The New York Herald Newspaper, January 22, 1871, Page 6

; : NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, All business or news letter and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York Hizraw. Letters and packages should be properly No. 23 Velume XXXVI, AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING, WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway ana 18th street.— BOHOOL FoR SCANDAL. SANA EDWIN'’S THEATRE, 720 Broadway.—Huwrep Down, QRaKD OPERA HOUSE, corner of Sth av. and 83d at, — La Pesrouo.r. 2h i OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—THB PANTOMIME OF War Wri Winx BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—RicHarp ITI.--SeR- SAW—MANIAC Loven, WOOD'S MUSEUM Broadway, corner 80th st.—Perform- ances every afternoon and evenins, GLOBE THEATRE, 738 Broadway.—Vainty ENTER- ‘TAINMENT, AC. NEW YORK STADT THEATRE, 45 Bowery.—Srenacu 1 Eoxont. FIFTH AVENUE THEAT! Sawaroca. BOOTH'S THEATRE, BiouEiinu. NIBLO'’S GARDEN, Broadw ‘THE BLack CRroox. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 21 Bowery.—Va- BIETY ENTERTAINMENT. —Ta¥ SPECTACLE CF THEATRE COMIQUE, 514 Broodway.—Comio Vooat- 18m, NEGRO Acts, &C.—Tae Fink FIEND. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTREL HALL, 885 Broatway.— NPGRO MINSTRELSY, Fanoes, BURLESQUES, &0. BRYANT'S NEW OPERA HOU and 7th avs.--NxGuo MINSTRELS’ 33d at., between 6th OOENTRIOITIES, &C. APOLLO HALL. corner 28h street and Broadway.— Du. CoRRY’s DiORAMA OF INELAND. NEW YORK CIRCUS, Fourteenth street.—Sornns IN TuR RING, AononATs, &0. HOOLEY’S OPERA HOU: KELLY & Leon's Mixstar, 2, Brooklyn.—HOoLey's AND BROOKLYN OPERA HOU: Ware's Minerexis. -Canny WRLoH, Hoours & News To Many. DR. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 745 Broadway.— iO AND ART. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadwa: (OB AND Ax TRIPLE SH ET. New York, Sunday, Junnary 22, 1871. ee ‘ — Pacer. I—Adverticements. 2—Advertisements. 3—Map of the Bombardment of Paris: Positions of the German Batteries and the Points of the City Shelled. 4—Within the Walls of Paris—Fisk’s Opéra Boutfe—The Air Line Ratlroad—Philadelphia Fire Commissioners—Land Warrants for Sol- diers and Satiors—Conilict of Jurisdiction: The Case of General Neill Taken from the State to ‘the Federal Courts—Navai Intelligence—H rible Outrage in Georgia—'The Princess Lout Her Approaching Nupuals to the Marguis of Lorn—Matrimontal Mysteries—Horse No The Mines of New Mexico—How Newark Tax- 5 aed are Swindied. S—The Methodist Muddie—-Keligious Intelligence— ‘The Prisoner in the Vatican: Christmas Day at St, Peter's ana the Pope Absent—Jeiferson Market Police Court—Law Breakers in Jersey— Winter Picture of Munich—An Old Convict— Explosion in Greenpomt—a Foot Race in Da- Kota Territory—Terpsichborean Notes—Voice or the People. @—Editorials: Leading Article, “The Catholicity of the Herald and Sectarianism of the Trom- bone” —Amusement Announcements, Y—Exitorials (Continued from Stxta \—Pro- ress of the Siege of Paris—Bourbaki’s Re- | treat—General War News—The European Con- ress—News from ngiand, Russia and italy—Banquet to Senator Frank Blair—The Atlantic Cables—Movemeuts of the Fenian Exiles—Science and Art—Views ol the Past— Business Notices. S—The Rapid Transit Question: What Governor Homnap. Thinks Abus lt—New York City News—Tha Catalogué of Crime—The Rogers Murder Hoax—The Coademned Murderer— Proceedings in the Courts—City and County Aflairs—The Fulton Market Fight—A Butcher- ing Boy in Brooklyn—An ‘‘inspired” Arrest— The Jersey City Charter—Reported Important Ratiway Transaction. 9—Counterieiting—The Case of Colonel Clark—The Woman's Institute—Financial and Commer- ¢iai--The Dry Goods Market—The Weather at Mount Wastiington—Marriages and Deaths— Advertisements, 20—News from Washington—N-ws from Philadel- hhia—Amusements—Shipping Intelligence— dvertisements. 11—Advertisements. 39—Advertizewents. Sgysmre = DeTERMINATION.—-Occasionally Western politicians give evidences of return- ing reason, as was the case yesterday in the Missouri House of Representatives. A fire- eater in that body introduced a resolution censuring President Grant for the course he pursued in the late election in Missouri. Although the majority in the House against the administration is large the resolution was tabled by a vote of over two to one. Preswwrst Grant's ADMINISTRATION will be marked by many important measures, not the least of which are the great reduction of the national debt end the adjustment of the Alabama and fishery questions. England is anxious to come toa full and definite under- standing upon the causes of difference with the Uniied States, and has already conceded several points which at first she sirongly con- tended for. Canada, also, is concerned in the settiement of the fishery question, and has an agent in Washington looking after her interests. This latter matter, it is believed, will soon be compromised, and the rights of American fishermen fully protected. Tre Roman Carnouw Oxpnan Barr, to be given at the Academy of Music to-morrow (QMfonday) evening, will assemble a most bril- liant audience. The festivities will be con- ducted under the auspices of the Young Men’s Roman Catholic Association, to whose charita- ble spirit and well-timed exertions, indeed, the whole affair is due; and the success that has attended all their cfloris heretofore euthorizes the expectation’ that the occasion will be o delightfw one this year also. The cause of the poor little orphans for whose * penefit the ball is given appeals to every heart, and we can only wish for it the amplest olden returns amid the gayety and illumi- mation of a charming festival. Tur GERMANS OF ILLINoIs AND Iowa are ment of arms from tis city to France, and -@eclare that they will withdraw their support from the adwinistration unless it prohibits Mature exhibitions of such active sy with the enemies of Germany. As G herself as not seen fit to object to the existing commercial relations between France and the Waited States, this etiemp: by a portion of our itivens to dictate a foreign policy for this ment is not likely to drive the adminis- from the neutral course it has so scru- pursued, nor will it prevent our mer- from furnishing either belligerent with lass of goods thev may order, The Cathelicity ef the Herald and Socta- Hastem of the Trombone. The Holland celebration bas passed the way of all other ations, and the Obristian world has been taught a new lesson of tolerance and love. Silly Sabine is left to the sanctifying meditation that out of evil Providence works good, and that his priestly arrogance has simply had the effect of bringing gladness and comfort to a bereaved home. But Sabine is not the last of the bigoted Mohicans. Scarcely has the memory of this Sabine silli- ness passed away when the poor old 7'rom- bone, that spittoon which receives the refuse of all decayed and worn out stomachs, attempts to throw its weak and wretched spew against those walls of universal tolerance which the New York Heratp has labored, and not in vain, for years to build up, and which it now cements and strengthens by publishing every Monday such of the sermons as are worthy of publication and contribute to its great purpose of the day before. The truth is, the poor old Trombone has protection on its brain, and the venerable Philosopher who presides over it cannot even forget his old-fashioned farming when he comes to the foot of the sanctuary, but plops his basket of potatoes and cabbages down, and yells against imported vegeta- bles. The Universalist faith to which he theologically clings becomes hateful to him the moment it passes from Dr. Chapin’s pulpit and goes abroad to affect the actual relations of civilized life; and as Greeley makes a privileged few of man- ufacturers the special object of his rural ado- ration, so he strains every nerve to invest a certain number of divines with exclusive pre- rogative and feebly strives to send a cracked squeak out of his wretched 7’romdone against the New York Hxrarp, because it gives a fair field to all churches, and without any invidious distinctions publishes every Monday the hundred effusions of the pulpit eloquence aud earnestness of New York. The Trombone's gnathemas against our Monday publication of sermons are forged for the confined and feeble reason that we do not predicate them on small, sectarian snarls, but, with an embrace full and broad as Christianity itself, gather in all denomina- tions in our humanizing grasp and into one comprehensive bond of fellowship and love, According to the partisan doctrines of the Trombone tho defunct theory of State rights is to be revived in the dominion of the Charch. Each sect is to cet up an imperium in imperio and battle against all others for its life, as the Soutbern States fought for their separate interests regardless of the national life, Union, a union of toleration—a union which means, in the parting words of Lincoln, “charity to all, malice to none”—is the creed of which the New York HERatp is the gos- pel. According to the 7rombone's theory the thousand denominations which constitute so many sauces to the great Christian dish, are to set themselves up as 80 many South Carolinas, assume, like the tailors of Tooley street, that their little sect represents the aggregate opinion of mankind, and that no other religious dog is to bark when they speak to the wind. The Methodist Book Concern is the spawn of this new secret system of religious dissenslon and fraud which the Trombone s0 eagerly protects. Book Concern Methodists are to fight against Methodists who are not con- cerned in the Concern; each sect is to display its love of religion by assailing some other sect, and there is to rage among the Churches of a God of love and charity One perpetnal civil war. The tariff and negro feuds will be transferred to God's temple, and when the constant bicker- ings and jealousies and rivalries have brought about their natural fruit ef acts of overt hos- tility between the Methodists of the Methodist Book Concern and the Methodists unconcerned, or between the united and non-united Dutch Yholding meetings to protest agaiost tue ship- | Reformers, the Trombone will, of course, be the most eager to shout ‘‘On to Richmond,” and, when it sees the spawn of its folly, to cry out afterwards for an ‘“‘at-any-price peace.” Not such is the mission of the New York HeEratp. Its regular Monday publications of sermons, without bias or partisanship, are the most potential power in working a barmoni- ous blending of all the sectarian differences of the respective Churches into one all-pervading bond of evangelical Christianity. The masses of mankind, on receiving their Monday Hrra.p, are reminded, on reading the sermons deliv- ered by all the different ministers of different Churches—the Roman Catholic, Episcopal, Presbyterian, Methodist, Dutch Reformed, Dutch non-reformed, Baptists, Anabaptists, Universalists, Congregationalists, Unitarians, Spiritualists, and, io fact, even of Free-Love repetitions (for we are willing to give our friends of the Trombone a chance)—that what they speak is not acceptable because they, ex- cepting the last, are a particular sect, but be- cause they all endeavor to diffuse among mea the gospel of charity and love. By giving space in its columns every Monday to all the various propounders of religion with the utmost catholicity and freedom the New York HEnarp merely fulfils its destiny of open- ing out not only a new era in the brotherhood of Churches, but also in the power of the press. Many an humble pastor awakens on Monday morning to find himself immortalized in the pages of the Heratp; and so beneficial has this influence been on the eccle- siastical mind that the rush which is expe- rienced every Monday by news dealers for copies of the Henaxp represents not a selfish, but a laudable ambition on the part of pas- tors and flocks to read for the first time, on a sheet which is not bounded by walls, but tra- vels over worlds, the divine thoughts and aspirations which the day before animated the one with holy zeal and filled the other with divine rapture. If the New York Herazp, as is alleged, makes clergymen, as it does statesmen, law- yers and actors famous, it is because in doing so it encourages them to still higher and nobler efforts in the cause of Christianity; while those members of the congregation, who are sometimes prevenied from hearing all their minister says in the pulpit find the Sunday's gap filled by Monday's Heratp, and virtually go twice to church—once bodily and | once mentally—in reading the Hzratp. But while at the best they can attend only one particalar church, in the pages of the Heratp they worship the spirit of the Church universal, Their varied distinctions of Church ceremony, | ccpisiuation or discipline, ace but wails on the shore compared to the vast sea of charity and love and gentleness in which they all become merged and mingled together. The discovery of the art of printing in the fifteenth century proved to be the forerunner of religious regeneration and liberty ; and in the present nineteenth century another giant progress is marked out by the New York Henato in alming, by the publicity of the sermons of every varigty of creed, to crush out those dissensions and jealousies which clog the onward march of a broad and practi- cal Christianity. In fulfilling this, its destiny, the Hrratp goes hand in hand with the genius of progress and humanity and elevates the press to unprecedented sublimity by mak- ing it the handmaid for healing the wounds which jealousy and sectarianism have inflicted on the churches and welding them all into one grand and undivided democracy of faith and an imposing manifestation ef the most sacred impulses of humanity, in which, as in society and the daily intercourse of life, differences of opinion may well go hand in hand with a reconciling faith in one and the same destiny and one and the same _here- after. The Trombone and its old blower, of course, take offence at our catholicity, Its narrow- ness and crookedness are rebuked by the wide and straight comprehensiveness of scope which the Heraup assigns to Christianity and the press, and it wriggles and winces. Were wo disposed to indulge in an unchristian vein of thought we could well say that this is the natural tribute it offers to our greatness. We would rather see, however, late as it is, the poor old Philosopher repent, lay down his tariff shovel and partisan hoe, and fall in under our banner of faith and charity in the great march of progress of the age. The Trombone must feel, on reflection, that in attempting to bite at the Henaxp it bites against a file, and that it only stultifies iteelf in its unceasing efforts to belittle the power of the press as symbolized in the world-wide. influence of this journal, ge<-.0™7™ We aré taken to task for inaking Jater- viewing famous, just as we have been for being the first to descry and build up the renown of a Bismarck, for giving to to the world the thoughts of an Antonelli or the reflections of an ex-Emperor in exile. Even the Pope himself has shown how thoroughly his clear, comprehensive intellect has caught the spirit of the time by earnestly desiring an opportunity which iliness for the moment defeated of giving his thoughts on the present position of things through the New York Heratp to the world. Where would be the great men of the age—bad, good or indifferent, as may be—if the press did not give publicity to their doings, and if in the days both of triumph and reverse they were not interviewed by our writers, and their in- most ideas laid bare before the judgment seat of public opinion? In attaining pre-emi- nence above all other contemporaries, either in the New World or the Old, in this great mission of making the press the moat faithful daguerreotype of the public men and events of this century, the Heraxp is simply fulfilling the same great destiny in the realms of his- tory as by its publication of sermons it ac- complishes in the sphere of Christianity, It is by being true to this great purpose that the Tigra has become the great tug to carry in the opinions of the world and raised the power of the press to such a height that even the Z'’rombone, with its meagre telegrams and paucity of news, the result of enforced econ- omy, is compelled to recognize that we are one of the great newspapers of the present and future. Why, this very morning we give to the Trombone and all the other newspapers an evidence of what journalistic enterprise is— that enterprise which in England is repre- sented in those great metropolitan journals, the London Times and the Telegraph. This is to be found in the illustrated map of Paris bombarded which we publish on another page. Its mathematcal exactness, its graphic deline- ation of the progress and effect of the most terrible bombardment known in the history of modern: warfare, and its complete descrip- tion of Paris, the forts which surround the city and the German batteries which invest both, are conclusive evidences of that progres- siveness in journalism which the world appre- ciates and the Trombone strives vainly to imitate. Our Illustrated Map of Paris Bombarded. The vivid pen pictures of the progress and effect of the bombardment of Paris which we have received from our corps of correspondents within the besieged city, and with the investing army have enabled us to present to the readers of the Hgratp this morning an illustrated map, which gives at a glance a clear and accurate idea of the military situation on the most important field of military operations in France, All eyes are now di- rected to the French capital—the interest of the world is centred in it. Our illustrated map will, therefore, be of valuable assistance to all persons who watch closely the events of the war. The artists and engravers have performed their work admirably. All the German batteries are located with mathe- matical exactness according to the scale of the illustration, From Scvres and Meudon, Clamart and L'Hay, all situated on the southwest side of Paris, pour the storm of shot and shell which have battered down the walls of Forts Issy, Vanvres and Montrouge and carried death and destruction to the very heart of the doomed city. The course of the shells is traced from the guns to the points where they fall. From Stvyres we have them darting across the Bois de Bou- logne and falling into the Avenue Imp¢ratrice, Avenue du Roi de Rome, Piace de la Concorde and to the vicinity of the Are de Triomphe. From the batteries at the other points named they are seen falling into the Palace and Garden of Luxembourg, the Val de Grice, Hétel des Invalides, Ecole Militaire, Observatory, St. Salpice, Odcon, Panthéon, Sarbonne and other public edifices whose names and fame are fami- liar to the general reader, The outlines of all these buildings are carefully and accurately rendered. Small as the scale necessarfly is, it is impossible to fail recognizing Notre Dame, the Column Veadime, the Tuileries and the numerous other places engraved on the map. By the energy and despatch of the Heratp writers on the Geld of ovarations are the pub- Uc afforded an opportunity of seeing in minia- ture an exact counterpart of the great bom- bardment. The map itself is a novelty in newspaper enterprise—a novelty which will be welcomed and appreciated for the information it conveys and the instruc- tion it gives. Valuable as is the mere printed record of important passing events, it would be incomplete without illustrations from nature. The map we pub- lish this morning gives with picturesque graphicness a complete view of all that we have been publishing since the first shell was fired into Paris, Ordinary maps could not do this. They only enabled one to conceive the importance of what had transpired ; but our publication this morning enables the reader to perceive and understand. Nor should we omit to state that the pre- cision with which all the German batteries and French positions are laid down is not the result of any calculation made here and founded upon a knowledge of the number of miles between Paris and the several points at which the German batteries are located. On the contrary, the map is drawn from informa- tion furnished by our correspondents at Paris and Versailles and telegraphed per cable. These special despatches give the number of metres between Paris and the German guns, and describe with accuracy the range and course ef the shells, tracing them from their departure from the guns till they fallin the forts or in the French capital. Thus it is that the Heratp ministers to the public demand for information. With our cor- respondents and artists on the spot and our engravers at hand our facilities are unrivalled for furnishing at the earliest moment, both in writing and illustrations, every prominent event of the war in Europe. Years hence the historian of the great struggle between France and Germany need not look beyond the files of the Heratp for materials for his history. Our record from the inception of 2. conte he pregent day ig fuller and tee santosh ee de “accurate as that of any other prominent journal published in the United States or in Europe, excepting only those great English journals, the Lon- don Times and the Telegraph, We hardly need assure the public that we shall continue to display, regardless of labor and expense, the same enterprise in the future as in the past, so that the Herarp may hold, to the remotest generation, the foremost posi- tion in American journalism. Tho Filkins-Halpine Case. We have frequently of late had proof abun- dant that in the city and State of New York there is something defective in the machinery which gives efficiency and force and majesty to law. If a murder is committed the well- paid agents of the law seek for the murderer in vain. He eannot be got. If a murderer is to be executed the poor wretch, who is bidding farewell to the scenes he knows and is about to visit a future of which he knows nothing but that it must bring him lasting agony, must be hanged half a dozen times before he is allowed to enter upon the undesirable experiment of the future, The case of Filkins brings up all the worst features of the legal and judicial administration in this State. It may be true, as Governor Hoffman is reported to have said, that the pre- condemnation of this man Filkins is felt in the Albany atmosphere. It is more than possible that no one doubts that he is the guilty party. It is not, however, the less true that the manner in which con- demnatory evidence has been secured against this man renders the evidence in the minds of all who respect the sacredness of life and the majesty of law almost, if not entirely, worth- less. In France, as France once was ; in Great Britain, as Great Britain now is, things are otherwise managed. If a man is found guilty, ifhe is to suffer the last and highest penalty of the law, the work is done swiftly, sharply, efficiently. Justice does not, through bun- gling, degenerate into cruelty. If a man is suspected he has a fair chance to prove his innocence. None of our readers have for- gotten the French case of Traupmann, or the English case of Miiller. We do not question the public sentiment of Albany. We do not question the guilt of Filkins. But we must say that if Filkins is to be condemned solely on the evidence of the wounded and feeble and, in all likelihood, fevered and in- competent Halpine, justice will be de- feated. Public: sentiment, no matter how convinced of this man’s guilt, will come to this man’s rescue. And why? Simply be- cause, in place of using a little common sense, the Aibany authorities rovealed the grossest ignorance of the elements of criminal science. Had they kept Halpine in the dark as to the capture of Filkins; had they brought in a dozen men, Filkins among them, and allowed Halpine to single out his man, the presump- tion is that the guilty man would have been recognized and that the guilty man would have been Filkins. But Halpine was told that the would-be murderer had been caught, was told what he was like and was brought face to face withhim. ‘‘You are the man,” he said, “who told me your name was Jones.” It may be that in this case the guilty has been found. It may be that he will be brought to justice. But it is possible that the public will refuse to regard the recognition of Jones by Hulpine as damnatory evidence, and that the criminal will escape the punishment which perhaps he deserves. It is certain that the conviction and punishment of Filkins on the evidence of Halpine will establish a most dan- gerous precedent. Why is it that our legal authorities will not learn to practise a little common sense? Why should our republican institutions continue to be a laughing stock to Europe and the world generally because of unceasing and apparently incurable bungling ? This case stands not alone. We have not yet found out who was the murderer of Rogers. We have not yet discovered the murderer of Nathan. Must we accept it as true that the detective police are, as a rule, quite as anxious to conceal as to discover guilt? However it may be, this is true—our whole criminal system must be changed before we can lift our head among the nations, Tug Mxrnopist Book ConceRN Muppie appears by the pending investigation to be more muddled thanever. We think, however, that as it is evident thet whitewashing will not do, all the whitewash pota and brushes ought to be set aside, situation of affairs in France to-day different from that which was published in the Huratp of yesterday. The little which we have from the East shows that Bourbaki has been beaten and that his army now stands in danger. Aceording to General Von Werder the retiring French were being followed by the vanguard of the German army, and a general ad- vance along the whole German line was on the point of being inaugurated. This move- ment, we presume, is only delayed until the reinforcements under General Manteuffel come up. Itis safe to infer, therefore, that with the German army strengthened by these new accessions Bourbaki will be no match for the army which will be opposed to him. Ifhe was not able to beat Von Werder what chance will he have against Manteuffel, at the head of @ vastly superior force? Had the French been successful in destroying Von Werder’s army in the East and followed up the advan- tages which would surely follow, it might have puta different phase upon the future conduct of the war. That the German line of com- munication would stand in danger is clear. The aim of Bourbaki evidently was first to ren- der Von Werder’s army useless and then to direct his attention to the German line of communication, but it is also evident that Von Moltke was determined to guard against surprise in that direction. With this view Manteuffel was sent to reinforce Von Werder. The campaign thus far in the East has been disastrous to the French, and the Germans, without weakening their lines about Paris or drawing on the forces watching Chanzy and Faidherbe, have almost as effectually wound up the campaign in the East as they have done elsewhere. Regarding the movements of Chanzy and Faidherbe we have little or no news. It is evident no battle has occurred, nor no new movement been made, or we should have heard of it, The bombardment of Paris has not been Carried out with that same degree of vigor which characterized it earlier in the week. Various reasons are assigned for the slackening of the fire. In connection with the German operations outside Paris, and as an evi- dence of German daring and something wholly apart from the admirable discipline which dis- tinguishes the German army, mention may be made of the act of a German field battery about a week ago, before the village of Bougival. With a daring unparalleled ding the whole cam- paign the battery left the German lines, dashed into the open field and took up a position within two thousand yards of Fort Valefien. In this position, with the great guns of the fortress frowning down upon them, the artillery men fired three rounds of shell, then, limber- ing their guns, the Germans retired without a man injured. This act, so bold, so reckless, so full of daring and pluck, stands out in bold relief as one of the many incidents of the war which will not be forgotten. It is the same determined spirit prevailing throughout the German army, directed by the genius of a great soldier, that has rendered the armies of Germany invincible in the present war with France. The New York Collectorship. Reports have been circulating here and there in the city during the past few days— and some politicians have taken good care to repeat the rumor—to the effect that Collector Murphy was about to resign his position under the United States government. The extrem- ists of the busybodies asserted that Mr. Murphy had been, or was about to be, removed from office by President Grant. We have the most excellent authority for giving a denial to both statements. Mr. Murphy is not about to resign. His removal by the government would be a mistake. What would be gained? He is an efficient officer, acquainted with the complete routine of his duty. A stranger, his successor, would have to learn all this. His new experiments in cus- toms revenue finance would be conducted at the government expense. Just as a stiff fingered adult in attempting to learn the trade of a barber inflicts many un- necessary cuts and scrapes on the cheeks of the customers, so does an inexperienced executive fiscal officer slash the pockets and purses both of the mercantile community and the people at one and the same time. We cannot afford such changes in relation to the vast interests which the Ameri- can people enjoy in the proper conduct of the trade of the port of New Yerk. Collector Murphy consequently remains. Buncompg Day IN Taz Hovuse.—Half a dozen members of the House of Representa- tives availed themselves of the opportunity yesterday of delivering in the House, for the purpose of having printed in the Congree- sional Globe and distributed among their con- stituents, essays on various subjects. This is a most curious custom, known and practised nowhere else among legislative bodies. It is, if not grand, at least gloomy and peculiar. But then it amuses those who participate in it, and does no harm to any 6ne else except in swelling the pages and increasing the expense of the Congressional Globe. We presume that the pressing business of the session will ex- clude the chance of any more buncombe days between now and the 4th of March, “oc New York Rauways iw Dancer.— Madame Rumor says the Pennsylvania Central Railread Company has secured a controlling interest in the Union Pacific Railroad. The Pennsylvania Central has a most capacious maw, having already absorbed most of the connecting lines in ils own State and Ohio, and is preparing to swallow the united com- panies of New Jersey; but this gobbling up of the Union Pacific read was an achieve- ment which even the most sanguine did not imagine could be accomplished. This is a bold move to divert the Pacific travel trom its established channels, and which will require all the skill of the Erie and New York Central magnates to counteract, Tue District or Conumsia, it appears, is not destined soon to arrive at the dignity of a Territory of the United States. The constitution explicitly vests the exclusive jurisdiction of the District in which tho national capital is located in Congress. The bill which recently passed the Louse, providing a Territorial government fer the District is said to conflict with this provision of the constitution, and will, therefore, be de- feated when branchtto a vete in the Senate, water we have some very interesting news of © the continued friendly relations between the Pope and King William. It thus appears that the fact has become known in the various capitals of Europe, by the publication of official documenta, that the Pope, in October last, communicating by telegraph with the King of Prussia, requested his Majesty to “secure his (the Pope’s) departure from Rome with due honor, in case he should conclude to leave the Holy City,” and that King Wil- liam replied affirmatively, and telegraphed the fact to the King of Italy for his information. It will be remembered that at that time the Italian army had not moved to the occupation of Rome, and that while the Pope knew that it was coming he had reason to fear the con- sequences from the threatening effervescence of the revolutionary elements all around him. He could not forget the Roman revolution of 1848, and how he was in consequence com- pelled to fly to the then existing kingdom of Naples as a house of refuge. Hence, this reported application to King William in Octo- ber last was perfectly natural, especially after the friendly communications interchanged be- tween the Pope and the King at the beginning of this war in France, It further appears that the tone and ten dency of the Prussian diplomacy since the beginning of this war, in reference to the Pope and the Pontificate, have been very liberal, conciliatory and comprehensive; that recent despatches from Berlin, Rome and Florence make it evident that the Prussian Cabinet, like that of St. James, has given excellent advice to Italy in reference to her march upon and armed occupation of Rome; and that in one of his despatches in behalf of the North German Confederation, Herr Von Thile “‘thopes we shall neglect no measure calculated to con- ciliate the Pope as regards ourselves, the whole world being interested in this desire, Germany included.” Furthermore, Herr Von Thile ‘‘expresses a doubt concerning the right (of Italy) to hold the Quirinal Palace as State property,” and broadly suggests the wisdom of giving no cause for dissatisfaction to the Church party, meaning the Catholics of Europe. This is good advice, considering that there are many millions of Catholics in Ger- many, and particularly in the South German States, now fused in the German empire under King William with his new imperial title and responsibilities. And to whom of the sovereigns of Europe but the Emperor of Germany can the Holy Father now look for a helping hand in his sore distresses? Not long ago he had three de- voted friends in the Emperor Napoleon, “the eldest son of the Church;” the Emperor of Austria, and Queen Isabella of Spain. But where are they now? Napoleon is on the retired list at Wilhelmshéhe, the Empe- ror of Austria has somewhat roughly aban- doned the Pope to his infallibility, and Isa- bella, the Holy Father’s special favorite of the Golden Rose, was last heard from in her exile in her solemn protest against the excem- mupicated Amadeus, son of the Church- accursed Italian King, as King of Spain. France is now powerless to help herself, and with the return of peace she may be recon- structed on a republican basis even more prejudicial to the Pope than to him the utterly obnoxtous Chureh property confiscating gov- ernment of Iialy. Assuming, on the other hand, that the French empire will be restored, it will be under conditions imposed by the Emperor of Germany. As for Russia, the Czar is the Pope over all the Russias, and as the imperial head of the Greek Church he has no particular admiration for the Pope or the Church of Rome. Queen Victoria, however, though the head of the Church of England, is, it appears, disposed to act in concert, and has been acting, with King William, in behalf of a generous treatment of the Pope. , Still, the only sure reliance of the Pope, now and for the immediate future, as a friend, is the Protestant Emperor of Germany. Nor is it difficult to believe that to attach the mil- lions of the Catholics of Germany to himself and his house and the cause of Vaterland, King William will prove the friend in deed in being the friend in need of the otherwise helpless Pio Nono in his temporal affairs. The brief and always reliable despatches of the events of this war from the King to Queen Augusta, and all his pointed Speeches and proclamations, establish him a man of truth and piety, and not of that fierce, fanatical piety of Cromwell, but of the piety of a liberal Christian and a great statesman of the nineteenth century. Doubtless the mind of the King, as a statesman, has been greatly enlarged by the master mind of the great Bis- marck and liberalized by the gentle influences of the amiable Queen Augusta in matters of religion ; but, whatever the causes, there is un- questionably a ‘‘happy accord” existing between King William and the Pope, which we think will be developed to the advantage of both in the approaching general reconstruc- tion of European affairs. Federal and State Jurisdiction in the Courts. A question of considerable importance relate ing to the separate jurisdiction of the federal and State courts upon points in which a con- flict of authority can at times be raised is just now engaging some public attention. The question is a military one entirely, but is brought into the State courts by an application for and the issuance of a writ of habeas cor- pus directed to General Neill, commanding on * Governor's Island, and enjoining him to pro- duce the body of an enlisted soldier, in whose ‘behalf it is claimed that at the time of enlistment he was a minor, and therefore wrongfully held. Judge McCuvx, of the Superior Court, issued the writ, to which return was made, not by General Neill in person, bat by his next im command, delegated by him for that purpose. The return set forth that the recruit was held@ as a legally enlisted soldicr of the United States upon his own sworn affidavit that he was of legal age and entitled to act for him. self independent of parents or guardions, and that, being thus deld, no other return could pro- perly be made, But Judge McCuon judged otherwise, and, his judicial wrath being kin- died at what he deemed contempt of his authority as an exponent of State rights, ho refused, to accept the retura, or even to “look at it.’ whereunon he isaued an attachment te