Present of our in- ability to compete with England, consists in the bhp: Gad oer eaane ships tn the United oe portant advantuge possessed by Briush ships consists in the rebate ot aut allowed ‘on importea is used on shipvuard; auda seventh cause of the deciing of American shipping consists NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1871.—TRIPLE SHEET. 1m the direct and persistent opposition of certain foreign lines to American lines of steamers, The foregoing fac’s illustrate the practical work- ings of our relations of maritime reciprocity, They have decided the fate of our Shipping interests In & contest ol equal privileges such as that in which American ships engage by virtue of these relations, ‘The report gives a brief historical sketeh of the establishment of principles of maritime reciprocity between commercial nations, In this policy tho United | States took the lead by the = act 1828, which proposed to of all nations the broadest relations of trade. Bagend adhered to her exclusive maritime policy of Cromwell until the year 1849, — It is clearly de- monstrated that the object of that policy was to meet the common wants of the shipping of all na- Uons In the random trade pursued by sailing ves- sels. The principal part of our ships sought freights in all parts .of the world, and oftentimes were thus engaged abroad for several years, But all this is rapidly changing. Steam vessels are superse ting sailing vessels, and they can be protit- ably employed ouly on regular times between large ports, Thus commerce 18 centermg — at the great marts of trade, and the rap- dom trade formerly pursued’ by sailing ves- sels 18 broken up. Bat as this random trade was the very object which the principies of mart- time policy Were (osigned to promote, it appears that in regard to steam navigation a change of policy is demanded by the totally changed condi- ons of maritime affairs, The practical results of sleain navigation thus fur, under the principles of free shipping ure simply these:—England now en. Joys almost & monopoly of the steam navigation of the world, and her power upon tne ocean 18 as streng as when she overthrew the maritime power of Helland and made herself the commercial mistress of the seas, ‘The most striking fact on this point 1s that In our trade with Europe there a'e Now 183 foreign steamers gnaened, of which 101 are British, and not one wearing the American fag. Liability of Steamship Companies. Letters have been received to-day by the Secretary of the ‘ireasury from the agents of the Liverpool and Great Western Steamship line, the Anchor line and the British North American Mall Steamship Company, stating that they have been notified by the Collector of the port of New York tnat every steamer clearing without a full and entire manifest of the cargo on board will be held liable to a fino of $500; and they submit to the Secretary the entire impracticabiiity of such a clearance without @ delay of at least twelve hours in the departure of steamers after their loading 18 completed, ‘They suggest, also, whether some amepdment of the law or Treasury regula- tions cannot be obtained so that steamer or ship agents should be obliged to make a correct return of the cargo laden on board of any steamer or ship cleared by them witnin forty-eight hours after their departure or be personaily held subject to such fines as ie Pig ary jay determine upon, and Sich shouid be Snforeed. tary Boutwell has the matter under advisement, “~*~ Fees for Certifying Manifeste, Directions have been fssued from the Treasury Department to the effect that fees fr certifying manifests will hereafter be taken only on the original manifests of goods passing from the United States into Canada and back again, the original manifests to be filed at the point of departure. Tne two copies of the one sent to the point of destination, and the other carried by the conductor of the train, though certifiea to, shall not be chargeable with teah, Smuggling at Sin Feancisco and New Or- Jeans. Special Agent McLean, of San Francisco, reports the seizure at that port, on board the Pactflc mail steamer Japan, from Hong Kong, China, of 200 pounds of opium. It was found conccaled in a fresh Water tank in the engineer department. He also reports the seizure of ten pounds of smoking opium on board of the same company’s steamer plying be- tween Panama and San Francisco. The efficers of the Treasury are also in possession of the fact of smuggling by women, who visit parties on board these vessels before their cargoes are discharged and secrete articles about their clothing to bring ashore. Captain Eldridge, agent for the Mne of steamers, dismissed the three assistant engineers of the steamer Japan and the assistant engineer of the Panama steamer, who were suspected of being en- gaged in thus violating the law. The customs officers at New Orleans request that the huik of a vessel be anchored at a suitable point at Southwest Pass, near the entrance of the Missis- sippi river, to be used as @ boarding statton for the oMicers of the district and port of New Orleans, great facilities being offered to smugglers by the distance between the present boarding and the an- chorage groand for ) 39's arriving from foreign 13. ; ‘The Case of the Georgia Senators. ‘The Senate spent most of the day debating the re- port of the Judiciary Com nittee on the admission of the Georgia Senators. The case was hot settled, but there was a test vote on the minorty report, which indicates that Hill and Miller, the conserva- live Senators, will be admitted. The radicals were unsuccessful at every point. Div'sion of Texas. The House Judiciary Committee recently agreed to report a bill for the division of Texas into two judicial districts, the effect of which, if enacted, would be to legislate Judge Duval and che other oficers of the United States Court in tat State out of office, Judge Paschal this morning presented to the committee a lengthy protest agaist this action, and Mr. Eldridge entered a motion to reconsider the vote of the committee by which they agreed to re- port the bill. The same cemmittee also this morning voted to report adversely on the bill introduced by Mr, Loughridge giving additional representation to certain States in the forty-third Congress. The Test Oatl The sub-committee of the Committee on Recon- ‘raction, consisting of Messrs. Porter, Upson and Morgan, at their meeting to-day unanimously agreed to report to the committee in favor of the Senate bill repeaiing the test oath. A Noted Japanese Financier on His Travels. {to, of the nobility of Japan, with a large number of attendants, arrived here to-night from California, Ito is a distinguished Japanese scholar, who has devoted especial study to the subject of finance, He comes here to look into the financial system of our government, and will remain for some time. The party was very much wearted with their trip, and retused to see visitors to-night. Colonel Forney’s Farewell Banquet. Colonel Forney gave a farewell party at his rooms to-night to the representatives of the press. Among those present as invited guests were Secretary Bout- well, Senator Summer, Speaker Blaine, General Horace Porter and @ large number of Senators and members. ‘ollection of Marine Honpital Dues. The Secretary of the Treasury has issued a cir- cular to collectors of customs, surveyors, or other oMcers acting a3 collectors, directing that they will be especially careful that the hospital dues are pald before entry of vessel 1s permitted and before re- newal of enrolment license 1s granted, The moneys secollected will, at ports where there 1s an assistant treasurer or designated dopository, be deposited datly to, the credit of the Treasurer of the United States dn account of the Marine Hospital fund. Consolidation of Internal Reveune Dixtricts. Commisslouer Pieasouton to-day had an interview with the President in regard to the consolidation of the reyenug distrigrs In New YX rk, oklyn, Phila. deiphta ia biked si 38 = ware Ttoutd be impossible tn the time designated to carry out the original order, He said those who have been designated as collectors of the new districis have not had time to file their bonds and thetr appoint- ments have noi been acted upon by the Senate. For these reasons it was theught better to defer the time for the order te ge into effect, and the President will to-morrow issue an executive order delaying the proposed consolidation uutil the 28th day of Febru- ary. Secretary Delano’ First Reception. The first card reception of Secretary and Mrs. Delauo took place this evening. It was one of the most briiliant of the season. Among the large num- ber of visitors present Were the President and Vice Prestdent, Judges of the United States Supreme Court, Cabinet oflicers, foreign Ministers and Senators and Representatives of Congress. Confederation with ad Vincent Colyer received @ despatch to-day from Victoria stating that the Legislature of British Columbia has accepted the proposals for confedera- on with Canada, Government Buildings in St. Lonis. The Supervising Architect of the Treasury Depart ment has returned from St, Louis, where he went for the purpose of examining the pro osed site for the new Custom House and Post OMice buildings in that city. At the last session of Congress the Secretary of the Treasury was authorized to accept a suitable lot for the site of a new government building, waich it ‘was proposed should be in design not inferior to the one now under construction in Boston, Nothing de- finite was accomplished by Mr. Mullett, and tne selection of the site is still an open question, Report on the West Point Troubles. Congressmen Slocam, Asper and Packard, thesud- committee of the House Committee on Military Affairs, have returned from West Point, whither they went to investigate the cause of the troubles which led to the expulsion of Cadets Baird, Barnes and Vilckin- ger, and will submit taelr report to the Military Com- mittee without delay, Executive Nominations, The following nominations were sent to the Senate to-day:— James R. Brigham, Appraiser of Merchandise, Milwaukee, Wis.; Andrew L. Robinson, Appraiser of Merchandise, Evansville, Ind.; Charles B. Ber- nard, Appraiser of Merchandise, Cleveland, Ohio; Louts Weitzel, Assessor of Internal Revenue, First district of Ohio—the consolidated First and Second districts, Yerba Buena Island. The Heuse Judiciary Commitee this morning agreed to report a resolation directing the Attorney General to institute a suit in the United States Circuit Court for California against all the claimants to Yerba Buena or Goat Island, to test the validity of the governmenvs title to that property, and if necessary to carry the case to the Supreme Court. Approval of a Resolution. The President to-day signed the Joint resolution declaratory of the meaning of the act entitled “An act to reduce internal taxes and for other purposes,” approved July 14, 1870, declaratory of the tari. This resolution relates to the arrival of foreign mer- chandise at a United Staves port on the last day of the year, too late to bond, which is declared entitled to the benefits of the twenty-sixth section of the above-mentioned act. Not a National Holiday. The Senate Military Committee agreed to report adversely on the bill making the 3ist of May, or ecoration Day,” a nattonal holiday, THE INDIAN TERRITORY. Message of President Grant on the Confed- eration of the Indian Tribes—Amendments to the Okmulgee Constitution Recom- mended. WAsntngron, Jan. 30, 1871. ‘The President sent to Congress tu-day the follow- ing message:- To THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTA- TIves—I transmit herewith an official copy of the preceedinns Of the vow ou of {diag tribes heid at kmulgee, in esate oy ry which restiteg in the adoption of a declaration df rights and a cofstitu- tion for their government, togéther with a copy of the report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs and te views of the Secretary of the Interior thereon, it would seem highly desirable that ribet Indians of the country should bg end In @3+ tablishing for themselves », {, of territorial gov- ernment compativls with the constitution of the United Stuies, Ad with the previons custom to- Yard Cémmunities lying outside of the State limits, I concur tn the views expressed by the Secretary of the Interlor, that it would not be advisable to re- ceive the new Territory with the consutution as tt is now framed. So long as a territorial form of gov- ernment is preserved Congress should hold the power of approving or disapproving of all legisia- tive action of the Territory; and the Executive should, “with the advice and consent of tke Senate,” have the power to appoint the Governor and judicial oficers and possibly some others of the Territory. ‘This 18 the first indication of the aborigines desir- ing to adopt our form of government, and it 1s highly desirable that they become seif-sustaming, self-relying, Christianized aud civilized. If success- ful in this, their first, attempt at Territorial govern- ment, we may hope fora gradual concentration oF other Indians in the new Territory, I therefore recommend as close an adherence to their wishes as is consistent with safety, It might be well to jimit the appointment of all territorial oficers appointed hy the Executive to native citizens of the Territery. If any exception 1s made to this rule I would recom- mend that it should be limited to the judiclary, It is confidently hoped that the pelicy now being pur- sued toward the Indian wuil fit hin for self-govern- ment and make him desire to settle among people of his own race, where he can enjoy the full privilege of civil aud enlightened government. 8. GRANT. EXECUTIVE MANSION, Jan, 30, 18’ MEXICO. CANVASS.NG FOR THE NEXT PRESIDENCY Americans Oppressed by Local Authorities. Indemnity to the United States for Arms Stolen by Mexicaiis. FAVORABLE REPORTS FROM TLEUANTEP Crry OF Mextco, Jan. 26,) Vis HAVANA, Jan, 30, 1871. f Lerdo de Tejada has resigned. No successor has as yet been appointed, but it is believed that M. Romero will be catled upon to fill the vacancy. Manuel Payno will assume the Secretaryship of the Treasury. The prospects of the re-election of President Juarez are flattering. The intelligent and wealthy favor Lerdo de Tejada. The war in the State of Guerrero continues, and is turning unfavorable to the government, The Americans throughout the country complain of the oppression of the local authorities. The Mexicans are excited over the so-called aggressions of the Lower California Company. The Tehuantepec expedition 1s progressing favor- ably. The engineers report a suflicient quantity of water on the summt of the route for canalling pur- poses, Rich placers have been discovered in Guerrero and Chihuahua, President Juarez has recognized several of Lerdo’s appointments, but has retained Escobedo, a Lerdist. The command of the federal army at San Luis Potosi has been placed im the nauds of General Rocha, a Juarist. Joaquin Barrand, a Lerdist, has been elected Governor of Yucatan. General’ Negrete makes intiammatory election speeches, The celebrated General Aurelino opened a drinking saloon in the capital. Aconducta of two millions leaves the capital on the 30th, Rumors are current that the Juarists have offered Diaz the Ministry of War;- that Mariscal has been recalled, and that Seior Estanislas Caneuo has been ny ointed to succeed him as Minister to Washing- ton. The Cabinet has uncer discussion the Zona Libre question, A most valuable concession has been granted to the Anton Lizardo Ratlroad project, of which Gea- eral Rosecrans is the head, ae eeranant has paid Minister Neison the full amount demanded by the United States government for arms stolen {yom tem and sold to the authort- tes of Matamoros. * Later.—Lerdo de Tezada, after resigning his po- sition in the Ministry, has again assumed the posi- Rivera has tion of Chief Jastice of the Supreme Court. CUBA. Apperrance of a Suspicious Ste dad. HAVANA, Jan. 30, 1871, A suspicions two-masted steamer appeared off Trinidad on the morning of the 25th. There are no Spanish war vessels now in port, and, consequently, the matter cannot be investigated, amer off Trini- THE JERSEY RAILRIAD WAR, The fight between the Camden and Amboy mo- nopoly and the National lihe was resumed last even- ing in the New Jersey Legislature, at Trenton, A bill was introduced last week on behalf of the mo- nopoly to repeal the ninth section of the Hamilton Land Improvement Company; in other words, to take away the mght of butla seven miles of Yatiroad—a necessary link of the Nationai Line, The question as to tne power of the Legislature to re- peal this section was referred to the Attorney Gen- eral for his opinion, Last evening & motion was offered im the Senate to take the question out of the hands of the Attorney General, and it was carried bya voleoftiton The Agutis becoming warm, EUROPE AND THE EAST. The Roumanian Question Looming Up Before Turkey. Prince Charles’ Movement for a Concentration of Power, A New and Important Phase of tie Kastern Question. Prussia and the Hohenzollerns and a Prospective Throne, The Danubian Principalities, Their Governm:nt and Resources. PRINCE CHARLES AND HIS CAREER, TELEGRAMS TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. ~~ Lonpon, Jan. 80, 1871, Thasten to forward to the HERALD by cable de- spatch the announcement of the important fact that @ letter from Prince Chailes of Roumantia ts pub- ished, hinting at his approaching resignation on account of “the too great liberty allo wed the people by the constitution,”? ‘The Rastern Question in a Now Shape. ‘The inteiligence which Is conveyed in our cable telegram, published above, 13 of very high interest in the present aspect of European aifuirs, 1t pre- sents a point for the revival of the Eastern question in a new shape tending towards complications which may produce results of a character almost a3 serious as those which preceded and resulted from the Crimean war; Prussia, however, taking the lead in infuencing, if not directumg, the move- ent in the present instance, Some of the great ee of Europe find it dificult to belleve, even at this moment, that the latest proceedings of tie Row- manlan governmagnt jywards Turkey fave not been undertaken {n obedience to Prassian Vabinet sug- gestion, ‘he principality of Roumania, fostered and estab- lished by the treaty-signing Powers of 1854, tmitates Russia to a certain extent, and ts about to repudiate the very instrument which gave her being. Itis a suggestive fact that her ruler, Prince Chartes, is a cadet of the reigning house of Prussia and brother of Prince Leopold, of Hohenzollern, whose nomina- tion to the crown of Spain gave origin to the war between France and Prussia, PROVINCIAL POLITICS AND EASTERN AGITATION. During the greater portion of the year 1870, almost to its clese, the Christian provinces of Turkey, the Danubian Principalities, and even Greece, remained in a state of agitation in consequence of Princes Gort- chakoft’s circulars on the Eastern and Black Sea navigation questions. Their peoples appeared to Jong for an opportunity to carry tnto execution plans more or less hostile to the integrity of Turkey, and threatening to the peace of Austria and of Europe, In Greece the fermentation had the abortive effect of a Ministerial crisis. In Servia, Laka Vukalovich, a South Slavonian caricature of Garibaldi, Issued and distributed proclamations tn which he paro- died his Italtan prototype. The Bulgarians demon- strated mach the proposed Ecumenical Council of the OriensahChurch, and seemed 0 be contemplat- ing the accomplishment of their emancipation from ne Greek Episcopate. The Montenegrins appeared ® be impatient for a signal from St. Petersburg. Roumania was, as she is to-day, discontentea with her restricted executive existence. and complaiued of treaties which placed the United Principalities in @ position rnore advantageous to their futerests, and superior to that witch they occupied in former years. Although urging upon the attention of the Totecting Powers his grievances, a first memo- randum of Prince Char.es specified neither any de ‘nite deserde nor any distinct propositions, Jn certain quarters it was looked upon as the pre- cursor to a diplematic interlude, rearranged with a view to attract atiention to the Roumanian ques- tion at a moment when a Congress of the great Powers was about to assemble, But what Roumania aims at was read, between the lines as it were, by many of the statesmen of the O)d World. Roumania evidently wauts such a reversion of her present “equivocal position’ as will assure her complete iudependenee and liberate her from the ties which render her tributary to the Porte. By the Treaty of Paris the Principalities were released. from the onerous protectorate of Russia; they re- ceived an increase of te.ritory at the mouths of the Danube at Russta’s expense, With the possession of one of its most important arms, the Suiin: Besiaes this, provisions were made which ren- dered possible the subsequent union and the investiture of a hereditary prince under favorable conditions. Tis may suggested or matured A resolution to submit the treaties relating to Moldo- Wailachia to the reconsideration of the Great Powers, for the purpose of having them sanctioned anew, atthe time when Russia attempted a breach in tne treaty of Paris. The independence ,of Roumania would affect the interests of Europe, and especialiy those of Austria and iungary, on account of their contiguity, even more seriously than the abrogation of the BL Sea treaty. What was conceded to Reamania could not be deuted to Servia, not to mention Bulgaria, Mon. tencgro and other similarly situated countrie: Ausiria tn particular has a most vital interest that Roumania should be consoildated, and should im- preve its thriving condition within the |.mits as- signed Lo it py the treaty of 1856. PRINCE CHARLES’ OBJECT. It is credited very generally abroad that the politi- cal movement which is now in progress In the J nubian Principalities, if Pringe Charles is a party to it, has no other purpose than the creation of embar- rassments for Burope. The relation of the Priuci- palities to the Suzeraiu in Constantineple is such that they have long since possesved a practical inde- pendence, Prince Charles keeps the throne because all sets of politicians respect Prussia, and most of them remember with gratitude the arguments in favor of the exercise of a complete citizen franchise which were employed to promote lis electivu to a power almost regul iu its authority, IN BUCHAREST, Political agitation prevails here also, but it is alieged that the ferment has been manulac- tured by Prussian and Russian agents, and again alleged that ‘the goveroment of Bucharest, of whatever nien it may be composed, is always uvatla- ble for disturbing purposes when Russia or Prussta desire it, and is always ready enough of itself to create a disturbance In the East.’ its action is carefully watched by (he Ausrro- Hungarian statesinen, who have much to fear from 11, aod who appear to know that it is employed agaiust them by Prussia and by Russia. ‘They will appreciate the present position of the Roumaulan goverament tn Vienna. = Roumania-I's Soil and P,oduction. At a moment whgp the world 3 Ureatened wity a fouthaniail or new Bastetn question agiiaflon 4 glance at the country which promises to again attract a share of public attention may be useful, A humorous and observant tourist once sald, ir, if Mr. Malthus had travelled with his eyes open he would not baye concernea himself about the increase of population, The best parts of the world are uot peopled, and the richest countries are left to waste.”? Roumania, more familiar to the ear of the public by the name of the Danubian Principaiities, presents an illustration of the truth of this remark. There we have nearly 50,000 square miles of well watered ana exceptionally fertiig territory, with 5,000,000 iu- habitants Rees of Waitachla is not pleasant for continual residence, because the heat In summer is almost tropleal and the cold of winter ig seul. Arctic ; but the productiveness of the soil Is wonder- ful. Crrn, maize, fax and tobacco are grown tn abundance, with little toil, The magnificent and extensive pastures sustain an immense number of horses, cattle and sheep. ‘The mineral resources of the country are by no means thconsiderabie, but a3 yet they are not developed. ‘The geographical situation of Roumania ts highly advantageous for commerce, and also gives her po- litical Importance. The condition of the people is materially aud moraily wretcned. At the date of the latest returns at band there were about 6,000 churches. In Moldavia there were 4,000 regular, besides sec- ular, priests. Jn Watlactia the number of priests Was greater, the number of deacons was 10,000, and about the same number of monks and nuns. Yet the people are sunk into the Jowest depths of igno- Trance. Besides 6,000 boyars there is a host of inferior nobles In Wailackta, one out of thirty persoms chal ing nobility, The Straggle for Power the Easi—The Czare, Bismarck and Napoleon the Third. In the early years of the present ceutury Russia intrigued for influence in the Danublan Principali- ties. In 1802 she extorted some valuable conces- sions from the Porte, In 1822 Ruseia obliged Turkey to choose the hosvodars trom the natives. avd im 1827 to consent to the hospodars holding thetr oMee for life. The motive of Russia was evident. The Principalities are so placed that If held by a great Power they would be a menace to the rest of the Turkish empire to Europe. At the outbreak of the Crimean war Ru @ movement to occupy the Urincipalittes, anticipated by Austria. Count Bismarck is reported to have said to an Anstrian statesman, we had the Danube we should care less for Supremacy on the Rhine." By the Treaty of 1855 and the Convention of 1858 the Danubian Pritt 8 were united ander one hospodar, but there wi two Ministers and two + Such an injurious arrangement could ing, and in isdl the Sultan permitted a legislative and administrauve union during the life of Prince Couza, Couza Was at one period exceeding popular. fe Was brave, intelligent and successfal. He was sup- posed to be mainly supported by Napoleon 1l., and he managed to Concillate the Porte. There are many stories told about hls failings, but they would not account for his deposition in 1866, Couza's pri- | vate characterfwas not, it was sald, the reason of his downfall. His treasury was empty, the boyars a made at was were dissausiied, and so there came’ a bloodless | revolution, Prussian “Appaarance” and a MHoseazolie Prince Couza revurned to Parts and Prince © 3 Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen appeared upon te scene, The Prussian Prince enteret upou Lis goy- ernment with the ease that a man eniers upon au estate which he bas bought, His Royal Highne. Was not yet Known beyond the centre of bis family. He was @ total stranger m the Principalittes, Couza departed and the young scion of tue hou Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was substituted as ruler. Prince Cuaries Hohenzolera-Sgmaringen 13 the son of the richest man in Europe, and he was sald to have bought the demi-throne of Roumanta. Ac- cording to a rumor, which may be false, even Prince Couza Was pad to give up possession quietly. Prince Charles has been indefatigable 1a Improv: cost him a large sum ef raditions of his house, his been for army, Which creased, disciplined aud thoroughly well equipped, The command of the troops Was offered to the American General Beanregard. | Prince Charles has purified the administration of | justice, he has restored the power of the priesthood, he has taught the boyars a lesson in obedience, and he has made railways. At first the Porte treated | him with coldness, bat, besides obtaining personal recognition, the Sultan consented to the hospoda ship betng hereditary, In fact, except in the pay- ment of an annual tribute to the Porte, Roumania ts virtually, though not nominally, independent, THE EUROPEAN CONGRESS. What $45p fe Turkey May Demand of the Assembled Beiegates. TELEGRAM 10 THE NEW YORK HERALD. London, Jan. 30, 187), Tam enabled to report by cable telegram to-day the fact that a despatch from Constantinople to the Londen Times says “‘the Porte insists that the Lon- don Conference shall restore to Turkey full control of the Dardanelies and Bosphorus, and refuses to consent to any new International sttpulation lumtt- ing the navigation of those straits.” UNITED GERMANY. Parliamentary Summons and Wa- | tional Legislative Assemb ages. The Imperial Budget---Income and Expenditures. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. BERLIN, Jan. 30, 1871. The approaching legislative assemblages of North Germany—the Federal Council of the empire and the German Parliament—give rise to much anxious commeut and very interesting debate in political | i circles, lam enabled to announce the fact thata decree | has been issued which convokes tae Federal Council of the empire on the 20th of February. The Gerinan Parhament meets on the oth of March. LEGISLATIVE WORK. The debates which will occur m each of the Ger- man legisiatures—the Federal Council and Prussian Parliament—will be of the most 1mportant charac- ter, giving rise to discussions on the war with France, 1t3 cost ana consequences, * The greatest amount of interest will be centred, however, in the budget exhibit of the North Ger- man Confederation, We present the gross details of tis financial exhibit in advance to-day. The Prussian war clarges (actual) are not, of coarse, inciuded, as they have not been spoken of, even by | approximate esiimate, in oficial circles im Berlin. ‘The following are the principal items of the vu getof the North German Coufec Jacome and expenditure stated at ‘The current expeuses are thus given:—The Confed- ‘ate Chanceiry, 274,450 thaters; the Reichstag, 20,563 thalers; the foreign Ministry, 885,630 thalers; 5) thalers; the ‘military admin- aval administration, ers; interest on the national debt of eration, 612,009 thalers; the bureau of , 63,000 Unalers and the Confederate Com- Inercial Court, 58,600 thalers. ‘The extraordinary expenses amount to 4,724,426 thalers, the greater part of Wich (4,408,46) thaiers) is for the navy and for coast defences. The sonrces Of revenue are as follows:— Customs and excise, 48,574,500 thacer: inp duty, 89,600; from the postal administration, 2,400,715; from the telegraphic administration, 5%, various other sources, 134,288, and the Confederate loan for 1971, | 2,020,924 thalers, Twenty-three millions, three hundred and sixty thousand and thirty-eight thalers remain to be cov- ered by the tax levy conrtibutions of the differeut German States outside of Prussia, the amounts betng assessed and levied in accordance with the Provisions of the Treaty of Confederation. SPAIN. The Colonial Government—A New Gevernor. Mapnip, Jan. #0, 1 Genera! Ysquierdo has been appointed Governor Of the Philliptue Islands. THE TEAW. Once more we are thrown igtg the indescribable | horrors of a thaw—that worse thau Egyptian plagt which annually plunges us into the prdfougiest depths of misery human nature ts capable of bear: | ing. We have indeed good reason, through every season of the year, to boast of our wonderful cil- yuate, if these unlucky spells of misplagéd len- fency, that mar thé wholesome rigor of winter, be excepted. Our spring Is intoxicating, our | summer splendid, our fall golden with all that can | possibly inake up autumnal glory and our winter so | Joug as it adheres to its normal crispiness aud keeps in its proper piace below the tlurties upon the ther- mometer, But now aad then, when impelied by | some maudlin fit of tenderness, the frost king abui- cates his throne and allows the mercury to stagger | up the tube; then, indeed, we have reason to be | sileut and cast down, and own up disconsolately that there are drawbacks even in American weather, | Yesterday afternoon the thaw vegan suddenly, the | thermometer rose, and the enormous heaps of snow | in the gutters commenced to melt as tue lot rays of | the sun fell upon them, The slush aud almost | liquid snow Was terrible, Genilemen rants uy y, Sut. 8 COLLI:ION AT SEA. Steamship Kensington and the Bark Templar Collide and Sink. | BOTH VESSELS TOTALLY WRECKED. The Crew and Passengers of the Kensington Saved. THOSE OF THE TEMPLAR ALL LOST, CHARLESTON, 8. C., Jan, 80, 1871, Yue steamship Kensington, Captain 3. H. Ma- | thews, left Savannah January 26, for Boston, with a | full cargo consisupg of cotton, rice, lumber and | hides. Ou Friday evening, the 27th, at half-past j Seven oO} k, .wheo sixty miles north-norcheast | frou Cape Hatteras, the Kensington was rum into by the bark Temptar, from Balitmore for Puo Janetro, | Tecelving the full force of the bark on the port side Just aft the midships. ‘The steamshtp was cut down below the water line, fliled raptly, and weat down in about twenty minu ‘The passengers and crew of the Kensington, and one seaman belonging to tho bark, Who jumped from the jibboom of the bark on board the steamship when the vessels came toge- ther, had barely time to get in the boats and clear the wreck before the vessel wentdown, The boats Were steered 1m the direction of the bark where last seen, but nothing could be seen of it, and the suppo- sition Was that that vessel haa gone down also, The boats were then headed west for tae land, which wast thought to be the North Carolina coast, distant about thirty miles. The wind at the time of starting was | north, blowing a good breeze, and the sea not very rough, After being in the boats filteen hours the steamship Georgia picked up the crew, all of whom were suved, ‘The Templar ts supposed to have gone down also, as she Was sinking when one of her crew | Jumped from the bowsprit to the deck of tha steamer, After taklag to the boats, large quantities Of spars, rigging, &c., were passed not belonging to | the Kensington, he following ts a list of the passengers and crew picked up by the Georgia:— Passengers—Jonn Nolan, A.D. Robinson, I. H. Lewis, M. Reliey, Mrs. Reiley and child, Miss L. Sules, W. Marshall, M. O'Brian, S. Winslow, A. L. Brown, W. R. Williams, J. C. Land, Charles Buffum, M. Ryan, Mrs. A. L. Brown and two children, Crew—Captatn 8. 4. Mathews, 3. Sampson, purser; Joseph Baker, first oMeer; A. Lewis, second officer; Thomas Kelly, James Percey, Joseph Percey, Daniel Kennedy, Alexander Cavanagh, Edward Jackman, Rovert G. Delano. Seamen—Mark Thornton, engineer; Hugh McAffee, H. C. Thornton, second assistant; | first assistan | Allen McKenzie, James Ray, John Edwards, oilers; | Henry Kelly, James Kane, James Daiton, John John- sou, Pat Bryau, Owen Donohoe, firemen; Denms Dolan, Charles Beers, Thomas Levnara, coat pass- ers; George Jackson, steward: P ter Singer, cook; Louis Deularat, second cook; Jonn Hallisey, mess- man; Kate Anderson, stewardess, ‘The Geergia cruise’ about m the victnity for soma | time, hoping to pick up the crew of the bark, but nothing of them was seen. The Kenstngton was an oak built vessel of 1,000 tons register, and traded between Savannah and Boston. She was built in Pbiladetpnta in 1858, and owned in Boston by the Merchants’ Steamship Com. pa. Giller cargo consisted of 1,414 bales cotton, 29 tierces Tice, 499 hides and 14,000 feet 1umbe | CAUGHT AT ne Remarkable Career of Crime-Immanity from JusticoForgery and Swindliag—Van Ectew’s Partner Arcested. Derrort, Jan, 30, 1871. ‘The notorious forger and bank swindler, knowa | at different times and in different places by tho | names of Charies V ries Brockaway, | Charles Seyme - Waterman, Johu | Pike, &e., was arres week in this and detective city by Chief of Police FE em | Bishop. Tluis morntag he was placed on board the tratn bound for New York, in custody of detectives Tilly and Kelso, of that city, wh je 13 wanted to answer for the commission of some of hia peculiar crimes. This man, whatever may be his real name— and the detectives seem to know 1t—was the partuer of Louts M, a Heteo, who was arrested in Ni | Orleans a short time ago, a arrived in York in charge of detective Simpson, who, accord- ing to report, had to exercise considcrable strategy to evade the Service of writs of habeas corpus While | golng North ‘This ma slates in erime have been en: years in systematic swindling operations, and there are reasons to believe they have defrauded more than fifty bauks In dierent part of sums ranging from $25,000 to $7. was to purchase United states certificates of deposit aud bank checks, certified or not, then alter the numbers and amounis, and cotlect the money, The prisoner was known here as Wiliiatn C. Wacerman, and Was arrested for robbing the Bank of North Americ; York, of $1 a. AN ILLINO'S TR'GED/. Murder and Attempted Robbery—Qaick and Terrible Retribuilon—Three Murderers Killed. “at heir plan | CHICAGO, Jan. 39, 1871, | me Jollowing are the particulars, as far as can be | obtatned, of the recent bloody tragedy perpetrated | at Rock Grove, Winnebago county, Il.:—A farmer | (mame not given), residing between Spring Grove | and Rock Grove, recently sold his farm and received: | the money last Tuesday. On Wednesday nignt he | left his home and went to Rock Run. Returning from there, and as he neared his home, he was con- fronted by a man, who demanded his money. The farmer drew @ revolver and shot the robber dead. Starting for his house he encountered two other men, each of whom he despatched with his revolver. On entering the house he found his wife and daughter weitering in thetr blood, the latter being dead, and his wife, though badly hurt, was not dead. When last heard froin ove of the dead men was recognized as the stranger who had recen' attempted to purchase the farm from the farmer. ‘Tuls story seems to be improbable, but the detalig wee Lg several diferent sources and are nearly dentical. EUROPEAN MARKETS, ee ee ea Lowen MONEY WAGEEECEGNESE, Jam, 004) P. M. mae: 254 @ 9214 for money and the account. Ameri- can securities quiet; Fivetwenty bonds, 1362, W , W's; 1887, 8914; ten-forties, 893). Americat quiet and steady—Erie, 1849; Ihnols Central, 110; Atlantic'aud Great Western, 2534. LiverrooL Corton Ma’ 4:30 P. M.—The oficial que middling uplan nd Big d., for middiing Orles prices are actually a shade lowe! les of cotton hw made on ships pamed, loading at Savant at8d. a 86d, for midding upland: bipments from Bombay since last report to Jannary 27, 13,000 bales. c were made to-day of middling Moblies loading on ship named A atS',d.; aud already at sea Crom that port at 8d. LIVERPOOL BREADSTUFFS MARK LS Bu ET.-Liverroor, Jan. 39— een and Charleston —Livexroor, Jan. Breadstufl's firmer. Wheat—Calif eaern, No. 2to No. 1, Ws, 9d. a 1 Corn '—No. 2 mixed new, ub. Bil, LIVERPOOL PROVISIONS MARKE! 80—4:80 P. M.—Pork firmer at 95s.; bacon, 4 giant cut and 51s. for short ri’ midd expressibies, and ladies who walked dainti Beat & good deal from the mucky state ef tha Lrvenroon Propuor MARKFT.—LIVER streets Youpg enthusiasts, who bad set out | Noon.—Vroduee quiet anJ unchaigel. Tarps ys orning With the expectation of a) “Ff, e A Sih a 20 ene tin “ine sleigos, went | pag hen ora gs oa ag ag gn om ee home crestfailen with the sudden chinge in the | weather. A countryman who sat in oue of those unhappily extemporized cutters ‘yi prenin ou Broadway was inade a good deal of fun of, as e¥ery vehicle that passed him ran 6n wheels. There was no snow for him vo glide bome on, and several pass ers by gv@d naturedly recommended him to e ‘Rosenante and carry the vehicle | on his back. But he didn’t see it He | thougnt he could manage ft, and probably he | did In gome way or another. The snow which had been thrown up [rom We car tracks on both sides of the streets and shovelled off the sidewalks made @ higd hill on born sides of some of the thorengh- fares aud gave ® regular gala day to the gamins, who jumped, tumbled and rolled about 1a the dithy mire‘in @ most frolicsome aud lively manner. In Nassau sivect the hoses were scarceiy, able te drag the wagons through the clodded slush, and many blocks occurred during the day. Going along the street one was constantly threat ened with icicles tumbitng of the houses. Large gangs of men were employed tn brosaway and all the principal avenues carting away the snow from | an early hour in the morning. Tie liorse cars, thanks to the thaw, however, were no jonger obliged to have tour horses, but couid get along decently with two. An inflated youth sweeping a crossing was asked if he had ‘turned scavenger, indignantly replied, “he was scouring ile face of his native land.’ ‘that was ab ut the only bon mot current, however. and every one else was thoroughly niserabac, the spot, trmer at 35s. 6. arrive, Sis. see, 58m, As Hiageed ol 8 a Ld rROLFUM MARKET.-ANTWLUP, Jan, closed tirmer at B4f, THE CITY OF MYSTE Jersey City has another myster’ A woman named Susan Murtha died on Sunday, at the corner of Jersey avenue aud Grand street, under suspicious circumstances, and Coroner Burns deems it neces- sary to hold an inquest. Her vody presents bruises and otter marks of violence, which some say were caused by her falling ou the pavement outside a liquor store, and others state that she recetved these injuries at the hands of a person whose name {s withneld ior tue ends of justice. KINGS COUSTY POLITICS. ‘The democratic organization known as the James O'Brien Club of the Sixth ward of Brooklyn, after a rather spirited and wart discussion last evening, dissolved, and tmmedtately reorganized under the name of the Hugh McLaughlin Association. The foliowing named gentlemen were elected oficers for the onsuing year:—General A, F. Devereux, Presi- dent; Major P. K. Horgan, First Vice President; J. M. Short, Second Vice President; J. MeDonough, ‘Treasurer; Colonel J. W. Byron, Correspon@iug Sec- ~etary; J. MoCormack, Recording Secretary.