The New York Herald Newspaper, January 30, 1871, Page 6

THE CRISIS IN PARIS, Who Will Rule France After the Fall of the Capital ? Herald Special History of the Capitulation. The Causes Which Induced It and Its Probable Consequences. Wapoleon’s Insult to King William at Ems and the French War Cry of ‘As at Jena, and on to Bertin.” The Prussian Reply as Tt Was Re- Echoed to Paris. Retrospect of the Military Operations from “the Baptism of Fire” at Saarbruck. Who Wil) Come Next—Prussian Soldiers, a Constituent Assembly, a Restoration of Eugenie and Her Son, or a Re- turn of the Bourbons. Titles, Claims terests. What wonla come after Paris?” Such was the qeestion which prevailed in the world of fashion, of art, of literature and song, and among the dilet. tanti of the North, the East and the far West, since ‘the day when the French capital appeared in its resurrected beauty after Waterloo and the military @esecrations of the allied occupation of 1815. The same query presents itself this morning, and ina etl more pressing, urgent shape, for reply. In the first instance it was asked, to a very considerable extent, by sympathizing peoples whose sensibilities Were so acute in their friendliness for France that they were moved to interpret every necessary act of ‘the military power executed In the French capital as one of absolute vandalism. At this moment it has to to be replied to by a world which beholds a grand ¢entre of industrial economy, a brilliant fountain of enlightenment and a solid focus of deposit for royal power, and the rule of legitimate authority in Eu- Tepe disrupted, despolled, and on the potnt of being “stamped ont” by one united and gigantic war- making nation; by Prussia, followed, whether cor- @iaily or unwillingly matters not, by the remainder of Germany in arms. It is, indeed, the question of the day. It affects @ynasties and dynastic settlements, the peoples, ‘heir commerce and future form of. government. Democracy and aristocracy, royalty and right are 4m the balance, and William, Emperor of Germany, holas in his hand a flaming sword—piood rea ‘With victorj—which he stands ready to throw in the seale, somewhat alter the fashion of Brenaus, the Gan), and so bring history to a s still, create a Bew era Of date for posterity, and vindicate the doc- trine of the savans of ethnology, who assert that the Teuton ts really the indestructible element of hu- Dynastic In- Manity and that the Celtic Ca ian has had nis day and beholds the “giory departed from his Rouse.” A BERALD SPECIAL RETROSPRCY AS IT WAS AND MAY LE IN FR. NCE. The HERALD bas specially reported the current history of the war between Prassia and Prance in a weries of Je telegrams since the very moment of ite first inception—on the oth of July, 1870—when Prince Leopold of Hohenzoliern accepted the crown of Spain, to the 1ith of the same month, when te King of Prussia refused to receive M. Benedetti, Napoleon’s Minister, at Ems; thence to ‘the promulgation of the declaration of hostilities on ‘the 15th of the same month—next day—by the Em- peror of France, and on to Saarbruck, and the “bap- ‘tism” of young Louis by fre, and to Sedan, and the surrender of the sword of the coup d'état and of Char- Jemagne, and to Wilhelmshdhe and the captivity, and to Eugénie and the Prince Imperial in exile at Ohiselhurst, down to yesterday, when we announced to the startled, yet not surprised, people of tne American Continent the confirmation of our first mews that Paris had capitulated to the Germans; Mhat republican France may secure peace by the cession of the province of Alsace ana that part f the province of Lorraine known as German Lorraine; py the payment to the conqueror of @ money indemnity of one thousand millions of francs; by the surrender to him of forty war ships from the French fleet, and by the transfer of one of the colonies now hela by France to the North Ger- man Confederation. This present point of the miltary Anale of the war between France and Prussia, the capitulation of Paris, was, as we have said, startling. It could not have been, it was not, uuexpected. Europe had engaged berself during some few weeks past in pre- paring the minds of the different populations for te Teception of the intelligence. ‘The assemblage of the London Conference, called estensibly sor a consideration of the subject of the Pevision of the treaty of Paris of 1856 and the Black Sea navigation question, constituted # legitimate ‘tribunal, set the precedent of the meeting of a recog- mized council which could, and may, consider and treat a settlement of the sequences of the great struggie on the Continent. M. Jules Favre dispiayed the fag of France, asking for @ constitutional definition of the crisis at the hande of the monary settling the question— which the Emperor of Germany avoided, as being one for the council room, in such a strictly rigid manner— What will be the issue of this terrible Bict; will you consent to bapiize tie French demo- ‘eracy, or will you proclaim your faich in the infailt Diity of divine right and resiore the throne of the Bonapartes, take back the Empress Eugenie und her son, protect a Paris regency, recall the Bour- bons, and say to tue tollers Who sapport you, “ e @ king always a king,” and you must put with 17 THE PRUSSIANS INEXORABLE AGAINST PARIS. At the same moment both the sovereigns and their subjects beheld the Emperor of Germany push- ing on the war to the very direst extremity against Paris, Hw Majesty did wot conceal his determination to @ubject the capital of France to his triumphant arms. GERMANY IN THE PALACE OF VERS ALLLES. On New Year's day jast, 1 King William held | Bis royal levee in the Hall of Mirrors of the ancient palace of Versaiiies, Standing in the midst of his @Moers he vev)ied to thelr words of fealty and con- gratulavion ae follows: — ‘The great evewts which must have preceded our EMPPKOR OF reais UPA bo ee Be ee ee a NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JANUARY 30, 1871—WITH SUPPLEMENT. celebration of smch a day in such a place are due to your heroism and perseverance, and to the bravery ‘o! the soldiers. Our goal (Paris) ts, however, stil unattaimed, Important tasks remain ce formed before we shall have acaieved a lasting peace, and it would be censurable to make any peace which mvolves the continuation of the duties which have brought you here, This was reiterated, and by the highest authority in Germany, the sovereign flat that Paris wust fall, me royal delenda of French hope and giory. TRE GERMAN SIEGE OF PARIS—HIS SOLDIERS MAKE 00D THE WORDS OF WILLIAM. The Prussian troops were at the same moment giving the most substantial assurances of the power which stood behind the Emperor Willlam’s au- thonty, ang which would, as it has, enable him to make his words good. On the 3d of January the Prussian army gained the battle or Point Noyelles, in the north of France. On the 4th of January the Prussian soldiers sur- prised a Freneh force on the leit bank of the Seine, pear to Rouen, capturing cannon, colors and prisoners, THE BOMBARDMENT OF PARIS. On the 9th of January the Prussian artillery serv- ing tn the army of investment of Paris commenced to bombard the French capital actively. Shells were thrown among the doomed inhabitants from St. Cloud, Mendon, Clamart and Chanullon. The fire reached Neuilly, Porte Maillot, Avenue Impéra- trice, the Champ de Mars, Les Invalides, Ayenue Rue de Rome aud whe Garden of the Luxembourg. The proudest mementos of French chivalry and beauty and love were violated by the cannon of the conquerors. The German gunners employed on the southern, eastern and western lines of the besieging circle were active also, but their fire fell short of Paris, FRENCH DBFEATS IN THE FIELD. On the 10th of January Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia defeated the French Army of the Loire in a bloody battle at Le Mans. The carnage was dread- ful, Fifteen thousand French soldiers—as we were told by our cable tclegrams—had fallen, before five o’clock m the evening, from the opening of the en- gagement at early dawn, and the “baptism of fire” at Saarbruck was washed out in a torrent of French blood. Le Mans surrendered to the Germans the same evening, and the French cry of “As at Jena, and on to Beriin”’—which was utiered in Paris on Wednesday, the 6th of July, 1870—was completely stienced by the steady resolve of the Prussian com- manders, expressed in the words “To and for Paris.” JENA AND LE MANS, The hght of Jena was echpsed by the lurid gleam reflected from Le Mans, A RAIN OF PRUSSIAN FIRE ON PARIS. Paris was again bombarded by the Prussian artil- lery the same day—January 10. A storm—a hall of Prussian shelis fell into the quarter of the city which lies between the Hotel Invalides and the Odeon. PORTIONS OF THE CITY IN FLAMES, On the 12th of January fire—a conflagration in Paris—came to the aid of the Prussians. Several buildings in the city were 1n flames at the very mo- ment when women and children were being killed in their beds by the effects of the shot of the enemy. The Prussians carried on a terrible cannonade against Fort Montrouge the same day. PRUSSIAN OPERATIONS IN THE FIELD. January the 16th General Manteuffel took com- mand of the German Army of the Vosges. BISMARCK’S ASSAULTS FROM THE CABINET, From the Cabinet in Berlin Premier Count Bis- marck officially indicted the French military com- manders of a habitual violation of the usages of clvilized war, so that the democracy of France was assailed continuously and unceasingiy both by the sword and pen of the Prussians. DRAWING NEARER TO THE CITY. On the 19th of January the St. Denis defence works near Paris were assailed successfully by the Prussians, TROCHU DESPAIRS. On the 21st of January General Trochu, who had commanded in Paris, resigned his military authority to the hands of the members of the French Commit- tee of National Defence and deciared that he was willing to continue to act as ‘Civil Governor” of the capital. LONGWY SURRENDERS. January 24, Longwy, a French position on the Belgian frontier, surrendered to the Prussian troops. NEGOTIATING TO BREAK THE FALL. During al! this latter period—from the 17th to the 27th of January—diplomatic correspondence and negotiations were veing carried on from London to Versailles, froim St. Petersburg to Constantinopie— indeed, from all the great capitals to Paris—on the subject of the London Conference. PARIS CAPITULATES, London received, however, a new Jast Friday, January 27, when were told the news—“Paris has capitu- lated.” ’Change and the West End were excited, Just as they were when their frequent- ers and residents heard of the surrender of General Lee to Grant, and beheld, subsequently in Rich- mond, the fruits of the ‘belligerent right’? recogui- tion of the British Ministry, almost as they see to-day the consequences of a “neutral non-interference” between Prussia and France and Paris. WHAT WILL COME AFTER PARIS FALLS? WHO WILL RULE FRANCE? The contents and tenor of the special cable tele- grams from Europe which we publish to-day— military and civil—go to sustain the correctness of the influence of our first premises as to the necces- sity of an immediate reply to the question, ‘‘What will come after Paris?’ This means, in reality, Who will role in France, and according to what fashion will she be ruled after this German conquest Will the Emperor of Germany, King William, sub- ject the people to a continued military sway of the Prussians; will the French democracy establish a republic; will ihe French Constituent Assembly be organized after a general election ‘and permittea to declare the form of government; or wiil the Prossians restere the Bonapartes in the person of the Empress Eugénie as regent, her son as heir apparent and the liberated captive of Wilhelm- sh0he as First Councillor of State; or, finally, will the monarcns of Europe unite for the accomplishment of a recall of the Bourbons, and—as we have already intimated in the com- mencement—a vindication by this means for the moment of the principle of divine right? THR BMPEROR WILLIAM'S POSITION. In reply to the first query we have the assurance of the King of Prussia bimself that Germany will not attempt to hoid France, and that his armies will retire from French soil after having been guaran- teed a national security from French aggression on the German frontier in the future, of the continued dismantiement of the fortresses of Strasbourg, Metz, and other garrisoned places which threatened his people, of a promise that such strongholds shall not be bulit in after years within a certain + distance of the Rnine border, and of the payment of a heavy portion of the cost of the war by the French, and the cession of territory in Alsace and Lorraine. ‘Thatthe Emperor of Germany intends to remain faithful to the grand idea and retire from France is made manifest by our latest cable reports from Lon- don and Berlin. On the 20th of January we published a cable tele- gram, dated in Berlin on the previous day, which reached us by Way of London, and sald:— “A conference of the representatives of the neu- tral Powers hes been held at the Foreign Office here (in Berlin), at which the foJiowing basis for peace was agreed to:—The recognition of the German eimn- pire by the other Powers the payment by France of an indemnity to Germany of 12,000, 000,000 francs, the raving of two fortresses on the German frontier and Uhe ceasion of a portion of Alsace.” Such assertions and statements, notwithstanding the existence of apparent contradictions as to point in the despatches, go far to prove that Germany will not attempt to hold France by mulitary force, whatever the German people may do hereafter in the way of subjecting the French by their Panslavist cosmopolitanism and weir contiued social presence tn France and the admixture of the races by mar- riage. THE FRENCH REP sensation her people UBLIC—CAN THE DEMOCRACY TAKE H REINS ¢ Will the French people establish a republic? To the eyes of the men who have held roie tn Paris, since the fall of Napoleon to the days or the capitu- ton of the city to the Prussians, @ republic has been established. Ni Is not perfeet, however. On whe sth of August, 1870, the French people heard of the aefeats of thelr armies, under com- | mand of Bonaparte, at Saarbruck and Wissem- bourg. Paris was humiliated and angered, Its democracy growled in defeat, blamed everybody in authority | and burst forth into actual violence in the streets, | They attacked the residences of Prussian traders in we city. ‘They had just commenced to feel ashamed of their Nag as it was borne by the Bonaparte. ' On the 6th of Angust last the Prince Royal of Prussia defeated Marsnal MacMahon and his French army at Woerth, ‘The rout of the French at Hagenau followed, Napoleon was not in Paris, The Kmperor left the Palace of St. Cloud on Thursday, the 28th of July, 1870, to join the army, Eugénie, his wife, the Empress, accompanied hii to the railroad depot, near Paris, where he separated trom her with (he words, ‘Soon return,” He had placed France under the government of a regeucy—which was provided for after his accession to imperial power—having the Empress at its head, assisted by his cousin, Prince Napoleon, and with the succession vested i his son, Louis, the Prince Amper al. On the 2a of August the Emperor commanded at Saarbruck, He was defeated. fils Majesty was forced to telegraph the disastrous news to the Parisians from Metz, The frowns of the French democracy grew darker, On the 6ta of August, 1870, the Prussian troops commenced to march on Paris. The Prince Imperiai of France returned to the French capital from the fleld next day--the 7th of August, The Empress Regent issued a proclamation the same day calitng on the French to persevere in the War; bui at the very moment of its announcement the royal lady had surrounded herself in the Tuileries with the soldters of the Imperial Guard. Paris remained deeply agitated on the 9th ot August, Frenchmen were beginning to exclaim that they could fight the battles of their country more victoriously under a popular leader than it was being done under Marshal Bazaine. Ay, even under their favorite leader, Changarnier, who had joined the forces at Metz by virtue of a Bonaparte commission, M. Emile Ollivier resigned his office as Premier of France the same day, August 9. France was divided in sentument; the people com- menced to experience the results of an agitation at once impelling them forward toward the “reds”? and restraining backward toward royalty. M. Ollivier being out of office by his own act, the Empress Regent of France formed a new Ministry. It was a Cabinet for war and a Cabinet for Bona- partism, composed as follows:— Count Palikao, Minister of war. De ta Tour d’Auvergne, Minister of Foreign Atfairs. Henri Shevreau, Minister of the Interior. Grandperret, Minister of Justice. De Genoailly, Minister of the Marine. Pierre Magne, Minister of Finance. Jerome David, Minister of Public Works. Jules Brame, Minister of Pubhe Instruction. Ciermont Duvernois, Minisier of Commerce. Busson-Billault, President of the Councils of State. ‘The very first announcement which was made by the Minister of War was that “intelligence had been received that the army endured {rightful losses in the battle of Woerth.” ‘This official acknowledgment of the consequences ofaterrible defeat rendered the Parisians almost violent, During the eventng they heard that the Prince Im- perial, Louis Bonaparte, was in London. This alarmed them. On the 11th of August the voice of the conqueror Was heard even in Paris. King William of Prussia issued a proclamation, dated at Saarbruck, ad- dressed “to the French nation,” in which he said that “Prussia warred not on France, put on Bona- parte.” His Majesty thus loosened the very key- stone of the Bonapartist claim to the crown, ana should a Napoleon restoration succeed as the “alter Paris” of to-day, he will be involved in the contra- diction that the torrent of blood which has becn shed by France and Germany during the war has been spilled in vain, MM. Thiers and Magne expressed themselves tn ardent support of the war principie of France after they had read the Prassian manifesto. ‘The wave ef an actual Combat was, for a moment, rolled back on the Prussians in the fleld. On the 16th of August Marshal Bazaine reported a defeat ef the German army between Duncourt and Urnville, With heavy loss to the Prussians. The same day King Wiliam’s oficers told him they bad defeated the French near Metz. Paris seethed to and fro, for France and against Bonaparte, and again for Bonaparte and “against France,” as it was termed, during the remaining day of August. THE SURRENDER OF SEDAN. On the 2a of September Napoleon Bonaparte the Third surrendered tothe King of Prussia after tne battle of Sedan. ¥ PARIS IN REVOLUTION. On the 3d of Septer:ber (Saturday) 1870, a general democratic agitation for the attainment of a French republic was commenced in Parts. It was cont. nued during the night. M. Rochefort was Itberated from prison, where he had been confined for the utterance of “seditious language”? against Bonaparte, during the early hours of the morning. Next day—Sunday, September 4—General Trochu was called to the head of aifairs by popular acclaim. The French revolution culminated 1 the procla- mation of a French republic; a “radical red” Min- istry was formed. The insignta of imperialism were removed from the palaces ana public buildings of the city, The French revolutionists announced, however, that tney.“would continue the war against Prussia,” So that they have offended, from the very first, the Emperor of Germany just as did Bonaparte, WHO WILL GOVERN FRANCE? Born inthe midst of revolution, this “red” goy- ernment has directed the affairs of France since the moment of Napoleon’s surrender. It has exercised power at Paris and at Tours. It nas addressed it- self to the divine right rulers, and, to a certain ex- vent, negotiated with their Cabinets. It has obtained only a quasi or “left-handed” acknowledgment at the best, the Premier of Prussia expressing his opinion of the authority of its members by his classification of themselves as “the gentlemen of the pavement in Paris." It is not likely, therefore, that the French republic will be acknowledged as an “accomplished fact” in the executive administrations of the day in Europe. The Emperor of Germany has, as we have just shown, declared that he does not want to hold France. WHERE TO CHOOSE FROM—THE SOURCES OF POWER. ‘The follewing Is a list of the sovereigns and gov- ernments of France, with the dates of their accession, from the time of Henry IV., first of the Bourbons, vizi— Ronse of Bourbon— Louls Philippe: Louis X Republic— Republic— Provisional gov't. .1848 Convention; President... ......1848 Directoire. . . House of Bonaparte— Consulate. Napoleon U1.,.....1852 Honse of Bonaparte— Napoleon i +18 The average duration of the above fifteen sove- reigns aud governments of France, during a period of two and three-quarter centuries, amounted to eighteen yeurs. NAPOLEON'S CLAIM. Of the living representatives of the above men- toned jamilies and systems of government in France Charles Louis Bonaparte (Napoleon tne Third), hoids the most prominent piace—perhaps the best—as a claimant for restoration to supreme power. He the inheritor of a revolution and the heir of the royal purple at one and the sume mo- ment. ‘This extraordinary man—a royal prisoner to the Emperor of Germany—is the son of Louis Bona- parte, King of Holland, and hortense, daughter of the Empress Josephine. He was born in Paris on the 20th of April, in the year 1808 Napoleon I. and Josephine stood sponso.s at his baptism. It is un- necessary to recapitulate the main incidents of his checkered life here. Aided by Count Montholon, he attempted to revolutionize Fiance mm the year 140, by landing at Boulogne from Margate, Engiand. He was arrested, tried for teavon, aud, althongh he was defended by the eloquent Berryer, convicted and sentenced to imprisonment in the fortress of Ham, After six years he escaped. In the year 1848 he entered Paris as a republican revo- lntontst; In 1850 he was chosen by a popular vote President of the reputsic of France; in 1851 he dis- missed General Changarnier, who commanded the Army of Paris, and denounced the Legislative As- sembly, which had refused to pass several measures which he urged, as “factions and refractory,”” During the summer months of the same year the breach which had been thus creaved between the Prince President of France and the legislative repre- sentatives of the French people was evidenced. Suddenly on the night of the 2d of December, 1851, Prestdent Bonaparte declared Parts in a state of siege, the Legislative Assembly was dissolved by de- cree and 180 of the members were placed under: ar- rest and sent to prison. Citlzens were sho? down inthe streets of Paris by the soldiery. The coup @ tat was completed, Bonaparte then put forth a decree, Ordering the franchisé by universal suffrage and the election of a French President tor ten years, Louis Bonaparte was elected. 41n 1852-——November 21 and 22—the French people were asked to vote the restoration of the empire by a plebiscite, The votes were immensely in his favor and he was deciared Emperor by the title of Napo- leon the Third, From that moment Napoleon the ‘Third wieldea supreme power actively In France to the period of his surrender of his sword to the King of Prussia after Sedan, accompanying the act with the words:—“As I cannot die at the head of my army, and as Tam now without a command, I sur- render my sword to your Majesty.” The King of Prussia acknowledged his royal brother in his misfortune, He has treated him as a monarch in exile here at Wilhelmshih., He has per- mitted his levées, afforded access to his marshals and forwarded a royal correspondence from his wife the Eaapress, in England, to his hands, Jn all this the King of Prussia appears to have acknowledged the complete effect of the FRENCH PLEBISCITES. Of these there were two looking towards the re- establishment of the French empire. The first took place by virtue of a proclamation addressed on the 2d of December, 1852, by Louis Napoleon, President of the republic, te the French people, and pro- posing the basis of the constitution. The nation having answered affirmatively by 7,500,090 votes, the first constitution was proclaimed on the 14th of January, 1852. The second was proposed by the French Senate to ‘ratify some changes in the constitution of the 14th of Jannary. These alterations referred to the re-establishment of the empire in favor of Prince Louis Napoleon, President of the republic, and con- ferred the hereditary right to the crown on the im- perial family of Bonaparte. A third plébiscue was had in April, 1870, The ratification of the act of restoration of the empire was then voted by about eight millions of Voices, notwithstanding the fact that seventeen radi- cal deputies, members of the Legislature, addressed a manifesto to the natien previous to the vote being taken, in which they said:— The 2d of December laid France prostrate at the feet of a single man. To-day personal government is judged by its fruits. Experience condemns it; the nation repudiates it. At the last elections the French people openly manifested tis sove- reign will, and showed its resolve to sub- stitute for personal government the govern- ment of the country by the country. Does the new constitution, which tke Executive new calls upon you to vote realize tuus national wish? No. The new constitution does not establish the gove-nment of the country by the country, but merely pre‘ends to de so. Personal government is not destroyed; it preserves Intact its most formidable prerogatives, For all these evils, the Se of which France cannot possibly eiface for m&ny a long day, have grown out of two plébis- cites of a kind lke the one now demanded, which were submitted to you eighteen years ago. Now, as then, you were asked to signa bianx biil—the alienation of your sovere.gnty, the concession of popular rights to a stngle man and a single family, and the confiscation of the imprescriptible rights of fature generations. Inthe name of the sovereignty Of tie people and the national dignity, in the name of order and social peace, which can only be realized by the conciliation of all interests and all classes in the bosom of a tree democracy, repudiate this new constitution; protest by a nega- Uve vote, a blank bulletin, or even by abstentiouo— every and any mode of protest will serve the cause of l:verty. For our own parts we shall resolute! vote “No,” and we recommend others to vote “No.’* Emmanuel Arago, D. Ban A. Crémieux, Des- seux, Dorian, Esqiiros, Jules Ferry, Gagneur, Léon Gambetta, Garnier Pages, Girault, Glais-bizoin, Jules Grevy, J. Magnin, Ordinaire, E. Pelletan and Jules Simon, Deputies; Ch. Deiesciuze, A. Duportal, Louis Jourdan, André Lavertujon, Pierre Lefranc, A. Poyrat, Louis Ulbach and Eugene Véron, dele- gates of the democratic press of Paris and the de- partinents. Such is the claim of Napoleon to a restoration in France; such the grounds of opposition of many of his enemies. Our readers will answer. Can it be effected ? THE BOURBON-ORLEANISTS. Extied from France by popular acts at different pertods, his Royal Highness Prince Henry Charles, Count de Chambord, and his Royal Highness the Count de Paris claim the throne of Bonaparte. They assert their derivation of legitimacy and nights from different sources; the first as the heir of Charles X., the second as the heir of the late King Louis Philippe. Here we have again a conflict between divine right and democracy, It is net probable, however, that it will extend to any serious degree, as the French people are not likely to entertain either seriously. THE FRENCH LEGISLATURE. In this Assembly we nave !n reality the true source of power in France, as it is in the Parliaments of the surrounding countries, This power must be bronght into eMcient action before a settlement with Prussia can be brought about. This can be effected—Prussia authorizing or per- mitting the elections—by the summoning of the NATIONAL ASSEMBLY. Here would be had « national representation of France after a general election, the peopie voting by universal suffrage and the armies ceasing al! opera- tions during the taking of the poll. THE CORPS LEGISLATIF. This parliamentary assemblage is almost coinci- dent in its functions with a French National Assemobly. The representation 1s not so numerous as that of the National Assembly, but the French Senate—the right arm of Napoleon, through salaried appointees of nig own—by which the democratic action of the lower house was paralyzed, would be, it is likely, wanting in its renewea formation. LBS CONSEILS GRNERAUX. ‘These assemblages constitute the departmental legislative bodies of France. They are local, or, a8 it were, State assemblages, whicn direct and con- trol the rural affairs of road making, taxation, the police, the administration of the law and other mat- ters. Their essentials of legisiative Jurisdiction have not been obliterated by the war with Prussia, and their functions can be resumed at once, as were those of the British Parliament after ita dissolution and apparent extinction by act of Oliver Cromwell. THE PEOPLE. ‘To such fonntains must the contending Powers— France ani! Germany—logk for the final adjustment of their present relations, and the dicta of the future rule of France—by the French democracy or Bona- parust imperialism in a new shape? A FRENCH GUNBOAT IN THE GULF OF Mzx- ico. She Is After German Vesscle—The New Steamship Koln Chased. (From the New Orleans Picayune, Jun. 25. The North German sieamship Koel Captain Hermann ©. Franke, trom Bremen via Havana, ar. nved at her whart, foot of Jackson street, at noon esterday, Sue hasa general cargo, consigned to Mr. E. F. Stockmeyer, agent of tue North German Lioyas, and had some nine cabin passengers, five of whom were from Havana, with avout eighty in the steerage. The Koeln left Bremen on the 27th of De- cember, and had exccedingly bad weather nearly all the way over. She 1s a new steamship, having been launched in the fall of 1870, and was built by Messrs. Uaird & Co., Greenock, Scotiand. She is 312 feet long, 38 feet beam, with 31 feet depth of- hold and 2,6% tons burthen. Her engines were bullt by the same firm, and are nominally 300 horse power, but are capable of working up to 1,500, and are made on the most improved model, with a speed that will drive her twelve or thirteen knots with ease. she has haud- some Hush decks, 1s brig rigged, with square sails on both masts. Her interior arrangements are very elegant, with a grand saloon some eighty feet long, ornamented with pauel work in rosewood and bird’s- eye Maple and furnished with plano, library and other appointments usualy round on first class coran Bleumsups, including lot ar moes, arranged to keep her state-rooms and saloons at an even tem- perature, Her between decks are comfortably fitted up for steer Passengers, of which 1 is thougat she can carry 1,20) with ease. At present she has a crew of over eighty souls, who are accommodated in a manner betituing human beings, aud not as too frequenily happens op many Vessels, boUb steam aud sail, ike sO many criminals, Shortly before arriving at Havana the Kein sighied a French gunboat that has been laying off that port for some time, and who at once gave chase, but the Kiln continued straight into che harbor, where she anchored on the 15th inst, She found there the steamship Hanover, of the same ae, and the North German gunboat Meteor, both virtuaily biockaded by the Freachman outside, who no doubt Was anxious to capture the Hanover, with the valuabie cargo she took irom this } on the 13th inst, cousisung of 2,635 bales of Cotten ana 131 hogsheads of tobacco. On the night of the ivth instant, both the Koln and the Hanover made preparations to leave port. At 10 o'clock, P.M., they both weighed ancuor and boldly started out io sea; about an hour thereaiter the Koeln suddenly sighted the #reachman within gunshot, but he was evivently taken unawares, for befor he ecould bring his guns to bear, the Koeln quickly ons of reach, and in two hours ran eo: pletely out of signi of the gunboat. Tne telegraph has informed us that toe Hanover was equally thaate. We were not able to ascertain the aame of the French gunboat, but it was not the Bouvet, which fought the Meteor last fati just outside the harbor of Havana, as she was still in that harbor keeping her old antagonist company. The Koeln ran over from her ancty Maivena to the bar at the mouth of the Missiasipp! in 1orty-seven hours, and had she not run aground on the t Mud Lamp would have arrived here Sanday, No doubt after the Kerln has been repainted and cleaned ap sie will be thrown open for pubite inspection, when many of our readers will have a chanee of visiting one of the finest steamships ihat has ever visticd this port. THE WAYLAND (IJ, Y.) TRAGEDY. How the Murders Were Com- mitted. Description of the Murderers and the Victims. Everything relative to the horrible tragedy which occurred in Wayland on Thursday of last week will be read with Interest, The Dansville Advertiser contains upwards of five columns of the particulars and testimony taken before the Coroner's jury, from ‘which we extract the following:— On Thursday morning, before six o'clock, Mrs. Mary Hess, the prime actor m the terrinie trageay, rose, perhaps trom a sleepless bed, and with mur- derous intent went forth on her mission of deat Before leaving her home she visited the chamb: where usualiy sicpt her brother and cousin, Wells and Horace Northrup, young men, clerks in the store of an older brother, William M. Nor- thrup. She found only Horace in bed. Taking him by tho shoulder she called him by name, and upon his partlally awaking made some unim- portant inquiry or remark and left, It is probable she merely visited the rooin to see who was in it, and beng, convinced that no Interference to her plans would come from that quarter went directly to the house of W. H. Lewis, The house of Mrs. Hess 1s situated on the corner of Main and Sullivan streets, The house ef Mr. Lew 1s lecated on the latter street aad about forty rods distant; between the two houses runs tue railroad track. Upon calling him out Mrs. Hess says she requested Mr. Lewis to call at her house during the day. She must then have immediately returned to her home, to be shortly followed by Mr. Lewis. We do not hear that any one saw either of the parties In the st:ect up to this time. What took piace in that house after the arri- val of Mr, Lewis and previous te the finding of his dead body is now really known only to Mrs. Hess and her Maker. What Mrs. less says as to what occurred and the manuer of its occurrence, as set forth im the testimeny of Mrs. Linhart at the Coro- ner’s inquest, is ali the world knows about it, That the interview had a terrible culmmatien tn the ae Mr. Lewis at the hands oi Ars. Hess 13 ad- aaitied. TAE HESS HOUSE is the oid tavern stand —ihe tirst aud for a long time the only vutiding in the village of Waylaud. Tt isa large, old-fashioned building, rife im “the memories and traditions vi the early settlement of te country. THE PLACE WHERE LEWIS WAS SHOT Was 8 wide hall in the centre of the front part of the house. Opposite the trank was an oak-gramed re- frigerator, on the top of which was a fladie box and fiddle, the fiddle lying on te front side of the re- Inigerator and the revolver beuween tuem. On the left hand as one enters the hall from the front is a arior, and on the rignt we roum occupied by Mra. Hess, ‘back of which was her bedroom. Tie hall was carpeted with a large pattern, eld fashiened carpet and the wails covered with old oned paper. In addition to the imap of New York there was opposiie a map of the county of Steuben. On tie easi side of the hall and in front of the entrance to Mrs. iiess’ room were three ancieni- loeking, rudely-drawn maps. representing respect- ively “The Last Supper of the Lord,” «The Cruci- fixion” and “the Resurrection of Jesus Christ,” wiuch particularly attracted ou’ ton, from the fact that they had been the daily companions of a woman charged witn a terrible crime. Opposite this was Chapin’s Ornamental, Map of the Unite:t States, “ornamentea” with the heads of the Presi- dents of the United States. ‘Yo the right of the rear end of the hail is a door leading up sturs, the first step betng in the hail, on the other side of ‘the door leading tuto the dining room, through which Mrs. Hess took her Way to the old kitchen, out of which she went on her second errand of death. THE APPEARANCE OV THE FIRST MAN MURDERED. Mr. Lewis sat on the trunk with his ject stretched apart, was partially turned on Us leit side with as shoulder nearly touching the trunk and his head Testing low against 4 map suspended on the wall. A small poo! of blood was on the carpet just un- der his head. Itappears that upon being shot he might very naturally have failen into the posture found from a stand: ea eor ion, near and directly in front of the trank. ‘There was a bullet wound near each temple, and 1t was supposed until the’ post- mortem examination that they were both made by the same ball, one hole being its entrance and the other its exit. The examination proved that he had been shot from either the! tracks of the balls crossing each other in slightly diverging lines, Both balls were ol coarse found in the brain, and upon being compared with the balls remaining In the pis- tol one was found exactly the same weight; the other had lost a few graina. He must have been shot first on the left side, and after faliing to the pe- sition found, shot In the right temple, which was uppermost and presented a lair mark. The wound on the right temple was larger than the wound on the left side and somewhat ragged, while the bullet hole in the left temple was a very clean cut. The Jast shot must have been made Yery close to the head. The face of the dead man indicated death witnout a struggle, without a pang. AFTER THE SECOND VICTIM. It appears that Mrs, Hess, immediately after shooting Mr. Lewis, threw her shawl over her head, and hurrying out of the house through the “old kitchen”? at the rear, went out of the gate at the pack end of the lot and took the road direct to the rail- road track. Here she was seen by Mr. Clark More- house aud & son of Dr. Fay. As she passed the boy he heard her say, “‘l’min a hurry! I'm in a hurry ?’ and she hurried up the track towards the house of her brother, Mr. Warren Northrup, repeat- ing the words “I’m in a hurry!" as long as the boy coud hear her. When she reached her brother's house she passed through the gate and around to tne barn in the rear of the house, expecting no doubt to find her brother atthe barn, as the barn doors were open. But as he was not there she went to the kitchen door In the rear of the house, and called to him, saying, “Warren, come out here, I’ve got some business with you, and I'm in a hurry.” Her brother, who was in the kitchen, said, “Mary, come here; it’s cold out ‘there. she then came in and said, “I have some business with you and want to see you alone,” and started ahead of him through the dining room and towards the parior door at the ieit. Upon being Informed by Mrs. Northrup that ihat room was oc- cupted by Mrs. McCrossen, and that they could go into the bedroom, she started for the bedroom, her brother being in advance of her this time. As he opened the door she seized hina by the shoulder and pushed lum in, closely following him aad pushing the door to, and almost simultaneousiy with the closing of the door a pistol shot was neard. Scott Nortnrup, Warren Northrap's son, was sitting near the stove and close to the vedrooin door, pulling on his boots, at the time of the entrance or his father and aunt into the bedroom. Immediately upon hearing the report Scott jumped to shis feet, and sprang for the bedroom ‘door, exclauning, ‘For God's sake, what’s done? and as hie opened the door he met his aunt coming out, and at the same time saw his father sitting on the hoor at the side of the bed, and suid he to ts annt, “lor God’-,sake what have you done’ She cuoliy replied, “Nothing,” when he se her firmly by both wrists and called loudly for Leip. ‘Lhe right hand of Mrs. Hess. sill grasped the revolver and she made desperate efforts to free it. Mrs, Northrup, upon hearing the snot and the noise, hurried ‘vom the Kitchen into the bed- room to find her husmand stot in the lead. Upon hearing the cry for heip Mrs, McCrossen came to ihe door Of her rvoin, and was soon followed by her husband, who rashed ito the bedroom, and seeing Mrs, Northrup supporting her tusband, asked where the revolver was, he answered that she had not seen any revolver. Mr. McCrossen then stepped back out of the bedroom, aud seizing Mrs. Hess, re- peated his question, “Where is the revelyer/’ She did not reply, but appeared to be trying to conceal the weapon in her dress, or, as he thought more probable, tried to cock 1t In order to again use it to effect her release. Mr. MeCrossen soon got hold of the revolver and took it away trom her. Scott, sill holding her, said, “Aunt Mary, did you intend to kill me’? and she replied, “Do you suppose | am a fool?” She then requested Scott to let her sit down, and he led the way to the window, where she sat down, he still retainmg his hold apon her, waile McCrossen Was out for asslstance. THE APPEARANCE OF THS WOUNDED MAN. On turning to the nedroom Warren Norilrap was found where he had faiien, partially supported by his wile, insensible, with a vnilet wound in his head an toch above and about an inch and a half behind hisear. There was a good deal of infiltration of blood in the upper lid of the right eye, clusiug the eye. On raising the tid the eye was found uot eiosed or discolored, the pup was moderately J a @ilated and readily contracted on the tniroduction of light. His breathiug was quiet and slow, pulse slow aid labored, He occasionally raised tus rignt hand to the side of his head, slightly scowling as if in pain, but upon betng told and with the use of a lite gentle toree dropped his hand two or three ent times, His limos were not paralyzed. ‘these were bis symptoms at nine o'clock, seme Wo hours after he was shot, at which ume he was ex« amined by Drs, Patenin aud Fay, of Wayland, assisted by Dr. Listen, of Albany, who had ju arrived tf town on iis Way to Dansville, THE HOUSE WHERE WARREN NORTHRUP WAS MURe DERED, is a small honse situated tothe west and north of the passcager depot and is tie drst house ou Ue left hand side of Water street, a8 one goes up the road aiter leaving the rativoad track, The bedrooin in which Mr, Northrup was shot is situated in the southeast corner of the hie and 1s only eight by ten feet in size, with & small window on south side and nearly behind tie dvor which opened trom the sitting or dining room, Opposite the window Is & tall mahogany bureau, aud on the side opposive Where tne door opeus is the bed, the foot pele toward the bureau, On the fatal mornmg a small rocking chair, contalniug & basket of clotl behind the door, ‘The Hoor was covered with a ray pet somewhat worn and at the window was & cloth siude, When Mr, MeCrossen left Mr, Northruy assistance he ran to the depot, and tue Danie! Marts with his team, “He asked Mr. he knew whore Dr. fay lived, and upon bein an« swered in the aftiemative ‘old him to drive there for his ide, and acquainied imum with the terrible aifair. “Uncle Dan * needed no second invitation; in lesg time tian we write it he had hig horse on’ a keep Jai ior Dr. Fay’s hous which is situated just op, posite that of Mrs. Hess.’ He had scarcely checked his team when Wells Noruirap ran out of the Hess how aud told him for God's sake to come in ther and informed Dim that Mr, Lewis lay dead in hg hau. Wells then asked Maris i le kaew where and ke iformed him that big Was at Warren Northrap’s and that she had ren Hearing that Mr. Lewis was quite Maris told Wells he would not go in there, aad, turning his attentuon to the living, secured tne presence of Dr, Fay at Warren Nortarup’s bedside ad possible, giving the alarm to all he met, and soon the streets were filled with people hurrying to und fro under the greatest excitement, MKS, MARY M. HESS 4s the widow of Dr. ficnry H. Hess, of Wayland, who died on the 17th day of March, 1859, at the agé ot forty-eight. They were married about uly years since at the Western Hotel, in the city of New York, having for that purpose accompanied Ar. Jonn Hess, of this village, a brother of decease: who went to New York for the purpose of buying vous at that time, Mrs. Hess was much the junio of ber husband, and 1s still, we are told, under fort, years of age. Sne has one child, Mark H. less, @ smart, active boy, who wil be fifteen years old in Maren. He was nding school im Bath at the tue.of the occurrence of the tragedy, which ap= pears to affect him deeply. irs. Mess has about 300 acres of nd in and adeining Wayland, owns her residence, the wooden block opposite Gray's Hotel, ia which is té post office and store Kept by William Northrup, her brotier, and other property, amounting tn nil to something Like $40,u She and her brother Willan, who is an unmarvied man, lived togetner, Mrs. Hess is a fine, lady-tike appearing woman, of graceful form, black hair, bright black eyes, and am earnest, intelligent countenance; we belleve she uniformly dressed in black. she has been @ freyuent visitor to Dansville and was quite intimate with some ladies ef this town, aside from those wha were her relatives. Sie was a ood businesd woman, having conducied her own business in re+ markably systematic manner for the past ten years. She is the second child of Mr. Wiliam Northrup and was born at Bald Hill, near Hemlock Lake, im this county. Her brother Warren, whom she murdered, was the oldest child, Next came Wil- liam M., Wells and Weaily. A sister Sabma ated some time since, WILLIAM H. LEWIS was an active, healthy man, of social emperament and hearty manner. He wasa grain and product commission and shipping merchant, in which busi-+ ness he had accumulated a handsome property. He owned the house where he lived and another house in the village, besides a Une warehouse, which he bullt three years ago, ile was regarded as a very Yehable business man. He was weil kaowa in Tis. village, where he was a resient some eight yeara ago, removing from this place to Blood’s Corners, aud (rom thence to Waviand four years ago last April. Mr. Lewis was a prominent member of the Methodist chureh at Wayiand, and Mr. Daniei Marts, Mr. Lewis and Mrs. Hess were the three most liberal contributors to the church fund, ranking in tne ov der named. He was also an active temperance mag ant a member of the Order of Good Templars. Mr. Lewis was fifty years of age last December, He eaves & wife and three children—viz,, Mrs. Wesley Capron, of Wayland; Mrs. Newnan, 0” Cherokee, Lowa, aud Miss Frank, &2 unmarried aaugniter, who lives al REN NORTHRUP id physique, dark hair and fuil whiskers and imustache of dark brown. He was forty-tive years and ten days old on the day he was shot. He leaves a wife and two children. Scott, azed eighteen, and Rose, seventeen years of age. Mr. Northrup was « resident of Dansvilie for short tine, seven years ago, occupying the house om Elizabeth street now ow! by Mr. S.C. Alle He went from here to Wayland, where for three 5 he worked his sister's fa He then went to G , Mich., where lic uiacd but one year, ree ‘om there to ¥ and, where he has since. Was eugaget (is winter in teaching school in Perkinsviile, He was aman of moderate meaus and Lived tn the house built by Elder Curtis some font years ago, and by who ié 4s sull owned, SHE WSATHER Three or Fonr Changes in One Day~The Streets, the Kervics and Other Places. When the gray of the early morning of yesterday had been dissipated a pleasant sun fell over tae streets of the city, aud fora time pedestrians be» lieved that the day would be fine. But as the hours waned and the snow came down 1 large, sitcky, trembling particles and iiiled up the gaps made by the feet of horses on the streets and by the feet of men and women on the sidewalks, anxious weather gazers began to believe that the sterm was to con- tinue all day and that siush and slop would be kept under foot asa scourge for the next two weeks. ‘This sort of weather, which our citizens have env dured for the past three or four days, is essen- taily deceitful. The urrowy sleet and binding: snow make the pedestrian impervious to all unders neath his feet, and he plunges bitndly ana madly: Into QUAGMIRES OF SLUSH AND SNOW with a recklessness born of utter despair. Those terrible circular iron covers, that are only hidden inthe walks by a thin coating of snow, make 16 dangerous for iife and limb to traverse any distan in this weather. In main thoroughfares the snow is massed in morasses at every street corner, aud in some places it is deep enough to, reach the knees of wayfarers, and in what, Dan Bryant calls the “out squirts” of the city the streets and roads are about as aiilicult to pene- trate as the Rocky Mouniaius when Fremont mad his march through the Sierras; for last night we sky was of aclear blue. with the stars hanging fro) it, while the streets were almost impassable to) horse or man, calling to mind the stanzas of the poet:— All night above their rocky bed ‘They saw the sara maroh slow; ‘The wild Sierra overhead, ‘The desert’s death below. The Indian, from his lodge of bark, The gray bear {rom his den, Reyond their camp fire's wall of dark Glared on two mountain men, And how was it with the poor car drivers, most abus-d of men? They passed the houra of th night tugging, cursing and swearing, and pulling at their horses’? mouths in mute despair, until early dawn, with frozen, wet feet, eating their meais on the cars out of cold dinner kettles, without even a drop of whiskey, and having tq turn round corners with a sudden strain or jerk, with an extra man to hi on to wl brakes with a mute ferocity, through hours o} thenight? One might carry the analogy and liken these nen Wo receive but two dollars and twenty- five cents ior fifteen hours’ work to the mountain pioneers: The winds are wild, the way fs drear, Yel, Hushiug throagh the night, Lo! fey ridge and roc! ‘ered ‘Blaze out in moralaz hghtt Around and in the ferry houses, along the watet siae, Boople stood waiting in sloppy pools for tne arrival of the boats, which made tneir Way against obstacies of ice ac.oss the river, while the ways farers witered MALEDICTIONS AGAINST THE WEATHER. On old canat boats in the docks at Coenties siip) hard-hesded looking boatmen pped in and out with cooking untensils, slipping in slush on the flat decks, and in the vicinity of the newspaper offices smal! boys and smal) girls in tatters absorbed the leat from the steam hoilers, vents with a shivering eaeruess painful to behoid, Some of the city parks are al:.ost impassadie, put efforts are being made to clear the larger ones of the impediments to travel. ‘the following record will show the changes in the temperature (or the past ivouty-four hours in come parison with the corresponding day of last year, as indicated by the Wiermometer at Hudnnvs PI macy, HERALD Batiding, ¢ erday. Average temperature for corre: jast year... On account of storm and cold of last Week tavigation between Shelter Island and Green- port Was nearly suspended, In two or three cases parties were nearty frozen in attempting to cross. of nine th attempting Lo cross had thelr boat iped and were only <.ved alter a severe struge ele. Two of the number wore badly frosthitten, A party of men on Pete ck hearing a cry for help of the bar, found @ boat locked ia the tee, and &@ man nanied Thompson lying m the bottoni insensible from cue cold. The man had been there along time endeavoring to gain the shore, lip Greenport the record of vie thermometer the past few «days shows that they bave experiencud We cyldest Weather kuown for some Wue,