The New York Herald Newspaper, January 15, 1871, Page 3

t CHANZY’S DEFEAT, (TUR GREIT BOMBARDYEN'. |THE BA NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, JANUARY 16, 187L.—TRIPLE SHEET. Herald Special Report from |Herald Special Report from Le Mans. GETAILS OF THE FIRST DAY'S BATTLE. Sharp Artillery Duel Bloody Charges. HEROIC FIGHTING ON BOTH SIDES and THE CARNAGE FEARFUL. ‘fhe French Lose Fifteen Fhou- sand Mien. W MANS OCCUPIED BY THE GERMANS. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. ~Toxnow, Jan. 14, 1871, Vhave just received the following letter from the Naw Yous Henaup correspondent with the Wrench Army of the Loire, dated at Le Mans, at midnight, on the 10th inst., giving an account of the first day’s battle with Prince Frederick Oharles’ army. Your correspondent writes: THE BATTLE—BXCITEMENT IN LE MANS. The French Army of the Loire, the last hope of France, has been defeated to-day in a bloody Dattle fought within seven miles of this city (Le Mans). We heard the roar of the cannon all day, and the popalation crowded to the housetops and suburbs and through the thoroughfares, watch- fog the progress of the fight. Ihave never be- fore witnessed such intense excitement, although the French people have become accustomed to , the.roar of cannon. THE GERMAN ADVANCE. At nine o’clock this morning the right wing of the French army in position east of Le Mans was waddenly attacked by the vanguard of the German forces, which, emerging from the wood on the extreme right of the French, moved forward to attack, Upon the alarm being given the ad- vance posts of the French infantry wheeled into line of battle and the artillery was pushed for- ward, on the open ground between the severed ranks of the various commands. The cavalry took up an advantageous position onthe right and left wings. THE BATTLEFIELD. Amore perfect line of battle could not have Deen formed by the finest army in Europe. The artillery was well supplied with ammunition, and fhe infantry had 100 rounds to each man. In addition, the supply trains wore well posted and easy of access. - Beal, bloody work soon began. The field ef battle was in o valley, and the two armies @ccupied heights opposite each other, the French ‘Une forming 4 semicircle extending twelve miles, everlooking the valley, which was covered by twelve inches of snow. On the opposite heights ‘the Prussians held a somewhat similar position. FIEROR ARTILLERY DURL. Shortly afver nine o’clock the Prussians began @farious cannonade from the wood near the ex- treme left. They were flanked by an immense force of cavalry partly concealed by the wood. Their position was where the German infantry massed with the evident intention of turning Ohanzy’s right. The artillery fire on both sides was continued without intermission until the ‘smmunition was nearly exhausted. It was a fierce, well sustained duel, the German and French artillerists displaying marked skill and courage. THE ASSAULT. Atlength the Prussian commanders gave the order for an advance, and the German infantry moved forward. Tne French, equally rapid, ad- vanced along their whole line, and the opposing armies met in the valley in a fair hand to hand fight. The musketry fire was very severe and effective. The German troops were cool and eollected, and the French impetuous and gallant. Indeed, both armies behaved with notable bray- ery until near noon, when the Gardes Mobiles be- gan to waver, and, being unable to hold their Position, s retreat commenced. Meantime the dead and wounded lay upon the battlefield by thousands, and the snow fields were red with Suman blood. THE RETSEAT. ‘The carnage was fearfal on bi sides. Before - five o’clock in the evening 15,000 French soldiers had fallen, and at this hour the whole army started {m fall retreat. The French and German forces were abouteqnally matched. I should judge that they numbered 60,000 men each. ANOTHER BATTLE EXPECTED. General Chanzy is reported sick, but he still remains in command of the army. Although the French have been beaten they have not been routed, Another battle is expected to take place to-morrow. German Oficial Report—Twelve Gune and 1,800 Prisoners. Versaiiies, Jan, 14, 1871, The Germans have made the following official Yeport:— @IE caPrures. In the battles near Le Mans we captured twelve gans and 1,800 prisoners. M. Gambetta was pres- ent atthe beginning of the actton, but he saved himself by early flight. Le Mans Occapiced=Large Quantitics of Stores—Teclearam from the Duke of Meck- fenburg. Lonvon, Jan. 13—4;30 P. M. Le Mans was taken and is now occupied by the Third and Tenth Prussian corps. The Germans entered the place at noon of Thursday. They were simultaneously successful at Corneille. A great quantity of stores were captured by the Germans both at Le Mans and Corn: ille. DESPATCH FROM THR DUKE OF MECKLENBURG. The Duke of Mecklenburg telegraphs to his ‘whe fom Montfort, Depariment of the Sarthe, on the 12h, that, afier @ severe engagement at » Cor eile, we reached the river, near Savigne PEveque, seven miles northeast from Le Mans, ‘Wilh +mall love, We Lave taken 1,000 pr ronerg. Versailles, The French Army in Paris Active and Aggressive. Desperate Attempt to Recapture Notre Dame de Clamart. SOME SHARP BAYONET FIGHTING A Fierce Sortie from Fort Vanvres. Heavy Cannonade from the Batteries and Forts. German and French Miners at Fort Valerion Nearing Each Other. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Lonpon, Jan. 14, 1871. I have received the following despatch from the New York Hxekavp correspondent at Ver- seilles, dated January 11. Your correspondent writes:— PRUSSIA NS PUSHING FORWARD. On the night of the 9th inst. the Germans on the south side of Paris pushed forward in front to Valdemardon and Moulineaux. They met with some opposition at Valdemardon, but succeeded in establishing and holding their position, with « , loss of only five. | PRENCH ASSAULT. Paris at night is bombarded with incendiary sbelle, which are very effective. Early yesterday morning (January 10) the French made a most determined attack upon the newly acquired bat- tery at Notre Dame de Clamart, taken by sur- prise by the Germans a few days ago. They pen- etrated to, the works and, after a sharp hand-to- hand struggle with the bayonet were driven out by the Sixth Bavarian infantry. The commander of the Bavarians was killed by a bayonet thrust. SORTIES FROM ST, DENIS AND FORT VANVERES. At noon yesterday (January 10) the French made @ sortie from St. Denis under the personal superintendence of General Trochu. The French were repulsed, with slight loss to the Germans. This morning they made a more important sortie, A large force advanced from Fort Vanyres upon the German line between Clamart and Chatillon. The encounter between the French and the be- sieging force was vigorous and fierco, but in the end the French were driven back almost to the glacis of the fort. SHARP WIRING ON BOTH SIDES. Hoavy and well sustained firing was kept up ‘to-day from two till Your and from six till half-past nine in the evening on the southwest. The Ger- man batteries were extraordinarily active and the French forts replied with briskness. There was also « vigorous cannonade from the em- placements between the forts. The French thirty-two-pounders on the ramparts of the enceinte were also busy all the morning. At the same time Fort Valerien opened a rapid fire with large shells upon the villages of Bongival and Vancresson, and with especial severity upon Ville Davrai and Sevres. GENERAL MATTERS. The weather, which had recently heen warm and pleasant, has changed again. There wasa hard frost yesterday, and it is now quite cold. ‘There has been a vigorous search for arms at St. Germain. SEVERE BOMBARDMENT. Writing at two o'clock in the afternoon, your correspondent says :—The bombardment is pro- ceeding with increased vigor at the present mo- ment. An incessant fire is kept up from twenty- one batteries, and the French are replying all along the line, and their infantry is making attempts of the most frantic character to tarn the batteries. Three new batteries opened upon. them from Meudon to-day. The Gembardment Effective—German and Freneh “mers at Fort Valerein Approuch- Ing Karh Other. Lonvon, Jan. i4, 1871. Adviows fom the army investing Paris have been received ap to Thursday. On that day the bombardment of the city was very effective. GERMAN AND FRENCH MINERS APPROACHING BACH OTHER. A telegram just received from Versailles brings the important news ¢hat the mines and counter mines around Fort Mont Valerien are in such close proximity that a collision is momentarily expected. BOURBAKI’S ADVANCE. Vesoul Hvantuted by the Germans. TELEGRAM TO THE KEW YORK HERALD. Lonpox, Jan. 14, 1871. Advices from the Army of the East just received here state that the Germans have evacuated the town of Vesoul. MISCRLLANEOUS REPORTS, A Prussian war ship was sighted off Waterford, Ireland, to-day. She was apparently in full chase. i Const Read has arrived at Brussels, from Baris. scale cae THE LUXEMBURG QUESTION Bismarck’s Proposals for a Settlement—The Duchy Becoming Reassured. LONDON, Jan. 14, 1871. The Prussian Premter’s (Count von Bismarck) re- ply to the circular of the Minister of State of the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg (Servais), on the sub Ject of Prussia’s relations to the territorial govern- ment, has been received and made public, The tone is reassuring. Count Bismarck proposes that the Duchy appoint the German Consul at the head of the Ducal Court a8 wedlator between the Powers, Le Mans to Paris—Its Lines of the Opposing Armies, = TTLE OF Military Importance— f DER “d MY, £5, ANDELY! SSOcVINCENNE OES AROT To clearly under: © recent operatrons in the vicinity of Le Mans it is necessary to go back to the situation of both armies a fortnight ag ume the forces under Prince Frelerick Charles oc- cupied a line stretch'ng from the vicinity of Dreux, passing before Chartres to Vend ‘me. Detached corps at Orleans and along the Lotre protected the Germin left wing while the German Army of the Loire,in the vicinity of Glen kept watch upon the French Army of Bordeaux, which was reported advancing from Bourges. Undoubtedly at this time the French had the ad- vantage in the situation. Their line was shorter and More compact than that of the Germans. Chanzy’s army oceupied @ line extending from Nogent-le- Retron to a point south ef Le Mans, compictely cov- ering allthe railway lines of communication with the sea. The northward movement made by Chanzy alter the French defeat at Orleans had thrown the Germuns completely on the defensive. It had com- pelled them to extend their line immensely, thereby necessarily weakening it at all points. When Chanzy, after a most fatal delay, determined upon taking the offensive, he had one of two move- ments to select Irom. The drst was to extend his right wing and take Venddéme in flank, and by form- tng a junction with the Army of Bordeaux ator Rear Blois force the Germans to evacuate Vendéme and Orleans and retire northward. This would have necessitated their forming a new line, which would extend from Dreux to Chartres and Pithi- viers. ‘The next movement was to continue, or rather re- sume, the flank march nofthward, flank Chartres and advance on Versailles. This, as will fw seen at @ glance on the map, involved the abandonment of Le Mans and its railroad faoilities, and the compul- sory dependence upon the single railroad line to Cherbourg for supplying Chanzy’s large army with | food and ammunition. In addition, it must be admit- ted that a flank march upon Versailles in the face of a watchful enemy rendered possible the isolation ana subsequent capture of the flanking column by a sudden advance on the Frehen centre from Chateau- dun. Still, tt must be borne in mind that all great flank movements ate full of danger. MacMahon’s flank march to Metz was badly executed, but its conception was admirable generalship. If the French army had succeeded in crossing the Meuse river it would have been impossible for the Ger- mans to have prevented the escape of Bazaine’s army. In fact, every military movement promising | great results is attended with great risks. ‘Thus we consider that Chanzy’s movement should have been northward. Once north of Chartres the chances would have been ten to one in favor of his raising the siege of Paris. Prince Frederick Charles, failing im plercing the French centre, would have been unable to give battle except at a most decided disadvantage. Besides which the great length o | hits line would have prevented his concentration be. | tween Chartres and Dreux m tme te foil the French flanking column. Chanzy, however, adopted the plan of advance on the left flank of the German army. He threw for- ward flying columns to occupy the attention of his enemy along their whole line, while his right wing pushed on through St. Calais in the direction of Vendéme. Had he began the advance ten days earher he might have been successful, but the result could only have been the withdrawal of the Ger- man left and the concentration of the en- tire German army on @ shorter wine and one which more effectuaily covered the besieging army before Paris. Practically but little immediate benefit would have been derived from the success, Ultimately much good might nave followed; for it ts reasonable to suppose that had the first flank movement succeeded Ch: THE PEACE QUESTION. fi ry, followed it up by a second, directed aguinst LE MANS. |THE B Map of the Battle Field and Surrounding Country—Position of | 1°"! Dreux. What the French general seemed most Solicitous about was the covering of De Mans. He appeared to forget that the temporary abandonment of the piace would be more than compensated for by @ successful march upon Chartres, By the dme Unanzy began moving, the Germans, heavily reinforced, were again in condition to re- Sume the offensive. Before the French column had struck the flank of Vendéme Prince Frederick Charles threw his left wing forward and drove itback. The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, com. manding the German right wing, simultancously advanced upun Nogent-le-Retron, and it very soon. became apparent that the German plan not only embraced the capture of Le Mans, but also the pre- venting of Chanzy retreating northward, in the @irection of Cherbourg. Whether the French line of Tetreat northward has been cut off yet we are una- Ware, but the fact that in the recent battle at Le Mans the French faced eastward, and not southeast, makes it very probable that it has been, After the Germans had advanced beyond St. Calais and Nogent-le-Retron Chanzy’s chances of relieving Paris depended solely upon his winning @ great vic- tory. Strategy could do little then, uniess he had evacuated Le Mans and made forced marches to Montagne, trom whicn place he would have threat ened the German right and compelled it to change front. nnder most disadvantageous circumstances, But @banzy himself would have to change front in the®pen field to make any such flank movement, and in doing so he would have ran imminent risk of being badly beaten in detail. ‘The last alternative of the French was to fight a Pitched battle. So far as we can judge trom the despatches Chanzy erred in continuing to fall back before the Prussian advance. He should have en- deavored to pierce their centre before they had reached Montfort. Instead of doing that he con- tinued retreating, evidently upon the supposition that as his forces retired upon a common centre they would become more compact and better able to resist the Germans ina general engagement, The result proves the error of any such supposition. Prince Frederick Charles does not appear to have attacked the French all along the lines. His two wings seem to have done all the work, while his re- mained comparatively inactive. Iv other words, he massed on his wings and drove in the French north. ward and southward, The battle of Le Mans was fouzht some seven miles from the city, and took place near Montfort, as we suggested probable m an editorial pubished some days since. Savigne l’Eveque, the immedi- ate scene of the engagement, 1s a village situated northeast of Le Mans. On the map published above we give the general positions of the opposing armies, The numerous small villages mentioned 1p the despatches are not given, as they cluster close around Le Mans. By his defeat Chanzy has lost his tast chance of relieving Paris. The present indications are that both his wings have been badly beaten, and if this be the case he will have to retreat westward upon the seaboard instead of northward, in which event he would have stood a bester chance of doing some- thing in the future, By the occupation cf Le Mans, with the French cut off from Alenson, the Germans possess all the roads by which @ successful advance on Paris can be made in the future. No flank movements are longer practicable, and it ls not likely that Chanzy, if even his army remains intact, will venture upoa a direct advance. Altogether we are inclined to regard the recent engagement as the finishing stroke to Paris, The German movements have heen admirable thronghont. They have been directed with a skit and an energy hardly surpassed py the movement on Sedan. It now remains to be seen whether the | Germans can follow up the great advaniage they ve gained. ENGLAND. The Blow of Specie to the European Couii- gout—Demand and Supply. COUNT BISMARCK ON FRENCH SINC A Chapter of the Late Armistice Proposal. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Lonvoy, Jan. 14, 1871. The New York Henacp correspondent at Berlin telegraphs ander date of the 18th inst. the follow- ing :— BISMARCK ON FRENCH SINCERITY. Count Bismarck is preparing a circular showing that abundant and unprecedented facilities existed fusal by the French provisional government of Germany's most liberal proposal for an armistice. This fully proves that the French leaders aever seriously contemplated entering into negotiations leading to peace. | GREECE. British Demands for Justic Ansurances. ATHENS, Jan. 19, 1871. The government of his Majesty the King of the Helienes, being pressed on the subject by the repre- sentations of the Minister of Queen Victoria, hae given positive assurances to the Engltsh enves that those of the Maraiuon assassins yet remaining alive _and Executive LONDON, Jan. 13, 1871. The weekly circular of one of the city houses, well established in the bullion trade, which nas been issued this morning, expresses the opinion “that the Continental demand for specie must last until the close of the present month, after which the overland siipment will satisfy it.” Vaited States Bonds Uader British Stamp. LonDon, Jan. 14, 1871, Ameriean honses ere refuse to receive American bonds if they are impressed with the English stamp, as the government requires. 4 en eed MARINE DISASTERS. | fhe Steamship City of Brooklynu—Whet the for victualling Paris at the very time of the re- | Persons Saved Say. NDON, Jan. 14, 1871. The purser and four of the passengers of the steamship City of Brooklyn, who were recently landed at Grimsby trom the steamship Hansa, are “couddent of the steamship Brooklyn’s safety.” ' Collision Between Ships. Lo: an. 14, 187h. The ships Callope and Crescent collided a day or ‘twa since im the Mersey. Both were sunk. WEAVY STORM PREVAILING IN THE WEST. WASHINGTON, Jan. 14, 1871. The barometer is falling rapidly west of the Alie- ghanies. A heavy sterm of sieet 19 prevailing in Michigan and tne valley of the Mississippi, with rain at the southern stations, The barometers upon the shall receive panishment for their crimes against te lives of the Laghsk tourists, Atlantic coast are begmuing to fall. The indications are that the storm will ve on tbe Atlautic coast on i. ATTLE OF BAPAUME, iam @ all from Dampierre. WON: GERMAN VICTORY. Brilliant but Fatal Cavalry Charge. The French Reinforced and Again Advancing. A HARD Bapaume Evacuated and the Ger- mans on the Defensive. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. ~Tonnow, Jan, 14, 1871. The New York Hearn correspondent at |!ain- pierre, the headquarters of General Von Goebanws | Army of the Somme, writes under date of January 7 ws follows, He says :— THE BATTLE OF BAPAUMK, The battle of Bapaume, of which I had hoped to have been enabled to send details yesterday, resulted ina real defeat of the French, although it was a hard won victory for the Germans. One of the greatest events of the day was the charge made by the Highth Rhenish Cuirassiers, com- manded by Captain Von Maires, with another de- tachment of cavalry. A CAVALBY OBARGE. This force had been ordered to follow the re- treating French on the Arras an@ Douai roads. Beyond the village of Sapigny the troops encoun- tered two battalions of French isfantry. At the time of discovering them the French were drawn upin parallel lines on the undulating ceuntry, which had Intherto hidden them from view. A determined attack was made by the German cavairy. Most of the country around Bapaume is arable, ploughed I:nd, which the frost had frozen into bars of iron. alry officers know the diffi- culty which a cavalry regiment has to overcome under such circumstances. A TELLING FIRE, Nevertheless, after due deliberation, a spot was chosen by the German commander upon which to make an attack. Very soon the French, deceived by the approach of the Prussians, formed in two squares and awaited the cavalry. They reserved their fire until the Germans had approached within three hundred yards, when they poured in a per- fect shower of bullets, which rung against and pierced the cuirasses of the advancing horsemen. Captain Von Maires was shot in the knee and his horse through the head. A lieutenant was un- horsed and suffered severely from the concussion. The sergeant major of the troops was shot through the heart. The effect of this volley was to shatter the squares of cavalry, and before the remains gained the shelter of the village all order wasdost. Captain Von Maires’ wound requires amputation above the knee. PURSUIT BY THE FRENCH. The main body of the French forces followed the retreating cavalry as far as Oourceilos, Erville end Noreuil, when further pursuit was stayed, Yesterday (January 6) tha French hav- ing received strong reinforcements from Bou- logne, Calais and Lille, advanced their outposts along the road to Amiens, as far as Ablainville and Gomfecourt. THE GERMANS ON THE DEFENSIVE. In consequence of this movement General Von Goeben thought it pradent to abandon Bapaume. This has compelled General Kimmer, of the Fif- teenth division, to withdraw from Albert to Bruf- sur-Somme, and Prince Albrecht to retire to Comblis. Meantime the French are without doubt making strong demonstrations on the right of Kimmer. PERONNE. Peronne has now become the piece de resist- ance. This makes General Coblonz’s position un- pleasant. The German troops have to be con- tinually on the qui vive. The commander of the French forces in Peronns is a French officer who has broken his parole, and 1s now fighting witha halter around his neck. There will, doubtless, be some more severe figh'ing shortly. [Peroune has since surrendered.—Ep.} THR BATTLE ON THR SEINE. On the sams day as the battle of Bapaume was fought General Von Bentheim had s severe en- gagement on the Seine with the French troops from Havre. The French were completely sar- prised by the attack, and were routed after a short, sharp and decisive battle. The Germans took four standards, 1,000 prieosera and four guns. The French retreated upon Havre. The Siege of Givet Ralsed—Iwportance of Pcronne~The Commander to be Court Mar- tialed—Fight}Near Hnvre. Lonpon, Jan. 14, 1871. The Germans have raised the siege of Givet, on the Belgian border. IMPORTANCE OF PRRONNE. The capture by the Germans of the fortified town of Peronne is regarded as very important in 3 THE BUROPEAN CONGRESS. Day of Assemblage of thé Plenipotentiaries. To Meet in London on Janus ary 17. THE POINTS OF DISCUSSION, TELEGRAMS TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Lownon, Jan, 14, 187). Tam enabled to inform the readers of the Hane ALD specially and on the moat reliable authonty that the European Conference on the subject of the navigation of the Black Sea, and, conse> quently, the revision of the ‘lreaty of Paris of 1866, in so far as it relates to the ontry of armed Vessels to i's waters and the objections of Russia, will assemble iu this city on Tuesday, the 17th of January, Tuesday, the 3d of January, was, as the reader of the Henao are aware, first named as the day of meeting. Then there were probabilities of a failure of the plan, but itis uow decided that the Conference will meet as I report to-day. Belgium as a Universal Peace Mediator in the Conf. rence. BRUSSELS, Jau. 14, 1871. T have excellent authority for asserting that the Belgian government will be an active participator in the London Conference, and that the King’s Min- isters are charged and will endeavor to effect @ unt- versal European peace through the instrumentality of that assemblage. ‘The Russian #latform—What the Czar Will Demand of the Assembled Diplomats. In view of the tmportant intelligence which ta reported in our special telegram published above, and of the near approach of the day of meeting of the European Conference on the Black sed navigation question, we proceed to present @ carefully revised copy of the circular which Prince Gortchakoff addressed to the Russian Ambassador in London on the subject, under date of October 31, 1870. The Gortchakoff circular embraces the points which will be debated by the plenipotentiaries, thus:— Prince Gortchakof’s Circular—The Treaty of 1856. TSARSKOB-BELO, Oct. 31, 1870. Successive alterations in tue treaties considered as the foundation of the Euro; valance of power have rendered it necessary for the tntperial Cabinet ta inquire how far the political positiom of Russia has been and ought to be modified by these changes, Among the treaties alluded to that which touch Russia more nearly than i the compact of March 30, speci: convention between the two States bordering 0} the Black Sea, which torms an appenatx to thi treaty, obliges Russia to confine her naval forces to. minimum. At the same time this treaty estabusher the principle of the neutralization of the Black Se: By laying down this principle the signatory Rows intended to remove the very possibility of a confict between the Powors bordering on the Black Sea or between either of them and the maritime Powers. ‘This arrapgemont was intended to increase the num- ber of the territories which have been accorded | benefit of neutrality by common consent, and .bui Protect Russia herself from the danger of attack. A fifveen years’ experience hag proved that tnig, rinciple, on which the safety of the South Kussia: ‘ontiers exclusively depends, 18 nO more than & theory. 1n reality, while Russia disarmed in the Black Sea, ana, by & declaration contaied in the minutes of we ference, likewise loyally ae, eye herself of the possiblity of taking measures’ for an effectual maritime defence in the adjoining seas and ports, Turkey pregersed her privilege of having an unlimited number of men-of-war in the Arch.pelago and the Straits, while France and ong land were also at iiberty to assemble their squad- rons in the Mediterranean. Again, under the treaty in question, the war fi of ail nations 18 formally and perpetually prohipit: entry ito the Black Sea, bat the so-called Straits ‘Treaty closes the Straits only 1a time of peace to men-of-war. Owing to this inconsistency the shores of the Russian Empire are ox; 4 to attack even from leas poweriul States if they have some naval lorces at tuelr disposal All that Kussia could op- pose to them would be some ships of small size. The Treaty of March 30 has, moreover, been moui- fled by some of those intringements to which most European transactions huve been latterly exposed, and the face of which it would be dimecuit to maintain that the written law, iounded upon the respect for treaties as the basis of public right and the rule governing the relations between States, retains the moral validity which it may have possessed at other tmesx We have wit- messed the principalities Moldavia aud Wal- lachia, whose position had, under the guarar- tee of the great Powers, been defiued in the Treaty of Veace and the appended protocols, accomplish # series of revolutions, which are equaily at variance with the letter and spirit of these wrans- actions, arrangements which first lead to their re- union, and subsequentiy to the installation o: a foreign prince, Tuese facts have obtuwped tie sanction of the Porte and the consent of tue great Powers—or, at any rate, the latter have not thought it necessary to eniorce their objection. The representative of fussia was the only one who raised his voice to remind the Cabl .ets ¢ iat by this tolerance they were departing from distinct treaty engagements. No doubt if these concessions to one of the Christian nationalities of the Bi: boi from @ general agreement betw labinets and the Porte, and if tuey hat been be upon a principle alike appiicabie to all the Onristian populations of ‘Turkey, they would have been ap- pilauded by the Imperial Cabinet; but they Were exclusive. The imperial Cabinet could not but be surprised at seeing @ most essential stipulation of the Treaty of March 80, 1856, violate: with impunity buta few years after the concinsion of the said compact, and tis ata moment whea tie representatives of the Great Powers, on whose col- jective authority the Kast relied fer peace, were again assembled in conference at Paris. But this iu- fraction was not the only ene. Repeatedly, and under various pretexts, foreign men-ol-war bave been suffered to enter the Straits, and whole squadrons, whose presence in those waters was inconsistent with their uncon- ditional neutralization, admitted to the Black Se While all the guarantees contained in the treaty, and more espectally those for the eitective neutralt- zation of the Black Sea, were thus being invalidated, the adoption of iron-clad vessel unknown and unforeseen in 1860, inere t danger menacing Russia in the event of war. She was now more unable thi er to encounter an enemy in the Black Sea. Un ese circumstances, has Majesty coula not but as<’ elt what are the rights and duties accraing to Russia from this Modification of the general situation and the disre- gard shown to fern mr which, altl lt con ceived in @ spirit of distrust and levetled at her- pa ne nas invariably and most conscientiousiy vers After maturely considering this question, his Nmperial Majesty armved at the following con- clusions, which you are instracted to bring to the’ Knowledge of the government to which you are accredited. Our illustrious master cannot admit, de jure, that treaties, violated in several! of their general and essential clauses, should remain biud- ing in other clauses directly aifecting tne interests of his empire. Nor can his Imperial Majesty admit, de sacto, that Russia should rely for safety on a fiction which has not stood the test of time, and that sne should allow her safety to be im- perilied by herseif reacecting a treuty partly set aside by others. Confiding in the equitable senu- ments of the Powers who have signed the iveaty of 1856, as well as In their consciousness of their own dignity, the Emperor commands ‘ou to deciare that bis Imperial Majesty cannot any longer hold himself bound dy those stipalations of the treaty of Marci: 30, 1456, which restrict tne exercise of his sovereign riglits in the Black Sea: that his Imperial Majesty deems himselt both eu titled and obliged to announce to his Mayesty tue Suitan that he will no longer regard as vahd the special and additional convention appended to the said treaty, the latter of wich Axes the number military circles, as it secures a line of advance for the German reinforcements. TO BE COURT MARTIALED. Advi from the Army of the North are to the effect that General Faidherbe has summoned the commandant of the fortifications of Peronne to appear before # court martial for capitulating. FIGHT NEAR HAVRE. The Prussians, numbering two thousand, at- tacked a force of one thousand Mobiles on Friday at Rournevilie, near Havre. The French fought well, but were compelled to retire. THE HERALD ON LAKE SUPERIOR. (From the Superior (Wis ) Times, Jan. 7.) Every Man who desires to keep well posted in re- gard to the affairs of the world should take one or more of our metropolitan journals, The HERALD is one of the best papers published in New York city, | interesting alike to the business man, the mechanic, | the farmer and the family oircte. tts enterprise in publishing early news from the seat of war in Ku- rope is rewmarkabie. and size of the meén-of-war which the two Powers bordermg on the tack Sea shall keep in thas sea; that Mis Majesty loyally torus of this the Powers who have signed and guaranteed (ue more comprehensive treaty, an integral part o: Waich is the Convention tn question; wud that his Majesty restores to the Sultan the full exererse of his sovereign richts in this respect, reclaiming whe like 1ull exercise of che same mgitis for himself in acquittiog yourseil of tais duty you will take care Lo point out that the only object of our wlastriens Master in this step ts to protect che salty and diguity of his empire. His Iaperial Majesty has no wish to revive the Eastern question. His imperial Majesty sincerely desires to contribute towards te counnuance and consolidauion of peace in the Rast as well as every- wher? else, His Imperial Majesty Tuliy adheres to his consent to te gcaeral principles of the treaty of | 1856, which have fixed tue position of Turkey ta the Baropean sysien His impsrial Majesty Is Teagy .o enter inty an uiderstanding with tie Powers who have signed that transaction, for the purpose ef her | of connrming its general stipulation -or of te. | newing them, or of replacing them by some otner | equitable arrangement, calculated to szeure the quiet of the Kast and the balance of power in Er- | rope. His Imperial Majesty 1s-convineed wat peace | aud the balance Of power wul reeeive a fresh gaurantee if they Are based upon @ more Just and soud foundation than one lavolving @ state of $aings wolch no it Power cau accept as the nor- mal! condition Of ifs éxtsteuce, You are requested to read this despatet to the Minister of Foreign Affairs and jeave him a 5 Javau myneil, &c, GORSCHARKOFE.